EXP. NO.

:
DATE:
Design and construct Half wave Rectifier with and without
Capacitor filter.

AIM: Design and construct Half wave Rectifier with and without Capacitor filter and find its
input and output waveforms.

Apparatus required:
Sl. No. Apparatus Range Quantity
1 A diode IN4007 1
2. Bread board 1
3. Resistor 1K 1
4. Capaitor 4.7uF, 47uF 1,1
5. Signal generator 1
6. DSO 1
.7. Connecting wires -

Theory:
Half wave rectifier without C filter:
A pn junction diode conducts current only in 1 direction. In other words, a pn junction
diode conducts current only when it is forward biased. The same principle is made use of in a
half wave rectifier to convert AC to DC. The input we give here is an alternating current. This
input voltage is stepped down using a transformer. The reduced voltage is fed to the diode D
and load resistance RL. During the positive half cycles of the input wave, the diode D will be
forward biased and during the negative half cycles of input wave, the diode D will be reverse
biased.
The output is taken across the Resistor R. The output is positive and significant during
the positive half cycles of input wave. At the same time output is zero or insignificant during
negative half cycles of input wave. This is called half wave rectification.

Half wave rectifier C filter:

To smooth the output of the rectifier a capacitor is used - placed across the output of the
rectifier and in parallel with the load. This capacitor charges up when the voltage from the
rectifier rises above that of the capacitor and then as the rectifier voltage falls, the capacitor
provides the required current from its stored charge.

Formulas used:
1. Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV):
It is the maximum voltage that the rectifying diode has to withstand, during the reverse
biased period.
 Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) of half wave rectifier = Vm
2. Ripple factor(Y): ratio of rms value of ac component to rms value of dc
component.
= Vac/ Vdc;
 where: Vdc= Vm/ (without capacitor)

Vac=
V 2
rms
-
V 2
dc
; Vdc=Vm/(1+(1/2fRC)) (with capacitor)

Vrms=Vm/2 (without filter)

3. Efficiency:

PAC = V rms / RL
2

PDC = Vdc / RL

Procedure:
1. Connecct the circuit as per the ckt diagram
2. Swich on the signal generator and set the input ac voltage.
3. Measure the amplitude and time period for the input and output waveforms
Calculations:
Vpp=?
Vm=Vpp/2;
1. Without capacitor
.Vm output=?
Vrms=?
Efficiency=?
.
2. With capacitor
Vm output=?
Vrms=Vm/2 .(theoritical)
Efficiency=?
.
.

Circuit diagram:
Model graph:
Result: