Power System Relaying
forces, controlled switching, finite element method, power trans-
Bibliography of Relay Literature,
2000 IEEE Committee Report
Bibliography and Publicity Working Group of the IEEE Power
System Relaying Committee, Sidhu, T.S., Chairman
Abstract: The latest of a series of classified lists of power system
relaying references, begun in 1927, is presented. This bibliography is in
continuation to the bibliographies of relay literature, which were pub-
lished previously.
Preprint Order Number: PE-15OPRD (07-2001)
Discussion Deadline: December 2001
An Adaptive Scheme for
Parallel Line Distance Protection
Hu, Y.; Novosel, D.; Saha, M.; Leitloff, V.
Author Affiliation: ABB-USETI; ABB Automation Products AB;
EDF R&D Division
Abstract: This paper describes an adaptive protective relaying
scheme for parallel-line distance protection. The scheme adjusts its
operation, based on the availability of input signals, to achieve an op-
timal distance protection performance on parallel lines influenced by
mutual coupling effect. When available, zero sequence current from
the parallel line is used to fully compensate the mutual coupling ef-
fect. The zero sequence current ratio is used to avoid possible false
operations on a healthy line, which may result from such compensa-
tion. When the parallel lines' zero sequence current is not available,
the line operating status is used instead to select proper zero sequence
current compensation factors in impedance calculation. Default zero
sequence current compensation factor is used when both parallel
lines' zero sequence current and line operating status signals are not
available. The performance of the scheme has been verified on a sim-
ulated network and the results are presented.
Keywords: Protective relaying, adaptive systems, distance mea-
surement, coupled transmission lines, mutual coupling.
Preprint Order Number: PE-043PRD (07-2001)
Discussion Deadline: December 2001
Transformers
The Impact of Inrush Currents on the Mechanical
Stress of High-Voltage Power Transformer Coils
Steurer, M.; Frohlich, K.
Author Affiliation: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Abstract: From failure experience on power transformers very of-
ten it was suspected that inrush currents, occurring when energizing
unloaded transformers, were the reason for damage. In this paper it
was investigated how mechanical forces within the transformer coils
build up under inrush compared to those occurring at short circuit. 2D
and 3D computer modeling for a real 268 MVA, 525/17.75 kV
three-legged step up transformer were employed. The results show
that inrush current peaks of 70% of the rated short circuit current
cause local forces in the same order of magnitude as those at short cir-
cuit. The resulting force summed up over the high voltage coil is even
three times higher. Although inrush currents are normally smaller, the
forces can have similar amplitudes as those at short circuit, with lon-
ger exposure time, however. Therefore, care has to be taken to avoid
such high inrush currents. Today controlled switching offers an ele-
gant and practical solution.
64
Keywords: Inrush currents, short circuit currents, electromagnetic
former.
Preprint Order Number: PE-033PRD (07-2001)
Discussion Deadline: December 2001
Transmission and Distribution
Time-Varying Harmonics: Part II-
Harmonic Summation and Propagation
Baghzouz, Y., Chair; Burch, R.F.; Capasso, A.; Cavallini, A.;
Emanuel, A.E.; Halpin, M.; Langella, R.; Montanari, G.;
Olejniczak, Kj.; Ribeiro, P.; Rios-Marcuello, S.; Ruggiero, F.;
Thallam, R.; Testa, A.; Verde, P.
Author Affiliation: Probabilistic Aspects Task Force of the Har-
monics Working Group Subcommittee
Abstract: This paper represents the second part of a two-part article
reviewing the state-of-the-art of probabilistic aspects of harmonics in
electric power systems. It includes tools for calculating probabilities of
rectangular and phasor components of individual as well as multiple
harmonic sources. A procedure for determining the statistical distribu-
tion of voltages resulting from dispersed and random current sources is
reviewed. Some applications of statistical representation of harmonics
are also discussed.
Keywords: Time-varying harmonics, sum of random phasors, volt-
age distortion, statistical analysis.
Preprint Order Number: PE-099PRD (07-2001)
Discussion Deadline: December 2001
2001 Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems
6-9 November 2001
San Diego, California
The 2001 Symposium on Nuclear Power Systems (SNPS)
will be held 6-9 November 2001 in San Diego, California. The
sessions will again be held in conjunction with the Nuclear
Science Symposium. The technical sessions on nuclear power
systems cover subjects currently of major interest to the oper-
ation of nuclear power stations and supporting services and
suppliers, including:
* Upgrading digital technology for reactor protection, I&C,
and other systems
* Reliability-based maintenance and plant modernization
* New aspects on equipment qualifications
* Plant life extension with cost-effectiveness
* A special annual overview report of major importance to
nuclear power utilities
* Plenary sessions with reports applicable to operating
NPGS
* And more.
For more information, contact Jay Forster, GE Nuclear
Energy, M/C 801, 175 Curtner Avenue, San Jose, CA 95125
USA; +1 408 925 5090, fax +1 408 925 5376, e-mail
jay.forster@gene.ge.com.
IEEE Power Engineering Review, October 2001