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Project report

Rocket project

TO
Ms. Patraphorn Sanguansat

BY
Green Man

Atitaya Jaroenpattanamongkol
Kaewkawee Pleumcharoen
Phu-fah Nontamongkoltorn
Pattranith Pattanaanunsuk
Warit Phakratchatanon
Abstract
In this experiment we observed that the principles of physics and chemistry is directly
related to the experiment. For chemistry, we determine what happen in the chemical reaction,
what will effect from the reaction and what are the limiting reagent, excess reagent and the
mole of the compound. We know how to calculate and find the limiting reagent, excess
reagent and the mole of the compound. The limiting reagent in this chemical reaction is the
one that have less mol which is vinegar and it is 0.415 mol. The excess reagent in this
chemical reaction is the one that have more mol which is baking soda and it is 0.71 mol.
Our rocket didnt hit the target.The nearest point that we get is 20 metres. The angles of
propulsion is 45 degrees. For physics, we determine that the concepts of measurement,
Newtons laws of motion, linear motion, projectile, impulse and momentum and
energy(work, power, KE, PE) are related to the experiment.

Introduction
Chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form
of symbols and formula, wherein the reactant are given on the left-hand side and the product
on the right-hand side. In this experiment, were experiencing the acid-base reaction.
Acid-base reaction is a type of chemical process typified by the exchange of one or more
hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral, such as water, H2O; or acetic acid,
or electrically charged ions, such as ammonium, NH4+. We use vinegar and baking soda as
the acid-base reaction for this experiment. Baking soda has the properties which are white
odorless, crystalline solid, completely soluble in water. It has pH of 8.3. Baking soda
frequency use for food processing, beverages, and household cleaning products. Vinegars
properties and physical qualities, depend on the type and amount of minerals, vitamins, fiber
and organic compound used for its production.

Objective
To create a rocket that can be able to launch to at least 20 meters and tried to hit the
target.
To demonstrate how chemistry is related to the launch of the rocket, in the terms of
acid-base reaction.
Materials

- 2 Litres bottle - Tape


- Poster colour - Corks
- Colour paper - Weight balance
- Crepe paper - Graduated cylinder
- Glue stick - Vinegar
- Scissor - Baking soda
- Paper cup - Tissue
- Decoration things : Glitter, plastic eyes - Paint brush
- Pipe - Card board
- Wood
Methods
Create a rocket

1. Clean the 2 litres bottle neatly.


2. Use a poster colour to paint all over all the bottle.
3. Create the wings of the rocket by cutting the cardboard into the wing shape. Use the
poster colour to paint all over the wings.
4. Cut a crepe paper into a long-thin size, then attach it to the wings of the rocket
5. Use 4-5 paper cups to make a head of the rocket, by overlapping it together.
6. Add the play dough inside of the head of the rocket.
7. Decorates the rocket beautifully.

Launching a rocket

1. Prepare a rocket and a launcher.


2. Weight the vinegar and put it into the rocket.
3. Weight the baking soda, put it on the tissue and use tape to wrapped it together.
4. Tape the cork with the tissue that contain baking soda.
5. Place a launcher on the ground.
6. Put baking soda into the rocket.
7. Press the cork tightly to the bottlenose.
8. Place the rocket on the launcher.
9. Wait for the chemical reaction begin to working.
Results : Data tables

Chemical reaction : CH3COOH + NaHCO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2

Tr Vinegar Baking soda Gas Angle Distance Hit the


ial (m) target
#

Volume Mw Mol Mass(g Mw Mol Mol Mw g


)

1 400 60.05 0.332 55 84.01 0.65 0.332 40.01 13.28 45 10 -


2 500 60.05 0.415 60.40 84.01 0.71 0.415 40.01 16.60 45 20 -
*

3 500 60.05 0.415 60 84.01 0.71 0.415 40.01 16.60 45 18 -


4 450 60.05 0.3735 70 84.01 0.833 0.3735 40.01 14.95 45 2 -
5 600 60.05 0.498 85 84.01 1.01 0.498 40.01 19.92 45 22 -
6 550 60.05 0.4565 70 84.01 0.83 0.4565 40.01 18.26 45 17 -
7 660 60.05 0.5478 85 84.01 1.01 0.5478 40.01 21.91 - - -
8 660 60.05 0.5478 85 84.01 1.01 0.5478 40.01 21.91 45 15 -
Discussion
hen vinegar react with baking soda, it starts a chemical reaction that produces
W
carbon dioxide, water and sodium acetate. The acetic acid (in vinegar) reacts with sodium
bicarbonate (in baking soda) to form a carbonic acid. The chemical equation in this
experiment is CH3COOH + NaHCO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2. The chemical reaction
described in this chemical equation actually occurs in two steps. First, there is double
displacement reaction in which acetic acid in vinegar reacts with sodium bicarbonate to form
sodium acetate and carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is unstable and undergoes a decomposition
reaction to produce the carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide escapes the solution as
bubbles. The bubbles are heavier than air, so the carbon dioxide collects at the surface of the
container or overflows it. The reactants in the chemical equation are acetic acid and sodium
bicarbonate. The products of this chemical equation are sodium acetate, water and carbon
dioxide. The limiting reagent and the excess reagent is vinegar and baking soda respectively.
The mole of each substance are, for vinegar it is equal to 0.415 mol and Baking soda is equal
to 0.71 mol. The best result that we got is at the distance of 20 metres. Even Though, it reach
20 metres but it still doesnt hit the target. On our best trial, we have 500 mL of vinegar and
60.40 grams of baking soda. To Calculate the limiting reagent, excess reagent and mol of the
compound we calculate by :

Vinegar (CH3COOH)

- 5% = 5g CH3COOH = 100ML H2O


g 5g
- Mol = Molar mass = 60.05 g/mol = 0 .083 mol
5% CH3COOH with 500 ml = 0.415 mol

Baking soda (NaHCO3)

g 60.40g
- Mol = Molar mass = 84.01g/mol = 0.71 mol

1CH3COOH +1NaHCO3 1CO2 + H2O + CH3COONa

0.414mol + 0.71 mol 0.415mol


500ml + 60.40g 16.60mol

Limiting reagent is the one that have less mol which is vinegar and it is 0.415 mol.
Excess reagent is the one that have more mol which is baking soda and it is 0.71 mol.
Product has the same mol as the limiting reagent which is 0.415 mol.
Gas: Co2
g
Mol = Molar mass
g
0.415 = 40.01g/mol
g = 16.60

The error in this experiment is caused by the chemical leak, the amount of the
chemical substance is not proper and accurate, and the air resistance which is hardly to
control.To improve the accuracy in this experiment, we should watching the direction of the
wind blow, to find the best place to put the launcher. Calculate the appropriate amount of
baking soda and vinegar used to launch the rocket. Roll up and stick the tissue tightly, to
prevent the baking soda from leaking out and make sure to press the corks tightly with the
bottle, to make a good chemical reaction between baking soda and vinegar.

Conclusion

For the conclusion, our rocket hit the target nearest at 20 metres, but it isnt in the
target point. So, its mean we failed. The amount of chemical used for vinegar and baking
soda is 500 mL and 60.50 grams respectively. When vinegar reacts with baking soda it starts
a chemical reaction that produces carbon dioxide, water and sodium acetate. The acetic acid
(in vinegar) reacts with sodium bicarbonate (in baking soda) to form a carbonic acid. The
chemical equation in this experiment is CH3COOH + NaHCO3 CH3COONa + H2O +
CO2. The limiting reagent in this chemical reaction is the one that have less mol which is
vinegar and it is 0.415 mol. The excess reagent in this chemical reaction is the one that have
more mol which is baking soda and it is 0.71 mol.

References
https://recipes.sainsburys.co.uk/articles/fun-stuff/transform-a-bottle-into-a-rocket-in-6-easy-st
eps

http://www.middleschoolchemistry.com/multimedia/chapter6/lesson2

http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemicalreactions/f/What-Is-The-Equation-For-The-Reaction-
Between-Baking-Soda-And-Vinegar.htm

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