Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TOMBS
MASTABA FLAT-TOP FUNERARY MOUND, WITH BATTERED SLOPING SIDES
ROYAL PYRAMIDS MASSIVE FUNERARY STRUCTURE OF STONE OR BRICK WITH A SQUARE BASE AND
FOUR
SLOPING TRIANGULAR SIDES MEETING AT THE APEX
STEP PYRAMID MASSIVE FUNERARY EVOLVE FROM MASTABA
BENT PYRAMID MASSIVE FUNERARY HAVING 2 DEG. OF INCLINATION OF SLOPE
ROCK HEWN TOMB FUNERARY BUILT ALONG HILLSIDE FOR NOBILITY RATHER THAN ROYALTY
TEMPLES
MORTUARY BUILT IN HONOR OF THE PHARAOH
CULT BUILT FIR THE WORSHIP OF THE GODS; ONLY HIGH PRIESTS CAN ENTER.
PYLON EGYPTIAN MONUMENTAL GATEWAY
OBELISKS UPRIGHT STONE W/ PYRAMIDION ON TOP
MONUMENTAL PILLARS USU. IN PAIRS; 9 OR 10 x BASE DIA.
ELECTRUM CAPPED PYRAMIDION @ OBELISKS
HYPEATHRAL COURT LARGE OUTER COURT OPEN TO THE SKY
HYPOSTYLE HALL PILLARED HALL WHERE ROOF SETS ON COLUMN
CLERESTORY BETWEEN ROOF & UPPER WALL, ADMITTING LIGHT
SANCTUARY USED SURROUNDED BY PASSAGES & CHAMBERS USED IN CONNECTION
WITH THE TEMPLE SERVICE
AVE. OF SPHINX WHERE MYSTICAL MONSTER WERE PLACED
ANDROSPHINX MAN HEAD
HEIRAOSPHINX HAWK HEAD
CRIOSPHINX RAM HEAD
LOTUS PAPYRUS & PALM ORNAMENT SYMBOLIZES FERTILITY
SOLAR DISCS & VULTURES W/ ORNAMENT SYMBOLIZES PROTECTION
WINGS
SPIRAL & FEATHER ORNAMENT ORNAMENT SYMBOLIZES ETERNITY
SCARAB & SACRED BEATLE ORNAMENT SYMBOLIZES RESURRECTION
PILLARS OF VICTORY
TRAJAN'S COLUMN A ROMAN DORIC COLUMN, ENTIRELY OF MARBLE W/ A TOTAL HT. OF 115FT 7IN. &
A SHAFT 12IN. DIA. W/ A SPIRAL STAIRCASE
ROSTRAL COLUMN FREQUENTLY ERECTED IN THE TIME OF EMPERORS TO CELEBRATE NAVAL
VICTORIES
EARLY CHRISTIAN HIGLY INFLUENCED BY ROMAN ART & ARCHITECTURE; SHELTERING WORSHIPPERS
ARCHITECTURE
CIBORIUM TOMB/ TABERNACLE/ BALDACHINO
ARCADE A RANGE OF ARCHES SUPPORTED ON PIERS OR COLUMNS ATTACHED TO
OR DETACHED FROM THE WALL
BASILICAN CHURCHES ERECTED OVER THE BURIAL PLACE OF A SAINT TO WHOM THE CHURCH WAS
DEDICATED
BEMA A RAISED STAGE RESERVED FOR THE CLERGY
ANTEPODIUM A SEAT BEHIND THE CHOIR RESERVED FOR THE CLERGY
BALDACHINO A CANOPY SUPPORTED BY COLOMNS GENERALLY PLACED OVER AN ALTAR OR TOMB
ATRIUM OPEN FORECOURT
NARTHEX COVERED AREA FOR PENITENTS
NAVE CENTRAL AISLE LIT BY CLERESTORY
AMBULATORY A PASSAGEWAY AROUND THE APSE OF THE CHURCH
APSE SANCTUARY WHERE THE BISHOPS STANDS
CHEVET THE APSE, AMBULATORY, & RADIATING TERMINAL OF A CHURCH
AMBO GOSPEL & EPISTLE WERE READ
TRIFORIUM PASSAGEWAY
BAPTISTERY LAGE SEPARATE BLDG. FOR SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM.EASTER, PENTECOST, &
EPIPHANY
FONT A BASIN USU. OF STONE WHICH HOLDS THE WATER FOR BAPTISM
ARCHIVOLT A MORE WIDELY SPACED COLUMNS CARRYING SEMI-CIRCULAR ARCHES
CANCELI A LOW SCREEN WALL
DAIS A RAISED FLATFORM RESERVED FOR THE SEATING OF SPEAKERS OR DIGNITARIES
ORATORY A SMALL PRIVATE CHAPEL FURNISHED W/ AN ALTAR AND A CRUCIFIX
REREDOS AN ORNAMENTAL SCREEN OR WALL AT THE BACK OF AN ALTAR
TRANSEPT THE PORTION OF A CHURCH CROSSING THE MAIN AXIS AT THE RIGHT ANGLE
& FROMING A CRUCIFORM PLAN
TRIBUNE A SLIGHTLY ELEVATED FLATFORM OR DAIS FOR THE SPEAKER
SEPULCHER A TOMB OR A RECEPTACLE FOR RELICS ESP. IN A CHRISTIAN ALTAR
FRANCE GAUL
GERMANY CENTRAL EUROPE
ISTANBUL CONSTANTINOPLE
IRAQ MESOPOTAMIA
IRAN PERSIA
CENTERING A TEMPORARY STRUCTURE UPON WHICH THE MATERIAL OF A VAULT OR ARCH ARE
SUPPORTED POSITION UNTIL THE WORK BECOME SELF-SUPPORTING
ICONOSTASIS A SCREEN IN A GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH ON WHICH ICONS (SACRED IMAGE) ARE
PLACED, SEPARATING THE CHANCEL FROM THE SPACE. OPEN TO THE LAITY
GYMNACEUM A PART OF GREEK HOUSE, OR A BYZANTINE CHURCH RESERVED FOR WOMEN ONLY
SIMPLE DOME DOME & PENDENSIVE WERE PART OF THE SAME SPHERE
COMPOUND DOME DOME IS NOT A PART BUT RISES INDEPENDENTLY ABOVE THEM
MELON-SHAPED DOME CONSIST OR CURVED FLUTINGS W/C AVOID THE NECESSARY OF PENDENSIVE
ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE
MOSQUE A MUSLIM HOUSE OF WORSHIP
CHATRI KIOSK
DAR MEN'S APARTMENT
DIWAN PALACES
HAREM WOMEN'S APARTMENT
MINARET A TALL TOWER IN, OR CONTINOUS TO A MOSQUE ARCH STAIRS LEADING UPTO ONE
OR
MORE BALCONIES FROM WHICH THE FAITHFUL ARE CALLED TO PRAYER
MIHRAB A NICHE WHERE THE LEADER OF THE CONGREGATION (THE IMAM) MAKES HIS
PRAYER
MIMBER A RAISED FLATFORM FOR CEREMONIAL ANNOUNCEMENT
MIMBAR THE HIGH PULPIT OR AMBO
MUHAJAR BALUSTER
SELAMUK MEN'S QUEST QUARTER
MOUCHRABIEHS WOODEN SCROLL SCREEN
KIOSK A SMALL PAVILION, USU. OPEN, BUILT IN GARDENS AND PARKS
CORBEL A BLOCK OF STONE, OFEN ELABORATELY CARVED OR MOULDED PROJECTED FOM A
WALL,
SUPPORTING THE BEAMS OF A ROOF FLOOR OR VAULT
CHAMFER A DIAGONAL CUTTING OF AN ARRIS FORMED BY TWO SURFACES MEETING AT AN
ANGLE
KIBLA AXIS ORIENTED AT MECCA
COLONETTE A SMALL COLUMN USU. DECORATIVE
VERANDAH A COVERED PORCH OR BALCONY EXTENDING ALONG THE OUTSIDE OF A BUILDING,
PLANNED FOR SUMMER LEISURE
CENOTAPH A MONUMENT ERECTED IN MEMORY OF ONE NOT INTERRED IN OR UNDER IT
PODIUM THE HIGH PLATFORM ON WHICH TEMPLES WERE GENERALLY PLACED
CHATTRIS AN UMBRELLA SHAPED CUPOLA
TURRET/ BARTISAN
KEEP DUNJON; THE STRONGHOLD OF THE MEDIEVAL USU. IN THE FORM OF A MASSIVE
TOWER
AND A PLACE OF RESIDENCE, ESP. IN TIMES OF SEIGE
MOAT A BROAD DEEP TRENCH SURROUNDING THE RAMPARTS OF A TOWN OR FORTRESS
USU. FILLED W/ WATER
LOOPHOLE
BATTLEMENT PARAPET HAVING A SERIES OF INDENTATIONS OR EMBRASURES B/N
MERLON THE UPSTANDING PART OF EMBATTLED PARAPET, B/N 2 CRENELLES OR
EMBRASURES
CRENEL
ALLURE
MACHICOLATION A PROJECTING WALL OR PARAPET ALLOWING FLOOR OPENINGS, THROUGH W/C
MOLTEN LEAD, PITCH, STONES, WERE DROPPED AN ENEMY BELOW.
PORTICULLIS