Soal Latihan Fisika

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 1
1. The SI unit of specific heat capacity is J/kg.K. Determine the dimension of specific heat capacity.
2. The formula of electric charge is Q = I . t with I is electric current and t is time. Determine the
dimension of electric charge.
3. The formula of inertia moment is I = m . r2 with m is mass and r is radius. Determine the
dimension of inertia moment.
4. The SI unit of gravitational constant is Nm 2/kg2. Determine the dimension of gravitational
constant.
5. The SI unit of thermal conductivity is W/m.K. Determine the dimension of thermal conductivity.
6. The formula of electrical voltage is V = W / Q with W is work and Q is electric charge.
Determine the dimension of electrical voltage.
7. The formula of Ohms law is R = V / I with R is resistance, V is electric voltage, and I is electric
current. Determine the dimension of resistance.
8. The formula of resistance is R = l / A with is resistivity, l is length of wire, and A is cross-
sectional area. Determine the dimension of resistivity.
9. The formula of Hookes law is F = k l with F is force, k is constant spring, and l is extension.
Determine the dimension of constant spring.
10. The SI unit of gas constant is J/mol.K. determine the dimension of gas constant.
11. How many miles is a 10 kilometer running race?
12. How many kilometers is a marathon (26.2 miles)
13. The temperature of Liquid Helium is 4 K, express this in degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit.
14. The temperature of Liquid Nitrogen is 100 K, express this in degrees Celsius and degrees
Fahrenheit.
15. The temperature of dry ice is -56.5 Celcius, express this in kelvins and degrees Fahrenheit.
16. Human body temperature is 98.6 Fahrenheit, express this in degrees Celsius and kelvins.
17. The Exxon Valdez spilled about 1 billion gallons of oil, how many liters is this?
18. The volume of a milk carton is 1/2 gallon. How many liters and milliliters is this?
19. The volume of the milk used for school lunch is 1/2 pint. How many liters and milliliters is this?
20. The distance to the moon is 238,855 miles. How many meters is this?
21. The distance from your nose to your fingertips with your arm stretched out is about 1 yard. How
many meters is this? How many cm? How many mm?
22. Convert the following expressions to SI units: a) 16 inches, b) 100 mph, c) 88 ft/s.
23. Convert the following expressions to SI units: a) 5 hours, b) 6 years, c) 10 in/s.
24. Convert the following expressions to SI units: a) 10C, b) -10C.
25. Convert the following expressions to SI units: a) 9.12 s, b) 3.42 km, c) 44 cm/ms, d) 80 km/h.
26. List the following three speed in order, from smallest to largest: 1 m per ms, 1 km per ks, 1 cm
per ms.
27. Round 62.5347 to four significant figures.
28. Round 3.78721 to three significant figures.
29. Round 726.835 to five significant figures.
30. Round 24.8514 to three significant figures.
31. Calculate 2.5 x 3.42.
32. Calculate 3.10 x 4.520.
33. Calculate 2.33 x 6.085 x 2.1.
34. Calculate (4.52 x 104 ) (3.980 x 106 ).
35. Calculate 4.376 + 12.847 6.9.
36. Measure this device.

Convert the numerical value to standard form:

46. 945000000
47. 85600000
48. 13546
49. 0,000000467
50. 0,0000000000243
1. Benjamin watches a thunderstorm from his apartment window. He sees the flash of a lightning
bolt and begins counting the seconds until he hears the clap of thunder 10. s later. Assume that
the speed of sound in air is 340 m/s. How far away was the lightning bolt a) in m? b) in km?
2. On May 28, 2000, Juan Montoya became the first Colombian citizen to win the Indianapolis 500.
Montoya completed the race in a time of 2.98 h. What was Montoyas average speed during the
500.-mi race?
3. The slowest animal ever discovered was a crab found in the Red Sea. It traveled with an average
speed of 5.70 km/y. How long would it take this crab to travel 100. km?
4. Grace is driving her sports car at 30 m/s when a ball rolls out into the street in front of her. Grace
slams on the brakes and comes to a stop in 3.0 s. What was the acceleration of Graces car?
5. Tiffany, who is opening in a new Broadway show, has some limo trouble in the city. With only
8.0 minutes until curtain time, she hails a cab and they speed off to the theater down a 1000.-m-
long one-way street at a speed of 25 m/s. At the end of the street the cab driver waits at a traffic
light for 1.5 min and then turns north onto a 1700.-m.-long traffic-filled avenue on which he is
able to travel at a speed of only 10.0 m/s. Finally, this brings them to the theater. a) Does Tiffany
arrive before the theater lights dim? b) What was the average speed of her?
6. Hans stands at the rim of the Grand Canyon and yodels down to the bottom. He hears his yodel
echo back from the canyon floor 5.20 s later. Assume that the speed of sound in air is 340.0 m/s.
How deep is the canyon at this location?
7. The world speed record on water was set on October 8, 1978 by Ken Warby of Blowering Dam,
Australia. If Ken drove his motorboat a distance of 1000. m in 7.045 s, how fast was his boat
moving a) in m/s? b) in mi/h?
8. According to the World Flying Disk Federation, on April 8, 2000, Jennifer Griffin of
Fredericksburg, Virginia threw a Frisbee for a distance of 138.56 m to capture the womens
record. If the Frisbee was thrown horizontally with a speed of 13.0 m/s, how long did the Frisbee
remain aloft?
9. It is now 10:29 a.m., but when the bell rings at 10:30 a.m. Suzette will be late for French class
for the third time this week. She must get from one side of the school to the other by hurrying
down three different hallways. She runs down the first hallway, a distance of 35.0 m, at a speed
of 3.50 m/s. The second hallway is filled with students, and she covers its 48.0-m length at an
average speed of 1.20 m/s. The final hallway is empty, and Suzette sprints its 60.0-m length at a
speed of 5.00 m/s. Does Suzette make it to class on time or does she get detention for being late
again?
10. A jumbo jet taxiing down the runway receives word that it must return to the gate to pick up an
important passenger who was late to his connecting flight. The jet is traveling at 45.0 m/s when
the pilot receives the message. What is the acceleration of the plane if it takes the pilot 5.00 s to
bring the plane to a halt?
11. While driving his sports car at 20.0 m/s down a four-lane highway, Eddie comes up behind a
slow-moving dump truck and decides to pass it in the left hand lane. If Eddie can accelerate at
5.00 m/s2, how long will it take for him to reach a speed of 30.0 m/s?
12. Vivian is walking to the hairdressers at 1.3 m/s when she glances at her watch and realizes that
she is going to be late for her appointment. Vivian gradually quickens her pace at a rate of 0.090
m/s2. a) What is Vivians speed after 10.0 s? b) At this speed, is Vivian walking, jogging, or
running very fast?
13. In the 2008 Olympics, Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt shocked the world as he ran the 100-meter
dash in 9.69 seconds. Determine Usain's average speed for the race.
14. In last week's Homecoming victory, Al Konfurance, the star halfback of South's football team,
broke a tackle at the line of scrimmage and darted upfield untouched. He averaged 9.8 m/s for an
80-yard (73 m) score. Determine the time for Al to run from the line of scrimmage to the end
zone.
15. Ken Runfast is the star of the cross-country team. During a recent morning run, Ken averaged a
speed of 5.8 m/s for 12.9 minutes. Ken then averaged a speed of 6.10 m/s for 7.1 minutes.
Determine the total distance which Ken ran during his 20 minute jog.
16. In the Funny Car competition at the Joliet Speedway in Joliet, Illinois in October of 2004, John
Force complete the -mile dragster race in a record time of 4.437 seconds. Determine the
average speed of the dragster in mi/hr and m/s. GIVEN: (1.000 mi =1609 m)
17. The Lamborghini Murcielago can accelerate from 0 to 27.8 m/s (100 km/hr or 62.2 mi/hr) in a
time of 3.40 seconds. Determine the acceleration of this car in both m/s/s and mi/hr/s.
18. Homer Agin leads the Varsity team in home runs. In a recent game, Homer hit a 96 mi/hr sinking
curve ball head on, sending it off his bat in the exact opposite direction at 56 mi/hr. The actually
contact between ball and bat lasted for 0.75 milliseconds. Determine the magnitude of the
average acceleration of the ball during the contact with the bat. Express your answer in both
mi/hr/s and in m/s/s. (Given: 1.00 m/s = 2.24 mi/hr)
19. A Formula One car is a single-seat racing car with an open cockpit and substantial wings located
in the front and rear. At high speeds, the aerodynamics of the car help to create a strong
downward force which allows the car to brake from 27.8 m/s (100 km/hr or 62.2 mi/hr) to 0 in as
small of a distance as 17 meters. Determine the deceleration rate (i.e., acceleration) achieved by
such a car.
20. In the qualifying round of the 50-yd freestyle in the sectional swimming championship, Dugan
got an early lead by finishing the first 25.00 yd in 10.01 seconds. Dugan finished the return leg
(25.00 yd distance) in 10.22 seconds. Determine Dugan's average speed for the entire race.
21. During the annual shuffleboard competition, Renee gives her puck an initial speed of 9.32 m/s.
Once leaving her stick, the puck slows down at a rate of -4.06 m/s/s. Determine the time it takes
the puck to slow to a stop.
22. The position-time graph below represents the motion of South's basketball coach during the last
sixteen seconds of overtime during this past weekend's game.
a. Determine the total distance walked by the coach during these 16 seconds.
b. Determine the resulting displacement of the coach during these 16 seconds.
c. What was the average speed of the coach for these 16.0 seconds?
d. What was the average velocity of the coach for these 16.0 seconds?
23. Mr. H is preparing to show the class a Strobe demonstration when he realizes that his absent-
mindedness has struck once more. He left the strobe on the counter in the back of the lab after
the last class period. Starting 1.0 meter from the front of the room, Mr. H walks quickly to the
back of the lab, picks up the strobe and returns to the middle of the classroom. The position-time
graph below represents his motion. Use the graph to answer the next several questions.
a. What is the total distance walked by Mr. H during these 8.0 seconds?
b. What is the total displacement walked by Mr. H during these 8.0 seconds?
c. What is the average speed of Mr. H during these 8.0 seconds?
d. What is the average velocity of Mr. H during these 8.0 seconds?
24. The position-time graph below represents the motion of two students - Mac and Tosh - as they
enter and exit the school library during a passing period.
Use the graph to determine the speeds at which the two students move. (Ignore any stationary
periods of time.) Then determine how much faster the fastest student moves than the slower
student.
25. Renatta Gas did it again. She failed to fill up her tank during the last four weeks. The velocity-
time graph below represents the last six seconds of motion her car before being stranded on a
highway in route to her university.
Use this graph to determine:

a. the acceleration of Renatta's car.
b. the distance traveled during her last 6.0 seconds of motion.
c. the average speed during her last 6.0 seconds of motion.
26. Marcus Tardee is driving his friends to school. With the start of school being only minutes away,
he is unfortunately following a slow garbage truck. The truck finally turns down a side street and
Marcus accelerates to a much more customary speed. The velocity-time graph below represents
his motion. Use the graph to answer the following questions.
a. Determine the distance traveled during the first 4.0 seconds represented on the graph.
b. Determine the acceleration of the car once the garbage truck turned onto the side street.
c. Determine the distance traveled by the car during the last 6.0 seconds of motion.
27. The velocity-time graph below represents the motion of a car on a city street.
Use this graph to determine:

a. The acceleration during first 5.0 seconds.
b. The distance during 25 seconds.
c. The average speed during 25 seconds.
28. After a long soccer practice down at the neighborhood soccer fields, Suzie begins walking up the
steep hill towards her home. She gives her soccer ball a kick up the hill and continues walking
towards it, meeting the ball as it is rolling back down. The velocity-time graph below depicts the
motion of the ball. Use the graph to answer the following questions.
a. What is the acceleration of the ball as it rolls up the hill? down the hill?
b. How far up the hill did the ball roll before it began to roll back down?
c. Determine the total distance traveled by the ball during the 5.00 seconds - both the distance up
the hill and down the hill.
29. Jeremy has recently taken up snowboarding as a hobby. He is practicing making smooth turns
while traveling up sloped inclines. The velocity-time graph below depicts his motion traveling up
an embankment and part-way down. Use the graph to answer the following questions.
a. Determine Jeremy's acceleration at 8.0 seconds.
b. Determine the distance Jeremy traveled from 0.0 to 20.0 seconds.
c. Determine the displacement Jeremy traveled from 0.0 to 20.0 seconds.
30. A Cessna 150 airplane has a takeoff speed of 28 m/s (63 mi/hr). Determine the minimum length
of the runway which would be required for the plane to take off if it averages an acceleration of
1.9 m/s/s.
31. Cynthia competes in luge competitions during the winter months. She rides solo on a small sled
3 inches off the ground down icy slopes, turning only by use of her feet and the shifting of her
weight on the sled. During the initial stage of one downhill luge, Cynthia accelerated from rest at
6.84 m/s/s for 2.39 seconds. Determine the distance she moved during this acceleration phase.
32. Suzie Lavtaski has reached the end of the ski slope and abruptly decelerates from 29.0 m/s to 1.8
m/s in 1.45 seconds. Determine Suzie' acceleration rate and the distance she moved during this
braking period.
33. Julietta and Jackson are playing miniature golf. Julietta's ball rolls into a long. straight upward
incline with a speed of 2.95 m/s and accelerates at -0.876 m/s/s for 1.54 seconds until it reaches
the top of the incline and then continues along an elevated section. Determine the length of the
incline.
34. Rickey Henderson, baseball's record holder for stolen bases, approaches third base. He dives
head first, hitting the ground at 6.75 m/s and reaching the base at 5.91 m/s, accelerating at -5.11
m/s/s. Determine the distance Rickey slides across the ground before touching the base.
35. Win Blonehare and Kent Swimtashore are sailboating in Lake Gustastorm. Starting from rest
near the shore, they accelerate with a uniform acceleration of 0.29 m/s/s, How far are they from
the shore after 18 seconds?
36. For years, the tallest tower in the United States was the Phoenix Shot Tower in Baltimore,
Maryland. The shot tower was used from 1828 to1892 to make lead shot for pistols and rifles and
molded shot for cannons and other instruments of warfare. Molten lead was dropped from the
top of the 234-foot (71.3 meter) tall tower into a vat of water. During its free fall, the lead would
form a perfectly spherical droplet and solidify. Determine the time of fall and the speed of a lead
shot upon hitting the water at the bottom.
37. Captain John Stapp is often referred to as the "fastest man on Earth." In the late 1940s and early
1950s, Stapp ran the U.S. Air Force's Aero Med lab, pioneering research into the accelerations
which humans could tolerate and the types of physiological effects which would result. After
several runs with a 185-pound dummy named Oscar Eightball, Captain Stapp decided that tests
should be conducted upon humans. Demonstrating his valor and commitment to the cause, Stapp
volunteered to be the main subject of subsequent testing.
Manning the rocket sled on the famed Gee Whiz track, Stapp tested acceleration and deceleration
rates in both the forward-sitting and backward-sitting positions. He would accelerate to aircraft
speeds along the 1200-foot track and abruptly decelerate under the influence of a hydraulic
braking system. On one of his most intense runs, his sled decelerated from 282 m/s (632 mi/hr)
to a stop at -201 m/s/s. Determine the stopping distance and the stopping time.
38. According to Guinness, the tallest man to have ever lived was Robert Pershing Wadlow of Alton,
Illinois. He was last measured in 1940 to be 2.72 meters tall (8 feet, 11 inches). Determine the
speed which a quarter would have reached before contact with the ground if dropped from rest
from the top of his head.
39. A California Condor is approaching its nest with a large chunk of carrion in its beak. As it
approaches, it makes an upward swoop, achieving a momentary upward velocity of 12.8 m/s
when the carrion falls from its mouth, hitting a cliff outcropping 32.1 m below. Determine the
speed of the carrion upon hitting the outcropping.
40. During his recent skydiving adventure, Luke Autbeloe had reached a terminal speed of 10.4 m/s
as he approached the ground with his parachute. During an attempt to snap one last photo with
his camera, Luke fumbled it from a height of 52.1 m above the ground.
a. Determine the speed with which the camera hits the ground.
b. Determine the time for the camera to free fall from Luke's hands to the ground.
41. Billy, a mountain goat, is rock climbing on his favorite slope one sunny spring morning when a
rock comes hurtling toward him from a ledge 40.0 m above. Billy ducks and avoids injury. How
fast is the rock traveling when it passes Billy?
42. A baby blue jay sits in a tall tree awaiting the arrival of its dinner. As the mother lands on the
nest, she drops a worm toward the hungry chicks mouth, but the worm misses and falls from the
nest to the ground in 1.50 s. How high up is the nest?
43. A giraffe, who stands 6.00 m tall, bites a branch off a tree to chew on the leaves, and he lets the
branch fall to the ground. How long does it take the branch to hit the ground?
44. The Steamboat Geyser in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming is capable of shooting its hot
water up from the ground with a speed of 48.0 m/s. How high can this geyser shoot?
45. King Kong carries Fay Wray up the 321-m-tall Empire State Building. At the top of the
skyscraper, Fay Wrays shoe falls from her foot. How fast will the shoe be moving when it hits
the ground?
46. How long is Tina, a ballerina, in the air when she leaps straight up with a speed of 1.8 m/s?
47. In order to open the clam it catches, a seagull will drop the clam repeatedly onto a hard surface
from high in the air until the shell cracks. If a seagull flies to a height of 25 m, how long will the
clam take to fall?
48. At Six Flags Great Adventure Amusement Park in New Jersey, a popular ride known as Free
Fall carries passengers up to a height of 33.5 m and drops them to the ground inside a small
cage. How fast are the passengers going at the bottom of this exhilarating journey?
49. A unique type of basketball is played on the planet Zarth. During the game, a player flies above
the basket and drops the ball in from a height of 10 m. If the ball takes 5.0 s to fall, find the
acceleration due to gravity on Zarth.
50. Reverend Northwick climbs to the church belfry one morning to determine the height of the
church. From an outside balcony he drops a book and observes that it takes 2.00 s to strike the
ground below. How high is the balcony of the church belfry?
1. Coach Sweeney walks 26 yards to the north along the sideline, pauses, and walks 12 yards back
to the south.
a. Determine the distance which Coach moved.
b. Determine Coach's resultant displacement.
2. Rosa Boat is paddling upstream at 1.25 m/s relative to the water in a river which is flowing at
0.50 m/s relative to the banks of the river. What is the resultant velocity of Rosa's boat (relative
to the banks)?
3. Jim Nazium is walking from lunch to his PE class. He exits the lunchroom and walks 43 m west.
He then turns and walks 72 m north down the hallway leading to the locker room. Determine the
magnitude and direction of Jim's resultant displacement.
4. On her trip from home to school, Karla drives along three streets after exiting the driveway. She
drives 1.85 miles south, 2.43 miles east and 0.35 miles north. Determine the magnitude of
Karla's resultant displacement.
5. Sheila is captain of the Varsity cross country team. During the after-school practice on Tuesday,
she led the team on the following run from school to a nearby park where they met the coach for
a meeting: 0.68 miles, north; 1.09 miles east; 1.56 miles north; 0.32 miles, west. Determine the
magnitude and direction of the team's resultant displacement.
6. During the Vector Addition lab, Mac and Tosh start at the classroom door and walk 40.0 m,
north, 32.5 m east, 15.5 m south, 68.5 m west, and 2.5 m, north. Determine the magnitude and
direction of the resultant displacement of Mac and Tosh.
7. Ty Ridlegs boards a paddle boat and heads the boat westward directly across a river. The river
flows south at 48 cm/s. Ty paddles the boat with a speed of 98 cm/s. Determine the resultant
velocity of the boat - both magnitude and direction.
8. Glenda and Harold are attempting to cross a river in a kayak. The river flows due east at 1.9 m/s.
Glenda and Harold head the kayak due north and row at 2.4 m/s (relative to the water). The river
is 38 m wide at this location.
a. Determine the resultant velocity of the boat - both magnitude and direction.
b. Determine the time for Glenda and Harold to cross the river.
c. How far downstream will the boat be when Glenda and Harold reach the opposite shore?
9. A weather report shows that a tornado was sighted 12 km south and 23 km west of your town.
The storm is reported to be moving directly towards your town at a velocity of 82 km/hr.
a. What displacement from your town was the tornado sighted?
b. Approximately how much time (in minutes and hours) will elapse before the violent storm
arrives at your town?
10. A laser beam is aimed 15.95 above the horizontal at a mirror 11,648 m away. It glances off the
mirror and continues for an additional 8570. m at 11.44 above the horizon until it hits its target.
What is the resultant displacement of the beam to the target?
11. Three forces act on a point: 3 N at 0, 4 N at 90, and 5 N at 217. What is the net force?
12. A person walks in the following pattern: 3.1 km north, then 2.4 km west, and finally 5.2 km
south. How far and in what direction would a bird fly in a straight line to arrive at the same final
point?
13. A ship set out to sail to a point 120 km due north. An unexpected storm blows the ship to a point
100 km due east of its starting point. How far, and in what direction, must it now sail to reach its
original destination?
14. A plane flies 300 mi. east from city A to city B in 45 min. and then 600 mi. south from city B to
city C in 1.5 h.
a. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the displacement vector that represents the total trip.
b. Calculate the average velocity vector.
15. Seseorang mengendarai mobil pada lintasan yang lurus ke timur menempuh jarak sejauh 60 km.
Selanjutnya, berbelok ke arah 37 antara timur dan selatan sampai menempuh jarak sejauh 50
km. Kemudian, berbelok lagi menuju ke barat hingga menempuh jarak sejauh 70 km. Hitunglah
resultan perpindahannya beserta arahnya.
16. An African elephant can reach heights of 13 feet and possess a mass of as much as 6000 kg.
Determine the weight of an African elephant.
17. Helen is parasailing. She sits in a seat harness which is attached by a tow rope to a speedboat.
The rope makes an angle of 51 with the horizontal and has a tension of 350 N. Determine the
horizontal and vertical components of the tension force.
18. Hector is walking his dog (Fido) around the neighborhood. Upon arriving at Fidella's house (a
friend of Fido's), Fido turns part mule and refuses to continue on the walk. Hector yanks on the
chain with a 67.0 N force at an angle of 30.0 above the horizontal. Determine the horizontal and
vertical components of the tension force.
19. About twenty percent of the National Football League weighs more than 300 pounds. At this
weight, their Body Mass Index (BMI) places them at Grade 2 obesity, which is one step below
morbid obesity. Determine the mass of a 300 pound (1330 N) football player.
20. With fuel prices for combustible engine automobiles increasing, researchers and manufacturers
have given more attention to the concept of an ultralight car. Using carbon composites, lighter
steels and plastics, a fuel-efficient car can be manufactured at 540 kg. How much less does an
ultralight car weigh compared to a 1450-kg Honda Accord (2007)?
21. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, the average mass of an adult American
male is 86 kg. Determine the mass and the weight of an 86-kg man on the moon where the
gravitational field is one-sixth that of the Earth.
22. Captain John Stapp of the U.S. Air Force tested the human limits of acceleration by riding on a
rocket sled of his own design, known as the Gee Whiz. What net force would be required to
accelerate the 82-kg Stapp at 450 m/s/s (the highest acceleration tested by Stapp)?
23. Sophia, whose mass is 52 kg, experienced a net force of 1800 N at the bottom of a roller coaster
loop during her school's physics field trip to the local amusement park. Determine Sophia's
acceleration at this location.
24. The Top Thrill Dragster stratacoaster at Cedar Point Amusement Park in Ohio uses a hydraulic
launching system to accelerate riders from 0 to 54 m/s (120 mi/hr) in 3.8 seconds before
climbing a completely vertical 420-foot hill . Determine the net force required to accelerate an
86-kg man.
25. Determine the net force required to accelerate a 540-kg ultralight car from 0 to 27 m/s (60 mph)
in 10.0 seconds.
26. Determine the net force required to accelerate a 2160-kg Ford Expedition from 0 to 27 m/s (60
mph) in 10.0 seconds.
27. A 5.5 kg block is initially at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface. It is pulled with a constant
horizontal force of 3.8 N.
a. Calculate its acceleration.
b. How long must it be pulled before its speed is 5.2 m/s?
c. How far does it move in this time?
28. In a modified tug-of-war game, two people pull in opposite directions, not on a rope, but on a 25
kg sled resting on an icy road. If the participants exert forces of 90 N and 92 N, what is the
acceleration of the sled?
29. Renee is on Spring Break and pulling her 21-kg suitcase through the airport at a constant speed
of 0.47 m/s. She pulls on the strap with 120 N of force at an angle of 38 above the horizontal.
Determine the normal force and the total resistance force (friction and air resistance) experienced
by the suitcase.
30. An elevator and its load have a combined mass of 1600 kg. Find the tension in the supporting
cable when the elevator, originally moving downward at 12 m/s, is brought to rest with constant
acceleration in a distance of 42 m.
31. A 60 kg woman stands in an elevator that is accelerating downward at 3.1 m/s 2. Calculate the
amount of force she exerts on the elevator floor.
32. Three blocks are connected, as shown below, on a horizontal frictionless table and pulled to the
right with a force of T3 = 65 N. If m1 = 12 kg, m2 = 24 kg, and m3 = 31 kg. calculate (a) the
acceleration of the system and (b) the tensions T1 and T2.
33. Two blocks are in contact on a frictionless table. A horizontal force is applied to one block, as
shown below. If m1 = 2.3 kg, m2 = 1.2 kg, and F = 3.2 N, find the force of contact between the
two blocks.
34. After a lead-off single in the 8th inning, Earl makes an effort to steal second base. As he hits the
dirt on his head first dive, his 73.2 kg body encounters 249 N of friction force. Construct a free
body diagram depicting the types of forces acting upon Earl. Then determine the net force and
acceleration.
35. Moments after making the dreaded decision to jump out the door of the airplane, Darin's 82.5-kg
body experiences 118 N of air resistance. Determine Darin's acceleration at this instant in time.
36. A 0.104-kg model rocket accelerates at 45.9 m/s/s on takeoff. Determine the upward thrust
experienced by the rocket.
37. Brandon is the catcher for the Varsity baseball team. He exerts a forward force on the 0.145-kg
baseball to bring it to rest from a speed of 38.2 m/s. During the process, his hand recoils a
distance of 0.135 m. Determine the acceleration of the ball and the force which is applied to it by
Brandon.
38. Alejandra is attempting to drag her 32.6-kg Golden Retriever across the wooden floor by
applying a horizontal force. What force must she apply to move the dog with a constant speed of
0.95 m/s? The coefficient of friction between the dog and the floor is 0.72.
39. The coefficient of friction between the wheels of Dawson's 1985 Ford Coupe and the dry
pavement is 0.85. Determine the acceleration which the 1300-kg Coupe experiences while
skidding to a stop.
40. Nicholas, Brianna, Dylan and Chloe are practicing their hockey on frozen Bluebird Lake. As
Dylan and Chloe chase after the 0.162 kg puck, it decelerates from 10.5 m/s to 8.8 m/s in 14
seconds.
a. Determine the acceleration of the puck.
b. Determine the force of friction experienced by the puck.
c. Determine the coefficient of friction between the ice and the puck.
41. While skydiving, Dee Selerate opens her parachute and her 53.4-kg body immediately
accelerates upward for an instant at 8.66 m/s/s. Determine the upward force experienced by Dee
during this instant.
42. A 1370-kg car is skidding to a stop along a horizontal surface. The car decelerates from 27.6 m/s
to a rest position in 3.15 seconds. Assuming negligible air resistance, determine the coefficient of
friction between the car tires and the road surface.
43. Dexter Eius is running through the cafeteria when he slips on some mashed potatoes and falls to
the floor. (Let that be a lesson for Dexter.) Dexter lands in a puddle of milk and skids to a stop
with an acceleration of -4.8 m/s/s. Dexter weighs 780 Newtons. Determine the coefficient of
friction between Dexter and the milky floor.
44. The Harrier Jump Jet is a fixed wing military jet designed for vertical takeoff and landing
(VTOL). It is capable of rotating its jets from a horizontal to a vertical orientation in order to
takeoff, land and conduct horizontal maneuvers. Determine the vertical thrust required to
accelerate an 8600-kg Harrier upward at 0.40 m/s/s.
45. A rope is used to pull a 2.89-kg bucket of water out of a deep well.
a. What is the acceleration of the bucket when the tension in the rope is 30.2 N?
b. If starting from rest, what speed will the bucket have after experiencing this force for 2.16
seconds?
46. Kelli and Jarvis are members of the stage crew for the Variety Show. Between acts, they must
quickly move a Baby Grand Piano onto stage. After the curtain closes, they exert a sudden
forward force of 524 N to budge the piano from rest and get it up to speed. The 158-kg piano
experiences 418 N of friction.
a. What is the piano's acceleration during this phase of its motion?
b. If Kelli and Jarvis maintain this forward force for 1.44 seconds, then what speed will the
piano have?
47. Mira and Tariq are lab partners for the Pulley and Bricks Lab. They have determined that the
2.15-kg brick is experiencing a forward tension force of 9.54 N and a friction force of 8.69 N as
it is accelerated across the table top. Construct a free body diagram depicting the types of forces
acting upon the brick. Then determine the net force and acceleration of the brick.
48. A block of mass m1 = 3.7 kg on a smooth inclined plane of angle 30 is connected by a cord over
a small frictionless pulley to a second block of mass m 2 = 2.3 kg hanging vertically. (a) Calculate
the acceleration of each block. (b) Calculate the tension in the cord.
49. A 100 kg crate is pushed at constant speed up the frictionless 30 ramp shown below. (a) What
horizontal force F is required? (b) What force is exerted by the ramp on the crate?
50. Block m1 has a mass of 4.0 kg and m 2 has a mass of 2.0 kg. The coefficient of friction between
m2 and the horizontal plane is 0.50. The inclined plane is smooth. Find (a) the tension in the
string and (b) the acceleration of the blocks.
1. What is the kinetic energy of a jogger with a mass of 65.0 kg traveling at a speed of 2.5 m/s?
2. What is the mass of a baseball that has a kinetic energy of 100 J and is traveling at 5 m/s?
3. What is the kinetic energy of a 0.5 kg soccer ball that is traveling at a speed of 3 m/s?
4. What is the kinetic energy of a 1 kg pie travelling at a speed of 4 m/s?
5. What is the kinetic energy of the pie if it is thrown at 10 m/s?
6. A student is hit with a 1 kg pumpkin pie. The kinetic energy of the pie 32 J. What was the speed
of the pie?
7. Find the gravitational potential energy of a light that has a mass of 13.0 kg and is 4.8 m above
the ground.
8. An apple in a tree has a gravitational potential energy of 175 J and a mass of 0.36 g. How high
from the ground is the apple?
9. A marble is on a table 2.4 m above the ground. What is the mass of the marble if it has a GPE of
568 J.
10. A box with a mass of 12.5 kg sits on the floor. How high would you need to lift it for it to have a
GPE of 355 J?
11. A cart at the top of a 300 m hill has a mass of 40 kg. What is the carts gravitational potential
energy?
12. Examine the graphic below.
a. What is the gravitational potential energy of the 6 kg cart as it sits the the top of the incline?
b. What is the KINETIC ENERGY of the cart if it is moving at a speed of 2 m/s at the bottom of
the ramp?
13. A box rests on a horizontal, frictionless surface. A girl pushes on the box with a force of 18 N to
the right and a boy pushes on the box with a force of 12 N to the left. The box moves 4.0 m to
the right. Find the work done by (a) the girl, (b) the boy, and (c) the net force.
14. A 52-kg skier moves down a slope at a speed of 14.0 m/s (31.3 mph). Determine the kinetic
energy of the skier.
15. A 2000-kg car is at rest on a level frictionless track. A constant force acts on it for one-half
second, after which the car is moving with a speed of 0.20 m/s. Find (a) the magnitude of the
force, (b) the kinetic energy of the car, (c) the work done on the car, and (d) the displacement of
the car.
16. A 30 g bullet, initially traveling 500 m/s, penetrates 12 cm into a solid wall. (a) Calculate the
work done by the wall in stopping the bullet. (b) Assume that the force of the wall on the bullet is
constant and calculate its value.
17. The loaded cab of an elevator has a mass of 3.0 x 10 3 kg and moves 200 m up the shaft in 20 s at
constant speed. At what average rate does the cable do work on the cab?
18. A swimmer moves through the water at a speed of 0.22 m/s. The drag force opposing this motion
is 110 N. What power is developed by the swimmer?
19. You drop a physics textbook, whose mass is 2.0 kg, to a friend who is standing on the ground 10
m below. (a) Calculate the potential energy of the book just before you release it. (b) Calculate
its kinetic energy just before your friend catches it in her outstretched hands, which are 1.5 m
above the ground level. (c) How fast is the book moving as it is caught?
20. A projectile whose mass is 9.4 kg is fired vertically upward. On its upward flight, an energy of
68 kJ is dissipated because of air resistance. How much higher would it have gone if the air
resistance had been made negligible?
21. Renatta Gass is out with her friends. Misfortune occurs and Renatta and her friends find
themselves getting a workout. They apply a cumulative force of 1080 N to push the car 218 m to
the nearest fuel station. Determine the work done on the car.
22. Hans Full is pulling on a rope to drag his backpack to school across the ice. He pulls upwards
and rightwards with a force of 22.9 Newtons at an angle of 35 degrees above the horizontal to
drag his backpack a horizontal distance of 129 meters to the right. Determine the work (in
Joules) done upon the backpack.
23. Lamar Gant, U.S. powerlifting star, became the first man to deadlift five times his own body
weight in 1985. Deadlifting involves raising a loaded barbell from the floor to a position above
the head with outstretched arms. Determine the work done by Lamar in deadlifting 300 kg to a
height of 0.90 m above the ground.
24. Sheila has just arrived at the airport and is dragging her suitcase to the luggage check-in desk.
She pulls on the strap with a force of 190 N at an angle of 35 to the horizontal to displace it 45
m to the desk. Determine the work done by Sheila on the suitcase.
25. During the Powerhouse lab, Jerome runs up the stairs, elevating his 102 kg body a vertical
distance of 2.29 meters in a time of 1.32 seconds at a constant speed.
a. Determine the work done by Jerome in climbing the stair case.
b. Determine the power generated by Jerome.
26. A new conveyor system at the local packaging plan will utilize a motor-powered mechanical arm
to exert an average force of 890 N to push large crates a distance of 12 meters in 22 seconds.
Determine the power output required of such a motor.
27. The Taipei 101 in Taiwan is a 1667-foot tall, 101-story skyscraper. The skyscraper is the home of
the worlds fastest elevator. The elevators transport visitors from the ground floor to the
Observation Deck on the 89th floor at speeds up to 16.8 m/s. Determine the power delivered by
the motor to lift the 10 passengers at this speed. The combined mass of the passengers and cabin
is 1250 kg.
28. The first asteroid to be discovered is Ceres. It is the largest and most massive asteroid is our solar
systems asteroid belt, having an estimated mass of 3.0 x 10 21 kg and an orbital speed of 17900
m/s. Determine the amount of kinetic energy possessed by Ceres.
29. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 124 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had
twice the mass and was moving at the same speed?
30. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 254 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had the
same mass and was moving with twice the speed?
31. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 173 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had a
half the mass and was moving with twice the speed?
32. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 218 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had the
same mass and was moving with a half the speed?
33. A bicycle has a kinetic energy of 164 J. What kinetic energy would the bicycle have if it had
three times the mass and was moving with a half the speed?
34. A 78-kg skydiver has a speed of 62 m/s at an altitude of 870 m above the ground.
a. Determine the kinetic energy possessed by the skydiver.
b. Determine the potential energy possessed by the skydiver.
c. Determine the total mechanical energy possessed by the skydiver.
35. Li Ping Phar, the esteemed Chinese ski jumper, has a mass of 59.6 kg. He is moving with a speed
of 23.4 m/s at a height of 44.6 meters above the ground. Determine the total mechanical energy
of Li Ping Phar.
36. Chloe leads Souths varsity softball team in hitting. In a game against New Greer Academy this
past weekend, Chloe slugged the 181-gram softball so hard that it cleared the outfield fence and
landed on Lake Avenue. At one point in its trajectory, the ball was 28.8 m above the ground and
moving with a speed of 19.7 m/s. Determine the total mechanical energy of the softball.
37. Suzie Lavtaski (m=56 kg) is skiing at Bluebird Mountain. She is moving at 16 m/s across the
crest of a ski hill located 34 m above ground level at the end of the run.
a. Determine Suzie's kinetic energy.
b. Determine Suzie's potential energy relative to the height of the ground at the end of the run.
c. Determine Suzie's total mechanical energy at the crest of the hill.
38. Nicholas is at The Noah's Ark Amusement Park and preparing to ride on The Point of No Return
racing slide. At the top of the slide, Nicholas (m=72.6 kg) is 28.5 m above the ground.
a. Determine Nicholas' potential energy at the top of the slide.
b. Determine Nicholas's kinetic energy at the top of the slide.
c. Determine Nicholas's total mechanical energy as he arrives at the bottom of the slide.
39. Ima Scaarred (m=56.2 kg) is traveling at a speed of 12.8 m/s at the top of a 19.5-m high roller
coaster loop.
a. Determine Ima's kinetic energy at the top of the loop.
b. Determine Ima's potential energy at the top of the loop.
c. Determine Ima's total mechanical energy at the bottom of the loop.
40. Justin Thyme is traveling down Lake Avenue at 32.8 m/s in his 1510-kg 1992 Camaro. He spots
a police car with a radar gun and quickly slows down to a legal speed of 20.1 m/s.
a. Determine the initial kinetic energy of the Camaro.
b. Determine the kinetic energy of the Camaro after slowing down.
c. Determine the amount of work done on the Camaro during the deceleration.
41. Pete Zaria works on weekends at Barnaby's Pizza Parlor. His primary responsibility is to fill
drink orders for customers. He fills a pitcher full of Cola, places it on the counter top and gives
the 2.6-kg pitcher a 8.8 N forward push over a distance of 48 cm to send it to a customer at the
end of the counter. The coefficient of friction between the pitcher and the counter top is 0.28.
a. Determine the work done by Pete on the pitcher during the 48 cm push.
b. Determine the work done by friction upon the pitcher.
c. Determine the total work done upon the pitcher.
42. Paige is the tallest player on South's Varsity volleyball team. She is in spiking position when
Julia gives her the perfect set. The 0.226-kg volleyball is 2.29 m above the ground and has a
speed of 1.06 m/s.
a. Determine the potential energy of the ball.
b. Determine the kinetic energy of the ball.
c. Determine the total mechanical energy of the ball.
43. Nolan Ryan reportedly had the fastest pitch in baseball, clocked at 100.9 mi/hr (45.0 m/s) If such
a pitch had been directed vertically upwards at this same speed, then to what height would it
have traveled?
44. In the Incline Energy lab, partners Anna Litical and Noah Formula give a 1.00-kg cart an initial
speed of 2.35 m/s from a height of 0.125 m above the lab table. Determine the speed of the cart
when it is located 0.340 m above the lab table.
45. In April of 1976, Chicago Cub slugger Dave Kingman hit a home run which cleared the Wrigley
Field fence and hit a house located 530 feet (162 m) from home plate. Suppose that the 0.145-kg
baseball left Kingman's bat at 92.7 m/s and that it lost 10% of its original energy on its flight
through the air. Determine the speed of the ball when it cleared the stadium wall at a height of
25.6 m.
46. Dizzy is speeding along at 22.8 m/s as she approaches the level section of track near the loading
dock of the Whizzer roller coaster ride. A braking system abruptly brings the 328-kg car (rider
mass included) to a speed of 2.9 m/s over a distance of 5.55 meters. Determine the braking force
applied to Dizzy's car.
47. A 6.8-kg toboggan is kicked on a frozen pond, such that it acquires a speed of 1.9 m/s. The
coefficient of friction between the pond and the toboggan is 0.13. Determine the distance which
the toboggan slides before coming to rest.
48. Connor (m=76.0 kg) is competing in the state diving championship. He leaves the springboard
from a height of 3.00 m above the water surface with a speed of 5.94 m/s in the upward
direction. Determine Connor's speed when he strikes the water.
49. Dino Dude is peacefully floating over the water when a big blue bird pops his balloons, causing
Dino Dude to fall 10 m before crashing into the water. If Dino Dude has a mass of 20 kg, what is
his velocity immediately before impact with the water?
50. Applied force vs. position graph of an object is given below. Find the work done by the forces on
the object.
1. You have a rock with a volume of 15 cm3 and a mass of 45 g. What is its density?
2. You have a different rock with a volume of 30 cm3 and a mass of 60 g. What is its density?
3. You decide you want to carry a boulder home from the beach. It is 30 centimeters on each side,
and so has a volume of 27,000 cm3. It is made of granite, which has a typical density of 2.8
g/cm3. How much will this boulder weigh?
4. Rocks are sometimes used along coasts to prevent erosion. If a rock needs to weigh 2,000
kilograms (about 2 tons) in order not to be shifted by waves, how big (what volume) does it need
to be? You are using basalt, which has a typical density of 3200 kg/m3.
5. A golden-colored cube is handed to you. The person wants you to buy it for $100, saying that is a
gold nugget. You pull out your old geology text and look up gold in the mineral table, and read
that its density is 19.3 g/cm3. You measure the cube and find that it is 2 cm on each side, and
weighs 40 g. What is its density? Is it gold?
6. A solid ball has a mass of 50 grams and a volume of 20 cm3. What is the density?
7. A solid ball has a mass of 100 grams and a radius of 2 cm. What is the density?
8. A solid cylinder has a radius of 2 cm and a length of 7 cm. It has a density of 3.1 g/cm 3. What is
the mass of the cylinder?
9. What is the density of a piece of wood that has a mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm3?
10. A piece of wood that measures 3.0 cm by 6.0 cm by 4.0 cm has a mass of 80.0 grams. What is
the density of the wood? Would the piece of wood float in water? (volume = L x W x H)
11. I threw a plastic ball in the pool for my dog to fetch. The mass of the ball was 125 grams. What
must the volume be to have adensity of 0.500 g/mL.
12. What is the mass of a cylinder of lead that is 2.50 cm in diameter, and 5.50 cm
long. The density of lead is 11.4 g/mL and thevolume of a cylinder is .

13. An ice cube measuring 5.80 cm by 5.80 cm by 5.80 cm has a density of 0.917 g/mL. What is the
mass?
14. Gasoline is a non-polar liquid that will float on water. 450 grams of gasoline is spilled into a
puddle of water. If the density of gasoline is 0.665 g/mL, what volume of gasoline is spilled?
15. The density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL. If the mass of a piece of aluminum is 244 grams, what is
the volume of the aluminum?
16. A lucite cube has a mass of 142.5 g and a width of 4.9 cm. Determine its density in kg/m3.
17. Calculate the density in g/mL of 30 mL of solution that weighs 120 grams.
18. Calculate the density in g/mL of 0.4 L of solution weighing 150 grams.
19. Calculate the density in g/mL of 3000 mL of solution weighing 6 kg.
20. You make a cake that has a mass of 300 grams and fits in a cake pan that is 30 by 10 by 6.0
centimeters cubed. What is the density of the cake?
21. Calculate the pressure produced by a force of 800 N acting on an area of 2.0 m2.
22. The pressure of a gas contained in a cylinder with a movable piston is 300 Pa. The area of the
piston is 0.5 m2. Calculate the force that is exerted on the piston.
23. A swimming pool of width 9.0 m and length 24.0 m is filled with water to a depth of 3.0 m.
Calculate pressure on the bottom of the pool due to the water.
24. What is the pressure on the side wall of the pool at the junction with the bottom of the pool in the
problem 23?
25. What is the total force on the bottom of the pool due to the water in the problem 23?
26. The pressure of a gas in a cylinder with a movable piston is increased from 40.0 kPa to 60.0 kPa
while the temperature of the gas is held constant. If the original volume of the gas in the cylinder
was 0.9 m3 determine the final volume of the gas after the pressure is increased.
27. A block of wood of mass 3.5 kg floats in water. Calculate the buoyant force on the block.
28. A floating object displaces 0.6 m3 of water. Calculate the buoyant force on the object and the
weight of the object.
29. A pipe of cross sectional area 80 cm 2 has a constriction where the area is reduced to 20 cm 2. If
the velocity of the fluid in the larger area is 0.3 m/s what is the velocity of the fluid in the
constricted region?
30. The pipe in the problem 29 is horizontal. If the pressure in the larger area region is measured as
20 kPa what is the pressure in the constricted region?
31. A box has a weight of 120 lbs and the bottom of the box is 12 in 2. What is the pressure the box
exerts on the floor?
32. A bronze statue weighs 2400 Newtons and has a base that is 4 meters by meter. What is the
pressure the statue exerts on the floor?
33. The base of a box is 12 inches by 10 inches. It weighs 360 pounds. What is the pressure exerted
on the floor by the box?
34. What is the weight of an object that has a base which is 3 square inches and which exerts a
pressure of 21 pounds per square inch?
35. What does a car weigh if its tires cover an area of 4 square feet and each tire exerts a pressure of
1000 pounds per square foot on the ground?
36. A round tube weighs 30 lbs. If the tube is stood on end it pushes down on the floor with a
pressure of 2 lbs/in2. How many square inches is the end of the tube?
37. The pressure a box pushes down on the floor is 50 lbs/in 2. If the box weighs 400 lbs what is the
area of the base of the box?
38. A motorcycle weighs 1500 lbs. If the pressure the tires exert on the road is 150 lbs per square
inch what is the area of the tire in contact with the road? (hint: there are two tires)
39. If the inside of a container has a surface area of 20 in 2, what will be the pressure on each square
inch of the container if 117.6 pounds of force are applied to the container?
40. A box that is 2in x 2in x 2in size would need to weigh how much in order to create a pressure of
32 lbs/in2 on the floor?
41. A gas occupies 1.56 L at 1.00 atm. What will be the volume of this gas if the pressure becomes
3.00 atm?
42. A gas occupies 11.2 liters at 0.860 atm. What is the pressure if the volume becomes 15.0 L?
43. A gas occupies 4.31 liters at a pressure of 0.755 atm. Determine the volume if the pressure is
increased to 1.25 atm.
44. 600.0 mL of a gas is at a pressure of 8.00 atm. What is the volume of the gas at 2.00 atm?
45. 400.0 mL of a gas are under a pressure of 800.0 torr. What would the volume of the gas be at a
pressure of 1000.0 torr?
46. 4.00 L of a gas are under a pressure of 6.00 atm. What is the volume of the gas at 2.00 atm?
47. A sample of gas has a volume of 12.0 L and a pressure of 1.00 atm. If the pressure of gas is
increased to 2.00 atm, what is the new volume of the gas?
48. A container of oxygen has a volume of 30.0 mL and a pressure of 4.00 atm. If the pressure of the
oxygen gas is reduced to 2.00 atm and the temperature is kept constant, what is the new volume
of the oxygen gas?
49. A tank of nitrogen has a volume of 14.0 L and a pressure of 760.0 mm Hg. Find the volume of
the nitrogen when its pressure is changed to 400.0 mm Hg while the temperature is held
constant.
50. A 40.0 L tank of ammonia has a pressure of 8.00 atm. Calculate the volume of the ammonia if its
pressure is changed to 12.0 atm while its temperature remains constant.
51. An object weighs 36 g in air and has a volume of 8.0 cm3. What will be its apparent weight
when immersed in water?
52. A balloon having a volume of 5.000 L is placed on a sensitive balance which registers a weight
of 2.833 g. What is the "true weight" of the balloon if the density of the air is 1.294 g/L?
53. A piece of metal weighs 9.25 g in air, 8.20 g in water, and 8.36 g when immersed in gasoline.
a. What is the density of the metal?
b. What is the density of the gasoline?
54. A ball of mass 2 kg having diameter of 50 cm falls in the swimming pool. Calculate its buoyant
force and volume of water displaced.
55. If a stone of mass 250 g is thrown in water. Calculate the buoyant force acting on it?
56. A hydraulic system is used to lift a 2000-kg vehicle in an auto garage. If the vehicle sits on a
piston of area 0.5 square meter, and a force is applied to a piston of area 0.03 square meters, what
is the minimum force that must be applied to lift the vehicle?
57. In a hydraulic system, a piston with a cross-sectional area of 21 square centimeters pushes on an
incompressible liquid with a force of 38 newtons. The far end of the hydraulic pipe connects to a
second piston with a cross-sectional surface area of 100 square centimeters. What is the force on
the second piston?
58. In a car lift compresses air exerts a force F1 on a small piston having a radius of 5 cm.This
pressure is transmitted to a second piston of radius 15 cm.If the mass of the car to be lifted is
1350 kg,what is F1? What is the pressure necessary to accomplish this task?
59. Given U-pipe filled with water to measure the density of a fluid that then is dropped into the
right side of U-pipe.
Find the density of the fluid.

60. A hydraulic lift with piston diameters D1 and D2 as shown below.
D1 = 5 cm2 and D2 = 15 cm2. If the weight of the block w = 1800 N, find the minimum force F to
lift up the weight w.
1. Convert the following numbers from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit.

35C, 65C, 80C, 105C, 130C, -15C, -40C, 200C
2. Convert the following numbers from degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celcius.
140F, -31F, 104F, 95F, 266F, -76F, -157F, 347F
3. Convert the following numbers from degrees Celsius to degrees Reamur.
55C, 70C, -35C, 135C, 315C, 170C, -80C, -125C
4. Convert the following numbers from degrees Celsius to Kelvin.
143C, 52C, 76C, 47C, 147C, -34C, -87C, -103C
5. Convert the following numbers from degrees Reamur to degrees Celcius.
84R, -132R, 68R, 144R, 204R, -176R, -48R, -36R
6. Complete these table below.
C R F K
85 .... .... ....
.... 64 .... ....
.... .... 194 ....
.... .... .... 338
40 .... .... ....
7. Andhika makes this thermometer which called a GAJ thermometer. In this thermometer, this
melting point is 15GAJ and this boiling point is 165GAJ. If this reading a temperature is
75GAJ, find this reading a temperature in thermometer: Celcius, Reamur, Fahrenheit, and
Kelvin.
8. The layer of the sun that we see is called the photosphere. It has a temperature of 5600 K. What
is the suns temperature a) in degrees Celsius? b) in degrees Fahrenheit?
9. The barium-yttrium ceramic compound used to demonstrate superconductivity will work only if
supercooled to a temperature of 125 K. What is the equivalent temperature a) in C? b) in F?
10. The highest temperature ever recorded on Earth was 136.4F at Al Aziziyah, Libya, on
September 13, 1922. The lowest temperature ever recorded was -128.6F at Vostok, Antarctica,
on July 22, 1983. Calculate both of these temperatures in degrees Celsius.
11. Ernesto is knitting his wife a sweater in his 18C air-conditioned living room with 0.30-m-long
aluminum knitting needles, when he decides to knit outside in the 27C air. How much will the
knitting needles expand when Ernesto takes them outside? (aluminum = 24 x 10-6 /C)
12. The coefficient of linear expansion of lead is 29 x 10 -6 K-1. What change in temperature will
cause a 5-m long lead bar to change in length by 3.0 mm?
13. A round hole of 6.000 cm in diameter at 0 C is cut in a sheet of brass (alpha = 0.000018 /C).
Find the new diameter of the hole at 50 C.
14. A metal rod is 200.00 cm long at 0 C and 200.18 cm long at 60 C. What is its coefficient of
linear expansion?
15. A metal vessel has a volume of 500.00 cm^3 at 0 C. If the coefficient of linear expansion is
0.000011 /C, what is the volume at 50 C?
16. Jacques, the French chef, is kneading the dough for French bread in his 21C kitchen. He places
the dough on a 0.40-m x 0.60-m aluminum cookie sheet. If the oven temperature is 177C, how
much does the cookie sheet expand in area while it is in the oven? (aluminum = 24 x 10-6 /C)
17. Selena has a fire in the fireplace to warm her 20.C apartment. She realizes that she has left the
iron poker in the fire. How hot is the fire if the 0.60-m poker lengthens 0.30 cm? ( iron = 12 x 10-6
/C)
18. A thermometer contains 0.50 cm3 of mercury at room temperature (21C) when Pilar takes it into
the physics lab for an experiment. By how much does the volume of mercury in the thermometer
change after it sits in an 80C beaker of water? (mercury = 18 x 10-5 /C)
19. A vertical steel antenna tower is 200 m high. Calculate the change in height of the tower that
takes place when the temperature changes from -20 C on a winter day to 30 C on a summer day.
(steel = 12 x 10-6 /C)
20. A circular hole of diameter 2.00 cm is made in an aluminium plate at 0 0C .what will be the
diameter at 1000C? (aluminum = 24 x 10-6 /C)
21. A 15.75-g piece of iron absorbs 1086.75 joules of heat energy, and its temperature changes from
25C to 175C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron.
22. How many joules of heat are needed to raise the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 22C
to 55C, if the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/gC?
23. To what temperature will a 50.0 g piece of glass raise if it absorbs 5275 joules of heat and its
specific heat capacity is 0.50 J/gC? The initial temperature of the glass is 20.0C.
24. Calculate the specific heat capacity of a piece of wood if 1500.0 g of the wood absorbs 6.7510 4
joules of heat, and its temperature changes from 32C to 57C.
25. 100.0 mL of 4.0C water is heated until its temperature is 37C. If the specific heat of water is
4.18 J/gC, calculate the amount of heat energy needed to cause this rise in temperature.
26. 25.0 g of mercury is heated from 25C to 155C, and absorbs 455 joules of heat in the process.
Calculate the specific heat capacity of mercury.
27. What is the specific heat capacity of silver metal if 55.00 g of the metal absorbs 47.3 calories of
heat and the temperature rises 15.0C?
28. If a sample of chloroform is initially at 25C, what is its final temperature if 150.0 g of
chloroform absorbs 1.0 kilojoules of heat, and the specific heat of chloroform is 0.96 J/gC?
29. Peter is heating water on the stove to boil eggs for a picnic. How much heat is required to raise
the temperature of his 10.0-kg vat of water from 20.0C to 100.0C? (cwater = 4187 J/kgC)
30. What is the specific heat of a substance that absorbs 2500 joules of heat when a sample of 100 g
of the substance increases in temperature from 10 C to 70C?
31. If 200 grams of water is to be heated from 24.0C to 100.0C to make a cup of tea, how much
heat must be added? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/gC
32. How many grams of water would require 2200 joules of heat to raise its temperature from 34C
to 100C? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/gC
33. A block of aluminum weighing 140 g is cooled from 98.4C to 62.2C with the release of 1080
joules of heat. From this data, calculate the specific heat of aluminum.
34. 100.0 mL of 4.0C water is heated until its temperature is 37C. If the specific heat of water is
4.18 J/gC, calculate the amount of heat energy needed to cause this rise in temperature.
35. A total of 54.0 joules of heat are absorbed as 58.3 g of lead is heated from 12.0C to 42.0C.
From these data, what is the specific heat of lead?
36. The specific heat of wood is 2.03 J/gC. How much heat is needed to convert 550 g of wood at
-15.0C to 10.0C?
37. What is the total amount of heat needed to change 2.25 kg of silver at 0.0C to 200.0C? The
specific heat of silver is 0.129 J/gC
38. Granite has a specific heat of 800 J/gC. What mass of granite is needed to store 150,000 J of
heat if the temperature of the granite is to be increased by 15.5C?
39. A 55 kg block of metal has an original temperature of 15.0C and 0.45 J/gC. What will be the
final temperature of this metal if 450 J of heat energy are added?
40. Hypothermia can occur if the body temperature drops to 35.0C, although people have been
known to survive much lower temperatures. On January 19, 1985, 2-year-old Michael Trode was
found in the snow near his Milwaukee home with a body temperature of 16.0C. If Michaels
mass was 10.0 kg, how much heat did his body lose, assuming his normal body temperature was
37.0C? (chuman body = 3470 J/kgC)
41. How much heat energy is required to change 2 kg of ice at 0C into water at 20C? [Specific
latent heat of fusion of water = 334 000 J/kg; specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/(kg K).]
42. Starting at 20C, how much heat is required to heat 0.3 kg of aluminum to its melting point and
then to convert it all to liquid? [Specific heat capacity of aluminium = 900J kg -1 C-1; Specific
latent heat of aluminium = 321,000 Jkg-1, Melting point of aluminium = 660C]
43. How much heat must be removed by a refrigerator from 2 kg of water at 70 C to convert it to
ice cubes at -11C? [Specific heat capacity of water = 4200J kg -1 C-1; Specific latent heat of
fusion of ice = 334,000 Jkg-1, specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 J/(kg K)]
Substance Heat of Fusion (J/kg) Heat of Vaporization (J/kg)
water 3.3 x 105 2.3 x 106

alcohol (ethyl) 1.4 x 104 8.5 x 105
alcohol (methyl) 6.8 x 104 1.1 x 105
gold 6.3 x 104 1.6 x 105
lead 2.5 x 104 8.7 x 105
mercury 1.2 x 104 2.7 x 105
silver 8.8 x 104 2.4 x 106
nitrogen 2.5 x 104 2.0 x 105
oxygen 1.4 x 104 2.1 x 105
44. How much heat is given off when 3.2 kg of water freeze? Assume the temperature stays constant
at 0C.
45. How much heat is required to change 2.5 kg of water at 20.0 C to steam at 150 C?
46. How much heat is needed to change 2.0 kg of silver at 20. C into liquid silver? Silver melts at
961C.
47. How much heat is needed to change .50kg of ice at 20.C into steam at 120C?
48. How much heat is released when 500.g of steam at 250 C is cooled to ice at 40. C?
49. How much heat must be added to a 25g ice cube at 0C to change it to water at 0C?
50. How much heat is needed to change 0.10kg of ice at 20.C. to steam at 110C?
(specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 J/kgC, specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J/kgC, specific
heat capacity of steam = 2000 J/kgC)
1. A wave with a frequency of 14 Hz has a wavelength of 3 meters. At what speed will this wave
travel?
2. The speed of a wave is 65 m/sec. If the wavelength of the wave is 0.8 meters, what is the
frequency of the wave?
3. A wave has a frequency of 46 Hz and a wavelength of 1.7 meters. What is the speed of this
wave?
4. A wave traveling at 230 m/sec has a wavelength of 2.1 meters. What is the frequency of this
wave?
5. A wave with a frequency of 500 Hz is traveling at a speed of 200 m/s. What is the wavelength?
6. A wave has a frequency of 540 Hz and is traveling at 340 m/s. What is its wavelength?
7. A wave has a wavelength of 125 meters is moving at a speed of 20 m/s. What is its frequency?
8. A wave has a frequency of 900 Hz and a wavelength of 200 m. At what speed is this wave
travelling?
9. A wave has a wavelength of 0.5 meters and a frequency of 120 Hz. What is the waves speed?
10. Radio waves travel at a speed of 300,000,000 m/s. WFNX broadcasts radio waves at a frequency
of 101,700,000 Hertz. What is the wavelength of WFNXs radio waves?
11. A wave has frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10 m. What is the speed of the wave?
12. A wave has frequency of 5 Hz and a speed of 25 m/s. What is the wavelength of the wave?
13. A wave has wavelength of 10 m and a speed of 340 m/s. What is the frequency of the wave?
14. A tuning fork has a frequency of 280 hertz, and the wavelength of the sound produced is 1.5
metres. Calculate the velocity of the wave?
15. A wave is moving towardshore with a velocity of 5.0 m/s. If its frequency is 2.5 hertz, what is its
wavelength?
16. The speed of light is 3.0 x 108 m/s. Red light has a wavelength of 7 x 10 -7 m. What is its
frequency?
17. The frequency of violet light is 7.5 x 1014 hertz. What is its wavelength?
18. A jump rope is shaken producing a wave with a wavelength of 0.5 m with the crest of the wave
passing a certain point 4 times per second. What is the velocity of the wave?
19. Waves in a lake are 6 m apart and pass a person on a raft every 2 s. What is the frequency,
period, wavelength, and speed of the waves?
20. A buoy bobs up and down in the ocean. The wave have a wavelength of 2.5 m, and they pass the
buoy at a speed of 4.0 m/s. What is the frequency of the waves? How much time does it take for
one wave to pass under the buoy?
21. A sound wave with a frequency of 60.0 Hz travels through steel with a wavelength of 85.5 m.
What is the speed of this wave?
22. Yellow light with a wavelength of 589 nm travels through quartz glass with a speed of 1.94 x 10 8
m/s. What is the frequency of the light?
23. Earthquakes generate shock waves that travel through Earths interior. The fastest of these waves
are longitudinal waves called primary waves, or p-waves. A p-waves has a very low frequency,
typically around 0.050 Hz. If the speed of a p-wave with this frequency is 8.0 km/s, what is its
wavelength?
24. Earthquakes also produce transverse waves that move more slowly than p-waves. These waves
are called secondary waves, or s-waves. If the wavelength of an s-waves is 2.3 x 10 4 m, and its
speed is 4.5 km/s, what is its frequency?
25. A certain FM radio station broadcasts electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 9.05 x 10 7 Hz.
These radio waves travel at a speed of 3.00 x 10 8 m/s. What is the wavelength of these radio
waves?
26. A dog whistle is designed to produce a sound with a frequency beyond that which can be heard
by humans (between 20 000 Hz and 27 000 Hz). If a particular whistle produces a sound with a
frequency of 2.5 x 104 Hz, what is the sounds wavelength? Assume the speed of sound in air is
331 m/s.
27. The lowest pitch that the average human can hear has a frequency of 20.0 Hz. If sound with this
frequency travels through air with a speed of 331 m/s, what is its wavelength?
28. A 10.0 m wire is hung from a high ceiling and held tightly below by a large mass. Standing
waves are created in the wire by air currents that pass over the wire, setting it in motion. If the
speed of the standing wave is 335 m/s and its frequency is 67 Hz, what is its wavelength?
29. Sonar is a device that uses reflected sound waves to measure underwater depths. If a sonar signal
has a frequency of 288 Hz and the speed of sound in water is 1.45 x 10 3 m/s, what is the
wavelength of the sonar signal?
30. Cicadas produce a buzzing sound that has a wavelength in air of 2.69 m. If the speed of sound in
air is 346 m/s, what is the frequency of the sound produced by a cicada? What is its period?
31. A drum is struck, producing a wave with a wavelength of 110 cm and a speed of 2.42 x 10 4 m/s.
What is the frequency of the wave? What is the period?
32. One of the largest organ pipes is in the auditorium organ in the convention hall in Atlantic City,
New Jersey. The pipe is 38.6 ft long and produces a sound with a wavelength of about 10.6 m. If
the speed of sound in air is 346 m/s, what is the frequency of this sound?
33. A ship anchored at sea is rocked by waves that have crests 14 m apart. The waves travel at 7.0
m/s. How often do the wave crests reach the ship?
34. A wave with a frequency of 60.0 Hz travels through vulcanized rubber with a wavelength of 0.90
m. What is the speed of this wave?
35. A dolphin can typically hear sounds with frequencies up to 150 kHz. What is the speed of sound
in water if a wave with this frequency has a wavelength of 1.0 cm?
36. An echo off a building is heard 5.0 s after the sound is created. How far is the building from the
observer?
37. A student hears thunder 8.0 s after seeing a flash of lightning. How far is the student from the
lightning strike?
38. A sound is heard 2.5 s after seeing the flash of an explosion. How far is the explosion?
39. A pipe open on both ends has a length of 1.0 m. What are the first three resonance frequencies?
40. A pipe closed on one end has a length of 0.25 m. What are the three lowest tones produced by the
pipe? (v = 330 m/s)
41. The frequency of the fourth harmonic in an open pipe is 800 Hz. What is the length of the pipe?
(v = 330 m/s)
42. The frequency of the fifth harmonic in an open pipe is 1500 Hz. What is the length of the pipe?
(v = 330 m/s)
43. The frequency of the third harmonic in a pipe closed on one end is 1400 Hz. What is the length
of the pipe? (v = 330 m/s)
44. In an experiment to determine the speed of sound in air a glass pipe was partially submerged into
water and then struck by a tuning fork. The frequency of the tuning fork is 320 Hz. What is the
speed of sound if the first harmonic was heard when the air column is 0.26 m long?
45. Two tuning forks vibrate at frequencies of 320 Hz and 316 Hz. What is the beat frequency?
46. A ship on the surface of water sends a signal and receives it back after 4 seconds from a
submarine inside the water. Calculate the distance of the submarine from the ship (The speed of
sound in water is 1450 m s-1).
47. While hiking through a canyon, Noah Formula lets out a scream. An echo (reflection of the
scream off a nearby canyon wall) is heard 0.82 seconds after the scream. The speed of the sound
wave in air is 342 m/s. Calculate the distance from Noah to the nearby canyon wall.
48. Noah stands 170 meters away from a steep canyon wall. He shouts and hears the echo of his
voice eight seconds later. What is the speed of the wave?
49. A SONAR receives a strong echo of ultrasonic signal it sent downwards into the sea 3.6 seconds
after the transmission. Calculate the depth of the sea-bed if the speed of ultrasonic waves in sea-
water is 1250 m/s.
50. Navy ships use sonar (sound navigation and ranging) to detect submarines. A sound pulse sent by
the ship reflects off the submarine. If the submarine is 2.2 km away from the ship, and the speed
of sound in seawater is 1400 m/s, how long will it take the sound pulse to travel out and back?
Complete these table below.

Wave speed (v) Wavelength () Frequency (f) Period (T)
350 m/s 70 m .... ....
80 cm/s .... 400 Hz ....
.... 2m .... 0,002 s
100 cm/s .... .... 0,008 s
.... 4m 200 Hz ....
Given that these frequency of pitch and these ratio.
C D E F G A B C
.... 540 Hz .... .... .... .... .... ....
.... .... .... .... 540 Hz .... .... ....
.... .... .... .... .... .... .... 600 Hz
.... .... 750 Hz .... .... .... .... ....
.... .... .... .... .... 1000 Hz .... ....
1. A light ray approaches a mirror at an angle of incidence of 25. What is the angle of reflection?
2. A light ray approaches a mirror at an angle of 22 with the mirror surface. What is the angle of
reflection of this light ray?
3. In a physics lab, Ray Zuvlite arranges two mirrors with a right angle orientation as shown. Ray
then directs a laser line at one of the mirrors. The light reflects off both mirrors as shown. If
angle A is 38, then what is the angle measure of angles B, C, and D?
4. Anna Litical is doing the Plane Mirror Lab in physics class. She places a pin a distance of 4.9 cm
from a plane mirror. How far behind the mirror can the image be expected to appear?
5. Baldwin Young stands 68 cm from his dresser mirror, inspecting his scalp. How far is the image
of his scalp located from his scalp?
6. A spherical concave mirror has a radius of curvature of +62 cm. What is the focal length of the
mirror?
7. A decorative garden sphere has a diameter of 44 cm. The reflecting surface of the shiny sphere
makes a great convex mirror. What is the focal point of the convex surface?
8. In a physics demonstration, a concave mirror having a 50.0 cm focal length is used to create
images of a candle located at various locations along its principal axis. Beginning from a
distance of several meters from the mirror, a candle is moved forward and its image is projected
onto an opaque screen. Determine the image distances (distance from mirror to image) for object
distances (distance from object to mirror) of: a) 125 cm; b) 100 cm; c) 75 cm; d) 50 cm; e) 25
cm.
9. Every morning Bob Gillette uses a shaving mirror with a focal length of 72 cm to view the image
of his face. Supposing his face is 18 cm from the mirror, determine the image distance and the
magnification of his face.
10. The infamous Chinese magician Foo Ling Yu places a 56-mm tall light bulb a distance of 124 cm
from a spherical concave mirror with a focal length of 62 cm.
a. Determine the image distance and image height.
b. Describe the orientation and type of the image.
11. In a physics lab, Anna Litical and Noah Formula position a small night light bulb at several
locations along the principal axis of a concave mirror. Using a note card, they locate the image of
the light bulb. The mirror has a focal length of 32.0 cm. What image distances would you expect
Anna and Noah to observe when the object is located at distances of 64.0 cm from the mirror?
12. Ima Primpin uses a cosmetic mirror to magnify her eyelashes during the traditional morning
painting session. Her 1.2-cm long eyelashes are magnified to 1.6 cm when placed 5.8 cm from
the mirror.
a. Determine the image distance for such an upright image.
b. Determine the focal length of the mirror.
13. A convex spherical mirror has a focal point located a distance of 24.6 cm from the surface of the
mirror.
a. Find the image distance (in cm) for an object distance of 76.8 cm.
b. Determine the magnification of this image.
14. A convenient store mounts a convex mirror in the corner of the store to serve as a security mirror
and reduce the frequency of five-finger discounts. When Robin Storz is positioned a distance of
4.8 m from the mirror, her image is magnified by a factor of one-half. Determine the focal length
of the mirror.
15. Kerry Uss is studying the convex side of her soup spoon. She notices that her 3.8-cm tall nose
appears to be 1.2 cm tall when positioned a distance of 2.4 cm from the spoon.
a. Determine the image distance for this particular object distance.
b. Determine the focal length of the convex side of the spoon.
16. A large spherical mirror sculpture is constructed in the town square at Physicston, Illinois. The
sculpture consists of a large sphere with a diameter of 24 meters which is coated with a reflecting
material. A 1.8 meter tall photographer stands a distance of 38 m from the concave side of the
sculpture and takes a picture. Determine the image distance and the magnification of the
photographer.
17. Baxter Nachure lives in the country along Sinewave road. It is difficult to pull out of the
driveway onto the road since the road is curved and trees prevent him from seeing around the
corner. He recently installed a large convex mirror at one of the curves to give him a wider angle
of view. It has a focal length of -1.54 meters. Determine the magnification of an oncoming car
located 35.8 m from the mirror.
18. A virtual image is formed 26.9 cm from a concave mirror having a radius of curvature of 48.1
cm. Determine the object distance.
19. An 4.9-cm tall object is positioned 14.8 cm from a mirror. Determine the radius of curvature
which the mirror must have in order to produce an upright image that is 7.2 cm tall?
20. A dentist uses a spherical mirror to produce an upright image of a patient's tooth which is
magnified by a factor of 4.5 when placed 1.8 cm from the tooth. (a) What type of mirror -
concave or convex - is being used? (b) What is the focal length of the mirror?
21. The real image produced by a concave mirror is observed to be six times larger than the object
when the object is 34.2 cm in front of a mirror. Determine the radius of curvature of this mirror.
22. A shiny bauble (ornament) hangs on Mr. H's Christmas tree. The bauble has a radius of 4.8 cm.
Matthew looks into the bauble and observes an image of his face which is one-eighth the size of
his face. How far from the bauble is Matthew's face?
23. A child at an amusement park stands in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 73.9 cm.
With great amusement, the child holds her cotton candy close to the mirror and observes that its
image is magnified by a factor of five. Determine the object distance which creates this
magnification of five.
24. A Star Wars action figure, 8.0 cm tall, is placed 30.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal
length of 10.0 cm. Where is the image? How tall is the image? What are the properties of the
image?
25. The same Star Wars action figure, 8.0 cm tall, is placed 6.0 cm in front of a convex mirror with a
focal length of -12.0 cm. Where is the image? How tall is the image? What are the properties of
the image?
26. Light travels through a vacuum at a speed of 3 x 108 m/s. Determine the speed of light in the
following media: a) water (n = 1.333); b) crown glass (n = 1.52); c) cubic zirconia (n = 2.16); d)
diamond (n = 2.419)
27. A ray of light travels through air (n = 1.00) and approaching the boundary with water (n = 1.33).
The angle of incidence is 45.0. Determine the angle of refraction.
28. A light ray is passing through water (n=1.33) towards the boundary with a transparent solid at an
angle of 56.4. The light refracts into the solid at an angle of refraction of 42.1. Determine the
index of refraction of the unknown solid.
29. During a physics lab, Ray Zuvlight observes a laser line passing through an unknown material
towards a boundary with air with an angle of incidence of 24.5. The light ray emerges into the
air with an angle of refraction of 33.8. Determine the index of refraction of the unknown
material.
30. Light in air approaches the boundary of oil at an angle of 36.1 degress with respect to the
normal. The light travels at a speed of 2.27 x 10 8 m/s through the oil. Determine the angle of
refraction.
31. Find the velocity of the ray in a medium having refractive index 2.
32. A ray coming from medium X is refracted as shown in the figure below while passing to the
medium Y. Find ratio of the refractive indexes of the mediums. (sin37 = 0,6 and sin 53 =0,8)
33. Determine the critical angle of the following materials when surrounded by air: a) teflon (n =
1.38); b) Pyrex glass (n = 1.47); c) Polycarbonate glass (n = 1.59); d) Sapphire gemstone (n =
1.77); e) Diamond (n = 2.42)
34. In a physics lab, Jerome and Gavin are assigned the task of determining the critical angle of
solid, transparent prism using laser light. When surrounded by air, light is observed to undergo
total internal reflection when the angle of incidence is as low as 38. Calculate the index of
refraction of the material which the prism is made of. (Using refractive index of air = 1)
35. During a demonstration of fiber optics, Mr. H uses an acrylic light pipe to demonstrate total
internal reflection for light as it navigates its way through a curved medium, entering at one end
and exitting at the other with very little loss of light along the way. If the acrylic has an index of
refraction of 1.48, then determine its critical angle when surrounded by air.
36. What is the speed of light in a material with a refractive index of 2.3, given that the speed of
light in air is 2.9979 108 ms-1 and the refractive index of air is 1.
37. Light travels from diamond into glass with an angle of refraction ( r) of 23.8 . What is the angle
of incidence (i) if the refractive index of diamond is 2.4 and the refractive index of glass is 1.5.
38. What is the critical angle for light traveling from water into air, given that the refractive index of
water is 1.33 and the refractive index of air is 1?
39. What is the speed of light in a material with a refractive index of 2, given that the speed of light
in air is 3 108 ms-1 and the refractive index of air is 1.
40. During a lens lab, Jerome and Michael placed a 4.5-cm tall night light bulb a distance of 42.8 cm
from a lens. The image of the light bulb was inverted and appeared 26.5 cm from the lens.
a. Determine the focal length of the lens being by Jerome and Michael.
b. Determine the expected height of the image of the bulb.
41. The converging lens on Julia's camera has a focal length of 52 mm. She uses the camera to take a
picture of her friends at South's homecoming. Her friends are located a distance of 2.45 m from
the camera as Julia focuses in on them. Calculate the distance from the lens to the film (i.e, the
image distance).
42. During an in-class exploration lab, students are looking through both converging and diverging
lenses at various objects and observing the characteristics of the images. Moses becomes
particularly intrigued by the diverging lens. He places it a distance of 4.8 cm from the lettering of
his textbook and estimates that the image of the letters are one-fourth the size of the actual
lettering.
a. Calculate the image distance which results when Moses holds the lens this close to the
textbook.
b. Calculate the focal length of the lens.
43. The widest cinema screen in the world was reportedly constructed in New Zealand in 2007. The
screen is 30.6 meters (100 feet) wide. Images from a 35-mm wide film are projected onto this
screen. Suppose that the screen in the theater is located a distance of 46 m from the projector.
Determine the magnification of the image and the focal length of the lens system.
44. In an effort to read the miniaturized writing in Khaled's lab notebook, Mr. H pulls a magnifying
glass from his drawer. He places the magnifying glass a distance of 6.3 cm from the paper and
produces an upright image of the writing which is magnified by a factor of 4.8. Determine the
focal length of the lens used by the magnifying glass.
45. The focal point of a lens is located 17.8 cm away from its surface. The lens produces a virtual
image which is 38.9 cm from the lens. Determine the object distance.
46. A lens produces a virtual image located 33.8 cm from the lens when the object is located 18.5 cm
from the lens. Determine the focal length of the lens. What kind of lens is it?
47. In a converging lens lab, Anna Litical is challenged to determine the object distance which
produces a real image which is magnified by a factor of five. The lens has a focal length of 12.0
cm. What object distance would you expect to produce this magnification?
48. An upright image is reduced to one-fourth of the objects height when the object is placed 26.9
cm from the lens. Determine the focal length of the lens.
49. An upright image is magnified, appearing to be four times the size of the objects when the
object is placed 26.9 cm from the lens. Determine the focal length of the lens.
50. A lens produces an inverted image which is one-fifth the size of the object. The lens has a focal
length of 22.8 cm. Determine the object distance which results in this magnification.
Use 8.99 x109 Nm2/C2 for Coulomb's constant and 1.60x10-19 C for the charge of an electron.
1. Determine the quantity of charge on a plastic tube which has been rubbed with animal fur and
gained 3.8x109 electrons.
2. Determine the quantity of charge on a vinyl balloon which has been rubbed with animal fur and
gained 1.7x1012 electrons.
3. Determine the quantity of charge on an acetate strip which has been rubbed with wool and lost
7.3x108 electrons.
4. Two ping pong balls have been painted with metallic paint and charged by contact with an Van
de Graaff generator. The charge on the balls are -3.1x10-7 C and -3.7x10-7 C. Determine the force
of electrical repulsion when held a distance of 42 cm apart.
5. A Styrofoam plate with a negative charge of -4.86x10 -7 C is placed near an aluminum dish which
has been charged positively by induction to a charge of +8.29x10 -8 C. The centers of positive and
negative charge are positioned 1.85 cm apart. Determine the magnitude of the force of attraction
between the Styrofoam plate and the aluminum dish.
6. Mr. H gives two large vinyl balloons ten good rubs on what's left of his hair, transferring a total
of 2.1x1012 electrons from his hair to each balloon. He walks away, leaving the balloons to be
held by strings from a single pivot point on the ceiling. The balloons repel and reach an
equilibrium position with a separation distance of 58 cm.
a. Determine the quantity of charge on each balloon.
b. Determine the Coulomb force of repulsion between the two balloons.
7. A sheet of cationic fabric softener having a surface charge of 3.6x10 -12 C (positive) clings to a
wool sweater with a negative charge of 6.8x10-9 C. Determine the force of electrical attraction if
they can be treated as point objects with a separation distance of 0.019 cm.
8. Two vinyl balloons with an identical charge are given a separation distance of 52 cm. The
balloons experience a repulsive force of 2.74x10-3 N. Determine the magnitude of charge on each
one of the balloons.
9. Two different objects are given charges of +3.27 C and -4.91 C. What separation distance will
cause the force of attraction between the two objects to be 0.358 N? (GIVEN: 1 C = 106 C)
10. Two objects with charges Q1 and Q2 experience an electrical force of attraction of 8.0x10-4 N
when separated by a distance of d. Determine the force of attraction if the same objects are
separated by a distance of 2d and each object having double the charge.
11. The electric field intensity at a particular location surrounding a Van de Graaff generator is
4.5x103 N/C. Determine the magnitude of the force which this field would exert upon a charged
balloon with 1.8 C of charge when positioned at this location.
12. There is an electric field in the atmosphere surrounding the Earth which has a magnitude of
roughly 150 N/C and a direction pointing towards the center of the Earth. Determine the
magnitude of the force experienced by a dust particle having a negative charge of 9.2x10-16 C.
13. A test charge with a negative charge of 2.18 x 10-8 C experiences a northward force of 4.50 x 10-
5
N when placed a distance of 25.0 cm from a source charge.
a. Determine the magnitude and direction of the electric field at this location.
b. Determine the magnitude and type of charge on the source.
14. A small balloon with a 4.36x10-9 C charge is placed a distance of 41 cm from a 1.28 C charge.
a. Determine the electric field intensity at the location where the balloon is.
b. Determine the electrical force experienced by the balloon at this location.
15. The electric field between the plates of the cathode ray tube of an older television set can be as
high as 2.5x104 N/C. Determine the force and resulting acceleration of an electron (m = 9.11x10 -
31
kg) as it travels through this electric field towards the television screen.
16. Draw electric field lines for the charges shown below.
17. When a charge of 8 C flows past any point along a circuit in 2 seconds, the current is _______ A.
18. Household current in a circuit cannot generally exceed 15 A for safety reasons. What is the
maximum amount of charge that could flow through this circuit in a house during the course of a
24.0-h day?
19. What is the resistance of the heating element in a car lock de-icer that contains a 1.5-V battery
supplying a current of 0.5 A to the circuit?
20. Arthur is going trick-or-treating for Halloween so he puts new batteries in his flashlight before
leaving the house. Until the batteries die, it draws 0.500 A of current, allowing a total of 5400. C
of charge to flow through the circuit. How long will Arthur be able to use the flashlight before
the batteries energy is depleted?
21. While cooking dinner, Dinahs oven uses a 220.-V line and draws 8.00 A of current when heated
to its maximum temperature. What is the resistance of the oven when it is fully heated?
22. Camille takes her pocket calculator out of her bookbag as she gets ready to do her physics
homework. In the calculator, a 0.160-C charge encounters 19.0 of resistance every 2.00
seconds. What is the potential difference of the battery?
23. Justines hair dryer has a resistance of 9.00 when first turned on. How much current does the
hair dryer draw from the 110.-V line in Justines house?
24. Find the total resistance of the three resistors connected in series.
25. Find the total resistance of the same three resistors now connected in parallel.
26. Find the total current passing through the circuit.
27. Find the current in the 9- resistor.
28. Find the current through a 12-ohm resistive circuit when 24 volts is applied.
29. Find the resistance of a circuit that draws 0.06 amperes with 12 volts applied.
30. A transformer is connected to 120 volts. Find the current if the resistance is 480-ohms?
31. Find the applied voltage of a telephone circuit that draws 0.017amperes through a resistance of
15,000 ohms.
32. Find the applied voltage of a circuit that draws 0.2 amperes through a 4800-ohm resistance.
33. What is the increase of current when 15 V is applied to 10000-ohm rheostat, which is adjusted to
1000-ohm value?
34. Over the course of an 8 hour day, 3.8x104 C of charge pass through a typical computer
(presuming it is in use the entire time). Determine the current for such a computer.
35. A power saw at the local hardware store boasts of having a 15-Amp motor. Determine its
resistance when plugged into a 110-Volt outlet.
36. A coffee cup immersion heater utilizes a heating coil with a resistance of 8.5 . Determine the
current through the coil when operated at 110 V.
37. Determine the equivalent resistance of a 6.0 and a 8.0 resistor if: a) connected in series; b)
connected in parallel.
38. Determine the overall resistance of a 100-meter length of 14 AWA (0.163 cm diameter) wire
made of the following materials.
a. copper (resistivity = 1.67x10-8 m)
b. aluminum (resistivity = 2.65x10-8 m)
39. The heating element of an electric toaster is typically made of nichrome wire (an alloy of nickel
and chromium). As current passes through the wires, the wires heat up, thus toasting the toast.
Estimate the overall resistance of a heating element which is 220 cm long and consists of
nichrome wire with a diameter of 0.56 mm. The resistivity of nichrome is 110x10-8 m.
40. Determine the amount of time that the following devices would have to be used before 1.0x10 6 C
(1 million Coulombs) of charge passes through them.
a. LED night light (I=0.0042 A)
b. Incandescent night light (I=0.068 A)
41. The power of a 1.5-volt alkaline cell varies with the number of hours of operation. A brand new
D-cell can deliver as much as 13 A through a copper wire connected between terminals.
Determine the power of a brand new D-cell.
42. The UL panel on the bottom of an electric toaster oven indicates that it operates at 1500 W on a
110 V circuit. Determine the electrical resistance of the toaster oven.
43. Using the diagram, a) find the total resistance in the circuit. b) Find the total current through the
circuit.
circuit.
circuit.
46. The lighter in Bryces car has a resistance of 4.0 . a) How much current does the lighter draw
when it is run off the cars 12-V battery? b) How much power does the lighter use?
47. The Garcias like to keep their 40.0-W front porch light on at night to welcome visitors. If the
light is on from 6 p.m. until 7 a.m., and the Garcias pay 8.00 per kWh, how much does it cost to
run the light for this amount of time each week?
48. How much power is used by a contact lens heating unit that draws 0.070 A of current from a
120-V line?
49. Which has more resistance when plugged into a 120.-V line, a 1400.-W microwave oven or a
150.-W electric can opener?
50. Valeries 180-W electric rollers are plugged into a 120-V line in her bedroom. a) What current do
the electric rollers draw? b) What is the resistance of the rollers when they are heated?
51. A central air conditioner in a typical American home operates on a 220-V circuit and draws about
15 A of current.
a. Determine the power rating of such an air conditioner.
b. Determine the energy consumed (in kWhr) if operated for 8 hours per day.
c. Determine the monthly cost (31 days) if the utility company charges 13 cents per kWhr.
52. An overhead high voltage (4.0x105 V) power transmission line delivers electrical energy from a
generating station to a substation at a rate of 1500 MW (1.5x10 9 W). Determine the resistance of
and the current in the cables.
53. The UL panel on the bottom of an electric toaster oven indicates that it operates at 1500 W on a
110 V circuit. Determine the electrical resistance of the toaster oven.
1. Complete these blanks below.

Magnetism is a f_ _ _ _ that acts only between magnetic materials like i _ _ _,
s_ _ _ _, c_ _ _ _ _ and n_ _ _ _ _. Magnets have 2 p_ _ _ _ a n_ _ _ _ and a s_ _
_ _ _. If two magnets are put together the poles that are the same will r_ _ _ _
each other. If two magnets are put together the poles that are different will
a_ _ _ _ _ _ each other.
NORTH REPEL FORCE SOUTH COBALT IRON
ATTRACT STEEL POLES NICKEL

2. Draw the magnetic field around this magnet.
South North
3. List 3 ways to be making this magnet.

4. What are the ways of making an electromagnet stronger?
5. What are the advantages of electromagnets?
6. List 4 things were called ferrous.
7. List 4 things were called non-ferrous.
8. Draw the magnetic field around two magnets.
South North South North
South North North South
9. How can you find the pattern of the magnetic field around a magnet?
10. What generalization can you make about the reaction between like poles?
11. What generalization can you make about the reaction between unlike poles?
12. The magnetic field is strongest near (the poles/the center) of a bar magnet.
13. Materials that can become magnetized include steel and (copper/iron).
14. The needle of a compass lines up with Earths magnetic field and points to (Earths poles/Earths
equator).
15. Magnetic field lines that curve toward each other show (repulsion/attraction).
16. Where is the strongest area of magnetism in the field?
17. Where is the weakest area of magnetism?
18. What is the purpose of AC transformer?
19. On what principle does the ac transformer based on?
20. What distinguish a step-up transformer and a step-down transformer?
21. What flows in the iron core of an ac transformer?
22. Why is the core of transformer iron and not steel?
23. What is the purpose of the iron core in the transformer?
24. Draw and label the structure of a simple step-up and step-down transformer.
25. A step-down transformer has 2000 turns in the primary coil and 20 turns in the secondary coil. If
230 V a.c. is supplied to the Primary coil, what is the output voltage?
26. A step-down transformer has 2000 turns in the primary coil and 20 turns in the secondary coil.
230 V a.c. is supplied to the Primary coil. If the primary coil has 0.04 A current, what current
flows in the secondary coil?
27. What is meant by a transformer working at 100 % efficiency?
28. A step-up transformer has 400 turns in the primary coil and 8000 turns in the secondary coil.
a. If the transformer is used to operate a 500 V a.c. device, what is the input voltage?
b. If the primary coil has 3.20 A current, what current flows in the secondary coil?
29. A transformer has 50 turns on its primary and 150 turns on its secondary. If the primary is
connected to a 120 V source, what is the voltage output of the secondary?
30. A transformer has 200 turns on its primary coil and 300 turns on its secondary. The primary coil
is connected to a 90 V source. The current in the primary is 30 A.
a. What is the voltage in the secondary?
b. What is the current in the secondary?
c. What is the power in the secondary?
31. A transformer has 7500 turns on its primary and 125 turns on its secondary. The voltage across
the primary is 7200 V. The current in the secondary is 36 A.
b. What is the current in the primary?
32. A transformer has 80 turns on its primary coil and 1200 turns on its secondary coil. The current
in the secondary is 2A. The voltage across the primary is 120 V.
33. A laptop computer requires a voltage of 9 V (this is Vs) from the 120 V line (this is Vp).
a. If the primary of the transformer has 475 turns, how many does the secondary have?
b. A 125 mA current flows through the computer. What current flows through the computers
company?
c. What is the power in the primary and in the secondary?
34. Look at the figure below.

b. What is the current in the secondary?
35. A transformer has a primary coil with 200 turns, and a secondary coil with 2000 turns. The input
voltage is 120 V, and it runs at 1800 W.
36. A transformer has a primary coil with 100 turns and 35 A, and the secondary coil has 150 turns.
The power in the secondary coil is 1.4 kW.
a. What is the voltage in the primary?
b. What is the voltage in the secondary?
c. What is the current in the secondary?
37. A transformer has an output voltage of 40 V and an output current of 5 A. The input current is
0.25 A and the primary coil has 50 turns.
a. What is the voltage in the primary?
b. What is the number of coil in the secondary?
c. What is the power in the secondary and in the primary?
38. 180 V goes into 300 coils. 270 V comes out of the transformer. The power is 7.2 kW.
a. What is the number of coil in the secondary?
b. What is the current in the primary and in the secondary?
39. A proton speeding through a synchrotron at 3.0 x 10 7 m/s experiences a magnetic field of 4.0 T
that is produced by the steering magnets inside the synchrotron. What is the magnetic force
pulling on the proton?
40. A 10.0-m-long high-tension power line carries a current of 20.0 A perpendicular to Earths
magnetic field of 5.5 x 10-5 T. What is the magnetic force experienced by the power line?
41. Dean is hunting in the Northwest Territories at a location where Earths magnetic field is 7.0 x
10-5 T. He shoots by mistake at a duck decoy, and the rubber bullet he is using acquires a charge
of 2.0 x 10-12 C as it leaves his gun at 300. m/s, perpendicular to Earths magnetic field. What is
the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the bullet?
42. A wasp accumulates 1.0 x 10-12 C of charge while flying perpendicular to Earths magnetic field
of 5.0 x 10-5 T. How fast is the wasp flying if the magnetic force acting on it is 6.0 x 10-16 N?
43. Kron, the alien freedom fighter from the planet Krimbar, shoots his gun that fires protons at a
speed of 3.0 x 106 m/s. What is Krimbars magnetic field if it creates a force of 2.88 x 10 -15 N on
the protons?
44. While out for a walk with his mother, Lance notices a large, cylindrical gray box high atop a
telephone pole. His mother explains that it is a transformer. This transformer takes 6000. V from
the power company and steps it down to the 240 V supplied to each of the houses on the street,
with the use of a secondary coil containing 100. turns. How many turns are there in the primary
coil?
45. Audrey disassembles the control box of her electric train and finds a small transformer inside. Its
primary coil is made up of 600. turns and the secondary coil is made up of 60. turns. a) If the
household voltage supplied to the train is 120 V, what voltage is required to make the train run?
b) Is this a step-up or a step-down transformer?
46. A hydroelectric plant in Niagara Falls sends 3000 V to the transformer in a substation that steps
it up to 120 000 V for transmission to homes in New York City. If the primary coil contains 2000
turns, how many turns are there in the secondary coil of the step-up transformer?
47. In the giant CERN particle accelerator in Switzerland, protons are accelerated to speeds of 2.0 x
108 m/s through a magnetic field of 3.5 T and then collided with a fixed target. What is the
magnitude of the magnetic force experienced by the protons as they are accelerated around the
giant ring?
48. A 0.90-m-long straight wire on board the Voyager spacecraft carries a current of 0.10 A
perpendicular to Jupiters strong magnetic field of 5.0 x 10-4 T. What is the magnitude of the
magnetic force experienced by the wire?
49. While Hiroshi sits in his living room, the newspaper carrier rings his doorbell. If a voltage of 120
V passes through the 200-turn primary coil of the transformer, how many turns are needed in the
secondary coil to reduce the voltage to the 6.0 V needed to run the doorbell?
50. A bug zapper in the Snyders back yard runs off a 120-V household line through a transformer
whose primary coil contains 50. turns while the secondary coil contains 2000. turns. a) What is
the output voltage of the transformer? b) Is this a step-up or a step-down transformer?
1. During their physics field trip to the amusement park, Tyler and Maria took a rider on the
Whirligig. The Whirligig ride consists of long swings which spin in a circle at relatively high
speeds. As part of their lab, Tyler and Maria estimate that the riders travel through a circle with a
radius of 6.5 m and make one turn every 5.8 seconds. Determine the speed of the riders on the
Whirligig.
2. During the spin cycle of a washing machine, the clothes stick to the outer wall of the barrel as it
spins at a rate as high as 1800 revolutions per minute. The radius of the barrel is 26 cm.
a. Determine the speed of the clothes (in m/s) which are located on the wall of the spin barrel.
b. Determine the acceleration of the clothes.
3. Elmira, New York boasts of having the fastest carousel ride in the world. The merry-go-round at
Eldridge Park takes riders on a spin at 18 mi/hr (8.0 m/s). The radius of the circle about which
the outside riders move is approximately 7.4 m.
a. Determine the time for outside riders to make one complete circle.
b. Determine the acceleration of the riders.
4. A manufacturer of CD-ROM drives claims that the player can spin the disc as frequently as 1200
revolutions per minute.
a. If spinning at this rate, what is the speed of the outer row of data on the disc; this row is
located 5.6 cm from the center of the disc?
b. What is the acceleration of the outer row of data?
5. In the display window of the toy store at the local mall, a battery-powered plane is suspended
from a string and flying in a horizontal circle. The 631-gram plane makes a complete circle every
2.15 seconds. The radius of the circle is 0.950 m. Determine the velocity of, acceleration of, and
net force acting upon the plane.
6. Dominic is the star discus thrower on South's varsity track and field team. In last year's regional
competition, Dominic whirled the 1.6 kg discus in a circle with a radius of 1.1 m, ultimately
reaching a speed of 52 m/s before launch. Determine the net force acting upon the discus in the
moments before launch.
7. Landon and Jocelyn are partners in pair figure skating. Last weekend, they perfected the death
spiral element for inclusion in their upcoming competition. During this maneuver, Landon holds
Jocelyn by the hand and swings her in a circle while she maintains her blades on the ice,
stretched out in a nearly horizontal orientation. Determine the net force which must be applied to
Jocelyn (m=51 kg) if her center of mass rotates in a circle with a radius of 61 cm once every 1.9
seconds.
8. In an effort to rev up his class, Mr. H does a demonstration with a bucket of water tied to a 1.3-
meter long string. The bucket and water have a mass of 1.8 kg. Mr. H whirls the bucket in a
vertical circle such that it has a speed of 3.9 m/s at the top of the loop and 6.4 m/s at the bottom
of the loop.
a. Determine the acceleration of the bucket at each location.
b. Determine the net force experienced by the bucket at each location.
9. A 76-kg pilot at an air show performs a loop de loop with his plane. At the bottom of the 52-m
radius loop, the plane is moving at 48 m/s. Determine the normal force acting upon the pilot.
10. Alexis is in her Toyota Camry and trying to make a turn off an expressway at 19.0 m/s. The
turning radius of the level curve is 35.0 m. Her car has a mass of 1240 kg. Determine the
acceleration, net force and minimum value of the coefficient of friction which is required to keep
the car on the road.
11. How much force would it take to stretch a steel bar with a spring constant of 21 10 6 N/m until
it is 1.0 mm longer?
12. What is the spring constant of a car spring if a 2500 N force compresses it from a length of 50
cm to a length of 40 cm?
13. What force would be required to compress a 20 cm long spring to 15 cm if the spring constant is
30 N/m?
14. A spring is compressed 10 m when a force of 5 N is applied. How far does it compress when 10
N is applied?
15. Peter (from Peter and the Wolf fame) is out hunting a possum with his spring loaded rock
thrower. He pulls back on the spring with a force of 350 N and it stretches 10 cm. Determine the
springs constant.
16. What force is required to deform a spring with a spring constant of 1250 N/m by 2.5 cm?
17. A mass of 3.5 kg is hanging from a spring which deforms by 21.2 cm. What is the spring
constant k?
18. How much energy is stored in the spring from problem 16?
19. By how much would you have to deflect a spring with k = 768 N/m in order to store 86 J of
energy?
20. A 4.0 kg mass is held against a spring with a spring constant of 420 N/m and deflected by 12.0
cm. The block is then released.
a. What is the kinetic energy of the block when it is just released?
b. How fast is it going when it is just released?
21. A 1000 kg car is moving at 20 m/s. The momentum of the car is....
22. The momentum of a car is 3.0 x 10 4 kg m/s. The mass of the car is 1500 kg. What is the speed of
the car?
23. The momentum of a car is 5.0 x 104 kg m/s. The speed of the car is 25.0 m/s. What is the mass of
the car?
24. A ball was hitting by a bat. The impact force is 250 N, and the contact time is 0.2 s. What is the
impulse received by the ball?
25. A 1200 kg car was crashed into a wall. The impulse is 4000 N-s and the impact time is 0.5 s.
What is the impact force on the car?
26. A 1000 kg car was crashed into a garden and stopped. The impulse is 4000 N-s and the impact
force is 2000 N. How long it takes for the car to stop?
27. A 40 kg block with velocity 30 m/s was encountering a constant 60 N friction force until the
block stopped.
a. What is the initial momentum of the block?
b. What is the impulse exerted on the block?
c. How long will it take for the block to stop?
28. Assume a 10.0 kg bowling ball moving at 4 m/s bounces off a spring at 1 m/s.
a. What is its change in velocity of the bowling ball?
b. What is its change of momentum of the ball?
c. What is the impulse exerted on of the ball?
d. If the interaction with the spring occurs in 0.2 s, calculate the average force the spring exerts
on the ball.
29. What is the momentum of a golf ball with a mass of 62 g moving at 73 m/s?
30. For how long a time must a tow truck pull with a force of 550 N on a stalled 1200 kg car to give
it a forward velocity of 2.0 m/s?
31. A 10 N force acts at a perpendicular distance of 0.50 m from the turning point. What is the
moment of the force?
32. The door hinge is about 1.5 m away from the handle, and a boy applies a force of 4 N. The
moment of force will be....
33. The moment of force applied on a door is 15 Nm and the force applied is 3.75 N, the distance of
the handle from the pivot is....
34. The force applied by a lady is 2 N and the moment of force is 16 Nm, the distance of pivot from
the effort would be....
35. Find the force needed to balance the lever.
36. What is the length of this lever if the moment is 8 Nm?

?? metres
pivot 2 Newtons
37. Determine the moments due to the force acting on the beam.
38. Ned tightens a bolt in his car engine by exerting 12 N of force on his wrench at a distance of 0.40
m from the fulcrum. How much torque must Ned produce to turn the bolt?
39. Mabel and Maude are seesawing on the school playground and decide to see if they can move to
the correct location to make the seesaw balance. Mabel weighs 400. N and she sits 2.00 m from
the fulcrum of the seesaw. Where should 450.-N Maude sit to balance the seesaw?
40. A water faucet is turned on when a force of 2.0 N is exerted on the handle, at a distance of 0.060
m from the pivot point. How much torque must be produced to turn the handle?
41. After closing a deal with a client, Kent leans back in his swivel chair and spins around with a
frequency of 0.5 Hz. What is Kents period of spin?
42. Curtis favorite disco record has a scratch 12 cm from the center that makes the record skip 45
times each minute. What is the linear speed of the scratch as it turns?
43. Missys favorite ride at the Topsfield Fair is the rotor, which has a radius of 4.0 m. The ride takes
2.0 s to make one full revolution.
a. What is Missys linear speed on the rotor?
b. What is Missys centripetal acceleration on the rotor?
44. Captain Chip, the pilot of a 60 500-kg jet plane, is told that he must remain in a holding pattern
over the airport until it is his turn to land. If Captain Chip flies his plane in a circle whose radius
is 50.0 km once every 30.0 min, what centripetal force must the air exert against the wings to
keep the plane moving in a circle?
45. Marianne puts her favorite Backstreet Boys disc in her CD player. If it spins with a frequency of
1800 revolutions per minute, what is the period of spin of the compact disc?
46. What is the radius of an automobile tire that turns with a frequency of 11 Hz and has a linear
speed of 20.0 m/s?
47. A cement mixer of radius 2.5 m turns with a frequency of 0.020 Hz. What is the centripetal
acceleration of a small piece of dried cement stuck to the inside wall of the mixer?
48. Roxanne is making a strawberry milkshake in her blender. A tiny, 0.0050-kg strawberry is
rapidly spun around the inside of the container with a speed of 14.0 m/s, held by a centripetal
force of 10.0 N. What is the radius of the blender at this location?
49. Nancy, whose mass is 60.0 kg, is working at a construction site and she sits down for a bite to eat
at noon. If Nancy sits on the very end of a 3.00-m-long plank pivoted in the middle on a saw
horse, how much torque must her coworker provide on the other end of the plank in order to
keep Nancy from falling on the ground?
50. In anticipation of her first game, Alesia pulls back the handle of a pinball machine a distance of
5.0 cm. The force constant of the spring in the handle is 200 N/m. How much force must Alesia
exert?
51. As Bianca stands on a bathroom scale, whose force constant is 220 N/m, the needle on the scale
vibrates from side to side. If Bianca has a mass of 180 kg, what is the period of vibration of the
needle as it comes to rest?
52. A hummingbird beats its wings up and down with a frequency of 80.0 Hz. What is the period of
the hummingbirds flaps?
53. Terry jumps up and down on a trampoline with a frequency of 1.5 Hz. What is the period of
Terrys jumping?
54. Jack-in-the-box lid will pop open when a crank is turned on the outside of the box. If Jack pushes
against the inside of the box with a force of 3.00 N when the lid is closed, and the spring is
compressed 10.0 cm from equilibrium, what is the force constant of the spring?
55. World-reknowned hypnotist Paulbar the Great swings his watch from a 20.0-cm chain in front of
a subjects eyes. What is the period of swing of the watch?
56. A spider swings in the breeze from a silk thread with a period of 0.6 s. How long is the spiders
strand of silk?
57. Tegan, a trapeze artist, swings from a 2.5-m-long trapeze, high above the three-ring circus. What
is Tegans period of swing?
58. Danielle is pushing her twin Daniel on a swing that hangs from a tree branch by 2.0-m-long
ropes. With what frequency will Danielle have to push Daniel as he swings?
59. Wayne hits a stationary 0.12-kg hockey puck with a force that lasts for 0.01 s and makes the
puck shoot across the ice with a speed of 20.0 m/s, scoring a goal for the team. With what force
did Wayne hit the puck?
60. Auto companies frequently test the safety of automobiles by putting them through crash tests to
observe the integrity of the passenger compartment. If a 1000.-kg car is sent toward a cement
wall with a speed of 14 m/s and the impact brings it to a stop in 0.08 s, with what average force
is it brought to rest?
1. The mass of two balls is 0.80 kg each and they are separated by a distance of 0.25 meters.
Calculate the gravitational force between the two balls.
2. Calculate the gravitational force between the Earth and the moon. The mass of the Earth 5.9742
1024 kilograms and the mass of the moon is 7.36 10 22 kilograms. The radius of the orbit is
382171 km.
3. Mars has a mass of 6.4 x 1023 kg and its moon Phobos has a mass of 9.6 x 10 15 kg. The
magnitude of the gravitational force between the two bodies is 4.6 x 10 15 N. Calculate the radius
of the orbit between Mars and Phobos.
4. Find the force of gravity between two physics students that have masses of 74.0 kg and 82.5 kg
if they are sitting 95.0 cm apart.
5. A 1450 kg spacecraft is drifting in space. The force of gravity between it and the Earth is 3860
N.
a. How far is it from the center of the Earth?
b. How far is it above the surface of the Earth? (Earth radius = 6.38 x 106 m)
6. What is the force of gravity on a 24.0 kg table sitting on the Earth?
7. If the weight of a classroom Physics textbook is 42 N, what is the books mass?
8. Mr. Gewanter, whose mass is 60.0 kg, is doing a physics demonstration in the front of the
classroom. How much gravitational force does he exert on 55.0-kg Martha in the front row, 1.50
m away?
9. Temba is standing in the lunch line 6.38 x 10 6 m from the center of Earth. Earths mass is 5.98 x
1024 kg. What is the acceleration due to gravity?
10. In The Little Prince, the Prince visits a small asteroid called B612. If asteroid B612 has a radius
of only 20.0 m and a mass of 1.00 x 10 4 kg, what is the acceleration due to gravity on asteroid
B612?
11. A distance of 2.00 mm separates two objects of equal mass. If the gravitational force between
them is 0.0104 N, find the mass of each object.
12. A space probe lands on the surface of a spherical asteroid 250 miles in diameter and measures
the strength of its gravitational field at that point to be 4.95 x 10 -11 N/kg. What is the mass of the
asteroid?
13. What is the mass of a person who weighs 500 N?
14. The value of gravitational pull on the moon is 1.6 m/s/s. What is the weight of a 75 kg astronaut
on the moon?
15. A space ship has a mass of 9000 kg. The space ship is launched from Earth and lands on a
distant planet where it has a weight of 390000 N. What is the acceleration of gravity on this
planet?
16. The centers of two 15.0 kilogram spheres are separated by 3000 millimeters. What is the
magnitude of the gravitational force between the spheres?
17. Calculate the gravitational force of attraction between two 55 kg people who are standing 0.25 m
apart.
18. Pluto has a mass of 1.5 x 10 22 kg and a radius of 1.15 x 10 6 m. What is the acceleration due to
gravity on Pluto?
19. On the surface of Planet GAJ, which has a mass of 4.83 x 10 24 kg, an object has a weight of 50.0
N and a mass of 30.0 kg. What is the radius of this planet?
20. On the surface of Planet X an object has a weight of 63.5 N and a mass of 22.5 kg. What is the
gravitational field strength on the surface of Planet X?
21. What pressure is required to contain 0.023 moles of nitrogen gas in a 4.2 L container at a
temperature of 20.C? (R = 0.082 litre.atm/mole.K)
22. What pressure would a sample of gas have if the volume is 10.0 L the number of gas particles is
0.10 moles, and the temperature is 500. Kelvin?
23. What volume would a sample of gas have if the pressure is 8.2 atm, the number of gas particles
is 2.0 moles, and the temperature is 73 degrees Celsius?
24. 22.00 g of CO2 has a volume of 50.00 L and a pressure of 0.8210 atm. What must be the
temperature of the gas? (Mr CO2 = 44 g/mole)
25. How many grams are in a sample of oxygen gas if the pressure is 1520 mm Hg, the volume is
8,200 ml, and the temperature is 73 degrees Celsius? (Mr oxygen gas = 32 g/mole)
26. What volume would be occupied by 100. g of oxygen gas at a pressure of 1.50 atm and a
temperature of 25 C?
27. A balloon is inflated with 0.2494 g of helium to a pressure of 1.26 atm. If the desired volume of
the balloon is 1.250 L, what must the temperature be in C? (Mr Helium = 4 g/mole)
28. A welders acetylene tank has a volume of 75.0 L. It is stored at a temperature of 23.24 C and
has a pressure of 7667 kPa. How many moles of acetylene are in the tank? (R = 8.314
kPa.litre/mole.K)
29. A sample of gas occupies .308 m 3 at a temperature of 325 K and a pressure of 149 kPa.
Calculate the number of moles of the gas that are present.
30. If I have 4 moles of a gas at a pressure of 5.6 atm and a volume of 12 liters, what is the
temperature?
31. If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 1.2 atm, a volume of 31 liters, and a
temperature of 87C, how many moles of gas do I have?
32. If I contain 3 moles of gas in a container with a volume of 60 liters and at a temperature of 400
K, what is the pressure inside the container?
33. If I have 7.7 moles of gas at a pressure of 0.09 atm and at a temperature of 56C, what is the
volume of the container that the gas is in?
34. If I have 17 moles of gas at a temperature of 67C, and a volume of 88.89 liters, what is the
pressure of the gas?
35. If I have an unknown quantity of gas at a pressure of 0.5 atm, a volume of 25 liters, and a
temperature of 300 K, how many moles of gas do I have?
36. If I have 21 moles of gas held at a pressure of 78 atm and a temperature of 900 K, what is the
volume of the gas?
37. If I have 1.9 moles of gas held at a pressure of 5 atm and in a container with a volume of 50
liters, what is the temperature of the gas?
38. If I have 2.4 moles of gas held at a temperature of 97C and in a container with a volume of 45
liters, what is the pressure of the gas?
39. If I have an unknown quantity of gas held at a temperature of 1195 K in a container with a
volume of 25 liters and a pressure of 560 atm, how many moles of gas do I have?
40. If I have 0.275 moles of gas at a temperature of 75 K and a pressure of 1.75 atmospheres, what is
the volume of the gas?
41. Sodium-24 has a half-life of 15 hours. How much sodium-24 will remain in an 18.0 g sample
after 60 hours?
42. After 42 days a 2.0 g sample of phosphorus-32 contains only 0.25 g of the isotope. What is the
half-life of phosphorus-32?
43. Polonium-214 has a relatively short half-life of 164 seconds. How many seconds would it take
for 8.0 g of this isotope to decay to 0.25 g?
44. How many days does it take for 16 g of palladium-103 to decay to 1.0 g? The half-life of
palladium-103 is 17 days.
45. In 5.49 seconds, 1.20 g of argon-35 decay to leave only 0.15 g. What is the half-life of argon-35?
46. The half-life of chromium-51 is 28 days. If the sample contained 510 grams, how much
chromium would remain after 56 days?
47. If 20.0 g of a radioactive isotope are present at 1:00 PM and 5.0 g remain at 2:00 PM, what is the
half life of the isotope?
48. The half life of radium 226 is 1602 years. If you have 500 grams of radium today how many
grams would have been present 9612 years ago?
49. A medical institution requests 1 g of bismuth-214, which has a half life of 20 min. How many
grams of bismuth-214 left if the shipping time is 2 h?
50. The half-life of plutonium-239 is 24,300 years. If a nuclear bomb released 8 kg of this isotope,
how many years would pass before the amount is reduced to 1 kg?
51. The half-life of radon-222 is 3.8 days. How much of a 100 gram sample is left after 15.2 days?
52. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years. If a sample contained 70 mg originally, how much is
left after 17,190 years?
53. The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.26 years. If 50 grams are left after 15.78 years, how many grams
were in the original sample?
54. The half-life of I-137 is 8.07 days. If 25 grams are left after 40.35 days, how many grams were in
the original sample?
55. If 100 grams of Au-198 decays to 6.25 grams in 10.8 days, what is the half-life of Au-198?
56. Actinium-226 has a half-life of 29 hours. If 100 mg of actinium-226 disintegrates over a period
of 58 hours, how many mg of actinium-226 will remain?
57. An isotope of cesium-137 has a half-life of 30 years. If 1.0 g of cesium-137 disintegrates over a
period of 90 years, how many mg of cesium-137 will remain?
58. The half-life of isotope GAJ is 2.0 years. How many years would it take for a 4.0 mg sample of
GAJ to decay and have only 0.50 mg of it remain?
59. Selenium-83 has a half-life of 25.0 minutes. How many minutes would it take for a 10.0 mg
sample to decay and have only 1.25 mg of it remain?
60. What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope if a 500.0 g sample decays to 62.5 g in 24.3 hours?

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Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 1

37. Measure this device.

38. Measure this device.

39. Measure this device.

40. Measure this device.

41. Measure this device.

42. Measure this device.

44. Measure this device.

45. Measure this device.

Convert the numerical value to standard form:

Use this graph to determine:

Use this graph to determine:

long. The density of lead is 11.4 g/mL and thevolume of a cylinder is .

Find the density of the fluid.

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 6

1. Convert the following numbers from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit.

Substance Heat of Fusion (J/kg) Heat of Vaporization (J/kg)

water 3.3 x 105 2.3 x 106

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 7

Complete these table below.

Given that these frequency of pitch and these ratio.

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 8

27. Find the current in the 9- resistor.

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 10

1. Complete these blanks below.

ATTRACT STEEL POLES NICKEL

3. List 3 ways to be making this magnet.

South North South North

South North North South

a. What is the voltage in the secondary?

Soal Latihan Fisika Paket 11

35. Find the force needed to balance the lever.

36. What is the length of this lever if the moment is 8 Nm?

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