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ClassificationofMechanicalVentilatorsandModesofVentilation|PrinciplesandPracticeofMechanicalVentilation,3e|AccessMedicine|

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Chapter2.ClassificationofMechanicalVentilatorsandModesofVentilation
RobertL.Chatburn

Agoodventilatorclassificationschemedescribeshowventilatorsworkingeneralterms,butwithenoughdetailsothatoneparticularmodelcanbedistinguished
fromothers.Itfacilitatesdescriptionbyfocusingonkeyattributesinalogicalandconsistentmanner.Acleardescriptionallowsustoquicklyassessnewfactsin
relationtoourpreviousknowledge.Learningtheoperationofanewventilatorordescribingittoothersthenbecomesmucheasier.Understandinghowthe
ventilatoroperates,wecanthenanticipateappropriateventilatormanagementstrategiesforparticularclinicalsituations.Theclassificationsystemdescribedinthis
chapterisbasedonpreviouslypublishedwork.17

Aventilatorissimplyamachine,asystemofrelatedelementsdesignedtoalter,transmit,anddirectenergyinapredeterminedmannertoperformusefulwork.We
putenergyintotheventilatorintheformofelectricity(energy=voltsampstime)orcompressedgas(energy=pressurevolume).Thatenergyistransmitted
ortransformed(bytheventilatorsdrivemechanism)inapredeterminedmanner(bythecontrolcircuit)toaugmentorreplacethepatientsmusclesinperforming
theworkofbreathing.Thustounderstandmechanicalventilatorsingeneral,wemustfirstunderstandtheirbasicfunctions:(a)powerinput,(b)powertransmission
orconversion,(c)controlscheme,and(d)output.Thissimpleformatcanbeexpandedtoaddasmuchdetailasdesired(Table21).

Table21:OutlineofVentilatorClassificationSystem

ViewLarge | FavoriteTable | Download(.pdf)

Adiscussionofinputpowersourcesandpowerconversionandtransmissionisbeyondthescopeofthischapterthesetopicshavebeentreatedelsewhere.7,8
Thechapterdoes,however,exploreindetailcontrolschemesandventilatormodesbecausethesedirectlyaffectpatientmanagement.

ModelsofPatientVentilatorInteraction
...
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