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New Additional
Mathematics:
Cheat Sheet
For O Levels
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 1
1. Sets
A null or empty set is donated by { } or .
2. Simultaneous Equations
2 4
=
2
1. 0 = 1
1
2. =
1
3. =
4. = ( )
5. = +
6. =
7. ( ) =
8. = ()
9. =( )
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 2
Logarithms
1. = =
2. 1 = 0
3. = 1
4. = +
5. =
6. =
1
7. =
8. =
1
9. =
log
10. log = log log =
log
x-intercept
Put y=0
Turning point
Method 1
x-coordinate: =
2
42
y-coordinate: =
4
Method 2
Express = 2 + + as = ( )2 + by completing
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 3
2. Types of roots of + + =
2 4 0 : real roots
2 4 < 0 : no real roots
2 4 > 0 : distinct real roots
2 4 = 0 : equal, coincident or repeated real roots
Identities
() () () = () For all values of x
Remainder theorem
If a polynomial f(x) is defined by (x-a), the remainder is R =f(a)
Factor Theorem
(x-a) is a factor of f(x) then f(a) = 0
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 4
II. Divide the cubic equation with a, by synthetic division to find the
quadratic equation.
III. Solve the quadratic equation to find remaining two factors of cubic
equation.
For example:
6. Matrices
1. Order of a matrix
Order if matrix is stated as its number of rows x number of columns. For
example, the matrix (5 6 2) has order 1 x 3.
2. Equality
Two matrices are equal if they are of the same order and if their
corresponding elements are equal.
3. Addition
To add two matrices, we add their corresponding elements.
6 2 4 2 2 0
For example, ( )+( )=( ).
3 5 4 1 7 6
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 5
4. Subtraction
To subtract two matrices, we subtract their corresponding elements.
6 3 5 2 7 5 4 4 0
For example: ( )( )=( ).
9 14 5 4 20 1 12 6 6
5. Scalar multiplication
To multiply a matrix by k, we multiply each element by k.
2 4 2 4 2 6
For example, ( )=( ) or 3 ( ) = ( ).
3 1 3 4 12
6. Matrix multiplication
To multiply two matrices, column of the first matrix must be equal to the
row of the second matrix. The product will have order row of first matrix
X column of second matrix.
2 4
3 2 1 4
For example: (1 3 ) ( ) = ( )
1 5 2 7
2 1
To get the first row of product do following:
a = (2 x 3) + (4 X 1) = 10 (1st row of first, 1st column of second)
b = (2 x 2) + (4 x 5) = 24 (1st row of first, 2st column of second)
c = (2 x 1) + (4 x 2) = 10 (1st row of first, 3st column of second)
d = (2 x 4) + (4 x 7) = 36 (1st row of first, 4st column of second)
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 6
7. 2 x2 Matrices
1 0
a. The matrix ( ) is called identity matrix. When it is multiplied with
0 1
any matrix X the answer will be X.
b. Determinant of matrix ( ) will be = | | =
c. Adjoint of matrix ( ) will be = ( )
d. Inverse of non-singular matrix (determinant is 0) ( ) will be :
1
= ( )
8. Solving simultaneous linear equations by a matrix method
+ =
( ) ( ) = ( )
+ =
1
() = ( ) ( )
7. Coordinate Geometry
Formulas
= (2 1 )2 + (2 1 )2
1 + 2 1 + 2
= ( , )
2 2
Parallelogram
To find the equation of a line of best fit, you need the gradient(m) of the
line, and the y-intercept(c) of the line. The gradient can be found by taking
any two points on the line and using the following formula:
2 1
= =
2 1
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 7
The y-intercept is the y-coordinate of the point at which the line crosses
the y-axis (it may need to be extended). This will give the following
equation:
= +
Where y and x are the variables, m is the gradient and c is the y-intercept.
Perpendicular bisector
Points of Intersection
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 8
8. Linear Law
To apply the linear law for a non-linear equation in variables x and y, express
the equation in the form
= +
9. Functions
Page 196 of Book
90
Sin All
2 1
180 0,360
Tan Cos
3 4
270
is always acute.
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 9
Basics
sin =
cos =
tan =
sin
tan =
cos
1
cosec =
sin
1
sec =
cos
1
cot =
tan
Rule 1
sin(90 ) = cos
cos(90 ) = sin
1
tan(90 ) = = cot
tan
Rule 2
sin(180 ) = + sin
cos(180 ) = cos
tan(180 ) = tan
Rule 3
sin(180 + ) = sin
cos(180 + ) = cos
tan(180 + ) = +tan
Rule 4
sin(360 ) = sin
cos(360 ) = +cos
tan(360 ) = tan
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 10
Rule 5
sin( ) = sin
cos() = +cos
tan() = tan
3
= 270 2 = 360
2
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 11
0! = 1
! = ( 1)!
!
=
( )!
!
=
( )! !
15. Differentiation
( ) = 1
( + ) = 1 + 1
( ) = 1
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 12
() = +
( )=
2
=
= 100%
( + ) = + +
2
= 0 and 0 when x =a then point (a, f(a)) is a turning point.
2
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 13
(sinn ) = sinn1 cos
(cosn ) = cos n1 sin
(tann ) = tann1 sec 2
( ) =
+
( ) = +
A curve defined by y=ln(ax+b) has a domain ax+b>0 and the curve cuts the
x-axis at the point where ax+b=1
1
( ) =
1
(ln ) =
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 14
[( + )] =
+
20. Integration
= =
1 2 1
( + ) = = 2 +
2 2
+1
= +
+1
)
+1 +1
( + = + +
+1 +1
( + )+1
( + ) = +
( + 1)
[()] = () () = () ()
() + () = ()
() = ()
() = 0
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 15
(sin ) = cos cos = sin +
(cos ) = sin sin = cos +
(tan ) = sec 2 2 = +
1 1
[ sin( + )] = cos( + ) cos( + ) = sin( + ) +
1 1
[ cos( + )] = sin( + ) sin( + ) = cos( + ) +
1 1
[ tan( + )] = sec 2 ( + ) 2 ( + ) = ( + ) +
( ) = = +
( ) = = +
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 16
= ()
= [() () ]
22. Kinematics
=
=
=
= +
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New Additional Mathematics: Cheat Sheet 17
1
= + 2
2
1
= ( + )
2
2 = 2 + 2
23. Vectors
= ( ) then |
If | = 2 + 2
is
Unit vector is the direction of
1 1
( + ) ()
2 + 2 2 + 2
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