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25. why are the ordinary watt meters not suitable for low power factor circuits?
Ans :The deflecting torque on the moving system is small as the power factor is low even through the current and
pressure coils are fully excited. The inductance of pressure coil introduces considerable error at low power factors.
29. Write any four types of analog ammeters used for instrumentation?
The types of analog instruments are:
Permanent Magnet Moving Coil
(PMMC) instrument.
Moving Iron (MI) instrument.
Electrodynamometer Type
instruments.
Hot Wire Type instruments.
30. List out the methods for measurement of iron loss in ferromagnetic materials?
Methods used for measurement of iron loss in
ferromagnetic materials are:
Wattmeter method.
Bridge method.
Potentiometer method.
33. What are the advantages of digital instruments over analog instruments?
The advantages of digital instruments over analog instruments are:
1. Highly accurate reading can be taken. Better resolution.
2. High input impedance.
3. Reading speed is very high.
4. Portable.
5. Digital output can be directly recorded.
6. Digital display eliminates observational errors, parallax errors, interpolation errors committed by operators.
34. How are resistors and diodes checked using digital multi meter?
For the measurement of various ranges of resistances, ohms convertors is used which is nothing but a low current
source. A known current source is passed through the unknown resistance and the voltage drop across the resistance is
measured. This voltage drop gives the direct measure of the unknown resistance.
35. Explain why it is necessary to make the potential coil circuit purely resistive in watt meters?
The inductance of potential coil can cause error in wattmeter measurement. Hence the inductance of the potential coil
is compensated with a capacitance thus making the potential coil circuit purely resistive
in nature.
36. What are the different methods of measurement of frequency in the power frequency range?
The different methods of measurement of frequency in the power frequency range are:
1. Mechanical resonance type/vibrating reed type frequency meter.
2. Electrical resonance type/ferrodynamic type frequency meter.
3. Weston type frequency meter.
46.What is Psychrometer?
Psychrometer isa device that uses the bulb thermometers to measure humidity. It is also used in air conditioning
systems for maintaining humidity
48.How will you calculate the speed of an induction motor without using tacho meter?
Speed = synch speed-{(slip*synch speed)/100}
49.What is reactance?
Opposition to the flow of alternating current caused by capacitance or inductance