555 ( TIMER IC):

Fig. Timer IC(555)

Description:

The LM555 is a highly stable device for generating accurate time delays or oscillation.
Additional terminals are provided for triggering or resetting if desired. In the time delay mode of
operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external resistor and capacitor. For astable
operation as an oscillator, the free running frequency and duty cycle are accurately controlled
with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling
waveforms, and the output circuit can source or sink up to 200mA or drive TTL circuits.

PIN DIAGRAM:

Pin Name Purpose

1 GND Ground, low level (0 V)
2 TRIG OUT rises, and interval starts, when this input falls below 1/3 VCC.
3 OUT This output is driven to +Vcc or GND.
4 RESET A timing interval may be interrupted by driving this input to GND.
5 CTRL "Control" access to the internal voltage divider (by default, 2/3)
6 THR The interval ends when the voltage at THR is greater than at CTRL.
7 DIS Open collector output; may discharge a capacitor between intervals.
8 V+, VCC Positive supply voltage is usually between 3 and 15 V.
BLOCK DIAGRAM

MODES:
The 555 has three operating modes:

Monostable mode: in this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot" pulse generator.
Applications include timers, missing pulse detection, bounce free switches, and touch
switches, frequency divider, capacitance measurement, pulse width modulation (PWM)
and so on.
 Astable free running mode: the 555 can operate as an oscillator Uses include LED and
lamp flashers, pulse generation, logic clocks, tone generation, security alarms, pulse and
so on. Selecting a thermistor as timing resistor allows the use of the 555 in a temperature
sensor: the period of the output pulse is determined by the temperature. The use of a
microprocessor based circuit can then convert the pulse period to temperature, linearize it
and even provide calibration means.

Bistable mode or Schmitt trigger the 555 can operate as a flip flop if the DIS pin is not
connected and no capacitor is used. Uses include bounce-free latched switches.
Features:
Direct replacement for SE555/NE555
Timing from microseconds through hours
Operates in both astable and monostable modes
Adjustable duty cycle
Output can source or sink 200 mA
Output and supply TTL compatible
Temperature stability better than 0.005% per C
Normally on and normally off output
Available in 8-pin MSOP package

Applications:

Precision timing
Pulse generation
Sequential timing
Time delay generation
Pulse width modulation
Pulse position modulation
Linear ramp generator