Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

2.6 Practice Questions

1.

We need by parts for this integral since the substitution method will not cancel all of the terms
in the integral. Pick the ln term as u since it can be differentiated.
1
Let = ln , so =

1 1
Let = , so =
2

ln ln
1 1 1 1 1 2
2 = 2 = + = + + 1 = 1
1 1 1 1

2.

The integral can not be solved by substitution (since neither sec 2 nor sec tan appear in the
integral), and it also cannot be simplified by the use of sec 2 = tan2 + 1, so we need to try
the by parts method.
Let = sec , so = sec tan
Let = sec 2 , so = tan

sec 3 = sec tan sec tan2 = sec tan sec (sec 2 1)

= sec tan sec 3 + sec

= sec tan + ln|sec + tan | sec 3

Notice that the integral that we are trying to find appears on the RHS, so those terms are
grouped.

2 sec 3 = sec tan + ln|sec + tan |

1
sec 3 = (sec tan + ln|sec + tan |) +
2

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

3.

d
Integrating by parts with u = tan1 , dv = d, du = , v = , we have
1+ 2

1
tan
1
d = tan1 1+ 2
d tan 1 ln (1 + 2 ) + C.
=
2

4.

5.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

6.

7.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

8.

The substitution method will not work since the compliment to the function inside the square
root term is 2 + 2, not .
The by parts method cannot be applied directly either, since neither choice for will simplify
2
the integral: = =
2
So try simplifying the integral first. Complete the square in the square root term and then try
substitution: 2 + 2 + 4 = ( + 1)2 + 3

2 + 2 + 4 = ( + 1)2 + 3

Let = + 1, so =

( + 1)2 + 3 = ( 1)2 + 3

This lets the one integral be split into 2:

( 1)2 + 3 = 2 + 3 2 + 3

The first integral can be solved by substitution, and the second can be solved by a trig
substitution. Both can be done independently, starting with the first.

Let = 2 + 3 so = 2 =
2
3 3
1 1 2 2 1 2 3
2 + 3 = = = = = ( + 3 )2
2 2 2 3 3 3
2
1 3 1 3
= (( + 1)2 + 3 )2 = ( 2 + 2 + 4 )2
3 3

Let = arctan = 3 tan , so = 3 sec 2
3

2 + 3 = 3 tan2 + 33 sec 2 = 3 sec 2 (sec 2 )

= 3 sec 3

This integral can not be solved by substitution (since neither sec 2 nor sec tan appear in the
integral), and it also cannot be simplified by the use of sec 2 = tan2 + 1, so we need to try
the by parts method.
Let = sec , so = sec tan
Let = sec 2 , so = tan

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

sec 3 = sec tan sec tan2 = sec tan sec (sec 2 1)

= sec tan sec 3 + sec

= sec tan + ln|sec + tan | sec 3

Notice that the integral that we are trying to find appears on the RHS, so those terms are
grouped.

2 sec 3 = sec tan + ln|sec + tan |

1
sec 3 = (sec tan + ln|sec + tan |) +
2
3
2 + 3 = (sec tan + ln|sec + tan |)
2
2 +3
The substitution was = 3 tan , so tan = and sec = ( sec 2 = tan2 + 1)
3 3

3 2 + 3 2 + 3
2 + 3 = + ln +
2 3 3 3 3

1 2 + 2 + 4 + 1
= ( + 1) 2 + 2 + 4 + 3 ln +
2 3 3

2 + 2 + 4 =
1 3
= ( 2 + 2 + 4 )2
2

1 2 + 2 + 4 + 1
( 2
+ 1) + 2 + 4 + 3 ln + +
2 3 3

So overall, the original integral had to be rearranged and a substitution was applied. Two
integrals were formed, needing a second substitution on one and a trigonometric substitution on
the other, which then required a by parts integration. Therefore, once the pieces are put back
together, the solution to the integral has three terms plus a constant of integration.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

9.

3
1
3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 2 = lim 4 2 = lim 3 + = lim 3 + +
1 1 1 1 1
=0
So the integral converges.

10.

The function does not exist (denominator is equal to zero) at 2 so the value of 2 must be
approached from the right, since it is the lower bound.
5
5 5
1 1 2
= lim+ = lim+ = 2 lim+3 2 = 23
2 2 2 2 2 1 2
2
So the interval converges.

11.

1 1
2 = lim 2 = lim [arctan ]1 = lim (arctan arctan 1) =
1 + 1 1 + 1 2 4

=
4
So the integral converges.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

12.

The function does not exist (denominator is equal to zero) at 0 so the value of 0 must be
approached from the left and the right, since it is within the integrals bound.

1
2
1
0 1
1 1 1
= 2
+ 2
+ 2

1 0 1
0
1
1 1 1 1
2
= lim 2
= lim = lim + 1
1 1 1 0 1
0 0

1
1 1
1 1 1 1 1
= lim = lim = lim 1 +
0 2 0+ 2 0+ 0+ 1

1
1 1 1 1
2
= lim 2
= lim = lim 0 + 1
1 1 1 1

1
2 = + +
1
The integral diverges and does not exist.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

3.4 Practice Questions

1.

1
dy = dx
8e y 2
4

1
8e 4
y2
dy = dx

1
4 (
y 1 )= x + C
8e
1
y = 4
8e x + K

2.

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

3.

dy dy 1 1 2x
2
= e 2 x dx 2 = e
2x
dx
= e +C
y y y 2

y(0) = 1 1= 1 + C C= 3
2 2

1 1 2x 3

= e
y 2 2

4.

() = 1, so () = = and () = sin
1
= sin +

sin requires the by parts method

Let = , so =
Let = sin , so = cos

sin = cos + cos

cos requires the by parts method

Let = , so =
Let = cos , so = sin

sin = cos + sin sin

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

Notice that the integral that we are trying to find appears on the RHS, so those terms are
grouped.

2 sin = cos + sin

cos + sin
sin =
2

1 cos + sin sin cos

= + = +
2 2

5.
1 1
1 1
() = , so () = +1 = ln|+1| = ln+1 = and () = 2
+1 +1
1 2 2
= + = ( + 1) +
1 + 1 + 1
+ 1
This new integral can be simplified by performing long division on the polynomial terms:
2 1
= 1 +
+ 1 + 1
These terms can now be easily integrated:
1 2
= ( + 1) 1 + + = ( + 1) + ln| + 1| +
+ 1 2

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 Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

6.

Notice that because of the two terms attached to , this is not a separable equation; it is linear
first order, which is more visible when the terms are rearranged.
( sin ) + = 0
= ( sin )
sin
=


+ = sin

1
() = () = sin

1
() = = ln =
1 1 1
= 1 sin + = sin +


The new integral requires by parts integration:
= , = , = sin , = cos

= cos + cos + = ( cos + sin + ) = 2 cos + sin +

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Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

7.

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Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

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Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

8.

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Prep101 MAT187 T1 Booklet Solutions

9.

dO
Let O be the amount of oil left in the well, we're given that = kO.
dt
O(t ) = Ae kt , we are also given that A = Ae0 k = O(0) = 2000000
so O(t ) = 2000000e kt for some constant k .
If 800000 barrels remain in the well 4 years later, O(4) = 2000000e 4 k = 800000,
ln 2ln 5
ln 2 ln 5 t
k = and O(t ) = 2000000e 4
.
4
ln 2ln 5
t0 4ln10
Then when O(t0 ) = 2000000e 4
= 200000 t0 = .
ln 5 ln 2

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