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1,000 new words and meanings cover technology, lifestyle, slang and the WT8 Writing an argument essay
Many essays that you have to write, whether topic, but some questions may ask you to give
economy (carbon trading, citizen journalism, malware, staycation). during your school or college course or in an
examination, will require you to present a
your opinion. In both cases your argument
must be clearly organized and supported
Oxford 3000Plus keyword entries show the most important words to know in
will often be based on your research into the language tends to be formal and impersonal.
Topic Collocation Notes and synonym information in the Oxford 3000 keyword
to balance costs with potential research benefits.1 A major
question to be considered is whether the benefits of manned
Paragraph 2Introduces
space flight are worth the costs.2
the argument
For Nobel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg the
The first point (manned
entries enable students to extend their vocabulary to over 7,500 words. missions are not cost
effective) with a quote from
answer is clear. As he noted in 20071 in a lecture at the Space
Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. Human beings dont
serve any useful function in space. They radiate heat, theyre
64-page Visual Vocabulary Builder, with colour photos and illustrations, builds
an expert to give authority.
very expensive to keep alive, and unlike robotic missions, they
1 This is a useful way to
have a natural desire to come back, so that anything involving
introduce a quotation. human beings is enormously expensive.
Paragraph 3Development Unmanned missions are much less expensive than manned,
vocabulary on topics such as landscapes, the environment, leisure activities and Reasons and data are given
to support the writers point
having no requirement for airtight compartments, food or life
support systems. They are also lighter and therefore require
less fuel and launch equipment. According to NASA, the 1992
of view.
inside the house. manned Space Shuttle Endeavor cost $1.7 billion to build
and requires approximately $450 million for each launch. In
contrast, the entire unmanned Voyager mission from 1972
www.oald8.com
Paragraph 5 a nearby solar system. Manned missions would neither be able
Counterargument
1 Presents the argument: to travel so far, be away so long, nor collect so much data while
Some may argue suggests that at the same time guaranteeing the astronauts safe return.
the writer will go on to argue Some may argue that only manned space flight possesses
against this position. the ability to inspire and engage the general population,
Access the complete AZ dictionary online. providing much-needed momentum for continued
2 Refutes it. However
introduces the argument governmental funding and educational interest in
against 1. mathematics and the sciences.1 However, media coverage of
Access the Oxford 3000 list, the Academic Word List, usage notes and pictures.
on the title. Thus,1 taking into account the lower cost, the greater
1 Thus introduces the
quantity of data and widepsread popular support, I would
conclusion.
2 I would argue that clearly argue that2 for now, at least, unmanned space missions
Use the Oxford Text Checker to assess the vocabulary content of a text before
shows the writers position. undoubtedly yield the most value in terms of public spending.
Linking words and Adverbs can be used These phrases make Experts are quoted to
phrases guide the to show your opinion. the argument less support the argument.
using it in class. Find out how many of the words are on the Oxford 3000 list. reader through the
argument and show
personal and more
objective.
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Over 52,000 words, phrases and meanings in British and guidelines for use on back covers:
Oxford
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letter writing, and talking about dates and numbers. Oxford 3000, the most important words that students need to
know, marked with a .
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Oxford Phrasal Verbs Dictionary
Oxford Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs
Oxford Idioms Dictionary
Black plate (469,1)
Oxford Dictionary of English
Oxford Collocations Oxford Learners Idioms
Dictionary
etc. | traffic | bus, express (AmE), HOV (= high-occupancy
vehicle) | bicycle (AmE), cycle (BrE)
VERB + LANE change, get in (BrE), switch (esp. AmE) x I hate
469
Thesaurus larder Oxford Learners Wordfinder
Dictionary
for changing
students ~s whenoftheEnglish
traffic is heavy. x Get in ~ early when A dictionary
symbolic of synonyms
| everyday, plain, simple x His strength is that he
turning off. | keep in, stay in (both BrE) addresses his readers in plain ~. | vague | racist, sexist |
signM Shortlisted forusethe
signBritish
~. | bodyCouncil ELT Oxford Photo Dictionary
Upper-IntermediateBrE),
LANE + NOUN closures (esp. to Advanced
restrictions (BrE) x(B2c2) x Not
from his
all deaf people
body ~ that heAward
was very2009
x You could
embarrassed. | legal,
tell
Commuters can expect ~ closures for a while longer. Innovation
PREP. in (the) ~ x The bus was crawling along in the slow ~.
Shows the words that work together to help
technical | biblical | harsh x She reserved her harshest ~ for
those she believed had betrayed her. | bad, colourful/
Oxford Childrens Picture
Upper-Intermediate
colorful, to Advanced
crude, foul, obscene, offensive, strong, vulgar x(B2C2) Dictionary
students
NOTE write and speak natural-sounding people using foul ~
English.
Languages No two words are exactly the same. This
VERB + LANGUAGE use | be couched in, be expressed in |
mind, watch x The referee told the players to mind their ~.
excellent ... , fluent ... , good ... , perfect ... x He speaks PREP.learners
in ... ~ x Histhesaurus helps
letter was couched students
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Japanese. PHRASES use of ~ x The writers use of ~ reflects the
bad ... , broken ... , poor ... I got by with broken Chinese
combinations (collocations) essential for
x between over 17,000 similar words and
personality of each character.
and sign language.
natural-sounding British
colloquial ... , idiomatic and American
... , non-standard ... , pidgin ... , expressions,
lantern noun and use them correctly.
standard ... The inhabitants speak a kind of pidgin
x VERB + LANTERN light, shine x He shone his ~ into the dark
English.
Spanish. The
room. 2,000
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x They saw people hanging paper ~s from their
written Polish. LANTERN + VERB burn, glow, light sth, shine x A ~ lit the small
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include between three and ten near-
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lap noun circuit
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typical
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collocations and frequency.
completed at 208 mph.
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Collocations
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do ... (esp. BrE), learn ... , study... x I did German at around
VERB + LAP complete, do, finish, take x He took a quick ~
help students
the empty understand
rink. | race, thexdifferences
run, swim (AmE) He was
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forgottenaremostclearly labelled.
of it. x Ive been learning swimming ~s in the pool.
between familiar words such as easy and
LAP + NOUN record (BrE) x He set a new ~ record. | pool (AmE)
16-page
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the note section.
at SUBJECT
16 study pages focusing on topics, with
LAPEL + NOUN badge (BrE), button (AmE), pin (esp. BrE)
PREP. in the/your ~ x He was wearing a carnation in his ~. |
on the/your ~ x a jacket with a pin on the ~
language noun
exam-style
PHRASES grab sb by theexercises.
~s x He grabbed her by the ~s and
shook her violently.
1 system of communication The CD-ROM contains the complete
first, native x She grew up in Mexico, so her first ~ is lapse noun
ADJ.
Spanish. | foreign, second x How many foreign ~s does she thesaurus, and over 250 practice exercises.
1 small error; bad manners
speak? x the teaching of English as a second ~ | original x
Most local cinemas show films in the original ~, with German ADJ. minor | major, serious x a serious ~ in judgment |
subtitles. | source, target (both technical) | ancient, unfortunate | brief, momentary, temporary | sudden |
classical, dead x Latin is a dead ~. | modern | common, occasional, rare x Dawsons occasional ~s of concentration |
shared | indigenous, local | official x Belgium has two memory, mental x I keep suffering these mental ~s. |
official ~s. | national x Portuguese is the national ~ of intelligence, security x the investigation into security ~s at
Brazil. | dominant | international, universal | minority x the laboratory | odd (BrE) x It was an odd ~ for one who is
Some minority ~s are dying out. | natural x Computers will normally so polite. | ethical, moral (both esp. AmE) x
never be able to understand natural ~. | strange, unknown allegations of ethical ~s
x manuscripts written in an unknown ~ | computer,
VERB + LAPSE have, suffer x I had a momentary ~ when I
programming couldnt remember his name.
VERB + LANGUAGE speak | know, understand | use | learn, PREP. ~ in x a ~ in attention | ~ of x sudden ~s of
study | teach | master concentration
LANGUAGE + NOUN acquisition, development, learning x new 2 passing of time
methods of ~ learning | course, lesson | skill | barrier ADJ. brief | long x Im sorry for the long ~ of time between
PHRASES command of (a) ~, knowledge of (a) ~, mastery of updates. | time
(a) ~ x Her command of ~ is very advanced for a six-year-old. PHRASES ~ of x after a considerable ~ of time x a time ~ of
2 way of using language three months
Collocations
ADJ.spoken, writtenDictionary
x
CD-ROM
She could speak some Chinese, but
never studied the written ~. | colloquial, everyday, informal larder noun (esp. BrE)
| formal | expressive, flowery, literary, poetic | figurative, ADJ. full, well-stocked | bare, empty | walk-in
Searchable index that makes it
easy to find the collocation you are
looking for.
Pop-up definitions of every word
included in the dictionary, with
spoken pronunciation of British and
American English.
Search the complete dictionary.
Practice exercises.
Oxford Collocations Dictionary Pack 978 0 19 432538 7 Oxford Learners Thesaurus Pack (Book and 978 0 19 475200 8
(Dictionary and CD-ROM) CD-ROM)
88
Bilingual Learners Dictionaries
NEW
progression P
German
money profesyonel: a top golf professional 3 597
(informal pro) a person who has a lot of skill and
experience profesyonel, usta: This was clearly
a job for a professional. fusely for being late. The blood was flowing pro-
fusely (oluk gibi).
The dictionary that develops yourprofessionalism
language skills /prfenlzm/ noun [U] a
way of doing a job that shows great skill and
experience profesyonellik, ustalk: We were
profusion /prfjun/ noun [sing., with sing. or pl.
verb, U] (formal) a very large quantity of sth byk
impressed by the professionalism of the staff. miktar: a profusion of colours Roses grew in
profusion against the old wall. ABUNDANCE
The Oxford Wordpower Dictionary English-English-Turkish builds
experienceyour
professionally /prfenli/ adv. 1 in a way that
Oxford
Bilgisayar program hem Amerikan hem de
Each meaning of every word is translated intoprofessor
Turkish. You
of thecan
highestlook up :
/prfes(r)/ noun [C] (abbr. Prof.) 1 a
university teacher level profesr
ngiliz ngilizcesinde program eklinde yazlr.
Programn br anlamlarndaki yazl ise
words on the CD-ROM in either English or Turkish.
Professor Toolen Shes professor of English at ngiliz ngilizcesinde programme, Amerikan
Wordpower
from the side, not the front yandan grn: I is sent out on the radio or TV (radyo, televizyon
Over 37,000 examples show how did a sketch of him in profile. 2 a short descrip-
tion of sb/sth that gives useful information z-
vb.) program: a TV/radio programme Theres a
programme I want to watch on the other channel.
gemi; profil: Were building up a profile of our
words are used, and words that are used average customer. Be careful what you put on
Weve just missed an interesting programme on
elephants. note at TELEVISION 3 a little book or
together. your Facebook profile, as it isnt always private.
have/keep a high/low profile to have a way of
piece of paper which you get at a concert, a sports
event, etc. that gives you information about what
Over 5500 usage notes on grammar, behaving that does/does not attract other peoples
attention gze batmak/gze arpmamak: I
you are going to see (konser, oyun vb.) program:
a theatre programme note at PROGRAM1
Dictionary
confusable words, cultural points, etc. dont know much about the subject Im going
programme2 (US program) /prrm/ verb [T]
Greek
to keep a low profile at the meeting tomorrow.
(programming; programmed; US also programing; pro-
profit1 /prft/ noun [C,U] the money that you gramed) 1 to plan for sth to happen at a particular
make when you sell sth for more than it cost you time ayarlamak: The road is programmed for
Search the CD-ROM in Turkish or English. kr, kazan: Did you make a profit on your
house when you sold it? Im hoping to sell my
completion next May. 2 to make sb/sth work or
act automatically in a particular way program-
shares at a profit. We wont make much profit
Dictionary
lamak: The lights are programmed to come on as
in the first year. LOSS
Spoken pronunciation in British or profit2 /prft/ verb [I,T] (formal) profit (from/by sth) to
soon as it gets dark.
programmer /prrm(r)/ noun [C] a person
Topic and Picture dictionaries most from the tax reforms? People on low
incomes are hoping the changes will profit them.
progress1 /prres; US pr; rs/ noun [U]
1 movement forwards or towards achieving sth
profitable /prftbl/ adj. 1 that makes money
Study pages, exercises and games krl, kazanl: a profitable business 2 helpful
ilerleme: Annas making progress at school.
to make slow/steady/rapid/good progress a
English-English-Turkish
or useful yararl: We had a profitable discussion progress report 2 change or improvement in soci-
The Genie looks up words online or in Word
Dictionary
yesterday. ety gelime, ilerleme, kalknma: scientific pro-
profitably /bli/ adv. krl biimde; yararl bi-
documents. imde: to invest money profitably to spend your
gress
in progress happening now srmekte:
time profitably profitability /prftblti/ noun Silence! Examination in progress.
The iGuide shows the information in an entry. [U] krllk; yararllk progress2 /prres/ verb [I] 1 to become bet-
profound /prfand/ adj. 1 very great; that you ter; to develop (well) ileri gitmek; gelimek,
Two free online practice tests feel very strongly derin, esasl: The experience ilerlemek: Medical knowledge has progressed rap-
had a profound influence on her. 2 needing or
(Cambridge English: Preliminary and First) at: showing a lot of knowledge or thought derin,
idly in the last twenty years. ADVANCE2 2 to
move forward; to continue ilerlemek; devam
derinlii olan: Hes always making profound
oxfordenglishtesting.com etmek: I got more and more tired as the evening
in great quantity ok, bol: profuse apologies lanma: Youve made the progression from beginner
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Diccionario Oxford Pocket para estudiantes 978 019 433733 5 Oxford Wordpower Dictionary 978 019 432340 6 See also Bilingual Dictionaries apps page 84
latinoamericanos de ingls (Paperback with EnglishEnglishTurkish (Paperback with
CD-ROM) CD-ROM)
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Bilingual
ame
Ame r ic an Dic tionar ies
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