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UNIT 32 : QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN

BUSINESS

Mark Henry
 Unit Description
This Business quality management assignment is given in East End College of Business and Computing for the course of Computing and System
development. In this role of quality computing systems for Apples success has been described.

Task 1: Different approaches to quality management

Examine the concepts of quality in your chosen organization
Description of the Organization
Steven jobs established multinational software company (APPLE) in 1976 in
California. Apple is famous for designing mobile phones, computer software
and media players. Apple products are sold all over the world through direct or
online sales. Steve jobs didnt follow the traditional approach in designing
products, but follows the temperamental approach. Apple Company has
managers who handle different areas of product development. Apples team
members follow the leadership approach. This leadership quality helps in
getting result motivated employees. Apples product development
standards are set by Steve Job and need to be fulfilled (Perry, 1997).

Definition of QM

Quality Management is a management technique which deals with the change

in the definition and treatment of quality in the product development. It is
used to keep check on the things that came in the todays market. It helps in
ensuring better customer service in every stage of product development

Customer-supplier interfaces are the core of QM both externally and internally, and the number of processes is present at each interface.
Quality management is created by commitment to quality, the good quality message communication, and the determination of the need to
change the culture of the organization. Foundations of QM support the management functions of the people, processes and systems in
the organization.

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

It basically helps managers introspect about the needs and motivation drivers of the employees.

This is in pyramid shape depicting various levels and uses of psychological and physical needs.

Physiological needs, Safety and Security needs,Social needs, Self-esteem needs, and Self-actualization needs

Usage of Quality management by Apple

Quality is defined as a measure up to which a product can fulfil its expectations. Now days -durability, maintainability and usability of a
product are the main expectations of the customer.

Four main processes needed for Quality management are

Plan

Do

Check

Process is described using P-N-D-A cycle. Planning and preparation is included in the Plan process. Action and executing the
plan is included in the Do process. Analysis, inspection and monitoring are used to measure the system check process. With
assessment, valuation and analysis, action is required to solve the problem (Youssef, 1995).

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Adaption of the QM process in the software industry to ensure the software quality assurance (SQA) process (Finn, 1994). The software
quality assurance process is utilized to achieve quality in the software engineering process. The software quality assurance process
involves following activities:

performing product analysis,

designing,

coding techniques

tools used to perform the system development at each stage

testing the systems to monitor documents and make necessary changes to them;

employ various software engineering development standards

Tool to review the product.

SOFTWARE QUALITY ASSURANCE also includes audit the quality of software to ensure that the standards are met.

Software engineering production mechanism is broken to analyse the performance.

Confidence of the customer in their products is the criteria that need to be met to promote the companys development

The keys of successful QM ensure products of high quality. This helps in the motivation of the companys personal productivity and
performance.

Task 2: Benefits of quality management

(a) Identify and evaluate the application of quality systems and scheme for
organization of your choice
Quality systems for Apple Organization

Products manufactured by Apple have quickly earned a brand loyalty and brought iPhone revolution in the market. 85% of customers who
own an iPhone will purchase another iPhone as per the report. Sales of the phones during the 1st quarter of 2013 were 63% to current
phone users and 37% were sold to those customers who were using other brands (Linzmayer, 2004).

Apple products continue to improve with each version. The competitors Apple products seem to be struggling as they are the market
leaders of innovation in new technology. Change in todays mobile technology helps in providing a huge competition now days. If we see
the last 5 years growth of Apple, the telecommunications industry profits and revenue has been grabbed by Apple Company. By 2012, an
iPhone sale has exceeded 19 million units. Apple iPhone introduces a multi-touch interface in the market. Apples iOS operating system
was highly user friendly. Apple has introduced various new versions of the iPhone till now that were coupled with a new and improved
iOS.

Overview of apple products based on the QM

The main products of Apple are as below:

Apples iPhone The first iPhone was introduced at the Macworld conference in 2007 by CEO Steve Jobs. The phone was a
conglomeration of a Smartphone combined with internet access. It ran on a simpler version of the Mac OS X. various apps used
by phone are Google Maps and weather. There were Safari browser capabilities. Various features of iPhone are touch-screen,
internet, mail, music player, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. When the iPhone 5s was released in 2014, total 3 million iPhone units were
sold.

Apple Software OS X operating system is used by various products of Apple.

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 Apples iPod apple launched its first digital player in the year 2001. It has the portability feature. It is the leader in the music
players market. By the end of SEPTEMBER 2013, 220 million iPods were sold out. Various products were developed to fulfil the
requirements of users.

Apples iPad The first iPad was launched by Apple in the beginning of 2010. Features of iPad are that it had touch screen
interface, ran on iOS, did word processing, view images, music player, could read newspapers and magazines. Apples iPad is the
media hyped tablet. Mobile safari was used to surf the web. The App store is used to download various paid and free apps
(Goodman, 1994). It had the facility of accessing the internet through 3G or Wi-Fi. Fourth generation iPad was launched in
2012.By the end of 2012; there were 25 billion apps that were
downloaded from App Store.

QM for the Product improvement

Product quality

Reduction of product cost

Product robustness

Understand ability and reliability of product

Visibility and supportability of the product.

Product improvement cycle includes (Hinton, 2000)

Quality parameters followed by the company

The technique used by the management team to build a system having good quality products and processes is known as Quality
management (QM). The main technique used by the QM is that all employees of the company are responsible for the phases of production
and quality of the end product. The management units of Apple should all be aware of this technique to produce products of good quality.

Various practices found in the Apple Company according to McKone are:

product design for multipurpose usage

process management

suppliers Quality management

interaction with the customer

Feedback from customer

Information sharing

Leadership

Planning

Training in Cross-discipline

Employee interaction

The needs of the end user dictate the Philosophy of quality management. To obtain the highest quality product Continuous focus
on improvement of processes is needed. The good Quality product helps in the development of company (Panteghini, 2004). To improve
the quality of the product, the entire system is needed to be improved. Number of aspects that ensure the success of QM is as follows:

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1) Quality improvement It is the combined effort of both the management and the personnel in the company that should work together
in teams on quality. When quality of the product is poor Employees empowerment needs action

2) Customer expectations Expectations of the customer for the quality are met to fulfil the technical requirements. Good quality
products are demanded by the customers. Improvements in the management and the process should be aimed at satisfying their needs.
3) Layout of the Process Process layout should be such so as to improve efficiency and movement of resources by arranging machinery
and equipments according to the need and requirements of an effective Design plan. According to the Toyota Production System and Lean
Manufacturing ideologies, the production line should be designed in such a way so as to eliminate waste during transportation of
the material and managing inventory. The Process layout of the Apple Inc is such that the machinery on the shop floor is arranged
according to the process they are a part of. For example, if on a shop floor you are doing spray painting, then in a process type of layout all
the machinery that is needed to complete the job of spray painting will be placed in the vicinity (Linzmayer, 2004). The product to be spray
painted will move on a conveyor belt and all the operations will be
performed on that in the sequence of the machine location.

(b) Use the input-output model to

examine the operating system of your
organization

Management of various activities which are linked to each other

Usage of resources is managed for transforming inputs to output.

Apple produces various products such as iPhone, iPad, and all the
other I-products that will help in leading the worlds media
business

One of the top wealthiest company in this space as of now

Growth of Apple, Inc. is faster than any other company.

Revenue rate is exceptional in the last 4-5 years. Sometimes the revenue increases many-folds year on year

Apples previous CEO Steve Jobs, had brought a revolution in the mobile software and hardware business.

Apple just keeps hitting new records in its revenue, that revenue almost doubled since the last three years (Goodman,
1994).Order Now

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