1. Lesson : Organizational Structures for Financial Reporting
Lesson overview Organizational structures occur in all important functional areas of the SAP system. The most important organizational elements in Financial Accounting are the company code and the business area. They are introduced here. The most important organizational element of the Controlling application is the controlling area. Lesson objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to : 1. Describe the purpose of company codes businnes areas 2. Describe the options for assigning company code(s) to a controlling area Controlling area The controlling area is the most important organizational element in the controlling application. The latter is used for internal accounting. A controlling area identifies a self-contained organizational structure for which costs and revenues can be managed and allocated. It represents a separate unit of costs accounting. IDES Controlling Areas The IDES group uses five controlling areas : 1. 1000 for germany, the united kingdom, portugal and spain 2. 2200 for france 3. 2000 for the USA and canada 4. 5000 for japan 5. 6000 for mexico
2. Lesson : G/L Master Records
Chart of accounts Each general ledger is set up according to a chart of accounts. The chart of accounts contains the definitions of all G/L accounts in an ordered form. The definition consist mainly of the account number, account name, and the type of G/L account, that is, whether the account is a P&L-type account or a balance-sheet-type account. Account groups are used to organize and manage a large number of G/L accounts. Whenever a new G/L account is created, an account group must be specified for it. Reconciliation accounts connect subsidiary ledgers with the general ledger in real time. This means that a posting to a subsidiary ledger posts to the corresponding reconciliation account in the general ledger at the same time. A transaction figure describe the total of all postingson an account in debit or credit. One transaction figure for debit one transaction figure for credit are always kept for each account in the SAP system. The financial statement for the company code are calculated using these transaction figures. 3. Lesson : Accounting Transaction-Processing in the General Ledger Work templates Here, you can select screen variants, account assignment templates, or held documents as references. A held documents is a document that a user saves without posting it, with the idea that the user will complete and post the held document later. Header data Header data applies to the whole document, such as posting date and document type. Line item information Here, the line items of the document are entered Information area Here, the debit and credit balances are displayed by using a traffic light icon Each line item contains axactly one posting key. This is an instrument that is used for internal control and is entered in the complex posting screen to tell the system : 1. Which account type is being posted to 2. Wheter the line item is a debit or credit posting