1 INCORRECT Which of the following statements about plants is FALSE?

A) Plants are not motile.

B) Plants are heterotrophic.

C) Plants have an alternation of generations life cycle.

D) Plants are multicellular eukaryotes.

E) Plants protect the embryo from drying out.

Feedback: Plants are not heterotrophic but make their own food. Plants are
not motile; they are photosynthetic. Plants have an alternation of
generations life cycle, and plants protect the embryo from drying out.

2 INCORRECT Which of the following statements about plants is generally FALSE?

A) Plants are motile.

B) Plants are photosynthetic.

C) Plants are multicellular eukaryotes.

D) Plants have an alternation of generations life cycle.

E) Plants protect the embryo from drying out.

Feedback: The statement "plants are photosynthetic" is generally false.

3 CORRECT Plants have a/an _________ life cycle.

A) asexual-only

B) sexual-only

C) alternation of generations

D) diplontic

E) haplontic

Feedback: Correct Answer

Which of these best describes the gametophyte in the alternation of

4 INCORRECT
generations life cycle?

A) the diploid generation

B) generation that produces the gametes

 C) generation that produces the spores

D) generation that has vascular tissue

E) uses meiosis within structures called sporangia

Feedback: The gametophyte is the generation that produces the gametes.

5 CORRECT Which of these best describes the sporophyte generation?

A) the haploid generation

B) generation that produces the gametes

C) generation that produces spores

D) generation that lacks vascular tissue

E) uses mitosis

Feedback: Correct Answer

6 INCORRECT In plants, the dominant generation is _________.

A) the larger and more conspicuous generation

B) the smaller and less conspicuous generation

C) the parent

D) dependent upon which plant is discussed

E) shorter lived

Feedback: In plants, the dominant generation is the larger and more

conspicuous generation.

7 CORRECT The nonvascular plants are the ______.

A) algae and blue-green algae

B) fungi and slime and water molds

C) hornworts, liverworts and mosses

D) gymnosperms

E) flowering plants
 Feedback: Correct Answer

8 INCORRECT Which of these best describes the body of Marchantia, a liverwort?

A) a leafy body

B) a three-layered body

C) a flattened, lobed body

D) a microscopic body

E) a missing body

Feedback: Marchantia, a liverwort, has a flattened, lobed body.

9 INCORRECT What is the purpose of gemmae cups?

A) asexual reproduction

B) sexual reproduction

C) absorption of water

D) produce sporophyte generation

E) food storage

Feedback: Gemmae cups help liverworts reproduce asexually.

10 INCORRECT In mosses the sporophyte is dominant and it is longer lasting.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: In mosses the gametophyte is dominant.

11 INCORRECT What is the function of antheridia?

A) to produce eggs

B) to produce sperm

C) to carry out asexual reproduction

D) to absorb minerals and water

 E) to anchor the shoots

Feedback: Antheridia produce sperm.

12 INCORRECT What is the function of the archegonium?

A) to produce sperm

B) to carry out asexual reproduction

C) to produce eggs

D) to absorb minerals and water

E) to anchor the roots

Feedback: Archegonia produce eggs.

13 INCORRECT In the moss, the sporophyte has which structure(s)?

A) foot

B) stalk

C) capsule

D) all of the above

E) none of the above but is merely a spore container.

Feedback: The sporophyte has all three structures: a foot, a stalk, and a
capsule.

14 INCORRECT Which of these best describes a protonema?

A) flagellated sperm

B) a structure in which flagellated sperm are produced

C) a structure in which eggs are produced

D) an algalike branching filament that is the result of

spore germination

E) the group of cells that detach from the thallus and are
held in a gemmae cup

Feedback: A protonema is an algalike branching filament that is the result

of spore germination.
15 INCORRECT Which of these is NOT true of bryophytes?

A) include liverworts and mosses

B) lack vascular tissue

C) require moisture to accomplish fertilization

D) produce spores carried by insects

E) short because they lack an efficient means of

transporting water to heights

Feedback: Bryophytes do not produce spores carried by insects.

16 CORRECT In vascular plants, _________ generation is dominant.

A) the gametophyte

B) the haploid sporophyte

C) the diploid sporophyte

D) no

E) either

Feedback: Correct Answer

17 INCORRECT Which of these are primitive vascular plants?

A) whisk ferns

B) club mosses

C) horsetails

D) all of the above

E) none of the above but does include gymnosperms and

angiosperms

Feedback: Primitive vascular plants include whisk ferns, club mosses, and
horsetails.

18 INCORRECT Whisk ferns, such as Psilotum, resemble fossil rhyniophytes and lack ______.

A) leaves
 B) vascular tissue

C) branches

D) stems

Feedback: Whisk ferns, such as Psilotum, resemble fossil rhyniophytes and

lack leaves. They do possess vascular tissue, branches, and stems.

Which statement does NOT pertain to the common modern ferns of the
19 INCORRECT
temperate zone?

A) It has a horizontal underground stem.

B) It grows as tall as a tree.

C) It has fronds.

D) It has hairlike roots.

E) The gametophyte is independent of the sporophyte for

nutrition.

Feedback: In modern times, ferns of the temperate zone do not grow as tall
as a tree. Ancient ferns did grow taller, and some tropical ferns grow well
over ten feet high.

20 INCORRECT The gametophyte is the dominant generation in a fern plant.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: The sporophyte is the dominant generation in a fern plant.

In the fern, sporangia develop on the lower surface of a frond in clusters

21 INCORRECT
called ______.

A) prothalli

B) protonema

C) rhizomes

D) archegonia

E) sori

Feedback: In the fern, sporangia develop on the lower surface of a frond in

clusters called sori.
22 INCORRECT The evolution of fronds may have occurred in what steps?

A) branch forks unevenly to branch forks evenly to leaves

with many veins

B) branch forks unevenly to leaves with many veins to

branch forks evenly

C) branch forks evenly to leaves with many veins to

branch forks unevenly

D) branch forks evenly to branch forks unevenly to leaves

with many veins

Feedback: The evolution of fronds may have occurred from branch forks
evenly to branch forks unevenly to finally leaves with many veins.

23 INCORRECT In the fern, the gametophyte _________.

A) is a tiny heart-shaped structure

B) is dominant

C) produces the spores

D) is used as a human food

E) all of the above

Feedback: In the fern, the gametophyte is a tiny heart-shaped structure.

24 INCORRECT In the fern, fertilization takes place when__________.

A) spores reach the eggs within the archegonia

B) sperm swim in external water to the antheridia

C) moisture is present

D) conditions are dry enough

E) an insect can provide pollination

Feedback: In the fern, fertilization takes place when moisture is present.

Sperm, not spores, swim to the archegonia.

25 INCORRECT In the fern, the zygote begins its development inside ________.

A) an archegonium
 B) an antheridium

C) a gemmae cup

D) a sporangium

E) a sori

Feedback: In the fern, the zygote begins its development inside an

archegonium.

26 CORRECT Which of these is NOT true of the fern?

A) the sporophyte is dominant

B) there are pollen grains and no flagellated sperm

C) there is an independent nonvascular gametophyte

D) the sporophyte has vascular tissue

E) the early fronds uncoil from a fiddlehead

Feedback: Correct Answer

27 INCORRECT What two groups of plants produce seeds?

A) gymnosperms and angiosperms

B) bryophytes and ferns

C) bryophytes and gymnosperms

D) angiosperms and ferns

E) angiosperms and bryophytes

Feedback: Both gymnosperms and angiosperms produce seeds.

The gymnosperms produce ______ seeds meaning that they are NOT
28 INCORRECT
enclosed by fruits.

A) pollen

B) dicot

C) fruticose

D) pubescent
 E) uncovered or "naked"

Feedback: Gymnosperms produce uncovered or "naked" seeds, meaning

that they are not enclosed by fruits.

29 INCORRECT Angiosperms produce covered seeds enclosed by fruits.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Angiosperms produce covered seeds enclosed by fruits.

30 INCORRECT A seed contains ___________.

A) embryonic sporophyte

B) stored food

C) protective seed coat

D) all of the above

Feedback: A seed contains an embryonic sporophyte, some stored food,

and a protective seed coat.

31 INCORRECT Which of these are gymnosperms?

A) cycads

B) ginkgo--the maidenhair tree

C) conifers

D) all of the above

Feedback: Cycads, the ginkgo or maidenhair tree, and conifers are all
gymnosperms.

32 INCORRECT Pine, cedar, spruce, fir, and redwood trees are ______.

A) cycads

B) fern relatives

C) conifers

D) flowering plants
 E) bryophytes

Feedback: Pine, cedar, spruce, fir, and redwood trees are all conifers.

33 CORRECT A conifer is the most typical example of a(n) ______.

A) angiosperm

B) gymnosperm

C) fern relative

D) bryophyte

E) mature, large horsetail

Feedback: Correct Answer

34 INCORRECT In the pine tree, pollen grains are transferred ______.

A) by wind

B) by water

C) by animals

D) by all of the above

E) not at all, since pine trees do not produce pollen

Feedback: In the pine tree, pollen grains are transferred by wind.

35 UNANSWERED In the pine, the function of ovules on the seed cone scales is _________.

A) to protect the female gametophyte and developing

zygote

B) to supply nutrients for growth following germination

C) to provide food for humans

D) to provide a sticky surface for the pollen to attach

E) all of the above

36 INCORRECT Conifers _________.

 A) include the largest trees in the world

B) include the oldest trees in the world

C) provide much of our construction wood and paper

D) provide many varied and important chemicals for

industry

E) all of the above

Feedback: Conifers include the largest and oldest trees in the world, provide
much of our construction wood and paper, and provide many varied and
important chemicals for industry.

37 INCORRECT Most gymnosperms are evergreen trees that lose their leaves in the fall.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Most gymnosperms are evergreen trees that do not lose their
leaves in the fall.

What structures are located on the lower surface of the scales of a male
38 INCORRECT
pine cone?

A) ovules

B) flagellated sperm

C) microsporangia

D) seeds

E) sori

Feedback: Microsporangia are located on the lower surface of the scales of

a male pine cone.

39 INCORRECT Seed plants ____________.

A) have a haplontic life cycle

B) require external water to reproduce

C) have a modified alternation of generations of life cycle

D) all of the above

Feedback: Seed plants have a modified alternation of generations of life

 cycle; seed plants have evolved an independence from needing external
water for fertilization.

40 CORRECT Seed plants use meiosis to produce ______ .

A) pollen and seeds

B) spores and pollen

C) seeds and fruit

D) microspores and megaspores

E) sporophytes and gametophytes

Feedback: Correct Answer

41 INCORRECT In seed plants a microspore develops into _________.

A) a female gametophyte

B) an egg

C) a pollen grain

D) a sporophyte

E) all of the above

Feedback: In seed plants a microspore develops into a pollen grain.

42 CORRECT In seed plants a megaspore develops into _________.

A) a pollen grain

B) an egg-bearing female gametophyte

C) a male gametophyte

D) the archegonium

E) endosperm

Feedback: Correct Answer

43 INCORRECT In seed plants, after fertilization the zygote becomes ___________.

A) a seed
 B) an embryo that is enclosed with reserve food and the
seed coat

C) a fruit

D) an ovule

E) an adult tree

Feedback: In seed plants, afterfertilization the zygote becomes an embryo

that is enclosed with reserve food and the seed coat.

44 CORRECT Seed plants are dispersed by means of seeds.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Correct Answer

45 CORRECT In the pine, a mature pollen grain that resists drying out is the ____________.

A) megasporangium

B) macrogametophyte

C) microgametophyte

D) microsporangium

E) megagametophyte

Feedback: Correct Answer

46 INCORRECT How is the pollen grain of pine trees carried?

A) by insects

B) by the wind

C) by moisture

D) all of the above

Feedback: The pollen grain of pine trees is carried by the wind.

47 INCORRECT In the pine, each scale of the female cone has two pollen cone scales.
 A) True

B) False

Feedback: In the pine, each scale of the female seed cone has two ovules.

In the pine, each ovule contains a megaspore parent cell that undergoes
48 CORRECT
meiosis, producing one surviving megaspore.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Correct Answer

With conifers, pollen grains are transferred by wind from the male cones to
49 CORRECT
the female cones.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Correct Answer

50 INCORRECT Once enclosed within the female cone, the pollen grain _________.

A) develops a pollen tube

B) becomes the female gametophyte

C) undergoes meiosis

D) disintegrates

E) develops into the endosperm

Feedback: Once enclosed within the female cone, the pollen grain develops
a pollen tube.

51 INCORRECT In the pine, the ovules become __________ at maturity.

A) the megasporangium

B) the female gametophyte

C) the male gametophyte

D) the winged seeds

 E) the endosperm

Feedback: In the pine, the ovules become the winged seeds at maturity.

52 INCORRECT How do humans use plants economically?

A) as food supplies

B) to supply wood for lumber and paper

C) to produce medicines for malaria and many other

diseases

D) as fiber for clothing

E) all of above

Feedback: Humans use plants as food supplies, to supply wood for lumber
and paper, to produce medicines for malaria and many other diseases, and
as fiber for clothing.

53 INCORRECT Angiosperms are the ______ plants.

A) "naked seed"

B) non-vascular

C) flowering

D) most primitive or earliest

Feedback: Angiosperms are the flowering plants.

Flowering plants include many families but all are grouped into what two
54 INCORRECT
angiosperm classes?

A) monocotyledons and dicotyledons

B) cycads and conifers

C) mosses and ferns

D) whisk ferns and horsetails

E) sexual and asexual

Feedback: Flowering plants include many families but all are grouped into
monocotyledons or dicotyledons.
55 CORRECT Double fertilization occurs in angiosperms.

A) True

B) False

Feedback: Correct Answer

56 INCORRECT Endosperm is __________.

A) the ovary and sometimes the adjacent part that

develops into a fruit

B) the embryo

C) food for the developing plant

D) a combination of the embryo, enclosed food, and a

protective seed coat

E) another name for plant sperm

Feedback: Endosperm is food for the developing plant.

57 INCORRECT In flowering plants, which structure becomes the seed?

A) the ovule

B) the pollen grain

C) the pistil

D) the anther

Feedback: In flowering plants, the ovule becomes the seed.

58 INCORRECT The part of a flower that becomes the fruit is _________.

A) the stamen

B) the pistil

C) the ovule

D) the ovary

E) the stem

Feedback: The part of a flower that becomes the fruit is the ovary.
59 INCORRECT

Which of the following is an advantage of the flower?

A) attracts animals to aid in transferring pollen from

flower-to-flower to increase diversity

B) produces seeds enclosed by fruit and the fruit aids in

dispersal

C) all of the above

Feedback: Flowers attract animals to aid in transferring pollen from flower-

to-flower to increase diversity, and produce seeds enclosed by fruit and the
fruit aids in dispersal.

60 INCORRECT Fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds by using ________.

A) animals

B) wind

C) water

D) gravity

E) all of the above

Feedback: Fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds by using animals, wind, water,
and gravity.

61 Which structures are part of the carpel?

A) stigma

B) style

C) ovary

D) all of the above

Feedback: The carpel consists of stigma, style, and ovary.

62 Which structure is part of a stamen?

 A) stigma

B) ovary

C) anther

D) style

E) all of the above

Feedback: Correct Answer

63

In the flower, the two pollen sacs are in the ______.

A) style

B) filament

C) anthers

D) sepal

E) ovary

Feedback: In the flower, the two pollen sacs are in the anthers.

64 In the flower, the ovules are in the ovary at the base of the carpel.

A) True

B) False