TUYN TP CC BT HU C KH TRONG CC THI TH 2016.

THI TH THPT QG THAM KHO

Cu 44: Hn hp M gm mt axit cacboxylic n chc X, mt axit cacboxylic hai chc Y (hai axit u
mch h, cng lin ) v hai ancol n chc l ng ng k tip. t chy hon ton m gam M thu
c 4,32 gam H2O v 4,704 lt CO2 (ktc). Thc hin phn ng este ha m gam M (hiu sut 100%),
sn phm thu c ch c H 2O v 5,4 gam cc este thun chc. Phn trm khi lng ancol c phn
t khi nh hn trong hn hp M l

A. 21,05%. B. 6,73%. C. 39,47%. D. 32,75%.

Cu 46: Bit X l axit cacboxylic n chc, Y l ancol no, c hai cht u mch h, c cng s nguyn
t cacbon. t chy hon ton 0,4 mol hn hp gm X v Y (trong s mol ca X ln hn s mol ca
Y) cn va 30,24 lt kh O 2, thu c 26,88 lt kh CO2 v 19,8 gam H2O. Bit th tch cc kh
o iu kin tiu chun. Khi lng X trong 0,4 mol hn hp trn l

A. 18,0 gam. B. 10,8 gam. C. 11,4 gam. D. 9,0 gam.

Cu 47: Hn hp M gm ba peptit mch h A, B, C c t l mol tng ng 2 : 3 : 4. Thy phn hon

ton 35,97 gam M thu c hn hp sn phm gm 0,29 mol X v 0,18 mol Y (X, Y u l cc amino
axit no c 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH trong phn t). Bit tng s lin kt peptit trong ba phn t
A, B, C l 16. Nu t chy 4x mol A hoc 3x mol B u thu c s mol CO 2 nh nhau. t chy
V
x
hon ton m gam hn hp M thu c V lt N2 (ktc), 16,576 lt CO2 (ktc) v x mol H2O. T l gn
nht vi gi tr no sau y?

A. 6,7. B. 3,5. C. 3,9. D. 6,6.

Cu 49: Hn hp X gm 3 este n chc, to thnh t cng mt ancol Y vi 3 axit cacboxylic (phn t

ch c nhm -COOH). Trong , c hai axit no l ng ng k tip nhau v mt axit khng no (cha
mt lin kt i C=C trong phn t). Thy phn hon ton 4,40 gam X bng dung dch NaOH, thu c
hn hp mui v m gam ancol Y. Cho m gam Y vo bnh ng Na d, sau phn ng thu c 672 ml
kh (ktc) v khi lng bnh tng 1,86 gam. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton 4,40 gam X th thu c
CO2 v 2,88 gam H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca este khng no trong X l

A. 33,64%. B. 34,01%. C. 39,09%. D. 27,27%.

TIN LNG LN 4 2016

Cu 34: . X l hn hp gm mt axit no, mt andehit no v mt ancol (khng no, c mt ni i v s

C < 5 trong phn t). t chy hon ton 0,06 mol X thu c 0,18 mol CO 2 v 2,7 gam nc. Mt
khc, cho Na d vo lng X trn thy thot ra 1,12 lt kh (ktc). Nu cho NaOH d vo lng X trn
th s mol NaOH phn ng l 0,04 mol.Bit cc phn ng hon ton. Phn trm khi lng ca andehit
trong X l :
1
 A. 12,36% B. 13,25% C. 14,25% D. 11,55%

Cu 36: . Cho 0,225mol hn hp M gm hai peptit mch h l X (x mol) v Y (y mol), u to bi

glyxin v alanin. un nng 0,225mol M trong lng d dung dch NaOH th c 0,775mol NaOH phn
ng. Mt khc, nu t chy hon ton x mol X hoc y mol Y u thu c cng s mol CO 2. Tng s
nguyn t oxi ca hai peptit trong hn hp M l 9. Tng s nguyn t Hidro ca hai peptit trong M l:

A. 34. B. 33. C. 35. D. 36.

Cu 41: . Cho hn hp X gm A (C 5H16O3N2) v B (C4H12O4N2) tc dng vi mt lng dung dch

NaOH va , un nng n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ri c cn thu c m gam hn hp Y gm
hai mui D v E (MD < ME) v 4,48 lt (ktc) hn hp Z gm hai amin no, n chc ng ng k tip
c t khi hi i vi H2 l 18,3. Khi lng ca mui E trong hn hp Y l:

A. 4,24 gam. B. 3,18 gam. C. 5,36 gam. D. 8,04 gam.

Cu 47: . Cht hu c mch h X c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht. t chy
hon ton m gam X cn va 6,72 lt O2 (ktc), thu c 0,55 mol hn hp gm CO2 v H2O. Hp th
ht sn phm chy vo 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 1M, sau phn ng khi lng phn dung dch gim
bt 2 gam. Cho m gam X tc dng va vi 0,1 mol NaOH, thu c 0,9 gam H 2O v mt cht hu
c Y. Pht biu no sau y sai?

A. t chy hon ton Y thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l mol 1 : 1.

B. X phn ng c vi NH3 .

C. C 4 cng thc cu to ph hp vi X.

D. Tch nc Y thu c cht hu c khng c ng phn hnh hc.

Cu 49: . Cho X, Y l 2 cht thuc dy ng ng ca axit acrylic v M X < MY ; Z l ancol c cng s

nguyn t C vi X; T l este 2 chc c to bi X, Y v Z. t chy hon ton 11,16 gam hn hp E
gm X, Y, Z v T cn va 13,216 lit kh O 2 (ktc) thu c kh CO 2 v 9,36 gam nc. Mt khc
11,16 gam E tc dng ti a vi dung dch cha 0,04 mol Br 2 . Khi lng mui thu c khi cho cng
lng E trn tc dng ht vi dung dch KOH d gn nht vi gi tri no di y?

A. 4,88 gam B. 5,44 gam C. 5,04 gam D. 5,80 gam

NAM YN THNH LN 1 - 2016

Cu 37: Hn hn X gm propilen, axetilen, butan v hidro. Cho m gam X vo bnh kn (c xc tc Ni,

khng cha khng kh). Nung nng bnh n phn ng hon ton thu c hn Y.t chy hon ton Y
cn V lt O2 (ktc) thu c hn hp Z gm kh v hi. Cho Z li t t qua bnh ng H 2SO4 c d
thy khi lng bnh tng 3,96 gam. Bit hn hp Y lm mt mu ti a 50 ml dung dch Br 2 1M (dung
mi CCl4). Cho 3,36 lt hn hp X i qua bnh ng dung dch Br2 d (dung mi CCl4) c 19,2 gam
brom phn ng. gi tr ca V l.

A. 8,96 lt B. 6,944 lt C. 13,44 lt D. 6,72 lt

2
Cu 39: Thy phn hon ton m gam hn hp M gm tetrapeptit X v pentapeptit Y (u mch h)
bng dung dch KOH va , ri c cn cn thn th thu c (m + 11,42) gam hn hp mui khan ca
Val v Ala. t chy hon ton mui sinh ra bng mt lng oxi va thu c K 2CO3; 2,464 lt N2
(ktc) v 50,96 gam hn hp gm CO2 v H2O. Phn trm khi lng ca Y trong hn hp M c th l

A. 55,24%. B. 45,98%. C. 54,54%. D. 64,59%.

Cu 44: X, Y, Z l ba axit cacboxylic n chc cng dy ng ng (MX < MY < MZ ), T l este to

bi X, Y, Z vi mt ancol no, ba chc, mch h E. t chy hon ton 26,6 gam hn hp M gm X, Y,
Z, T (trong Y v Z c cng s mol) bng lng va kh O 2, thu c 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc) v 16,2
gam H2O. Mt khc, un nng 26,6 gam M vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Sau khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Mt khc, cho 13,3 gam M phn ng ht vi 400 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M v un nng, thu c dch N. C cn dung dch N thu c m gam cht rn khan. Gi tr
ca m gn nht vi

A. 38,04. B. 24,74 C. 16,74 D. 25,10.

QUNG NAM M 218 NM 2016

Cu 41. Hn hp X gm glixerol, metan, ancol etylic v axit no, n chc mch h Y, trong s mol
metan gp 2 ln s mol glixerol. t chy ht m gam X cn 6,832 lt O 2 (ktc), thu c 6,944 lt CO 2
(ktc). Nu cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 2,5M, ri c cn dung dch sau
phn ng th thu c a gam cht rn khan. Gi tr ca a l

A. 12,48. B. 10,88. C. 13,12. D. 14,72.

Cu 43. Thy phn m gam hn hp X gm mt s este n chc, mch h bng dung dch NaOH va
thu c a gam hn hp mui v b gam hn hp ancol. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp mui
trong O2 va thu c hn hp kh Y v 11,13 gam Na2CO3. Dn ton b Y qua bnh ng dung dch
Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 34,5 gam kt ta, ng thi thy khi lng bnh tng 19,77 gam so vi ban u.
un b gam hn hp ancol vi H2SO4 c 1400C thu c 6,51 gam hn hp cc ete. Cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton. Gi tr m l A. 25,86. B. 11,64. C. 19,35. D. 17,46.

Cu 46. Hn hp X gm valin v ipeptit glyxylalanin. Cho m gam X vo 100 ml dung dch H 2SO4
0,5M (long), thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y phn ng va vi 100 ml dung dch gm NaOH
1M v KOH 1,75M un nng, thu c dung dch cha 30,725 gam mui. Phn trm khi lng ca
valin trong X l A. 65,179. B. 54,588. C. 45,412. D. 34,821.

Cu 47. Peptit X v peptit Y u mch h c tng s lin kt peptit bng 8. Thy phn hon ton X
cng nh Y u thu c Gly v Val. t chy hon ton hn hp E cha X v Y c t l mol tng ng
1:3 cn dng 22,176 lt O2 (ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy gm CO2, H2O v N2 qua bnh ng dung
dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 46,48 gam, kh thot ra khi bnh c th tch 2,464 lt
(ktc). Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp E c gi tr gn nht vi

A. 14. B. 29. C. 19. D. 24.

Cu 48. Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c mch h A v B, trong phn t u cha C, H, O v c s nguyn

t hiro gp i s nguyn t cacbon. Nu ly cng s mol A hoc B phn ng ht vi Na th u thu c
V lt H2. Cn nu hiro ha cng s mol A hoc B nh trn th cn ti a 2V lt H2 (cc th tch kh o trong
cng iu kin). Cho 33,8 gam X phn ng vi Na d, thu c 5,6 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, 33,8 gam X
3
phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 d trong NH3, lng Ag sinh ra phn ng ht vi dung dch HNO3 c, thu
c 13,44 lt NO2 (ktc, l sn phm kh duy nht). Nu t chy hon ton 33,8 gam X th cn V lt
(ktc) O2. Gi tr ca V gn nht vi A. 41. B. 44. C. 42. D. 43.

Cu 50. Hn hp X gm etanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol v pentan-1-ol. Oxi ha khng hon ton mt

lng X bng CuO nung nng, sau mt thi gian thu c H 2O v hn hp Y gm 4 anehit tng ng
v 4 ancol d. t chy hon ton Y cn dng va 21 lt O 2 (ktc), thu c H2O v 15,12 lt CO2
(ktc). Mt khc, cho ton b lng Y trn phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, un
nng. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l

A. 43,2. B. 64,8. C. 32,4. D. 27,0.

LNG 1 LN 2 2016

Cu 47: Chia 0,15 mol hn hp X gm mt s cht hu c (trong phn t cng cha C, H v O) thnh
ba phn bng nhau. t chy phn mt bng mt lng oxi va ri hp th ton b sn phm chy
vo bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c 5 gam kt ta. Phn hai tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c 8,64 gam Ag. Phn ba tc dng vi mt lng Na va thu c 0,448 lt
H2 (ktc). Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng ca 0,15 mol hn hp X l

A. 6,48 gam. B. 5,58 gam. C. 5,52 gam. D. 6,00 gam.

Cu 48: X, Y, Z l 3 este u n chc, mch h (trong Y v Z khng no c mt lin kt C=C v c

tn ti ng phn hnh hc). t chy 21,62 gam hn hp E cha X, Y, Z vi oxi va , sn phm
chy dn qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng dung dch gim 34,5 gam so vi trc phn ng.
Mt khc, un nng 21,62 gam E vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M (va ), thu c hn hp F ch
cha 2 mui v hn hp gm 2 ancol k tip thuc cng dy ng ng. Khi lng ca mui c khi
lng phn t ln trong hn hp F l:

A. 8,64 gam. B. 4,68 gam. C. 9,72 gam. D. 8,10 gam.

Cu 50: t chy hon ton 0,6 mol hn hp E cha ancol X; este n chc Y v anehit Z (X, Y, Z
u no, mch h v c cng s nguyn t hiro) c t l mol tng ng 3:1:2 thu c 24,64 lt CO 2
(ktc) v 21,6 gam nc. Mt khc cho 0,6 mol hn hp E trn tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, un nng thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr m l:

A. 64,8 gam. B. 97,2 gam. C. 86,4 gam. D. 108 gam.

QUNG NINH 2016

Cu 43: Z l hp cht hu c ch cha C, H, O, c cng thc phn t trng vi cng thc n gin nht.
em 2,85 gam Z tc dng vi H2O (trong mi trng H+), phn ng to ra hai cht hu c P, Q. Khi t
chy hon ton lng P v Q trn th P to ra 0,09 mol CO2 v 0,09 mol H2O; Q to ra 0,03 mol CO2 v
0,045 mol H2O, th tch oxi tiu tn cho c hai qu trnh t chy l 3,024 lt (ktc). Bit Z tc dng c
vi Na gii phng H2; cht P c khi lng phn t bng 90 gam.mol-1 v Q l hp cht n chc. S
ng phn ph hp ca Z l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Cu 37: Cho hn hp X gm C3H7COOH, C4H8(NH2)2, HO-CH2-CH=CH-CH2OH. t chy hon ton
m gam hn hp X ri dn sn phm chy cho hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 thy to ra 20
gam kt ta v dung dch Y. un nng dung dch Y thy xut hin kt ta. C cn dung dch Y ri nung
4
 cht rn n khi lng khng i ri em cn th thy cn c 5,6 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,4. B. 7,2. C. 8,2. D. 8,8.
CHUYN HV LN 3 2016

Cu 32: Ba cht hu c bn X, Y, Z cha C, H, O c phn t khi lp thnh mt cp s cng, khi t

chy mt lng vi t l bt k ca X, Y, Z u thu c mCO2 gp 44/9 ln mH2O. X v Y p vi Na vi
t l mol tng ng l 1 : 1 v 1 : 2. Cho 0,12 mol hh cng s mol ca X, Y, Z p vi dd AgNO3/NH3
d n p hon ton u to ra mt sn phm hu c duy nht T trong dd. Khi lng ca T c th l
A. 18,44 gam. B. 14,88 gam. C. 16,66 gam. D. 8,76 gam.
Cu 41: Hh M gm axit axetic, ancol metylic v este n chc X. t chy hon ton 2,44 gam M cn
0,09 mol O2 v thu c 1,8 gam H2O. Nu ly 0,1 mol M em p vi Na d th thu c 0,672 lt H 2
(ktc). Phn trm s mol ca axit axetic trong hh M l
A. 25,00%. B. 40,00%. C. 20,00%. D. 24,59%.
Cu 48: un nng 0,03 mol hai ancol vi H2SO4 c 1400C thu c 0,742 gam hh 3 ete. Tch ly
ancol cha tham gia p(ancol c phn t khi nh cn 40% v ancol c phn t khi ln hn cn 60%
so vi ban u), un vi H2SO4 c 1700C (hiu sut cc p u l 100%) thu c V lt (ktc) hh hai
anken ng ng k tip. Gi tr ca V gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 0,358. B. 0,336. C. 0,670. D. 0,448.
Cu 43: Cht hu c X cha C, H, O, N. t chy 0,01 mol X bng lng va 0,0875 mol O2. Sau
p chy, sc ton b sn phm vo nc vi trong d. Sau cc p, thy tch ra 7,0 gam kt ta v khi
lng dung dch thu c gim 2,39 gam so vi khi lng nc vi trong ban u, ng thi c 0,336
lt kh thot ra (ktc). Khi ly 4,46 gam X p va vi 60 ml dd NaOH 1M, un nng sau khi cc p
xy ra hon ton thu c dd Y cha m gam 3 cht tan gm mt mui ca axit hu c n chc v hai
mui ca hai aminoaxit (u cha 1 nhm -COOH v 1 nhm - NH2, phn t khi hn km nhau 14
vC). Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,80 gam. B. 5,44 gam. C. 6,14 gam. D. 6,50 gam.

NGUYN KHUYN 2016

Cu 1. Hn hp X gm mt anehit, mt axit cacboxylic v mt este (trong axit v este l ng phn

ca nhau). t chy hon ton 0,2 mol X cn 0,625 mol O 2, thu c 0,525 mol CO2 v 0,525 mol
nc. Nu em ton b lng anehit trong X cho phn ng hon ton vi mt lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3 th khi lng Ag to ra l :
A. 64,8 gam. B. 21,6 gam. C. 16,2 gam. D. 32,4 gam.
Cu 2. Mt hn hp Y gm 2 este A, B mch h (M A< MB). Nu un nng 15,7 gam hn hp Y vi dung
dch NaOH d th thu c mt mui ca axit hu c n chc v 7,6 gam hn hp 2 ancol no n
chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Nu t chy 15,7 gam hn hp Y cn dng va ht 21,84 lt
O2 v thu c 17,92 lt CO2. Cc th tch kh o ktc. Phn trm khi lng ca A trong hn hp Y
l
A. 63,69%. B. 40,57%. C. 36,28%. D. 48,19%.
Cu 3. un nng 0,08 mol hn hp E gm hai peptit X (C xHyOzN6) v Y (CnHmO6Nt) cn dng 300 ml
dung dch NaOH 1,5M ch thu c dung dch cha a gam mui ca glyxin v b gam mui ca
alanin. Mt khc, t chy 60,90 gam E trong O2 va thu c hn hp CO2, H2O v N2, trong
tng khi lng ca CO2 v nc l 136,14 gam. T l a : b gn nht vi gi tr no sau y:
A. 0,765. B. 0,625. C. 0,750. D. 0,875.
Cu 4. Hn hp X gm hai ancol ng ng k tip. un m gam X vi H2SO4 c, thu c H2O v hn
hp cc cht hu c Y gm hai ancol v ba ete. t chy hon ton Y cn dng va 7,56 lt O2
(ktc), sinh ra 5,04 lt CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, cho m gam X i qua ng s ng CuO (d) un nng.
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Z gm 2 cht hu c v hi nc. Cho Z

5
 tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 un nng, thu c 16,2 gam Ag. Tn
thay th ca ancol c khi lng mol phn t ln hn trong X l
A. butan-2-ol B. propan-1-ol C. butan-1-ol D. propan-2-ol
Cu 5. un nng m gam hn hp X (R-COO-R1; R-COO-R2) vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1,38M thu
c dung dch Y v 15,4 gam hn hp T gm hai ancol n chc l ng ng lin tip. Cho ton b
lng T tc dng vi Na d thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn Y thu c cht rn ri ly cht
rn ny em nung vi CaO xc tc n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 7,2 gam mt kh. Gi
tr ca m l
A. 20,44. B. 40,60. C. 34,51. D. 31,00.

THAM KHO S 1 2016

Cu 44: Cho m gam hn hp X gm mt peptit A v mt amino axit B ( MA > 4MB) c trn theo t l
mol 1 : 1 tc dng vi mt lng dung dch NaOH va thu c dung dch Y cha (m + 12,24) gam
hn hp mui natri ca glyxin v alanin. Dung dch Y phn ng ti a vi 360 ml dung dch HCl 2M
thu c dung dch Z cha 63,72 gam hn hp mui. Cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Kt lun no sau
y ng?

A. A c 5 lin kt peptit.

B. B c thnh phn phn trm khi lng nit l 15,73%.

C. T l s phn t glyxin v alanin trong phn t A l 3 : 2.

D. A c thnh phn trm khi lng nit l 20,29%.

Cu 46: E l mt este 3 chc, mch h. un nng 7,9 gam E vi dung dch NaOH d, n khi phn
ng hon ton thu c ancol X v 8,6 gam hn hp mui Y. Tch nc t X c th thu c propenal.
Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 thu c 3 axit hu no, mch h, n chc (trong 2 axit c
khi lng phn t nh l ng phn ca nhau). Cng thc phn t ca axit c khi lng phn t ln
hn l:

A. C5H10O2 B. C7H14O2 C. C6H12O2 D. C5H12O2

Cu 44: p n : A

Trong Y: NH2-CH2-COONa (a mol) v NH2-CH(CH3)-COONa (b mol) =>nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0,72

mmui = 110,5a + 124,5b + 58,5(a+b) = 63,72 =>a = 27/175 v b = 36/175 => nGly : nAla = 3 : 4 Nu A l
(Gly)3(Ala)3 v B l Ala th A v B u ng nn loi. Nu A l (Gly)2(Ala)4 v B l Gly => A ng
Cu 46: p n : A

V Y gm 3 mui khc nhau => ancol X l triol

Mag khi tch nc thu c propenal CH2=CH-CHO => ancol l C3H5(OH)3
Xt tng qut : 1 mol C3H5 -> 3 mol Na
=> mmui meste = (3.23 41)neste => neste = 0,025 mol => ME = 316g.
6
V trong Y c 2 mui ca 2 axit l ng phn ca nhau
=> 2R1 + R2 + 44.3 + 41 = 316
=> 2R1 + R2 = 143
V R1 < R2 => R1 < 47,67 < R2
+) R1 = 15 => R2 = 113 ; +) R1 = 29 => R2 = 85 ; +) R1 = 43 => R2 = 57 (C4H9) c trong p n
THI TH THPT QG LN 2 2016

Cu 38. Cht X c cng thc phn t C6H8O4 . Cho 1 mol X phn ng ht vi dung dch NaOH, thu
c cht Y v 2 mol cht Z. un Z vi dung dch H 2SO4 c, thu c imetyl ete. Cht Y phn ng
vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c ch t T. Cho T phn ng vi HBr, thu c hai sn phm l
ng phn cu to ca nhau. Pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Cht T khng c ng phn hnh hc.

B. Cht X phn ng vi H2 (Ni, to) theo t l mol 1 : 3.

C. Cht Y c cng thc phn t C4H4O4Na2.

D. Cht Z lm mt mu nc brom.

un Z vi H2SO4 c thu c imetyl ete Z l CH3OH, m 1 mol X + NaOH thu c 2 mol Z

X l este 2 chc c dng R(COOCH 3)2 CTCT ca X l C2H2(COOCH3)2 CTCT ca Y l
C2H2(COONa)2 v ca T l C2H2(COOH)2. M T + HBr thu c 2 sn phm T c cu to
khng i xng CTCT ca T l CH2=C(COOH)2 CTCT ca X l CH2=C(COOCH3)2

Cu 41. Hai cht hu c X v Y, thnh phn nguyn t u gm C, H, O, c cng s nguyn t

cacbon (MX < MY). Khi t chy hon ton mi cht trong oxi d u thu c s mol H 2O bng s
mol CO2. Cho 0,1 mol hn hp gm X v Y phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3
trong NH3, thu c 28,08 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l

A. 39,66%. B. 60,34%. C. 21,84%. D. 78,16%.

V t chy X v Y u thu c s mol CO2 = s mol H2O c k = 1.

Cho 0,1 mol hn hp X v Y trng bc thu c 0,26 mol Ag c 1 cht l HCHO

v 2 cht c cng s C cht cn li cng c 1 cacbon, m n phi cha oxi v c k = 1 ch c

th l axit HCOOH.

Vy X l HCHO (a mol) v Y l HCOOH (b mol) a + b = 0,1 (1)

Li c: HCHO 4Ag v HCOOH 2Ag

tng s mol Ag = 4a + 2b = 0,26 a = 0,03 v b = 0,07 (mol)

7
 %X = 21,84% C

Cu 49. Cho X, Y l hai axit cacboxylic n chc mch h (M X < MY); T l este hai chc to bi X, Y
v mt ancol no mch h Z. t chy hon ton 6,88 gam hn hp E gm X, Y, T bng mt lng va
O2, thu c 5,6 lit CO 2 (ktc) v 3,24 gam nc. Mt khc 6,88 gam E tc dng vi dung dch
AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 12,96 gam Ag. khi cho cng lng E trn tc dng vi 150 ml dung dch KOH
1M ri c cn th khi lng rn khan thu c l

A. 10,54 gam B. 14,04 gam C. 12,78 gam D. 13,66 gam

V E c phn ng trng bc X l HCOOH (v MX < MY), gi CT ca Y l R-COOH v CT ca Z

l R(OH)2
CT ca T l HCOO-R-OOC-R.
Gi s mol ca X, Y, T trong hn hp E l a, b, c (mol)
S mol Ag = 0,12 mol 2a + 2d = 0,12 a + c = 0,06 (1)
Khi lng hn hp E = 46a + (R+45)b + (R + R + 89)c = 6,88
46(a+c) + 45(b+c) + (b+c)R + (R-2)c = 6,88 (2)
Khi t chy E, bo ton khi lng ta c: mE + mO2 = mCO2 + mH2O
mO2 = 7,36 gam nO2 = 0,23 mol
Bo ton nguyn t oxi ta c: nO(E) + 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O nO(E) = 0,22 mol
2a + 2b + 4c = 0,22 a + b + 2c = 0,11 (3)
T (1) v (3) b + c = 0,05 mol (4)
Thay (1) v (4) vo (2) 005R = 1,87 - (R-2)c 0,05R < 1,87 R < 37,4
Li c khi cho E tc dng vi KOH c cc phng trnh ha hc sau:
HCOOH + KOH HCOOK + H2O
a a a
RCOOH + KOH RCOOK + H2O
b b b
HCOO-R-OOCR + 2KOH HCOOK + RCOOK + R(OH)2
c 2c c c
tng s mol KOH phn ng l a + b + 2c = 0,11 mol
s mol KOH d l 0,15 0,11 = 0,04 mol
cht rn gm: HCOOK (a+c mol); RCOOK (b+c mol); KOH (0,04 mol)
m = 84(a+c) + (R + 83)(b+c) + 56.0,04 = 11,43 + 0,05R
vi R < 37,4 v R>0 11,43 < m < 13,35 C
Cu 50. Hn hp A gm 3 cht X, Y, Z l ba hidrocacbon mch h c cng CTGN (theo th t tng
dn v s nguyn t cacbon) trong C chim 92,31% v khi lng. Khi t chy 0,01 mol Z thu
c khng qu 2,75 gam CO 2. Cho 3,12 gam hn hp A (c s mol cc cht bng nhau) tc dng vi
lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c ti a m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m gam l :
A. 13,82 B. 11,68 C. 15,96 D. 7,98
Gi CTGN ca 3 hidrocacbon l CxHy %C = 12x/(12x + y).100% = 92,93% x:y = 1:1

CTGN ca 3 hidrocacbon l CH

Li c khi t chy 0,01 nol Z thu c s mol CO2 < 0,0625 s cacbon ca Z < 6,25

cc CTPT c th c ca X, Y, Z l C2H2, C3H3, C4H4, C5H5, C6H6 v s hidro l chn

X l C2H2, Y l C4H4, Z l C6H6.

Tnh c s mol ca 3 cht u l 0,02 mol

8
 thu c lng kt ta ln nht th c X, Y, Z u phi tc dng c vi AgNO 3/NH3 v tc
dng vi t l ln nht CTCT ca cc cht phi l: CHCH; CHC-CH=CH 2; CHC-C2H4-
CHCH

Khi cc kt ta thu c l: AgCCAg (0,02 mol); AgCC-CH=CH 2 (0,02 mol) v AgCC-

C2H4-CHCAg (0,02 mol)

m = 240.0,02 + 159.0,02 + 292.0,02 = 13,82 gam A

THI TH THPT QG 2016

Cu 45. Cho hn hp X gm mt ester E v hai axit cacboxylic A v B n chc, mch h. Bit E v A

l ng phn ca nhau; hai axit A v B c tng s C trong phn t khng ln hn 5. t chy hon ton
9,6 gam X thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 5,4 gam nc. Mt khc nu cho 9,6 gam X tc dng vi
Na d thu c 0,84 lt kh H2. Nu cho 9,6 gam X tc dng va vi dung dch NaOH d th khi
lng mui thu c l

A. 12,75g B. 11,85g C. 12,90g D. 10,95g

Cu 48. Cho hn hp X gm metanol, etylen glicol, glyxerol, etyl metacrylat, metyl propionat, etyl
axetat trong s mol metanol v glyxerol bng nhau. Bit 24,2 gam X c th cng ti a 0,12 mol Br2
trong dung dch. Mt khc 24,2 gam X tc dng vi kim loi Na d thu c 2,688 lt kh H2 (ktc). t
chy hon ton 24,2 gam X cn dng V lt kh O2 (ktc) sinh ra V lt kh CO2 (ktc) v m gam nc.
Kt lun ng l

A. Gi tr ca V l 36,96 B. Gi tr ca V l 22,4

C. Gi tr ca m l 19,8 D. Khng th chng minh cc kt lun

45. B

t chy X thu c s mol CO2 v nc ln lt l 0,35 v 0,3.

V E v A l ng phn nn E cng phi l ester n chc c 2 nguyn t O trong phn t.

Khi lng O c trong X l mO = 9,6 0,35.12 + 0,3.2 = 4,8 g

S mol O c trong X l 4,8/16 = 0,3

m mi cht c ng 2 nguyn t O trong phn t nn nX = 0,3/2 = 0,15

S C trung bnh l 0,35/0,15 2,3333.

Nh vy trong X c t nht mt cht c 2 nguyn t C trong phn t.

S mol H2 thu c khi X tc dng vi Na d l 0,84/22,4 = 0,0375.

=> tng s mol ca hai axit l 0,0375.2 = 0,075

9
=> s mol ester E l 0,15 0,075 = 0,075

Xt phn ng chy c chnh lch s mol ca CO2 v nc l 0,35 0,3 = 0,05

Nu E cha no th chnh lch s mol ca CO2 v nc phi nhiu hn s mol ca E l 0,075

Trn thc t, ch c th xy ra trng hp axit B cha no c t nht 3C.

=> theo s C trung bnh, E v A buc phi c s C l 2. Do , E l HCOOCH3 v A l CH3COOH.

=> axit B c ng 3 nguyn t C trong phn t. Axit c th l CH2=CHCOOH hoc CHCCOOH

B l axit CH2=CHCOOH th nB = 0,05 => nA = 0,075 0,05 = 0,025

=> mX = 0,075.60 + 0,025.60 + 0,05.72 = 9,6 (hp l)

B l axit CHCCOOH th nB = 0,025 => nA = 0,075 0,025 = 0,05

=> mX = 0,075.60 + 0,05.60 + 0,025.70 = 9,25 (mu thun vi bi)

=> Cc mui thu c gm HCOONa (0,075 mol); CH3COONa (0,025 mol); C2H3COONa (0,05 mol)

=> m = 0,075.68 + 0,025.82 + 0.05.94 = 11,85 g

48. C

Hn hp X cha CH4O, C2H6O2, C3H8O3, C6H10O2; C4H8O2 (hai cht)

V s mol metanol v glyxerol bng nhau nn hai cht c cng thc trung bnh C2H6O2 ging etylen
glicol.

Gi x l s mol metanol, y l s mol etylenglicol => s mol glyxerol l x

Ch c metyl metacrylat cng brom nn s mol metyl metacrylat l 0,12

Quy i metanol v glyxerol thnh 2x mol etylen glicol. Khi X c tng cng (2x + y) mol etylten
glicol.

S mol H2 thu c t phn ng vi Na l 2,688/22,4 = 0,12.

Etylen glicol (C2H6O2) sinh ra H2 theo t l mol 1 : 1 => 2x + y = 0,12.

Nh vy X li c 0,12 mol C6H10O2 v 0,12 mol C2H6O2 nn c th quy i hai cht thnh C4H8O2
tc l cng cng thc phn t vi c metyl propionat v etyl axetat. Vy c th xem hn hp X ch gm
cc ng phn c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 vi tng s mol l 24,2/88 = 0,275.

S mol CO2 v nc bng nhau v bng 0,275.4 = 1,1. S mol O2 cn dng l 0,275.5 = 1,375

=> V = 1,375.22,4 = 30,8; V = 1,1.22,4 = 24,68; m = 1,1,18 = 19,8. Chn p n C.

Cu 31. Hn hp X gm mt ancol A1, mt axit cacboxylic A2 v mt ester E to thnh t A1 v A2. Bit

E l cc cht trong X u no, n chc, mch h. t chy hon ton m gam X cn dng va 18,704

10
lt kh oxi (ktc), thu c 13,888 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Nu cho m gam X tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 10,65 gam cht rn khan. Nu cho m gam X tc
dng vi Na d thu c 952 ml kh hiro (ktc). Cng thc ca ester E l

A. CH3COOC2H5. B. CH3COOC3H7. C. C3H7COOC3H7. D.

C3H7COOC2H5.

TRNG NG S LIN LN 3 2016

Cu 49: un nng 0,4 mol hn hp E gm ipeptit X, tripeptit Y v tetrapeptit Z u mch h bng

lng va dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch cha 0,5 mol mui ca glyxin v 0,4 mol mui ca
alanin v 0,2 mol mui ca valin. Mt khc t chy m gam E trong O2 va thu c hn hp CO2,
H2O v N2, trong tng khi lng ca CO2 v nc l 78,28 gam. Gi tr m gn gi tr no nht sau
y?

A. 50 B. 40 C. 45 D. 35

THI TRNG LI SN 2016

Cu 41: Hn hp X gm hai cht hu c no, mch h (u cha C, H, O), trong phn t mi cht c hai
nhm chc trong s cc nhm -OH, -CHO, -COOH. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 4,05 gam Ag v 1,86 gam mt mui amoni hu c. Cho ton b
lng mui amoni hu c ny vo dung dch NaOH (d, un nng), thu c 0,02 mol NH3. Gi tr ca m
l

A. 1,50. B. 2,98. C. 1,22. D. 1,24.

Cu 43: Hn hp T gm tetrapeptit X v pentapeptit Y (u mch h, to bi glyxin v alanin). un

nng m gam T trong dung dch NaOH va thu c (m + 11,85) gam mui Z. t chy hon ton Z
thu c Na2CO3 v hn hp Q gm CO2, H2O, N2. Dn ton b Q vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi
trong d thy khi lng bnh tng 42,03 v cn li 3,696 lt (ktc) mt kh duy nht. Phn trm khi
lng ca X trong T gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?

A. 54 B. 52 C. 55 D. 53

Cu 47: Hn hp P gm ancol A, axit cacboxylic B (u no, n chc, mch h) v este C to ra t A

v B. t chy hon ton m gam P cn dng va 0,36 mol O2, sinh ra 0,28 mol CO2. Cho m gam P
trn vo 250 ml dung dch NaOH 0,4 M un nng, sau khi kt thc cc phn ng thu c dung dch Q.
C cn dung dch Q cn li 7,36 gam cht rn khan. Ngi ta cho thm bt CaO v 0,96 gam NaOH
vo 7,36 gam cht rn khan trn ri nung trong bnh kn khng c khng kh n phn ng hon ton
thu c a gam kh. Gi tr a gn nht vi

A. 2,9 B. 2,1 C. 2,5 D. 1,7

TRNG NG DU LN 2 2016

Cu 38: X l pentapeptit, Y l hexapeptit, u mch h v u c to thnh t mt amino axit (no,

h, ch c 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH trong phn t).

11
- t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, dn ton b sn phm chy (CO2, H2O, N2) vo dung dch Ba(OH)2
d, thu c 295,5 gam kt ta, V lt kh N2 v khi lng dung dch sau hp th gim so vi dung
dch Ba(OH)2 ban u l 205,2 gam.
- Cho 0,15 mol Y tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH d, un nng thu c dung dch cha m
gam mui. Gi tr ca m l
A. 98,9. B. 88,9. C. 99,9. D. 88,8.
Cu 42: Hn hp X gm mt axit cacboxylic Y v mt este Z (Y v Z u mch h v c mch C
khng phn nhnh). 0,275 mol X phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M (un nng), thu
c hn hp hai mui v hn hp hai ancol. un nng ton b lng ancol thu c trn vi H2SO4
c 1400C, thu c 7,5 gam hn hp 3 ete. Ly ton b lng mui trn nung vi vi ti xt (d),
thu c mt kh duy nht, kh ny lm mt mu va dung dch cha 44 gam brom, thu c dn
xut cha 85,106% brom theo khi lng. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Khi lng ca Z trong
X l:
A. 25,70 gam. B. 18,96 gam. C. 15,60 gam. D. 19,75 gam.

TRNG VIT C LN 4 2016

Cu 42: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:

TN 1 : Trn 0,015 mol ru no X vi 0,02 mol ru no Y ri cho tc dng ht vi Na th thu c

1,008 lt H2.
TN 2 : Trn 0,02 mol ru X vi 0,015 mol ru Y ri cho hp tc dng ht vi Na th thu c 0,952
lt H2.
TN 3 : t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp ru nh trong th nghim 1 ri cho tt c sn phm
chy i qua bnh ng CaO mi nung, d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 6,21 gam. Bit th tch cc
khi o ktc. Cng thc 2 ru l

A. C2H5OH v C3H6(OH)2. B. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H5(OH)3.

C. CH3OH v C3H5(OH)3. D. C3H6 (OH)2 v C3H5(OH)3.

Cu 43: Cho hn hp A cha hai peptit X v Y to bi cc amino axit no mch h, phn t cha 1
nhm -COOH, 1 nhm -NH2 ,bit rng tng s nguyn t O trong 2 phn t X, Y l 13. Trong X hoc Y
u c s lin kt peptit khng nh hn 4. un nng 0,7 mol A trong KOH th thy 3,9 mol KOH phn
ng v thu c m gam mui. Mt khc t chyhon ton 66,075 gam A ri cho sn phm hp th vo
bnh cha Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh tng 147,825 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 490,6 B. 560,1 C. 470,1 D. 520,2

Cu 44: t chy hon ton 26,72 gam hn hp X gm axit metacrylic, axit aipic, axit axetic v
glixerol (trong s mol axit metacrylic bng s mol axit axetic) bng O 2 d, thu c hn hp Y gm
kh v hi. Dn Y vo dung dch cha 0,76 mol Ba(OH) 2 , thu c 98,5 gam kt ta v dung dch Z.
un nng Z li xut hin kt ta. Cho 26,72 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 140 ml dung dch KOH 2M,
sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, c cn dung dch thu c cht rn khan c khi lng l

A. 19,04 gam B. 28,88 gam C. 18,68 gam D. 13,32 gam

TRNG NGUYN HU LN 1 2016

12
Cu 36: Hn hp X gm C3H6, C4H10, C2H2 v H2. Cho m gam X vo bnh kn c cha mt t bt Ni
lm xc

tc. Nung nng bnh thu c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton Y cn dng va V lt O2 (ktc). Sn
phm
chy cho hp th ht vo bnh ng nc vi trong d, thu c mt dung dch c khi lng gim 21,45
gam.

Nu cho Y i qua bnh ng lng d dung dch brom trong CCl4 th c 24 gam brom phn ng. Mt
khc, cho
11,2 lt (ktc) hn hp X i qua bnh ng dung dch brom d trong CCl4, thy c 64 gam brom phn ng.
Bit
cc phn ng u xy ra hon ton. Gi tr ca V gn vi gi tr no sau y
nht
A. 22. B. 21,00. C. 10. D.
21,5.

Cu 41: Hn hp A gm X, Y (MX < MY) l 2 este n chc c chung gc axit. un nng m gam A vi
400 ml dung dch KOH 1M d thu c dung dch B v (m - 12,6) gam hn hp hi gm 2 anehit no, n
chc ng ng k tip c t khi hi so vi H2 l 26,2. C cn dung dch B thu c (m + 6,68) gam cht
rn khan. % khi lng ca X trong A l:

A. 30,37% B. 36,44% C. 45,55% D. 54,66%

Cu 45: Hn hp T gm ba peptit mch h X, Y, Z c t l mol tng ng l 2 : 3 : 4. Thy phn hon

ton 35,97 gam T thu c hn hp sn phm gm 0,29 mol A gam v 0,18 mol B. Bit tng s lin kt
peptit trong ba phn t X, Y, Z bng 16, A v B u l aminoaxit no, c 1 nhm -NH2 v 1 nhm -COOH
trong phn t. Nu t chy 4x mol X hoc 3x mol Y u thu c s mol CO2 bng nhau. t chy
hon ton m gam hn hp T thu c N2, 0,74 mol CO2 v a mol H2O. Gi tr a gn nht l:
A. 0,65. B. 0,67. C. 0,69. D.
0,72.

Cu 48: t chy hon ton m gam este hai chc, mch h X (c to bi axit cacboxylic no, a chc
v hai

ancol n chc, phn t X c khng qu 5 lin kt ) cn 0,3 mol O2, thu c 0,5 mol hn hp CO2 v
H2O.
Khi cho m gam X tc dng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch KOH 1M, c cn dung dch th thu c
khi
lng cht rn l:
A. 14,6 gam. B. 9,0 gam. C. 13,9 gam. D.
13
 8,3 gam

NG THC HA LN 2- 2016

Cu 38: Hn hp kh X c th tch 30,24 lt (ktc) gm hai olefin A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng

ng v H2 (trong MA < MB), t l s mol gia hai anken v H2 l 5:4, t khi ca hn hp X so vi H2
130
9
l . Cho X qua bt Ni xc tc, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H 2 bng
24,375. Sc Y vo dung dch Br2 d, n phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh Z v khi lng
bnh Br2 tng 9,8 gam. % s mol A phn ng vi H2 gn nht vi.

A. 66,7%. B. 50%. C. 33,3%. D. 75%.

Cu 44: Hn hp X gm mt axit cacboxilic hai chc, no, mch h, hai ancol no n chc k tip nhau
trong dy ng ng v mt ieste to bi axit v 2 ancol . t chy hon ton 4,84 gam thu c
7,26 gam CO2 v 2,70 gam H2O. Mt khc, un nng 4,84 gam X trn vi 80 ml dung dch NaOH 1M,
sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thm va 10 ml dung dch HCl 1M trung ha lng NaOH d
thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y thu c m gam mui khan, ng thi thu c 896 ml hn
hp ancol ( ktc) c t khi hi so vi H2 l 19,5. Gi tr ca m l:

A. 4,595 B. 5,765 C. 5,180 D. 4,995

Cu 45: Hn hp X gm ipeptit Y, tripeptit Z v tetrapeptit T (u mch h) ch c to ra t Gly,

Ala v Val. t chy hon ton m gam X, ri cho ton b sn phm chy (ch gm CO 2, H2O v N2) vo
bnh ng 150 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 1M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thy c 1,12 (dktc)
mt kh duy nht thot ra v thu c dung dch c khi lng tng 15,83 gam so vi khi lng dung
dch Ba(OH)2 ban u.Gi tr ca m gn vi gi tr no nht sau y?

A. 7,38 B. 7,85. C. 8,05. D. 6,66.

QUNH LU 1 LN 3 2016

Cu 34: t chy hon ton 9,0 gam cht X thu c hn hp kh v hi A gm CO2, HCl, H2O v N2.
Cho mt phn A i chm qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy c 5,4 gam kt ta, khi lng dung dch
gim 1,638 gam v c 0,1008 lt kh khng b hp th. Phn cn li ca A cho li chm qua dung dch
AgNO3 trong HNO3 d thy khi lng dung dch gim 4,788 gam v c 10,332 gam kt ta. Bit cc
phn ng u xy ra hon ton, cc kh o ktc. Xc nh phn t khi ca X (gam/mol)?
A. 240 B. 180 C. 200 D. 160

Cu 42: Trong bnh kn cha hn hp X gm hidrocacbon A mch h (th kh iu kin thng) v

0,06 mol O2, bt tia la in t X (ch xy ra phn ng X chy to thnh CO2 v H2O). Ton b hn
hp sau phn ng cho i qua bnh ng 3,5 lt dung dch Ca(OH) 2 0,01M th thu c 3 gam kt ta.
Kh duy nht thot ra khi bnh c th tch 0,224 lt (ktc). Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, nc b
ngng t khi cho qua dung dch, c bao nhiu CTPT tha mn A?
A. 3 B. 8 C. 7 D. 5

14

Cu 49: X l mt peptit c 16 mt xch (c to t cc -amino axit no, h, c 1 nhm -NH 2 v 1
nhm COOH). t chy m gam X cn dng 45,696 lt O2. Nu ly m gam X cho tc dng vi lng
va dung dch NaOH ri c cn cn thn th thu c hn hp cht rn Y. t chy hon ton Y
trong bnh cha 12,5 mol khng kh, ton b kh sau phn ng chy c ngng t hi nc th cn li
1
5
271,936 lt hn hp kh Z. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, cc kh o ktc, trong khng kh c
th tch O2 cn li l N2. Gi tr gn nht ca m l?

A. 46 gam B. 41 gam C. 43 gam D. 38 gam

Cu 50: Hn hp A gm 3 axit cacboxylic no, h X, Y, Z (MX < MY <MZ) v mt ancol no, h a chc
T (phn t khng c qu 4 nguyn t C). t chy hon ton m gam A th to ra hn hp CO2 v 3,24
gam H2O. Tin hnh este ha hon ton hn hp A trong iu kin thch hp th hn hp sau phn ng
ch thu c 1 este E a chc v H2O. t chy hon ton lng E sinh ra cn 3,36 lt O2 thu c
4nE nCO 2 nH 2 O
hn hp CO2 v H2O tha mn . Thnh phn % v khi lng ca Y trong hn hp A
l?

A. 16,82 B. 14,47 C. 28,30 D. 18,87

THI TH 2016

Cu 11: Hn hp E gm axit cacboxylic X, ancol Y (u no, n chc, mch h) v este Z c to bi

X, Y. t chy hon ton m gam E cn 4,032 lt O 2 (ktc), thu c 3,136 lt CO 2 (ktc). un nng m
gam E vi 100 ml dung dch KOH 1M, sau khi phn ng kt thc, c cn dung dch thu c 6,86 gam
cht rn khan. Cng thc ca X l

A. C2H5COOH. B. CH3COOH. C. HCOOH. D. C3H7COOH.

Cu 14: Este n chc X khng c nhnh, ch cha C,H,O v khng cha cc nhm chc khc. Bit t
khi hi ca X so vi O 2 l 3,125. Khi cho 15 gam X tc dng va vi dung dch KOH un nng, c
cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 23,4 gam mui khan. Cng thc cu to ca X l

A. HCOO-CH2-CH2 CH=CH2. B. CH3COO-CH2-CH=CH2.

CH3 CH CH2 CH2 CH2 C=O

C=O
CH2 O CH2 CH2 O
C. D.

Cu 33: Hn hp T gm hai axit cacboxylic a chc X v Y (c s mol bng nhau) v axit cacboxylic
n chc Z (phn t cc cht c s nguyn t cacbon khng ln hn 4, u mch h, khng phn nhnh
v X, Y, Z c s nguyn t cabon khc nhau). Trung ha m gam T cn 510 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, cn
nu cho m gam T vo dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d th thu c 52,38 gam mui to ra t Z (Z c 3
lin kt pi). t chy hon ton lng T trn, thu c CO2 v 0,39 mol H2O. Dn ton b sn phm

15
CH2-CH2-C=O
CH2-CH2-O
CH3-CH-CH2
chy vo 400 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M, sau phn ng khng thu c kt ta. Phn trm khi lng
ca Z trong T l

A. 54,28%. B. 62,76%. C. 60,69%. D. 57,84%.

Cu 45: Cht hu c A ch cha C, H,O c cng thc phn t trng cng thc n gin nht. Cho 2,76
gam A tc dng vi mt lng va dung dch KOH, chng kh th phn bay hi ch c H 2O, phn
cht rn khan cha 2 mui c khi lng 5,4 gam. t chy hon ton hai mui trong O 2 d c 4,14
gam K2CO3; 2,464 lt CO2(ktc) v 0,9 gam H2O. Nu t chy hon ton 2,76 gam A trong O 2 d th
khi lng H2O thu c l

A. 1,2 gam. B. 0,36 gam. C. 0,9 gam. D. 1,08 gam.

PH NINH LN 2 2016

Cu 43: Hn hp X gm 2 axit A, B trong MA<MB; nA: nB = 3 : 2. Chia X lm hai phn bng nhau.

Phn 1. em t chy hon ton thu c 6,272 lt CO2 (ktc).

Phn 2. Cho tc dng hon ton vi dung dch hn hp NaOH 1,2M; KOH 1,6M thy c 100 ml
dung dch phn ng. C cn dung dch thu c m gam cht rn khan.

Gi tr ca m l:

A. 14,55 B. 21,44 C. 24,86 D. 18,54

Cu 44: Hn hp X gm 1 anehit v 1 axit (s nguyn t C trong axit nhiu hn s nguyn t C trong

anehit 1 nguyn t). t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c 8,064 lt CO 2 (ktc) v 2,88 gam nc.
Mt khc, cho ton b lng X trn vo dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 thy xut hin m gam kt ta. Gi tr
ln nht ca m c th l:

A. 16,4 B. 28,88 C. 32,48 D. 24,18

Cu 49: Hn hp P gm ancol A, axit cacboxylic B (u no, n chc, mch h) v este C to ra t A

v B. t chy hon ton m gam P cn dng va 0,36 mol O 2, sinh ra 0,28 mol CO2. Cho m gam P
trn vo 250 ml dung dch NaOH 0,4 M un nng, sau khi kt thc cc phn ng thu c dung dch Q.
C cn dung dch Q cn li 7,36 gam cht rn khan. Ngi ta cho thm bt CaO v 0,96 gam NaOH
vo 7,36 gam cht rn khan trn ri nung trong bnh kn khng c khng kh n phn ng hon ton
thu c a gam kh. Gi tr a gn nht vi

A. 2,9 B. 2,1 C. 2,5 D. 1,7

THI TH CHUYN BIN HA LN 2 2016

Cu 35: Cht hu c X (C,H,O), cht Y l mt ancol , mch h, c X v Y u c nC<4. Hn hp Q

gm X, Y, trong phn trm khi lng ca Y l x %. t chy hon ton 0,24 mol Q(X,Y), sn phm
chy c hp th ht vo 300 gam dung dch Ba(OH)2 17,1%, sau hp th thu c 27,58 gam kt ta
v 300,94 gam dung dch P. Mt khc 0,24 mol Q phn ng hon ton vi lng d dung dch KHCO3,
thu c y lt CO2(ktc). Gi tr tng ng ca x v y l
16
A. 51,62 v 2,912 B. 55,56 v 3,122 C. 62,7 v 4,12 D. 74,2 v 2,912

Cu 48: Ba cht hu c X,Y,Z thnh phn u gm C,H,O, u c phn t khi bng 74, trong X,Y
l ng phn ca nhau. Hn hp Q( X,Y, Z). Cho 0,35 mol hn hp Q phn ng hon ton vi lng d
dung dch KHCO3, thu c 5,152 lt CO2(ktc). Mt khc 0,35 mol Q phn ng hon ton vi lng
d dung dch AgNO3/NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Phn trm khi lng ca Z trong Q c gi tr l

A. 47,11% B. 37,14% C. 39,22% D. 49,33 %

THI TH LN 9 NGUYN ANH PHONG

Cu 41: Hn hp X cha hai ancol no, n chc, mch h l ng ng lin tip. Y l axit khng no c
mt lin kt ba C C trong phn t, n chc, mch h. Trn X v Y vi t l khi lng tng ng l
136 : 525 thu c hn hp Z. t chy hon ton Z cn va 0,57 mol O2 thu c 0,58 mol CO2.
Phn trm khi lng ca ancol c phn t khi nh trong Z l:

A. 9% B. 6% C. 8% D. 7%

Cu 43: Mt bnh kn cha mt t bt niken v m gam hn hp kh X gm: butan, propen, axetilen,

hidro. Nung nng bnh thu c hn hp kh Y. t chy hon ton Y bng kh O2 (va ) thu c
hn hp Z gm CO2 v H2O. Cho ton b Z vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c dung dch c khi
lng gim 4,29 gam. Kh Y phn ng ti a vi 0,03 mol Br2 trong dung dch. Mt khc, 0,02 mol X
phn ng ti a vi 0,016 mol Br2 trong dung dch. Cc phn ng hon ton. Gi tr ca m l:

A. 2,02 B. 1,56 C. 1,71 D. 2,14

Cu 46: Thy phn hon ton 25,38 gam hn hp X gm hai peptit Y v Z (MY <MZ) u c to
thnh t Gly, Ala, Val v Glu thu c cc aminoaxit vi t l mol tng ng l: 3,5 : 3 : 1,5 : 2. Nu
t chy hon ton lng X trn cn va 1,1925 mol O2. Bit tng s nguyn t N c trong X l 14
nguyn t, lng Glu to ra t Y v Z l nh nhau v s mt xch Gly, Ala trong Y bng nhau. Phn
trm khi lng ca Y c trong X l:

A. 47,26% B. 52,18% C. 59,34% D. 56,32%

Cu 48: X l hn hp cha mt ancol, mt anhit v mt amin (tt c u no, n chc, mch h).
t chy hon ton 4,88 gam X cn va V lt kh O2 (ktc) sn phm chy thu c cha 0,24 mol
kh CO2. Mt khc, hiro ha hon ton lng X trn thy c 0,04 mol H2 tham gia phn ng. Mt khc,
cho ton b lng ancol thu c vo bnh ng Na d thy thot ra 0,035 mol kh. Gi tr ca V gn
nht vi:

A. 8,0 B. 8,3 C. 6,7 D. 7,8

Cu 50: X, Y l hai hirocacbon ng ng, lin tip; Z l anehit; T l axit cacboxylic; X, Y, Z, T u

mch h v T, Z n chc. Hiro ha ht hn hp M gm X, Y, Z, T cn ng 0,95 mol H2, thu c
24,58 gam hn hp N. t chy ht N cn ng 1,78 mol O2. Mt khc, cho N tc dng ht vi Na
(d), sau phn ng thu c 3,92 lt kh H2 (ktc) v 23,1gam mui. Bit s mol T bng 1/6 s mol hn
hp M v MX < MY. Phn trm khi lng ca X c trong M gn nht vi:

A. 17% B. 19% C. 12% D. 15%

17
 Cu 41: Chn p n D

nh hng t duy gii

bi cho d kin lin quan ti O2 v CO2 ta nh ngay ti mi lin h qua:

3n
Cn H 2n 2O 2 O 2 nCO 2 (n 1) H 2 O
1
n axit
(0,58.1,5 0,57) 0,15
Cn H 2n 4O 2 3n 2
2 O
2 2 (n 2) H 2 O
nCO
2
Ta c:

mCH C
COOH
0,15.70
10,5(gam) mancol 2, 72(gam)

BTKL
2, 72 10,5 0,57.32 0,58.44
H 2O
18n n H 2O 0,33

BTNT.O
n Trong
O 0,58.2
Z
0,33 0,57.2

0,35
BTNT.O
nancol 0,35 0,15.2 0, 05

2, 72 C 2 H 5OH : 0, 02 0, 02.46
Mancol 54, 4 2 H 5OH
%C 6,96%
0, 05 C3 H 7 OH : 0, 03 10,5 2, 72

Cu 43: Chn p n C

nh hng t duy gii

C3 H 6 : a
CO 2 : 3a 2b a 2b c 0, 03
C2 H 2 :
b
H :c H 2O : 3a b c 56(3a 2 b) 18(3a b c) 4, 29
2
Ta dn X v:

k(a b c) 0, 02 a 2b
0,8 0,2a 1,2b 0,8c 0
k(a 2 b) 0, 016 abc
Vi 0,02 mol X:

a 2b c 0, 03 a 0,03
CO 2 : 0,12

114a 94b 18c 4, 29 b 0, 015
BTKL
m 1, 71(gam)
0, 2a 1, 2b 0,8c 0 c 0, 03 H 2O : 0,135

Cu 46: Chn p n C

nh hng t duy gii

18
 C2 H5 NO 2 : 3,5a
C H NO : 3a
3 7 2 CO 2 : 33,5a

O2
BTNT.O

33,5a.2 1,1925.2
12,5a a 0, 03
C5 H11 NO 2 :1,5a H 2 O :12,5a
C5 H9 NO 4 : 2a
Gi

25,38 0,105.57 0, 09.71 0, 045.99 0, 06.129

BTKL
n X n H2 O 0, 045
18

2x x ' y 9 x2
Y : Glu Val Ala x Gly x : 0, 03
2x x ' 6 y 3
Z : Glu 2 Val Ala x ' Gly y : 0, 015 2x y 7
x' 2

502.0, 03 15, 06
%Glu Val Ala
2 Gly
2 59,34%
25,38 25,38

Cu 48:Chn p n A

nh hng t duy gii

Cn H 2n 2 O : a a b 0, 07 a 0, 03

4,88 C m H 2m O : b b 0, 04 b 0, 04
C H N:c 0, 24.14 18a 16b 17c 4,88 c 0, 02
p 2p 3
Ta c:

n H 2O
n CO2 a 1,5c 0,
06 n H 2O 0,3

0, 24.44 0,3.18 0, 02.14 4,88

n O2
BTKL
0,355
V 7,952
32

Cu 50: Chn p n D

nh hng t duy gii

ankan : a(mol) b c 0,35

24,58 ancol : b(mol) Na b(R 39) c(R' 67) 23,1
axit : c(mol) m
ancol axit 15, 4(gam)

Vi hn hp N ta c:

19
 R 15
R ' 29
Rb (R' 28) c 9, 45 C 2 H 6 : 0,13

b 0, 25 M ankan 36, 72

m ankan 24,58 15, 4 9,18 c 0,1 C3H8 : 0,12

a 0, 25

CH CH : 0,13 0,13.26
BTLK.
%X 14,9%
CH C CH 3 : 0,12 24,58 0,95.2

20