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TRU TNG.........................................................................................
GII THIU..............................................................................................
NGN NG BO CO KINH DOANH M RNG XBRL............................
S DNG XBRL TRONG VIC THU LI MUA LI KHCH HNG
TIU BIU.............................................................................................
HIU V PHN TCH..............................................................................
S DNG XBRL TRONG PHNG THC TN DNG.............................
PHNG THC ALTMAN Z-SCORE..........................................................
CHNH XC V HIU QU...............................................................
XC NH BIN , THNH PHN RIGINAL Z-SCORE GC.......................
C NH DOANH NGHIP T NHN Z-SCORE..............................
C NH CHO NGI SN XUT V TH TRNG NI TING
Z-SCORE..........................................................................................
HP NG THNG MINH.....................................................................
HP NG THNG MINH HOT NG VI POPULOUS.....................
THNH PHN THAM GIA..................................................................
M UN H THNG.........................................................................
TNG TC NN TNG...................................................................
HOT NG KINH DOANH...............................................................
U THU.......................................................................................
V.....................................................................................................
DNG VN......................................................................................
NP VN..........................................................................................
RT VN..........................................................................................
CHUYN QU...................................................................................
KHUYN KHCH.....................................................................................
KT LUN..............................................................................................
TI LIU THAM KHO............................................................................
TRU TNG
Vic xin vay vn kinh doanh t ngn hng khng phi lc no cng l
gii php l tng cho cc doanh nghip va v nh, c bit i vi
mt s doanh nghip i hi phi c kinh ph ngay lp tc tng vn
lu ng t ngt, tin lng v u t ngn hn cha c k hoch .
Mc d cc t chc ti chnh ln v cc cng ty ti chnh ha c lp
chi phi vic cho vay v thanh ton da trn ti sn, cc nn ti chnh
ha n trn ti khon Peer-to-Peer (P2P) gn y bc vo ngnh.
Tng t nh cc nh cung cp ti chnh ha n truyn thng, cc
nn tng ny cung cp cc gii php cho php cc DNVVN c c
ngun ti tr tc thi cho cc khon tin do khch hng n h ch
khng phi ch khch hng thanh ton ha n trong khong thi gian
45 n 90 ngy thng gy ra cng thng v tin mt Dng chy ca
cc DNVVN. Vi s gia tng lin tc ca cc nn tng cho vay P2P i
vo ngnh, th trng ti chnh ho n s ngy cng tr nn d tip
cn hn vi cc doanh nghip trn ton cu. Tng quy m th trng
cho ti chnh ha n tng nhanh v t trn 3 nghn t USD trn
ton th gii. Khng c hiu bit su v chuyn mn v tn dng v
bo lnh pht hnh c th gy thit hi ti chnh nghim trng cho cc
nh khai thc nn tng P2P v cc nh u t trn nn tng ca h.
Tn dng chung v kinh nghim bo lnh pht hnh trong ngnh ny
thng khng xy dng mt hot ng bao thanh ton thnh
cng v bn vng. Nhng g chng ti xut l nn tng bao thanh
ton c xy dng bng cch s dng d liu XBRL to ra mt loi
h thng ri ro tn dng mi s dng cc cng thc tnh im v ph
sn tn dng nh Altman Z-SCORE c th c s dng thc hin
phn tch ri ro tn dng chuyn su v tim nng c nhm mc tiu
Khch hng vay, cng ty lin kt v khch hng ca h. Trong khi cng
cung cp cc gii php tip th c nhm mc tiu tm ra nhng
ngi vay cn s dng cc phng php ho n ti chnh nh phn
tch cm cm K, ng thi thc hin vic s dng cc hp ng thng
minh trn nn tng ny, chng ta khng ch c th trnh gian ln ti
chnh Gii php hiu qu trong iu hnh mt doanh nghip vi tim
nng to ln ton cu.
GII THIU
Gi dng tin mt tch cc l phn quan trng nht i vi bt k
DNNVV no, thm ch nhiu hn trong mt nn kinh t hin ang hi
phc sau cuc suy thoi. Rt cuc, vic tip cn cc khon tin ca
mt SME cho php SME to ra cc c hi mi, pht trin cc k hoch
hin c, mua sm thit b mi, tr tin lng v m phn cc iu
khon tt nht vi nh cung cp ca h. Tht khng may, gi mt
dng tin thng xuyn trong kinh doanh thng ni d hn lm. c
bit nu cc khon thanh ton mun cho cc DNVVN ang gi li. Hin
ti c tnh rng cc khon thanh ton tr s lm chi ph cho cc
doanh nghip va v nh Anh khong 1,9 t bng Anh mi nm. Nu
mt doanh nghip nh v va bn cc sn phm hoc dch v ca
mnh cho cc doanh nghip khc theo thi hn tn dng th c th gip
vic thanh ton ha n hoc chit khu ho n cng c gi l ti
khon ho n. y l mt hnh thc ti tr gii phng tin mt gn
lin vi ha n bn hng ni bt ca SME ngay lp tc vi chi ph m
c SME v nh u t u ng . Hin ti c hn 40.000 doanh nghip
trn khp Vng quc Anh s dng ha n ti chnh h tr h
cc giai on khc nhau trong vng i kinh doanh ca h. Hn na,
ti thi im ny, c nhiu doanh nghip Vng quc Anh s dng
hnh thc ti chnh ny - c bit vo thi im cc t chc ti chnh
truyn thng khc t chi yu cu ti tr. Tnh n nm 2016, 50%
doanh nghip va v nh chim tng doanh thu ca Anh l 3tn v 46%
s doanh nghip va v nh gp phi mt s vn v dng tin mt
v thanh ton chm.
u ra s to ra 4 cm.
Tp hp ngha l:
S cng ty trong mi cm c th c m t l
HIU V PHN TCH
CHNH XC V HIU QU
Trong th nghim u tin ca n, Altman Z-Score c tm thy l
chnh xc 72% trong d on ph sn hai nm trc khi s kin ny,
vi li Type II (sai s m) l 6% (Altman, 1968). Trong mt lot cc cuc
kim tra tip theo trong ba giai on trong 31 nm tip theo (cho n
nm 1999), m hnh ny c xc nh chnh xc khong 80% -90%
trong d on s ph sn mt nm trc s kin, vi li Type II (phn
loi Cng ty b ph sn khi n khng b ph sn) khong 15% -20%
(Altman, 2000). T nm 1985 tr i, im Z c cc kim ton
vin, k ton qun tr, ta n v h thng c s d liu chp nhn rng
ri nh gi khon vay. Cch tip cn ca cng thc c s
dng trong nhiu ng cnh v quc gia, mc d n c thit k ban
u cho cc cng ty sn xut cng khai vi ti sn hn 1 triu la.
Cc bin th sau ca Altman c thit k p dng cho cc cng
ty t nhn (Altman Z'-Score) v cc cng ty khng sn xut (Altman Z
"-Score). Khng nn dng m hnh Altman hay cc m hnh da trn
bng cn i khc s dng Vi cc cng ty ti chnh v s m m
ca bng cn i ti chnh ca cc cng ty ti chnh v vic thng
xuyn s dng cc khon mc ngoi bng.
X1 = Vn hot ng / Tng Ti sn
X2 = Thu nhp gi li / Tng Ti sn
X3 = Thu nhp trc Li v Thu / Tng Ti sn
X4 = Gi tr th trng ca vn c phn / tng n
X5 = Bn hng / Tng Ti sn
Z im ph sn m hnh:
Z = 1.2X1 + 1.4X2 + 3.3X3 + 0.6X4 + .999X5
HP NG THNG MINH
TNG TC NN TNG
U THU
Khi nh u t ng k, anh ta phi cung cp thng tin c nhn
v ti liu (d liu KYC).
Qun tr vin ph duyt hoc chn ti khon ca mnh da trn
thng tin c cung cp.
Trong trng hp c chp thun, nh u t c th s dng
nn tng :
Qu tin gi.
Trnh duyt cc u gi ang hot ng v cc nhm nh u t
trong .
To nhm nh u t u gi hot ng. Mi nhm nh u
t u c mc tiu. S tin mc tiu phi ln hn gi tr bn ti
thiu ca cuc u gi v phi t hn s tin trn ho n.
u thu u gi trong (cc) nhm nh u t.
V
Vic s dng v nn c m t trong 4.2., 4.3., 4.4.
DNG VN
Tn hiu tin t n nh
Dng cc qu trong nn tng ny c thc hin bng cch s dng
cc m thng bo dn c n nh (cc xu) c thng nht t 1 n
1 vi cc loi tin t ca chnh ph trn ton th gii. Chng hn,
bn trong nn tng, 8 GBP s c i din bi 8 la c. Tt c
cc hot ng bn trong nn tng c thc hin vi cc th. Khng
c hot ng no trong nn tng s dng hoc da vo Ether. S
tru tng ny cho php chng ti hot ng trn nn tng
Ethereum v tn dng cc hp ng thng minh ca n, ng thi
trnh s dng trc tip cc thut ng b mt v s bin ng ca
chng. ng tin c bn v m thng bo n nh cho nn l GBP.
Cuc i ca cc th c chia thnh hai phn:
Xu Populous n nh bn trong nn tng
Nn tng qun l mt s ci ni b vi s d ca mi ti khon
ca ngi vay v nh u t (thnh phn tham gia) cho mi loi
tin t. Ch nn tng c quyn truy cp s ci ni b ny. Nn
tng ny lm cho giao dch ni b gia cc ti khon thay mt
cho cc din vin da trn hnh ng ca h trong nn tng.
Xu Populous n nh bn ngoi nn tng
Bn ngoi nn tng, chng ti cung cp mt hp ng thng
minh c th truy cp cng cng cho mi m thng bo, trin khai
tiu chun xu Ethereum ERC 20 (hp ng m thng bo bn
ngoi). Cc tc nhn c th thu hi th ca h t nn tng vo
hp ng tn dng bn ngoi tng ng ph thuc vo n v tin
t ca m thng bo. V d, mt din vin c th rt cc ng xu
la Dn s ca mnh vo hp ng tn dng ngoi t la M.
Ngi din vin cung cp mt a ch Ethereum m cc tm th
c chuyn. Khi rt qun, cc th bi b ph hy t s ci bn
trong ca n v c vo hp ng tn dng bn ngoi tng ng
(ngc li, nu cc th c gi li vo nn). Ty chn ny cho
php ngi din vin c quyn truy cp vo th ca mnh c lp
vi nn tng.
NP VN
RT VN
CHUYN QU
KHUYN KHCH
KT LUN
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altman_Z-score
https://home.deib.polimi.it/matteucc/Clustering/tutorial_html/kme
ans.html
https://www.ethereum.org/token
http://www.abfa.org.uk/
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/xbrl-tagging-
requirement-filing-company-tax-returns-online
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract
https://www.gov.uk/business-finance-explained/invoice-financing
https://www.cfainstitute.org/Survey/survey_extensible_business_r
eporting_language_xbrl.pdf
http://www.dnb.com/content/dam/english/economic-and-industry-
insight/payment-study-2016-international.pdf
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/business/business-
growth/12011545/sme-late-payment-issues.html
https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20