EXPERIMENT NO.

9
AIM: To build, analyse and study the output of
three phase fully controlled bridge converter.
Objective:
To build the 3-phase fully controlled bridge circuit.
To analyse the firing circuit and pulse involved.
To study the output dc waveforms in the power scope.

Equipment Used:
Sl
.
Name of the Apparatus Makers Name Quantity
N
o.
1. High voltage power Scientech
electronics lab (Scientech Technologies Pvt. 1
2700) Ltd.
2. According to
Patch Cords -
need
3. Power Scope - 1
4. CRO MECO 1
5. Load(electric bulb) - 2

Circuit Diagram and Theoretical Waveform:

Figure: Circuit Diagram

 Model graph

Theory:
It has 3 legs, each phase connected to one of the 3-phase
voltages alternatively, it can be seen that the bridge circuit has
two halves, the positive half and the negative half. The positive
half consists of T1, T3, T5 and the negative half has T4, T6, T2
respectively.
Each SCR conducts for 120o of input signal. Now the SCRs
are fired in the sequence: T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 with 60 o
interval in each SCR firing. So SCRs on the same leg are fired at
an interval of 180o and can not conduct simultaneously. This
leaves only 6 possible conduction mode for the converters in
the continuous mode of operation. These are (T1T2), (T2T3),
(T3T4), (T4T5), (T5T6).. and so on. Each conduction mode is of
60o.
Hence there are two modes of operation:
a) Discontinuous mode(>60o)
b) Continuous mode(<60o)
1. Discontinuous Mode:
From the waveforms it can easily be observed that
for the interval /3 2/3 SCRs T1 and T6 is
phasor(R-Y) conduct up to angle as phase Y
becomes positive w.r.t. phase B. After 60o interval,
when SCRs T2 and T1 are turned on then phasor(R-B)
 conduct up to angle. The load current become zero
from angle to the next triggering pulse. Hence the
current is discontinuous.

2. Continuous Mode:
Here is taken from 0o to 60o when line R-Y starts
conducting with the value of between 0o to 60o. It
continues to conduct for 60o internal, when the
phasor(R-B) is hired, the conduction is changed from
T6 to T2. SCR T6 is turned off by the reverse voltage
across it because of phasor B-Y. Now the R-B phasor
will continues to conduct for another 60o interval.
After 60o internal phasor Y-B starts conduction with
phase Y volt. Value is greater than B or R:

Firing Circuit:
The zero crossover detector produces a square waveform
of o/p. corresponding to the AC i/p signal. That square wave is
the input to the microcontroller base circuit which produces
the pulses with 0o and 180o phase from the input supply of each
1- AC signal. Next the pulse are sent to the pulse isolation
sector by means of pulse isolation transformer and output gate
pulse to SCR. By varying the angle change regulator we can
have different and corresponding Vdc(output voltage).

Observation table:

DC output
Firing
Sl AC input phase voltage(Vdc)
angle() in
No voltage Vrms in in
degrees(ap
. volt(approx.) volts(appro
prox.)
x.)
 1.
2.
3.
4.

Procedure:
1. The connections are made as per the circuit diagram given
above.
2. The R Load must be carefully chosen/given.
3. Turn ON the circuit and observe the waveform across the R
load.
4. Measure the X-axis time interval of ON time of Load Voltage
and OFF Time of Load Voltage.
5. Adjust the value of Firing angle and note down the load
voltage
6. Repeat the step 4.
7. Repeat the experiment for different values of and note
down Vdc.

Results and Discussion:

1. We can see that = 60o is the threshold firing angle after
which the output dc waveforms start discontinuity.
2. The range of firing angle is 0o to 120o.
3. As we can see when we are increasing the , then the
corresponding output voltage is decreasing and vice-
versa.

Precautions:
1. Connection should be proper & tight.
2. Switch "ON" the supply after completing the circuit.
3. CROs should be well calibrated for optimal viewing.
4. Wearing shoes is mandatory to prevent oneself from risk
of shocks.

Viva Questions:
1. What is peak inverse voltage?
2. Mention the application of three phase fully controlled
bridge converter?
3. What is conduction angle?
4. What are the effects of adding freewheeling diode in this
circuit?
5. What are the advantages of three phase rectifier over a
single phase rectifier?
6. What are the performance parameters of 3-phase
rectifier?
7. What is the difference between half wave and full wave
rectifier?