Current Electricity

Current Electricity
1. The S.I. unit of power is

(a) Henry
(b) coulomb
(c) watt
(d) watt-hour
Ans: c
2. Electric pressure is also called

(a) resistance
(b) power
(c) voltage
(d) energy
Ans: c
3. The substances which have a large number of free electrons and offer a low
resistance are called
(a) insulators
(b) inductors
(c) semi-conductors
(d) conductors
Ans: d
4. Out of the following which is not a poor conductor ?

(a) Cast iron
(b) Copper
(c) Carbon
(d) Tungsten
Ans: b
5. Out of the following which is an insulating material ?

(a) Copper
(b) Gold
(c) Silver
(d) Paper
Ans: d
6. The property of a conductor due to which it passes current is called

(a) resistance
(b) reluctance
(c) conductance
(d) inductance
Ans: c
7. Conductance is reciprocal of
(a) resistance
(b) inductance
(c) reluctance
(d) capacitance
Ans: a
8. The resistance of a conductor varies inversely as

(a) length
(6) area of cross-section
(c) temperature
(d) resistivity
Ans: b
9. With rise in temperature the resistance of pure metals

(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) first increases and then decreases
(d) remains constant
Ans: a
10. With rise in temperature the resistance of semi-conductors

(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) first increases and then decreases
(d) remains constant
Ans: a
11. The resistance of a copper wire 200 m long is 21 Q. If its thickness (diameter) is
0.44 mm, its specific resistance is around
(a) 1.2 x 10~8 Q-m
(b) 1.4 x 10~8 Q-m
(c) 1.6 x 10""8 Q-m
(d) 1.8 x 10"8 Q-m
Ans: c
12. Three resistances of 10 ohms, 15 ohms and 30 ohms are connected in parallel.
The total resistance of the combination is
(a) 5 ohms
(b) 10 ohms
(c) 15 ohms
(d) 55 ohms
Ans:
13. An instrument which detects electric current is known as

(a) voltmeter
(b) rheostat
(c) wattmeter
(d) galvanometer
Ans: d
14. In a circuit a 33 Q resistor carries a current of 2 A. The voltage across the

resistor is
(a) 33 V
(b) 66 v
(c) 80 V
(d) 132 V
Ans: b
15. A light bulb draws 300 mA when the voltage across it is 240 V. The resistance of
the light bulb is
(a) 400 Q
(b) 600 Q
(c) 800 Q
(d) 1000 Q
Ans: c
16. The resistance of a parallel circuit consisting of two branches is 12 ohms. If the
resistance of one branch is 18 ohms, what is the resistance of the other ?
(a) 18 Q
(b) 36 Q
(c) 48 Q
(d) 64 Q
Ans: b
17. Four wires of same material, the same cross-sectional area and the same length
when connected in parallel give a resistance of 0.25 Q. If the same four wires are
connected is series the effective resistance will be
(a) 1 Q
(b) 2 Q
(c) 3 Q
(d) 4 Q
Ans: d
18. A current of 16 amperes divides between two branches in parallel of resistances 8

ohms and 12 ohms
respectively. The current in each branch is
(a) 6.4 A, 6.9 A
(b) 6.4 A, 9.6 A
(c) 4.6 A, 6.9 A
(d) 4.6 A, 9.6 A
Ans: b
19. Current velocity through a copper conductor is

(a) the same as propagation velocity of electric energy
(b) independent of current strength
(c) of the order of a few ^.s/m
(d) nearly 3 x 108 m/s
Ans: c
20. Which of the following material has nearly zero temperature co-efficient of
resistance?
(a) Manganin
(b) Porcelain
(c) Carbon
(d) Copper
Ans: a
21. You have to replace 1500 Q resistor in radio. You have no 1500 Q resistor but have
several 1000 Q ones which you would connect
(a) two in parallel
(b) two in parallel and one in series
(c) three in parallel
(d) three in series
Ans: b
22. Two resistors are said to be connected in series when

(a) same current passes in turn through both
(b) both carry the same value of current
(c) total current equals the sum of branch currents
(d) sum of IR drops equals the applied e.m.f.
Ans: a
23. Which of the following statement is true both for a series and a parallel D.C.
circuit?
(a) Elements have individual currents
(b) Currents are additive
(c) Voltages are additive
(d) Power are additive
Ans: d
24. Which of the following materials has a negative temperature co-efficient of

resistance?
(a) Copper
(b) Aluminum
(c) Carbon
(d) Brass
Ans: c
25. Ohm's law is not applicable to

(a) vacuum tubes
(b) carbon resistors
(c) high voltage circuits
(d) circuits with low current densities
Ans: a
26. Which is the best conductor of electricity ?

(a) Iron
(b) Silver
(c) Copper
(d) Carbon
Ans: b
27. For which of the following 'ampere second' could be the unit ?
(a) Reluctance
(b) Charge
(c) Power
(d) Energy
Ans: b
28. All of the following are equivalent to watt except

(a) (amperes) ohm
(b) joules/sec.
(c) amperes x volts
(d) amperes/volt
Ans: d
29. A resistance having rating 10 ohms, 10 W is likely to be a

(a) metallic resistor
(b) carbon resistor
(c) wire wound resistor
(d) variable resistor
Ans: c
30. Which one of the following does not have negative temperature co-efficient ?
(a) Aluminium
(b) Paper
(c) Rubber
(d) Mica
Ans: a
31. Varistors are

(a) insulators
(6) non-linear resistors
(c) carbon resistors
(d) resistors with zero temperature coefficient
Ans: b
32. Insulating materials have the function of

(a) preventing a short circuit between conducting wires
(b) preventing an open circuit between the voltage source and the load
(c) conducting very large currents
(d) storing very high currents
Ans: b
33. The rating of a fuse wire is always expressed in

(a) ampere-hours
(b) ampere-volts
(c) kWh
(d) amperes
Ans: d
34. The minimum charge on an ion is

(a) equal to the atomic number of the atom
(b) equal to the charge of an electron
(c) equal to the charge of the number of electrons in an atom (#) zero
Ans: b
35. In a series circuit with unequal resistances

(a) the highest resistance has the most of the current through it
(b) the lowest resistance has the highest voltage drop
(c) the lowest resistance has the highest current
(d) the highest resistance has the highest voltage drop
Ans: d
36. The filament of an electric bulb is made of

(a) carbon
(b) aluminium
(c) tungsten
(d) nickel
Ans: c
37. A 3 Q resistor having 2 A current will dissipate the power of

(a) 2 watts
(b) 4 watts
(c) 6 watts
(d) 8 watts
Ans: c
38. Which of the following statement is true?

(a) A galvanometer with low resistance in parallel is a voltmeter
(b) A galvanometer with high resistance in parallel is a voltmeter
(c) A galvanometer with low resistance in series is an ammeter
(d) A galvanometer with high resistance in series is an ammeter
Ans: c
39. The resistance of a few meters of wire conductor in closed electrical circuit is
(a) practically zero
(b) low
(c) high
(d) very high
Ans: a
40. If a parallel circuit is opened in the main line, the current

(a) increases in the branch of the lowest resistance
(b) increases in each branch
(c) is zero in all branches
(d) is zero in the highest resistive branch
Ans: c
41. If a wire conductor of 0.2 ohm resistance is doubled in length, its resistance
becomes
(a) 0.4 ohm
(b) 0.6 ohm
(c) 0.8 ohm
(d) 1.0 ohm
Ans: a
42. Three 60 W bulbs are in parallel across the 60 V power line. If one bulb burns open
(a) there will be heavy current in the main line
(b) rest of the two bulbs will not light
(c) all three bulbs will light
(d) the other two bulbs will light
Ans: d
43. The four bulbs of 40 W each are connected in series swift a battery across them,
which of the following statement is true ?
(a) The current through each bulb in same
(b) The voltage across each bulb is not same
(c) The power dissipation in each bulb is not same
(d) None of the above
Ans: a
44. Two resistances Rl and Ri are connected in series across the voltage source where
Rl>Ri. The largest drop will be across
(a) Rl
(b) Ri
(c) either Rl or Ri
(d) none of them
Ans: a
45. What will be energy used by the battery if the battery has to drive 6.28 x 1018
electrons with potential difference of 20 V across the terminal ?
(a) 5 joules
(b) 10 joules
(c) 15 joules
(d) 20 joules
Ans:
46. A closed switch has a resistance of

(a) zero
(b) about 50 ohms
(c) about 500 ohms
(d) infinity
Ans: a
47. The hot resistance of the bulb's filament is higher than its cold resistance because
the temperature co-efficient of the filament is
(a) zero
(b) negative
(c) positive
(d) about 2 ohms per degree
Ans: c
48. Heat in a conductor is produced on the passage of electric current due to

(a) reactance
(b) capacitance
(c) impedance
(d) resistance
Ans:
49. The insulation on a current carrying conductor is provided

(a) to prevent leakage of current
(b) to prevent shock
(c) both of above factors
(d) none of above factors
Ans: c
50. The thickness of insulation provided on the conductor depends on

(a) the magnitude of voltage on the conductor
(b) the magnitude of current flowing through it
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of the above
Ans: a
51. Which of the following quantities remain the same in all parts of a series circuit ?
(a) Voltage
(b) Current
(c) Power
(d) Resistance
Ans: b
52. A 40 W bulb is connected in series with a room heater. If now 40 W bulb is

replaced by 100 W bulb, the heater output will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) remain same
(d) heater will burn out
Ans: b
53. In an electric kettle water boils in 10 m minutes. It is required to boil the boiler in
15 minutes, using same supply mains
(a) length of heating element should be decreased
(b) length of heating element should be increased
(c) length of heating element has no effect on heating if water
Ans: a
54. An electric filament bulb can be worked from

(a) D.C. supply only
(b) A.C. supply only
(c) Battery supply only
(d) All above
Ans: d
55. Resistance of a tungsten lamp as applied voltage increases

(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains same
Ans: b
56. Electric current passing through the circuit produces

(a) magnetic effect
(b) luminous effect
(c) thermal effect
(d) chemical effect
(e) all above effects
Ans: c
57. Resistance of a material always decreases if
(a) temperature of material is decreased
(6) temperature of material is increased
(c) number of free electrons available become more
(d) none of the above is correct
Ans: c
58. If the efficiency of a machine is to be high, what should be low ?

(a) Input power
(b) Losses
(c) True component of power
(d) kWh consumed
(e) Ratio of output to input
Ans: b
59. When electric current passes through a metallic conductor, its temperature rises.
This is due to
(a) collisions between conduction electrons and atoms
(b) the release of conduction electrons from parent atoms
(c) mutual collisions between metal atoms
(d) mutual collisions between conducting electrons
Ans: a
60. Two bulbs of 500 W and 200 W rated at 250 V will have resistance ratio as
(a) 4 : 25
(b) 25 : 4
(c) 2 : 5
(d) 5 : 2
Ans: c
61. A glass rod when rubbed with silk cloth is charged because
(a) it takes in proton
(b) its atoms are removed
(c) it gives away electrons
(d) it gives away positive charge
Ans: c
62. Whether circuit may be AC. or D.C. one, following is most effective in reducing the
magnitude of the current.
(a) Reactor
(b) Capacitor
(c) Inductor
(d) Resistor
Ans: d
63. It becomes more difficult to remove

(a) any electron from the orbit
(6) first electron from the orbit
(c) second electron from the orbit
(d) third electron from the orbit
Ans: d
64. When one leg of parallel circuit is opened out the total current will
(a) reduce
(b) increase
(c) decrease
(d) become zero
Ans: c
65. In a lamp load when more than one lamp are switched on the total resistance of
the load
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains same
Ans: b
66. Two lamps 100 W and 40 W are connected in series across 230 V (alternating).
Which of the following statement is correct ?
(a) 100 W lamp will glow brighter
(b) 40 W lamp will glow brighter
(c) Both lamps will glow equally bright
(d) 40 W lamp will fuse
Ans: b
67. Resistance of 220 V, 100 W lamp will be

(a) 4.84 Q
(b) 48.4 Q
(c) 484 ft
(d) 4840 Q
Ans: c
68. In the case of direct current

(a) magnitude and direction of current remains constant
(b) magnitude and direction of current changes with time
(c) magnitude of current changes with time
(d) magnitude of current remains constant
Ans: a
69. When electric current passes through a bucket full of water, lot of bubbling is
observed. This suggests that the type of supply is
(a) A.C.
(b) D.C.
(c) any of above two
Ans: b
70. Resistance of carbon filament lamp as the applied voltage increases.

(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains same
Ans: b
71. Bulbs in street lighting are all connected in

(a) parallel
(b) series
(c) series-parallel
(d) end-to-end
Ans: a
72. For testing appliances, the wattage of test lamp should be

(a) very low
(b) low
(c) high
(d) any value
Ans: c
73. Switching of a lamp in house produces noise in the radio. This is because switching
operation produces
(a) arcs across separating contacts
(b) mechanical noise of high intensity
(c) both mechanical noise and arc between contacts
Ans: a
74. Sparking occurs when a load is switched off because the circuit has high
(a) resistance
(b) inductance
(c) capacitance
(d) impedance
Ans: b
75. Copper wire of certain length and resistance is drawn out to three times its length
without change in volume, the new resistance of wire becomes
(a) 1/9 times
(b) 3 times
(e) 9 times
(d) unchanged
Ans: c
76. When resistance element of a heater fuses and then we reconnect it after removing
a portion of it, the power of the heater will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) remain constant
Ans: b
77. A field of force can exist only between

(a) two molecules
(b) two ions
(c) two atoms
(d) two metal particles
Ans: b
78. A substance whose molecules consist of dissimilar atoms is called

(a) semi-conductor
(b) super-conducto
(c) compound
(d) insulator
Ans: c
79. International ohm is defined in terms of the resistance of

(a) a column of mercury
(b) a cube of carbon
(c) a cube of copper
(d) the unit length of wire
Ans: a
80. Three identical resistors are first connected in parallel and then in series.
The resultant resistance of the first combination to the second will be
(a) 9 times
(b) 1/9 times
(c) 1/3 times
(d) 3 times
Ans: b
91. Which method can be used for absolute measurement of resistances ?

(a) Lorentz method
(b) Releigh method
(c) Ohm's law method
(d) Wheatstone bridge method
Ans: d
92. Three 6 ohm resistors are connected to form a triangle. What is the resistance
between any two corners ?
(a) 3/2 Q
(b 6 Q
(c) 4 Q
(d) 8/3 Q
Ans: c
93. Ohm's law is not applicable to

(a) semi-conductors
(b) D.C. circuits
(c) small resistors
(d) high currents
Ans: a
94. Two copper conductors have equal length. The cross-sectional area of one
conductor is four times that of the other. If the conductor having smaller cross-
sectional area has a resistance of 40 ohms the resistance of other conductor will be
(a) 160 ohms
(b) 80 ohms
(c) 20 ohms
(d) 10 ohms
Ans: d
95. A nichrome wire used as a heater coil has the resistance of 2 2/m. For a heater of
1 kW at 200 V, the length of wire required will be
(a) 80 m
(b) 60 m
(c) 40 m
(d) 20 m
Ans: a
96. Temperature co-efficient of resistance is expressed in terms of

(a) ohms/C
(b) mhos/ohmC
(e) ohms/ohmC
(d) mhos/C
Ans: c
97. Which of the following materials has the least resistivity ?

(a) Zinc
(b) Lead
(c) Mercury
(d) Copper
Ans:
98. When current flows through heater coil it glows but supply wiring does not glow
because
(a) current through supply line flows at slower speed
(b) supply wiring is covered with insulation layer
(c) resistance of heater coil is more than the supply wires
(d) supply wires are made of superior material
Ans: c
99. The condition for the validity under Ohm's law is that
(a) resistance must be uniform
(b) current should be proportional to the size of the resistance
(c) resistance must be wire wound type
(d) temperature at positive end should be more than the temperature at negative end
Ans: a
100. Which of the following statement is correct ?

(a) A semi-conductor is a material whose conductivity is same as between that of a
conductor and an insulator
(b) A semi-conductor is a material which has conductivity having average value of
conductivity of metal and insulator
(c) A semi-conductor is one which conducts only half of the applied voltage
(d) A semi-conductor is a material made of alternate layers of conducting material
and insulator
Ans: a
101. A rheostat differs from potentiometer in the respect that it

(a) has lower wattage rating
(b) has higher wattage rating
(c) has large number of turns
(d) offers large number of tapping
Ans: b
102. The weight of an aluminium conductor as compared to a copper conductor of

identical cross-section, for the same electrical resistance, is
(a) 50%
(b) 60%
(c) 100%
(d) 150%
Ans: a
103. An open resistor, when checked with an ohm-meter reads

(a) zero
(b) infinite
(c) high but within tolerance
(d) low but not zero
Ans: b
104. are the materials having electrical conductivity much less than most of the metals
but much greater than that of typical insulators.
(a) Varistors
(b) Thermistor
(c) Semi-conductors
(d) Variable resistors
Ans: c
105. All good conductors have high

(a) conductance
(b) resistance
(c) reluctance
(d) thermal conductivity
Ans: a
106. Voltage dependent resistors are usually made from

(a) charcoal
(b) silicon carbide
(c) nichrome
(d) graphite
Ans: c
107. Voltage dependent resistors are used

(a) for inductive circuits
(6) to supress surges
(c) as heating elements
(d) as current stabilizers
Ans: b
108. The ratio of mass of proton to that of electron is nearly

(a) 1840
(b) 1840
(c) 30
(d) 4
Ans: a
109. The number of electrons in the outer most orbit of carbon atom is
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 7
Ans: b
110. With three resistances connected in parallel, if each dissipates 20 W the total
power supplied by the voltage source equals
(a) 10 W
(b) 20 W
(c) 40 W
(d) 60 W
Ans: d
111. A thermistor has

(a) positive temperature coefficient
(b) negative temperature coefficient
(c) zero temperature coefficient
(d) variable temperature coefficient
Ans: c
112. If/, R and t are the current, resistance and time respectively, then according to
Joule's law heat produced will be proportional to
(a) I2Rt
(b) I2Rf
(c) I2R2t
(d) I2R2t*
Ans: a
113. Nichrome wire is an alloy of

(a) lead and zinc
(b) chromium and vanadium
(c) nickel and chromium
(d) copper and silver
Ans: c
114. When a voltage of one volt is applied, a circuit allows one micro ampere current
to flow through it. The conductance of the circuit is
(a) 1 n-mho
(b) 106 mho
(c) 1 milli-mho
Ans: a
115. Which of the following can have negative temperature coefficient ?

(a) Compounds of silver
(6) Liquid metals
(c) Metallic alloys
(d) Electrolytes
Ans: d
116. Conductance : mho ::

(a) resistance : ohm
(b) capacitance : henry
(c) inductance : farad
(d) lumen : steradian
Ans: a
117. 1 angstrom is equal to

(a) 10-8 mm
(6) 10"6 cm
(c) 10"10 m
(d) 10~14 m
Ans: c
118. One newton meter is same as

(a) one watt
(b) one joule
(c) five joules
(d) one joule second
Ans: b
Network Theorems
1. Kirchhoff s current law states that
(a) net current flow at the junction is positive
(b) Hebraic sum of the currents meeting at the junction is zero
(c) no current can leave the junction without some current entering it.
(d) total sum of currents meeting at the junction is zero
Ans: b
2. According to Kirchhoffs voltage law, the algebraic sum of all IR drops and e.m.fs. in
any closed loop of a network is always
(a) negative
(b) positive
(c) determined by battery e.m.fs.
(d) zero
Ans: d
3. Kirchhoffs current law is applicable to only

(a) junction in a network
(b) closed loops in a network
(c) electric circuits
(d) electronic circuits
Ans: a
4. Kirchhoffs voltage law is related to

(a) junction currents
(b) battery e.m.fs.
(c) IR drops
(d) both (b) and (c)
(e) none of the above
Ans: d
5. Superposition theorem can be applied only to circuits having

(a) resistive elements
(b) passive elements
(c) non-linear elements
(d) linear bilateral elements
Ans: d
6. The concept on which Superposition theorem is based is

(a) reciprocity
(b) duality
(c) non-linearity
(d) linearity
Ans: d
7. Thevenin resistance Rth is found

(a) by removing voltage sources along with their internal resistances
(6) by short-circuiting the given two terminals
(c) between any two 'open' terminals
(d) between same open terminals as for Etk
Ans: d
8. An ideal voltage source should have

(a) large value of e.m.f.
(b) small value of e.m.f.
(c) zero source resistance
(d) infinite source resistance
Ans: c
9. For a voltage source

(a) terminal voltage is always lower than source e.m.f.
(b) terminal voltage cannot be higher than source e.m.f.
(c) the source e.m.f. and terminal voltage are equal
Ans: b
10. To determine the polarity of the voltage drop across a resistor, it is necessary to
know
(a) value of current through the resistor
(b) direction of current through the resistor
(c) value of resistor
(d) e.m.fs. in the circuit
Ans: b
11. "Maximum power output is obtained from a network when the load resistance is
equal to the output resistance of the network as seen from the terminals of the load".
The above statement is associated with
(a) Millman's theorem
(b) Thevenin's theorem
(c) Superposition theorem
(d) Maximum power transfer theorem
Ans: d
12. "Any number of current sources in parallel may be replaced by a single current
source whose current is the algebraic sum of individual source currents and source
resistance is the parallel combination of individual
source resistances".
(a) Thevenin's theorem
(b) Millman's theorem
(c) Maximum power transfer theorem
Ans: b
13. "In any linear bilateral network, if a source of e.m.f. E in any branch produces a
current I in any other
branch, then same e.m.f. acting in the second branch would produce the same current
/ in the first branch".
(a) compensation theorem
(b) superposition theorem
(c) reciprocity theorem
Ans: c
14. Which of the following is non-linear circuit parameter ?

(a) Inductance
(b) Condenser
(c) Wire wound resistor
(d) Transistor
Ans: a
15. A capacitor is generally a

(a) bilateral and active component
(b) active, passive, linear and nonlinear component
(c) linear and bilateral component
(d) non-linear and active component
Ans: c
16. "In any network containing more than one sources of e.m.f. the current in any
branch is the algebraic sum of a number of individual fictitious currents (the number
being equal to the number of sources of e.m.f.), each of which is due to separate action
of each source of e.m.f., taken in order, when the remaining sources of e.m.f. are
replaced by conductors, the resistances of which are equal to the internal resistances
of the respective sources".
(a) Thevenin's theorem
(b) Norton's theorem
(c) Superposition theorem
Ans: c
17. Kirchhoff s law is applicable to

(a) passive networks only
(b) a.c. circuits only
(c) d.c. circuits only
(d) both a.c. as well d.c. circuits
Ans: d
18. Kirchhoff s law is not applicable to circuits with

(a) lumped parameters
(b) passive elements
(c) distributed parameters
(d) non-linear resistances
Ans: c
19. Kirchhoff s voltage law applies to circuits with

(a) nonlinear elements only
(b) linear elements only
(c) linear, non-linear, active and passive elements
(d) linear, non-linear, active, passive, time varying as wells as time-in-variant
elements
Ans: d
20. The resistance LM will be

(a) 6.66 Q
(b) 12 Q
(c) 18Q
(d) 20Q
Ans: a
21. For high efficiency of transfer of power, internal resistance of the source should be
(a) equal to the load resistance
(b) less than the load resistance
(c) more than the load resistance
Ans: b
22. Efficiency of power transfer when maximum transfer of power c xerosis

(a) 100%
(b) 80%
(c) 75%
(d) 50%
Ans: d
23. If resistance across LM in Fig. 2.30 is 15 ohms, the value of R is

(a) 10 Q
(6) 20 Q
(c) 30 Q
(d) 40 Q
Ans: c
24. For maximum transfer of power, internal resistance of the source should be
(a) equal to load resistance
(b) less than the load resistance
(c) greater than the load resistance
Ans: a
25. If the energy is supplied from a source, whose resistance is 1 ohm, to a load of 100
ohms the source will be
(a) a voltage source
(b) a current source
(c) both of above
Ans: a
26. The circuit whose properties are same in either direction is known as
(a) unilateral circuit
(b) bilateral circuit
(c) irreversible circuit
(d) reversible circuit
Ans: b
27. In a series parallel circuit, any two resistances in the same current path must be in
(a) series with each other
(b) parallel with each other
(c) series with the voltage source.'
(d) parallel with the voltage source
Ans: a
28. The circuit has resistors, capacitors and semi-conductor diodes. The circuit will be
known as
(a) non-linear circuit
(b) linear circuit
(c) bilateral circuit
Ans: a
29. A non-linear network does not satisfy

(a) superposition condition
(b) homogeneity condition
(c) both homogeneity as well as superposition condition
(d) homogeneity, superposition and associative condition
Ans: c
30. An ideal voltage source has

(a) zero internal resistance
(b) open circuit voltage equal to the voltage on full load
(c) terminal voltage in proportion to current
(d) terminal voltage in proportion to load
Ans: a
31. A network which contains one or more than one source of e.m.f. is known as
(a) linear network
(b) non-linear network
(c) passive network
(d) active network
Ans: c
32. The superposition theorem is applicable to

(a) linear, non-linear and time variant responses
(b) linear and non-linear resistors only
(c) linear responses only
Ans: c
33. Which of the following is not a nonlinear element ?

(a) Gas diode
(b) Heater coil
(c) Tunnel diode
(d) Electric arc
Ans:
34. Application of Norton's theorem to a circuit yields

(a) equivalent current source and impedance in series
(6) equivalent current source and impedance in parallel
(c) equivalent impedance
(d) equivalent current source
Ans: a
35. Millman's theorem yields

(a) equivalent resistance
(6) equivalent impedance
(c) equivalent voltage source
(d) equivalent voltage or current source
Ans: d
36. The superposition theorem is applicable to

(a) voltage only
(b) current "only
(c) both current and voltage
(d) current voltage and power
Ans: d
37. Between the branch voltages of a loop the Kirchhoff s voltage law imposes
(a) non-linear constraints
(b) linear constraints
(c) no constraints
Ans: b
38. A passive network is one which contains

(a) only variable resistances
(b) only some sources of e.m.f. in it
(c) only two sources of e.m.f. in it
(d) no source of e.m.f. in it
Ans: d
39. A terminal where three on more branches meet is known as

(a) node
(b) terminus
(c) combination
(d) anode
Ans: a
40. Which of the following is the passive element ?

(a) Capacitance
(b) Ideal current source
(c) Ideal voltage source
(d) All of the above
Ans: a
41. Which of the following is a bilateral element ?
(a) Constant current source
(b) Constant voltage source
(c) Capacitance
Ans: c
42. A closed path made by several branches of the network is known as

(a) branch
(b) loop
(c) circuit
(d) junction
Ans: b
43. A linear resistor having 0 < R < o is a

(a) current controlled resistor
(6) voltage controlled resistor
(c) both current controlled and voltage controlled resistor
Ans: c
44. A star circuit has element of resistance R/2. The equivalent delta elements will be
(a) R/6
(b) fi?
(c) 2R
(d) 4R
Ans: b
45. A delta circuit has each element of value R/2. The equivalent elements of star
circuit with be
(a) RIG
(b) R/3
(c) 2R
(d) 3R
Ans: a
46. In Thevenin's theorem, to find Z

(a) all independent current sources are short circuited and independent voltage
sources are open circuited
(b) all independent voltage sources are open circuited and all independent current
sources are short circuited
(c) all independent voltage and current sources are short circuited
(d) all independent voltage sources are short circuited and all independent current
sources are open circuited
Ans: d
47. While calculating Rth in Thevenin's theorem and Norton equivalent
(a) all independent sources are made dead
(b) only current sources are made dead
(c) only voltage sources are made dead
(d) all voltage and current sources are made dead
Ans: a
48. The number of independent equations to solve a network is equal to

(a) the number of chords
(b) the number of branches
(c) sum of the number of branches and chords
(d) sum of number of branches, chords and nodes
Ans: a
49. The superposition theorem requires as many circuits to be solved as there are
(a) sources, nodes and meshes
(b) sources and nodes
(c) sources
(d) nodes
Ans: c
50. Choose the incorrect statement.

(a) A branch formed by the parallel connection of any resistor R and open circuit
has the characteristic of an open circuit.
(b) A branch formed by the parallel connection of any resistor R and a short circuit
has the characteristic of a short circuit.
(c) A branch formed by the series connection of any resistor R and an open circuit has
the characteristic of an open circuit.
(d) A branch formed by the series connection of any resistor R and a short circuit has
the characteristic of resistor R.
Ans: a
A.C. Fundamentals, Circuits and Circuit Theory.

1. A sine wave has a frequency of 50 Hz. Its angular frequency is _______ radian/second.
(a) 100 n
(b) 50 jt
(c) 25 JT
(d) 5 n
Ans: a
2. The reactance offered by a capacitor to alternating current of frequency 50 Hz is 20

Q. If frequency is increased to 100 Hz, reactance becomes_____ohms.
(a) 2.5
(b) 5
(c) 10
(d) 15
Ans: c
3. The period of a wave is

(a) the same as frequency
(6) time required to complete one cycle
(c) expressed in amperes
Ans: b
4. The form factor is the ratio of

(a) peak value to r.m.s. value
(6) r.m.s. value to average value
(c) average value to r.m.s. value
Ans: b
5. The period of a sine wave is _____ seconds.

Its frequency is
(a) 20 Hz
(b) 30 Hz
(c) 40 Hz
(d) 50 Hz
Ans: d
6. A heater is rated as 230 V, 10 kW, A.C. The value 230 V refers to

(a) average voltage
(b) r.m.s. voltage
(c) peak voltage
Ans: b
7. If two sinusoids of the same frequency but of different amplitudes and phase angles
are subtracted, the resultant is
(a) a sinusoid of the same frequency
(b) a sinusoid of half the original frequency
(c) a sinusoid of double the frequency
(d) not a sinusoid
Ans: a
8. The peak value of a sine wave is 200 V. Its average value is

(a) 127.4 V
(b) 141.4 V
(c) 282.8 V
(d)200V
Ans: a
9. If two sine waves of the same frequency have a phase difference of JT radians, then
(a) both will reach their minimum values at the same instant
(b) both will reach their maximum values at the same instant
(c) when one wave reaches its maximum value, the other will reach its minimum
value
Ans: c
10. The voltage of domestic supply is 220V. This figure represents

(a) mean value
(b) r.m.s. value
(c) peak value
(d) average value
Ans: a
11. Two waves of the same frequency have opposite phase when the phase angle
between them is
(a) 360
(b) 180
(c) 90
(d) 0
Ans: b
12. The power consumed in a circuit element will be least when the phase difference
between the current and
voltage is
(a) 180"
(b) 90
(c) 60
(d) 0
Ans: b
13. The r.m.s. value and mean value is the same in the case of
(a) triangular wave
(6) sine wave
(c) square wave
(d) half wave rectified sine wave
Ans: c
14. For the same peak value which of the following wave will 'have the highest r.m.s.
value ?
(a) square wave
(b) half wave rectified sine wave
(c) triangular wave
(d) sine wave
Ans: a
15. For the same peak value, which of the following wave has the least mean value ?
(a) half wave rectified sine wave
(b) triangular wave
(c) sine wave
(d) square wave
Ans: a
16. For a sine wave with peak value Imax the r.m.s. value is
(a) 0.5 Imax
(b) 0.707
(c) 0.9
(d) 1.414 Lmax
Ans: b
17. Form Factor is the ratio of

(a) average value/r.m.s. value
(b) average value/peak value
(e) r.m.s. value/average value
(d) r.m.s. value/peak value
Ans: c
18. Form factor for a sine wave is

(a) 1.414
(b) 0.707
(c) 1.11
(d) 0.637
Ans: c
19. For a sine wave with peak value Emax______8.30. the average value is
(a) 0.636 Emax
(b) 0.707 Emax
(c) 0.434 EWc
(d) lAUEmax
Ans: a
20. For a frequency of 200 Hz, the time period will be

(a) 0.05 s
(b) 0.005 s
(c) 0.0005 s
(d) 0.5 s
Ans: b
21. The phase difference between voltage and current wave through a circuit element
is given as 30. The essential condition is that
(a) both waves must have same frequency
(b) both waves must have identical peak values
(c) both waves must have zero value at the same time
Ans: a
22. The r.m.s. value of a sinusoidal A.C. current is equal to its value at an angle
of______degrees.
(a) 90
(b) 60
(c) 45
(d) 30
Ans: c
23. Capacitive reactance is more when

(a) capacitance is less and frequency of supply is less
(b) capacitance is less and frequency of supply is more
(c) capacitance is more and frequency of supply is less
(d) capacitance is more and frequency of supply is more
Ans: a
24. In a series resonant circuit, the impedance of the circuit is

(a) minimum
(b) maximum
(c) zero
Ans: a
25. Power factor of an electrical circuit is equal to

(a) R/Z
(b) cosine of phase angle difference be-tween current and voltage
(c) kW/kVA
(d) ratio of useful current to total current Iw/I
(e) all above
Ans: e
26. The best place to install a capacitor is

(a) very near to inductive load
(b) across the terminals of the inductive load
(c) far away from the inductive load
(d) any where
Ans: b
27. Poor power factor

(a) reduces load handling capability of electrical system
(b) results in more power losses in the electrical system
(c) overloads alternators, transformers and distribution lines
(d) results in more voltage drop in the line
(e) results in all above
Ans: e
28. Capacitors for power factor correction are rated in

(a) kW
(b) kVA
(c) kV
(d) kVAR
Ans: d
29. In series resonant circuit, increasing inductance to its twice value and reducing
capacitance to its half value
(a) will change the maximum value of current at resonance
(6) will change the resonance frequency
(c) will change the impedance at resonance frequency
(d) will increase the selectivity of the circuit
Ans: d
30. Pure inductive circuit

(a) consumes some power on average
(b) does not take power at all from a line
(c) takes power from the line during some part of the cycle and then returns back to it
during other part of the cycle
Ans: c
31. Inductance affects the direct current flow

(a) only at the time of turning off
(b) only at the time of turning on
(c) at the time of turning on and off
(d) at all the time of operation
Ans: c
32. Inductance of a coil Varies

(a) directly as the cross-sectional area of magnetic core
(b) directly as square of number of turns
(c) directly as the permeability of the core
(d) inversely as the length of the iron path
(e) as (a) to (d)
Ans: e
33. All the rules and laws of D.C. circuit also apply to A.C. circuit containing
(a) capacitance only
(b) inductance only
(c) resistance only
(d) all above
Ans: c
34. Time constant of an inductive circuit

(a) increases with increase of inductance and decrease of resistance
(b) increases with the increase of inductance and the increase of resistance
(c) increases with decrease of inductance and decrease of resistance
(d) increases with decrease of inductance and increase of resistance
Ans: a
35. Power factor of an inductive circuit is usually improved by connecting capacitor to

it in
(a) parallel
(b) series
(c) either (a) or (b)
Ans: a
36. In a highly capacitive circuit the

(a) apparent power is equal to the actual power
(b) reactive power is more than the apparent power
(c) reactive power is more than the actual power
(d) actual power is more than its reactive power
Ans: c
37. Power factor of the following circuit will be zero

(a) resistance
(b) inductance
(c) capacitance
Ans: d
38. Power factor of the following circuit will be unity

(a) inductance
(b) capacitance
(c) resistance
(d) both (a) and (b)
Ans: c
39. Power factor of the system is kept high

(a) to reduce line losses
(b) to maximise the utilization of the capacities of generators, lines and transformers
(c) to reduce voltage regulation of the line
(d) due to all above reasons
Ans: d
40. The time constant of the capacitance circuit is defined as the time during which
voltage
(a) falls to 36.8% of its final steady value
(b) rises to 38.6% of its final steady value
(c) rises to 63.2% of its final steady value
Ans: c
41. In a loss-free R-L-C circuit the transient current is

(a) oscillating
(b) square wave
(c) sinusoidal
(d) non-oscillating
Ans: c
42. The r.m.s. value of alternating current is given by steady (D.C.) current which
when flowing through a given circuit for a given time produces
(a) the more heat than produced by A.C. when flowing through the same circuit
(b) the same heat as produced by A.C. when flowing through the same circuit
(c) the less heat than produced by A.C. flowing through the same circuit
Ans: b
43. The square waveform of current has following relation between r.m.s. value and
average value.
(a) r.m.s. value is equal to average value
(b) r.m.s. value of current is greater than average value
(c) r.m.s. value of current is less than average value
Ans: a
44. The double energy transient occur in the

(a) purely inductive circuit
(b) R-L circuit
(c) R-C circuit
(d) R-L-C circuit
Ans: d
45. The transient currents are associated with the

(a) changes in the stored energy in the inductors and capacitors
(b) impedance of the circuit
(c) applied voltage to the circuit
(d) resistance of the circuit
Ans: a
46. The power factor at resonance in R-L- C parallel circuit is
(a) zero
(b) 0.08 lagging
(c) 0.8 leading
(d) unity
Ans: d
47. In the case of an unsymmetrical alternating current the average value must always
be taken over
(a) unsymmetrical part of the wave form
(b) the quarter cycle
(c) the half cycle
(d) the whole cycle
Ans: d
48. In a pure resistive circuit

(a) current lags behind the voltage by 90
(b) current leads the voltage by 90
(c) current can lead or lag the voltage by 90
(d) current is in phase with the voltage
Ans: d
49. In a pure inductive circuit

(a) the current is in phase with the voltage
(b) the current lags behind the voltage by 90
(c) the current leads the voltage by 90
(d) the current can lead or lag by 90
Ans: b
50. In a circuit containing R, L and C, power loss can take place in

(a) C only
(b) L only
(c) R only
(d) all above
Ans: c
51. Inductance of coil

(a) is unaffected by the supply frequency
(b) decreases with the increase in supply frequency
(c) increases with the increase in supply frequency
(d) becomes zero with the increase in supply frequency
Ans: c
52. In any A.C. circuit always

(a) apparent power is more than actual power
(b) reactive power is more than apparent power
(c) actual power is more than reactive power
(d) reactive power is more than actual power
Ans: a
53. Which of the following circuit component opposes the change in the circuit voltage
?
(a) Inductance
(b) Capacitance
(c) Conductance
(d) Resistance
Ans:
54. In a purely inductive circuit

(a) actual power is zero
(b) reactive power is zero
(c) apparent power is zero
(d) none of above is zero
Ans: a
55. Power factor of electric bulb is

(a) zero
(b) lagging
(c) leading
(d) unity
Ans: d
56. Pure inductive circuit takes power from the A.C. line when
(a) applied voltage decreases but current increases
(b) applied voltage increases but current decreases
(c) both applied voltage and current increase
(d) both applied voltage and current decrease
Ans: a
57. Time constant of a circuit is the time in seconds taken after the application of
voltage to each
(a) 25% of maximum value
(b) 50% of maximum value
(c) 63% of maximum value
(d) 90% of the maximum value
Ans: c
58. Time constant of an inductive circuit

(a) increases with increase of inductance and decrease of resistance
(b) increases with the increase of inductance and the increase of resistance
(c) increases with the decrease of inductance and decrease of resistance
(d) increases with decrease of inductance and increase of resistance
Ans: a
59. Time constant of a capacitive circuit

(a) increases with the decrease of capacitance and decrease of resistance
(b) increases with the decrease of capacitance and increase of resistance
(c) increases with the increase of capacitance and decrease of resistance
(d) increase with increase of capacitance and increase of resistance
Ans: d
60. Magnitude of current at resonance in R-L-C circuit

(a) depends upon the magnitude of R
(b) depends upon the magnitude of L
(c) depends upon the magnitude of C
(d) depends upon the magnitude of R, Land C
Ans: a
61. In a R-L-C circuit

(a) power is consumed in resistance and is equal to I R
(b) exchange of power takes place between inductor and supply line
(c) exchange of power takes place between capacitor and supply line
(d) exchange of power does not take place between resistance and the supply line
(e) all above are correct
Ans: e
62. In R-L-C series resonant circuit magnitude of resonance frequency can be changed
by changing the value of
(a) R only
(b) L only
(c)C only
(d)LorC
(e) R,LorC
Ans: d
63. In a series L-C circuit at the resonant frequency the

(a) current is maximum
(b) current is minimum
(c) impedance is maximum
(d) voltage across C is minimum
Ans: a
64. The time constant of a series R-C circuit is given by

(a) R/C
(b) RC2
(c) RC
(d) R2C
Ans: c
65. If resistance is 20 Q. and inductance is 27 in a R-L series circuit, then time constant
of this circuit will be
(a) 0.001 s
(b) 0.1 s
(c) 10 s
(d) 100 s
Ans: b
66. Which of the following coil will have large resonant frequency ?
(a) A coil with large resistance
(b) A coil with low resistance
(c) A coil with large distributed capacitance
(d) A coil with low distributed capacitance
Ans: c
67. If a sinusoidal wave has frequency of 50 Hz with 30 A r.m.s. current which of the
following equation represents this wave ?
(a) 42.42 sin 3141
(b) 60 sin 25 t
(c) 30 sin 50 t
(d) 84.84 sin 25 t
Ans: a
68. The safest value of current the human body can carry for more than 3 second is
(a) 4 mA
(b) 9 mA
(c) 15 mA
(d) 25 mA
Ans: b
69. A pure inductance connected across 250 V, 50 Hz supply consumes 100 W.

This consumption can be attributed to
(a) the big size of the inductor
(b) the reactance of the inductor
(c) the current flowing in the inductor
(d) the statement given is false
Ans: d
70. The input of an A.C. circuit having power factor of 0.8 lagging is 40 kVA
The power drawn by the circuit is
(a) 12 kW
(b) 22 kW
(c) 32 kW
(d) 64 kW
Ans: c
71. The effective resistance of an iron-cored choke working on ordinary supply

frequency is more than its true resistance because of
(a) iron loss in core
(b) skin effect
(c) increase in temperature
(d) capacitive effect between adjacent coil turns
Ans: a
72. In an AC. circuit, a low value of kVAR compared with kW indicates

(a) low efficiency
(b) high power factor
(c) unity power factor
(d) maximum load current
Ans: b
73. In AC. circuits, laminated iron is invariably used in order to

(a) reduce eddy current loss
(b) increase heat radiation
(c) make assembly cheap and easier
(d) reduce circuit permeability
Ans: a
74. The ratio of active power to apparent power is known as factor.

(a) demand
(b) load
(c) power
(d) form
Ans: c
75. All definitions of power factor of a series R-L-C circuit are correct except
(a) ratio of net reactance and impedance
(b) ratio of kW and kVA
(c) ratio of J and Z
(d) ratio of W and VA
Ans: a
76. The apparent power drawn by an A.C. circuit is 10 kVA and active power is 8 kW.
The reactive power in the circuit is
(a) 4 kVAR
(b) 6 kVAR
(c) 8 kVAR
(d) 16 kVAR
Ans: b
77. What will be the phase angle between two alternating waves of equal frequency,
when one wave attains maximum value the other is at zero value ?
(a) 0
(b) 45
(c) 90
(d) 180
Ans: c
78. The purpose of a parallel circuit resonance is to magnify

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) power
(d) frequency
Ans: b
79. In an A.C. circuit power is dissipated in

(a) resistance only
(b) inductance only
(c) capacitance only
Ans: a
80. In a parallel R-C circuit, the current always______the applied voltage

(a) lags
(b) leads
(c) remains in phase with
Ans: b
81. At very low frequencies a series R-C circuit behaves as almost purely
(a) resistive
(b) inductive
(c) capacitive
Ans: c
82. Skin effect occurs when a conductor carries current at_____ frequencies.
(a) very low
(b) low
(c) medium
(d) high
Ans: d
83. At ______ frequencies the parallel R-L circuit behaves as purely resistive.
(a) low
(b) very low
(c) high
(d) very high
Ans: d
84. In a sine wave the slope is constant

(a) between 0 and 90
(b) between 90 and 180
(c) between 180 and 270
(d) no where
Ans: d
85. The power is measured in terms of decibles in case of

(a) electronic equipment
(b) transformers
(c) current transformers
(d) auto transformers
Ans: a
86. Capacitive susceptance is a measure of

(a) reactive power in a circuit
(b) the extent of neutralisation of reactive power in a circuit
(c) a purely capacitive circuit's ability to pass current
(d) a purely capacitive circuit's ability to resist the flow of current
Ans: c
87. Which of the following statements pertains to resistors only ?

(a) can dissipate considerable amount of power
(6) can act as energy storage devices
(c) connecting them in parallel increases the total value
(d) oppose sudden changes in voltage
Ans: a
88. Which of the following refers to a parallel circuit ?

(a) The current through each element is same
(b) The voltage across element is in proportion to it's resistance value
(c) The equivalent resistance is greater than any one of the resistors
(d) The current through any one element is less than the source current
Ans: d
89. Aphasoris
(a) a line which represents the magnitude and phase of an alternating quantity
(b) a line representing the magnitude and direction of an alternating quantity
(c) a coloured tag or band for distinction between different phases of a 3-phase
supply
(d) an instrument used for measuring phases of an unbalanced 3-phase load
Ans: a
89. A parallel AC. circuit in resonance will
(a) have a high voltage developed across each inductive and capacitive section
(b) have a high impedance
(c) act like a resistor of low value
(d) have current in each section equal to the line current
Ans: b
90. Wire-wound resistors are unsuitable for use at high frequencies because they
(a) create more electrical noise
(b) are likely to melt under excessive eddy current heat
(c) consume more power
(d) exhibit unwanted inductive and capacitive effects
Ans: d
91. The inductance of a coil can be increased by

(a) increasing core length
(b) decreasing the number of turns
(c) decreasing the diameter of the former
(d) choosing core material having high relative permeability
Ans: d
92. In a three-phase supply floating neutral is undesirable because it way give rise to
(a) high voltage across the load
(b) low voltage across the load
(c) unequal line voltages across the load
Ans: c
93. Which of the following waves has the highest value of peak factor ?
(a) Square wave
(b) Sine wave
(c) Half wave rectified sine wave
(d) Triangular wave
Ans: c
94. The frequency of domestic power supply in India is

(a) 200 Hz
(b) 100 Hz
(c) 60 Hz
(d) 50 Hz
Ans: d
95. The r.m.s. value of half wave rectified sine wave is 200 V. The r.m.s. value of full
wave rectified AC. will be
(a) 282.8 V
(b) 141.4 V
(c) 111 V
(d) 100 V
Ans: a
96. The r.m.s. value of pure cosine function is

(a) 0.5 of peak value
(b) 0.707 of peak value
(c) same as peak value
(d) zero
Ans: b
97. Ohm is unit of all of the following except

(a) inductive reactance
(b) capacitive reactance
(c) resistance
(d) capacitance
Ans: d
98. The series and parallel resonance on L-C circuit' differs in that
(a) series resistance needs a low-resistance source for sharp rise in current
(b) series resonance needs a high-resistance source for sharp increase in current
(c) parallel resonance needs a low-resistance source for a sharp increase in
impedance
(d) parallel resonance needs a low-resistance source for a sharp rise in line current
Ans: a
99. The phosphors for which of the following pair are 180 out of phase for VL, VC and
VR?
(a) Vc and VR
(b) VL and VR
(c) Vc and VL
Ans: c
100. The frequency of an alternating current is

(a) the speed with which the alternator runs
(b) the number of cycles generated in one minute
(c) the number of waves passing through a point in one second
(d) the number of electrons passing through a point in one second
Ans: c
101. A pure capacitor connected across an A.C. voltage consumed 50 W. This is due to
(a) the capacitive reactance in ohms
(b) the current flowing in capacitor
(c) the size of the capacitor being quite big
(d) the statement is incorrect
Ans: d
102. The power factor of a D.C. circuit is always

(a) less than unity
(b) unity
(c) greater than unity
(d) zero
Ans: b
103. The product of apparent power and cosine of the phase angle between circuit
voltage and current is
(a) true power
(b) reactive power
(c) volt-amperes
(d) instantaneous power
Ans: a
104. The equation of 50 Hz current sine wave having r.m.s. value of 60 A is

(a) 60 sin 25 t
(b) 60 sin 50 t
(c) 84.84 sin 3141
(d) 42.42 sin 314 t
Ans: c
105. An A.C. voltage is impressed across a pure resistance of 3.5 ohms in parallel with
a pure inductance of impedance of 3.5 ohms,
(a) the current through the resistance is more
(b) the current through the resistance is less
(c) both resistance and inductance carry equal currents
Ans: c
106. In a pure inductive circuit if the supply frequency is reduced to 1/2, the current
will
(a) be reduced by half
(b) be doubled
(c) be four times as high
(d) be reduced to one fourth
Ans: b
107. In a pure capacitive circuit if the supply frequency is reduced to 1/2, the current
will
(a) be reduced by half
(b) be doubled
(c) be four times at high
(d) be reduced to one fourth
Ans: a
108. When an alternating current passes through an ohmic resistance the electrical
power converted into heat is
(a) apparent power
(b) true power
(c) reactive power
Ans: b
109. In each of the three coils of a three phase generator, an alternating voltage having
an r.m.s. value of 220 V is induced. Which of the following values is indicated by the
voltmeters ?
(a) 220 V
(b) 220V3V
(c) 220/V3 V
Ans: a
Transformers
1. Which of the following does not change in a transformer ?
(a) Current
(b) Voltage
(c) Frequency
Ans: c
2. In a transformer the energy is conveyed from primary to secondary

(a) through cooling coil
(b) through air
(c) by the flux
Ans: c
3. A transformer core is laminated to

(a) reduce hysteresis loss
(b) reduce eddy current losses
(c) reduce copper losses
(d) reduce all above losses
Ans: b
4. The degree of mechanical vibrations produced by the laminations of a transformer

depends on
(a) tightness of clamping
(b) gauge of laminations
(c) size of laminations
(d) all of the above
Ans: d
5. The no-load current drawn by transformer is usually what per cent of the full-load
current ?
(a) 0.2 to 0.5 per cent
(b) 2 to 5 per cent
(c) 12 to 15 per cent
(d) 20 to 30 per cent
Ans: b
6. The path of a magnetic flux in a transformer should have

(a) high resistance
(b) high reluctance
(c) low resistance
(d) low reluctance
Ans: d
7. No-load on a transformer is carried out to determine

(a) copper loss
(b) magnetising current
(c) magnetising current and loss
(d) efficiency of the transformer
Ans: c
8. The dielectric strength of transformer oil is expected to be

(a) lkV
(b) 33 kV
(c) 100 kV
(d) 330 kV
Ans: b
9. Sumpner's test is conducted on trans-formers to determine

(a) temperature
(b) stray losses
(c) all-day efficiency
Ans: a
10. The permissible flux density in case of cold rolled grain oriented steel is around
(a) 1.7 Wb/m2
(b) 2.7 Wb/m2
(c) 3.7 Wb/m2
(d) 4.7 Wb/m2
Ans: a
11. The efficiency of a transformer will be maximum when

(a) copper losses = hysteresis losses
(b) hysteresis losses = eddy current losses
(c) eddy current losses = copper losses
(d) copper losses = iron losses
Ans: d
12. No-load current in a transformer

(a) lags behind the voltage by about 75
(b) leads the voltage by about 75
(c) lags behind the voltage by about 15
(d) leads the voltage by about 15
Ans: a
13. The purpose of providing an iron core in a transformer is to

(a) provide support to windings
(b) reduce hysteresis loss
(c) decrease the reluctance of the magnetic path
(d) reduce eddy current losses
Ans: c
14. Which of the following is not a part of transformer installation ?

(a) Conservator
(b) Breather
(c) Buchholz relay
(d) Exciter
Ans: d
15. While conducting short-circuit test on a transformer the following side is short
circuited
(a) High voltage side
(b) Low voltage side
(c) Primary side
(d) Secondary side
Ans: b
16. In the transformer following winding has got more cross-sectional area
(a) Low voltage winding
(b) High voltage winding
(c) Primary winding
(d) Secondary winding
Ans: a
17. A transformer transforms

(a) voltage
(b) current
(c) power
(d) frequency
Ans: c
18. A transformer cannot raise or lower the voltage of a D.C. supply because
(a) there is no need to change the D.C. voltage
(b) a D.C. circuit has more losses
(c) Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction are not valid since the rate of change
of flux is zero
Ans: c
19. Primary winding of a transformer

(a) is always a low voltage winding
(b) is always a high voltage winding
(c) could either be a low voltage or high voltage winding
Ans: c
20. Which winding in a transformer has more number of turns ?

(a) Low voltage winding
(b) High voltage winding
(c) Primary winding
Ans: b
21. Efficiency of a power transformer is of the order of

(a) 100 per cent
(b) 98 per cent
(c) 50 per cent
(d) 25 per cent
Ans: b
22. In a given transformer for given applied voltage, losses which remain constant
irrespective of load changes are
(a) friction and windage losses
(b) copper losses
(c) hysteresis and eddy current losses
Ans: c
23. A common method of cooling a power transformer is

(a) natural air cooling
(b) air blast cooling
(c) oil cooling
(d) any of the above
Ans: c
24. The no load current in a transformer lags behind the applied voltage by an angle of
about
(a) 180
(b) 120"
(c) 90
(d) 75
Ans: d
25. In a transformer routine efficiency depends upon

(a) supply frequency
(b) load current
(c) power factor of load
Ans: d
26. In the transformer the function of a conservator is to

(a) provide fresh air for cooling the transformer
(b) supply cooling oil to transformer in time of need
(c) protect the transformer from damage when oil expends due to heating
Ans: c
27. Natural oil cooling is used for transformers up to a rating of

(a) 3000 kVA
(b) 1000 kVA
(c) 500 kVA
(d) 250 kVA
Ans: a
28. Power transformers are designed to have maximum efficiency at

(a) nearly full load
(b) 70% full load
(c) 50% full load
(d) no load
Ans: a
29. The maximum efficiency of a distribution transformer is

(a) at no load
(b) at 50% full load
(c) at 80% full load
(d) at full load
Ans: b
30. Transformer breaths in when
(a) load on it increases
(b) load on it decreases
(c) load remains constant
Ans: b
31. No-load current of a transformer has

(a) has high magnitude and low power factor
(b) has high magnitude and high power factor
(c) has small magnitude and high power factor
(d) has small magnitude and low power factor
Ans: d
32. Spacers are provided between adjacent coils

(a) to provide free passage to the cooling oil
(b) to insulate the coils from each other
Ans: a
33. Greater the secondary leakage flux

(a) less will be the secondary induced e.m.f.
(b) less will be the primary induced e.m.f.
(c) less will be the primary terminal voltage
Ans: a
34. The purpose of providing iron core in a step-up transformer is

(a) to provide coupling between primary and secondary
(b) to increase the magnitude of mutual flux
(c) to decrease the magnitude of mag-netizing current
(d) to provide all above features
Ans: c
35. The power transformer is a constant

(a) voltage device
(b) current device
(c) power device
(d) main flux device
Ans: d
36. Two transformers operating in parallel will share the load depending upon their
(a) leakage reactance
(b) per unit impedance
(c) efficiencies
(d) ratings
Ans: b
37. If R2 is the resistance of secondary winding of the transformer and K is the

transformation ratio then the equivalent secondary resistance referred to primary
will be
(a) R2/VK
(b) R2IK2
(c) R22!K2
(d) R22/K
Ans: b
38. What will happen if the transformers working in parallel are not connected with
regard to polarity ?
(a) The power factor of the two trans-formers will be different from the power factor
of common load
(b) Incorrect polarity will result in dead short circuit
(c) The transformers will not share load in proportion to their kVA ratings
Ans: b
39. If the percentage impedances of the two transformers working in parallel are
different, then
(a) transformers will be overheated
(b) power factors of both the transformers will be same
(c) parallel operation will be not possible
(d) parallel operation will still be possible, but the power factors at which the two
transformers operate will be different from the power factor of the common load
Ans: d
40. In a transformer the tappings are generally provided on

(a) primary side
(b) secondary side
(c) low voltage side
(d) high voltage side
Ans: c
41. The use of higher flux density in the transformer design

(a) reduces weight per kVA
(6) reduces iron losses
(c) reduces copper losses
(d) increases part load efficiency
Ans: a
42. The chemical used in breather for transformer should have the quality of
(a) ionizing air
(b) absorbing moisture
(c) cleansing the transformer oil
(d) cooling the transformer oil.
Ans: b
43. The chemical used in breather is

(a) asbestos fiber
(b) silica sand
(c) sodium chloride
(d) silica gel
Ans: d
44. An ideal transformer has infinite values of primary and secondary inductances.
The statement is
(a) true
(b) false
Ans: b
45. The transformer ratings are usually expressed in terms of

(a) volts
(b) amperes
(c) kW
(d) kVA
Ans: d
46. The noise resulting from vibrations of laminations set by magnetic forces, is
termed as
(a) magnetostrication
(b) boo
(c) hum
(d) zoom
Ans: c
47. Hysteresis loss in a transformer varies as CBmax = maximum flux density)

(a) Bmax
(b) Bmax1-6
(C) Bmax1-83
(d) B max
Ans: b
48. Material used for construction of transformer core is usually

(a) wood
(b) copper
(c) aluminium
(d) silicon steel
Ans: d
49. The thickness of laminations used in a transformer is usually

(a) 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm
(b) 4 mm to 5 mm
(c) 14 mm to 15 mm
(d) 25 mm to 40 mm
Ans: a
50. The function of conservator in a transformer is

(a) to project against'internal fault
(b) to reduce copper as well as core losses
(c) to cool the transformer oil
(d) to take care of the expansion and contraction of transformer oil due to variation of
temperature of sur-roundings
Ans: d
51. The highest voltage for transmitting electrical power in India is

(a) 33 kV.
(6) 66 kV
(c) 132 kV
(d) 400 kV
Ans: d
52. In a transformer the resistance between its primary and secondary is

(a) zero
(b) 1 ohm
(c) 1000 ohms
(d) infinite
Ans: d
53. A transformer oil must be free from

(a) sludge
(b) odour
(c) gases
(d) moisture
Ans: d
54. A Buchholz relay can be installed on

(a) auto-transformers
(b) air-cooled transformers
(c) welding transformers
(d) oil cooled transformers
Ans: d
55. Gas is usually not liberated due to dissociation of transformer oil unless the oil
temperature exceeds
(a) 50C
(b) 80C
(c) 100C
(d) 150C
Ans: d
56. The main reason for generation of harmonics in a transformer could be

(a) fluctuating load
(b) poor insulation
(c) mechanical vibrations
(d) saturation of core
Ans: d
57. Distribution transformers are generally designed for maximum efficiency around
(a) 90% load
(b) zero load
(c) 25% load
(d) 50% load
Ans: d
58. Which of the following property is not necessarily desirable in the material for
transformer core ?
(a) Mechanical strength
(6) Low hysteresis loss
(c) High thermal conductivity
(d) High permeability
Ans: c
59. Star/star transformers work satisfactorily when

(a) load is unbalanced only
(b) load is balanced only
(c) on balanced as well as unbalanced loads
Ans: b
60. Delta/star transformer works satisfactorily when

(a) load is balanced only
(b) load is unbalanced only
(c) on balanced as well as unbalanced loads
Ans: c
61. Buchholz's relay gives warning and protection against

(a) electrical fault inside the transformer itself
(b) electrical fault outside the transformer in outgoing feeder
(c) for both outside and inside faults
Ans: a
62. The magnetising current of a transformer is usually small because it has

(a) small air gap
(b) large leakage flux
(c) laminated silicon steel core
(d) fewer rotating parts
Ans: a
63. Which of the following does not change in an ordinary transformer ?

(a) Frequency
(b) Voltage
(c) Current
(d) Any of the above
Ans: a
64. Which of the following properties is not necessarily desirable for the material for
transformer core ?
(a) Low hysteresis loss
(b) High permeability
(c) High thermal conductivity
(d) Adequate mechanical strength
Ans: c
65. The leakage flux in a transformer depends upon

(a) load current
(b) load current and voltage
(c) load current, voltage and frequency
(d) load current, voltage, frequency and power factor
Ans: a
66. The path of the magnetic flux in transformer should have

(a) high reluctance
(b) low reactance
(c) high resistance
(d) low resistance
Ans: b
67. Noise level test in a transformer is a

(a) special test
(b) routine test
(c) type test
Ans: c
68. Which of the following is not a routine test on transformers ?
(a) Core insulation voltage test
(b) Impedance test
(c) Radio interference test
(d) Polarity test
Ans: c
69. A transformer can have zero voltage regulation at

(a) leading power factor
(b) lagging power factor
(c) unity power factor
(d) zero power factor
Ans: a
70. Helical coils can be used on

(a) low voltage side of high kVA transformers
(b) high frequency transformers
(c) high voltage side of small capacity transformers
(d) high voltage side of high kVA rating transformers
Ans: a
71. Harmonics in transformer result in

(a) increased core losses
(b) increased I2R losses
(c) magnetic interference with communication circuits
Ans: d
72. The core used in high frequency transformer is usually

(a) copper core
(b) cost iron core
(c) air core
(d) mild steel core
Ans: c
73. The full-load copper loss of a transformer is 1600 W. At half-load, the copper loss
will be
(a) 6400 W
(b) 1600 W
(c) 800 W
(d) 400 W
Ans: d
1.74. The value of flux involved m the e.m.f. equation of a transformer is

(a) average value
(b) r.m.s. value
(c) maximum value
(d) instantaneous value
Ans: c
L.75. Silicon steel used in laminations mainly reduces

(a) hysteresis loss
(b) eddy current losses
(c) copper losses
Ans: a
76. Which winding of the transformer has less cross-sectional area ?

(a) Primary winding
(b) Secondary winding
(c) Low voltage winding
(d) High voltage winding
Ans: d
77. Power transformers are generally designed to have maximum efficiency around
(a) no-load
(b) half-load
(c) near full-load
(d) 10% overload
Ans: c
.78. Which of the following is the main advantage of an auto-transformer over a two
winding transformer ?
(a) Hysteresis losses are reduced
(b) Saving in winding material
(c) Copper losses are negligible
(d) Eddy losses are totally eliminated
Ans: b
79. During short circuit test iron losses are negligible because
(a) the current on secondary side is negligible
(b) the voltage on secondary side does not vary
(c) the voltage applied on primary side is low
(d) full-load current is not supplied to the transformer
Ans: c
80. Two transformers are connected in parallel. These transformers do not have equal
percentage impedance. This is likely to result in
(a) short-circuiting of the secondaries
(b) power factor of one of the transformers is leading while that of the other lagging
(c) transformers having higher copper losses will have negligible core losses
(d) loading of the transformers not in proportion to their kVA ratings
Ans: d
81. The changes in volume of transformer cooling oil due to variation of atmospheric
temperature during day and
night is taken care of by which part of transformer
(a) Conservator
(b) Breather
(c) Bushings
(d) Buchholz relay
Ans: a
82. An ideal transformer is one which has

(a) no losses and magnetic leakage
(b) interleaved primary and secondary windings
(c) a common core for its primary and secondary windings
(d) core of stainless steel and winding of pure copper metal
Ans: a
83. When a given transformer is run at its rated voltage but reduced frequency, its
(a) flux density remains unaffected
(b) iron losses are reduced
(c) core flux density is reduced
(d) core flux density is increased
Ans: d
84. In an actual transformer the iron loss remains practically constant from noload to
fullload because
(a) value of transformation ratio remains constant
(b) permeability of transformer core remains constant
(c) core flux remains practically constant
(d) primary voltage remains constant
(c) secondary voltage remains constant
Ans: c
85. An ideal transformer will have maximum efficiency at a load such that
(a) copper loss = iron loss
(b) copper loss < iron loss
(c) copper loss > iron loss
Ans: a
86. If the supply frequency to the transformer is increased,"the iron loss will
(a) not change
(b) decrease
(c) increase
Ans: c
87. Negative voltage regulation is indicative that the load is

(a) capacitive only
(b) inductive only
(c) inductive or resistive
Ans: a
88. Iron loss of a transformer can be measured by

(a) low power factor wattmeter
(b) unity power factor wattmeter
(c) frequency meter
(d) any type of wattmeter
Ans: a
89. When secondary of a current transformer is open-circuited its iron core will be
(a) hot because of heavy iron losses taking place in it due to high flux density
(b) hot because primary will carry heavy current
(c) cool as there is no secondary current
(d) none of above will happen
Ans: a
90. The transformer laminations are insulated from each other by

(a) mica strip
(6) thin coat of varnish
(c) paper
Ans: b
91. Which type of winding is used in 3phase shell-type transformer ?

(a) Circular type
(b) Sandwich type
(c) Cylindrical type
(d) Rectangular type
Ans: b
92. During open circuit test of a transformer

(a) primary is supplied rated voltage
(b) primary is supplied full-load current
(c) primary is supplied current at reduced voltage
(d) primary is supplied rated kVA
Ans: a
93. Open circuit test on transformers is conducted to determine
(a) hysteresis losses
(b) copper losses
(c) core losses
(d) eddy current losses
Ans: c
94. Short circuit test on transformers is conducted to determine

(b) copper losses
(c) core losses
(d) eddy current losses
Ans: b
95. For the parallel operation of single phase transformers it is necessary that they
should have
(a) same efficiency
(b) same polarity
(c) same kVA rating
(d) same number of turns on the secondary side.
Ans: b
96. The transformer oil should have _____ volatility and _____ viscosity.
(a) low,low
(b) high,high
(c) low,high
(d) high,low
Ans: a
97. The function of breather in a transformer is

(a) to provide oxygen inside the tank
(b) to cool the coils during reduced load
(c) to cool the transformer oil
(d) to arrest flow of moisture when outside air enters the transformer
Ans: d
98. The secondary winding of which of the following transformers is always kept
closed ?
(a) Step-up transformer
(b) Step-down transformer
(c) Potential transformer
(d) Current transformer
Ans: d
99. The size of a transformer core will depend on

(a) frequency
(b) area of the core
(c) flux density of the core material
(d) (a) and (b) both
Ans: d
100. N atural air coo ling is generally restricted for transformers up to

(a) 1.5 MVA
(b) 5 MVA
(c) 15 MVA
(d) 50 MVA
Ans: a
101. A shell-type transformer has

(a) high eddy current losses
(b) reduced magnetic leakage
(c) negligibly hysteresis losses
Ans: b
102. A transformer can have regulation closer to zero

(a) on full-load
(b) on overload
(c) on leading power factor
(d) on zero power factor
Ans: c
103. A transformer transforms

(a) voltage
(b) current
(c) current and voltage
(d) power
Ans: d
104. Which of the following is not the standard voltage for power supply in India ?
(a) llkV
(b) 33kV
(c) 66 kV
(d) 122 kV
Ans: d
105. Reduction in core losses and increase in permeability are obtained with
transformer employing
(a) core built-up of laminations of cold rolled grain oriented steel
(b) core built-up of laminations of hot rolled sheet
(c) either of the above
Ans: a
106. In a power or distribution transformer about 10 per cent end turns are heavily
insulated
(a) to withstand the high voltage drop due to line surge produced by the shunting
capacitance of the end turns
(b) to absorb the line surge voltage and save the winding of transformer from damage
(c) to reflect the line surge and save the winding of a transformer from damage
Ans: a
107. For given applied voltage, with the increase in frequency of the applied voltage
(a) eddy current loss will decrease
(b) eddy current loss will increase
(c) eddy current loss will remain unchanged
Ans: c
108. Losses which occur in rotating electric machines and do not occur in trans
formers are
(a) friction and windage losses
(b) magnetic losses
(c) hysteresis and eddy current losses
(d) copper losses
Ans: a
109. In a given transformer for a given applied voltage, losses which remain constant
irrespective of load changes are
(a) hysteresis and eddy current losses
(b) friction and windage losses
(c) copper losses
Ans: a
110. Which of the following statements regarding an idel single-phase transformer

having a turn ratio of 1 : 2 and
drawing a current of 10 A from 200 V A.C. supply is incorrect ?
(a) Its secondary current is 5 A
(b) Its secondary voltage is 400 V
(c) Its rating is 2 kVA
(d) Its secondary current is 20 A
(e) It is a step-up transformer
Ans: d
111. The secondary of a current transformer is always short-circuited under operating

conditions because it
(a) avoids core saturation and high voltage induction
(b) is safe to human beings
(c) protects the primary circuit
Ans: a
112. In a transformer the resistance between its primary and secondary should be
(a) zero
(b) 10 Q
(c) 1000 Q
(d) infinity
Ans: d
113. A good voltage regulation of a transformer means

(a) output voltage fluctuation from no load to full load is least
(b) output voltage fluctuation with power factor is least
(c) difference between primary and secondary voltage is least
(d) difference between primary and secondary voltage is maximum
Ans: a
114. For a transformer, operating at constant load current, maximum efficiency will
occur at
(a) 0.8 leading power factor
(b) 0.8 lagging power factor
(c) zero power factor
(d) unity power factor
Ans: d
115. Which of the following protection is normally not provided on small distribution
transformers ?
(a) Overfluxing protection
(b) Buchholz relay
(c) Overcurrent protection
Ans: b
116. Which of the following acts as a protection against high voltage surges due to
lightning and switching ?
(a) Horn gaps
(b) Thermal overload relays
(c) Breather
(d) Conservator
Ans: a
117. The efficiency of two identical transformers under load conditions can be
determined by
(a) short-circuit test
(b) back-to-back test
(c) open circuit test
Ans: b
118. Which of the following insulating materials can withstand the highest
temperature safely ?
(a) Cellulose
(b) Asbestos
(c) Mica
(d) Glass fibre
Ans: c
119. Which of the following parts of a transformer is visible from outside ?

(a) Bushings
(b) Core
(c) Primary winding
Ans: a
120. The noise produced by a transformer is termed as

(a) zoom
(b) hum
(c) ringing
(d) buzz
Ans: b
121. Which of the following loss in a transformer is zero even at full load ?
(a) Core loss
(b) Friction loss
(c) Eddy current loss
(d) Hysteresis loss
Ans: b
122. Which of the following is the most likely source of harmonics in a transformer ?
(a) poor insulation
(b) Overload
(c) loose connections
(d) Core saturation
Ans: d
123. If a transformer is continuously operated the maximum temperature rise will

occur in
(a) core
(b) windings
(c) tank
Ans: b
124. The hum in a transformer is mainly attributed to

(a) load changes
(b) oil in the transformer
(c) magnetostriction
(d) mechanical vibrations
Ans: c
125. The maximum load that a power transformer can carry is limited by its
(a) temperature rise
(b) dielectric strength of oil
(c) voltage ratio
(d) copper loss
Ans: c
126. The efficiency of a transformer, under heavy loads, is comparatively low because
(a) copper loss becomes high in proportion to the output
(b) iron loss is increased considerably
(c) voltage drop both in primary and secondary becomes large
(d) secondary output is much less as compared to primary input
Ans: a
127. An open-circuit test on a transformer is conducted primarily to measure

(a) insulation resistance
(b) copper loss
(c) core loss
(d) total loss
(e) efficiency
(f) none of the above
Ans: c
128. A no-load test is performed on a transformer to determine

(a) core loss
(b) copper loss
(c) efficiency
(d) magnetising current
(e) magnetising current and loss
Ans: e
129. The voltage transformation ratio of a transformer is equal to the ratio of

(a) primary turns to secondary turns
(b) secondary current to primary current
(c) secondary induced e.m.f. to primary induced e.m.f.
(d) secondary terminal voltage to primary applied voltage
Ans: c
130. Part of the transformer which is most subject to damage from overheating is
(a) iron core
(b) copper winding
(c) winding insulation
(d) frame or case
(e) transformer tank
Ans: c
131. If a transformer is switched on to a voltage more than the rated voltage

(a) its power factor will deteriorate
(b) its power factor will increase
(c) its power factor will remain unaffected
(d) its power factor will be zero
Ans: a
132. Auto-transformer makes effective saving on copper and copper losses, when its
transformation ratio is
(a) approximately equal to one
(b) less than one
(c) great than one
Ans: a
133. Minimum voltage regulation occurs when the power factor of the load is
(a) unity
(b) lagging
(c) leading
(d) zero
Ans: c
134. In a step-down transformer, there is a change of 15 A in the load current. This

results in change of supply current of
(a) less than 15 A
(b) more than 15 A
(c) 15 A
Ans: a
135. The efficiencies of transformers compared with that of electric motors of the
same power are
(a) about the same
(6) much smaller
(c) much higher
(d) somewhat smaller
Ans: c
Synchronous Motors
1. Synchronous motors are generally not self-starting because

(a) the direction of rotation is not fixed
(b) the direction of instantaneous torque reverses after half cycle
(c) startes cannot be used on these machines
(d) starting winding is not provided on the machines
Ans: b
2. In case one phase of a three-phase synchronous motor is short-circuited the motor

will
(a) not start
(b) run at 2/3 of synchronous speed
(c) run with excessive vibrations
(d) take less than the rated load
Ans: a
3. A pony motor is basically a

(a) small induction motor
(b) D.C. series motor
(c) D.C. shunt motor
(d) double winding A.C./D.C. motor
Ans: a
4. A synchronous motor can develop synchronous torque

(a) when under loaded
(b) while over-excited
(c) only at synchronous speed
(d) below or above synchronous speed
Ans: c
5. A synchronous motor can be started by

(a) pony motor
(b) D.C. compound motor
(c) providing damper winding
Ans: d
6. A three-phase synchronous motor will have
(a) no slip-rings
(b) one slip-ring
(c) two slip-rings
(d) three slip-rings
Ans: c
7. Under which of the following conditions hunting of synchronous motor is likely to

occur ?
(a) Periodic variation of load
(b) Over-excitation
(c) Over-loading for long periods
(d) Small and constant load
Ans: a
8. When the excitation of an unloaded salient pole synchronous motor suddenly gets
disconnected
(a) the motor stops
(b) it runs as a reluctance motor at the same speed
(c) it runs as a reluctance motor at a lower speed
Ans: a
9. When V is the applied voltage, then the breakdown torque of a synchronous motor
varies as
(a) V
(b) V312
(c) V2
(d) 1/V
Ans: a
10. The power developed by a synchronous motor will be maximum when the load
angle is
(a) zero
(b) 45
(c) 90
(d) 120
Ans: c
11. A synchronous motor can be used as a synchronous capacitor when it is

(a) under-loaded
(b) over-loaded
(c) under-excited
(d) over-excited
Ans: d
12. A synchronous motor is running on a load with normal excitation. Now if the load
on the motor is increased
(a) power factor as well as armature current will decrease
(b) power factor as well as armature current will increase
(c) power factor will increase but armature current will decrease
(d) power factor will decrease and armature current will increase
Ans: d
13. Mostly, synchronous motors are of

(a) alternator type machines
(6) induction type machines
(c) salient pole type machines
(d) smooth cylindrical type machines
Ans: c
14. The synchronous motor is not inherently self-starting because

(a) the force required to accelerate the rotor to the synchronous speed in an instant is
absent
(b) the starting device to accelerate the rotor to near synchronous speed is absent
(c) a rotating magnetic field does not have enough poles
(d) the rotating magnetic field is produced by only 50 Hz frequency currents
Ans: a
15. As the load is applied to a synchronous motor, the motor takes more armature
current because
(a) the increased load has to take more current
(b) the rotor by shifting its phase backward causes motor to take more current
(c) the back e.m.f. decreases causing an increase in motor current
(d) the rotor strengthens the rotating field casuing more motor current
Ans: b
16. Synchronous motor always runs at

(a) the synchronous speed
(b) less than synchronous speed
(c) more than synchronous speed
Ans: a
17. An over-excited synchronous motor takes

(a) leading current
(b) lagging current
Ans: a
18. The working of a synchronous motor is similar to

(a) gear train arrangement
(b) transmission of mechancial power by shaft
(c) distribution transformer
(d) turbine
Ans: b
19. The minimum armature current of the synchronous motor corresponds to

operation at
(a) zero power factor leading
(b) unity power factor
(c) 0.707 power factor lagging
(d) 0.707 power factor leading
Ans: b
20. In a synchronous motor, the magnitude of stator back e.m.f. & depends on
(a) d.c. excitation only
(b) speed of the motor
(c) load on the motor
(d) both the speed and rotor flux
Ans: a
21. If load (or torque) angle of a 4-pole synchronous motor is 6 electrical, its value in
mechanical degrees is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 6
Ans: b
22. For V-curves for a synchronous motor the graph is drawn between
(a) field current and armature current
(b) terminal voltage and load factor
(c) power factor and field current
(d) armature current and power factor
Ans: a
23. The back e.m.f. of a synchronous motor depends on

(a) speed
(b) load
(c) load angle
Ans: c
24. A synchronous motor can operate at

(a) lagging power factor only
(6) leading power factor only
(c) unity power factor only
(d) lagging, leading and unity power factors
Ans: d
25. In a synchronous motor which loss varies with load ?

(a) Windage loss
(b) Bearing friction loss
(c) Copper loss
(d) Core loss
Ans: c
26. A synchronous motor can be made self starting by providing

(a) damper winding on rotor poles
(b) damper winding on stator
(c) damper winding on stator as well as rotor poles
Ans: d
27. The oscillations in a synchronous motor can be damped out by

(a) maintaining constant excitation
(b) running the motor on leading power factors
(c) providing damper bars in the rotor pole faces
(d) oscillations cannot be damped
Ans: c
28. The shaft of synchronous motor is made of

(a) mild steel
(b) chrome steel
(c) alnico
(d) stainless steel
Ans: a
29. When the field of a synchronous motor is under-excited, the power factor will be
(a) leading
(b) lagging
(c) unity
(d) zero
Ans: b
30. The speed regulation of a synchronous motor is always

(a) 1%
(b) 0.5%
(c) positive
(d) zero
Ans: d
31. The percentage slip in case of a synchronous motor is
(a) 1%
(b) 100%
(c) 0.5%
(d) zero
Ans: d
32. The operating speed of a synchronous motor can be changed to new fixed value by
(a) changing the load
(b) changing the supply voltage
(c) changing frequency
(d) using brakes
Ans: c
33. A synchronous motor will always stop when

(a) supply voltage fluctuates
(b) load in motor varies
(c) excitation winding gets disconnected
(d) supply voltage frequency changes9885859805
Ans: c
34. riunting in a synchronous motor takes place

(a) when supply voltage fluctuates
(b) when load varies
(c) when power factor is unity
(d) motor is under loaded
Ans: b
35. When load on an over-excited or under excited synchronous*motor is increased,

rate of change of its armature current as compared with that of power factor is
(a) more
(b) less
(c) equal
(d) twice
Ans: b
36. The rotor copper losses, in a synchronous motor, are met by

(a) d.c. source
(b) armature input
(c) motor input
(d) supply lines
Ans: a
37. The maximum power developed in a synchronous motor occurs at a coupling

angle of
(a) 30
(b) 60
(c) 90
(d) 180
Ans: c
38. When the stator windings are connected in such a fashion that the number of poles
are made half, the speed of the rotor of a synchronous motor
(a) remains same as the original value
(b) decreases to half the original value
(c) tends to becomes zero
(d) increases to two times the original value
Ans: d
39. In which of the following motors the stator and rotor magnetic field rotate at the
same speed ?
(a) Universal motor
(b) Synchronous motor
(c) Induction motor
(d) Reluctance motor
Ans: b
40. Synchronsizingpower of a synchronous machine is

(a) direcly proportional to the synchronous reactance
(6) inversely proportional to the synchronous reactance
(a) equal to the synchronous reactance
Ans: b
41. Synchronous motors are

(a) not-self starting
(b) self-starting
(c) essentially self-starting
Ans: a
42. The standard full-load power factor ratings for synchronous motors are
(a) zero or 0.8 leading
(b) unity or 0.8 lagging
(c) unity or 0.8 leading
(d) unity or zero
Ans: c
43. A synchronous motor running with normal excitation adjusts to load increases
essentially by increase in
(a) back e.m.f.
(b) armature current
(c) power factor
(d) torque angle
Ans: b
44. A synchronous motor has better power factor as compared to that of an equivalent
induction motor. This is mainly because
(a) synchronous motor has no slip
(b) stator supply is not required to produce magnetic field
(c) mechanical load on the rotor remains constant
(d) synchronous motor has large airgap
Ans: b
45. A synchronous motor working at leading power factor can be used as

(a) voltage booster
(b) phase advancer
(c) noise generator
(d) mechanical synchronizer
Ans: b
46. Slip rings are usually made of

(a) carbon or graphite
(b) brass or steel
(c) silver or gold
(d) copper or aluminium
Ans: b
47. An over excited synchronous motor is used for

(a) fluctuating loads
(b) variable speed loads
(c) low torque loads
(d) power factor corrections
Ans: d
48. When the voltage applied to a synchronous motor is increased, which of the
following will reduce ?
(a) Stator flux
(b) Pull in torque
(c) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: d
51. The efficiency of a properly designed synchronous motor will usually fall in range
(a) 60 to 70%
(6) 75 to 80%
(c) 85 to 95%
(d) 99 to 99.5%
Ans: c
52. To limit the operating temperature an electrical machine should have proper
(a) voltage rating
(b) current rating
(c) power factor
(d) speed
Ans: b
53. Slip-rings in a synchronous motor carry

(a) direct current
(b) alternating current
(c) no current
Ans: a
54. A synchronous machine with large air gap has

(a) a higher value of stability limit
(6) a small value of inherent regulation
(c) a higher synchronizing power which makes the machine less sensitive to load
variations
Ans: d
55. The armature current of the synchronous motor has higher values for
(a) high excitation only
(b) low excitation only
Ans: c
56. In a synchronous motor running with fixed excitation, when the load is increased
three times, its torque angle becomes approximately
(a) one-third
(b) twice
(c) thrice
(d) six times
(e) nine times
Ans: c
57. The angle between the rotating stator flux and rotor poles is called _____ angle.
(a) torque
(b) obtuse
(c) synchronizing
(d) power factor
Ans: a
58. Which of the following methods is used to start a synchronous motor ?

(a) Damper winding
(b) Star-delta starter
(c) Damper winding in conjunction with star-delta starter
(d) Resistance starter in the armature circuit
Ans: c
59. When the rotor speed, in a synchronous machine, becomes more than the
synchronous speed during hunting, the damper bars develop
(a) inductor motor torque
(b) induction generator torque
(c) synchronous motor torque
(d) d.c. motor toque
Ans: b
60. An important advantage of a synchronous motor over wound round induction

motor is that
(a) its power factor may be varied at will
(b) its speed is independent of supply frequency
(c) its speed may be controlled more easily
Ans: a
61. The mechanical displacement of the rotor with respect to the stator, in polyphase
multipolar synchronous motors running at full load, is of the order of
(a) zero degree
(b) two degrees
(c) five degrees
(d) ten degrees
Ans: c
62. Power factor of a synchronous motor is unity when

(a) the armature current is maximum
(b) the armature current is minimum
(c) the armature current is zero
Ans: b
63. Change of D.C. excitation of a synchronous motor changes

(a) applied voltage of the motor
(b) motor speed
(c) power factor of power drawn by the motor
(e) all of the above
Ans: c
64. While starting a synchronous motor by induction motor action, field winding is
usually
(a) connected to D.C. supply
(b) short-circuited by low resistance
(c) kept open-circuited
Ans: b
65. Which of the following motors will be used in electric clocks ?

(a) D.C. shunt motor
(c) A.C. induction motor
(d) A.C. synchronous motor
Ans: d
66. If in a synchronous motor, driving mechanical load and drawing current at lagging
power factor from constant voltage supply, its field excitation is increased, then its
power factor
(a) become more
(b) become less
(c) remain constant
Ans: b
67. A synchronous motor installed at the receiving end substation operates with such
an excitation that it takes power at lagging power factor. Now if the applied voltage of
the synchronous motor goes down, the power factor of the synchronous motor will
(a) remain same
(b) go down
(c) improve
Ans: c
68. While starting a salient pole synchronous motor by induction motor action and
connecting field discharge resistance across field, starting and accelerting torque is
produced by
(a) induction motor torque in field winding
(b) induction motor torque in damper winding
(c) eddy current and hysteresis torque in pole faces
(d) reHetance motor torque due to saliency of the rotor
(e) all of the above methods
Ans: e
69. Armature of a synchronous machine is
(a) of reducing number of slip rings on the rotor
(b) armature is associated with large power as compared to the field circuits
(c) of difficulty of providing high voltage insulation on rotor
(d) all of the above reasons
Ans: d
70. If excitation of a synchronous motor running with a constant load is decreased

from its normal value, ignoring effects of armature reaction, it leads to
(a) increase in both armature current and power factor angle
(b) increase in back e.m.f. but decrease in armature current
(c) increase in both armature current and power factor which is lagging
(d) increase in torque angle but decrease in back e.m.f.
Ans: a
71. When a 3-phase synchronous generator is supplying a zero power factor lagging
load, the armature field affects the main field in the following way
(a) augments it directly
(b) directly opposes it
(c) cross-magnetises it
Ans: b
72. Stability of a synchronous machine

(a) decreases with increase in its excitation
(b) increases with increase in its excitation
(c) remains unaffected with increase in excitation
Ans: b
73. The power factor of a synchronous motor is better than that of induction motor
because
(a) stator supply is relieved of responsibility of producing magnetic field
(b) mechanical load on the motor can be adjusted
(c) synchronous motor runs at synchronous speed
(d) synchronous motor has large air gap
Ans: a
74. If in a synchronous motor, driving a given mechanical load and drawing current at
a leading power factor from constant voltage supply its field excitation is increased, its
power factor
(a) will become more
(b) will become less
(c) will remain unchanged
(d) none of the above.
Ans: b
75. A synchronous motor is running with normal excitation. When the load is
increased, the armature current drawn by it increases because
(a) speed of the motor is reduced
(b) power factor is decreased
(c) Eb (back e.m.f.) becomes less than V (applied voltage)
(d) Er (net resultant voltage) in armature is increased
Ans: d
76. If one-phase of a 3-phase synchronous motor is short-circuited, motor

(a) will refuse to start
(b) will overheat in spots
(c) will not come upto speed
(d) will fail to pull into step
Ans: a
77. If the field circuit of an unloaded salientpole synchronous motor gets suddenly
open-circuited, then
(a) it runs at a slower speed
(b) the motor stops
(c) it continues to run at the same speed
(d) it runs at a very high speed
Ans: b
78. In which of the following motors the stator and rotor fields rotate simultaneously ?
(a) D.C. motor
(b) Reluctance motor
(c) Universal motor
(d) Synchronous motor
(e) Induction motor
Ans: d
79. The speed of a synchronous motor

(a) increases as the load increases
(b) decreases as the load decreases
(c) always remains constant
Ans: c
80. A rotory converter can also be run as a

(a) d.c. shunt motor
(b) d.c. series motor
(c) d.c. compound motor
(d) induction motor
(e) synchronous motor
Ans: e
81. The maximum speed variation in a 3-phase synchronous motor is

(a) 10 per cent
(b) 6 per cent
(c) 4 per cent
(d) 2. per cent
(e) zero
Ans: e
82. Which of the following resistances can be measured by conducting insulation

resistance test on a synchronous motor ?
(a) Phase to phase winding resistance
(b) Stator winding to earthed frame
(c) Rotor winding to earthed shaft
Ans: d
83. Due to which of the following reasons a synchronous motor fails to pull into
synchronism after applying D.C. field current ?
(a) High field current
(b) Low short circuit ratio
(c) High core losses
(d) Low field current
Ans: d
16.84. In a synchronous motor, the maximum power developed depends on all of the
following except
(a) rotor excitation
(b) maximum value of coupling angle
(c) direction of rotation
(d) supply voltage
Ans: c
85. In a 3-phase synchronous motor, the negative phase sequence exists when the
motor is
(a) supplied with unbalanced voltage
(b) under-loaded
(c) over-loaded
Ans: a
86. In a synchronous motor, damper windings are provided on

(a) stator frame
(b) rotor shaft
(c) pole faces
Ans: c
87. The induced e.m.f. in a synchronous motor working on leading power factor will
be
(a) more than the supply voltage
(b) less than the supply voltage
(c) equal to the supply voltage
Ans: a
88. The effect of increasing the load on a synchronous motor running with normal
excitation is to
(a) decrease both armature current and power factor
(6) decrease armature current but increase power factor
(c) increase armature current but decrease power factor
(d) increase both its armature current and power factor
Ans: c
89. The net armature voltage of a synchronous motor is equal to the

(a) vector sum of Eb and V
(b) arithmetic sum of Eb and V
(c) arithmetic difference of Eb and V
(d) vector difference of Eh and V
Ans: d
90. The ratio of starting torque to running torque in a synchronous motor is

(a) zero
(b) one
(c) two
(d) infinity
Ans: a
91. In a synchronous motor, the magnitude of stator back e.m.f. Eb depends on

(a) load on the motor
(b) d.c. excitation only
(c) both the speed and rotor flux
Ans: b
92. A 3-phase synchronous motor is running clockwise. If the direction of its field
current is reversed
(a) the motor will stop
(b) the motor continue to run in the same direction
(c) the winding of the motor will burn
(d) the motor will run in the reverse direction
Ans: b
93. The magnitude of field flux in a 3-phase synchronous motor

(a) remains constant at all loads
(b) varies with speed
(c) varies with the load
(d) varies with power factor
Ans: a
94. The torque angle, in a synchronous motor, is the angle between

(a) the supply voltage and the back e.m.f.
(b) magnetising current and back e.m.f.
(c) the rotating stator flux and rotor poles
Ans: c
95. Hunting in a synchronous motor cannot be due to

(a) windage friction
(b) variable load
(c) variable frequency
(d) variable supply voltage
Ans: a
96. By which of the following methods the constant speed of a synchronous motor can
be changed to new fixed value ?
(a) By changing the supply frequency
(b) By interchanging any two phases
(c) By changing the applied voltage
(d) By changing the load.
Ans: a
97. In a synchronous motor, V-curves represent relation between

(a) armature current and field current
(b) power factor and speed
(c) field current and speed
(d) field current and power factor
Ans: a
98. In a 3-phase, 4-pole, 50 Hz synchronous motor, the frequency, pole number and
load torque all are halved. The motor speed will be
(a) 3000 r.p.m.
(b) 1500 r.p.m.
(c) 750 r.p.m.
Ans: b
99. A synchronous motor connected to infinite bus-bars has at constant full load,
100% excitation and unity power factor. On changing the excitation only, the
armature current will have
(a) no change of power factor
(b) lagging power factor with over-excitation
(c) leading power factor with under-excitation
(d) leading power factor with over-excitation
Ans: d
100. Which of the following motors is non-self starting ?

(a) D.C. series motor
(b) synchronous motor
(c) Squirrel cage induction motor
(d) Wound round induction motor
Ans: b
101. In a synchronous motor it the back e.m.f. generated in the armature at noload is
approximately equal to the applied voltage, then
(a) the motor is said to be fully loaded
(b) the torque generated is maximum
(c) the excitation is said to be zero per cent
(d) the excitation is said to be hundred per cent
Ans: d
102. In a synchronous motor, the damping winding is generally used to

(a) prevent hunting and provide the starting torque
(b) reduce the eddy currents
(c) provide starting torque only
(d) reduce noise level
Ans: a
103. If the field of a synchronous motor is underexcited, the power factor will be
(a) zero
(b) unity
(c) lagging
(d) leading
Ans: c
104. The back e.m.f. in the stator of a synchronous motor depends on

(a) number of poles
(b) flux density
(c) rotor speed
(d) rotor excitation
Ans: d
105. The maximum value of torque that a synchronous motor can develop without
losing its synchronism, is known as
(a) slip torque
(b) pull-out torque
(c) breaking torque
(d) synchronising torque
Ans: d
106. In a synchronous motor, the armature current has large values for
(a) high excitation only
(b) low excitation only
(c) both high and low excitation
Ans: c
107. Which of the following losses, in a synchronous motor, does not vary with load?
(a) Windage loss
(b) Copper losses
(c) Any of the above
Ans: a
108. The size of a synchronous motor decreases with the increase in

(a) flux density
(b) horse power rating
(c) speed
Ans: a
109. Which of the following losses is not dissipated by the stator core surface in a
synchronous motor ?
(a) Eddy current losses in the conductors
(b) Iron losses in the stator
(c) Copper losses in the slot portion of the conductors
(d) Windage losses
(e) None of the above
Ans: d
110. The duration of sudden snort-circuit test on a synchronous motor is usually

about
(a) one hour
(b) one minute
(c) one second
Ans: c
111. The maximum constant load torque under which a synchronous motor will pull
into synchronism at rated rotor supply voltage and frequency is known as
(a) pull-up torque
(b) pull-in torque
(c) pull-out torque
Ans: b
112. A synchronous machine with low value of short-circuit ratio has

(a) lower stability limit
(6) high stability limit
(c) good speed regulation
(d) good voltage regulation
Ans: a
113. The construction of a synchronous motor resembles

(a) a series motor
(b) an induction motor
(c) an alternator
(d) a rotary converter
Ans: c
114. If the field winding of an unloaded salient pole synchronous motor is open
circuited, the motor will
(a) stop
(b) run as induction motor
(c) function as static condenser
(d) burn with dense smoke
Ans: a
115. For power factor correction, synchronous motors operate at

(a) no-load and greatly over-excited fields
(b) no-load and under-excited fields
(c) normal load with minimum excitation
(d) normal load with zero excitation
Ans: a
116. The maximum torque which a synchronous motor will develop at rest for any
angular position of the rotor, at rated stator supply voltage and frequency, is known as
(a) locked-rotor torque
(b) synchronous torque
(c) pull up torque
(d) reluctance torque
Ans: a
117. Exciters of synchronous machines are
(a) d.c. shunt machines
(b) d.c. series machines
(c) d.c. compound machines
Ans: a
118. The coupling angle or load angle of synchronous motor is defined as the angle
between the
(a) rotor and stator teeth
(b) rotor and the stator poles of opposite polarity
(c) rotor and the stator poles of the same polarity
Ans: b
119. If the synchronous motor, properly synchronised to the supply is running on no

load and is having negligible loss
then
(a) the stator current will be zero
(b) the stator current will be very small
(c) the stator current will be very high
(d) the back e.m.f. will be more than the supply voltage
Ans: a
120 The armature current of the synchronous motor

(a) has large values for low excitation i niy
(b) has large values for high excitation only
(c) has large values for low and high excitation
Ans: c
121. The maximum power developed in a synchronous motor will depend on

(a) the rotor excitation only
(b) the supply voltage only
(c) the rotor excitation and supply volt-age both
(d) the rotor excitation, supply voltage and maximum value of coupling angle (90)
Ans: d
122. A synchronous motor which works on a leading power factor and does not drive
a mechanical load is called as
(a) static condenser
(b) condenser
(c) synchronous condenser
Ans: c
123. A synchronous motor develops maximum power when load angle is

(a) 45
(b) 60
(c) 90
(d) 120
Ans: c
124. In a synchronous motor, the breakdown torque is

(a) directly proportional to applied voltage
(b) directly proportional to the square of the applied voltage
(c) inversely proportional to applied voltage
Ans: a
Power Plant Engineering
1. The commercial sources of energy are

(a) solar, wind and biomass
(b) fossil fuels, hydropower and nuclear energy
(c) wood, animal wastes and agriculture wastes
Ans: b
3. In India largest thermal power station is located at

(a) Kota
(b) Sarni
(c) Chandrapur
(d) Neyveli
Ans: c
4. The percentage O2 by Weight in atmospheric air is

(a) 18%
(b) 23%
(c) 77%
(d) 79%
Ans: b
5. The percentage 02 by volume in atmosphere air is

(a) 21%
(b) 23%
(c) 77%
(d) 79%
Ans: a
6. The proper indication of incomplete combustion is

(a) high CO content in flue gases at exit
(b) high CO2 content in flue gases at exit
(c) high temperature of flue gases
(d) the smoking exhaust from chimney
Ans: a
7. The main source of production of biogas is

(a) human waste
(b) wet cow dung
(c) wet livestock waste
(d) all above
Ans: d
8. India's first nuclear power plant was installed at

(a) Tarapore
(b) Kota
(c) Kalpakkam
Ans: a
9. In fuel cell, the ______ energy is converted into electrical energy.

(a) mechanical
(b) chemical
(c) heat
(d) sound
Ans: b
10. Solar thermal power generation can be achieved by

(a) using focusing collector or heliostates
(b) using flat plate collectors
(c) using a solar pond
(d) any of the above system
Ans: d
11. The energy radiated by sun on a bright sunny day is approximately

(a) 700 W/m2
(b) 800 W/m2
(c) 1 kW/m2
(d) 2 kW/m2
Ans: c
12. Thorium Breeder Reactors are most suitable for India because
(a) these develop more power
(b) its technology is simple
(c) abundance of thorium deposits are available in India
(d) these can be easily designed
Ans: c
13. The overall efficiency of thermal power plant is equal to

(a) Rankine cycle efficiency
(b) Carnot cycle efficiency
(c) Regenerative cycle efficiency
(d) Boiler efficiency x turbine efficiency x generator efficiency
Ans: c
14. Rankine cycle efficiency of a good steam power plant may be in the range of
(a) 15 to 20 per cent
(6) 35 to 45 per cent
(d) 90 to 95 per ceut
Ans: b
15. Rankine cycle operating on low pressure limit of p1 an 1 high pressure limit of
p2
(a) has higher the renal efficiency than the carnot cycle operating between same
pressure limits
(b) has lower the"nal efficiency than carnot cycle operating between same pressure
limit?
(c) has same thermal efficiency as carnot cycle operating between same pressure
limits
(d) may be more or less depending upon the magnitude of p1 and p2
Ans: a
16. Rankine efficiency of a steam power plant

(a) improves in summer as compared to that in winter
(6) improves in winter as compared to that in summer
(c) is unaffected by climatic conditions
Ans: b
17. Carnot cycle comprises of

(a) two isentropic processes and two constant volume processes
(b) two isentropic processes and two constant pressure processes
(e) two isothermal processes and three constant pressure processes
Ans: b
18. In Rankine cycle the work output from the turbine is given by
(a) change of internal energy between inlet and outlet
(b) change of enthaply between inlet and outlet
(c) change of entropy between inlet and outlet
(d) change of temperature between inlet and outlet
Ans: b
19. Regenerative cycle thermal efficiency

(a) is always greater than simple Rankine thermal efficiency
(b) is greater than simple Rankine cycle thermal efficiency only when steam is bled
at particular pressure
(c) is same as simple Rankine cycle thermal efficiency
(d) is always less than simple Rankine cycle thermal efficiency
Ans: a
20. In a regenerative feed heating cycle, the optimum value of the fraction of steam
extracted for feed heating
(a) decreases with increase in Rankine cycle efficiency
(b) increases with increase in Rankine cycle efficiency
(c) is unaffected by increase in Rankine cycle efficiency
Ans: b
21. In a regenerative feed heating cycle, the greatest economy is affected

(a) when steam is extracted from only one suitable point of steam turbine
(b) when steam is extracted from several places in different stages of steam turbine
(c) when steam is extracted only from the last stage of steam turbine
(d) when steam is extracted only from the first stage of steam turbine
Ans: b
22. The maximum percentage gain in Regenerative feed heating cycle thermal
efficiency
(a) increases with number of feed heaters increasing
(b) decreases with number of feed heaters increasing
(c) remains same unaffected by number of feed heaters
Ans: a
23. In regenerative cycle feed water is heated by

(a) exhaust gases
(b) heaters
(c) draining steam from the turbine
(d) all above
Ans: c
24. Reheat cycle in steam power plant is used to
(a) utilise heat of flue gases
(b) increase thermal efficiency
(c) improve condenser performance
(d) reduce loss of heat
Ans: b
25. Mercury is a choice with steam in binary vapour cycle because it has
(a) higher critical temperature and pressure
(b) higher saturation temperature than other fluids
(c) relatively low vapourisation pressure
(d) all above
Ans: d
26. Binary'vapour cycles are used to

(a) increase the performance of the condenser
(b) increase the efficiency of the plant
(c) increase efficiency of the turbine
Ans: b
27. A steam power station requires space

(a) equal to diesel power station
(b) more than diesel power station
(c) less than diesel power station
Ans: b
28. Economiser is used to heat

(a) air
(b) feed water
(c) flue gases
(d) all above
Ans: b
29. The modern steam turbines are

(a) impulse turbines
(b) reaction turbines
(c) impulse-reaction turbines
Ans: c
30. The draught which a chimney produces is called

(a) induced draught
(b) natural draught
(c) forced draught
(d) balanced draught
Ans: b
31. The draught produced by steel chimney as compared to that produced by brick
chimney for the same height is
(a) less
(b) more
(c) same
(d) may be more or less
Ans: b
32. In a boiler installation the natural draught is produced

(a) due to the fact that furnace gases being light go through the chimney giving
place to cold air from outside to rush in
(b) due to the fact that pressure at the grate due to cold column is higher than the
pressure at the chimney base due to hot column
(c) due to the fact that at the chimney top the pressure is more than its
environmental pressure
Ans: b
33. The draught produced, for a given height of the chimney and given mean
temperature of chimney gases
(a) decreases with increase in outside air temperature
(b) increases with increase in outside air temperature
(c) remains the same irrespective of outside air temperature
(d) may increase or decrease with increase in outside air temperature
Ans: a
34. The draught produced by chimney of given height at given outside temperature
(a) decreases if the chimney gas temperature increases
(b) increases if the chimney gas temperature increases
(c) remains same irrespective of chimney gas temperature
(d) may increase or decrease
Ans: b
35. For forced draught system, the function of chimney is mainly

(a) to produce draught to accelerate the combustion of fuel
(b) to discharge gases high up in the atmosphere to avoid hazard
(c) to reduce the temperature of the hot gases discharged
Ans: b
36. Artificial draught is produced by

(a) induced fan
(b) forced fan
(c) induced and forced fan
Ans: d
37. The draught in locomotive boilers is produced by

(a) forced fan
(b) chimney
(c) steam jet
(d) only motion of locomotive
Ans: c
38. For the same draught produced the power of induced draught fan as compared
to forced draught fan is
(a) less
(b) more
(c) same
(d) not predictable
Ans: b
39. Artificial draught is produced by

(a) air fans
(b) steam jet
(c) fan or steam jet
Ans: d
40. The artificial draught normally is designed to produce

(a) less smoke
(b) more draught
(c) less chimney gas temperature
Ans: d
41. For the induced draught the fan is located

(a) near bottom of chimney
(b) near bottom of furnace
(c) at the top of the chimney
(D) anywhere permissible
Ans: a
42. The pressure at the furnace is minimum in case of

(a) forced draught system
(b) induced draught system
(c) balanced draught system
(d) natural draught system
Ans: c
43. The efficiency of chimney is approximately

(a) 80%
(b) 40%
(c) 20%
(d) 0.25%
Ans: d
44. The isentropic expansion of steam through nozzle for the steam initially
superheated at inlet is approximated by equation
(a) pvls=C
(b) pv1126 = C
(c) pv1A = C
(d) pv = C
Ans: a
45. The ratio of exit pressure to inlet pressure for maximum mass flow rate per
unit area of steam through a nozzle when steam is initially dry saturated is
(a) 0.6
(6) 0.578
(c) 0.555
(d) 0.5457
Ans: b
46. The ratio of exit pressure to inlet pressure of maximum mass flow rate per area
of steam through a nozzle when steam is initially superheated is
(a) 0.555
(b) 0.578
(c) 0.5457
(d) 0.6
Ans: c
47. The critical pressure ratio of a convergent nozzle is defined as

(a) the ratio of outlet pressure to inlet pressure of nozzle
(b) the ratio of inlet pressure to outlet pressure of nozzle
(c) the ratio of outlet pressure to inlet pressure only when mass flow rate per unit
area is minimum
(d) the ratio of outlet pressure to inlet pressure only when mass flow rate = c
Ans: d
48. The isentropic expansion of steam through nozzle for the steam initially dry
saturated at inlet is approximated by equation.
(a)pv = C
(b)pv1A = C
(c)pv1i = C
(d)pv
Ans: d
49. The effect of considering friction losses in steam nozzle for the same pressure
ratio leads to
(a) increase in exit velocity from the nozzle
(6) decrease in exit velocity from the nozzle
(c) no change in exit velocity from the nozzle
(d) increase or decrease depending upon the exit quality of steam
Ans: b
50. The effect of considering friction in steam nozzles for the same pressure ratio
leads to
(a) increase in dryness fraction of exit steam
(b) decrease in dryness fraction of exit steam
(c) no change in the quality of exit steam
(d) decrease or increase of dryness fraction of exit steam depending upon inlet
quality
Ans: a
51. In case of impulse steam turbine

(a) there is enthalpy drop in fixed and moving blades
(b) there is enthalpy drop only in moving blades
(c) there is enthalpy drop in nozzles
Ans: c
52. The pressure on the two sides of the impulse wheel of a steam turbine
(a) is same
(b) is different
(c) increases from one side to the other side
(d) decreases from one side to the other side
Ans: a
53. In De Laval steam turbine

(a) the pressure in the turbine rotor is approximately same as in condenser
(b) the pressure in the turbine rotor is higher than pressure in the condenser
(c) the pressure in the turbine rotor gradually decreases from inlet to exit from
condenser
(d) none from the above
Ans: a
54. Incase of reaction steam turbine

(a) there is enthalpy drop both in fixed and moving blades
(b) there is enthalpy drop only in fixed blades
(c) there is enthalpy drop only in moving blades
Ans: a
55. Curtis turbine is
(a) reaction steam turbine
(b) pressure velocity compounded steam turbine
(c) pressure compounded impulse steam turbine
(d) velocity compounded impulse steam turbine
Ans: b
56. Rateau steam turbine is

(a) reaction steam turbine
(b) velocity compounded impulse steam turbine
(c) pressure compounded impulse steam turbine
(d) pressure velocity compounded steam turbine
Ans: c
57. Parson's turbine is

(a) pressure compounded steam turbine
(b) simple single wheel, impulse steam turbine
(c) simple single wheel reaction steam turbine
(d) multi wheel reaction steam turbine
Ans: d
58. For Parson's reaction steam turbine, degree of reaction is

(a) 75%
(b) 100%
(c) 50%
(d) 60%
Ans: c
59. Reheat factor in steam turbines depends on

(a) exit pressure only
(b) stage efficiency only
(c) initial pressures and temperature only
Ans: c
60. The value of reheat factor normally varies from

(a) 0.5 to 0.6
(b) 0.9 to 0.95
(c) 1.02 to 1.06
(d) 1.2 to 1.6
Ans: c
61. Steam turbines are governed by the following methods

(a) Throttle governing
(b) Nozzle control governing
(c) By-pass governing
Ans: d
62. In steam turbines the reheat factor

(a) increases with the increase in number of stages
(b) decreases with the increase in number of stages
(c) remains same irrespective of number of stages
Ans: a
63. The thermal efficiency of the engine with condenser as compared to without
condenser, for a given pressure and temperature of steam, is
(a) higher
(b) lower
(c) same as long as initial pressure and temperature is unchanged
Ans: a
64. In jet type condensers

(a) cooling water passes through tubes and steam surrounds them
(b) steam passes through tubes and cooling water surrounds them
(c) steam and cooling water mix
(d) steam and cooling water do not mix
Ans: c
65. In a shell and tube surface condenser

(a) steam and cooling water mix to give the condensate
(b) cooling water passes through the tubes and steam surrounds them
(c) steam passes through the cooling tubes and cooling water surrounds them
(d) all of the above varying with situation
Ans: b
66. In a surface condenser if air is removed, there is

(a) fall in absolute pressure maintained in condenser
(b) rise in absolute pressure maintained in condenser
(c) no change in absolute pressure in the condenser
(d) rise in temperature of condensed steam
Ans: a
67. The cooling section in the surface condenser

(a) increases the quantity of vapour extracted along with air
(b) reduces the quantity of vapour extracted along with air
(c) does not affect vapour quantity extracted but reduces pump capacity of air
extraction pump
Ans: b
68. Edward's air pump
(a) removes air and also vapour from condenser
(b) removes only air from condenser
(c) removes only un-condensed vapour from condenser
(d) removes air alongwith vapour and also the condensed water from condenser
Ans: d
69. In a steam power plant, the function of a condenser is

(a) to maintain pressure below atmospheric to increase work output from the
primemover
(b) to receive large volumes of steam exhausted from steam prime mover
(c) to condense large volumes of steam to water which may be used again in boiler
Ans: d
70. In a regenerative surface condenser

(a) there is one pump to remove air and condensate
(b) there are two pumps to remove air and condensate
(c) there are three pumps to remove air, vapour and condensate
(d) there is no pump, the condensate gets removed by gravity
Ans: b
71. Evaporative type of condenser has

(a) steam in pipes surrounded by water
(b) water in pipes surrounded by steam
Ans: a
72. Pipes carrying steam are generally made up of

(a) steel
(b) cast iron
(c) copper
(d) aluminium
Ans: a
73. For the safety of a steam boiler the number of safety valves fitted are
(a) four
(b) three
(c) two
(d) one
Ans: c
74. Steam turbines commonly used in steam power station are

(a) condensing type
(b) non-condensing type
(c) none of the above
Ans: a
75. Belt conveyer can be used to transport coal at inclinations upto

(a) 30
(b) 60
(c) 80
(d) 90
Ans: a
76. The maximum length of a screw conveyer is about

(a) 30 metres
(b) 40 metres
(c) 60 metres
(d) 100 metres
Ans: a
77. The efficiency of a modern boiler using coal and heat recovery equipment is
about
(a) 25 to 30%
(b) 40 to 50%
(c) 65 to 70%
(d) 85 to 90%
Ans: d
78. The average ash content in Indian co als is about

(a) 5%
(b) 10%
(c) 15%
(d) 20%
Ans: d
79. Load center in a power station is

(a) center of coal fields
(b) center of maximum load of equipments
(c) center of gravity of electrical system
Ans: c
80. Steam pressure in a steam power station, which is usually kept now-a-days is
of the order of
(a) 20 kgf/cm2
(b) 50 kgf/cm2
(c) 100 kgf/cm2
(d) 150 kgf/cm2
Ans: d
81. Economisers improve boiler efficiency by
(a) 1 to 5%
(b) 4 to 10%
(c) 10 to 12%
Ans: b
82. The capacity of large turbo-generators varies from

(a) 20 to 100 MW
(b) 50 to 300 MW
(c) 70 to 400 MW
(d) 100 to 650 MW
Ans: b
83. Caking coals are those which

(a) burn completely
(b) burn freely
(c) do not form ash
(d) form lumps or masses of coke
Ans: d
84. Primary air is that air which is used to

(a) reduce the flame length
(b) increase the flame length
(c) transport and dry the coal
(d) provide air around burners for getting optimum combustion
Ans: c
85. Secondary air is the air used to

(a) reduce the flame length
(b) increase the flame length
(c) transport and dry the coal
(d) provide air round the burners for getting optimum combustion
Ans: d
86. In coal preparation plant, magnetic separators are used to remove

(a) dust
(b) clinkers
(c) iron particles
(d) sand
Ans: c
87. Load carrying capacity of belt conveyor is about

(a) 20 to 40 tonnes/hr
(b) 50 to 100 tonnes/hr
(c) 100 to 150 tonnes/hr
(d) 150 to 200 tonnes/hr
Ans: b
88. Method which is commonly applied for unloading the coal for small power
plant is
(a) lift trucks
(b) coal accelerators
(c) tower cranes
(d) belt conveyor
Ans: b
89. Bucket elevators are used for

(a) carrying coal in horizontal direction
(b) carrying coal in vertical direction
(c) carrying coal in any direction
Ans: b
90. The amount of air which is supplied for complete combustion is called
(a) primary air
(b) secondary air
(c) tertiary air
Ans: b
91. In ______ system fuel from a central pulverizing unit is delivered to a bunker and
then to the various burners
(a) unit
(b) central
Ans: b
92. Under-feed stokers work best for _______ coals high in volatile matter and with
caking tendency
(a) anthracite
(b) lignite
(c) semibituminous and bituminous
Ans: c
93. Example of overfeed type stoker is

(a) chain grate
(b) spreader
(c) travelling grate
Ans: d
94. Where unpulverised coal has to be used and boiler capacity is large, the stoker
which is used is
(a) underfeed stoker
(b) overfeed stoker
(c) any
Ans: b
95. TravelUng grate stoker can burn coals at the rates of

(a) 5075 kg/m per hour
(b) 75100 kg/m per hour
(c) 100150 kg/m per hour
(d) 150200 kg/m2 per hour
Ans: d
96. Blowing down of boiler water is the process

(a) to reduce the boiler pressure
(b) to increase the steam temperature
(c) to control the solid concentration in the boiler water by removing some of the
concentrated saline water
Ans: c
97. Deaerative heating is done to

(a) heat the water
(b) heat the air in the water
(c) remove dissolved gases in the water
Ans: c
98. Reheat factor is the ratio of

(a) isentropic heat drop to useful heat drop
(b) adiabatic heat drop to isentropic heat drop
(c) cumulative actual enthalpy drop for the stages to total is isentropic enthalpy
heat drop
Ans: c
99. The value of the reheat factor is of the order of

(a) 0.8 to 1.0
(b) 1.0 to 1.05
(c) 1.1 to 1.5
(d) above 1.5
Ans: c
100. Compounding of steam turbine is done for

(a) reducing the work done
(b) increasing the rotor speed
(c) reducing the rotor speed
(d) balancing the turbine
Ans: c
Transmission and Distribution.
1. By which of the following systems electric power may be transmitted ?
(a) Overhead system
(b) Underground system
Ans: c
2 are the conductors, which connect the consumer's terminals to the distribution
(a) Distributors
(b) Service mains
(c) Feeders
Ans: b
3. The underground system cannot be operated above

(a) 440 V
(b) 11 kV
(c) 33 kV
(d) 66 kV
Ans: d
4. Overhead system can be designed for operation up to

(a) 11 kV
(b) 33 kV
(c) 66 kV
(d) 400 kV
Ans: c
5. If variable part of annual cost on account of interest and depreciation on the

capital outlay is equal to the annual cost of electrical energy wasted in the conductors,
the total annual cost will be minimum and the corresponding size of conductor will be
most economical. This statement is known as
(a) Kelvin's law
(b) Ohm's law
(c) Kirchhoffs law
(d) Faraday's law
Ans: a
6. The wooden poles well impregnated with creosite oil or any preservative
compound have life
(a) from 2 to 5 years
(b) 10 to 15 years
(c) 25 to 30 years
(d) 60 to 70 years
Ans: c
7. Which of the following materials is not used for transmission and distribution
of electrical power ?
(a) Copper
(b) Aluminium
(c) Steel
(d) Tungsten
Ans: d
8. Galvanised steel wire is generally used as

(a) stay wire
(b) earth wire
(c) structural components
Ans: d
9. The usual spans with R.C.C. poles are

(a) 4050 meters
(b) 60100 meters
(c) 80100 meters
(d) 300500 meters
Ans: c
10. The corona is considerably affected by which of the following ?

(a) Size of the conductor
(b) Shape of the conductor
(c) Surface condition of the conductor
Ans: d
11. Which of the following are the constants of the transmission lines ?
(a) Resistance
(b) Inductance
(c) Capacitance
Ans: d
12. 310 km line is considered as

(a) a long line
(b) a medium line
(c) a short line
Ans: a
13. The phenomenon qf rise in voltage at the receiving end of the open-circuited or
lightly loaded line is called the
(a) Seeback effect
(b) Ferranti effect
(c) Raman effect
Ans: b
14. The square root of the ratio of line impedance and shunt admittance is called
the
(a) surge impedance of the line
(b) conductance of the line
(c) regulation of the line
Ans: a
15. Which of the following is the demerit of a 'constant voltage transmission

system' ?
(a) Increase of short-circuit current of the system
(b) Availability of steady voltage at all loads at the line terminals
(c) Possibility of better protection for the line due to possible use of higher
terminal reactants
(d) Improvement of power factor at times of moderate and heavy loads
(e) Possibility of carrying increased power for a given conductor size in case of long-
distance heavy power transmission
Ans: a
16. Low voltage cables are meant for use up to

(a)l.lkV
(b)3.3kV
(c)6.6kV
(d)llkV
Ans: e
17. The operating voltage of high voltage cables is up to

(a)l.lkV
(b)3.3kV
(c)6.6kV
(d)llkV
Ans: d
18. The operating voltage of supertension cables is up to

(a) 3.3 kV
(b) 6.6 kV
(c) 11 kV
(d) 33 kV
Ans: d
19. The operating voltage of extra high tension cables is upto
(a) 6.6 kV
(b) 11 kV
(c) 33 kV
(d) 66 kV
(e) 132 kV
Ans: d
20. Which of the following methods is used for laying of underground cables ?
(a) Direct laying
(b) Draw-in-system
(c) Solid system
Ans: d
21. Which of the following is the source of heat generation in the cables ?
(a) Dielectric losses in cable insulation
(b) losses in the conductor
(c) Losses in the metallic sheathings and armourings
Ans:
22. Due to which of the following reasons the cables should not be operated too
hot ?
(a) The oil may loose its viscosity and it may start drawing off from higher levels
(b) Expansion of the oil may cause the sheath to burst
(c) Unequal expansion may create voids in the insulation which will lead to
ionization
(d) The thermal instability may rise due to the rapid increase of dielectric losses
with temperature
(e) All of the above
Ans: e
23. Which of the following D.C. distribution system is the simplest and lowest in
first cost ?
(a) Radial system
(b) Ring system
(c) Inter-connected system
Ans: a
24. A booster is a
(a) series wound generator
(b) shunt wound generator
(c) synchronous generator
Ans: a
25. Besides a method of trial and error, which of the following methods is
employed for solution of network problems in interconnected system ?
(a) Circulating current method
(b) Thevenin's theorem
(c) Superposition of currents
(d) Direct application of Kirehhoffs laws
Ans: e
26. Which of the following faults is most likely to occur in cables ?

(a) Cross or short-circuit fault
(b) Open circuit fault
(c) Breakdown of cable insulation
Ans:
27. The cause of damage to the lead sheath of a cable is

(a) crystallisation of the lead through vibration
(b) chemical action on the lead when buried in the earth
(c) mechanical damage
Ans:
28. The voltage of the single phase supply to residential consumers is

(a) 110 V
(b) 210 V
(c) 230 V
(d) 400 V
Ans: c
29. Most of the high voltage transmission lines in India are

(a) underground
(b) overhead
Ans: b
30. The distributors for residential areas are

(a) single phase
(b) three-phase three wire
(c) three-phase four wire
Ans: c
31. The conductors of the overhead lines are
(a) solid
(b) stranded
(c) both solid and stranded
Ans:
32. High voltage transmission lines use

(a) suspension insulators
(b) pin insulators
Ans: a
33. Multicore cables generally use

(a) square conductors
(b) circular conductors
(c) rectangular conductors
(d) sector-shaped conductors
Ans: d
34. Distribution lines in India generally use

(a) wooden poles
(b) R.C.C. poles
(c) steel towers
Ans: b
35. The material commonly used for insulation in high voltage cables is
(a) lead
(b) paper
(c) rubber
Ans: b
36. The loads on distributors systems are generally

(a) balanced
(b) unbalanced
Ans: b
37. The power factor of industrial loads is generally

(a) unity
(b) lagging
(c) leading
(d) zero
Ans: b
38. Overhead lines generally use

(a) copper conductors
(b) all aluminium conductors
(c) A.C.S.R. conductors
(d) none of these
Ans: c
39. In transmission lines the cross-arms are made of

(a) copper
(b) wood
(c) R.C.C.
(d) steel
Ans: d
40. The material generally used for armour of high voltage cables is
(a) aluminium
(b) steel
(c) brass
(d) copper
Ans: b
41. Transmission line insulators are made of

(a) glass
(b) porcelain
(c) iron
(d) P.V.C.
Ans:
42. The material commonly used for sheaths of underground cables is

(a) lead
(b) rubber
(c) copper
(d) iron
Ans: a
43. The minimum clearance between the ground and a 220 kV line is about
(a) 4.3 m
(b) 5.5 m
(c) 7.0 m
(d) 10.5 m
Ans: c
44. The spacing between phase conductors of a 220 kV line is approximately equal
to
(a) 2 m
(b) 3.5 m
(c) 6 m
(d) 8.5 m
Ans: c
45. Large industrial consumers are supplied electrical energy at

(a) 400 V
(b) 11 kV
(c) 66 kV
(d) 400 kV
Ans: c
46. In a D.C. 3-wire distribution system, balancer fields are cross-connected in

order to
(a) boost the generated voltage
(b) balance loads on both sides of the neutral
(c) make both machine^ run as unloaded motors
(d) equalize voltages on the positive and negative outers
Ans:
47. In a D.C. 3-wire distributor using balancers and having unequal loads on the
two sides
(a) both balancers run as generators
(b) both balancers run as motors
(c) balancer connected to lightly- loaded side runs as a motor
(d) balancer connected to heavily- loaded side runs as a motor
Ans:
48. Transmitted power remaining the same, if supply voltage of a D.C. 2-wire
feeder is increased 100 percent, saving in copper is
(a) 25 percent
(b) 50 percent
(c) 75 percent
(d) 100 percent
Ans: b
49. A uniformly-loaded D.C. distributor is fed at both ends with equal voltages. As
compared to a similar distributor fed at one end only, the drop at the middle point is
(a) one-fourth
(b) one-third
(c) one-half
(d) twice
Ans: a
50. As compared to a 2-wire D.C. distributor, a 3-wire distributor with same

maximum voltage to earth uses only
(a) 31.25 percent of copper
(b) 33.3 percent of copper
(c) 66.7 percent of copper
(d) 125 percent of copper
Ans: a
51. Which of the following is usually not the generating voltage ?

(a) 6.6 kV
(b) 8.8 kV
(c) 11 kV
(d) 13.2 kV
Ans: b
52. For an overhead line, the surge impedance is taken as

(a) 20-30 ohms
(b) 7080 ohms
(c) 100200 ohms
(d) 5001000 ohms
Ans: c
53. The presence of ozone due to corona is harmful because it

(a) reduces power factor
(b) corrodes the material
(c) gives odour
(d) transfer energy to the ground
Ans: b
54. A feeder, in a transmission system, feeds power to

(a) distributors
(b) generating stations
(c) service mains
Ans: a
55. The power transmitted will be maximum when

(a) corona losses are minimum
(b) reactance is high
(c) sending end voltage is more
(d) receiving end voltage is more
Ans: c
56. A 3-phase 4 wire system is commonly used on

(a) primary transmission
(b) secondary transmission
(c) primary distribution
(d) secondary distribution
Ans: d
57. Which of the following materials is used for overhead transmission lines ?
(a) Steel cored aluminium
(b) Galvanised steel
(c) Cadmium copper
Ans: d
58. Which of the following is not a constituent for making porcelain insulators ?
(a) Quartz
(b) Kaolin
(c) Felspar
(d) Silica
Ans: d
59. There is a greater possibility of occurence of corona during

(a) dry weather
(b) winter
(c) summer heat
(d) humid weather
Ans: d
60. Which of the following relays is used on long transmission lines ?

(a) Impedance relay
(b) Mho's relay
(c) Reactance relay
Ans: b
61. The steel used in steel cored conductors is usually

(a) alloy steel
(b) stainless steel
(c) mild steel
(d) high speed steel
Ans: c
62. Which of the following distribution systems is more reliable ?
(a) Radial system
(b) Tree system
(c) Ring main system
(d) All are equally reliable
Ans: c
63. Which of the following characteristics should the line supports for
transmission lines possess ?
(a) Low cost
(b) High mechanical strength
(c) Longer life
Ans: d
64. Transmission voltage of ll kV is normally used for distances upto

(a) 2025 km
(b) 4050 km
(c) 6070 km
(d) 80100 km
Ans: a
65. Which of the following regulations is considered best?

(a) 50%
(b) 20%
(c) 10%
(d) 2%
Ans: d
66. Skin effect is proportional to

(a) (conductor diameter)
(b) (conductor diameter)
(c) (conductor diameter)
(d) (conductor diameter)
Ans: c
67. A conductor, due to sag between two supports, takes the form of
(a) semi-circle
(b) triangle
(c) ellipse
(d) catenary
Ans: d
68. In AC.S.R. conductors, the insulation between aluminium and steel conductors
is
(a) insulin
(b) bitumen
(c) varnish
(d) no insulation is required
Ans: d
69. Which of the following bus-bar schemes has the lowest cost ?
(a) Ring bus-bar scheme
(b) Single bus-bar scheme
(c) Breaker and a half scheme
(d) Main and transfer scheme
Ans: b
70. Owing to skin effect

(a) current flows through the half cross-section of the conductor
(b) portion of the conductor near the surface carries more current and core of the
conductor carries less current
(c) portion of the conductor near the surface carries less current and core of the
conductor carries more current
Ans: b
71. By which of the following methods string efficiency can be improved ?

(a) Using a guard ring
(b) Grading the insulator
(c) Using long cross arm
Ans: d
72. In aluminium conductors, steel core is provided to

(a) compensate for skin effect
(b) neutralise proximity effect
(c) reduce line inductance
(d) increase the tensile strength
Ans: d
73. By which of the following a bus-bar is rated ?

(a) Current only
(b) Current and voltage
(c) Current, voltage and frequency
(d) Current, voltage, frequency and short time current
Ans: d
74. A circuit is disconnected by isolators when

(a) line is energized
(b) there is no current in the line
(c) line is on full load
(d) circuit breaker is not open
Ans: b
75. For which of the following equipment current rating is not necessary ?
(a) Circuit breakers
(b) Isolators
(c) Load break switch
(d) Circuit breakers and load break switches
Ans: b
76. In a substation the following equipment is not installed

(a) exciters
(b) series capacitors
(c) shunt reactors
(d) voltatre transformers
Ans: a
77. jCorona usually occurs when the electrostatic stress in air around the
conductor exceeds
(a) 6.6 kV (r.m.s. value)/cm
(b) 11 kV (r.m.s. value)/cm
(c) 22 kV (maximum value)/cm
(d) 30 kV (maximum value)/cm
Ans: d
78. The voltage drop, for constant voltage transmission is compensated by

installing
(a) inductors
(b) capacitors
(c) synchronous motors
(d) all of above
Ans: c
79. The use of strain type insulators is made where the conductors are
(a) dead ended
(b) at intermediate anchor towers
(c) any of the above
Ans: c
80. The current drawn by the line due to corona losses is

(a) non-sinusoidal
(b) sinusoidal
(c) triangular
(d) square
Ans: a
81. Pin type insulators are generally not used for voltages beyond
(a) 1 kV
(b) 11 kV
(c) 22 kV
(d) 33 kV
Ans: d
82. Aluminium has a specific gravity of

(a) 1.5
(b) 2.7
(c) 4.2
(d) 7.8
Ans: b
83. For transmission of power over a distance of 200 km, the transmission voltage
should be
(a) 132 kV
(b) 66 kV
(c) 33 kV
(d) 11 kV
Ans: a
84. For aluminium, as compared to copper, all the following factors have higher
values except
(a) specific volume
(6) electrical conductivity
(c) co-efficient of linear expansion
(d) resistance per unit length for same cross-section
Ans: b
85. Which of the following equipment, for regulating the voltage in distribution
feeder, will be most economical ?
(a) Static condenser
(b) Synchronous condenser
(c) Tap changing transformer
(d) Booster transformer
Ans: d
86. In a tap changing transformer, the tappings are provided on

(a) primary winding
(b) secondary winding
(c) high voltage winding
Ans: b
87. Constant voltage transmission entails the following disadvantage

(a) large conductor area is required for same power transmission
(b) short-circuit current of the system is increased
Ans: b
88. On which of the following factors skin effect depends ?

(a) Frequency of the current
(b) Size of the conductor
(c) Resistivity of the conductor material
Ans: d
89. The effect of corona can be detected by

(a) presence of ozone detected by odour
(b) hissing sound
(c) faint luminous glow of bluish colour
Ans: d
90. For transmission of power over a distance of 500 km, the transmission voltage
should be in the range
(a) 150 to 220 kV
(b) 100 to 120 kV
(c) 60 to 100 kV
(d) 20 to 50 kV
Ans: a
91. In the analysis of which of the following lines shunt capacitance is neglected ?
(a) Short transmission lines
(b) Medium transmission lines
(c) Long transmission lines
(d) Medium as well as long transmission lines
Ans: a
92. When the interconnector between two stations has large reactance
(a) the transfer of power will take place with voltage fluctuation and noise
(b) the transfer of power will take place with least loss
(c) the stations will fall out of step because of large angular displacement between
the stations
Ans: c
93. The frequency of voltage generated, in case of generators, can be increased by

(a) using reactors
(b) increasing the load
(c) adjusting the governor
(d) reducing the terminal voltage
Ans: c
94. When an alternator connected to the bus-bar is shut down the bus-bar voltage
will
(a) fall
(b) rise
(c) remain unchanged
Ans: c
95. The angular displacement between two interconnected stations is mainly due
to
(a) armature reactance of both alternators
(b) reactance of the interconnector
(c) synchronous reactance of both the alternators
Ans: a
96. Electro-mechanical voltage regulators are generally used in

(a) reactors
(b) generators
(c) transformers
Ans: b
97. Series capacitors on transmission lines are of little use when the load VAR
requirement is
(a) large
(b) small
(b) fluctuating
Ans: b
98. The voltage regulation in magnetic amplifier type voltage regulator is effected
by
(a) electromagnetic induction
(b) varying the resistance
(c) varying the reactance
(d) variable transformer
Ans: c
99. When a conductor carries more current on the surface as compared to core, it
is due to
(a) permeability variation
(b) corona
(c) skin effect
(d) unsymmetrical fault
Ans: c
100. The following system is not generally used

(a) 1-phase 3 wire
(b) 1-phase 4 wire
(c) 3-phase 3 wire
(d) 3-phase 4 wire
Ans: a
101. The skin effect of a conductor will reduce as the

(a) resistivity of conductor material increases
(b) permeability of conductor material increases
(c) diameter increases
(d) frequency increases
Ans: a
102. When a live conductor of public electric supply breaks down and touches the
earth which of the following will happen ?
(a) Current will flow to earth
(b) Supply voltage will drop
(c) Supply voltage will increase
(d) No current will flow in the conductor
Ans: a
Measurement and Instrumentation
1. The use of _____ instruments is merely confined within laboratories as standardizing

instruments.
(a) absolute
(b) indicating
(c) recording
(d) integrating
Ans: a
2. Which of the following instruments indicate the instantaneous value of the

electrical quantity being measured at the time at which it is being measured ?
(a) Absolute instruments
(b) Indicating instruments
(c) Recording instruments
(d) Integrating instruments
Ans: b
3. _____ instruments are those which measure the total quantity of electricity delivered
in a particular time.
(a) Absolute
(b) Indicating
(c) Recording
(d) Integrating
Ans: d
4. Which of the following are integrating instruments ?

(a) Ammeters
(b) Voltmeters
(c) Wattmeters
(d) Ampere-hour and watt-hour meters
Ans: d
5. Resistances can be measured with the help of

(a) wattmeters
(b) voltmeters
(c) ammeters
(d) ohmmeters and resistance bridges
Ans: d
6 According to application, instruments are classified as

(a) switch board
(b) portable
(d) moving coil
(e) moving iron
(f) both (d) and (e)
Ans: c
7. Which of the following essential features is possessed by an indicating instrument ?
(a) Deflecting device
(b) Controlling device
(c) Damping device
Ans: d
8. A _____ device prevents the oscillation of the moving system and enables the latter to
reach its final position quickly
(a) deflecting
(b) controlling
(c) damping
Ans: c
9. The spring material used in a spring control device should have the following
property.
(a) Should be non-magnetic
(b) Most be of low temperature co-efficient
(c) Should have low specific resistance
(d) Should not be subjected to fatigue
Ans: e
10. Which of the following properties a damping oil must possess ?

(a) Must be a good insulator
(b) Should be non-evaporating
(c) Should not have corrosive action upon the metal of the vane
(d) The viscosity of the oil should not change with the temperature
Ans: e
11. A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be used as _____ by using a low

resistance shunt.
(a) ammeter
(b) voltmeter
(c) flux-meter
(d) ballistic galvanometer
Ans: a
12. A moving-coil permanent-magnet instrument can be used as flux-meter

(a) by using a low resistance shunt
(b) by using a high series resistance
(c) by eliminating the control springs
(d) by making control springs of large moment of inertia
Ans: c
13. Which of the following devices may be used for extending the range of instruments
?
(a) Shunts
(b) Multipliers
(c) Current transformers
(d) Potential transformers
Ans: e
14. An induction meter can handle current up to

(a) 10 A
(b) 30 A
(c) 60 A
(d) 100 A
Ans: d
15. For handling greater currents induction wattmeters are used in conjunction with
(a) potential transformers
(b) current transformers
(c) power transformers
(d) either of the above
Ans: b
16. Induction type single phase energy meters measure electric energy in
(a) kW
(b) Wh
(c) kWh
(d) VAR
Ans: c
17. Most common form of A.C. meters met with in every day domestic and industrial
installations are
(a) mercury motor meters
(b) commutator motor meters
(c) induction type single phase energy meters
Ans: c
18. Which of the following meters are not used on D.C. circuits
(a) Mercury motor meters
(b) Commutator motor meters
(c) Induction meters
Ans: c
19. Which of the following is an essential part of a motor meter ?

(a) An operating torque system
(b) A braking device
(c) Revolution registering device
Ans: d
20. A potentiometer may be used for

(a) measurement of resistance
(b) measurement of current
(c) calibration of ammeter
(d) calibration of voltmeter
Ans: e
21 is an instrument which measures the insulation resistance of an electric circuit

relative to earth and one another,
(a) Tangent galvanometer
(b) Meggar
(c) Current transformer
Ans: b
22. The household energy meter is

(a) an indicating instrument
(b) a recording instrument
(c) an integrating instrument
Ans: c
23. The pointer of an indicating instrument should be

(a) very light
(b) very heavy
(d) neither (a) nor (b)
Ans: a
24. The chemical effect of current is used in

(a) D.C. ammeter hour meter
(b) D.C. ammeter
(c) D.C. energy meter
Ans: a
25. In majority of instruments damping is provided by
(a) fluid friction
(b) spring
(c) eddy currents
Ans: c
26. An ammeter is a
(a) secondary instrument
(b) absolute instrument
(c) recording instrument
(d) integrating instrument
Ans: a
27. In a portable instrument, the controlling torque is provided by

(a) spring
(b) gravity
(c) eddy currents
Ans: a
28. The disc of an instrument using eddy current damping should be of

(a) conducting and magnetic material
(b) non-conducting and magnetic material
(c) conducting and non-magnetic material
Ans: c
29. The switch board instruments

(a) should be mounted in vertical position
(6) should be mounted in horizontal position
Ans: a
30. The function of shunt in an ammeter is to

(a) by pass the current
(b) increase the sensitivity of the ammeter
(c) increase the resistance of ammeter
Ans: a
31. The multiplier and the meter coil in a voltmeter are in

(a) series
(b) parallel
(c) series-parallel
Ans: a
32. A moving iron instrument can be used for

(a) D.C. only
(b) A.C. only
(c) both D.C. and A.C.
Ans: c
33. The scale of a rectifier instrument is

(a) linear
(b) non-linear
Ans: a
34. For measuring current at high frequency we should use

(a) moving iron instrument
(b) electrostatic instrument
(c) thermocouple instrument
Ans: c
35. The resistance in the circuit of the moving coil of a dynamometer wattmeter
should be
(a) almost zero
(b) low
(c) high
Ans: c
36. A dynamometer wattmeter can be used for

(a) both D.C. and A.C.
(b) D.C. only
(c) A.C. only
Ans: a
37. An induction wattmeter can be used for

(a) both D.C. and A.C.
(6) D.C. only
(c) A.C. only
Ans: b
38. The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected on the supply side of the
current coil when
(a) load impedance is high
(b) load impedance is low
(c) supply voltage is low
Ans: a
39. In a low power factor wattmeter the pressure coil is connected

(a) to the supply side of the current coil
(b) to the load side of the current coil
(c) in any of the two meters at connection
Ans: b
40. In a low power factor wattmeter the compensating coil is connected

(a) in series with current coil
(b) in parallel with current coil
(c) in series with pressure coil
(d) in parallel with pressure coil
Ans: c
41. In a 3-phase power measurement by two wattmeter method, both the watt meters
had identical readings. The
power factor of the load was
(a) unity
(6) 0.8 lagging
(c) 0.8 leading
(d) zero
Ans: a
42. In a 3-phase power measurement by two wattmeter method the reading of one of
the wattmeter was zero. The
power factor of the load must be
(a) unity
(b) 0.5
(c) 0.3
(d) zero
Ans: b
43. The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter is done to provide
(a) friction compensation
(b) creep compensation
(c) braking torque
Ans: a
44. An ohmmeter is a
(a) moving iron instrument
(b) moving coil instrument
(c) dynamometer instrument
Ans: b
45. When a capacitor was connected to the terminal of ohmmeter, the pointer
indicated a low resistance initially and then slowly came to infinity position. This
shows that capacitor is
(a) short-circuited
(b) all right
(c) faulty
Ans: b
46. For measuring a very high resistance we should use

(a) Kelvin's double bridge
(b) Wheat stone bridge
(c) Meggar
Ans: c
47. The electrical power to a meggar is provided by

(a) battery
(b) permanent magnet D.C. generator
(c) AC. generator
Ans: b
48. In a meggar controlling torque is provided by

(a) spring
(b) gravity
(c) coil
(d) eddy current
Ans: c
49. The operating voltage of a meggar is about

(a) 6 V
(b) 12 V
(c) 40 V
(d) 100 V
Ans: d
50. Murray loop test can be used for location of

(a) ground fault on a cable
(b) short circuit fault on a cable
(c) both the ground fault and the short-circuit fault
Ans: c
51. Which of the following devices should be used for accurate measurement of low
D.C. voltage ?
(a) Small range moving coil voltmeter
(b) D.C. potentiometer
(c) Small range thermocouple voltmeter
Ans: b
52. It is required to measure the true open circuit e.m.f. of a battery. The best device is
(a) D.C. voltmeter
(b) Ammeter and a known resistance
(c) D.C. potentiometer
Ans: c
53. A voltage of about 200 V can be measured

(a) directly by a D.C. potentiometer
(b) a D.C. potentiometer in conjunction with a volt ratio box
(c) a D.C. potentiometer in conjunction with a known resistance
Ans: b
54. A direct current can be measured by

(a) a D.C. potentiometer directly
(b) a D.C. potentiometer in conjunction with a standard resistance
(c) a D.C. potentiometer in conjunction with a volt ratio box
Ans: b
55. To measure a resistance with the help of a potentiometer it is

(a) necessary to standardise the potentiometer
(b) not necessary to standardise the potentiometer
(c) necessary to use a volt ratio box in conjunction with the potentiometer
Ans: b
56. A phase shifting transformer is used in conjunction with

(a) D.C. potentiometer
(b) Drysdale potentiometer
(c) A.C. co-ordinate potentiometer
(d) Crompton potentiometer
Ans: b
57. Basically a potentiometer is a device for

(a) comparing two voltages
(b) measuring a current
(c) comparing two currents
(d) measuring a voltage
Ans: a
58. In order to achieve high accuracy, the slide wire of a potentiometer should be
(a) as long as possible
(b) as short as possible
(c) neither too small not too large
(d) very thick
Ans: a
59. To measure an A. C. voltage by using an A.C. potentiometer, it is desirable that the

supply for the potentiometer in taken
(a) from a source which is not the same as the unknown voltage
(b) from a battery
(c) from the same source as the unknown voltage
Ans: c
60. The stator of phase shifting transformer for use in conjunction with an A.C.
potentiometer usually has a
(a) single-phase winding
(b) two-phase winding
(c) three-phase winding
Ans: b
61. In an AC. co-ordinate potentiometer, the currents in the phase and quadrature
potentiometer are adjusted to be
(a) out of phase by 90
(6) out of phase by 60
(c) out of phase by 30
(d) out of phase by 0
(e) out of phase by 180
Ans: a
62. A universal RLC bridge uses

(a) Maxwell bridge configuration for measurement of inductance and De Santas bridge
for measurement of capacitance
(b) Maxwell Wein bridge for measurement of inductance and modified De Santy's
bridge for measurement of capacitance
(c) Maxwell Wein bridge for measurement of inductance and Wein bridge for
measurement of capacitance
(d) Any of the above.
Ans: b
63. For measurements on high voltage capacitors, the suitable bridge is

(a) Wein bridge
(b) Modified De Santy's bridge
(c) Schering bridge
Ans: c
64. In an Anderson bridge, the unknown inductance is measured in terms of

(a) known inductance and resistance
(b) known capacitance and resistance
(c) known resistance
(d) known inductance
Ans: b
65. Wagner earthing device is used to eliminate errors due to

(a) electrostatic coupling
(b) electromagnetic coupling
Ans: a
66. For measurement of mutual inductance we can use

(a) Anderson bridge
(b) Maxwell's bridge
(c) Heaviside bridge
Ans: c
67. For measurement of inductance having high value, we should use

(a) Maxwell's bridge
(b) Maxwell Wein bridge
(c) Hay's bridge
Ans: c
68. If the current in a capacitor leads the voltage by 80, the loss angle of the capacitor
is
(a) 10
(b) 80
(c) 120
(d) 170
Ans: a
69. In a Schering bridge the potential of the detector above earth potential is
(a) a few volts only
(6) 1 kV
(c) 5 kV
(d) 10 kV
Ans: a
70. To avoid the effect of stray magnetic field in A.C. bridges we can use
(a) magnetic screening
(b) Wagner earthing device
(c) wave filters
Ans: a
71. If an inductance is connected in one arm of bridge and resistances in the

remaining three arms
(a) the bridge can always be balanced
(b) the bridge cannot be balanced
(c) the bridge can be balanced if the resistances have some specific values
Ans: b
72. A power factor meter has

(a) one current circuit and two pressure circuits
(b) one current circuit and one pressure circuit
(c) two current circuits and one pressure circuit
Ans: a
73. The two pressure coils of a single phase power factor meter have
(a) the same dimensions and the same number of turns
(b) the same dimension but different number of turns
(c) the same number of turns but different dimensions
Ans: a
74. In a single phase power factor meter the phase difference between the currents in
the two pressure coils is
(a) exactly 0
(b) approximately 0
(c) exactly 90
(d) approximately 90
Ans: c
75. In a dynamometer 3-phase power factor meter, the planes of the two moving coils
are at
(a) 0
(b) 60
(c) 90
(d) 120
Ans: d
76. In a vibrating reed frequency meter the natural frequencies of two adjacent reeds
have a difference of
(a) 0.1 Hz
(b) 0.25 Hz
(c) 0.5 Hz
(d) 1.5 Hz
Ans: c
77. In a Weston frequency meter, the magnetic axes of the two fixed coils are
(a) parallel
(b) perpendicular
(c) inclined at 60
(d) inclined at 120
Ans: b
78. A Weston frequency meter is

(a) moving coil instrument
(b) moving iron instrument
Ans: b
79. A Weston synchronoscope is a

(a) moving coil instrument
(b) moving iron instrument
Ans: c
80. In a Weston synchronoscope, the fixed coils are connected across

(a) bus-bars
(b) incoming alternator
(c) a lamp
Ans: b
81. In Weston synchronoscope the moving coil is connected across

(a) bus-bars
(b) incoming alternator
(c) fixed coils
Ans: a
82. The power factor of a single phase load can be calculated if the instruments
available are
(a) one voltmeter and one ammeter
(b) one voltmeter, one ammeter and one wattmeter
(c) one voltmeter, one ammeter and one energy meter
Ans: b
83. The desirable static characteristics of a measuring system are

(a) accuracy and reproducibility
(b) accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility
(c) drift and dead zone
(d) static error
Ans: b
84. The ratio of maximum displacement deviation to full scale deviation of the
instrument is called
(a) static sensitivity
(b) dynamic deviation
(c) linearity
(d) precision or accuracy
Ans: c
85. Systematic errors are

(a) instrumental errors
(b) environmental errors
(c) observational errors
Ans: d
86. Standard resistor is made from

(a) platinum
(b) maganin
(c) silver
(d) nichrome
Ans: b
87. Commonly used standard capacitor is

(a) spherical type
(b) concentric cylindrical type
(c) electrostatic type
(d) multilayer parallel plate type
Ans: b
88. Operating torques in analogue instruments are

(a) deflecting and control
(b) deflecting and damping
(c) deflecting, control and damping
(d) vibration and balancing
Ans: c
89. Commonly used instruments in power system measurement are

(a) induction
(b) moving coil or iron
(c) rectifier
(d) electrostatic
Ans: a
90. Damping of the Ballistic galvanometer is made small to

(a) get first deflection large
(b) make the system oscillatory
(c) make the system critically damped
(d) get minimum overshoot
Ans: a
91. If an instrument has cramped scale for larger values, then it follows
(a) square law
(b) logarithmic law
(c) uniform law
Ans: b
92. Volt box is a component to

(a) extend voltage range
(6) measure voltage
(c) compare voltage in a box
Ans: a
93. E.m.f. of a Weston cell is accurately measured by

(a) electrostatic voltmeter
(b) hot wire voltmeter
(c) isothermal voltmeter
(d) electrodynamic voltmeter
Ans: a
94. The gravity controlled instrument has crowded scale because current is
proportional to
(a) balancing weight
(b) deflection angle
(c) sine of deflection angle
Ans: c
95. A sensitive galvanometer produces large deflection for a

(a) small value of current
(b) large value of current
(c) large value of power
(d) large value of voltage
Ans: a
96. A multirangq instrument has

(a) multiple shunt or series resistances inside the meter
(b) multicoii arrangement
(c) variable turns of coil
(d) multi range meters inside the measurement system
(e) any of the above
Ans: a
97. The rectifier instrument is not free from

(a) temperature error
(b) wave shape error
(c) frequency error
Ans: c
98. Alternating current is measured by

(a) induction ammeter
(b) permanent magnet type ammeter
(c) electrostatic ammeter
(d) moving iron repulsion type voltmeter
Ans: a
99. Most sensitive galvanometer is

(a) elastic galvanometer
(b) vibration galvanometer
(c) Duddlb galvanometer
(d) spot ballistic galvanometer
Ans: d
100. Instrument transformers are

(a) potential transformers
(b) current transformers
(d) power transformers
Ans: c
101. An instrument transformer is used to extend the range of

(a) induction instrument
(b) electrostatic instrument
(c) moving coil instrument
Ans: a
102. Wattmeter cannot be designed on the principle of

(a) electrostatic instrument
(b) thermocouple instrument
(c) moving iron instrument
(d) electrodynamic instrument
Ans: c
103. In an energy meter braking torque is produced to

(a) safe guard it against creep
(b) brake the instrument
(c) bring energy meter to stand still
(d) maintain steady speed and equal to driving torque
Ans: d
104. Various adjustments in an energy meter include

(a) light load or friction
(b) lag and creep
(c) overload and voltage compensation
(d) temperature compensation
Ans: e
105. The power of a n-phase circuit can be measured by using a minimum of

(a) (n - 1) wattmeter elements
(b) n wattmeter elements
(c) (n + 1) wattmeter elements
(d) 2n wattmeter elements
Ans: a
106. Two holes in the disc of energy meter are drilled at the opposite sides of the
spindle to
(a) improve its ventilation
(b) eliminate creeping at no load
(c) increase its deflecting torque
(d) increase its braking torque
Ans: b
107. Which of the following is measured by using a vector voltmeter ?

(a) Amplifier gain and phase shift
(b) Filler transfer functions
(c) Complex insersion loss
Ans: d
108. The principle on which vector voltmeter is based is

(a) that it works on the principle of complex variation
(b) that it measures the response of linear ramp voltage
(c) same as digital meter
(d) that it measures the amplitude of a single at two points and at the same time
measures their phase difference
Ans: d
109. To measure radio frequency, the suitable frequency meter is

(a) Weston frequency meter
(b) reed vibrator frequency meter
(c) heterodoxy frequency meter
(d) electrical resonance frequency meter
Ans: c
Control Systems
1. In an open loop control system

(a) Output is independent of control input
(b) Output is dependent on control input
(c) Only system parameters have effect on the control output
Ans: a
2. For open control system which of the following statements is incorrect ?

(a) Less expensive
(b) Recalibration is not required for maintaining the required quality of the output
(c) Construction is simple and maintenance easy
(d) Errors are caused by disturbances
Ans: b
3. A control system in which the control action is somehow dependent on the output is
known as
(a) Closed loop system
(b) Semiclosed loop system
(c) Open system
Ans: a
4. In closed loop control system, with positive value of feedback gain the overall gain
of the system will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) be unaffected
Ans: a
5. Which of the following is an open loop control system ?

(a) Field controlled D.C. motor
(b) Ward leonard control
(c) Metadyne
(d) Stroboscope
Ans: a
6. Which of the following statements is not necessarily correct for open control system
?
(a) Input command is the sole factor responsible for providing the control action
(b) Presence of non-linearities causes malfunctioning
(c) Less expensive
(d) Generally free from problems of non-linearities
Ans: b
7. In open loop system

(a) the control action depends on the size of the system
(b) the control action depends on system variables
(c) the control action depends on the input signal
(d) the control action is independent of the output
Ans: d
8 has tendency to oscillate.

(a) Open loop system
(b) Closed loop system
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
Ans: b
9. A good control system has all the following features except

(a) good stability
(b) slow response
(c) good accuracy
(d) sufficient power handling capacity
Ans: b
10. A car is raining at a constant speed of 50 km/h, which of the following is the
feedback element for the driver ?
(a) Clutch
(b) Eyes
(c) Needle of the speedometer
(d) Steering wheel
Ans: c
11. The initial response when tne output is not equal to input is called
(a) Transient response
(b) Error response
(c) Dynamic response
(d) Either of the above
Ans: a
12. A control system working under unknown random actions is called

(a) computer control system
(b) digital data system
(c) stochastic control system
(d) adaptive control system
Ans: c
13. An automatic toaster is a ______ loop control system.

(a) open
(b) closed
(c) partially closed
Ans: a
14. Any externally introduced signal affecting the controlled output is called a
(a) feedback
(b) stimulus
(c) signal
(d) gain control
Ans: b
15. A closed loop system is distinguished from open loop system by which of the
following ?
(a) Servomechanism
(b) Feedback
(c) Output pattern
(d) Input pattern
Ans: b
16 is a part of the human temperature control system.

(a) Digestive system
(b) Perspiration system
(c) Ear
(d) Leg movement
Ans: b
17. By which of the following the control action is determined when a man walks
along a path ?
(a) Brain
(b) Hands
(c) Legs
(d) Eyes
Ans: d
18 is a closed loop system.

(a) Auto-pilot for an aircraft
(6) Direct current generator
(c) Car starter
(d) Electric switch
Ans: a
19. Which of the following devices are commonly used as error detectors in
instruments ?
(a) Vernistats
(b) Microsyns
(c) Resolvers
Ans: d
20. Which of the following should be done to make an unstable system stable ?
(a) The gain of the system should be decreased
(b) The gain of the system should be increased
(c) The number of poles to the loop transfer function should be increased
(d) The number of zeros to the loop transfer function should be increased
Ans: b
21 increases the steady state accuracy.

(a) Integrator
(b) Differentiator
(c) Phase lead compensator
(d) Phase lag compensator
Ans: a
22. A.C. servomotor resembles

(a) two phase induction motor
(b) Three phase induction motor
(c) direct current series motor
(d) universal motor
Ans: a
23. As a result of introduction of negative feedback which of the following will not
decrease ?
(a) Band width
(b) Overall gain
(c) Distortion
(d) Instability
Ans: a
24. Regenerative feedback implies feedback with

(a) oscillations
(b) step input
(c) negative sign
(d) positive sign
Ans: d
25. The output of a feedback control system must be a function of

(a) reference and output
(b) reference and input
(e) input and feedback signal
(d) output and feedback signal
Ans: a
26 is an open loop control system.

(a) Ward Leonard control
(b) Field controlled D.C. motor
(c) Stroboscope
(d) Metadyne
Ans: b
27. A control system with excessive noise, is likely to suffer from

(a) saturation in amplifying stages
(b) loss of gain
(c) vibrations
(d) oscillations
Ans: a
28. Zero initial condition for a system means
(a) input reference signal is zero
(b) zero stored energy
(c) ne initial movement of moving parts
(d) system is at rest and no energy is stored in any of its components
Ans: d
29. Transfer function of a system is used to calculate which of the following ?

(a) The order of the system
(b) The time constant
(c) The output for any given input
(d) The steady state gain
Ans: c
30. The band width, in a feedback amplifier.

(a) remains unaffected
(b) decreases by the same amount as the gain increase
(c) increases by the sane saaaajajt as the gain decrease
(d) decreases by the same amount as the gain decrease
Ans: c
31. On which of the following factors does the sensitivity of a closed loop system to
gain changes and
load disturbances depend ?
(a) Frequency
(b) Loop gain
(c) Forward gain
Ans: d
32. The transient response, with feedback system,

(a) rises slowly
(b) rises quickly
(c) decays slowly
(d) decays quickly
Ans: d
33. The second derivative input signals modify which of the following ?
(a) The time constant of the system
(b) Damping of the system
(c) The gain of the system
(d) The time constant and suppress the oscillations
Ans: d
34. Which of the following statements is correct for any closed loop system ?
(a) All the co-efficients can have zero value
(6) All the co-efficients are always non-zero
(c) Only one of the static error co-efficients has a finite non-zero value
Ans: c
35. Which of the following statements is correct for a system with gain margin close to
unity or a phase margin close to zero ?
(a) The system is relatively stable
(b) The system is highly stable
(c) The system is highly oscillatory
Ans: c
36. Due to which of the following reasons excessive bond width in control systems
should be avoided ?
(a) It leads to slow speed of response
(b) It leads to low relative stability
(c) Noise is proportional to band width
Ans: c
37. In a stable control system backlash can cause which of the following ?
(a) Underdamping
(b) Overdamping
(c) Poor stability at reduced values of open loop gain
(d) Low-level oscillations
Ans: d
38. In an automatic control system which of the following elements is not used ?
(a) Error detector
(b) Final control element
(c) Sensor
(d) Oscillator
Ans: d
39. In a control system the output of the controller is given to

(a) final control element
(b) amplifier
(c) comparator
(d) sensor
Ans: a
40. A controller, essentially, is a

(a) sensor
(b) clipper
(c) comparator
(d) amplifier
Ans: c
41. Which of the following is the input to a controller ?

(a) Servo signal
(b) Desired variable value
(c) Error signal
(d) Sensed signal
Ans:
42. The on-off controller is a _____ system.

(a) digital
(b) linear
(c) non-linear
(d) discontinuous
Ans:
43. The capacitance, in force-current analogy, is analogous to

(a) momentum
(b) velocity
(c) displacement
(d) mass
Ans: d
44. The temperature, under thermal and electrical system analogy, is considered
analogous to
(a) voltage
(b) current
(c) capacitance
(d) charge
Ans: a
45. In electrical-pneumatic system analogy the current is considered analogous to

(a) velocity
(b) pressure
(c) air flow
(d) air flow rate
Ans: d
46. In liquid level and electrical system analogy, voltage is considered analogous to
(a) head
(b) liquid flow
(c) liquid flow rate
Ans: a
47. The viscous friction co-efficient, in force-voltage analogy, is analogous to

(a) charge
(b) resistance
(c) reciprocal of inductance
(d) reciprocal of conductance
Ans: b
48. In force-voltage analogy, velocity is analogous to

(a) current
(b) charge
(c) inductance
(d) capacitance
Ans: a
49. In thermal-electrical analogy charge is considered analogous to

(a) heat flow
(b) reciprocal of heat flow
(c) reciprocal of temperature
(d) temperature
Ans: d
50. Mass, in force-voltage analogy, is analogous to

(a) charge
(b) current
(c) inductance
(d) resistance
Ans: c
51. The transient response of a system is mainly due to

(a) inertia forces
(b) internal forces
(c) stored energy
(d) friction
Ans: c
52 signal will become zero when the feedback signal and reference signs are equal.
(a) Input
(b) Actuating
(c) Feedback
(d) Reference
Ans: b
53. A signal other than the reference input that tends to affect the value of controlled
variable is known
as
(a) disturbance
(b) command
(c) control element
(d) reference input
Ans: a
54. The transfer function is applicable to which of the following ?

(a) Linear and time-in variant systems
(b) Linear and time-variant systems
(c) Linear systems
(d) Non-linear systems
Ans: a
55. From which of the following transfer function can be obtained ?

(a) Signal flow graph
(b) Analogous table
(c) Output-input ratio
(d) Standard block system
Ans: a
56 is the reference input minus the primary feedback.

(a) Manipulated variable
(b) Zero sequence
(c) Actuating signal
(d) Primary feedback
Ans: c
57. The term backlash is associated with

(a) servomotors
(b) induction relays
(c) gear trains
Ans:
58. With feedback _____ increases.

(a) system stability
(b) sensitivity
(c) gain
(d) effects of disturbing signals
Ans: a
59. By which of the following the system response can be tested better ?
(a) Ramp input signal
(b) Sinusoidal input signal
(c) Unit impulse input signal
(d) Exponentially decaying signal
Ans: c
60. In a system zero initial condition means that

(a) The system is at rest and no energy is stored in any of its components
(b) The system is working with zero stored energy
(c) The system is working with zero reference signal
Ans: a
61. In a system low friction co-efficient facilitates

(a) reduced velocity lag error
(b) increased velocity lag error
(c) increased speed of response
(d) reduced time constant of the system
Ans: a
62. Hydraulic torque transmission system is analog of

(a) amplidyneset
(b) resistance-capacitance parallel circuit
(c) motor-generator set
Ans:
63. Spring constant in force-voltage analogy is analogous to

(a) capacitance
(b) reciprocal of capacitance
(c) current
(d) resistance
Ans: b
64. The frequency and time domain are related through which of the following?
(a) Laplace Transform and Fourier Integral
(b) Laplace Transform
(c) Fourier Integral
(d) Either (b) or (c)
Ans: a
65. An increase in gain, in most systems, leads to

(a) smaller damping ratio
(b) larger damping ratio
(c) constant damping ratio
Ans: a
66. Static error coefficients are used as a measure of the effectiveness of closed loop
systems for
specified ________ input signal.
(a) acceleration
(b) velocity
(c) position
Ans: d
67. A conditionally stable system exhibits poor stability at

(a) low frequencies
(b) reduced values of open loop gain
(c) increased values of open loop gain
Ans: b
68. The type 0 system has ______ at the origin.

(a) no pole
(b) net pole
(c) simple pole
(d) two poles
Ans: a

(a) no pole
(b) net pole
(c) simple pole
(d) two poles
Ans: c

(a) no net pole
(b) net pole
(c) simple pole
(d) two poles
Ans: d
71. The position and velocity errors of a type-2 system are

(a) constant, constant
(b) constant, infinity
(c) zero, constant
(d) zero, zero
Ans: c
72. Velocity error constant of a system is measured when the input to the system is
unit _______ function.
(a) parabolic
(b) ramp
(c) impulse
(d) step
Ans: b
73. In case of type-1 system steady state acceleration is

(a) unity
(b) infinity
(c) zero
(d) 10
Ans: b
74. If a step function is applied to the input of a system and the output remains below
a certain level for all the time, the system is
(a) not necessarily stable
(b) stable
(c) unstable
(d) always unstable
Ans: a
75. Which of the following is the best method for determining the stability and
transient response ?
(a) Root locus
(b) Bode plot
(c) Nyquist plot
Ans: a
76. Phase margin of a system is used to specify which of the following ?

(a) Frequency response
(b) Absolute stability
(c) Relative stability
(d) Time response
Ans: c
77. Addition of zeros in transfer function causes which of the following ?

(a) Lead-compensation
(b) Lag-compensation
(c) Lead-lag compensation
Ans: b
78. technique is not applicable to nonlinear system ?

(a) Nyquist Criterion
(b) Quasi linearization
(c) Functional analysis
(d) Phase-plane representation
Ans: a
79. In order to increase the damping of a badly underdamped system which of

following compensators may be used ?
(a) Phase-lead
(b) Phase-lag
(d) Either (a) and (b)
Ans: a
80. The phase lag produced by transportation relays

(a) is independent of frequency
(b) is inverseh'proportional to frequency
(c) increases linearly with frequency
(d) decreases linearly with frequency
Ans: c
81. In a stable control system saturation can cause which of the following ?
(a) Low-level oscillations
(b) High-level oscillations
(c) Conditional stability
(d) Overdamping
Ans:
82. Which of the following can be measured by the use of a tachogenerator ?

(a) Acceleration
(b) Speed
(c) Speed and acceleration
(d) Displacement
Ans: b
83 is not a final control element.

(a) Control valve
(b) Potentiometer
(c) Electropneumatic converter
(d) Servomotor
Ans: b
84. Which of the following is the definition of proportional band of a controller ?
(a) The range of air output as measured variable varies from maximum to minimum
(b) The range of measured variables from set value
(c) The range of measured variables through which the air output changes from
maximum to minimum
Ans: c
85. In pneumatic control systems the control valve used as final control element
converts
(a) pressure signal to electric signal
(b) pressure signal to position change
(c) electric signal to pressure signal
(d) position change to pressure signal
Ans: b
86. Pressure error can be measured by which of the following ?

(a) Differential bellows and straingauge
(b) Selsyn
(c) Strain gauge
(d) Strain gauge and potentiometer
Ans: a
87. Which of the following devices is used for conversion of co-ordinates ?

(a) Microsyn
(b) Selsyn
(c) Synchro-resolver
(d) Synchro-transformer
Ans: c
88. The effect of error damping is to

(a) provide larger settling lime
(b) delay the response
(c) reduce steady state error
Ans: c
89 technique gives quick transient and stability response

(a) Root locus
(b) Bode
(c) Nyquist
(d) Nichols
Ans: a
90. A phase lag lead network introduces in the output

(a) lag at all frequencies
(b) lag at high frequencies and lead at low frequencies
(c) lag at low frequencies and lead at high frequencies
Ans: c
91. Which of the following is the non-linearity caused by servomotor ?

(a) Static friction
(b) Backlash
(c) Saturation
Ans: c
92 can be extended to systems which are time-varying ?

(a) Bode-Nyquist stability methods
(b) Transfer functions
(c) Root locus design
(d) State model representatives
Ans: d
93. When the initial conditions of a system are specified to be zero it implies that the
system is
(a) at rest without any energy stored in it
(b) working normally with reference input
(c) working normally with zero reference input
(d) at rest but stores energy
Ans: d
94. Which of the following is an electromagnetically device ?

(a) Induction relay
(b) Thermocouple
(c) LVDT
Ans: c
95. A differentiator is usually not a part of a control system because it

(a) reduces damping
(b) reduces the gain margin
(c) increases input noise
(d) increases error
Ans: c
96. If the gain of the critical damped system is increased it will behave as
(a) oscillatory
(b) critically damped
(c) overdamped
(d) underdamped
Ans: d
97. In a control system integral error compensation _______ steady state error
(a) increases
(b) minimizes
(c) does not have any effect on
Ans: b
98. With feed back _____ reduces.

(a) system stability
(6) system gain
(c) system stability and gain
Ans: b
99. An amplidyne can give which of the following characteristics ?

(a) Constant current
(b) Constant voltage
(c) Constant current as well as constant voltage
(d) Constant current, constant voltage and constant power
Ans: d
100. Which of the following can be measured by LVDT?

(a) Displacement
(b) Velocity
(c) Acceleration
Ans: d
101 directly converts temperature into voltage.

(a) Thermocouple
(b) Potentiometer
(c) Gear train
(d) LVDT
Ans: a
102. The transfer function technique is considered as inadequate under which of the
following
conditions ?
(a) Systems having complexities and non-linearities
(b) Systems having stability problems
(c) Systems having multiple input disturbances
Ans: d
103. Which of the following is the output of a thermocouple ?

(a) Alternating current
(b) Direct current
(c) A.C. voltage
(d) D.C. voltage
Ans: d
104. A.C. servomotor is basically a

(a) universal motor
(b) single phase induction motor
(c) two phase induction motor
(d) three phase induction motor
Ans: c
105. The first order control system, which is well designed, has a
(a) small bandwidth
(b) negative time constant
(c) large negative transfer function pole
Ans: c
106. Which of the following is exhibited by Root locus diagrams ?

(a) The poles of the transfer function for a set of parameter values
(b) The bandwidth of the system
(c) The response of a system to a step input
(d) The frequency response of a system
Ans: a
Single Phase Induction Motors

1. In a split phase motor, the running winding should have
(a) high resistance and low inductance
(b) low resistance and high inductance
(c) high resistance as well as high inductance
(d) low resistance as well as low inductiance
Ans: b
2. If the capacitor of a single-phase motor is short-circuited

(a) the motor will not start
(b) the motor will run
(c) the motor will run in reverse direction
(d) the motor will run in the same direction at reduced r.p.m.
Ans: a
3. In capacitor start single-phase motors

(a) current in the starting winding leads the voltage
(b) current in the starting winding lags the voltage
(c) current in the starting winding is in phase with voltage in running winding
Ans: a
4. In a capacitor start and run motors the function of the running capacitor in series
with the auxiliary winding is to
(a) improve power factor
(b) increase overload capacity
(c) reduce fluctuations in torque
(d) to improve torque
Ans: a
5. In a capacitor start motor, the phase displacement between starting and running
winding can be nearly
(a) 10
(b) 30
(c) 60
(d) 90
Ans: d
6. In a split phase motor

(a) the starting winding is connected through a centrifugal switch
(b) the running winding is connected through a centrifugal switch
(c) both starting and running windings are connected through a centrifugal switch
(d) centrifugal switch is used to control supply voltage
Ans: a
7. The rotor developed by a single-phase motor at starting is

(a) more than i.he rated torque
(b) rated torque
(c) less than the rated torque
(d) zero
Ans: d
8. Which of the following motor will give relatively high starting torque ?
(a) Capacitor start motor
(b) Capacitor run motor
(c) Split phase motor
(d) Shaded pole motor
Ans: a
9. Which of the following motor will have relatively higher power factor ?
(a) Capacitor run motor
(b) Shaded pole motor
(c) Capacitor start motor
(d) Split phase motor
Ans: a
10. In a shaded pole motor, the shading coil usually consist of

(a) a single turn of heavy wire which is in parallel with running winding
(b) a single turn of heavy copper wire which is short-circuited and carries only
induced current
(c) a multilayer fine gauge copper wire in parallel with running winding
Ans: b
11. In a shaded pole single-phase motor, the revolving field is produced by the use of
(a) inductor
(b) capacitor
(c) resistor
(d) shading coils
Ans: d
12. A centrifugal switch is used to disconnect 'starting winding when motor has
(a) run for about 1 minute
(b) run for about 5 minutes
(c) picked up about 50 to 70 per cent of rated speed
(d) picked up about 10 to 25 per cent of rated speed
Ans: c
13. If a particular application needs high speed and high starting torque, then which of
the following motor will be
preferred ?
(a) Universal motor
(b) Shaded pole type motor
(d) Capacitor start and run motor
Ans: a
14. The value of starting capacitor of a fractional horse power motor will be
(a) 100 uF
(6) 200 uF
(c) 300 uF
(d) 400 uF
Ans: c
15. In repulsion motor direction of rotation of motor

(a) is opposite to that of brush shift
(b) is the same as that of brush shift
(c) is independent of brush shift
Ans: b
16. In a single phase motor the centrifugal switch

(a) disconnects auxiliary winding of the motor
(b) disconnects main winding of the motor
(c) reconnects the main winding the motor
(d) reconnects the auxiliary winding of the motor
Ans: a
17. The running winding of a single phase motor on testing with meggar is found to be
ground. Most probable location of the ground will be
(a) at the end connections
(b) at the end terminals
(c) anywhere on the winding inside a slot
(d) at the slot edge where coil enters or comes out of the slot
Ans: d
18. A capacitor-start single phase induction motor is switched on to supply with its
capacitor replaced by an inductor of equivalent reactance value. It will
(a) start and then stop
(b) start and run slowly
(c) start and run at rated speed
(d) not start at all
Ans: d
19. Which of the following motors is used in mixies ?

(a) Repulsion motor
(c) Hysteresis motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: d
20. Which of the following motors is inherently self starting ?

(a) Split motor
(b) Shaded-pole motor
(c) Reluctance motor
(d) None of these
Ans: b
21. The direction of rotation of an hysteresis motor is determined by

(a) interchanging the supply leads
(b) position of shaded pole with respect to main pole
(c) retentivity of the rotor material
(d) none of these
Ans: b
22. Burning out of windings is due to

(a) short circuited capacitor
(b) capacitor value hiving changed
(c) open circuiting of capacitor
Ans: a
23. Direction of rotation of a split phase motor can be reversed by reversing the
connection of
(a) running winding only
(b) starting winding only
Ans: c
24. Short-circuiter is used in

(a) repulsion induction motor
(b) repulsion motor
(c) repulsion start induction run motor
Ans: c
25. The range of efficiency for shaded pole motors is

(a) 95% to 99%
(b) 80% to 90%
(c) 50% to 75%
(d) 5% to 35%
Ans: d
26. In a capacitor start single-phase motor, when capacitor is replaced by a resistance

(a) torque will increase
(b) the motor will consume less power
(c) motor will run in reverse direction
(d) motor will continue to run in same direction
Ans: d
27. The power factor of a single-phase induction motor is usually
(a) lagging
(b) always leading
(c) unity
(d) unity to 0.8 leading
Ans: a
28. A shaded pole motor can be used for

(a) toys
(b) hair dryers
(c) circulators
Ans: d
29. A hysteresis motor works on the principle of

(a) hysteresis loss
(b) magnetisation of rotor
(c) eddy current loss
(d) electromagnetic induction
Ans: a
30. Which of the following motor will give the highest starting torque ?
(b) Schrage motor
(c) Repulsion start and induction run motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: b
31. For which of the applications a reluctance motor is preferred ?

(a) Electric shavers
(b) Refrigerators
(c) Signalling and timing devices
(d) Lifts and hoists
Ans: c
32. The motor used on small lathes is usually

(a) universal motor
(b) D.C. shunt motor
(c) single-phase capacitor run motor
(d) 3-phase synchronous motor
Ans: c
33. Which of the following motors is preferred for tape-recorders ?

(a) Shaded pole motor
(b) Hysteresis motor
(c) Two value capacitor motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: b
34. A single-phase induction motor is

(a) inherently self-starting with high torque
(b) inherently self-starting with low torque
(c) inherently non-self-starting with low torque
(d) inherently non-self-starting with high torque
Ans: c
35. A schrage motor can run on

(a) zero slip
(b) negative slip
(c) positive slip
Ans: d
36. A universal motor can run on

(a) A.C. only
(6) D.C. only
(c) either A.C. or D.C.
Ans: c
37. Which of the following single-phase motors is suitable for timing and control
purposes ?
(a) Reluctance motor
(b) Series motor
(c) Repulsion motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: a
38. Single phase induction motor usually operates on

(a) 0.6 power factor lagging
(b) 0.8 power factor lagging
(c) 0.8 power factor leading
(d) unity power factor
Ans: a
39. In split-phase motor auxiliary winding is of

(a) thick wire placed at the bottom of the slots
(b) thick wire placed at the top of the slots
(c) thin wire placed at the top of the slots
(d) thin wire placed at the bottom of the slots
Ans: c
40. Which of the following motors will operate at high power factor ?
(a) Shaped pole motor
(b) Split phase motor
(d) Capacitor run motor
Ans: d
41. In a two value capacitor motor, the capacitor used for running purposes is
(a) air capacitor
(b) paper spaced oil filled type
(c) ceramic type
(d) a.c. electrolytic type
Ans: b
42. Which of the following motors can be run on AC. as well as D.C. supply ?
(a) Universal motor
(b) Repulsion motor
(c) Synchronous motor
Ans: a
43. In A.C. series motor compensating winding is employed to

(a) reduce the effects of armature reaction
(b) increase the torque
(c) reduce sparking at the brushes
Ans: c
44. Which of the following single-phase induction motors is generally used in time
phonographs ?
(a) Resistance start
(b) Capacitor start capacitor run
(c) Shaded pole
(d) Universal
Ans: c
45. Which of the following motors has highest starting torque ?

(a) Repulsion motor
(b) Shaped pole motor
(c) Capacitor-start motor
(d) Split-phase motor
Ans: c
46. The repulsion-start induction-run motor is used because of

(a) good power factor
(b) high efficiency
(c) minimum cost
(d) high starting torque
Ans: d
47. In case of a shaded pole motor the direction of rotation of the motor is
(a) from main pole to shaded pole
(b) from shaded pole to main pole
(c) either of the above depending on voltage
(d) either of the above depending on power factor
Ans: a
48. In case of high speed universal motor which of the following needs more attention
?
(a) End play
(b) Air gap
(c) Insulation in rotor
(d) Balancing of rotor
Ans: d
49. The wattage rating for a ceiling fan motor will be in the range
(a) 200 to 250 W
(b) 250 to 500 W
(c) 50 to 150 W
(d) 10 to 20 W
Ans: c
50. The wattage of motor for driving domestic sewing machine will be around
(a) 100 to 150 W
(b) 40 to 75 W
(c) 10 to 30 W
(d) 5 to 10 W
Ans: a
51. Which of the following single-phase motors has relatively poor starting torque ?
(a) Universal motor
(b) Repulsion motor
(c) Capacitor motor
(d) All single phase motors have zero starting torque
Ans: c
52. Which type of load is offered by cranes and hoists ?

(a) Gradually varying load
(b) Non-reversing, no-load start
(c) Reversing, light start
(d) Reversing, heavy start
Ans: d
53. The speed of a universal motor is generally reduced by using
(a) gear trains
(b) V-belts
(c) brakes
(d) chains
Ans: a
54. Which of the following motors can be used for unity power factor ?
(a) Capacitor run motor
(b) Shaded pole motor
(d) Schrage motor
Ans: d
55. When a D.C. series motor is connected to A.C. supply, the power factor will be low
because of
(a) high inductance of field and armature circuits
(b) induced current in rotor due to variations of flux
(c) fine copper wire winding
Ans: a
56. The direction of rotation of universal motor can be reversed the by reversing the
flow of current through
(a) armature winding
(b) field winding
(c) either armature winding or field winding
Ans: c
57. In which single-phase motor, the rotor has no teeth or winding ?

(a) Split phase motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: c
58. Which motor is normally free from mechanical and magnetic vibrations ?
(a) Split phase motor
(b) Universal motor
(d) Shaded pole motor
Ans: c
59. As hysteresis motors are free from mechanical and magnetic vibrations therefore
these are considered as suitable for
(a) fans
(b) blowers
(c) sound equipment
(d) mixer grinders
Ans: c
60. A reluctance motor

(a) is self-starting
(b) is constant speed motor
(c) needs no D.C. excitation
Ans: d
61. In a hysteresis motor, the rotor must have

(a) retentivity
(b) resistivity
(c) susceptibility
Ans: a
62. The rotor of a hysteresis motor is made of

(a) aluminium
(b) cast iron
(c) chrome steel
(d) copper
Ans: c
63. The electric motor used in portable drills is

(a) capacitor run motor
(b) hysteresis motor
(c) universal motor
(d) repulsion motor
Ans: c
64. Which of the following applications always have some load whenever switched on
?
(a) Vacuum cleaners
(b) Fan motors
(c) Pistol drills
Ans: c
65. The speed control of universal motor used for sewing machines is by
(a) friction
(b) varying the resistance
(c) tapping the field
(d) centrifugal mechanism
Ans: b
66. Torque developed by a single phase induction motor at starting is

(a) pulsating
(b) uniform
(d) nil
Ans: d
67. In split phase motor main winding is of

(a) thin wire placed at the top of the slots
(b) thin wire placed at the bottom of the slots
(c) thick wire placed at the bottom of the slots
(d) thick wire placed at the top of the" slots
Ans: c
68. In repulsion motor, maximum torque is developed when

(a) brush axis is at 45 electrical to the field axis
(b) brush axis coincides with the field axis
(c) brush axis is at 90 electrical to the field axis
Ans: a
69. If the centrifugal switch does not open at 70 to 80 percent of synchronous speed of
motor, it would result in
(a) damage to the starting winding
(b) damage to the centrifugal switch
(c) overloading of running winding
Ans: a
70. Speed torque characteristic of a repulsion induction motor is similar to that of a

D.C.
(a) shunt motor
(b) series motor
(c) compound motor
(d) separately excited motor
Ans: c
71. In a ceilingfan employing capacitor run motor

(a) secondary winding surrounds the primary winding
(b) primary winding surrounds the secondary winding
(c) both are usual arrangements
Ans: a
72. The shaded pole motor is used for

(a) high starting torque
(b) low starting torque
(c) medium starting torque
(d) very high starting torque
Ans: b
73. The rotor slots, in an induction motor, are usually not quite parallel to the shaft
because it
(a) improves the efficiency
(b) helps the rotor teeth to remain under the stator teeth
(c) helps in reducing the tendency of the rotor teeth to remain under the stator teeth
(d) improves the power factor
Ans: c
74. The speed/load characteristics of a universal motor is same as that of

(a) A.C. motor
(c) D.C. series motor
Ans: c
75. The purpose of stator winding in the compensated repulsion motor is to

(a) provide mechanical balance
(b) improve power factor and provide better speed regulation
(c) prevent hunting in the motor
(d) eliminate armature reaction
Ans: b
76. Which of the following motors is used for unity power factor ?
(a) Hysteresis motor
(b) Schrage motor
(c) Universal motor
Ans: b
77. The motor used for the compressors is

(a) d.c. series motor
(b) shaded pole motor
(c) capacitor-start capacitor-run motor
(d) reluctance motor
Ans: c
78. Which of the following motors is used in a situation where load increases with
speed ?
(a) Induction motor
(b) Three-phase series motor
(c) Schrage motor
(d) Hysteresis motor
Ans: b
79. In repulsion motor, zero torque is developed when

(a) brush axis is 45 electrical to field axis
(b) brush axis coincides with the field axis
(c) brush axis is 90 electrical to field axis
Ans: d
80. Centrifugal switch disconnects the auxiliary winding of the motor at about ____
percent of synchronous speed
(a) 30 to 40
(b) 70 to 80
(c) 80 to 90
(d) 100
Ans: b
81. Starting winding of a single phase motor of a refrigerator is disconnected from the
circuit by means of a
(a) magnetic relay
(b) thermal relay
(c) centrifugal switch
Ans: a
82. If a single phase induction motor runs slower than normal, the most likely defect is
(a) worn bearings
(b) short-circuit in the winding
(c) open-circuit in the winding
Ans: a
83. Which of the following motors is used in tape-recorders ?

(a) Hysteresis motor
(c) Capacitor-run motor
(d) Universal motor
Ans: a
84. Which of the following statements regarding two value capacitor motor is
incorrect ?
(a) It is a reversing motor
(b) It is preferred to permanent-split single-value capacitor motor where frequent
reversals are required
(c) It has low starting as well as rushing currents
(d) It has high starting torque
Ans: b
85. Two-value capacitor motor finds increased application as compressor motor in

small home air-conditioners
because
(a) it is comparatively cheaper
(b) it has almost non-destructible capacitor
(c) it has low starting as well as running currents at relatively high power factor
(d) it is quiet in operation
Ans: c
86. If the centrifugal switch of a two-value capacitor motor using two capacitors fails
to open then
(a) motor will not come up to speed
(b) motor will not carry the load
(c) current drawn by the motor will be excessively high
(d) electrolytic capacitor will, in all probability, suffer break down
Ans: d
87. In a universal motor, the most common cause of brush sparking is

(a) open armature winding
(b) shorted armature winding
(c) shorted field winding"
(d) high commutator mica
Ans: e
88. If starting winding of a single-phase induction motor is left in the circuit, it will
(a) run faster
(b) spark at light loads
(c) draw excessive current and overheat
(d) run slower
Ans: c
89. Most of the fractional horsepower motors have either

(a) hard and annealed bearings
(b) ball or roller bearings
(c) soft and porous bearings
(d) plain or sleeve bearings
Ans: d
90. Which of the following statements regarding reluctance-start motor is incorrect ?
(a) It is similar to reluctance motor
(b) It is basically an induction motor and not a synchronous one
(c) So far as its basic working principle is concerned, it is similar to shaded pole motor
(d) the air-gap between rotor and salient poles is non- uniform
Ans: a
91. To reverse the direction of rotation of acapacitor start motor while it is running
we should
(a) disconnect motor from the supply till it stops then reconnect it to supply with
reversed connection of main or auxiliary winding
(b) disconnect motor from supply and immediately reconnect it to supply with
reversed connections of the main winding
(c) reverse the direction of connection of the auxiliary winding and after motor comes
to rest then connect auxiliary winding to the supply
(d) reverse the direction of connections of the auxiliary winding and immediately
connect it to supply
Ans: a
92. In case of a reluctance motor, when the load is increased so that it cannot maintain
synchronous speed the motor will
(a) become unstable
(b) draw excessive armature current and may burn out
(c) fall out of synchronism and come to stand still
(d) run as induction motor
Ans: d
93. Which of the following motors has two separate windings on the motor ?
(a) Repulsion motor
(b) Repulsion induction motor
(c) Repulsion start induction run motor
Ans: b
94. A shaded pole motor does not possess

(a) centrifugal switch
(b) capacitor
(c) commutator
Ans: d
95. In a A.C. series motor armature coils are usually connected to commutator
(a) through resistance
(b) through reactances
(c) through capacitors
(d) solidly
Ans: a
96. Which of the following statements regarding a reluctance motor is incorrect ?

(a) It cannot be reversed, ordinarily
(b) It requires no D.C. field excitation for its operation
(c) It is nothing else but a single-phase, salient pole synchronous-induction motor
(d) Its squirrel cage-rotor is of unsym-metrical magnetic construction in order to vary
reluctance path between stator and rotor
Ans: a
97. A universal motor is one which

(a) can be operated either on D.C. or A.C. supply at approximately the same speed and
output
(b) can be marketed internationally
(c) runs at dangerously high speed on no-load
Ans: a
98. A repulsion motor is equipped with

(a) slip rings
(b) commutator
Ans: b
99. The capacitors used in single-phase capacitor motors have no

(a) voltage rating
(b) dielectric medium
(c) polarity marking
(d) definite value
Ans: c
100. If a D.C. series motor is operated on A.C. supply, it will

(a) spark excessively
(b) have poor efficiency
(c) have poor power factor
Ans: d
101. After the starting winding of a single phase induction motor is disconnected from
supply, it continues to run only on
(a) running winding
(b) rotor winding
(c) field winding
(d) compensating winding
Ans: a
102. Which of the following statements regarding repulsion-start induction motor is
incorrect ?
(a) It requires more maintenance of commutator and other mechanical devices
(b) It makes quite a bit of noise on starting
(c) In fractional horse power motors, it has replaced the capacitor motors
(d) It is not easily reversed
Ans: c
103. A.C. series motor as compared to D.C. series motor has

(a) smaller brush width
(b) less number of field turns
(c) more number of armature turns
(d) less air gap
Ans: e
104. Locked rotor current of a shaded pole motor is

(a) equal to full load current
(b) less than full load current
(c) slightly more than full load current
(d) several times the full load current
Ans: c
105. Speed control of a universal motor is achieved by

(a) varying field flux with tapped field windings
(b) connecting rheostat in series
(c) applying variable voltage by means of silicon controlled rectifier
(d) applying variable voltage by means of variable auto-transformer
(e) all of the above methods
Ans: e
106. Hysteresis motor is particularly useful for high-quality record players and tape-
recorders because
(a) it revolves synchronously
(b) it is not subject to any magnetic or mechanical vibrations
(c) it can be easily manufactured in extremely small sizes of up to 1 W output
(d) it develops hysteresis torque which is extremely steady both in amplitude and
phase
Ans: d
107. Which of the following statements regarding hysteresis motor is in incorrect ?

(a) It is extremely sensitive to fluctuations in supply voltage
(b) Its high starting torque is due to its high rotor hysteresis loss
(c) It is extremely quiet in operation
(d) It accelerates from rest to full-speed almost instantaneously
Ans: a
23.108. Which of the following statements regarding single-phase induction motoris
correct ?
(a) It requires only one winding
(b) It can rotate in one direction only
(c) It is self-starting
(d) It is not self-starting
Ans: d
109. The starting winding of a single-phase motor is placed in

(a) armature
(b) field
(c) rotor
(d) stator
Ans: d
110. The speed of a universal motor is usually reduced by using

(a) gearing
(b) belts
(c) brakes
(d) chains
Ans: a
D.C. Generators
1. Laminations of core are generally made of
(a) case iron
(b) carbon
(c) silicon steel
(d) stainless steel
Ans: c
2. Which of the following could be lamina-proximately the thickness of laminations of

a D.C. machine ?
(a) 0.005 mm
(b) 0.05 mm
(c) 0.5 m
(d) 5 m
Ans: c
3. The armature of D.C. generator is laminated to

(a) reduce the bulk
(b) provide the bulk
(c) insulate the core
(d) reduce eddy current loss
Ans:
4. The resistance of armature winding depends on

(a) length of conductor
(b) cross-sectional area of the conductor
(c) number of conductors
Ans: d
5. The field coils of D.C. generator are usually made of

(a) mica
(b) copper
(c) cast iron
(d) carbon
Ans: b
6. The commutator segments are connected to the armature conductors by means of

(a) copper lugs
(b) resistance wires
(c) insulation pads
(d) brazing
Ans: a
7. In a commutator
(a) copper is harder than mica
(b) mica and copper are equally hard
(c) mica is harder than copper
Ans: c
8. In D.C. generators the pole shoes are fastened to the pole core by
(a) rivets
(b) counter sunk screws
(c) brazing
(d) welding
Ans: b
9. According to Fleming's right-hand rule for finding the direction of induced e.m.f.,
when middle finger points in the direction of induced e.m.f., forefinger will point in the
direction of
(a) motion of conductor
(b) lines of force
Ans: b
10. Fleming's right-hand rule regarding direction of induced e.m.f., correlates
(a) magnetic flux, direction of current flow and resultant force
(b) magnetic flux, direction of motion and the direction of e.m.f. induced
(c) magnetic field strength, induced voltage and current
(d) magnetic flux, direction of force and direction of motion of conductor
Ans: b
11. While applying Fleming's right-hand rule to And the direction of induced e.m.f., the
thumb points towards
(a) direction of induced e.m.f.
(b) direction of flux
(c) direction of motion of the conductor if forefinger points in the direction of
generated e.m.f.
(d) direction of motion of conductor, if forefinger points along the lines of flux
Ans: d
12. The bearings used to support the rotor shafts are generally
(a) ball bearings
(b) bush bearings
(c) magnetic bearmgs
(d) needle bearings
Ans: a
13. In D.C. generators, the cause of rapid brush wear may be

(a) severe sparking
(b) rough commutator surface
(c) imperfect contact
Ans: d
14. In lap winding, the number of brushes is always

(a) double the number of poles
(b) same as the number of poles
(c) half the number of poles
(d) two
Ans: b
15. For a D.C. generator when the number of poles and the number of armature
conductors is fixed, then which winding will give the higher e.m.f. ?
(a) Lap winding
(b) Wave winding
(c) Either of (a) and (b) above
(d) Depends on other features of design
Ans: b
16. In a four-pole D.C. machine
(a) all the four poles are north poles
(b) alternate poles are north and south
(c) all the four poles are south poles
(d) two north poles follow two south poles
Ans: b
17. Copper brushes in D.C. machine are used

(a) where low voltage and high currents are involved
(b) where high voltage and small cur-rents are involved
(c) in both of the above cases
(d) in none of the above cases
Ans: a
18. A separately excited generator as compared to a self-excited generator

(a) is amenable to better voltage control
(b) is more stable
(c) has exciting current independent of load current
(d) has all above features
Ans: d
19. In case of D.C. machines, mechanical losses are primary function of

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) speed
(d) none of above
Ans: c
20. Iron losses in a D.C. machine are independent of variations in

(a) speed
(b) load
(c) voltage
(d) speed and voltage
Ans: b
21. In D.C. generators, current to the external circuit from armature is given through
(a) commutator
(b) solid connection
(c) slip rings
(d) none of above
Ans: a
23. Brushes of D.C. machines are made of

(a) carbon
(b) soft copper
(c) hard copper
(d) all of above
Ans: a
24. If B is the flux density, I the length of conductor and v the velocity of conductor,
then induced e.m.f. is given by
(a)Blv
(b)Blv2
(c)Bl2v
(d)Bl2v2
Ans: a
25. In case of a 4-pole D.C. generator provided with a two layer lap winding with
sixteen coils, the pole pitch will be
(a) 4
(b) 8
(c) 16
(d) 32
Ans: b
26. The material for commutator brushes is generally

(a) mica
(b) copper
(c) cast iron
(d) carbon
Ans: d
27. The insulating material used between the commutator segments is normally
(a) graphite
(b) paper
(c) mica
(d) insulating varnish
Ans: c
28. In D.C. generators, the brushes on commutator remain in contact with conductors
which
(a) lie under south pole
(b) lie under north pole
(c) lie under interpolar region
(d) are farthest from the poles
Ans: c
29. If brushes of a D.C. generator are moved in order to bring these brushes in
magnetic neutral axis, there will be
(a) demagnetisation only
(b) cross magnetisation as well as magnetisation
(c) crossmagnetisation as well as demagnetising
(d) cross magnetisation only
Ans: c
30. Armature reaction of an unsaturated D.C. machine is

(a) crossmagnetising
(b) demagnetising
(c) magnetising
(d) none of above
Ans: a
31. D.C. generators are connected to the busbars or disconnected from them only
under the floating condition
(a) to avoid sudden loading of the primemover
(b) to avoid mechanicaljerk to the shaft
(c) to avoid burning of switch contacts
(d) all above
Ans: d
32. Eddy currents are induced in the pole shoes of a D.C. machine due to
(a) oscillating magnetic field
(b) pulsating magnetic flux
(c) relative rotation between field and armature
(d) all above
Ans: c
33. In a D.C. machine, short-circuited field coil will result in

(a) odour of barning insulation
(b) unbalanced magnetic pull producing vibrations
(c) reduction of generated voltage for which excitation has to be increased to
maintain the voltage
(d) all above
Ans:
34. Equilizer rings are required in case armature is

(a) wave wound
(b) lap wound
(c) delta wound
(d) duplex wound
Ans: b
35. Welding generator will have

(a) lap winding
(b) wave winding
(c) delta winding
(d) duplex wave winding
Ans: a
36. In case of D.C. machine winding, number of commutator segments is equal to
(a) number of armature coils
(b) number of armature coil sides
(c) number of armature conductors
(d) number of armature turns
Ans: a
37. For a D.C. machines laboratory following type of D.C. supply will be suitable
(a) rotary converter
(b) mercury are rectifier
(c) induction motor D.C. generator set
(d) synchronous motor D.C. generator set
Ans: c
38. The function of pole shoes in the case of D.C. machine is

(a) to reduce the reluctance of the magnetic path
(b) to spread out the flux to achieve uniform flux density
(c) to support the field coil
(d) to discharge all the above functions
Ans: d
39. In the case of lap winding resultant pitch is

(a) multiplication of front and back pitches
(b) division of front pitch by back pitch
(c) sum of front and back pitches
(d) difference of front and back pitches
Ans: d
40. A D.C. welding generator has

(a) lap winding
(b) wave moving
(c) duplex winding
Ans: a
41. Which of the following statement about D.C. generators is false ?

(a) Compensating winding in a D.C. machine helps in commutation
(b) In a D. C. generator interpoles winding is connected in series with the armature
winding
(c) Back pitch and front pitch are both odd and approximately equal to the pole pitch
(d) Equilizing bus bars are used with parallel running of D.C. shunt generators
Ans: d
42. The demagnetising component of armature reaction in a D.C. generator

(a) reduces generator e.m.f.
(b) increases armature speed
(c) reduces interpoles flux density
(d) results in sparking trouble
Ans: a
43. Magnetic field in a D.C. generator is produced by

(a) electromagnets
(b) permanent magnets
Ans: a
44. The number of brushes in a commutator depends on

(a) speed of armature
(b) type of winding
(c) voltage
(d) amount of current to be collected
Ans: d
45. Compensating windings are used in D.C. generators

(a) mainly to reduce the eddy currents by providing local short-circuits
(b) to provide path for the circulation of cooling air
(c) to neutralise the cross-magnetising effect of the armature reaction
Ans: c
46. Which of the following components of a D.C, generator plays vital role for
providing direct current of a D.C. generator ?
(a) Dummy coils
(b) Commutator
(c) Eye bolt
(d) Equilizer rings
Ans: b
47. In a D.C. generator the ripples in the direct e.m.f. generated are reduced by
(a) using conductor of annealed copper
(b) using commutator with large number of segments
(c) using carbon brushes of superior quality
(d) using equiliser rings
Ans: c
48. In D.C. generators, lap winding is used for

(a) high voltage, high current
(b) low voltage, high current
(c) high voltage, low current
(d) low voltage, low current
Ans: b
49. Two generators A and B have 6-poles each. Generator A has wave wound armature
while generator B has lap wound armature. The ratio of the induced e.m.f. is generator
A and B will be
(a) 2 : 3
(b) 3 : 1
(c) 3 : 2
(d) 1 : 3
Ans: b
50. The voltage drop for which of the following types of brush can be expected to be
least ?
(a) Graphite brushes
(b) Carbon brushes
(c) Metal graphite brushes
Ans: c
51. The e.m.f. generated by a shunt wound D.C. generator isE. Now while pole flux
remains constant, if the speed of the generator is doubled, the e.m.f. generated will be
(a) E/2
(b) 2E
(c) slightly less than E
(d) E
Ans: b
52. In a D.C. generator the actual flux distribution depends upon

(a) size of air gap
(b) shape of the pole shoe
(c) clearance between tips of the adjacent pole shoes
Ans:
53. The armature core of a D.C. generator is usually made of

(a) silicon steel
(b) copper
(c) non-ferrous material
(d) cast-iron
Ans: a
9.63. Satisfactory commutation of D.C. machines requires

(a) brushes should be of proper grade and size
(b) brushes should smoothly run in the holders
(c) smooth, concentric commutator properly undercut
Ans: d
54. Open circuited armature coil of a D.C. machine is

(a) identified by the scarring of the commutator segment to which open circuited coil
is connected
(b) indicated by a spark completely around the commutator
Ans: c
55. In a D.C. machine, fractional pitch winding is used

(a) to increase the generated voltage
(b) to reduce sparking
(c) to save the copper because of shorter end connections
(d) due to (b) and (c) above
Ans:
56. For the parallel operation of two or more D.C. compound generators, we should
ensure that
(a) voltage of the incoming generator should be same as that of bus bar
(b) polarity of incoming generator should be same as that of bus bar
(c) all the series fields should be run in parallel by means of equilizer connection
(d) series fields of all generators should be either on positive side or negative side of
the armature
(e) all conditions mentioned above should be satisfied
Ans: d
57. D.C. series generator is used

(a) to supply traction load
(b) to supply industrial load at constant voltage
(c) voltage at the toad end of the feeder
(d) for none of the above purpose
Ans: c
58. Following D.C. generator will be in a position to build up without any residual
magnetism in the poles
(a) series generator
(b) shunt generator
(c) compound generator
(d) self-excited generator
Ans: d
59. Interpole flux should be sufficient to

(a) neutralise the commutating self induced e.m.f.
(b) neutralise the armature reaction flux
(c) neutralise both the armature reaction flux as well as commutating e.m.f. induced in
the coil
(d) perform none of the above functions
Ans: c
60. D.C. generator generally preferred for charging automobile batteries is

(a) series generator
(b) shunt generator
(c) long shunt compound generator
(d) any of'the above
Ans: c
61. In a D.C. generator the number of mechanical degrees and electrical degrees will
be the same when
(a) r.p.m. is more than 300
(b) r.p.m. is less than 300
(c) number of poles is 4
(d) number of poles is 2
Ans: d
62. Permeance is the reciprocal of

(a) flux density
(b) reluctance
(c) ampere-turns
(d) resistance
Ans: b
63. In D.C. generators the polarity of the interpoles

(a) is the same as that of the main pole ahead
(b) is the same as that of the immediately preceding pole
(c) is opposite to that of the main pole ahead
(d) is neutral as these poles do not play part in generating e.m.f.
Ans: a
64. The e.m.f. generated in a D.C. generator is directly proportional to

(a) flux/pole
(b) speed of armature
(c) number of poles
Ans: b
65. In a D.C. generator the magnetic neutral axis coincides with the geometrical
neutral axis, when
(a) there is no load on|he generator
(b) the generator runs on full load
(c) the generator runs on overload
(d) the generator runs on designed speed
Ans: a
66. In a D.C. generator in order to reduce sparking at brushes, the self-induced e.m.f. in
the coil is neutralised by all of the following except
(a) interpoles
(b) dummy coils
(c) compensating winding
(d) shifting of axis of brushes
Ans: b
67. In D.C. generators on no-load, the air gap flux distribution in space is
(a) sinusoidal
(b) triangular
(c) pulsating
(d) flat topped
Ans: d
68. A shunt generator running at 1000 r.p.m. has generated e.m.f. as 200 V. If the
speed increases to 1200 r.p.m., the generated e.m.f. will be nearly
(a) 150 V
(b) 175 V
(c) 240 V
(d) 290 V
Ans: c
69. The purpose of providing dummy coils in a generator is

(a) to reduce eddy current losses
(b) to enhance flux density
(c) to amplify voltage
(d) to provide mechanical balance for the rotor
Ans: d
70. In a shunt generator the voltage build up is generally restricted by

(a) speed limitation
(b) armature heating
(c) insulation restrictions
(d) saturation of iron
Ans:
71. If a D.C. generator fails to build up the probable cause could not be
(a) imperfect brush contact
(b) field resistance less than the critical resistance
(c) no residual magnetism in the generator
(d) faulty shunt connections tending to reduce the residual magnetism
Ans: b
72. Flashing the field of D.C. generator means
(a) neutralising residual magnetism
(b) creating residual magnetism by a D.C. source
(c) making the magnetic losses of forces parallel
(d) increasing flux density by adding extra turns of windings on poles
Ans: b
73. The e.m.f. induced in the armature of a shunt generator is 600 V. The armature
resistance is 0.1 ohm. If the armature current is 200 A, the terminal voltage will be
(a) 640 V
(b) 620 V
(c) 600 V
(d) 580 V
Ans: d
74. In a D.C. generator the critical resistance refers to the resistance of

(a) brushes
(b) field
(c) armature
(d) load
Ans: b
75. To achieve sparkless commutation brushes of a D.C. generator are rockedm ahead
so as to bring them
(a) just ahead of magnetic neutral axis
(b) in magnetic neutral axis
(c) just behind the magnetic neutral axis
Ans: a
76. Armature coil is short circuited by brushes when it lies

(a) along neutral axis
(b) along field axis
(c) in any of the above positions
(d) in none of the above positions
Ans: a
77. A cumulatively compounded long shunt generator when operating as a motor

would be
(a) cumulatively compounded long shunt
(b) differentially compounded long shunt
(c) cumulatively compounded short shunt
(d) differentially compounded short shunt
Ans: b
78. To avoid formation of grooves in the commutator of a D.C. machine

(a) the brushes of opposite polarity should track each other
(b) the brushes of same polarity should track each other
(c) brush position has no effect on the commutator grooving
Ans: a
79. The following constitute short-circuit in the armature winding.

(a) Insulation failure between two commutator bars
(6) Insulation failure between two turns of a coil
(c) Two of more turns of the same coil getting grounded
Ans: d
80. The rapid wear of brushes takes place due to

(a) abrasion from dust
(b) excessive spring pressure
(c) rough commutator bars
(d) high mica insulation between com-mutation bars
(e) all of the above factors
Ans: e
81. Number of tappings for each equilizer ring is equal to

(a) number of pole pairs
(b) number of poles
(c) number of parallel paths
(d) number of commutator segments
Ans: a
82. A D.C. generator can be considered as

(a) rectifier
(b) primemover
(c) rotating amplifier
(d) power pump
Ans: c
83. In any rotating machine that part which houses the conductors and in which e.m.f.
induced is to be utilised is called
(a) rotor
(b) stator
(c) field
(d) armature
Ans: d
84. In a D.C. machine stray loss is the sum of

(a) total copper loss and mechanical loss
(b) armature copper loss and iron loss
(c) shunt field copper loss and mechanical loss
(d) iron loss and mechanical loss
Ans: d
85. Lap winding is composed of

(a) any even number of conductors
(b) any odd number of conductors
(c) that even number which is exact multiple of poles + 2
(d) that even number which is exact multiple of poles
Ans: a
86. In a D.C. generator in case the resistance of the field winding is increased, then
output voltage will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain unaffected
(d) fluctuate heavily
Ans: b
87. An exciter for a turbo generator is a

(a) separately excited generator
(b) shunt generator
(c) series generator
(d) compound generator
Ans: b
88. In case of a flat compounded generator

(a) voltage generated is less than the rated voltage
(b) generated voltage is proportional to the load on the generator
(c) voltage remains constant irrespective of the load
(d) speed varies in proportion to the load on the generator
Ans: c
89. Which of the following generator will have negligible terminal voltage while
running on no-load ?
(a) Series generator
(b) Shunt generator
(c) Compound generator
(d) Separately excited generator
Ans: a
90. Which of the following D.C. generators will be in a position to build up without any
residual magnetism in the poles ?
(b) Shunt generator
(c) Compound generator
Ans:
91. In over compounded generator, full load terminal voltage is
(a) almost zero
(b) less than no load terminal voltage
(c) more than no load terminal voltage
(d) equal to no-load terminal voltage
Ans: c
92. In a level compounded D.C. generator, full load terminal voltage is

(a) negligibly low
(b) equal to no-load terminal voltage
(c) more than no-load terminal voltage
(d) less than no-load terminal voltage
Ans: b
93. The terminal voltage of a D.C. shunt generator drops on load because of all of the
following reasons except
(a) armature reaction
(b) armature resistance drop
(c) field weakening due to armature reaction and armature
(d) commutation
Ans: d
94. In a D.C. generator

(a) external resistance = internal char-acteristic - armature reaction
(b) internal characteristic = magnetisation characteristic - ohmic drop
(c) external characteristic = magnetisation characteristic - ohmic drop - armature
reaction
(d) magnetisation characteristic = external characteristic
Ans: c
95. A sinusoidal voltage of 5 Hz is applied to the field of a shunt generator. The

armature voltage wave
(a) will be zero
(b) will be of 5 Hz
(c) will be of 5 xiVHz
(d) will be of v Hz 5
Ans: b
96. A 220 V D.C. generator is run at full speed without any excitation. The open circuit
voltage will be
(a) zero
(b) about 2 V
(c) about 50 V
(d) 220 V
Ans: b
97. In a separately excited generator supplying rated load the armature reaction ,
(a) is always present
(b) is always absent
(c) may be sometimes present
Ans: a
98. If residual magnetism is present in a D.C. generator, the induced e.m.f. at zero
speed will be
(a) zero
(b) small
(c) the same as rated voltage
(d) high
Ans: a
99. Armature reaction in a generator results in

(a) demagnetisation of leading pole tip and magnetisation of trailing pole tip
(b) demagnetisation of trailing pole tip and magnetisation of leading pole tip
(c) damagnetising the center of all poles
(d) magnetising the center of all poles
Ans: a
100. Following energized winding of a D.C. machine should not be opened as it would
produce high inductive voltage which may be dangerous to personnel and may cause
its own insulation failure.
(a) Series field
(b) Compensating field
(c) Inter pole field
(d) Shunt field
Ans:
101. Wave winding is composed of

(a) any even number of conductors
(b) any odd number of conductors
(c) that even number which is exact multiple of poles + 2
(d) that even number which is exact multiple of poles
Ans: c
102. The critical resistance of the D.C. generator is the resistance of

(a) field
(b) brushes
(c) armature
(d) load
Ans: a
103. When two D.C. series generators are running in parallel, an equilizer bar is used
(a) to increase the speed and hence generated e.m.f.
(b) to increase the series flux
(c) so that two similar machines will pass approximately equal currents to the load
(d) to reduce the combined effect of ar-mature reaction of both machines
Ans: c
104. Which of the following generating machine will offer constant voltage on all loads
?
(a) Self-excited generator
(b) Separately excited generator
(c) Level compounded generator .
Ans: c
105. Which of the following generators will be preferred if they are required to be run
in parallel ?
(a) Shunt generators
(b) Series generators
(c) Compound generators
Ans: a
106. Two generators are running in parallel. One of the generators may run as motor
for which of the following reasons ?
(a) The direction of that generator is reversed
(b) The speed of that generator is increased
(c) The field of that generator is weakened
(d) That generator takes large share of loads
Ans: d
107. A D.C. generator works on the principle of

(a) Lenz's law
(b) Ohm's law
(c) Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction
Ans: c
108. A series generator can self-excite

(a) only if the load current is zero
(b) only if the load current is not zero
(c) irrespective of the value of load current
Ans: b
109. A shunt generator can self-excite

(a) only if the resistance of the field circuit is less than critical value
(b) only if the resistance of the field circuit is greater than critical value
(c) irrespective of the value of the resistance in the field circuit
Ans: a
110. The terminal voltage of a series generator is 150 V when the load current is 5 A. If
the load current is increased to 10 A, the terminal voltage will be
(a) 150 V
(b) less than 150 V
(c) greater than 150 V
Ans: c
111. The open circuit voltage of a compound generator is 250 V. At full load the
terminal voltage
(a) will be less than 250 V
(b) will always be 250 V
(c) may be greater or less than 250 V
Ans: c
112. Two D.C. shunt generators, each with armature resistance of 0.02 ohm and field
resistance of 50 ohm run in parallel and supply a total current of 1000 amperes to the
load circuit. If their e.m.fs. are 270 V and 265 V, their bus bar voltage will be
(a) 270 V
(b) 267.5 V
(c) 265 V
(d) 257.4 V
Ans: b
113. The essential condition for parallel operation of two D.C. generators is that they
have '
(a) same kW rating
(b) the same operation r.p.m.
(c) the same drooping voltage characteristics
(d) same percentage regulation
Ans: c
114. When two D.C. generators are running in parallel an equilizer bar is used
(a) to increase the series flux
(b) to increase the generated e.m.f.
(c) to reduce the combined effect of ar-mature reaction of both the machines
(d) so that the two identical machines will pass approximately equal currents to the
load
Ans: d
115. With a D.C. generator which of the following regulation is preferred ?
(a) 100% regulation
(b) infinite regulation
(c) 50% regulation
(d) 1% regulation
Ans: d
116. Which generator would you prefer for feeding long D.C. transmission lines ?
(b) Shunt generator
(c) Over compound generator
(d) Flat compound generator
Ans: c
117. In a D.C. generator the critical resistance can be increased by

(a) increasing its field resistance
(b) decreasing its field resistance
(c) increasing its speed
(d) decreasing its speed
Ans: c
118. The number of armature parallel paths in a two-pole D.C. generator having
duplex lap winding is
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Ans: b
119. For both lap and wave windings, there are as many commutator bars as the
number of
(a) slots
(b) armature conductors
(c) winding elements
(d) poles
Ans: c
120. The series field of a short-shunt D.C. generator is excited by

(a) external current
(b) armature current
(c) shunt current
(d) load current
Ans: d
121. As a result of armature reaction, the reduction in the total mutual air gap flux in a
D.C. generator is approximately
(a) 40 percent
(b) 25 percent
(c) 10 percent
(d) 5 percent
Ans: d
122. Shunt generators are most suited for stable parallel operation because of their
(a) rising voltage characteristics
(b) identical voltage characteristics
(c) drooping voltage characteristics
(d) linear voltage characteristics
Ans: c
123. The main factor which leads to unstable parallel operation of flat and over
compounded generators is
(a) their rising voltage characteristics
(b) unequal number of turns in their series field windings
(c) unequal speed regulation of their primemovers
(d) unequal series field resistances
Ans: a
124. If a self excited D.C. generator after being installed, fails to build up on its first
trial run, the first thing to do is to
(a) reverse the field connections
(b) increase the field resistance
(c) increase the speed of primemover
(d) check armature insulation resistance
Ans: a
D.C. Motors
1. No-load speed of which of the following motor will be highest ?
(a) Shunt motor
(b) Series motor
(c) Cumulative compound motor
(d) Differentiate compound motor
Ans: b
2. The direction of rotation of a D.C. series motor can be changed by

(a) interchanging supply terminals
(b) interchanging field terminals
(c) either of (a) and (b) above
Ans: b
3. Which of the following application requires high starting torque ?
(a) Lathe machine
(b) Centrifugal pump
(c) Locomotive
(d) Air blower
Ans: c
4. If a D.C. motor is to be selected for conveyors, which rriotor would be preferred ?

(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(c) Differentially compound motor
(d) Cumulative compound motor
Ans: a
5. Which D.C. motor will be preferred for machine tools ?

(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(c) Cumulative compound motor
(d) Differential compound motor
Ans: b
6. Differentially compound D.C. motors can find applications requiring

(a) high starting torque
(b) low starting torque
(c) variable speed
(d) frequent on-off cycles
Ans: b
7. Which D.C. motor is preferred for elevators ?

(a) Shunt motor
(b) Series motor
(c) Differential compound motor
Ans: d
8. According to Fleming's left-hand rule, when the forefinger points in the direction of
the field or flux, the middle finger will point in the direction of
(a) current in the conductor aovtaat of conductor
(c) resultant force on conductor
Ans: a
9. If the field of a D.C. shunt motor gets opened while motor is running
(a) the speed of motor will be reduced %
(b) the armature current will reduce
(c) the motor will attain dangerously high speed 1
(d) the motor will continue to nuvat constant speed
Ans: c
10. Starters are used with D.C. motors because

(a) these motors have high starting torque
(b) these motors are not self-starting
(c) back e.m.f. of these motors is zero initially
(d) to restrict armature current as there is no back e.m.f. while starting
Ans: d
11. In D.C. shunt motors as load is reduced

(a) the speed will increase abruptly
(b) the speed will increase in proportion to reduction in load
(c) the speed will remain almost/constant
(d) the speed will reduce
Ans: c
12. A D.C. series motor is that which

(a) has its field winding consisting of thick wire and less turns
(b) has a poor torque
(c) can be started easily without load
(d) has almost constant speed
Ans: a
13. For starting a D.C. motor a starter is required because

(a) it limits the speed of the motor
(b) it limits the starting current to a safe value
(c) it starts the motor
Ans: b
14. The type of D.C. motor used for shears and punches is
(a) shunt motor
(b) series motor
(c) differential compoutid D.C. motor
(d) cumulative compound D.C. motor
Ans: d
15. If a D.C. motor is connected across the A.C. supply it will

(a) run at normal speed
(b) not run
(c) run at lower speed
(d) burn due to heat produced in the field winding by .eddy currents
Ans: d
16. To get the speed of D.C, motor below the normal without wastage of electrical
energy is used.
(a) Ward Leonard control
(b) rheostatic control
(c) any of the above method
(d) none of the above method
Ans: a
17. When two D.C. series motors are connected in parallel, the resultant speed is
(a) more than the normal speed
(b) loss than the normal speed
(c) normal speed
(d) zero
Ans: c
18. The speed of a D.C. shunt motor more than its full-load speed can be obtained by
(a) decreasing the field current
(b) increasing the field current
(c) decreasing the armature current
(d) increasing the armature current
Ans: a
19. In a D.C. shunt motor, speed is

(a) independent of armature current
(b) directly proportional to the armature current
(c) proportional to the square of the current
(d) inversely proportional to the armature current
Ans: a
20. A direct on line starter is used: for starting motors

(a) up to 5 H.P.
(b) up to 10 H.P.
(c) up to 15 H.P.
(d) up to 20 H.P.
Ans: a
21. What will happen if the back e.m.f. of a D.C. motor vanishes suddenly?
(a) The motor will stop
(b) The motor will continue to run
(c) The armature may burn
(d) The motor will run noisy
Ans: c
22. In case of D.C. shunt motors the speed is dependent on back e.m.f. only because
(a) back e.m.f. is equal to armature drop
(b) armature drop is negligible
(c) flux is proportional to armature current
(d) flux is practically constant in D:C. shunt motors
Ans: d
23. In a D.C. shunt motor, under the conditions of maximum power, the current in the
armature will be
(a) almost negligible
(b) rated full-load current
(c) less than full-load current
(d) more than full-load current
Ans: d
24. These days D.C. motors are widely used in

(a) pumping sets
(b) air compressors
(c) electric traction
(d) machine shops
Ans: c
25. By looking at which part of the motor, it can be easily confirmed that a particular
motor is D.C. motor?
(a) Frame
(b) Shaft
(c) Commutator
(d) Stator
Ans: c
26. In which of the following applications D.C. series motor is invariably tried?
(a) Starter for a car
(b) Drive for a water pump
(c) Fan motor
(d) Motor operation in A.C. or D.C.
Ans: a
27. In D.C. machines fractional pitch winding is used

(a) to improve cooling
(b) to reduce copper losses
(c) to increase the generated e.m.f.
(d) to reduce the sparking
Ans: d
28. A three point starter is considered suitable for

(a) shunt motors
(b) shunt as well as compound motors
(c) shunt, compound and series motors
(d) all D.C. motors
Ans: b
29. In case-the conditions for maximum power for a D.C. motor are established, the
efficiency of the motor will be
(a) 100%
(b) around 90%
(c) anywhere between 75% and 90%
(d) less than 50%
Ans: d
30. The ratio of starting torque to full-load torque is least in case of

(a) series motors
(b) shunt motors
(c) compound motors
Ans: b
32. In D.C. motor which of the following can sustain the maximum temperature rise?
(a) Slip rings
(b) Commutator
(c) Field winding
(d) Armature winding
Ans: c
33. Which of the following law/rule can he used to determine the direction of rotation
of D.C. motor ?
(a) Lenz's law
(b) Faraday's law
(c) Coloumb's law
(d) Fleming's left-hand rule
Ans: d
34. Which of the following load normally needs starting torque more than the rated
torque?
(a) Blowers
(b) Conveyors
(c) Air compressors
(d) Centrifugal pumps
Ans: b
35. The starting resistance of a D.C. motor is generally

(a) low
(b) around 500 Q
(c) 1000 Q
(d) infinitely large
Ans: a
36. The speed of a D.C. series motor is
(a) proportional to the armature current
(b) proportional to the square of the armature current
(c) proportional to field current
(d) inversely proportional to the armature current
Ans: d
37. In a D.C. series motor, if the armature current is reduced by 50%, the torque of the
motor will be equal
to
(a) 100% of the previous value
(b) 50% of the previous value
(c) 25% of the previous value
(d) 10% of the previous value
Ans: c
38. The current drawn by the armature of D.C. motor is directly proportional to
(a) the torque required
(b) the speed of the motor
(c) the voltage across the terminals
Ans: a
39. The power mentioned on the name plate of an electric motor indicates
(a) the power drawn in kW
(b) the power drawn in kVA
(c) the gross power
(d) the output power available at the shaft
Ans: d
40. Which D.C. motor has got maximum self loading property?
(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(c) Cumulatively compounded 'motor
(d) Differentially compounded motor
Ans: d
41. Which D.C. motor will be suitable along with flywheel for intermittent light and
heavy loads?
(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(c) Cumulatively compounded motor
Ans: c
42. If a D.C. shunt motor is working at no load and if shunt field circuit suddenly opens
(a) nothing will happen to the motor
(b) this will make armature to take heavy current, possibly burning it
(c) this will result in excessive speed, possibly destroying armature due to excessive
centrifugal stresses (d) motor will run at very slow speed
Ans: c
43. D.C. series motors are used

(a) where load is constant
(b) where load changes frequently
(c) where constant operating speed is needed
(d) in none of the above situations.
Ans: d
44. For the same H.P. rating and full load speed, following motor has poor starting
torque
(a) shunt
(b) series
(c) differentially compounded
(d) cumulativelyc'ompounded
Ans: c
45. In case of conductively compensated D.C. series motors, the compensating winding
is provided
(a) as separately wound unit
(6) in parallel with armature winding
(c) in series with armature winding
(d) in parallel with field winding
Ans: c
46. Sparking at the commutator of a D.C. motor may result in

(a) damage to commutator segments
(b) damage to commutator insulation
(c) increased power consumption
Ans: d
47. Which of the following motor is preferred for operation in highly explosive
atmosphere ?
(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(c) Air motor
(d) Battery operated motor
Ans: c
48. If the supply voltage for a D.C. motor is increased, which of the following will
decrease ?
(a) Starting torque
(b) Operating speed
(c) Full-load current
Ans: c
49. Which one of the following is not the function of pole shoes in a D.C. machine ?
(a) To reduce eddy current loss
(b) To support the field coils
(c) To spread out flux for better uniformity
(d) To reduce the reluctance of the magnetic path
Ans: a
50. The mechanical power developed by a shunt motor will be maximum when the
ratio of back e.m.f. to applied voltage is
(a) 4.0
(b) 2.0
(c) 1.0
(d) 0.5
Ans: d
51. The condition for maximum power in case of D.C. motor is

(a) back e.m.f. = 2 x supply voltage
(b) back e.m.f. = | x supply voltage
(c) supply voltage = | x back e.m.f.
(d) supply voltage = back e.m.f.
Ans: b
52. For which of the following applications a D.C. motor is preferred over an A.C.
motor ?
(a) Low speed operation
(b) High speed operation
(c) Variable speed operation
(d) Fixed speed operation
Ans: c
53. In D.C. machines the residual magnetism is of the order of

(a) 2 to 3 per cent
(6) 10 to 15 per cent
(d) 50 to 75 per cent
Ans: a
54. Which D.C. motor is generally preferred for cranes and hoists ?
(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
Ans: a
55. Three point starter can be used for

(a) series motor only
(b) shunt motor only
(c) compound motor only
(d) both shunt and compound motor
Ans: d
56. Sparking, is discouraged in a D.C. motor because

(a) it increases the input power con-sumption
(b) commutator gets damaged
Ans: b
57. Speed control by Ward Leonard method gives uniform speed variation
(a) in one direction
(b) in both directions
(c) below normal speed only
(d) above normal speed only.
Ans: b
58. Flywheel is used with D.C. compound motor to reduce the peak demand by the
motor, compound motor will have
to be
(a) level compounded
(b) under compounded
(c) cumulatively compounded
(d) differentially compounded
Ans: c
59. Following motor is used where high starting torque and wide speed range control
is required.
(a) Single phase capacitor start
(b) Induction motor
(c) Synchronous motor
(d) D.C. motor
Ans: d
60. In a differentially compounded D.C. motor, if shunt field suddenly opens

(a) the motor will first stop and then run in opposite direction as series motor
(b) the motor will work as series motor and run at slow speed in the same direction
(c) the motor will work as series motor and run at high speed in the same direction
(d) the motor will not work and come to stop
Ans: a
61. Which of the following motor has the poorest speed regulation ?
(a) Shunt motor
(b) Series motor
(c) Differential compound motor
Ans: b
62. Buses, trains, trolleys, hoists, cranes require high starting torque and therefore
make use of
(a) D.C. series motor
(c) induction motor
(d) all of above motors
Ans: a
63. As -the load is increased the speed of D.C. shunt motor will
(a) reduce slightly
(b) increase slightly
(c) increase proportionately
(d) remains unchanged
Ans: a
64. The armature torque of the D.C. shunt motor is proportional to

(a) field flux only
(b) armature current only
Ans: b
65. Which of the following method of speed control of D.C. machine will offer
minimum efficiency ?
(a) Voltage control method
(b) Field control method
(c) Armature control method
(d) All above methods
Ans: c
66. Usually wide and sensitive speed control is desired in case of

(a) centrifugal pumps
(b) elevators
(c) steel rolling mills
(d) colliery winders
Ans: d
67. The speed of a motor falls from 1100 r.p.m. at no-load to 1050 r.p.m. at rated load.
The speed regulation of the motor is
(a) 2.36%
(6) 4.76%
(c) 6.77%
(d) 8.84%
Ans: b
68. The armature voltage control of D.C. motor provides

(a) constant torque drive
(b) constant voltage drive
(c) constant current drive
Ans: a
69. As there is no back e.m.f. at the instant of starting a D.C. motor, in order to prevent
a heavy current from flowing though the armature circuit
(a) a resistance is connected in series with armature
(b) a resistance is connected parallel to the armature
(c) armature is temporarily open circuited
(d) a high value resistor is connected across the field winding
Ans: a
70. The speed of a D.C. shunt motor can be increased by

(a) increasing the resistance in armature circuit
(b) increasing the resistance in field circuit
(c) reducing the resistance in the field circuit
(d) reducing the resistance in the armature circuit
Ans: b
71. If I2 be the armature current, then speed of a D.C. shunt motor is

(a) independent of Ia
(b) proportional to la
(c) varies as (Ia)
(d) varies as la
Ans: a
72. In case the back e.m.f. and the speed of a D.C. motor are doubled, the torque
developed by the motor will
(a) remain unchanged
(6) reduce to one-fourth value
(c) increase four folds
(d) be doubled
Ans: a
73. At the instant of starting when a D.C. motor is put on supply, it behaves like
(a) a highly resistive circuit
(6) a low resistance circuit
(c) a capacitive circuit
Ans: b
74. The speed of a D.C. motor can be varied by varying

(a) field current
(b) applied voltage
(c) resistance in series with armature
Ans: d
75. Which one of the following is not necessarily the advantage of D.C. motors over
A.C. motors ?
(a) Low cost
(b) Wide speed range
(c) Stability
(d) High starting torque.
Ans: a
76. For a D.C. shunt motor if the excitation is changed

(a) torque will remain constant
(b) torque will change but power will remain constant
(c) torque and power both will change
(d) torque, power and speed, all will change
Ans: b
77. Which motor has the poorest speed control?

(a) Differentially compounded motor
(b) Cumulatively compounded motor
(c) Shunt motor
(d) Series motor
Ans: d
78. The plugging gives the

(a) zero torque braking
(b) smallest torque braking
(c) highest torque braking
Ans: c
79. The armature voltage control of D.C. motor provides

(a) constant voltage drive
(b) constant current drive
(c) constant torque drive
Ans: c
80. If a D.C. motor designed for 40C ambient temperature is to be used for 50C
ambient temperature, then the motor
(a) of lower H.P. should be selected
(6) of higher H.P. should be selected
(c) can be used for 50C ambient temperature also
(d) is to be derated by a factor recommended by manufacturer and select the next
higher H.P. motor
Ans: d
81. If the terminals of armature of D.C. motor are interchanged, this action will offer
following kind of braking
(o) regenerative
(b) plugging
(c) dynamic braking
Ans: b
82. Which of the following motors one will choose to drive the rotary compressor ?
(c) Universal motor
(d) Synchronous motor
Ans: d
83. If the speed of a D.C. shunt motor is increased, the back e.m.f. of the motor will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain same
(d) become zero
Ans: a
84. Why are the D.C. motors preferred for traction applications ?
(a) Torque and speed are inversely proportional to armature current
(b) Torque is proportional to armature current
(c) Torque is proportional to square root of armature current
(d) The speed is inversely proportional to the torque and the torque is proportional to
square of armature current
Ans: d
85. Which of the following motors is usually used in house-hold refrigerators ?

(c) Single phase induction motor (split phase start or induction run motor)
(e) Synchronous motor
Ans: c
86. Which of the following motors is most suitable for signalling devices and many
kinds of timers ?
(c) Induction motor
Ans: d
87. Which motor should not be started on no-load ?

(a) Series motor
(b) Shunt motor
(d) Differentially compounded motor.
Ans: a
88. Ward-Leonard control is basically a

(a) voltage control method
(b) field divertor method
(c) field control method
(d) armature resistance control method
Ans: a
89. For constant torque drive which speed control method is preferred ?
(a) Field control
(b) Armature voltage control
(c) Shunt armature control
(d) Mechanical loading system
Ans: b
90. In Ward-Leonard control the lower limit of speed is imposed by

(a) residual magnetism of the generator
(b) core losses of motor
(c) mechanical losses of motor and generator together
Ans: a
91. The main disadvantage of the Ward-Leonard control method is

(a) high initial cost
(b) high maintenance cost
(c) low efficiency at Hght loads
Ans: d
92. Regenerative method of braking is based on that

(a) back e.m.f. is less than the applied voltage
(b) back e.m.f. is equal to the applied voltage
(c) back e.m.f. of rotor is more than the applied voltage
Ans: b
93. The hysteresis loss in a D.C. machine least depends on

(a) Frequency of magnetic reversals
(b) Maximum value of flux density
(c) Volume and grade of iron
(d) Rate of flow of ventilating air
Ans: d
94. In a D.C. generator all of the following could be the effects of iron losses except
(a) Loss of efficiency
(b) Excessive heating of core
(c) Increase in terminal voltage
(d) Rise in temperature of ventilating air
Ans: c
95. The losses occurring in a D.C. generator are given below. Which loss is likely to
have highest proportion at rated load of the generator ?
(a) hysteresis loss
(b) field copper loss
(c) armature copper loss
(d) eddy current loss
Ans: c
96. Which of the following loss in a D.C. generator varies significantly with the load
current ?
(a) Field copper loss
(b) Windage loss
(c) Armature copper loss
Ans: c
97. Torque developed by a D.C. motor depends upon

(a) magnetic field
(b) active length of the conductor
(c) current flow through the conductors
(d) number of conductors
(e) radius of armature
(f) all above factors
Ans: f
98. D.C. shunt motors are used for driving

(a) trains
(b) cranes
(c) hoists
(d) machine tools
Ans: d
99. In a manual shunt motor starter

(a) over load relay is connected in series and no volt relay in parallel with the load
(6) over load relay is connected in parallel and no volt relay in series with the load
(c) over load relay and no volt relay are both connected in series with the load
(d) over load relay and no volt relay are both connected in parallel with the load
Ans: a
100. Which of the following steps is likely to result in reduction of hysteresis loss in a
D.C. generator ?
(a) Providing laminations in armature core
(b) Providing laminations in stator
(c) Using non-magnetic material for frame
(d) Using material of low hysteresis co-efficient for armature core material
Ans: d
101. Which of the following loss in a D.C. generator is dissipated in the form of heat?
(a) Mechanical loss
(b) Core loss
(c) Copper loss
Ans: d
102. Which of the following losses are significantly reduced by laminating the core of a
D.C. generator ?
(a) Hysteresis losses
(b) Eddy current losses
(c) Copper losses
(d) Windage losses
Ans: b
103. The total losses in a well designed D.C. generator of 10 kW will be nearly
(a) 100 W
(b) 500 W
(c) 1000 W
(d) 1500 W
Ans: b
104. The condition for maximum efficiency for a D.C. generator is

(a) eddy current losses = stray losses
(b) hysteresis losses = eddy current losses
(c) copper losses = 0
(d) variable losses = constant losses
Ans: d
105. D.C. generators are normally designed for maximum efficiency around
(a) full-load
(b) rated r.p.m.
(c) rated voltage
Ans: a
106. In a D.C. generator, the iron losses mainly take place in

(a) yoke
(b) commutator
(c) armature conductors
(d) armature rotor
Ans: d
107. D.C. generators are installed near the load centres to reduce
(a) iron losses
(b) line losses
(c) sparking
(d) corona losses
Ans: b
108. The purpose of retardation test on D.C. shunt machines is to find out
(a) stray losses
(c) field copper losses
(d) windage losses
Ans: a
109. Which of the following tests will be suitable for testing two similar D.C. series
motors of large capacity ?
(a) Swinburne's test
(b) Hopkinson's test
(c) Field test
(d) Brake test
Ans: c
110. Hopkinson's test on D.C. machines is conducted at

(a) no-load
(b) part load
(c) full-load
(d) overload
Ans: c
111. During rheostat braking of D.C. series motors

(a) motor is run as a generator
(b) motor is reversed in direction
(c) motor is run at reduced speed
Ans: a
112. For which types of D.C. motor, dynamic braking is generally used ?
(a) Shunt motors
(b) Series motors
(c) Compound motors
Ans: d
113. Which method of braking is generally used in elevators ?

(a) Plugging
(b) Regenerative braking
(c) Rheostatic braking
Ans: a
114. In variable speed motor

(a) a stronger commutating field is needed at low speed than at high speed
(b) a weaker commutating field is needed at low speed than at high speed
(c) same commutating field is needed at low speed than at high speed
(d) none of the above is correct
Ans: b
115. When the armature of a D.C. motor rotates, e.m.f. induced is

(a) self-induced e.m.f.
(b) mutually induced e.m.f.
(c) back e.m.f.
Ans: c
116. Where D.C. motor of H.P. 12 or more requires frequent starting, stopping,
reversing and speed control
(a) drum type controller is used
(b) three point starter is used
(c) four point starter is used
(d) all above can be used
Ans: a
117. If a D.C. shunt motor is working at full load and if shunt field circuit suddenly
opens
(a) this will make armature to take heavy current, possibly burning it
(6) this will result in excessive speed, possibly destroying armature due to excessive
centrifugal stresses
(c) nothing will happen to motor
(d) motor will come to stop
Ans: a
118. D.C. motor is to drive a load which has certain minimum value for most of the
time and some peak value for short
duration. We will select the
(a) series motor
(b) shunt motor
(c) compound motor
Ans: a
119. D.C. motor is to a drive a load which is almost nil for certain part of the load cycle
and peak value for short duration. We will select this
(a) series motor
(b) shunt motor
(c) compound motor
Ans: c
120. Which D.C. motor has got maximum self relieving property ?
(a) Series motor
(6) Shunt motor
Ans: a
121. In the D.C. motor the iron losses occur in

(a) the field
(b) the armature
(c) the brushes
(d) the commutator
Ans: b
122. The speed of a D.C. shunt motor is required to be more than full load speed. This
is possible by
(a) reducing the field current
(b) decreasing the armature current
(c) increasing the armature current
(d) increasing the excitation current
(e) none of the above methods
Ans: a
123. One D.C. motor drives another D.C. motor. The second D.C. motor when excited
and driven
(a) runs as a generator
(b) does not run as a generator
(c) also runs as a motor comes to stop after sometime
Ans: a
Magnetism and Electromagnetism

1. Tesla is a unit of
(a) field strength
(b) inductance
(c) flux density
(d) flux
Ans: c
2. A permeable substance is one

(a) which is a good conductor
(6) which is a bad conductor
(c) which is a strong magnet
(d) through which the magnetic lines of force can pass very easily
Ans: d
3. The materials having low retentivity are suitable for making

(a) weak magnets
(b) temporary magnets
(c) permanent magnets
Ans: b
4. A magnetic field exists around

(a) iron
(b) copper
(c) aluminium
(d) moving charges
Ans: d
5. Ferrites are materials.

(a) paramagnetic
(b) diamagnetic
(c) ferromagnetic
Ans: c
6. Air gap has_______eluctance as compared to iron or steel path

(a) little
(b) lower
(c) higher
(d) zero
Ans: b
7. The direction of magnetic lines of force is

(a) from south pole to north pole
(b) from north pole to south pole
(c) from one end of the magnet to another
Ans: b
8. Which of the following is a vector quantity ?

(a) Relative permeability
(b) Magnetic field intensity
(c) Flux density
(d) Magnetic potential
Ans: b
9. The two conductors of a transmission line carry equal current I in opposite

directions. The force on each conductor is
(a) proportional to 7
(b) proportional to X
(c) proportional to distance between the conductors
(d) inversely proportional to I
Ans: b
10. A material which is slightly repelled by a magnetic field is known as

(a) ferromagnetic material
(b) diamagnetic material
(c) paramagnetic material
(d) conducting material
Ans: b
11. When an iron piece is placed in a magnetic field

(a) the magnetic lines of force will bend away from their usual paths in order to go
away from the piece
(b) the magnetic lines of force will bend away from their usual paths in order to
pass through the piece
(c) the magnetic field will not be affected
(d) the iron piece will break
Ans: b
12. Fleming's left hand rule is used to find

(a) direction of magnetic field due to current carrying conductor
(b) direction of flux in a solenoid
(c) direction of force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field
(d) polarity of a magnetic pole
Ans: c
13. The ratio of intensity of magnetisation to the magnetisation force is known as

(a) flux density
(b) susceptibility
(c) relative permeability
Ans: b
14. Magnetising steel is normals difficult because

(a) it corrodes easily
(6) it has high permeability
(c) it has high specific gravity
(d) it has low permeability
Ans: d
15. The left hand rule correlates to

(a) current, induced e.m.f. and direction of force on a conductor
(b) magnetic field, electric field and direction of force on a conductor
(c) self induction, mutual induction and direction of force on a conductor
(d) current, magnetic field and direction of force on a conductor
Ans: d
16. The unit of relative permeability is

(a) henry/metre
(b) henry
(c) henry/sq. m
(d) it is dimensionless
Ans: d
17. A conductor of length L has current I passing through it, when it is placed parallel
to a magnetic field. The force experienced by the conductor will be
(a) zero
(b) BLI
(c) B2LI
(d) BLI2
Ans: a
18. The force between two long parallel conductors is inversely proportional to
(a) radius of conductors
(b) current in one conductor
(c) product of current in two conductors
(d) distance between the conductors
Ans: d
19. Materials subjected to rapid reversal of magnetism should have

(a) large area oiB-H loop
(b) high permeability and low hysteresis loss
(c) high co-ercivity and high retentivity
(d) high co-ercivity and low density
Ans: b
20. Indicate which of the following material does not retain magnetism permanently.
(a) Soft iron
(b) Stainless steel
(e) Hardened steel
Ans: a
21. The main constituent of permalloy is

(a) cobalt
(b) chromium
(c) nickel
(d) tungsten
Ans: c
22. The use of permanent magnets is. not made in

(a) magnetoes
(6) energy meters
(c) transformers
(d) loud-speakers
Ans: c
23. Paramagnetic materials have relative permeability

(a) slightly less than unity
(b) equal to unity
(c) slightly more than unity
(d) equal to that ferromagnetic mate rials
Ans: c
24. Degaussing is the process of

(a) removal of magnetic impurities
(b) removing gases from the materials
(c) remagnetising metallic parts
(d) demagnetising metallic parts
Ans:
25. Substances which have permeability less than the permeability of free space are
known as
(a) ferromagnetic
(b) paramagnetic
(c) diamagnetic
(d) bipolar
Ans: c
26. Two infinitely long parallel conductors in vacuum any separated 1 metre between
centers >then a current of 1 ampere flows the. uk each conductor, produce on each
other a force of
(a) 2 x 1(T2 N/m)
(b) 2 x KT3 N/m
(c) 2 x 10"5 N/m
(d) 2x 1(T7 N/m)
Ans: d
27. In the left hand rule, forefinger always represents

(a) voltage
(b) current
(c) magnetic field
(d) direction of force on the conductor
Ans: c
28. Which of the following is a ferromagnetic material ?

(a) Tungsten
(b) Aluminium
(c) Copper
(d) Nickel
Ans: d
29. Ferrites are a sub-group of

(a) non-magnetic materials
(6) ferro-magnetic materials
(c) paramagnetic materials
(d) ferri-magnetic materials
Ans: d
30. Gilbert is a unit of

(a) electromotive force
(6) magnetomotive force
(c) conductance
(d) permittivity
Ans: b
31. The working of a meter is based on the use of a permanent magnet. In order to
protect the meter functioning from stray magnetic fields
(a) meter is surrounded by strong magnetic fields
(b) a soft iron shielding is used
(c) a plastic shielding is provided
(d) a shielding of anon-magnetic material is used
Ans: b
32. Reciprocal of permeability is

(a) reluctivity
(b) susceptibility
(c) permittivity
(d) conductance
Ans: a
33. The relative permeability is less than unity is case of

(a) ferromagnetic materials
(b) ferrites
(c) non-ferrous materials
(d) diamagnetic materials
Ans: d
34. Which of the following is the unit of magnetic flux density ?

(a) weber
(b) lumens
(c) tesla
Ans: c
35. The magnetism left in the iron after exciting field has been removed is known as
(a) permeance
(b) residual magnetism
(c) susceptance
(d) reluctance
Ans: b
36. Which of the following is not a unit of flux?

(a) Maxwell
(b) Telsa
(c) Weber
Ans: b
37. Which of the following is expected to have the maximum permeability ?

(a) Brass
(b) Copper
(c) Zinc
(d) Ebonite
Ans: d
38. One telsa is equal to

(a) 1 Wb/mm2
(b) 1 Wb/m
(c) 1 Wb/m2
(d) 1 mWb/m2
Ans: c
39. Out of the following statements, concerning an electric field, which statement is
not true ?
(a) The electric intensity is a vector quantity
(b) The electric field intensity at a point is numerically equal to the force exerted
upon a charge placed at that point
(c) An electric field is defined as a point in space at which an electric charge would
experience a force
(d) Unit field intensity in the exertion of a force of one newton on a charge of one
coulomb
Ans: b
40. When a magnet is in motion relative to a coil the induced e.m.f. does not depend
upon
(a) resistance of the coil
(b) motion of the magnet
(c) number of turns of the coil
(d) pole strength of the magnet
Ans: a
41. One maxwell is equal to

(a) 10 webers
(b) 10 webers
(c) 10 webers
(d) 10 webers
Ans: d
42. When two ends of a circular uniform wire are joined to the terminals of a battery,
the field at the center of the circle
(a) will be zero
(b) will be infinite
(c) will depend on the amount of e.m.f. applied
(d) will depend on the radius of the circle
Ans: d
43. Susceptibility is positive for
(a) non-magnetic substances
(b) diamagnetic substances
(c) ferromagnetic substances
Ans: c
44. Two long parallel conductors carry 100 A. If the conductors are separated by 20
mm, the force per meter of length of each conductor will be
(a) 100 N
(b) 10 N
(c) 1 N
(d) 0.1 N
Ans: d
45. A 300 mm long conductor is carrying a current of 10 A and is situated at right

angles to a magnetic field having a flux density of 0.8 T ; the force on the conductor
will be
(a) 240 N
(6) 24 N
(c) 2.4 N
(d) 0.24 N
Ans: c
46. A 200 turn coil having an axial length of 30 mm and a radius of 10 mm is pivoted in
a magnetic field having a flux density of 0.8 T. If the coil carries a current of 0.5 A, the
torque acting on the coil will be
(a) 8 N-m
(b) 0.48 N-m
(e) 0.048 N-m
(d) 0.0048 N-m
[Hint. Torque = 2BIlNr N-m]
Ans: c
47. The electromagnet has 50 turns and a current of 1A flows through the coil. If the
length of the magnet circuit is 200 mm, what is the magnetic field strength ?
(a) 2500 AT/m
(b) 250 AT/m
(c) 25 AT/m
(d) 2.5 AT/m
Ans: b
48. What is the magnitude and the direction of force per 1.1m length of a pair of
conductors of a direct current linecarrying 10 amperes and spaced 100 mm apart ?
(a) 22 x 10"8 N
(b) 22 x 10"7 N
(c) 22 x 10-6 N
(d) 22 x 10"5 N
Ans: d
49. A square cross-sectional magnet has a pole strength of 1 x 10 Wb and cross

sectional area of 20 mm x 20 mm. What is the strength at a distance of 100 mm from
the unit pole in air ?
(a) 63.38 N/Wb
(b) 633.8 N/Wb
(c) 6338 N/Wb
(d) 63380 N/Wb
Ans: c
50. The unit of flux is the same as that of

(a) reluctance
(b) resistance
(c) permeance
(d) pole strength
Ans: d
51. Unit for quantity of electricity is

(a) ampere-hour
(b) watt
(c) joule
(d) coulomb
Ans: d
52. The Biot-savart's law is a general modification of

(a) Kirchhoffs law
(b) Lenz's law
(c) Ampere's law
(d) Faraday's laws
Ans: c
53. The most effective and quickest may of making a magnet from soft iron is by
(a) placing it inside a coil carrying current
(b) induction
(c) the use of permanent magnet
(d) rubbing with another magnet
Ans: a
54. The commonly used material for shielding or screening magnetism is

(a) copper
(b) aluminium
(c) soft iron
(d) brass
Ans: c
55. If a copper disc is rotated rapidly below a freely suspended magnetic needle, the
magnetic needle shall start rotating with a velocity
(a) less than that of disc but in opposite direction
(b) equal to that of disc and in the same direction
(c) equal to that of disc and in the opposite direction
(d) less than that of disc and in the same direction
Ans: d
56. A permanent magnet

(a) attracts some substances and repels others
(b) attracts all paramagnetic substances and repels others
(c) attracts only ferromagnetic substances
(d) attracts ferromagnetic substances and repels all others
Ans: a
57. The retentivity (a property) of material is useful for the construction of

(a) permanent magnets
(b) transformers
(c) non-magnetic substances
(d) electromagnets
Ans: a
58. The relative permeability of materials is not constant.

(a) diamagnetic
(b) paramagnetic
(c) ferromagnetic
(d) insulating
Ans: c
59. The materials are a bit inferior conductors of magnetic flux than air.
(a) ferromagnetic
(b) paramagnetic
(c) diamagnetic
(d) dielectric
Ans: c
60. Hysteresis loop in case of magnetically hard materials is more in shape as

compared to magnetically soft materials.
(a) circular
(b) triangular
(c) rectangular
Ans: c
61. A rectangular magnet of magnetic moment M is cut into two piece of same length,
the magnetic moment of each piece will be
(a) M
(6) M/2
(c) 2 M
(d) M/4
Ans: b
62. A keeper is used to

(a) change the direction of magnetic lines
(b) amplify flux
(c) restore lost flux
(d) provide a closed path for flux
Ans: d
63. Magnetic moment is a

(a) pole strength
(6) universal constant
(c) scalar quantity
(d) vector quantity
Ans: d
64. The change of cross-sectional area of conductor in magnetic field will affect
(a) reluctance of conductor
(b) resistance of conductor
(c) (a) and (b) both in the same way
Ans: c
65. The uniform magnetic field is

(a) the field of a set of parallel conductors
(b) the field of a single conductor
(c) the field in which all lines of magnetic flux are parallel and equidistant
Ans: c
66. The magneto-motive force is

(a) the voltage across the two ends of exciting coil
(b) the flow of an electric current
(c) the sum of all currents embraced by one line of magnetic field
(d) the passage of magnetic field through an exciting coil
Ans: c
67. What will be the current passing through the ring shaped air cored coil when
number of turns is 800 and ampere turns are 3200 ?
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Ans: b
68. What will be the magnetic potential difference across the air gap of 2 cm length in
magnetic field of 200 AT/m ?
(a) 2 AT
(b) 4 AT
(c) 6 AT
(d) 10 AT
Ans: b
69. Which of the following statements is correct ?

(a) The magnetic flux inside an exciting coil is lower than its outside surface
(6) The magnetic flux inside an exciting coil is zero
(e) The magnetic flux inside the exciting coil is greater than its outside surface
(d) The magnetic flux inside the exciting coil is same as on its outside surface
Ans: d
70. A certain amount of current flows through a ring-shaped coil with fixed number of
turns. How does the magnetic induction B varies inside the coil if an iron core is
threaded into coil without dimensional change of coil ?
(a) Decreases
(b) Increases
(c) Remains same
(d) First increases and then decreases depending on the depth of iron insertion
Ans: b
71. The magnetic reluctance of a material

(a) decreases with increasing cross sectional area of material
(6) increases with increasing cross-sec-tional area of material
(c) does not vary with increasing cross-sectional area of material
Ans: a
72. The initial permeability of an iron rod is

(a) the highest permeability of the iron rod
(b) the lowest permeability of the iron rod
(c) the permeability at the end of the iron rod
(d) the permeability almost in non-magnetised state
Ans: d
73. How does the magnetic compass needle behave in a magnetic field ?
(a) It assures a position right angle to magnetic field
(b) It starts rotating
(c) It assures a position which follows a line of magnetic flux
Ans: c
74. In a simple magnetic field the strength of magnet flux

(a) is constant and has same value in energy part of the magnetic field
(6) increases continuously from initial value to final value
(c) decreases continuously from initial value to final value
(d) first increases and then decreases till it becomes zero
Ans: d
75. The stray line of magnetic flux is defined as

(a) a line vertical to the flux lines
(b) the mean length of a ring shaped coil
(c) a line of magnetic flux in a non-uniform field
(d) a line of magnetic flux which does not follow the designed path
Ans: d
76. The bar magnet has

(a) the dipole moment
(b) monopole moment
(c) (a) and (b) both
Ans: a
77. Which of the following materials are diamagnetic ?

(a) Silver
(b) Copper
(c) Silver and copper
(d) Iron
Ans: c
78. Which of the following type of materials are not very important for engineering
applications ?
(a) Ferromagnetic
(b) Paramagnetic
(c) Diamagnetic
Ans: c
79. The susceptibility of paramagnetic materials generally lies between

(a) KT3 and 1CT6
(b) 1CT3 and 1CT7
(c) KT4 and KT8
(d) 10"2 and KT5
Ans: a
80. For which of the following materials the saturation value is the highest ?
(a) Ferromagnetic materials
(6) Paramagnetic materials
(c) Diamagnetic materials
(d) Ferrites
Ans: d
81. The magnetic materials exhibit the property of magnetisation because of

(a) orbital motion of electrons
(b) spin of electrons
(c) spin of nucleus
(d) either of these
Ans: c
82. For which of the following materials the net magnetic moment should be zero ?
(a) Diamagnetic materials
(b) Ferrimagnetic materials
(c) Antiferromagnetic materials
(d) Antiferrimagnetic materials
Ans: c
83. The attraction capacity of electromagnet will increase if the

(a) core length increases i
(b) core area increases
(c) flux density decreases
(d) flux density increases
Ans: d

(a) The conductivity of ferrites is better than ferromagnetic materials
(b) The conductivity of ferromagnetic materials is better than ferrites
(c) The conductivity of ferrites is very high
(d) The conductivity of ferrites is same as that of ferromagnetic materials
Ans: a
85. Temporary magnets are used in

(a) loud-speakers
(b) generators
(c) motors
Ans: d
86. Main causes of noisy solenoid are

(a) strong tendency of fan out of laminations at the end caused by repulsion among
magnetic lines of force
(b) uneven bearing surface, caused by dirt or uneven wear between moving and
stationary parts
(c) both of above
Ans: c
87. Strength of an electromagnet can be increased by

(a) increasing the cross-sectional area
(b) increasing the number of turns
(c) increasing current supply
(d) all above methods
Ans:
88. Core of an electromagnet should have

(a) low coercivity
(6) high susceptibility
(c) both of the above
Ans: c
89. Magnetism of a magnet can be destroyed by

(a) heating
(b) hammering
(c) by inductive action of another magnet
(d) by all above methods
Ans: d
Electrical Engineering
1. The converse of hardness is known as

(a) malleability
(b) toughness
(c) softness
Ans: c
2. On which of the following factors does the resistivity of a material depend ?

(a) Resistance of the conductor
(b) Area of the conductor section
(c) Length of the conductor
Ans: d
3. is a negatively charged particle present in an atom.
(a) Proton
(b) Neutron
(c) Electron
Ans: c
4. The formula ____ determines the number of electrons that can be accommodated in
any level.
(a) 2n2
(6) 4n2
(c) 2n3
(d) 4ns
Ans: a
5. The tiny block formed by the arrangement of a small group of atoms is called the
(a) unit cell
(b) space lattice
Ans: a
6. The co-ordination number of a simple cubic structure is

(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 8
Ans: c
7. The covalent bond is formed by

(a) transfer of electrons between atoms
(b) sharing of electrons between atoms
(e) sharing of variable number of electrons by a variable number of atoms
Ans: b
8. A perfect conductor has

(a) zero conductivity
(b) unity conductivity
(c) infinite conductivity
Ans: c
9. The metal having the lowest temperature coefficient of resistance is

(a) gold
(b) copper
(c) aluminium
(d) kanthal
Ans: a
10. Commonly used conducting materials are

(a) copper
(b) aluminium
(d) copper and silver
(e) platinum and gold
Ans: c
11. Which of the following materials is preferred for transmitting electrical energy
over long distance ?
(a) Copper
(b) Aluminium
(c) Steel reinforced copper
(d) Steel reinforced aluminium
Ans: d
12. The kinetic energy of a bounded electron is

(a) less than that of unbounded electron
(6) greater than that of unbounded electron
(c) equal to that of unbounded electron
(d) infinite
Ans: a
13. A highly conductive material must have

(a) highest conductivity
(b) lowest temperature co-efficient
(c) good mechanical strength
(d) good corrosion resistance
(e) easy solderable and drawable quality
(f) all of the above
Ans: f
14. The conductivity of a conductor can be increased by

(a) decreasing its temperature
(b) increasing its temperature
(c) decreasing its vibration
(d) increasing its vibration
Ans: a
15. Superconductivity is observed for

(a) infrared frequencies
(b) d.c. and low frequency
(c) a.c. and high frequency
(d) frequencies having no effect
Ans: b
16. The superconductivity is due to

(a) the crystal structure having no atomic vibration at 0K
(b) all electrons interact in the super-conducting state
(c) the electrons jump into nucleus at 0K
Ans: a
17. The value of critical field below the transition temperature will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain unchanged
Ans: a
18. In a superconductor the value of critical density depends upon

(a) magnetic field strength
(b) temperature
Ans: d
19. Superconductors are becoming popular for use in

(a) generating very strong magnetic field
(b) manufacture of bubble memories
(c) generating electrostatic field
(d) generating regions free from magnetic field
Ans: a
20. High resistivity materials are used in

(a) precision instruments
(6) heating elements
(c) motor starters
(d) incandescent lamps
Ans: e
21. Mercury as an electric contact material is

(a) a liquid
(b) a metal
(c) a metal liquid
(d) a gas
Ans: c
22. An H.R.C. fuse is

(a) a ceramic body having metal and caps
(b) a wire of platinum
(c) a heavy cross-section of copper or aluminium
(d) a ceramic tube having carbon rod inside it
Ans: a
23. Which of the following resistive materials has the lowest temperature co-efficient
of resistance ?
(a) Nichrome
(b) Constantan
(c) Kanthal
(d) Molybdenum
Ans: a
24. The coils of D.C. motor starter are wound with wire of
(a) copper
(b) kanthal
(c) manganin
(d) nichrome
Ans: c
25. The conductors have transport phenomena of electrons due to

(a) electric field
(b) magnetic field
(c) electromagnetic field
Ans: a
26. The transition temperature of mercury is

(a) 18.0K
(6) 9.22K
(c) 4.12K
(d) 1.14'K
Ans: c
27. By increasing impurity content in the metal alloy the residual resistivity always
(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains constant
(d) becomes temperature independent
Ans: b
28. The structure sensitive property of a super conductor is
(a) critical magnetic field
(b) transition temperature
(c) critical current density
Ans: c
29. At transition temperature the value of critical field is

(a) zero
(6) negative real value
(c) positive real value
(d) complex value
Ans: a
30. Which of the following variety of copper has the best conductivity ?
(a) Induction hardened copper
(b) Hard drawn copper
(c) Pure annealed copper
(d) Copper containing traces of silicon
Ans: c
31. Constantan contains

(a) silver and tin
(b) copper and tungsten
(c) tungsten and silver
(d) copper and nickel
Ans: d
32. Which of the following is the poorest conductor of electricity ?

(a) Carbon
(b) Steel
(c) Silver
(d) Aluminium
Ans: a
33 ______ has zero temperature co-efficient of resistance.

(a) Aluminium
(b) Carbon
(c) Porcelain
(d) Manganin
Ans: d
34. Piezoelectric materials serve as a source of _____ .

(a) resonant waves
(b) musical waves
(c) microwaves
(d) ultrasonic waves
Ans: d
35. In thermocouples which of the following pairs is commonly used ?

(a) Copper-constantan
(b) Aluminium-tin
(c) Silver-German silver
(d) Iron-steel
Ans: a
36 is viscoelastic.
(a) Cast-iron
(6) Graphite
(c) Rubber
(d) Glass
Ans: c
37. Carbon electrodes are not used in

(a) GLS lamps
(b) electric arc furnace
(c) dry cells
(d) cinema projectors
Ans: a
38. Solder is an alloy of

(a) copper and aluminium
(b) tin and lead
(c) nickel, copper and zinc
(d) silver, copper and lead
Ans: b
39 ______ is most commonly used for making magnetic recording tape

(a) Silver nitrate
(b) Ferric oxide
(c) Small particles of iron
(d) Silicon-iron
Ans: b
40. Overhead telephone wires are made of

(a) aluminium
(b) steel
(c) ACSR conductors
(d) copper
Ans: b
41. ______ is an example of piezoelectric material.

(a) Glass
(b) Quartz
(c) Corrundum
(d) Neoprene
Ans: b
42. _____ is the main constituent of glass

(a) Fe203
(b) Si02
(c) AI2O3
(d) B2O3
Ans: b
43. A good electric contact material should have all of the following properties except
(a) high resistivity
(b) high resistance to corrosion
(c) good thermal conductivity
(d) high melting point
Ans: a
44. Most of the common metals have _____ structure.

(a) linear
(b) hexagonal
(c) orthorhombic
(d) cubic
Ans: d
45. Which of the following affect greatly the resistivity of electrical conductors ?
(a) Composition
(b) Pressure
(c) Size
(d) Temperature
Ans: a
46. Thermonic emission occurs in

(a) vacuum tubes
(b) copper conductors
(c) ferrite cores
(d) transistors
Ans: a
47. _____ is a hard solder.

(a) Tin-lead
(6) Tin-silver-lead
(c) Copper-zinc
Ans: c
48. Addition of 0.3 to 4.5% silicon to iron _____ the electrical resistivity of iron.
(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) does not change
Ans: a
49. Super conductivity can be destroyed by

(a) adding impurities
(b) reducing temperatures
(c) application of magnetic field
Ans: c
50. Non-linear resistors

(a) produce harmonic distortion
(b) follows Ohm's law at low temperatures only
(c) result in non-uniform heating
Ans: a
51. A carbon resistor contains

(a) carbon crystals
(b) solid carbon granules
(c) pulverized coal
(d) finely divided carbon black.
Ans: d
52. Which of the following materials does not have covalent bonds ?
(a) Organic polymers
(b) Silicon
(c) Metals
Ans: c
53. In graphite, bonding is

(a) covalent
(b) metallic
(c) Vander Waals
(d) Vander Waals and covalent
Ans: d
54. Total number of crystal systems is

(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 7
(d) 12
Ans: c
55. The number of atoms per unit cell in B.C.C. structure is

(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 8
Ans: b
56. The conductivity of a metal is determined by

(a) the electronic concentration and the mobility of the free electrons
(6) the number of valence electrons per atom
Ans: a
57. The resistivity of a metal is a function of temperature because

(a) the amplitude of vibration of the atoms varies with temperature
(b) the electron density varies with temperature
(c) the electron gas density varies with temperature
Ans: a
58. In a crystal, an atom vibrates at a frequency determined by

(a) the heat content of the crystal
(b) the temperature of the crystal
(c) the stiffness of the bonds it makes with neighbors
Ans: c
59. Due to which of the following reasons aluminium does not corrode in atmosphere
?
(a) Aluminium is a noble metal
(b) Atmospheric oxygen can only diffuse very slowly through the oxide layer which
is formed on the surface of aluminium
(c) No reaction with oxygen occurs ft Any of the above
Ans: b
60. The impurity atoms is semiconductors

(a) inject more charge carriers
(6) reduce the energy gap
(c) increase the kinetic energy of valence electrons
Ans: b
61. Which of the following material is not a semiconductor ?

(a) Silica
(b) Germanium
(c) Selenium
(d) Gallium-arsenide
Ans: a
62. Carbon resistors are used extensively because they are

(a) easy to make
(b) compact
(c) inexpensive
(d) all of the above reasons
Ans: d
63. Carbon rods are used in wet and dry cells because
(a) carbon rod serves as conductor
(b) carbon can resist the attack of battery acid
(d) either (a) or (b)
Ans: c
64. Due to which of the following factors the brush wear rate is altered ?
(a) Speed of the machine
(b) Contact pressure
(c) Surface conditions of brush and commutator
(d) Excessive sparking
Ans: e
65. Which of the following are non-conductors of electricity?

(a) Non-metal solids except carbon
(b) Air and most other gases
(c) Pure water and liquids in general except mercury
Ans: d
66. Carbon bearings are used under which of the following conditions ?
(a) Where lubrication is difficult or im-possible
(b) Where corrosive chemical action exists
(c) Where high temperature exists
Ans: d
67. Which of the following high resistance materials has the highest operating
temperature ?
(a) Kanthal
(b) Manganin
(c) Nichrome
(d) Eureka
Ans: a
68. Steel wire is used as

(a) overhead telephone wire
(b) earth wire
(c) core wire of ACSR
Ans: d
69. Low resistivity materials are used in

(a) transformer, motor and generator windings
(b) transmission and distribution lines
(c) house wiring
(d) all above applications
Ans: d
70. Platinum is used in

(a) electrical contacts
(b) thermocouple
(c) heating element in high temperature furnace
(d) grids of special purpose vacuum tubes
Ans: e
71. Which of the following is an advantage of stranded conductor over equivalent

single conductor ?
(a) Less liability to kink
(b) Greater flexibility
(c) Less liability to break
Ans: d
72. Due to which of the following reasons copper and aluminium are not used for
heating elements ?
(a) Both have great tendency for oxidation
(b) Both have low melting point
(c) Very large length of wires will be required
Ans: d
73. Copper, even though costly, finds use in the windings of electrical machines
because
(a) copper points offer low contact resistance
(b) copper can be easily soldered and welded
(e) copper windings are less bulky and the machines become compact
Ans: d
74. Which of the following materials is used for making coils of standard resistances ?
(a) Copper
(b) Nichrome
(c) Platinum
(d) Manganin
Ans: d
75. Substances whose specific resistance abruptly decreases at very low temperature
are called
(a) insulators
(b) conductors
(c) semiconductors
(d) superconductors
Ans: d
76. Which of the following materials is the best conductor of electricity ?

(a) Tungsten
(b) Aluminium
(c) Copper
(d) Carbon
Ans: c
77. is the property of absorbing moisture from atmosphere.

(a) Solubility
(b) Viscosity
(c) Porosity
(d) Hygroscopicity
Ans: d
78. Thermocouples are mainly used for the measurement of

(a) temperature
(b) resistance
(c) eddy currents
(d) coupling co-efficient
Ans: a
79. Due to which of the following fact, in India, aluminium is replacing copper ?
(a) Aluminium is more ductile and malleable than copper
(6) Aluminium is available in plenty, cheaper and lighter than copper
(c) Aluminium has lower resistivity than that of copper
(d) Aluminium has less temperature co-efficient than copper
Ans: b
80. The conduction of electricity, in semiconductors, takes place due to movement of
(a) positive ions only
(b) negative ions only
(c) positive and negative ions
(d) electrons and holes
Ans: d
81. Which of the following is a semiconductor material ?

(a) Phosphorous
(b) Rubber
(c) Silicon
(d) Aluminium
Ans: c
82. Selenium is _____ semiconductor.

(a) extrnisic
(b) intmisic
(c) N-type
(d) P-type
Ans: b
83. ________ has the best damping properties.

(a) Diamond
(b) High speed steel
(c) Mild steel
(d) Cast iron
Ans: d
84. The photo-electric effect occurs only when the incident light has more than a
certain critical
(a) intensity
(b) speed
(c) frequency
(d) wave length
Ans: c
85. If the resistance of a conductor does not vary in accordance with Ohm's law it is
known as
(a) non-linear conductor
(b) reverse conductor
(c) bad-conductor
(d) non-conductor
Ans: a
86. Spark plug makes use of which of the following materials for insulation ?
(a) Porcelain
(b) Slate
(c) Asbestos
(d) Glass
Ans: a
87. The forbidden gap in an insulator is

(a) large
(b) small
(c) nil
Ans: a
88. Which of the following factors affect resistivity of metals ?

(a) Age hardening
(b) Alloying
(c) Temperature
(d) Cold work
Ans: e
89. Effect of moisture on the insulating materials is to

(a) decrease dielectric constant
(b) decrease dielectric strength
(c) decrease insulation resistance
(d) increase dielectric loss
Ans: e
90. Surface resistance of an insulating material is reduced due to the

(a) smoky and dirty atmosphere
(b) humidity in the atmosphere
Ans: c
91. Superconducting metal in super conducting state has relative permeability of

(a) zero
(b) one
(c) negative
(d) more than one
Ans: a
92. In conductors conduction of electricity takes place due to movement of

(a) electrons only
(b) positive ions only
(c) negative ions only
(d) positive and negative ions
Ans: a
93. The carbon percentage is least in

(a) low carbon steel
(b) wrought iron
(c) cast iron
(d) malleable iron
Ans: b
94. For a particular material the Hall coefficient was found to be zero. The material is
(a) insulator
(6) metal
(c) intrinsic semiconductor
Ans: b
95. The conductivity of an extrinsic semiconductor with temperature

(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains constant
Ans: c
96. The current due to electron flow in conduction band is the hole current in valence
band.
(a) equal to
(b) less than
(c) greater than
Ans: c
97. For a hole which of the following statements is incorrect ?

(a) Holes can exist in certain semiconductors only
(b) Holes can exist in any material including conductors
(c) Holes may constitute an electric current
(d) Holes can be considered as a net positive charge
Ans: b
98. is an element used in semiconductors whose atoms have three valence electrons.
(a) An acceptor
(b) A donor
(c) Germanium
(d) Silicon
Ans: a
99. The minority carrier concentration is largely a function of
(a) forward biasing voltage
(b) reverse biasing voltage
(c) temperature
(d) the amount of doping
Ans: c
100. For germanium the forbidden energy gap is

(a) 0.15 eV
(b) 0.25 eV
(C) 0.5eV
(d) 0.7eV
Ans: d
Switchgear Protections
1. The main function of a fuse is to

(a) protect the line
(b) open the circuit
(c) protect the appliance
(d) prevent excessive currents
Ans: d
2. On which of the following routine tests are conducted ?

(a) Oil circuit breakers
(b) Air blast circuit breakers
(c) Minimum oil circuit breakers
Ans: d
3. SF6 gas
(a) is yellow in colour
(b) is lighter than air
(c) is nontoxic
(d) has pungent small
Ans: c
4. The arcing contacts in a circuit breaker are made of

(a) copper tungsten alloy
(b) porcelain
(c) electrolytic copper
(d) aluminium alloy
Ans: a
5. Which of the following medium is employed for extinction of arc in air circuit
breaker ?
(a) Water
(b) Oil
(c) Air
(d) SF6
Ans: c
6. With which of the following, a circuit breaker must be equipped for remote
operation ?
(a) Inverse time trip
(b) Time-delay trip
(c) Shunt trip
Ans: c
7. Fault diverters are basically

(a) fuses
(b) relays
(c) fast switches
(d) circuit breakers
Ans: c
8. A thermal protection switch can protect against

(a) short-circuit
(b) temperature
(c) overload
(d) over voltage
Ans: c
9. Arc in a circuit behaves as

(a) a capackive reactance
(b) an inductive reactance
(c) a resistance increasing with voltage rise across the arc
(d) a resistance decreasing with voltage rise across the arc
Ans: d
10. Thermal circuit breaker has

(a) delayed trip action
(b) instantaneous trip action
Ans: a
11. Relays can be designed to respond to changes in
(a) resistance, reactance or impedance
(b) voltage and current
(c) light intensity
(d) temperature
(e) all above
Ans: e
12. Overload relays are of...... type.

(a) induction
(b) solid state
(c) thermal
(d) electromagnetic
(e) all above
Ans: e
13. Thermal overload relays are used to protect the motor against over current
due to
(a) short-circuits
(b) heavy loads
(c) grounds
Ans: b
14. Magnetic circuit breaker has ______ trip action.

(a) delayed
(b) instantaneous
Ans: b
15. D.C. shunt relays are made of

(a) few turns of thin wire
(b) few turns of thick wire
(c) many turns of thin wire
(d) many turns of thick wire
Ans: c
16. The relay operating speed depends upon

(a) the spring tension
(b) the rate of flux built up
(c) armature core air gap
Ans: d
17. In order that current should flow without causing excessive heating or voltage
drop, the relay contacts should
(a) have low contact resistance
(b) be clean and smooth
(c) be of sufficient size and proper shape
(d) have all above properties
Ans: d
18. Circuit breakers usually operate under

(a) transient state of short-circuit current
(b) sub-transient state of short-circuit current
(c) steady state of short-circuit current
(d) after D.C. component has ceased
Ans: a
19. Circuit breakers are essentially

(a) current carrying contacts called electrodes
(b) arc extinguishers
(c) circuits to break the system
(d) transformers to isolate the two systems
Ans: a
The current zero interruption, in oil and air blast circuit breakers, is achieved
by
(a) lengthening of the gap
(b) cooling and blast effect
(d) deionizing the oil with forced air
Ans: c
21. Air blast circuit breaker is used for

(a) over currents
(b) short duty
(c) intermittant duty
(d) repeated duty
Ans: d
22. An efficient and a well designed protective relaying should have

(a) good selectivity and reliability
(b) economy and simplicity
(c) high speed and selectivity
Ans: d
23. Burden of a protective relay is the power
(a) required to operate the circuit breaker
(b) absorbed by the circuit of relay
(c) developed by the relay circuit
Ans: b
24. Directional relays are based on flow of

(a) power
(b) current
(c) voltage wave
Ans: a
25. A differential relay measures the vector difference between

(a) two currents
(b) two voltages
(c) two or more similar electrical quantities
Ans: c
26. A transmission line is protected by

(a) inrush protection
(b) distance protection
(c) time graded and current graded over current protection
Ans: d
27. Large internal faults are protected by

(a) merz price percentage differential protection
(b) mho and ohm relays
(c) horn gaps and temperature relays
(d) earth fault and positive sequence relays
Ans: a
28. When a transmission line is energized, the wave that propagates on it is

(a) current wave only
(b) voltage wave only
(d) power factor wave only
Ans: c
29. Protective relays are devices that detect abnormal conditions in electrical
circuits by measuring
(a) current during abnormal condition
(b) voltage during abnormal condition
(c) constantly the electrical quantities which differ during normal and abnormal
conditions
Ans: c
30. The voltage appearing across the contacts after opening of the circuit breaker
is called______voltage.
(a) recovery
(b) surge
(c) operating
(d) arc
Ans: a
31. Ionization in circuit breaker is facilitated by

(a) high temperature
(b) increase of mean free path
(c) increasing field strength
Ans: d
32. In a circuit breaker the basic problem is to

(a) maintain the arc
(b) extinguish the arc
(c) transmit large power
(d) emit the ionizing electrons
Ans: c
33. Overheating of relay contacts or contact born out is due to

(a) slow making and breaking of load circuit contacts
(b) foreign matter on the contact surface
(c) too low contact pressure
Ans: d
34. Interruption of large currents by relay requires

(a) arc suppressing blow out coils
(b) wide separation of the opened contacts
(c) high speed opening of contacts
Ans: d
35. Shunt capacitance is neglected while considering

(a) short transmission line
(b) medium transmission line
(c) long transmission line
(d) medium and long transmission lines
Ans: a
36. The arc voltage produced in A.C. circuit breaker is always

(a) in phase with the arc current
(b) lagging the arc current by 90"
(c) leading the arc current by 90
Ans: a
37. The time of closing the cycle, in modern circuit breakers is

(a) 0.003 sec
(b) 0.001 sec
(c) 0.01 sec
(d) 0.10 sec
Ans: a
38. Insulation resistance of high voltage circuit breakers is more than

(a) 1 mega ohms
(b) 10 mega ohms
(c) 100 mega ohms
(d) 500 mega ohms
Ans: c
39. H.R.C. fuses provide best protection against

(a) overload
(b) reverse current
(c) open-circuits
(d) short-circuits
Ans: d
40. The ground wire should not be smaller than No ______ copper.
(a) 2
(b) 4
(c) 6
(d) 10
Ans: d
41. The delay fuses are used for the protection of ________ .
(a) motors
(b) power outlet circuits
(c) fluorescent lamps
(d) light circuits
Ans: a
42. Which of the following is the least expensive protection for overcurrent is low
voltage system ?
(a) Rewireable fuse
(b) Isolator
(c) Oil circuit breaker
(d) Air break circuit breaker
Ans: a
43. Resistance grounding is used for voltage between

(a) 33kVto66kV
(b) HkVto33kV
(c) 3.3kVandllkV
Ans: c
44. The contacts of high voltage switches used in power system are submerged in
oil. The main purpose of the oil is to
(a) lubricate the contacts
(b) insulate the contacts from switch body
(c) extinguish the arc
Ans: c
45. In Railway applications ______ circuit breaker is used.

(a) SFe
(b) bulk oil
(c) minimum oil
(d) air break
Ans:
46. To protect most of the electrical equipment handling low power, the types of
relays used are
(a) thermocouple
(b) electronic and bimetallic
Ans: c
47. Wave trap is used to trap waves of

(a) power frequencies
(b) higher frequencies entering generator or transformer units
Ans: b
48. Ungrounded neutral transmission system is not recommended because of

system
(a) insulation being overstressed due to over voltages
(b) insulation overstress may lead to failure and subsequent phase to phase faults
(c) being inadequately protected against ground fault
Ans: d
49. The reflection co-efficient at the open circuited end of a transmission line.
(a) zero
(b) infinity
(c) unity
Ans: c
50. For the protection of power station buildings against direct strokes the
requirements are
(a) interception
(b) interception and conduction
(c) interception, conduction and dissipation
(d) interception, conduction, dissipation and reflection
Ans: c
51. The line insulation is the insulation level of the station equipment.
(a) less than
(b) same as
(c) more than
(d) proportional to
(e) not directly related with
Ans: e
52. The interaction between a transmission line and communication line is

minimized by
(a) transposing transmission as well as communication lines
(b) increasing the height of the trans-mission line tower
(c) increasing the distance between the two lines
Ans: d
53. When a wave propagates on a transmission line, it suffers reflection several

times at
(a) tapping
(b) load end
(c) sending end
(d) sending and other end
Ans: d
54. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

(a) Station batteries are used to operate relay only
(b) The lightning arresters are basically surge diverters
(c) An impedance relay has maximum fault current when fault occurs near the
relay
(d) A high speed relay has an operation of 1 to 2 cycles
Ans: a
55. Discrimination between main and back up protection is provided by the use of
relays which are
(a) fact
(b) sensitive
(c) slow
Ans: c
56. Induction cup relay is operated due to changes in

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) impedance
Ans: d
57. A.C. network analyser is used to solve problems of

(a) load flow
(b) load flow and short-circuit
(c) load flow and stability
(d) load flow, short-circuit and stability
Ans: d
58. Which of the following statements is incorrect ?

(a) Lightning arrestors are used before the switchgear
(b) Shunt reactors are used as compensation reactors
(c) The peak short current is (1.8 xV2) times the A.C. component
(d) The MVA at fault is equal to base MVA divided by per unit equivalent fault
reactance
Ans: a
59. Short-circuit currents are due to

(a) single phase to ground faults
(b) phase to phase faults
(c) two phase to ground faults
(d) three phase faults
(e) any of these
Ans: e
60. To reduce short circuit fault currents are used.

(a) reactors
(b) resistors
(c) capacitors
Ans: a
61. Bus coupler is very essential in arrangement

(a) single bus
(b) double bus, double breaker
(c) main and transfer bus
Ans: c
62. For cost and safety, the outdoor substations are installed for voltages above
(a) 11 kV
(b) 33 kV
(c) 60kV
(d) 110kV
Ans: b
63. The short circuit in any winding of the transformer is the result of
(a) mechanical vibration
(b) insulation failure
(c) loose connection
(d) impulse voltage
Ans: d
64 relays are used for phase faults on long line.

(a) Impedance
(b) Reactance
(c) Either of the above
Ans: a
65. For which of the following protection from negative sequence currents is
provided ?
(a) Generators
(b) Motors
(c) Transmission line
(d) Transformers
Ans: a
66 relay is preferred for phase fault on short transmission line.

(a) Induction type
(b) Reactance
(c) Impedance
Ans: b
67. Distance relays are generally

(a) split-phase relays
(b) reactance relays
(c) impedance relays
Ans: d
68. For which of the following ratings of the transformer differential protection is
recommended ?
(a) above 30 kVA.
(b) equal to and above 5 MVA
(c) equal to and above 25 MVA
Ans: b
69. A _______ is used to measure the stator % winding temperature of the generator.
(a) thermocouple
(b) pyrometer
(c) resistance thermometer
(d) thermometer
Ans: c
70. The under voltage relay can be used for

(a) generators
(b) busbars
(c) transformers
(d) motors
Ans: e
71. The relay with inverse time characteristic will operate within
(a) 1.5 sec
(b) 5 to 10 sec
(c) 5 to 20 sec
(d) 20 to 30 sec
Ans: b
72. The single phasing relays are used for the protection of
(a) single phase motors only
(b) two phase motors only
(c) two single phase motors running in parallel
(d) three phase motors
Ans: d
73. Which of the following devices will receive voltage surge first travelling on the
transmission line ?
(a) Lightning arresters
(b) Relays
(c) Step-down transformer
(d) Switchgear
Ans: a
74. Which of the following parameter can be neglected for a short line ?
(a) Inductance
(b) Capacitance
(c) Resistance
(d) Reactance
Ans: b
75. Series reactors should have

(a) low resistance
(b) high resistance
(c) low impedance
(d) high impedance
Ans: a
76. Which of the following circuit breakers has high reliability and minimum
maintenance ?
(a) Air blast circuit breakers
(b) Circuit breaker with SF6 gas
(c) Vacuum circuit breakers
(d) Oil circuit breakers
Ans: b
77. Arc in a circuit breaker is interrupted at

(a) zero current
(b) maximum current
(c) minimum voltage
(d) maximum voltage
Ans: a
78 transmission line has reflection coefficient as one.
(a) Open circuit
(b) Short-circuit
(e) Long
Ans: a
79. What will be the reflection co-efficient of the wave of load connected to
transmission line if surge impedance of the line is equal to load ?
(a) Zero
(b) Unity
(c) Infinity
Ans: a
80. The inverse definite mean time relays are used for over current and earth fault
protection of transformer against
(a) heavy loads
(b) internal short-circuits
(c) external short-circuits
Ans: b
81. Over voltage protection is recommended for

(a) hydro-electric generators
(b) steam turbine generators
(c) gas turbine generators
Ans: d
82. Air blast circuit breakers for 400 kV power system are designed to operate in
(a) 100 microsecond
(b) 50 millisecond
(c) 0.5 sec
(d) 0.1 sec
Ans: b
83. Overfluxing protection is recommended for

(a) distribution transformer
(b) generator transformer of the power plant
(c) auto-transformer of the power plant
(d) station transformer of the power plant
Ans: b
84. Series capacitors are used to

(a) compensate for line inductive reactance
(b) compensate for line capacitive reactance
(c) improve line voltage
Ans: a
85. Admittance relay is _______ relay.

(a) impedance
(b) directional
(c) non-directional
Ans: b
86. The material used for fuse must have

(a) low melting point and high specific resistance
(b) low melting point and -low specific resistance
(c) high melting point and low specific resistance
(d) low melting point and any specific resistance
Ans: a
87. If the fault occurs near the impedance relay, the VII ratio will be
(a) constant for all distances
(b) lower than that of if fault occurs away from the relay
(c) higher than that of if fault occurs away from the relay
Ans: b
88. The torque produced in induction type relay (shaded pole structure) is
(a) inversely proportional to the current
(b) inversely proportional to the square of the current
(c) proportional to the current
(d) proportional to square of the current
Ans: b
89. The steady state stability of the power system can be increased by
(a) connecting lines in parallel
(b) connecting lines in series
(e) using machines of high impedance
(d) reducing the excitation of machines
Ans: a
90. The inductive interference between power and communication line can be
minimized by
(a) transposition of the power line
(b) transposition of the communication line
(d) increasing the distance between the conductors
Ans: c
91. The power loss is an important factor for the design of

(a) transmission line
(b) motor
(c) generator
(d) feeder
Ans: a
92. A fuse is connected

(a) in series with circuit
(b) in parallel with circuit
(c) either in series or in parallel with circuit
Ans: a
93. H.R.C. fuse, as compared to a rewirable fuse, has

(a) no ageing effect
(b) high speed of operation
(c) high rupturing capacity
Ans: d
94. The fuse rating is expressed in terms of

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) VAR
(d) kVA
Ans: a
95. The fuse blows off by

(a) burning
(b) arcing
(c) melting
Ans: c
96. On which of the following effects of electric current a fuse operates ?

(a) Photoelectric effect
(b) Electrostatic effect
(c) Heating effect
(d) Magnetic effect
Ans: c
97. An isolator is installed
(a) to operate the relay of circuit breaker
(b) as a substitute for circuit breaker
(c) always independent of the position of circuit breaker
(d) generally on both sides of a circuit breaker
Ans: d
98. A fuse in a motor circuit provides protection against

(a) overload
(b) short-circuit and overload
(c) open circuit, short-circuit and overload
Ans: b
99. Protection by fuses is generally not used beyond

(a) 20 A
(b) 50 A
(c) 100 A
(d) 200 A
Ans: c
100. A fuse is never inserted in

(a) neutral wire
(b) negative of D.C. circuit
(c) positive of D.C. circuit
(d) phase dine
Ans: a
101. Oil switches are employed for

(a) low currents circuits
(b) low voltages circuits
(c) high voltages and large currents circuits
(d) all circuits
Ans: c
102. A switchgear is device used for

(a) interrupting an electrical circuit
(b) switching an electrical circuit 111.
(c) switching and controlling an electrical circuit
(d) switching, controlling and protecting the electrical circuit and equipment
Ans: d
103. The fuse wire, in D.C. circuits, is inserted in

(a) negative circuit only
(b) positive circuit only
Ans: c
104. By which of the following methods major portion of the heat generated in a
H.R.C. fuse is dissipated ?
(a) Radiation
(b) Convection
(c) Conduction
Ans: c
105. A short-circuit is identified by

(a) no current flow
(b) heavy current flow
(c) voltage drop
(d) voltage rise
Ans: b
106. The information to the circuit breaker under fault conditions is provided by
(a) relay
(b) rewirable fuse
(c) H.R.C. only
Ans: a
107. To limit short-circuit current in a power system are used.

(a) earth wires
(b) isolators
(c) H.R.C. fuses
(d) reactors
Ans: d
108. A balanced 3-phase system consists of

(a) zero sequence currents only
(b) positive sequence currents only
(c) negative and zero sequence currents
(d) zero, negative and positive sequence currents
Ans: b
109. In a single bus-bar system there will be complete shut down when
(a) fault occurs on the bus itself
(b) fault occurs on neutral line
(c) two or more faults occur simultaneously
(d) fault occurs with respect to earthing
Ans: a
Economics of Power Generation
1. Load factor of a power station is defined as
(a) maximum demand/average load
(b) average load x maximum demand
(c) average load/maximum demand
(d) (average load x maximum demand)172
Ans: c
2. Load factor of a power station is generally

(a) equal to unity
(b) less than unity
(c) more than unity
(d) equal to zero Diversity factor is always
Ans: b
3. The load factor of domestic load is usually

(a) 10 to 15%
(b) 30 to 40%
(c) 50 to 60%
(d) 60 to 70%
Ans: a
4. Annual depreciation cost is calculated by

(a) sinkingfund method
(b) straight line method
Ans: c
5. Depreciation charges are high in case of

(a) thermal plant
(b) diesel plant
(c) hydroelectric plant
Ans: a
6. Demand factor is defined as

(a) average load/maximum load
(b) maximum demand/connected load
(c) connected load/maximum demand
(d) average load x maximum load
Ans: b
7. High load factor indicates

(a) cost of generation per unit power is increased
(b) total plant capacity is utilised for most of the time
(c) total plant capacity is not properly utilised for most of the time
Ans: b
8. A load curve indicates

(a) average power used during the period
(b) average kWh (kW) energy consumption during the period
Ans: b
9. Approximate estimation of power demand can be made by

(a) load survey method
(b) statistical methods
(c) mathematical method
(d) economic parameters
Ans: e
10. Annual depreciation as per straight line method, is calculated by

(a) the capital cost divided by number of year of life
(b) the capital cost minus the salvage value, is divided by the number of years of life
(c) increasing a uniform sum of money per annum at stipulated rate of interest
Ans: b
11. A consumer has to pay lesser fixed charges in

(a) flat rate tariff
(b) two part tariff
(c) maximum demand tariff
Ans: c
12. In two part tariff, variation in load factor will affect

(a) fixed charges
(b) operating or running charges
Ans: b
13. In Hopknison demand rate or two parttariff the demand rate or fixed charges
are
(a) dependent upon the energy consumed
(b) dependent upon the maximum demand of the consumer
Ans: b
14. Which plant can never have 100 percent load factor ?
(a) Peak load plant
(b) Base load plant
(c) Nuclear power plant
(d) Hydro electric plant
Ans: a
15. The area under a load curve gives

(a) average demand
(b) energy consumed
(c) maximum demand
Ans: b
16. Different generating stations use following prime movers

(a) diesel engine
(b) hydraulic turbine
(c) gas turbine
(d) steam turbine
Ans: e
17. Diversity factor has direct effect on the

(a) fixed cost of unit generated
(b) running cost of unit generated
Ans: a
18. Following power plant has instant starting

(a) nuclear power plant
(b) hydro power plant
(c) diesel power plant
Ans: d
19. Which of the following generating station has minimum ruiyiing cost ?
(a) Nuclear
(b) Hydro
(c) Thermal
(d) Diesel
Ans: b
20. Power plant having maximum demand more than the installed rated capacity
will have utilisation factor
(a) equal to unity
(b) less than unity
(c) more than unity
Ans: c
21. Load curve is useful in deciding the

(a) operating schedule of generating units
(b) sizes of generating units
(c) total installed capacity of the plant
Ans: d
22. Load curve of a power plant has always

(a) zero slope
(b) positive slope
(c) negative slope
(d) any combination of (a), (b) and (c)
Ans: e
23. Annual operating expenditure of a power plant consists of

(a) fixed charges
(b) semi-fixed charges
(c) running charges
Ans: d
24. Maximum demand on a power plant is

(a) the greatest of all "short time interval averaged" demand during a period
(b) instantaneous maximum value of kVA supplied during a period
(e) both (a) or (b)
Ans: a
25. Annual instalment towards depreciation reduces as rate of interest increases

with
(a) sinking fund depreciation
(b) straight line depreciation
(c) reducing balances depreciation
Ans: a
26. Annual depreciation of the plant it proportional to the earning capacity of the
plant vide
(a) sinking fund depreciation
(b) straight line depreciation
(c) reducing balances depreciation
Ans: c
27. For high value of diversity factor, a power station of given installed capacity
will be in a position to supply
(a) less number of consumers
(b) more number of consumers
(c) neither (a) nor (b)
Ans: b
28. Salvage value of the plant is always

(a) positive
(b) negative
(c) zero
Ans: d
29. Load curve helps in deciding

(a) total installed capacity of the plant
(b) sizes of the generating units
(c) operating schedule of generating units
Ans: d
30 can generate power at unpredictable or uncontrolled times,

(a) Solar power plant
(b) Tidal power plant
(c) Wind power plant
Ans: d
31. Direct conversion of heat into electric power is possible through

(a) fuel cell
(b) batteries
(c) thermionic converter
Ans: c
32. A low utilization factor for a plant indicates that

(a) plant is used for stand by purpose only
(b) plant is under maintenance
(c) plant is used for base load only
(d) plant is used for peak load as well as base load
Ans: a
33. Which of the following is not a source of power ?

(a) Thermocouple
(b) Photovoltaic cell
(c) Solar cell
(d) Photoelectric cell
Ans: a
34. Which of the following should be used for extinguishing electrical fires ?
(a) Water
(b) Carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher
(c) Foam type fire extinguisher
(d) CO2 fire extinguisher
Ans: b
35. Low power factor is usually not due to

(a) arc lamps
(b) induction motors
(c) fluorescent tubes
(d) incandescent lamp
Ans: d
36. Ships are generally powered by

(a) nuclear power plants
(b) hydraulic turbines
(e) diesel engines
(d) steam accumulators
Ans: c
37. Direct conversion of heat into electrical energy is possible through

(a) fuel cells
(b) solar cells
(c) MHD generators
Ans: c
38. Which of the following place is not associated with nuclear power plants in India ?
(a) Narora
(b) Tarapur
(c) Kota
(d) Benglore
Ans: d
39. During load shedding

(a) system power factor is changed
(b) some loads are switched off
(c) system voltage is reduced
(d) system frequency is reduced Efficiency is the secondary consideration in
Ans: b
40. which of the following plants ?

(a) Base load plants
(b) Peak load plants
Ans: b
41. Air will not be the working substance in which of the following ?
(a) Closed cycle gas turbine
(b) Open cycle gas turbine
(c) Diesel engine
(d) Petrol engine
Ans: a
42. A nuclear power plant is invariably used as a

(a) peak load plant
(b) base load plant
(c) stand-by plant
(d) spinning reserve plant
Ans: b
43. power plant is expected to have the longest life.

(a) Steam
(b) Diesel
(c) Hydroelectric
Ans: c
44. power plant cannot have single unit of 100 MW.

(a) Hydroelectric
(b) Nuclear
(c) Steam
(d) Diesel
(e) Any of the above
Ans: d
45. Which of the following, in a thermal power plant, is not a fixed cost ?
(a) Fuel cost
(b) Interest on capital
(c) Depreciation
(d) Insurance charges
Ans: a
46. _______ will offer the least load.

(a) Vacuum cleaner
(b) Television
(c) Hair dryer
(d) Electric shaver
Ans: d
47. In ______ fuel transportation cost is least.

(a) nuclear power plants
(b) diesel generating plants
(c) steam power stations
Ans: a
48. Which of the following equipment provides fluctuating load ?

(a) Exhaust fan
(b) Lathe machine
(c) Welding transformer
Ans: c
49. The increased load during summer months is due to

(a) increased business activity
(b) increased water supply
(c) increased use of fans and air conditioners
Ans: c
50 is the reserved generating capacity available for service under emergency

conditions which is not kept in operation but in working order,
(a) Hot reserve
(b) Cold reserve
(c) Spinning reserve
(d) Firm power
Ans: b
51. Generating capacity connected to the bus bars and ready to take load when
switched on is known as
(a) firm power
(b) cold reserve
(c) hot reserve
(d) spinning reserve
Ans: d
52. offers the highest electric load.
(a) Television set
(b) Toaster
(c) Vacuum cleaner
(d) Washing machine
Ans: b
53. _______ industry has the least power consumption per tonne of product.
(a) Soap
(b) Sugar
(c) Vegetable oil
(d) Caustic soda
Ans: c
54. With reference to a power station which of the following is not a fixed cost ?
(a) Fuel cost
(b) Interest on capital
(c) Insurance charges
(d) Depreciation
Ans: a
55. _______ is invariably used as base load plant.

(a) Diesel engine plant
(b) Nuclear power plant
(c) Gas turbine plant
(d) Pumped storage plant
Ans: b
56. In a power plant if the maximum demand on the plant is equal to the plant
capacity, then
(a) plant reserve capacity will be zero
(b) diversity factor will be unity
(c) load factor will be unity
(d) load factor will be nearly 60%
Ans: a
57. Incase of ______ fuel transportation is the major problem.

(a) diesel power plants
(b) nuclear power plants
(c) hydro-electric power plants
(d) thermal power plants
Ans: d
58. Which of the following power plants need the least period for installation ?
(a) Thermal power plant
(b) Diesel power plant
(d) Hydro-electric power plant
Ans: b
59. For which of the following power plants highly skilled engineers are required
for running the plants ?
(a) Nuclear power plants
(b) Gas turbine power plants
(c) Solar power plants
(d) Hydro-electric power plants
Ans: a
60. In which'of the following power plants the maintenance cost is usually high ?
(a) Nuclear power plant
(b) Hydro-electric power plants
(c) Thermal power plants
(d) Diesel engine power plants
Ans: c
61. ________ is invariably used for peak load

(a) Nuclear power plant
(b) Steam turbine plant
(c) Pumped storage plant
Ans: c
62. Which of the following is not an operating cost ?

(a) Maintenance cost
(b) Fuel cost
(c) Salaries of high officials
(d) Salaries of operating staff
Ans:
63. Which of the following is the essential requirement of peak load plant ?
(a) It should run at high speed
(b) It should produce high voltage
(c) It should be small in size
(d) It should be capable of starting quickly
Ans: d
64. Large capacity generators are invariably

(a) water cooled
(b) natural air cooled
(c) forced air cooled
(d) hydrogen cooled
Ans: d
65. By the use of which of the following power factor can be improved ?
(a) Phase advancers
(b) Synchronous compensators
(c) Static capacitors
Ans: d
66. An induction motor has relatively high power factor at

(a) rated r.p.m.
(b) no load
(c) 20 percent load
(d) near full load
Ans: d
67. Which of the following is the disadvantage due to low power factor ?
(a) Poor voltage regulation
(b) Increased transmission losses
(c) High cost of equipment for a given load
Ans: d
68. In a distribution system, in order to improve power factor, the synchronous

capacitors are installed
(a) at the receiving end
(b) at the sending end
Ans: a
69. Static capacitors are rated in terms of

(a) kW
(b) kWh
(e) kVAR
Ans: c
70. Which of the following is the disadvantage of a synchronous condenser ?

(a) High maintenance cost
(b) Continuous losses in motor
(c) Noise
Ans: d
71. For a consumer the most economical power factor is generally
(a) 0.5 lagging
(b) 0.5 leading
(c) 0.95 lagging
(d) 0.95 leading
Ans: c
72. A synchronous condenser is virtually which of the following ?

(a) Induction motor
(b) Under excited synchronous motor
(c) Over excited synchronous motor
(d) D.C. generator
Ans: c
73. For a power plant which of the following constitutes running cost ?
(a) Cost of wages
(b) Cost of fuel
(c) Cost of lubricants
Ans: d
74. In an interconnected system, the diversity factor of the whole system

(a) remains unchanged
(b) decreases
(c) increases
Ans: c
75. Generators for peak load plants are usually designed for maximum efficiency at
(a) 25 to 50 percent full load
(b) 50 to 75 percent full load
(c) full load
(d) 25 percent overload
Ans: b
76. ________ will be least affected due to charge in supply voltage frequency.
(a) Electric clock
(b) Mixer grinder
(c) Ceiling fan
(d) Room heater
Ans: d
77. The connected load of a IVMIM uir consumer is around

(a) 5 kW
(b) 40 k\V
(c) 80 kW
(d) 120 kW
Ans: a
78. Which of the following is not necessarily an advantage of interconnecting

various power stations ?
(a) Improved frequency of power supplied
(b) Reduction in total installed capacity
(c) Increased reliability
(d) Economy in operation of plants
Ans: a
79. A power transformer is usually rated in

(a) kW
(b) kVAR
(c) kWh
(d) kVA
Ans: d
80. public sector undertaking is associated with erection and sometimes running
of thermal power plants
(a) NTPC
(b) SAIL
(c) BEL
(d) BHEL
Ans: a
81. Most efficient plants are normally used as

(a) peak load plants
(b) base load plants
Ans:
82. For a diesel generating station the useful life is expected to be around
(a) 15 to 20 years
(b) 20 to 50 years
(c) 50 to 75 years
(d) 75 to 100 years
Ans: a
83. Which of the following is not a method for estimating depreciation charges ?
(a) Sinking fund method
(b) Straight line method
(c) Diminishing value method
(d) Halsey's 5050 formula
Ans: d
84. The expected useful life of an hydroelectric power station is around

(a) 15 years
(b) 30 years
(c) 60 years
(d) 100 years
Ans: d
85. In a load curve the highest point represents

(a) peak demand
(b) average demand
(c) diversified demand
Ans: a
86. Which of the following source of power is least reliable ?

(a) Solar energy
(b) Geothermal power
(c) Wind power
(d) iMHD
Ans:
87. In India production and distribution of electrical energy is confined to

(a) private sector
(b) public sector
(c) government sectors
(d) joint sector
Ans: b
88. A pilot exciter is provided on generators for which of the following reasons ?
(a) To excite the poles of main exciter
(b) To provide requisite starting torque to main exciter
(c) To provide requisite starting torque to generator
Ans: a
89. The primary reason for low power factor is supply system is due to installation
of
(a) induction motors
(b) synchronous motors
(c) single phase motors
(d) d.c. motors
Ans: a
90. An over excited synchronous motor on noload is known as
(a) synchronous condenser
(b) generator
(c) induction motor
(d) alternator
Ans: a
91. Which of the following is an advantage of static capacitor for power factor
improvement ?
(a) Little maintenance cost
(b) Ease in installation
(c) Low losses
Ans: d
92. For any type of consumer the ideal tariff is

(a) two part tariff
(b) three part tariff
(c) block rate tariff
Ans: b
93. The efficiency of a plant is of least concern when it is selected as

(a) peak load plant
(b) casual run plant
(d) base load plant
Ans: c
94. Which of the following plants is almost inevitably used as base load plant ?
(a) Diesel engine plant
(b) Gas turbine plant
(d) Pumped storage plant
Ans: c
95. Which of the following component, in a steam power plant, needs maximum
maintenance attention ?
(a) Steam turbine
(b) Condenser
(c) Water treatment plant
(d) Boiler
Ans: d
96. For the same cylinder dimensions and speed, which of the following engine will
produce least power ?
(a) Supercharged engine
(b) Diesel engine
(c) Petrol engine
(d) All of the above engines will equal power
Ans: c
97. The least share of power is provided in India, by which of the following power
plants ? '
(a) Diesel power plants
(b) Thermal power plants
(c) Hydro-electric power plants
(d) Nuclear power plants
Ans: a
98. Submarines for under water movement, are powered by which of the following
?
(a) Steam accumulators
(b) Air motors
(c) Diesel engines
(d) Batteries
Ans: d
99. An alternator coupled to a _____ runs at slow speed, as compared to as compared

to others.
(a) diesel engine
(6) hydraulic turbine
(c) steam turbine
(d) gas turbine
Ans: b
100. The effect of electric shock on human body depends on which of the following
(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) duration of contact
Ans: d
101. Which lightening stroke is most dangerous ?

(a) Direct stroke on line conductor
(b) Indirect stroke on conductor
(c) Direct stroke on tower top
(d) Direct stroke on ground wire
Ans: a
102. Which of the following devices may be used to provide protection against
lightening over voltages ?
(a) Horn gaps
(b) Rod gaps
(c) Surge absorbers
Ans: d
103. When the demand of consumers is not met by a power plant, it will resort to
which of the following ?
(a) Load shedding
(b) Power factor improvement at the , generators
(c) Penalising high load consumers by increasing the charges for electricity
(d) Efficient plant operation
Ans: a
104. Load shedding is possible through which of the following ?

(a) Switching of the loads
(b) Frequency reduction
(c) Voltage reduction
Ans: d
105. In power plants insurance cover is provided for which of the following ?
(a) Unskilled workers only
(b) Skilled workers only
(c) Equipment only
Ans: d
106 A company can raise funds through

(a) fixed deposits
(b) shares
(c) bonds
Ans: d
107. Which of the following are not repayable after a stipulated period ?
(a) Shares
(b) Fixed deposits
(c) Cash certificates
(d) Bonds
Ans: a
108. The knowledge of diversity factor helps in determining

(a) plant capacity
(b) average load
(c) peak load
(d) kWh generated
Ans: a
109. Which of the following is the disadvantage of static capacitor for power factor
improvement ?
(a) Easily damaged by high voltage
(b) Cannot be repaired
(c) Short service life
Ans: d
Rectifiers and Converters

1. Which of the following are the applications of D.C. system ?
(a) Battery charging work
(b) Arc welding
(c) Electrolytic and electro-chemical processes
(d) Arc lamps for search lights
Ans: e
2. Which of the following methods may be used to convert A.C. system to D.C. ?
(a) Rectifiers
(b) Motor converters
(c) Motor-generator sets
(d) Rotary converters
Ans: e
3. In a single phase rotary converter the number of slip rings will be

(a) two
(b) three
(c) four
(d) six
(e) none
Ans: a
4. A synchronous converter can be started

(a) by means of a small auxiliary motor
(b) from AC. side as induction motor
(c) from D.C. side as D.C. motor
(d) any of the above methods
(e) none of the above methods
Ans: d
5. A rotary converter is a single machine with
(a) one armature and one field
(b) two armatures and one field
(c) one armature and two fields
Ans: a
6. A rotary converter combines the function of

(a) an induction motor and a D.C. generator
(b) a synchronous motor and a D.C. generator.
(c) a D.C. series motor and a D.C. generator
Ans: b
7. Which of the following is reversible in action ?

(a) Motor generator set
(b) Motor converter
(c) Rotary converter
Ans: c
8. Which of the following metals is generally manufactured by electrolysis process ?

(a) Load
(b) Aluminium
(c) Copper
(d) Zinc
Ans: b
9. With a motor converter it is possible to obtain D.C. voltage only upto
(a) 200-100 V
(6) 600800 V
(c) 10001200 V
(d) 17002000 V
Ans: d
10. Normally, which of the following is used, when a large-scale conversion from AC.
to D.C. power is required ?
(a) Motor-generator set
(b) Motor converter
(c) Rotary converter
(d) Mercury arc rectifier
Ans: d
11. A rotary converter in general construction and design, is more or less like
(a) a transformer
(b) an induction motor
(c) an alternator
(d) any D.C. machine
Ans: d
12. A rotary converter operates at a

(a) low power factor
(6) high power factor
(c) zero power factor
Ans: b
13. In which of the following appUcations, direct current is absolutely essential ?

(a) Illumination
(b) Electrolysis
(c) Variable speed operation
(d) Traction
Ans: b
14. Which of the following AC. motors is usually used in large motor-generator sets?
(a) Synchronous motor
(b) Squirrel cage induction motor
(c) Slip ring induction motor
Ans: a
15. In a rotary converter armature currents are

(a) d.c. only
(b) a.c. only
(c) partly a.c. and partly d.c.
Ans: c
16. In which of the following equipment direct current is needed ?

(a) Telephones
(b) Relays
(c) Time switches
Ans: d
17. In a rotary converter I2R losses as compared to a D.C. generator of the same size
will be
(a) same
(b) less
(c) double
(d) three times
Ans: b
18. In a mercury arc rectifier positive ions are attracted towards

(a) anode
(b) cathode
(c) shell bottom
(d) mercury pool
Ans: b
19. Mercury, in arc rectifiers, is chosen for cathode because

(a) its ionization potential is relatively low
(b) its atomic weight is quite high
(c) its boiling point and specific heat are low
(d) it remains in liquid state at ordinary temperature
Ans: e
20. The ionization potential of mercury is approximately

(a) 5.4 V
(b) 8.4 V
(c) 10.4 V
(d) 16.4 V
Ans: c
21. The potential drop in the arc, in a mercury arc rectifier, varies
(a) 0.05 V to 0.2 V per cm length of the arc
(b) 0.5 V to 1.5 V per cm length of the arc
(c) 2 V to 3.5 V per cm length of the arc
Ans: d
22. The voltage drop between the anode and cathode, of a mercury arc rectifier
comprises of the following
(a) anode drop and cathode drop
(b) anode drop and arc drop
(c) cathode drop and arc drop
(d) anode drop, cathode drop and arc drop
Ans: d
23. Glass rectifiers are usually made into units capable of D.C. output (maximum
continuous rating) of
(a) 100 A at 100 V
(b) 200 A at 200 V
(c) 300 A at 300 V
(d) 400 A at 400 V
(e) 500 A at 500 V
Ans: e
24. The voltage drop at anode, in a mercury arc rectifier is due to

(a) self restoring property of mercury
(b) high ionization potential
(c) energy spent in overcoming the electrostatic field
(d) high temperature inside the rectifier
Ans: c
25. The internal efficiency of a mercury arc rectifier depends on

(a) voltage only
(b) current only
(c) voltage and current
(d) r.m.s. value of current
Ans: a
26. If cathode and anode connections in a mercury arc rectifier are inter changed
(a) the rectifier will not operate
(b) internal losses will be reduced
(c) both ion and electron streams will move in the same direction
(d) the rectifier will operate at reduced efficiency
Ans: a
27. The cathdde voltage drop, in a mercury arc rectifier, is due to

(a) expenditure of energy in ionization
(b) surface resistance
(c) expenditure of energy in overcoming the electrostatic field
(d) expenditure of energy in liberating electrons from the mercury
Ans: d
28. To produce cathode spot in a mercury arc rectifier

(a) anode is heated
(b) tube is evacuated
(c) an auxiliary electrode is used
(d) low mercury vapour pressures are used
Ans: c
29. The advantage of mercury arc rectifier is that

(a) it is light in weight and occupies small floor space
(b) it has high efficiency
(c) it has high overload capacity
(d) it is comparatively noiseless
Ans: e
30. In a mercury pool rectifier, the voltage drop across its electrodes
(a) is directly proportional to load
(b) is inversely proportional to load
(c) varies exponentially with the load current
(d) is almost independent of load current
Ans: d
31. In a three-phase mercury arc rectifiers each anode conducts for

(a) one-third of a cycle
(b) one-fourth of a cycle
(c) one-half a cycle
(d) two-third of a cycle
Ans: a
32. In a mercury arc rectifier characteristic blue luminosity is due to

(a) colour of mercury
(b) ionization
(c) high temperature
(d) electron streams
Ans: b
33. Which of the following mercury arc rectifier will deliver least undulating current?
(a) Six-phase
(b) Three-phase
(c) Two-phase
(d) Single-phase
Ans: a
34. In a glass bulb mercury arc rectifier the maximum current rating is restricted to
(a) 2000 A
(b) 1500 A
(c) 1000 A
(d) 500 A
Ans: d
35. In a mercury arc rectifier______ flow from anode to cathode

(a) ions
(b) electrons
(c) ions and electrons
Ans: a
36. When a rectifier is loaded which of the following voltage drops take place ?
(a) Voltage drop in transformer reactance
(6) Voltage drop in resistance of transformer and smoothing chokes
(c) Arc voltage drop
Ans: d
37. On which of the following factors the number of phases for which a rectifier should
be designed depend ?
(a) The voltage regulation of the rectifier should be low
(b) In the output circuit there should be no harmonics
(c) The power factor of the system should be high
(d) The rectifier supply transformer should be utilized to the best ad-vantage
Ans: e
38. A mercury arc rectifier possesses ________ regulation characteristics

(a) straight line
(b) curved line
(c) exponential
Ans: d
39. It is the_______of the transformer on which the magnitude of angle of overlap

depends.
(a) resistance
(b) capacitance
(c) leakage reactance
Ans: c
41. In a grid control of mercury arc rectifiers when the grid is made positive relative to
cathode, then it the electrons on their may to anode.
(a) accelerates
(b) decelerates
Ans: a
42. In mercury arc rectifiers having grid, the arc can be struck between anode and
cathode only when the grid attains a certain potential, this potential being known as
(a) maximum grid voltage
(b) critical grid voltage
Ans: b
43. In phase-shift control method the control is carried out by varying the of grid
voltage.
(a) magnitude
(b) polarity
(c) phase
Ans: c
16.44. In a phase-shift control method, the phase shift between anode and grid
voltages can be achieved by means of
(a) shunt motor
(6) synchronous motor
(c) induction regulator
(d) synchronous generator
Ans: c
45. The metal rectifiers are preferred to valve rectifiers due to which of the following
advantages ?
(a) They are mechanically strong
(b) They do not require any voltage for filament heating
Ans: c
46. Which of the following statement is incorrect ?

(a) Copper oxide rectifier is a linear device
(b) Copper oxide rectifier is not a perfect rectifier
(c) Copper oxide rectifier has a low efficiency
(d) Copper oxide rectifier finds use in control circuits
(e) Copper oxide rectifier is not stable during early life
Ans: a
47. The efficiency of the copper oxide rectifier seldom exceeds

(a) 90 to 95%
(b) 85 to 90%
(c) 80 to 85%
(d) 65 to 75%
Ans: d
48. Copper oxide rectifier is usually designed not to operate above

(a) 10C
(b) 20C
(c) 30C
(d) 45C
Ans: d
49. Selenium rectifier can be operated at temperatures as high as

(a) 25C
(b) 40C
(c) 60C
(d) 75C
Ans: d
50. In selenium rectifiers efficiencies ranging from ______ to ______ percent are
attainable
(a) 25, 35
(b) 40, 50
(c) 60, 70
(d) 75, 85
Ans: d
51. Ageing of a selenium rectifier may change the output voltage by

(a) 5 to 10 per cent
(b) 15 to 20 per cent
Ans: a
52. The applications of selenium rectifiers are usually limited to potential of

(a) 10 V
(b) 30 V
(c) 60 V
(d) 100 V
(e) 200 V
Ans: d
53. Which of the following rectifiers have been used extensively in supplying direct
current for electroplating ?
(a) Copper oxide rectifiers
(b) Selenium rectifiers
(c) Mercury arc rectifiers
(d) Mechanical rectifiers
Ans: b
54. A commutating rectifier consists of commutator driven by

(a) an induction motor
(b) a synchronous motor
(c) a D.C. series motor
(d) a D.C. shunt motor
Ans: b
55. Which of the following rectifiers are primarily used for charging of low voltage
batteries from AC. supply ?
(a) Mechanical rectifiers
(b) Copper oxide rectifiers
(c) Selenium rectifiers
(d) Electrolytic rectifiers
(e) Mercury arc rectifiers
Ans: d
56. The efficiency of an electrolytic rectifier is nearly

(a) 80%
(b) 70%
(c) 60%
(d) 40%
Ans: c
57. Which of the following is the loss within the mercury arc rectifier chamber ?
(a) Voltage drop in arc
(6) Voltage drop at the anode
(c) Voltage drop at the cathode
Ans: d
58. The metal rectifiers, as compared to mercury arc rectifiers

(a) operate on low temperatures
(b) can operate on high voltages
(c) can operate on heavy loads
(d) give poor regulation
Ans: a
59. In a mercury arc rectifier, the anode is usually made of

(a) copper
(b) aluminium
(c) silver
(d) graphite
(e) tungsten
Ans: d
60. The ignited or auxiliary anode in mercury arc rectifier is made of

(a) graphite
(b) boron carbide
(c) aluminium
(d) copper
Ans: b
Electromagnetic Induction
1. The property of coil by which a counter e.m.f. is induced in it when the current
through the coil changes is known as
(a) self-inductance
(b) mutual inductance
(c) series aiding inductance
(d) capacitance
Ans: a
2. As per Faraday's laws of electromagnetic induction, an e.m.f. is induced in a

conductor whenever it
(a) lies perpendicular to the magnetic flux
(b) lies in a magnetic field
(e) cuts magnetic flux
(d) moves parallel to the direction of the magnetic field
Ans: c
3. Which of the following circuit element stores energy in the electromagnetic field ?
(a) Inductance
(b) Condenser
(c) Variable resistor
(d) Resistance
Ans: a
4. The inductance of a coil will increase under all the following conditions except
(a) when more length for the same number of turns is provided
(6) when the number of turns of the coil increase
(c) when more area for each turn is provided
(d) when permeability of the core increases
Ans: a
5. Higher the self-inductance of a coil,

(a) lesser its weber-turns
(b) lower the e.m.f. induced
(c) greater the flux produced by it
(d) longer the delay in establishing steady current through it
Ans: d
6. In an iron cored coil the iron core is removed so that the coil becomes an air cored
coil. The inductance of the coil will
(a) increase
(b) decrease
(c) remain the same
(d) initially increase and then decrease
Ans: b
7. An open coil has
(a) zero resistance and inductance
(b) infinite resistance and zero inductance
(c) infinite resistance and normal inductance
(d) zero resistance and high inductance
Ans: b
8. Both the number of turns and the core length of an inductive coil are doubled.
Its self-inductance will be
(a) unaffected
(b) doubled
(c) halved
(d) quadrupled
Ans: b
9. If current in a conductor increases then according to Lenz's law self-induced voltage

will
(a) aid the increasing current
(b) tend to decrease the amount of cur-rent
(c) produce current opposite to the in-creasing current
(d) aid the applied voltage
Ans: c
10. The direction of induced e.m.f. can be found by

(a) Laplace's law
(b) Lenz's law
(c) Fleming's right hand rule
(d) Kirchhoff s voltage law
Ans: b
11. Air-core coils are practically free from

Ans: c
12. The magnitude of the induced e.m.f. in a conductor depends on the

(a) flux density of the magnetic field
(b) amount of flux cut
(c) amount of flux linkages
(d) rate of change of flux-linkages
Ans: d
13. Mutually inductance between two magnetically-coupled coils depends on

(a) permeability of the core
(b) the number of their turns
(c) cross-sectional area of their common core
Ans: d
14. A laminated iron core has reduced eddy-current losses because

(a) more wire can be used with less D.C. resistance in coil
(b) the laminations are insulated from each other
(c) the magnetic flux is concentrated in the air gap of the core
(d) the laminations are stacked vertfcally
Ans: b
15. The law that the induced e.m.f. and current always oppose the cause producing
them is due to
(a) Faraday
(b) Lenz
(c) Newton
(d) Coulomb
Ans: b
16. Which of the following is not a unit of inductance ?

(a) Henry
(b) Coulomb/volt ampere
(c) Volt second per ampere
Ans: b
17. In case of an inductance, current is proportional to

(a) voltage across the inductance
(b) magnetic field
Ans: b
18. Which of the following circuit elements will oppose the change in circuit current ?
(a) Capacitance
(b) Inductance
(c) Resistance
Ans: b
19. For a purely inductive circuit which of the following is true ?

(a) Apparent power is zero
(b) Relative power is.zero
(c) Actual power of the circuit is zero
(d) Any capacitance even if present in the circuit will not be charged
Ans: c
20. Which of the following is unit of inductance ?

(a) Ohm
(b) Henry
(c) Ampere turns
(d) Webers/metre
Ans: b
21. An e.m.f. of 16 volts is induced in a coil of inductance 4H. The rate of change of
current must be
(a) 64 A/s
(b) 32 A/s
(c) 16 A/s
(d) 4 A/s
Ans: d
22. The core of a coil has a length of 200 mm. The inductance of coil is 6 mH. If the
core length is doubled, all other quantities, remaining the same, the inductance will be
(a) 3 mH
(b) 12 mH
(c) 24mH
(d)48mH
Ans: a
23. The self inductances of two coils are 8 mH and 18 mH. If the co-efficients of
coupling is 0.5, the mutual inductance of the coils is
(a) 4 mH
(b) 5 mH
(c) 6 mH
(d) 12 mH
Ans: c
24. Two coils have inductances of 8 mH and 18 mH and a co-efficient of coupling of

0.5. If the two coils are connected in series aiding, the total inductance will be
(a) 32 mH
(b) 38 mH
(c) 40 mH
(d) 48 mH
Ans: b
25. A 200 turn coil has an inductance of 12 mH. If the number of turns is increased to
400 turns, all other quantities (area, length etc.) remaining the same, the inductance
will be
(a) 6 mH
(b) 14 mH
(c) 24 mH
(d) 48 mH
Ans: d
26. Two coils have self-inductances of 10 H and 2 H, the mutual inductance being zero.
If the two coils are connected in series, the total inductance will be
(a) 6 H
(b) 8 H
(c) 12 H
(d) 24 H
Ans: c
27. In case all the flux from the current in coil 1 links with coil 2, the co-efficient of
coupling will be
(a) 2.0
(b) 1.0
(c) 0.5
(d) zero
Ans: b
28. A coil with negligible resistance has 50V across it with 10 mA. The inductive
reactance is
(a) 50 ohms
(b) 500 ohms
(c) 1000 ohms
(d) 5000 ohms
Ans: d
29. A conductor 2 meters long moves at right angles to a magnetic field of flux density
1 tesla with a velocity of 12.5 m/s. The induced e.m.f. in the conductor will be
(a) 10 V
(6) 15 V
(c) 25V
(d) 50V
Ans: c
30. Lenz's law is a consequence of the law of conservation of

(a) induced current
(b) charge
(c) energy
(d) induced e.m.f.
Ans: c
31. A conductor carries 125 amperes of current under 60 to a magnetic field of 1.1
tesla. The force on the conductor will be
nearly
(a) 50 N
(b) 120 N
(c) 240 N
(d) 480 N
Ans: b
32. Find the force acting on a conductor 3m long carrying a current of 50 amperes at
right angles to a magnetic field having a flux density of 0.67 tesla.
(a) 100 N
(b) 400 N
(c) 600 N
(d) 1000 N
Ans: a
33. The co-efficient of coupling between two air core coils depends on
(a) self-inductance of two coils only
(b) mutual inductance between two coils only
(c) mutual inductance and self inductance of two coils
Ans: c
34. An average voltage of 10 V is induced in a 250 turns solenoid as a result of a

change in flux which occurs in 0.5 second. The total flux change is
(a) 20 Wb
(b) 2 Wb
(c) 0.2 Wb
(d) 0.02 Wb
Ans: d
35. A 500 turns solenoid develops an average induced voltage of 60 V. Over what time
interval must a flux change of 0.06 Wb occur to produce such a voltage ?
(a) 0.01 s
(b) 0.1 s
(c) 0.5 s
(d) 5 s
Ans: c
36. Which of the fpllowing inductor will have the least eddy current losses ?
(a) Air core
(b) Laminated iron core
(c) Iron core
(d) Powdered iron core
Ans: a
37. A coil induces 350 mV when the current changes at the rate of 1 A/s. The value of
inductance is
(a) 3500 mH
(b) 350 mH
(c) 250 mH
(d) 150 mH
Ans: b
38. Two 300 uH coils in series without mutual coupling have a total inductance of
(a) 300 uH
(b) 600 uH
(c) 150 uH
(d) 75 uH
Ans: b
39. Current changing from 8 A to 12 A in one second induced 20 volts in a coil.

The value of inductance is
(a) 5 mH
(b) 10 mH
(c) 5 H
(d) 10 H
Ans: c
40. Which circuit element(s) will oppose the change in circuit current ?
(a) Resistance only
(b) Inductance only
(c) Capacitance only
(d) Inductance and capacitance
Ans: b
41. A crack in the magnetic path of an inductor will result in

(a) unchanged inductance
(b) increased inductance
(c) zero inductance
(d) reduced inductance
Ans: d
42. A coil is wound on iron core which carries current I. The self-induced voltage in
the coil is not affected by
(a) variation in coil current
(b) variation in voltage to the coil
(c) change of number of turns of coil
(d) the resistance of magnetic path
Ans: b
43. A moving magnetic field will produce the same effect as a conductor that is
moving.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans:
44. The polarity of the induced voltage can be determined by using the left-hand
generator rule.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
45. Increasing the field or increasing the current will decrease the force on the
conductor.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b
46. Reversing the field or the current will reverse the force on the conductor.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
47. When a conductor moves in the field, so that it makes an angle 8 with the lines of
flux, the force F is given as : F = Bl sin2 0.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b
48. The self-inductance of the coil may be defined as equal to the e.m.f. induced in
volts when the current in the circuit changes at the rate of unit Weber turns.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b
Electrostatics
1. The force between two charges is 120 N. If the distance between the charges is
doubled, the force will be
(a) 60 N
(b) 30 N
(c) 40 N
(d) 15 N
Ans: b
2. The electric field intensity at a point situated 4 meters from a point charge is 200
N/C. If the distance is reduced to 2 meters, the field intensity will be
(a) 400 N/C
(b) 600 N/C
(c) 800 N/C
(d) 1200 N/C
Ans: c
3. The lines of force due to charged particles are

(a) always straight
(b) always curved
(c) sometimes curved
Ans: b
4. The electric field at a point situated at a distance d from straight charged conductor
is
(a) proportional to d
(b) inversely proportional to d
(c) inversely proportional to d
Ans: b
5. The direction of electric field due +0 positive charge is .

(a) away from the charge
(b) towards the charge
(c) both (a) and (6)
Ans: a
6. A field line and an equipotential surface are

(a) always parallel
(b) always at 90
(c) inclined at any angle 0
Ans: b
7. The ability of charged bodies to exert force on 6ne another is attributed to the
existence of
(a) electrons
(b) protons
(c) neutrons
(d) electric field
Ans: d
8. If the sheet of a bakelite is inserted between the plates of an air capacitor, the
capacitance will
(a) decrease
(b) increase
(c) remains unchanged
(d) become zero
Ans: b
9. A capacitor stores 0.24 coulombs at 10 volts. Its capacitance is

(a) 0.024 F
(b) 0.12 F
(c) 0.6 F
(d) 0.8 F
Ans: a
10. For making a capacitor, it is better to select a dielectric having

(a) low permittivity
(b) high permittivity
(c) permittivity same as that of air
(d) permittivity slightly more than that of air
Ans: b
11. The units of capacitance are

(a) volts/coulomb
(b) coulombs/volt
(c) ohms
(d) henry/Wb
Ans: b
12. If three 15 uF capacitors are connected in series, the net capacitance is

(a) 5 uF
(6) 30 uF
(c) 45 uF
(d) 50 uF
Ans: a
13. If three 10 uF capacitors are connected in parallel, the net cararitance is

(a) 20 uF
(b) 30 uE
(c) 40 uF
(d) 50 uF
Ans: b
14. A dielectric material must be

(a) resistor
(b) insulator
(c) good conductor
(d) semi conductor
Ans: b
15. An electrolytic capacitor can be used for

(a) D.C. only
(b) AC. only
(c) both D.C. as well as A.C.
Ans: a
16. The capacitance of a capacitor is not affected by

(a) distance between plates
(6) area of plates
(c) thickness of plates
Ans: c
17. Which of the following is not a vector ?

(a) Linear momentum
(b) Angular momentum
(c) Electric field
(d) Electric potential
Ans: b
18. Two plates of a parallel plate capacitor after being charged from a constant voltage
source are separated apart by means of insulated handles, then the
(a) Voltage across the plates increases
(b) voltage across the plates decreases
(c) charge on the capacitor decreases
(d) charge on the capacitor increases
Ans: b
19. If A.C. voltage is applied to capacitive circuit, the alternating current can flow in
the circuit because
(a) varying voltage produces the charging and dicharging currents
(b) of high peak value
(c) charging current can flow
(d) discharge current can flow
Ans: a
20. Voltage applied across a ceramic dielectric produces an electrolytic field 100 times
greater than air. What will be the value of dielectric constant ?
(a) 50
(6) 100
(c) 150
(d) 200
Ans: b
(a) Air capacitors have a black band to indicate the outside foil
(6) Electrolytic capacitor must be connected in the correct polarity
(c) Ceramic capacitors must be connected in the correct polarity
(d) Mica capacitors are available in capacitance value of 1 to 10 pF
Ans: b
22. The dissipation factor of a good dielectric is of the order of

(a) 0.0002
(b) 0.002
(c) 0.02
(d) 0.2
Ans: a
23. "The total electric flux through any closed surface surrounding charges is equal to
the amount oflcharge enclosed".
(a) Coulomb's square law
(b) Gauss's law
(c) Maxwell's first law
(d) Maxwell's second law
Ans: b
24. Three capacitors each of the capacity C are given. The resultant capacity 2/3 C
can be obtained by using them
(a) all in series
(b) all in parallel
(c) two in parallel and third in series with this combination
(d) two in series and third in parallel across this combination
Ans: c
25. For which of the following parameter variation, the capacitance of the capacitor
remains unaffected ?
(a) Distance between plates
(b) Area of the plates
(c) Nature of dielectric
(d) Thickness of the plates
Ans: d
26. Which of the following statement is true ?

(a) The current in the discharging capacitor grows linearly
(b) The current in the dicharging capacitor grows exponentially
(c) The current in the discharging capacitor decays exponentially
(d) The current in the discharging capacitor decreases constantly
Ans: b
27. Which of the following expression is correct for electric field strength ?
(a) E = D/E
(b) E = D2/t
(c) E = jtD
(d) E= nD2
Ans: a
28. In a capacitor the electric charge is stored in

(a) metal plates
(b) dielectric
Ans: b
29. Which of the following materials has the highest value of dielectric constant?
(a) Glass
(b) Vacuum
(c) Ceramics
(d) Oil
Ans: c
30. Which of the following capacitors will have the least variation ?
(a) Paper capacitor
(b) Ceramic capacitor
(c) Silver plated mica capacitor
Ans: c

(a) The leakage resistance of ceramic capacitors is generally high
(b) The stored energy in a capacitor decreases with reduction in value of capacitance
(c) The stored energy in a capacitor increases with applied voltage
(d) A wire cable has distributed capacitance between the conductors
Ans: b
32. Which of the following capacitors has relatively shorter shelf life ?
(a) Mica capacitor
(b) Electrolytic capacitor
(c) Ceramic capacitor
(d) Paper capacitor
Ans: b
33. The sparking between two electrical contacts can be reduced by inserting a
(a) capacitor in parallel with contacts
(6) capacitor in series with each contact
(c) resistance in line
Ans: a
34. In the case of a lossy capacitor, its series equivalent resistance value will be
(a) small
(b) very small
(c) large
(d) zero
Ans: c
35. The power dissipated in a pure capacitor is

(a) zero
(6) proportional to applied voltage
(c) proportional to value of capacitance
(d) both (b) and (c) above
Ans: a
36. In a capacitive circuit

(a) a steady value of applied voltage causes discharge
(b) an increase in applied voltage makes a capacitor charge
(c) decrease in applied voltage makes a capacitor charge
Ans: b
37. When a dielectric slab is introduced in a parallel plate capacitor, the potential
difference between plates will
(a) remain uncharged
(b) decrease
(c) increase
(d) become zero
Ans: b
38. Capacitance increases with

(a) increase in plate area and decrease in distance between the plates
(b) increase in plate area and distance between the plates
(c) decrease in plate area and value of applied voltage
(d) reduction in plate area and distance between the plates
Ans: a
39. A capacitor consists of

(a) two insulators separated by a conductor
(b) two conductors separated by an insulator
(c) two insulators only
(d) two conductors only
Ans: b
40. A gang condenser is a
(a) polarised capacitor
(6) variable capacitor
(c) ceramic capacitor
Ans:
41. A paper capacitor is usually available in the form of

(a) tubes
(b) rolled foil
(c) disc
(d) meshed plates
Ans: b
42. Air capacitors are generally available in the range

(a) 10 to 400 pF
(b) 1 to 20 pF
(c) 100 to 900 pF
(d) 20 to 100 pF
Ans: a
43. The unit of capacitance is

(a) henry
(b) ohm
(c) farad
(d) farad/m
Ans: c
44. A capacitor charged to 200 V has 2000 (iC of charge. The value of capacitance will
be
(a) 10 F
(6) 10 uF
(c) 100 nF
(d) 1000 uF
Ans: b
45. A capacitor in a circuit became hot and ultimately exploded due to wrong
connections, which type of capacitor it could be ?
(a) Paper capacitor
(c) Electrolytic capacitor
(d) Any-of the above
Ans: c
46. Energy stored in the electric field of a capacitor C when charged from a D.C source
of voltage V is equal to joules
(a) CV2
(b) C2V
(c) CV2
(d) CV
Ans: a
47. The absolute permittivity of free space is given by

(a) 8.854 x 1(T9 F/m)
(6) 8.854 x 1(T10 F/m)
(c) 8.854 x KT11 F/m
(d) 8.854 x 10"12 F/m
Ans: b
48. The relative permittivity of free space is given by

(a) 1
(b) 10
(c) 100
(d) 1000
Ans: a
49. Electric field intensity is a quantity

(a) scalar
(b) vector
Ans: b
50. When 4 volts e.m.f. is applied across a 1 farad capacitor, it will store energy of
(a) 2 joules
(b) 4 joules
(c) 6 joules
(d) 8 joules
Ans: d
51. The capacitor preferred for high frequency circuits is

(a) air capacitor
(b) mica capacitor
(c) electrolytic capacitor
Ans: b
52. The capacity of capacitor bank used in power factor correction is expressed in
terms of
(a) kW
(b) kVA
(c) kVAR
(d) volts
Ans: c
53. While testing a capacitor with ohm meter, if the capacitor shows charging, but the
final resistance reading is appreciably less than normal, it can be concluded that the
capacitor is
(a) short-circuited
(b) open circuited
(c) alright
(d) leaky
Ans: d
54. If a 6 uF capacitor is charged to 200 V, the charge in coulombs will be

(a) 800 uC
(b) 900 uC
(c) 1200 uC
(d) 1600 uC
Ans: c
55. Which capacitor will be physically smaller for the same ratings ?
(a) Ceramic capacitor
(b) Paper capacitor
(c) Both will be of equal size
Ans: a
56. What is the value of capacitance that must be connected in parallel with 50 pF
condenser to make an equivalent capacitance of 150 pF ?
(a) 50 pF
(b) 100 pF
(c) 150 pF
(d) 200 pF
Ans: b
57. A mica capacitor and a ceramic capacitor both have the same physical dimensions.
Which will have more value of capacitance ?
(a) Ceramic capacitor
(b) Mica capacitor
(c) Both will have identical value of capacitance
(d) It depends on applied voltage
Ans: a
58. Which of the following material has least value of dielectric constant ?
(a) Ceramics
(b) Oil
(c) Glass
(d) Paper
Ans: b
59. Which of the following capacitors will have the least value of breakdown voltage ?
(a) Mica
(b) Paper
(c) Ceramic
(d) Electrolytic
Ans: d
60. The breakdown voltage for paper capacitors is usually

(a) 20 to 60 volts
(b) 200 to 1600 volts
(c) 2000 to 3000 volts
(d) more than 10000 volts
Ans:
61. Dielectric constant for mica is nearly

(a) 200
(b) 100
(c) 3 to 8
(d) 1 to 2
Ans: c
62. The value of dielectric constant for vacuum is taken as

(a) zero
(b) 1
(c) 4
(d) 10
Ans: b
63. Which of the following capacitors is marked for polarity ?

(a) Air
(b) Paper
(c) Mica
(d) Electrolytic
Ans: d
64. Which of the following capacitors can be used for temperature compensation ?
(a) Air capacitor
(c) Paper capacitor
Ans: b

(a) The thinner the dielectric, the more the capacitance and the lower the voltage
breakdown rating for a capacitor .
(b) A six dot mica capacitor colour coded white, green, black, red and yellow has the
capacitance value of 500 pF
(c) Capacitors in series provide less capacitance but a higher voltage breakdown
rating for the combination
(d) A capacitor can store charge because it has a dielectric between two conductors
Ans: b
66. Paper capacitors usually have a tolerance of

(a) 5%
(b) 10%
(c) 15%
(d) 20%
Ans: b
67. For closer tolerances which of the following capacitors is usually preferred ?
(a) Paper capacitor
(b) Mica capacitor
(c) Ceramic disc capacitor
Ans: b
68. The electrostatic force between two charges of one coulomb each and placed at a
distance of 0.5 m will be
(a) 36 x 10fa
(b) 36 x 107 N
(c) 36 x 108 N
(d) 36 x 109 N
Ans: d
69. The units of volume charge density are

(a) Coulomb/meter
(b) Coulomb/meter
(c) Coulomb/meter
(d) Coulomb/meter
Ans: c
70. "The surface integral of the normal component of the electric displacement D over
any closed surface equals the charge enclosed by the surface".
(a) Gauss's law
(b) Kirchhoff s law
(c) Faraday's law
(d) Lenz's law
Ans: a
71. Dielectric strength of mica is
(a) 10 to 20 kV/mm
(6) 30 to 50 kV/mm
(c) 50 to 200 kV/mm
(d) 300 to 500 kV/mm
Ans: c
72. The dielectric constant (relative permittivity) of glass is given by

(a) 0.1 to 0.4
(b) 0.5 to 1.0
(c) 2.0 to 4.0
(d) 5 to 100
Ans: d
73. capacitors are mainly used for radio frequency tuning.

(a) Paper
(b) Air
(c) Mica
(d) Electrolytic
Ans: b
74. capacitors can be used only for D.C.

(a) Air
(b) Paper
(e) Mica
(d) Electrolytic
Ans: d
75. capacitors are used in transistor circuits.

(a) Ceramic
(b) Paper
(c) Air
(d) Electrolytic
Ans: a
76. capacitors are used for audio frequency and radio frequency coupling and tuning.
(a) Air
(b) Mica
(c) Plastic film
(d) Ceramic
Ans: b
77. The inverse of capacitance is called

(a) reluctance
(b) conductance
(c) susceptance
(d) elastance
Ans: d
78. When the dielectric is homogeneous,the potential gradient is

(a) uniform
(b) non-uniform
(c) zero
Ans: a
79. The potential gradient across the material of low permittivity is than across the
material of high permittivity.
(a) smaller
(b) greater
Ans: b
80. ________field is associated with the capacitor.

(a) Electric
(b) Magnetic
Ans: a
81. A capacitor having capacitance of 5 uF is charged to a potential difference of

10,000 V. The energy stored in the capacitor is
(a) 50 joules
(b) 150 joules
(c) 200 joules
(d) 250 joules
Ans: d
82. A single core cable used on 33000 V has conductor diameter 10 mm and the
internal diameter of sheath 25 mm. The maximum electrostatic stress in the cable is
(a) 62 x 105 V/m
(b) 72 x 105 V/m
(c) 82 x 105 V/m
(d) 92 x 105 V/m
Ans: b
83. Two infinite parallel plates 10 mm apart have maintained between them a
potential difference of 100 V. The acceleration of an electron placed between them is
(a) 0.56 x 1015 m/s2
(b) 1.5 x 1015 m/s2
(c) 1.6 x 1015 m/s2
(d) 1.76 x 1015 m/s2
Ans: d
84. The total deficiency or excess of electrons in a body is known as

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) potential gradient
(d) charge
Ans: d
85. The relative permittivity has the following units

(a) F/m
(b) m/F
(c) Wb/m
(d) no units
Ans: c
86. The phenomenon of an uncharged body getting charged merely by the nearness of
a charged body is known as
(a) pholoelectric effect
(b) chemical effect
(c) magnetic effect
(d) induction
Ans: d
87. A unit tube of flux is known as tube

(a) Newton
(b) Faraday
(c) Michale
Ans: b
88. The number of Faraday tubes of flux passing through a surface in an electric field
is called
(a) electric flux
(6) electric flux density
(c) magnetic flux density
(d) electric charge density
Ans: a
89. The unit of electric instensity is

(a) N/C2
(b) Wb/m2
(c) N/C
(d) N2/C
Ans:
90. The value of E within the field due to a point charge can be found with the help of
(a) Faraday's laws
(b) Kirchhoff s laws
(c) Coulomb's laws
Ans: c
91. at a point may be defined as equal to the lines of force passing normally through a
unit cross section at that point.
(a) Electric intensity
(6) Magnetic flux density
(c) Electric flux
Ans: a
92. Electric intensity at any point in an electric field is equal to the at that point.
(a) electric flux
(b) magnetic flux density
(c) potential gradient
Ans: c
93. Electric displacement is a______quantity.

(a) scalar
(b) vector
Ans: b
94. at a point is equal to the negative potential gradient at that point.

(a) Electric intensity
(6) Electric flux
(c) Magnetic flux
(d) Magnetic flux density
Ans: a
95. The unit of dielectric strength is given by

(a) V/m
(b) V2/m
(c) m/V
(d) m/V2
Ans: a
96. Dielectric strength ______ with increasing thickness

(a) increases
(b) decreases
(c) remains unaltered
Ans: b
97. The property of a capacitor to store electricity is called its

(a) capacitance
(b) charge
(c) energy
Ans: a
98. is that property of a capacitor which delays any change of voltage across it.
(a) Inductance
(b) Capacitance
(c) Potential gradient
Ans: b
99. A capacitance of 100 fiF is connected in series with a resistance of 8000 2. The
time constant of the circuit is
(a) 0.2 s
(b) 0.4 s
(c) 0.6 s
(d) 0.8 s
Ans: d
100. In a cable capacitor, voltage gradient is maximum at the surface of the

(a) earth
(b) conduction
(c) sheath
(d) insulator
Ans: b
101. The time constant of an R-C circuit is defined as the time during which capacitor
charging voltage actually rises to ______ percent of its value.
(a) 37, initial
(b) 62, initial
(c) 62, final
(d) 37, final
Ans: c
102 The time constant and R-C circuit may also be defined as the time during which
the charging current falls to ______ percent of its initial maximum value,
(a) 37
(b) 42
(c) 63
(d) 73
Ans: a
103. The capacitance of a capacitor is influenced by

(a) plate area
(b) plate separation
(c) nature of dielectric
Ans:
104. A capacitor consists of two

(a) ceramic plates and one mica disc
(b) insulators separated by a dielectric
(c) silver-coated insulators
(d) conductors separated by an insulator
Ans: d
105. Permittivity is expressed in

(a) Farad/sq-m
(b) Farad/meter
(c) Weber/meter
(d) Weber/sq-m
Ans: b
106. Dielectric strength of a material depends on

(a) moisture content
(b) temperature
(c) thickness
Ans: d
107. What will happen to an insulating medium if voltage more than the breakdown
voltage is applied on it ?
(a) It will become magnetic
(b) It will melt
(c) It will get punctured or cracked
(d) Its molecular structure will get changed
Ans: c
108. Which medium has the least dielectric strength ?

(a) Paraffin wax
(b) Quartz
(c) Glass
(d) Air
Ans: d
109. 1 volt/meter is same as

(a) 1 meter/coulomb
(6) 1 newton meter
(c) 1 newton/meter
(d) 1 joule/coulomb
Ans: c
110. One volt is the same as

(a) one joule/coulomb
(b) one coulomb/joule
(c) one coulomb
(d) one joule
Ans: a
111. The capacitance between two plates increases with

(a) shorter plate area and higher applied voltage
(6) shorter plate area and shorter distance between them
(c) larger plate area, longer distance between plates and higher,applied voltage
(d) larger plate area and shorter distance between plates
Ans: d
112. The capacitance C is charged through a resistance R. The time constant of the
charging circuit is given by
(a) CIR
(b) 1/RC
(c) RC
(d) RIC
Ans: c
113. The bridge used for the measurement of the value of the capacitance is
(a) Wien's bridge
(b) Wheatstone bridge
(c) Schering bridge
(d) Hay's bridge
Ans: c
114. If an ohmmeter reading immediately goes practically to zero and stays there,
capacitor is
(a) charged
(b) short-circuited
(c) lossy
(d) satisfactory
Ans: b
115. Out of the following capacitors of identical rating which one will have the
smallest dimensions ?
(a) Aluminium foil capacitor
(b) Mica capacitor
(c) Ceramic capacitor
(d) Paper capacitor
Ans: c
116. An uncharged conductor is placed near a charged conductor, then

(a) the uncharged conductor gets charged by conduction
(6) the uncharged conductor gets charged by induction and then attracted towards
the charging body
(c) the uncharged conductor is attracted first and then charged by induction
(d) it remains as such
Ans: b
117. The presence of an uncharged conductor near a charged one increases the
(a) charge of the charged conductor
(6) capacity of the charged conductor
(c) potential of the charged conductor
Ans: b
118. Paper condenser is

(a) always polarised
(6) usually of fixed value
(c) electrolytic condenser
(d) a variable condenser
Ans: b
119. Mica capacitors are characterised by all of the following except

(a) stable operation
(b) accurate value
(c) low leakage reactance
(d) low losses
Ans: c
120. A potential of 400 V is applied to a capacitor, the plates of which are 4 mm apart.
The strength of electric field is
(a) 100 kV/m
(b) 10 kV/m
(c) 5 kV/m
(d) 2 kV/m
Ans: a
121. For a good 0.05 uF capacitor ohmmeter reading should
(a) show low resistance momentarily and back off to a very high resistance
(6) show high resistance momentarily and then a very low resistance
(c) go quickly to 50 ohm approximately and remain there
(d) not move at all
Ans: a
122. The ohmmeter reading for a short circuited capacitor is

(a) infinity
(b) few kilo ohms
(c)few megohms
(d) zero
Ans: d

(a) Mica capacitors are available in capacitance values of 5 to 20 uF
(b) Air capapitors have a black band to indicate the outside foil
(c) Electrolytic capacitors must be connected in correct polarity
(d) Ceramic capacitors must be connected in correct polarity
Ans: c
124. Which of the following capacitors preferred for high frequency circuits ?
(a) Air capacitor
(6) Electrolytic capacitor
(c) Mica capacitor
Ans: c
125. An electrolytic capacitor is generally made to provide

(a) low capacitance
(b) fixed capacitance
(c) variable capacitance
(d) large value of capacitance
Ans: d
126. In order to remove static electricity from machinery

(a) construct insulated cabins
(b) insulate the machinery
(c) ground the framework
(d) humidify the surroundings
Ans: c
127. If a third equal and similar charge is placed between two equal and similar
charges, then this third charge will
(a) move out of the field of influence of the two charges
(b) remain in stable equilibrium
(c) not be in equilibrium
(d) be in unstable equilibrium
Ans: b
128. A region around a stationary electric charge has

(a) an electric field
(b) a magnetic field
Ans: a
129. The minimum value of potential gradient in a cable occurs in

(a) insulation
(b) conductor
(c) outer sheath
(d) uniformly all over
Ans: a
130. Dielectric strength of medium

(a) increases with rise in temperature
(b) increases with moisture content
(c) is same for all insulating materials
Ans: d
131. Acharge which when placed in vacuum from an equal and similar charge repels
with a force of 9 x 10 N, is known as
(a) milli-coulomb
(b) micro-coulomb
(c) pico-coulomb
(d) coulomb
Ans: b
132. Dielectric strength of a medium is usually expressed in

(a) J/mm
(b) C/m2
(c) kV/mm
(d) N/mm
Ans: c
133. A positive and a negative charge are initially 50 mm apart. When they are moved
close together so that they are now only 10 mm apart, the force between them will be
(a) 5 times smaller than before
(b) 5 times greater than before
(c) 10 times greater than before
(d) 25 times larger than before
Ans: d
134. Which is the most superior dielectric out of the following ?

(a) Air
(b) Glass
(c) Bakelite
(d) Paper
Ans: c
135. When a dielectric is placed in an electric field the field strength

(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) reduces to zero
(d) remain unchanged
Ans: a
136. To prevent the generation of static charges on rubber or flat leather

(a) surface is moistened
(b) conductive dressing is done
(c) oil compound dressing is done
(d) talcum powder is sprayed on the surface
Ans: b
137. Which of the following capacitor is preferred in case of single phase motor ?
(a) Mica capacitor
(b) Paper capacitor
(c) Electrolytic capacitor
(d) Ceramic capacitor
Ans: c
138. A capacitance is a circuit component that opposes the change in circuit

(a) current
(b) voltage
(c) impedance
Ans: a
139. A condenser suitable for D.C. only is

(a) metallic plate variable gang condenser
(b) metallic paper capacitor
(c) oil impregrated paper condenser
(d) poled aluminium electrolytic condenser
Ans: d
140. In a capacitor, the electric charge is stored in

(a) metal plates
(b) dielectric
(c) dielectric as well as metal plates
Ans: b
Electric Traction
1. Which of the following is an advantage of electric traction over other methods of

traction ?
(a) Faster acceleration
(b) No pollution problems
(c) Better braking action
Ans: a
2. Which of the following is the voltage for single phase A.C. system ?
(a) 22 V
(b) 440 V
(c) 5 kV
(d) 15 kV
Ans: a
3. Long distance railways use which of the following ?

(a) 200 V D.C.
(b) 25 kV single phase A.C.
(c) 25 kV two phase A.C.
(d) 25 kV three phase A.C.
Ans: b
4. The speed of a locomotive is controlled by

(a) flywheel
(b) gear box
(c) applying brakes 11.
(d) regulating steam flow to engine
Ans:
5. Main traction systems used in India are, those using

(a) electric locomotives
(b) diesel engine locomotives
(c) steam engine locomotives
(d) diesel electric locomotives
Ans: e
6, in India diesel locomotives are manufactured at

(a) Ajmer
(b) Varanasi
(c) Bangalore
(d) Jamalpur
Ans: b
7. For diesel locomotives the range of horsepower is

(a) 50 to 200
(b) 500 to 1000
(c) 1500 to 2500
(d) 3000 to 5000
Ans: c
8. _______ locomotive has the highest operational availability.

(a) Electric
(b) Diesel
(c) Steam
Ans: a
9. The horsepower of steam locomotives is

(a) up to 1500
(b) 1500 to 2000
(c) 2000 to 3000
(d) 3000 to 4000
Ans: a
10. The overall efficiency of steam locomotive is around

(a) 5 to 10 percent
(b) 15 to 20 percent
(c) 25 to 35 percent
(d) 35 to 45 percent
Ans: a
11. In tramways which of the following motors is used ?

(c) A.C. three phase motor
(d) AC. single phase capacitor start motor
Ans: b
12. In a steam locomotive electric power is provided through

(a) overhead wire
(b) battery system
(c) small turbo-generator
(d) diesel engine generator
Ans: c
13. Which of the following drives is suitable for mines where explosive gas exists ?
(a) Steam engine
(b) Diesel engine
(c) Battery locomotive
Ans: c
14. In case of locomotives the tractive power is provided by

(a) single cylinder double acting steam engine
(b) double cylinder, single acting steam engine
(c) double cylinder, double acting steam engine
(d) single stage steam turbine
Ans: c
15. Overload capacity of diesel engines is usually restricted to

(a) 2 percent
(b) 10 percent
(c) 20 percent
(d) 40 percent
Ans: a
16. In case of steam engines the steam pressure is

(a) 1 to 4 kgf/cm2
(b) 5 to 8 kgf/cm2
(c) 10 to 15 kgf/cm2
(d) 25 to 35 kgf/cm2
Ans: c
17.. The steam engine provided on steam locomotives is

(a) single acting condensing type
(b) single acting non-condensing type
(e) double acting condensing type
(d) double acting non-condensing type
Ans: b
18. Electric locomotives in India are manufactured at

(a) Jamalpur
(b) Bangalore
(c) Chittranjan
(d) Gorakhpur
Ans: c
19. The wheels of a train, engine as well as bogies, are slightly tapered to
(a) reduce friction
(b) increase friction
(c) facilitate braking
(d) facilitate in taking turns
Ans: d
20. Automatic signalling is used for which of the following trains ?

(a) Mail and express trains
(b) Superfast trains
(c) Suburban and Urban electric trains
(d) All trains
Ans: b
21. The efficiency of diesel locomotives is nearly

(a) 20 to 25 percent
(b) 30 to 40 percent
(c) 45 to 55 percent
(d) 60 to 70 percent
Ans: a
22. The speed of a superfast train is

(a) 60 kmph
(b) 75 kmph
(c) 100 kmph
(d) more than 100 kmph
Ans: d
23. The number of passenger coaches that can be attached to a diesel engine
locomotive on broad gauge is usually restricted to
(a) 5
(b) 10
(c) 14
(d) 17
Ans: b
24. Which of the following state capitals is not on broad gauge track ?
(a) Lucknow
(b) Bhopal
(c) Jaipur
(d) Chandigarh
Ans: c
25. Which of the following is the advantage of electric braking ?

(a) It avoids wear of track
(b) Motor continues to remain loaded during braking
(c) It is instantaneous
(d) More heat is generated during braking
Ans: a
Which of the following braking systems on the locomotives is costly ?

(a) Regenerative braking on electric locomotives
(b) Vacuum braking on diesel locomotives
(c) Vacuum braking on steam locomotives
(d) All braking systems are equally costly
Ans: a
27. Tractive effort is required to

(a) overcome the gravity component of train mass
(b) overcome friction, windage and curve resistance
(c) accelerate the train mass
(d) do all of the above
Ans: d
28. For given maximum axle load tractive efforts of AC. locomotive will be
(a) less than that of D.C. locomotive
(b) more than that of D.C. locomotive
(c) equal to that of D.C. locomotive
Ans: b
29. Co-efficient of adhesion reduces due to the presence of which of the following ?
(a) Sand on rails
(b) Dew on rails
(c) Oil on the rails
Ans: d
30. Due to which of the following co-efficient of adhesion improves ?

(a) Rust on the rails
(b) Dust on the rails
(c) Sand on the rails
Ans: d
31. Quadrilateral speed-time curve pertains to which of the following services ?

(a) Main line service
(b) Urban service
(c) Sub-urban service
(d) Urban and sub-urban service
Ans: d
32. Which of the following is the disadvantage of electric traction over other systems
of traction ?
(a) Corrosion problems in the under-ground pipe work
(b) Short time power failure interrupts traffic for hours
(c) High capital outlay in fixed installations beside route limitation
(d) Interference with communication lines
(c) All of the above
Ans: c
33. Co-efficient of adhesion is

(a) high in case of D.C. traction than in the case of AC. traction
(b) low in case of D.C. traction than in the case of AC. traction
(c) equal in both AC. and D.C. traction
Ans: b
34. Speed-time curve of main line service differs from those of urban and suburban
services on following account
(a) it has longer free running period
(b) it has longer coasting period
(c) accelerating and braking periods are comparatively smaller
Ans: d
35. The rate of acceleration on suburban orurban services is restricted by the

consideration of
(a) Engine power
(b) Track curves
(c) Passenger Discomfort
(d) Track size
Ans: c
36. The specific energy consumption of a train depends on which of the following ?
(a) Acceleration and retardation
(b) Gradient
(c) Distance covered
Ans: d
37. The friction at the track is proportional to

(a) 1/speed
(b) l/(speed)2
(c) speed
Ans: c
38. The air resistance to the movement of the train is proportional to
(a) speed
(b) (speed)
(c) (speed)
(d) 1/speed
Ans: b
39. The normal value of adhesion friction is

(a) 0.12
(b) 0.25
(c) 0.40
(d) 0.75
Ans: b
40. The pulsating torque exerted by steam locomotives causes which of the following?
(a) Jolting and skidding
(b) Hammer blow
(c) Pitching
Ans: a
41. Which of the following braking systems is used on steam locomotives ?

(a) Hydraulic system
(b) Pneumatic system
(c) Vacuum system
Ans: c
42. Vacuum is created by which of the following?

(a) Vacuum pump
(b) Ejector
(c) Any of the above
Ans: c
43. The resistance encountered by a train in motion is on account of

(a) resistance offered by air
(b) friction at the track
(c) friction at various parts of the rolling stock
Ans: d
44. Battery operated trucks are used in

(a) steel mills
(b) power stations
(c) narrow gauge traction
(d) factories for material transportation
Ans: d
45 method can bring the locomotive to dead stop.

(a) Plugging braking
(b) Rheostatic braking
(c) Regenerative braking
Ans: a
46. The value of co-efficient of adhesion will be high when rails are
(a) greased
(b) wet
(c) sprayed with oil
(d) cleaned with sand
Ans: d
47. The voltage used for suburban trains in D.C. system is usually
(a) 12 V
(b) 24 V
(c) 220 V
(d) 600 to 750 V
Ans: d
48. For three-phase induction motors which of the following is the least efficient
method of speed control ?
(a) Cascade control
(b) Pole changing
(c) Rheostat control
(d) Combination of cascade and pole changing
Ans: c
49. Specific energy consumption becomes

(a) more on steeper gradient
(b) more with high train resistance
(c) less if distance between stops is more
Ans: d
50. In main line service as compared to urban and suburban service

(a) distance between the stops is more
(b) maximum speed reached is high
(c) acceleration and retardation rates are low
Ans: d
51. Locomotive having monomotor bogies
(a) has better coefficient of adhesion
(b) are suited both for passanger as well as freight service
(c) has better riding qualities due to the reduction of lateral forces
(d) has all above qualities
Ans: d
52. Series motor is not suited for traction duty due to which of the following account ?
(a) Less current drain on the heavy load torque
(b) Current surges after temporary switching off supply
(c) Self relieving property
(d) Commutating property at heavy load
Ans: b
53. When a bogie negotiates a curve, reduction in adhesion occurs resulting in sliding.
Thus sliding is acute when
(a) wheel base of axles is more
(b) degree of curvature is more
Ans: c
54. Energy consumption in propelling the train is required for which of the following?
(a) Work against the resistance to motion
(b) Work against gravity while moving up the gradient
(c) Acceleration
Ans: d
55. An ideal traction system should have

(a) easy speed control
(b) high starting tractive effort
(c) equipment capable of with standing large temporary loads
Ans: d
56 have maximum unbalanced forces

(a) Diesel shunters
(b) Steam locomotives
(c) Electric locomotives
(d) Diesel locomotives
Ans: b
57. Specific energy consumption is affected by which of the following factors ?

(a) Retardation and acceleration values
(b) Gradient
(c) Distance between stops
Ans: d
58. In case of ________ free running and coasting periods are generally long.
(a) main-line service
(b) urban service
(c) sub-urban service
Ans: a
59. Overhead lines for power supply to tramcars are at a minimum height of
(a) 3 m
(b) 6 m
(c) 10 m
(d) 15 m
Ans: c
60. The return circuit for tramcars is through

(a) neutral wire
(b) rails
(c) cables
(d) common earthing
Ans: b
61. Specific energy consumption is least in _______ service.

(a) main line
(b) urban
(c) suburban
Ans: a
62. Locomotives with monometer bogies have

(a) uneven distribution of tractive effect
(b) suitability for passanger as well as freight service
(c) lot of skidding
(d) low co-efficient of adhesion
Ans: b
63 _______ was the first city in India to adopt electric traction.

(a) Delhi
(b) Madras
(c) Calcutta
(d) Bombay
Ans: d
64 _______ frequency is not common in low frequency traction system

(a) 40 Hz
(b) 25 Hz
(c) 16 Hz
Ans: a
65. For 25 kV single phase system power supply frequency is

(a) 60 Hz
(b) 50 Hz
(c) 25 Hz
(d) 16 Hz
Ans: b
66. Power for lighting in passanger coach, in a long distance electric train, is provided
(a) directly through overhead electric line
(b) through individual generator of bogie and batteries
(c) through rails
(d) through locomotive
Ans: b
67. In India, electrification of railway track was done for the first time in which of the
following years ?
(a) 18201825
(b) 18801885
(c) 19251932
(d) 19471954
Ans: c
68. Suri transmission is

(a) electrical-pneumatic
(b) mechanical-electrical
(c) hydro-mechanical
(d) hydro-pneumatic
Ans: c
69. In case of a steam engine an average coal consumption per km is nearly

(a) 150 to 175 kg
(b) 100 to 120 kg
(c) 60 to 80 kg
(d) 28 to 30 kg
Ans: d
70. Which of the following happens in Kando system ?

(a) Three phase A.C. is converted into D.C.
(b) Single phase A.C. is converted into D.C.
(c) Single phase supply is converted into three phase system
Ans: c
71. For which of the following locomotives the maintenance requirements are the
least?
(a) Steam locomotives
(b) Diesel locomotives
(c) Electric locomotives
(d) Equal in all of the above
Ans: b
72. Which of the following methods is used to control speed of 25 kV, 50 Hz single
phase traction ?
(a) Reduced current method
(b) Tap changing control of transformer
(c) Series parallel operation of motors
Ans: b
73. If the co-efficient of adhesion on dry rails is 0.26, which of the following could be
the value for wet rails ?
(a) 0.3
(b) 0.26
(c) 0.225
(d) 0.16
Ans: d
74 watt-hours per tonne km is usually the specific energy consumption for suburban
services.
(a) 1520
(b) 5075
(c) 120150
(d) 160200
Ans: b
75. The braking retardation is usually in the range

(a) 0.15 to 0.30 km phps
(b) 0.30 to 0.6 km phps
(c) 0.6 to 2.4 km phps
(d) 3 to 5 km phps
(e) 10 to 15 km phps
Ans: d
76. The rate of acceleration on suburban orurban service is in the range

(a) 0.2 to 0.5 km phps
(b) 1.6 to 4.0 km phps
(c) 5 to 10 km phps
(d) 15 to 25 km phps
Ans: b
77. The coasting retardation is around

(a) 0.16 km phps
(b) 1.6 km phps
(c) 16 km phps
(d) 40 km phps
Ans: a
Cables
1. The insulating material for a cable should have
(a) low cost
(b) high dielectric strength
(c) high mechanical strength
Ans: d
2. Which of the following protects a cable against mechanical injury ?

(a) Bedding
(b) Sheath
(c) Armouring
Ans: c
3. Which of the following insulation is used in cables ?

(a) Varnished cambric
(b) Rubber
(c) Paper
Ans: d
4. Empire tape is
(a) varnished cambric
(b) vulcanised rubber
(c) impregnated paper
Ans: a
5. The thickness of the layer of insulation on the conductor, in cables, depends upon
(a) reactive power
(b) power factor
(c) voltage
(d) current carrying capacity
Ans: c
6. The bedding on a cable consists of

(a) hessian cloth
(b) jute
Ans: c
7. The insulating material for cables should

(a) be acid proof
(b) be non-inflammable
(c) be non-hygroscopic
(d) have all above properties
Ans: d
8. In a cable immediately above metallic sheath _____ is provided.

(a) earthing connection
(b) bedding
(c) armouring
Ans: b
9. The current carrying capacity of cables in D.C. is more thanthat in A.C. mainly
due to
(a) absence of harmonics
(b) non-existence of any stability limit
(c) smaller dielectric loss
(d) absence of ripples
Ans: c
10. In case of three core flexible cable the colour of the neutral is
(a) blue
(b) black
(c) brown
Ans: a
11 cables are used for 132 kV lines.

(a) High tension
(b) Super tension
(c) Extra high tension
(d) Extra super voltage
Ans: d
12. Conduit pipes are normally used to protect _____ cables.
(a) unsheathed cables
(b) armoured
(c) PVC sheathed cables
Ans: a
13. The minimum dielectric stress in a cable is at

(a) armour
(b) bedding
(c) conductor surface
(d) lead sheath
Ans: d
14. In single core cables armouring is not done to

(a) avoid excessive sheath losses
(b) make it flexible
Ans: a
15. Dielectric strength of rubber is around

(a) 5 kV/mm
(b) 15 kV/mm
(c) 30 kV/mm
(d) 200 kV/mm
Ans: c
16. Low tension cables are generally used up to

(a) 200 V
(b) 500 V
(c) 700 V
(d) 1000 V
Ans: d
17. In a cable, the maximum stress under operating conditions is at

(a) insulation layer
(b) sheath
(c) armour
(d) conductor surface
Ans: d
18. High tension cables are generally used up to

(a) 11kV
(b) 33kV
(c) 66 kV
(d) 132 kV
Ans: a
19. The surge resistance of cable is

(a) 5 ohms
(b) 20 ohms
(c) 50 ohms
(d) 100 ohms
Ans: c
20. PVC stands for

(a) polyvinyl chloride
(b) post varnish conductor
(c) pressed and varnished cloth
(d) positive voltage conductor
Ans: a
In the cables, the location of fault is usually found out by comparing

(a) the resistance of the conductor
(b) the inductance of conductors
(c) the capacitances of insulated conductors
(d) all above parameters
Ans: c
22. In capacitance grading of cables we use a ______ dielectric.

(a) composite
(b) porous
(c) homogeneous
(d) hygroscopic
Ans: a
23. Pressure cables are generally not used beyond

(a) 11 kV
(b) 33 kV
(c) 66 kV
(d) 132 kV
Ans: c
24. The material for armouring on cable is usually

(a) steel tape
(b) galvanised steel wire
Ans: c
25. Cables, generally used beyond 66 kV are
(a) oil filled
(b) S.L. type
(c) belted
(d) armoured
Ans: a
26. The relative permittivity of rubber is

(a) between 2 and 3
(b) between 5 and 6
(c) between 8 and 10
(d) between 12 and 14
Ans: a
27. Solid type cables are considered unreliable beyond 66 kV because

(a) insulation may melt due to higher temperature
(b) skin effect dominates on the conductor
(c) of corona loss between conductor and sheath material
(d) there is a danger of breakdown of insulation due to the presence of voids
Ans: d
28. If the length of a cable is doubled, its capacitance

(a) becomes one-fourth
(b) becomes one-half
(c) becomes double
(d) remains unchanged
Ans: c
29. In cables the charging current

(a) lags the voltage by 90
(b) leads the voltage by 90
(c) lags the voltage by 180
(d) leads the voltage by 180
Ans: b
30. A certain cable has an insulation of relative permittivity 4. If the insulation is

replaced by one of relative permittivity 2, the capacitance of the cable will become
(a) one half
(6) double
(c) four times
Ans: a
31. If a cable of homogeneous insulation has a maximum stress of 10 kV/mm, then

the dielectric strength of insulation should be
(a) 5 kV/mm
(b) 10 kV/mm
(a) 15 kV/mm
(d) 30 kV/mm
Ans: b
32. In the cables, sheaths are used to

(a) prevent the moisture from entering the cable
(b) provide enough strength
(e) provide proper insulation
Ans: a
33. The intersheaths in the cables are used to

(a) minimize the stress
(b) avoid the requirement of good insulation
(c) provide proper stress distribution
Ans: c
34. The electrostatic stress in underground cables is

(a) same at the conductor and the sheath
(b) minimum at the conductor and maximum at the sheath
(c) maximum at the conductor and minimum at the sheath
(d) zero at the conductor as well as on the sheath
Ans: c
35. The breakdown of insulation of the cable can be avoided economically by the
use of
(a) inter-sheaths
(b) insulating materials with different dielectric constants
Ans: c
36. The insulation of the cable decreases with

(a) the increase in length of the insulation
(b) the decrease in the length of the insulation
Ans: a
37. A cable carrying alternating current has

(a) hysteresis losses only
(b) hysteresis and leakage losses only
(c) hysteresis, leakage and copper losses only
(d) hysteresis, leakage, copper and friction losses
Ans: b
38. In a cable the voltage stress is maximum at

(a) sheath
(6) insulator
(e) surface of the conductor
(d) core of the conductor
Ans: d
39. Capacitance grading of cable implies

(a) use of dielectrics of different permeabilities
(b) grading according to capacitance of cables per km length
(c) cables using single dielectric in different concentrations
(d) capacitance required to be introduced at different lengths to counter the effect
of inductance
Ans: a
40. Underground cables are laid at sufficient depth

(a) to minimise temperature stresses
(b) to avoid being unearthed easily due to removal of soil
(c) to minimise the effect of shocks and vibrations due to gassing vehicles, etc.
(d) for all of the above reasons
Ans: c
41. The advantage of cables over overhead transmission lines is

(a) easy maintenance
(b) low cost
(c) can be used in congested areas
(d) can be used in high voltage circuits
Ans: c
42. The thickness of metallic shielding on cables is usually

(a) 0.04 mm
(b) 0.2 to 0.4 mm
(e) 3 to 5 mm
(d) 40 to 60 mm
Ans: a
43. Cables for 220 kV lines are invariably

(a) mica insulated
(b) paper insulated
(c) compressed oil or compressed gas insulated
(d) rubber insulated
Ans: c
44. Is a cable is to be designed for use on 1000 kV, which insulation would you
prefer ?
(a) Polyvinyle chloride
(b) Vulcanised rubber
(c) Impregnated paper
(d) Compressed SFe gas
Ans: d
45. If a power cable and a communication cable are to run parallel the minimum
distance between the two, to avoid interference, should be
(a) 2 cm
(b) 10 cm
(c) 50 cm
(d) 400 cm
Ans: c
46. Copper as conductor for cables is used as

(a) annealed
(b) hardened and tempered
(c) hard drawn
(d) alloy with chromium
Ans: a
47. The insulating material should have

(a) low permittivity
(b) high resistivity
(c) high dielectric strength
Ans: d
48. The advantage of oil filled cables is

(a) more perfect impregnation
(b) smaller overall size
(c) no ionisation, oxidation and formation of voids
Ans: d
49. The disadvantage with paper as insulating material is

(a) it is hygroscopic
(6) it has high capacitance
(c) it is an organic material
Ans: a
50. The breakdown voltage of a cable depends on

(a) presence of moisture
(b) working temperature
(c) time of application of the voltage
Ans: d
51. It is difficult to maintain oil filled cables.

(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
51. In capacitance grading a homogeneous dielectric is used.

(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b
52. In congested areas where excavation is expensive and inconvenient 'draw in

system' of laying of underground cables
is often adopted.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
53. Natural rubber is obtained from milky sap of tropical trees.

(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
54. Rubber is most commonly used insulation in cables.

(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: a
55. Polyethylene has very poor dielectric and ageing properties.

(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b
56. The metallic sheath may be made of lead or lead alloy or of aluminium.
(a) Yes
(b) No
Ans: b

Current Electricity

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Current Electricity

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Current Electricity

1. The S.I. unit of power is

2. Electric pressure is also called

4. Out of the following which is not a poor conductor ?

5. Out of the following which is an insulating material ?

6. The property of a conductor due to which it passes current is called

8. The resistance of a conductor varies inversely as

9. With rise in temperature the resistance of pure metals

10. With rise in temperature the resistance of semi-conductors

13. An instrument which detects electric current is known as

14. In a circuit a 33 Q resistor carries a current of 2 A. The voltage across the

18. A current of 16 amperes divides between two branches in parallel of resistances 8

19. Current velocity through a copper conductor is

22. Two resistors are said to be connected in series when

24. Which of the following materials has a negative temperature co-efficient of

25. Ohm's law is not applicable to

26. Which is the best conductor of electricity ?

28. All of the following are equivalent to watt except

29. A resistance having rating 10 ohms, 10 W is likely to be a

31. Varistors are

32. Insulating materials have the function of

33. The rating of a fuse wire is always expressed in

34. The minimum charge on an ion is

35. In a series circuit with unequal resistances

36. The filament of an electric bulb is made of

37. A 3 Q resistor having 2 A current will dissipate the power of

38. Which of the following statement is true?

40. If a parallel circuit is opened in the main line, the current

46. A closed switch has a resistance of

48. Heat in a conductor is produced on the passage of electric current due to

49. The insulation on a current carrying conductor is provided

50. The thickness of insulation provided on the conductor depends on

52. A 40 W bulb is connected in series with a room heater. If now 40 W bulb is

54. An electric filament bulb can be worked from

55. Resistance of a tungsten lamp as applied voltage increases

56. Electric current passing through the circuit produces

58. If the efficiency of a machine is to be high, what should be low ?

63. It becomes more difficult to remove

67. Resistance of 220 V, 100 W lamp will be

68. In the case of direct current

70. Resistance of carbon filament lamp as the applied voltage increases.

71. Bulbs in street lighting are all connected in

72. For testing appliances, the wattage of test lamp should be

77. A field of force can exist only between

78. A substance whose molecules consist of dissimilar atoms is called

79. International ohm is defined in terms of the resistance of

91. Which method can be used for absolute measurement of resistances ?

93. Ohm's law is not applicable to

96. Temperature co-efficient of resistance is expressed in terms of

97. Which of the following materials has the least resistivity ?

100. Which of the following statement is correct ?

101. A rheostat differs from potentiometer in the respect that it

102. The weight of an aluminium conductor as compared to a copper conductor of

103. An open resistor, when checked with an ohm-meter reads

105. All good conductors have high

106. Voltage dependent resistors are usually made from

107. Voltage dependent resistors are used

108. The ratio of mass of proton to that of electron is nearly

111. A thermistor has

113. Nichrome wire is an alloy of

115. Which of the following can have negative temperature coefficient ?

116. Conductance : mho ::

117. 1 angstrom is equal to

118. One newton meter is same as