Chapter 25 - Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Chapter 25: Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

1. Polystyrene results from the polymerization of
A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E
Ans: E Category: Medium Section: 25.2
2. Polypropene results from the polymerization of
Ans: B Category: Medium Section: 25.2
3. Acrylonitrile results from the polymerization of
Ans: C Category: Medium Section: 25.2
4. Poly(vinyl chloride) results from the polymerization of
Ans: D Category: Medium Section: 25.2
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5. Which one of these molecules could not serve as a monomer for an addition polymer?
A) ClCH=CH2
B) H2C=CHCN
C) H2C=CHC6H5
D)
E)
6. The segment represents the polymer named

A) polybutylene. D) polystyrene.
B) polyvinyl chloride. E) polyethylene.
C) polypropylene.
7. The segment represents the polymer named

A) polybutylene. D) polystyrene.
B) polyvinyl chloride. E) polyethylene.
C) polypropylene.
8. Which statement is false concerning a Natta-Ziegler catalyst?

A) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst can be used to promote a polymerization that is selective
for isotactic or syndiotactic polymer.
B) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst containing [Al(C2H5)3] and TiCl3 can be used to promote
the formation of specific isomers in a polymerization.
C) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst is used to make a polymerization thermodynamically
favorable.
D) A Natta-Ziegler catalyst has been used by chemists to design polymers with
different properties.
9. Which of the following polymers is formed by a condensation process?

A) PVC B) nylon C) Teflon D) Plexiglas E) neoprene
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10. The only true hydrocarbon polymer found in nature is

A) rubber B) nylon C) Tyvek D) polystyrene E) neoprene
Ans: A Category: Easy Section: 25.2
11. A protein is
A) a polysaccharide.
B) a saturated ester of glycerol.
C) one of the units making up a nucleic acid.
D) a polymer of amino acids.
E) an aromatic hydrocarbon.
12. What structural feature is required to have an isotactic or syndiotactic carbon-based

polymer?
A) A repeating unit that contains an asymmetric carbon
B) A repeating unit that contains a double bond
C) A repeating unit that contains a triple bond
D) A repeating unit that contains an aromatic hydrocarbon
E) A repeating unit that contains an atom other than carbon
Ans: A Category: Medium Section: 25.2
13. Which of the following polymers has an isotactic structure?

H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
CH CH CH CH
A
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
B CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
C CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
D C C C C
H2 H2 H2 H2 n
A) A B) B C) C D) D
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14. Which of the following polymers has a syndiotactic structure?

H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
CH CH CH CH
A
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
B CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
C CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
D C C C C
H2 H2 H2 H2 n
A) A B) B C) C D) D
15. Which of the following polymers has an atactic structure?

H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
CH CH CH CH
A
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3
n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
B CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
C CH CH CH CH
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

n
H2 H2 H2 H2
C C C C
D C C C C
H2 H2 H2 H2 n
A) A B) B C) C D) D
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16. Which polymerization shown takes place by a radical mechanism?

I. R C CH2 + n H2C CH2 R C C C CH2
H2 H2 H2 H2
n
II. n NH2 (CH2)6 NH2 + n HOOC (CH2)4 COOH
O O
(CH2)6 C C
N N (CH2)4
H H n
A) I only B) II only C) I and II D) None of the above
17. Which polymerization shown takes place by a condensation reaction?
I. R C CH2 + n H2C CH2 R C C C CH2

H2 H2 H2 H2
n
II. n NH2 (CH2)6 NH2 + n HOOC (CH2)4 COOH
O O
(CH2)6 C C
N N (CH2)4
H H n
A) I only B) II only C) I and II D) None of the above
18. A polymer made in a polymerization reaction that also produces small molecules (such as
water) is classified as
A) an addition polymer D) an elimination polymer.
B) a natural polymer. E) a copolymer.
C) a condensation polymer.
Ans: C Category: Easy Section: 25.2
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19. Which option represents a cross-linked polymer?
A) A B) B C) C D) D
20. The polymer formed from the monomer CH2=CHCN is

A)
B) (CH2=CHCN)n
C) (CH2=CH=CN)n
D)
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21. Which one of these materials is a copolymer?

A) Styrene-butadiene D) poly-cis-isoprene
B) polyvinyl chloride E) polyethylene
C) polypropylene
22. What type of polymer is represented by the following repeating segment?
A) polyamide B) polyester C) polyether D) polyolefin E) polyethylene

23. An amino acid is a compound that contains at least

A) one amino group and one amide group.
B) two amino groups and one carboxylic acid group.
C) one hydroxyl group and one methyl group.
D) one carboxylic acid group and one amino group.
E) one methyl group and one amide group.
Ans: D Category: Easy Section: 25.3
24. A peptide bond (also called an amide bond) joins two amino acids together. What atoms
are linked by this bond?
A) C O B) C H C) C N D) N S E) S C
25. An essential amino acid is one that

A) must be included in the diet. D) is necessary for vitamin production.
B) contains no sulfur. E) the body can synthesize.
C) occurs in all types of proteins.
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26. Which one of these choices is the general structural formula of an amino acid?
A)
B) RCH2NH2
C)
D)
Ans: D Category: Easy Section: 25.3
27. The functional group
found in proteins is called a (an)

A) amide. B) carboxylic acid. C) amine. D) amino acid. E) dipeptide.
28. Which of the structures below corresponds to the dipeptide alanylcysteine? The parent
amino acids are shown below.
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29. Which of the structures below corresponds to the dipeptide cysteylananine? The parent
amino acids are shown below.
30. The secondary structure of a protein is the

A) configuration of those parts of the chain stabilized by a regular pattern of covalent
bonds between C and O groups of the backbone of the chain.
B) configuration of those parts of the chain stabilized by a regular pattern of hydrogen
bonds between CO and NH groups of the backbone of the chain.
C) specific order of amino acids in the chain.
D) overall three-dimensional structure of the molecule.
E) overall arrangement of several polypeptide chains into one functional unit.
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31. A protein that has been reversibly denatured has

A) temporarily lost part or all of its secondary or tertiary structure.
B) temporarily lost part or all of its primary structure.
C) been genetically modified due to errors in the nucleotides in the parent DNA.
D) temporarily lost its amino acid residues.
E) temporarily lost the hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous bases.
32. Which of these molecules is a product of the hydrolysis of DNA?

A) acetic acid B) glucose C) adenine D) ribose E) water
Ans: C Category: Difficult Section: 25.4
33. Phosphorus is an essential mineral element. It is an important atom in which one of the
following?
A) amino acids B) proteins C) polyethylene D) nylon E) DNA
34. The backbone of a strand of nucleic acid consists of

A) phosphate units only.
B) phosphate and sugar units.
C) polyester.
D) phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base units.
E) sugar units only.
35. Which choice contains all three molecular units found in nucleotides?
A) phosphate, sugar, amino acid
B) amino acid, nitrogen-containing base, sugar
C) carboxylic acid, sugar, protein
D) phosphate, nitrogen-containing base, sugar
E) sugar, amino acid, protein
36. Which choice lists both the sugar and the nitrogen base that are a part of RNA but are not
a part of DNA?
A) deoxyribose and thymine D) uracil and thymine
B) ribose and deoxyribose E) ribose and thymine
C) ribose and uracil
37. Which one of these molecules is part of the make-up of both DNA and RNA?
A) deoxyribose B) ribose C) phosphate D) thymine E) uracil
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38. The intermolecular force between bases on the opposite strands of DNA responsible for
its double-helical structure is
A) hydrogen bonding. D) ionic force.
B) dispersion force. E) dipole-dipole force.
C) covalent bonding.
39. Which nitrogen base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

A) adenine B) cytosine C) guanine D) thymine E) uracil
40. Cysteine and methionine are unique among the twenty essential amino acids in that they
A) are chiral.
B) contain an aromatic ring.
C) do not form dipolar ions.
D) contain sulfur.
E) cannot join with other amino acids to form peptides.
41. Proteins occurring in the -pleated sheet structure

A) are relatively inelastic. D) contain no peptide bonds.
B) never occur in nature. E) are not involved in hydrogen bonds.
C) produce structurally weak materials.
42. Which of the following statements about the binding of oxygen to deoxyhemoglobin is
correct?
A) The binding of oxygen to Fe2+ in the first heme pulls the iron ion into the porphyrin
ring, decreasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
B) The binding of oxygen to Fe2+ in the first heme pushes the iron ion out of the
porphyrin ring, decreasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
C) The binding of oxygen to Fe2+ in the first heme pulls the iron ion into the porphyrin
ring, increasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
D) The binding of oxygen to Fe2+ in the first heme pushes the iron ion out of the
porphyrin ring, increasing the affinity for the second oxygen.
E) Oxygen does not bind to deoxyhemoglobin.
43. Amides are synthesized from two classes of organic compounds. Those two types of
compounds are
A) carboxylic acids and alkenes. D) amines and carboxylic acids.
B) amines and alcohols. E) alkenes and amines.
C) alcohols and carboxylic acids.
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44. Write an equation for the reaction of the diamine and di-carboxylic acid shown below,
and show the structure of the nylon polymer that would be formed.
Ans:
Category: Medium Section: 25.2
45. Draw the structural formula of the monomer that would be used to prepare the following
polymer (Teflon):
Ans:
Category: Medium Section: 25.2
46. The monomer used to prepare polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is CHCl=CHCl.

Ans: False Category: Medium Section: 25.2
47. The primary structure of a protein refers to the unique amino acid sequence of the
polypeptide chain.
Ans: True Category: Medium Section: 25.3
48. The following amino acids all have nonpolar side chains.
Ans: False Category: Medium Section: 25.3
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49. Both DNA and RNA have double-helical structures.

Ans: False Category: Easy Section: 25.4
50. Hydrogen bonding, dispersion forces, ionic forces, and dipole-dipole forces all affect the
structure of a protein?
Ans: True Category: Medium Section: 25.3
Page 237

Chapter 25 - Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

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Chapter 25 - Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

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Chapter 25: Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

Chapter 25: Synthetic and Natural Organic Polymers

2. Polypropene results from the polymerization of

3. Acrylonitrile results from the polymerization of

4. Poly(vinyl chloride) results from the polymerization of

Ans: E Category: Medium Section: 25.2

6. The segment represents the polymer named

7. The segment represents the polymer named

8. Which statement is false concerning a Natta-Ziegler catalyst?

9. Which of the following polymers is formed by a condensation process?

10. The only true hydrocarbon polymer found in nature is

12. What structural feature is required to have an isotactic or syndiotactic carbon-based

13. Which of the following polymers has an isotactic structure?

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

14. Which of the following polymers has a syndiotactic structure?

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

15. Which of the following polymers has an atactic structure?

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3

16. Which polymerization shown takes place by a radical mechanism?

II. n NH2 (CH2)6 NH2 + n HOOC (CH2)4 COOH

17. Which polymerization shown takes place by a condensation reaction?

I. R C CH2 + n H2C CH2 R C C C CH2

II. n NH2 (CH2)6 NH2 + n HOOC (CH2)4 COOH

19. Which option represents a cross-linked polymer?

20. The polymer formed from the monomer CH2=CHCN is

Ans: A Category: Medium Section: 25.2

21. Which one of these materials is a copolymer?

22. What type of polymer is represented by the following repeating segment?

A) polyamide B) polyester C) polyether D) polyolefin E) polyethylene

23. An amino acid is a compound that contains at least

25. An essential amino acid is one that

Ans: D Category: Easy Section: 25.3

27. The functional group

found in proteins is called a (an)

30. The secondary structure of a protein is the

31. A protein that has been reversibly denatured has

32. Which of these molecules is a product of the hydrolysis of DNA?

34. The backbone of a strand of nucleic acid consists of

39. Which nitrogen base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

41. Proteins occurring in the -pleated sheet structure

Category: Medium Section: 25.2

Category: Medium Section: 25.2

46. The monomer used to prepare polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is CHCl=CHCl.

Ans: False Category: Medium Section: 25.3

49. Both DNA and RNA have double-helical structures.

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