ELECTIVE 1:

1 PARENT-CHILD
CHILD NURSING
(LIBRARY WORK NO. 1
1)
NAME DATE

PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

INSTRUCTION. Research and enumerate the Principles related to Growth and

Development.

Example: All humans follow the same pattern of growth and development.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.
 ELECTIVE 1:
1 PARENT-CHILD
CHILD NURSING
(LIBRARY WORK NO. 2
2)
NAME DATE

STAGES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

INSTRUCTION. Research and fill out the table below. An example has been done for
you.

Stage Age Significant Nursing

Characteristics Implications

Example: Assist parents to

Neonatal Birth to 28 days Reflexive Behavior identify and meet
unmet needs

Infancy 1month to 1 year

Toddlerhood 1 to 3 years

Pre-School 3 to 6 years

School Age 6 to 12 years

Adolescence 12 to 20 years
 ELECTIVE 1:
1 PARENT-CHILD
CHILD NURSING
(LIBRARY WORK NO. 3
3)
NAME DATE

THEORIES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

*(LIMITED
(LIMITED TO APPLICABLE STAGES /AGE GROUPS ONLY)

INSTRUCTION. Research and fill out the table below. An example has been done for
you.
A. DEVELOPMENTAL TASK THEORY (Robert Havirghurst
Havirghurst)

Age Periods Developmental Tasks

Infancy and Early 1. Learning to walk
Childhood 2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Middle Childhood 1. Learning physical skills necessary for ordinary games

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Adolescence 1. Achieving
ng new and more mature relations with age-mates
mates of both sexes
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
 B. PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORIES

B.1. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY (Signmund Freud)

Source of Major
Stage Age Implications
Pleasure Conflict

Birth to
Oral 1.5
years

1.5 to 3
Anal
years

4 to 6
Phallic
years

Energy is directed to Encourage physical (i.e. sports

physical and intellectual with the same sex) and
activities. intellectual pursuits
6 years Sexual impulses are
Latency to repressed.
puberty Develop relationships
between peers of the same
sex

Puberty
Genital and
after
 B.2. PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY (Erik Erikson)

Indicators of Indicators of
Stage Age Central Task Positive Negative
Resolution Resolution
Infancy 0-18 months Trust v. Learning to Mistrust,
Mistrust Trust others. withdrawal,
estrangement
Early childhood 18 months to 3
years

Late childhood 3 to 5 years

School Age 6 to 12 years

Adolescence 12 to 20 years
 C. COGNITIVE THEORY (Jean Piaget)

Phases and Stage Age Significant Behavior

SENSORIMOTOR PHASE 0-2 years NA
Stage 1: Use of Reflexes 0-1 month Most action is reflexive.
Stage 2: Primary Circular 1-4 months
Reaction

Stage 3: Secondary Circular 4 to 8 months

Reaction

Stage 4: Coordination of 8 to 12 months

secondary schemata

Stage 5: Tertiary circular 12 to 18 months

reaction

Stage 6 : Invention of new 18 to 24 months

means

PRECONCEPTUAL PHASE 2 to 4 years

INTUITIVE PHASE 4 to 7 years

CONCRETE OPERATIONS 7 to 11 years

PHASE

FORMAL OPERATIONS 11 to 15 years

PHASE
 D. MORAL THEORIES

D.1. MORAL DEVELOPMENT (Lawrence Kohlberg)

Level Description Stage Description Age

Person is responsive to cultural rules of labels Punishment and Fears of punishment, not respect for authority, Toddler to 7
of good and bad, right or wrong. Externally obedient orientation is the reason for decisions, behaviour, and years
established rules determine right or wrong conformity.
actions. Person reasons in terms of
punishment, reward, or exchange of favors.
EGOCENTRIC FOCUS
Preconventional
Level Instrumental relativist Preschooler
Orientation through
School age

Interpersonal School age

Concordance Orientation through
adulthood

Conventional
Law-and-Order Adolescence
Orientation and
adulthood
 E. SPIRITUAL THEORIES

E.1. SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT (James Fowler)

Stage Age Description

0. Undifferentiated 0 to 3 years Infant unable to formulate concepts

about self or the environment.

1. Intuitive-projective 4 to 6 years

2. Mythical-literal 7 to 12 years

3. Synthetic-Conventional Adolescent or
adult

4. Individuating-reflexive After 18 years

 E.2. FOURS STAGES OF FAITH (John Westerhoff)

Stage Age Behavior

Experienced faith Infancy/early Experiences faith through interaction with others
adolescence who are living a particular faith tradition.
Affiliative Faith Late
adolescence