Seismic Performance of steel On different Span arrangements

Chapter 1

Introduction

1.1. General

The most unpredictable of all natural disaster is earthquake. The structural behavior of

building during earthquake depends mainly on shape size, span arrangements and loading

considered for a particular structure. The need and demand of the latest generation of having

innovative style of living and growing population has made architects and engineer inventory

towards planning of irregular configuration. Hence earthquake engineering is playing

important role is understanding the actual behavior of building on the seismic loading during

earthquake. All over the world seismic performance of structure is studied , the seismic

performance is basically can be studied from the behavior of earthquake which are

unpredictable . Currently it cannot accurately predict that an earthquake will occur when and

where, and it cannot estimate earthquake intensity and seismic ground motion characteristic

in earthquake.

Though seismic design is a basic design principle ideaolgfy and method which are formed by

the summary for structural earthquake damage and long term accumulation for practical

engineering experience. In the structural design of nine storey building applying different

span arrangement. For this nine storey building 6 bays are provided for different span. Steel

moment resisting frame are widely used as a lateral load resisting system for mid to high rise

building. Steel moment resisting frames are one of the popular seismic load resistant systems

because of their ductility. During a seismic event they expect to experience large inelastic

deformation, while maintaining the life safety level for the occupant.

For maintaining and further procedure push over analysis is applied to structure. The purpose

of pushover analysis is to evaluate the expected performance of structural system by

Department of Civil Engineering/ SSDGTs Sanjay Ghodawat Group of Institutions/2016-17
estimating its strength and deformation demands in design earthquake by means of static

inelastic analysis. Pushover analysis is basically nonlinear static analysis that is performed by

imposing an assumed distribution of lateral loads over the height of a structural increasing the

lateral load monotonically from zero to ultimate level.

1.2. Objective of Proposed Work:

In present experimental program the performance of seismic load on different span analysis

determining the stiffness and deformation . The experimental program is planned to study the

following objectives.

a) To study the seismic loading for different bays on same structure design procedure of the

structure considering 2D frames for the design purpose.

b) These studies help us to determine the failure of building at the increase and decreasing of

stiffness and deformation affecting the structure stability .

c) To study the various graph related to time history and determining the stability and failure

points by using pushover analysis.

1.3.Methodology of Proposed Work:

The procedure was started using software of Sap200. The 2D model frames were

considering four storey building applying different bays for the the same four storey

structure.

The following are phrases adopted in this work to fulfill proposed objective of work.

a) To design the four storey building different bays were applied on the building.
b) To study the reaction of building 40KN load was given considering self

weight.

c) To study the failure pattern of the four storey building using pushover analysis

which indicates performance points of building.

d) Using time history or the dynamic analysis are going to study the actual

performance of structure during the earthquake.

e) Considering the failure pattern of the building conclusion with solution can be

recommended for protecting the structures from mode and limit of point

failures considered.

f) By concluding the solutions by using some the solutions and different research

papers and by self knowledge.

 Chapter 2

Literature Review

2.1. General:

3. A. Giordanoet. al.(2008)[02] Investigates the seismic response of plan irregular

masonry building structures in order to evaluate the magnitude of torsional coupling

and the applicability of 3D pushover analysis for assessing the behavior under

earthquakes. As test example simple plan asymmetric two-storey masonry building

is selected. The nonlinear dynamic response obtained under both several generated

records and selected earthquake ground motions is initially compared with the one

obtained for a symmetric building variant. Subsequently, the nonlinear dynamic

analysis results are compared with the pushover analysis results. The pushover

analyses are performed up to the maximum top displacement obtained by the

nonlinear dynamic analyses (measured at the mass center), computed for each

earthquake record separately.

4. The deflection profiles and damage at the stiff and the flexible building sides are

compared with the peak response obtained by nonlinear dynamic analysis. In this

paper the torsional response of plan asymmetric masonry building structures and the

applicability of the 3D pushover analysis for predicting the seismic response is

investigated. The nonlinear dynamic response of a plan asymmetric masonry

building is initially compared with the one of a symmetric building variant for

several input ground motions, in order to evaluate the effects of the torsional

response. An increase in wall displacement of about 20% has been measured at the

flexible side that suffers larger damage. Subsequently, the results from pushover
 analyses are compared to those obtained by nonlinear dynamic analyses. The

comparison is performed at the same maximum displacement of the mass center at

the roof, computed separately for each earthquake record.

5. The results, though limited to the selected test example, show that the envelope

deflection profiles at the stiff side is suitable matched whereas at the flexible side

the pushover, performed amplifying the actual distribution of masses within walls

and floors, does not cover the peak values of nonlinear dynamic response. This

means that also in low-rise masonry buildings the pushover analysis should be

performed shifting the horizontal resultant force towards the flexible side to match

the peak values of nonlinear dynamic response. However, further researches are

needed to develop procedures to predict the top displacement to which the 3D

pushover analysis of plan asymmetric masonry building is to be targeted.

N. BouaananiAn(2011) :- Reliable assessment of seismic performance of structural systems

requires accurate and robust simulation techniques that can efficiently predict inelastic

response in the large deformation range, up to structural collapse. This paper presents a real-

time dynamic sub structuring (RTDS) test program carried out on steel moment resisting

frames (MRF) tested up to near collapse. A single-story, industrial building with steel MRFs

at perimeter was examined applying the Loma Prieta earthquake record . Real Time Dynamic

Sub structuring RTDS test program was carried out on a flexible steel moment resisting frame

subjected to significant inelastic, near collapse response to investigate the influence of

various techniques on the quality of the simulations. The structure response was characterized

by significant variations in lateral stiffness, particularly at load reversals. The physical model

included an inverted cantilever column specimen and involved only one translational degree

of freedom. This simple and cost effective hybrid simulation configuration required that the

kinematic rotational response at the beam-to-column joint be determined based on the

measured flexural stiffness of the test columns to enforce displacement compatibility.

Satisfactory results were obtained by making use of delay compensation techniques as well as

combination of low-pass filter and linear regression smoothing techniques to remove parasitic

high frequencies.

Xiaohu Meng( 2014) In the structural design of super high-rise, structure system not

only have an important influence on the security and economic of the structure, but also have

a significant impact on the use function and space form of the structure. This paper analyzes

the dynamic elastoplastic of a super high-rise building based on the rare earthquake, to verify

the

reliable of the super high-rise building. This paper analysed and studied the dynamic

elastoplastic of a super high-rise building in the highly seismic region .The performance can

be summarized as below:

(1) The overall seismic performance of the structure is good, the outer giant frame tube and

steel plate concrete inner tube has good resistance to lateral force effectiveness,

under six kinds of working conditions, the largest interlayer displacement angle is 1/101, less

than 1/100 of the limit stipulated in the codes. The maximum displacement between floors

and interlayer displacement angle are near the top of the structure.

(2) The outer frame tube keep elastic, some parts appear plastic deformation. The outer frame

tube component for the hinge mechanism under rare earthquake, which is accord

with the idea of buckling seismic engineering.

(3) Most of the shear wall injury lighter by compression, for the steel plate at the top of the

internal tube shear wall of the structure , because of the influence of structure stiffness

mutation and WHIPL- ASH effect, wall damage apparently, so that have very good energy

dissipation effect.
NIE Jianguo(2006):- They reported the following consederation and solution by investigating

the seismic behavior of concrete-filled rectangular steel tube (CFRT) structures, a push-over

analysis of a 10-story moment resisting frame (MRF) composed of CFRT columns and steel

beams was conducted. The results show that push-over analysis is sensitive to the lateral load

patterns, so the use of at least two load patterns that are expected to bound the inertia force

distributions is recommended. In this paper the seismic behaviors of five kinds of 10-story

frame structures, composed of CFRT columns,

CFT columns, and RC columns, have been studied. The seismic responses of the CFRT, CFT,

and RC structures in push-over analyses have been compared and some concluding remarks

can be obtained as follows:

1) The push-over analysis results show that the ductility and seismic behavior of the CFRT

structure are superior to those of the RC structures. Consequently, CFRT structures are

recommended in seismic regions.

2) Since the push-over analysis results are sensitive to the lateral load patterns, the use of at

least two load patterns that are expected to bound the inertia force distributions is

recommended in push-over analysis.