ANSI® €37.51-1989 (Revision of ANS! C37 51-187) American National Standard for Switchgear— Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage AC Power-Circuit-Breaker Switchgear Assemblies—Conformance Test Procedures ‘Secretariat National Electrical Manufacturers Association Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Approved November 4, 1988 ‘American National Standards Institute, Inc “""Keproduced under licence By ~~) , "LiL tndex House, Ascot. Berks SL57BU_ j, “hone 01344 636300 Fax 01344 291194 ‘No further reproduction permitted _ without the publisher write: consent _|American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. ‘Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has ‘been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple ‘majority, but not necessurily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. ‘The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude “anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards, ‘The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard, Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard, CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Instiate require that action be taken periodically to reaffim, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or ional Standards Institue, ‘tig te pean Na fh Published by American National Standards Institute 1 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright ©1989 by American National Standards Institute All rights reserved. ‘No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior writen permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of AmericaForeword (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard C37.51-1989.) ‘This standard is a revision of American National Standard for Conformance Testing of Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage [AC Power Circuit Breaker Switchgear Assemblies, ANSI C37.51-1979. This revision describes selected tests and procediures to demonstrite conformance in accordance with Section 5, Tests, of American National Standard for ‘Metal-Enclosed Low-Veltage Power Circuit-Breaker Switchgear, ANSV/IEEE C37.20.1-1987. It is being published separately from ANSVIEEE C37.20-1987 to facilitate its use and to permit timely revisions based on experience. “This standard is one of several ina series of test procedure standards for conformance testing switchgear products. While this standard is written for general guidance, performance criteria are established so that this standard can be adopted as the basis for certification of metal-enclosed low-voltage alterating-current power-circut-breaker switchgear assemblies for use in nonutilty installations subject to regulation by public authorities and similar agencies concemed with laws, ordinances, regulations, administrative orders, and similar instruments. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 2101 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037. ‘This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee on Power ‘Switchgear, C37. Committee approval ofthe standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval, At the timeit approved this standard, the C37 Committee had the following members: W.E. Laubach, Chair W.N. Rothenbubler (Executive Vice-Chair, High-Voltage Standards) S. Telander (Executive Vice-Chair, Low-Voltage Standards) LL, Swindller (Executive Vice-Chair, International Electrotechnical Commission) CH. White, Secretary MB, Williams (Program Administrator) Name of Organization Represented Representative Associaton of Iron and Stee! Engineers. 3M. Tilman lect Light and Power Group. RL. Capra (Chale) DA Diole KD. Hendrix LH. Provanzana D.T. Weston TE Bruck (Al) DEE Soffrin (A) H.W, Mikulecky (Cain) WEF Boenigmann DM.Larson E.W. Schmunk CA. Schwalbe ‘S.C. Atkinson (Ald) D.G. Kumbera (All) RA. McMaster (Gui TC. Burnett RE.Miller ROD. Whitt HL Miler (Al Insttate of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. [National Blecrcal Manufacturers Assosiation..Name of Organization Represented Representative ‘Tennessee Valley Authority seven sevsnnene RCSt Cit ‘Testing Laboratory Group. seven LPR Wz. O'Grady RW Seetbach (Al) US.DepartmentofAgriculre RuralElectrfication Administration HL. Bowles US. Deparunent ofthe Army, Office ofthe Chief of Engineers... H.K. Snyder US, Department ofthe Interior, Bureau of ReclamatioNereswunn ReHe Auerbach U.S, Department ofthe Navy, Naval Construction Battalion Center RL Clark Westem Power Administration. . GD.Birey ‘The C37 Subcommittee on Conformance Test Procedures, which was responsible for the development of had the following memters: (Chair (Position Vacant)) CHL White, Secretary L. Frier E.G. Rapske SH. Telander RA. Memaster RW. Seelbach AS. Shaffer ‘Working Group Number 2 on Conformance Test Procedures, which prepared this revision, and which was sponsored by the C37 Subcommittee on Conformance Test Procedures, had the following members: CE. Kunkel, Chair C.H. White, Secretary ‘ L rier MF. Olender R, W. Seetbach (Alt) A.J. SchafferReferenced American National Standards General Test Corditions.. 341 Ambient Conditions: 3.2. Protection and Conditions — Control ‘Conformance Test Requirements 441 General 42 Test Requirements... 43. Test Arrangements 44 Altemating-Current Dielectric Withstand Tests. 4S. Mechanical Performance Tests — Removable Circuit Breakers, 46 Continuous Current Test. 7 4.7 Short-Time Current Withstand Test. 48. Short-Circuit Current Withstand Tests ‘Treatment of Failures, ‘Accessory Devices, 61 eee WD 62 sone 12 Production Tests ses - 2 7.1 Altemating Current Dielectric Withstand Tests. 7.2. Mechanical Operation Tests 7.3. Grounding of Instrument Transformer Cases Test TA Electrical Operation and Wiring Tests. : Retesting ‘Annex (informative) Guide for Methods of Power-Factor Measurement for Low-Voltage Indoctive Test CircuitsAmerican National Standard tor Switchgear— Metal-Enclosed Low-Voltage AC Power-Circuit-Breaker Switchgear Assemblies—Conformance Test Procedures 1. Scope ‘This standard applies to metal-enclosed low-voltage power-circuit-breaker switchgear assemblies and covers the conformance test procedares for the basic switchgear section that includes the structure, cireuit-breaker compartments, instrament compartments, buses, and internal connections (see American National Standard for Metal-Enclosed Low- Voltage Power Circuit-Breaker Switchgear, ANSVIEBE C37.20.1-1987 for assigned ratings and usual service conditions). ‘This standard does not apply to installations under the exclusive control of electric utilities for the purposes of ‘communication or metering or for the generation, control, transformation, transmission and distribution of electric ‘energy located in buildings used exclusively by utilities for such purposes, or located outdoors on property owned or leased by the utility or an public highways, strets, roads, and the like, or located outdoors by established rights on private property. Low-voltage switchgear assemblies usually include control and instrumentation components that are unique for the application and are not individually evalusted under this standard. However, these components when utilized in circuits that obtain their energy from primary sources within the low-voltage switchgear shall be suitably protected as specified in 3.2. NOTE — Inthis standard, de use of the term “low-voltage switchgear” shal be considered to mean “metal-enclosed low-voltage altemating-current power-cireu-breaker switchgear assemblies” The use of the tem “eizeuit breaker” shall be ‘cnsdered to mean “low-voltage alternatng-carren power circuit breaker, unless qualified by her descriptive tems, ‘This standard specifies the tests that shall be performed to demonstrate that the low-voltage switchgear being tested ‘conforms with the ratings assigned to it in accordance with American National Standard for Metal-Enclosed Low- Veltage Power Circuit-Breaker Switchgear, ANSVIBEE C37.20.1-1987, and American National Standard for Switchgear — Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breakers and AC Power Cireuit Protectors — Preferred Ratings, Related ‘Reguizements, and Application Recommendations, ANSI C37.16-1988. Cepyight © 1989 IEEE Al Rohts Reserved 1AMERICAN NATIONAL. STANDARD C37.51-1989, 2, Referenced American National Standards ‘This standard is intended tobe used in conjunction with the following publications. When the referenced standards are superseded by a revision approved by the American National Standards Institut, Inc, the revision shall apply ANSI C37.16-1988, Switchgear — Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breakers and AC Power Circuit Protectors — Preferred Ratings, Relsted Requirements, and Application Recommendations ANSI C37.50-1989, Switchgear — Low-Voltage AC Power Circuit Breakers Used in Enclosures — Test Procedures ANSIMEEE C37,09-1979 (R 1989), C37.08c-1984, and C37.09¢-1985, Test Procedure for AC High-Voltage Cireuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis ANSVIEEE C37.13-1981, Low-Voltage AC Power Cireuit Breakers Used in Enclosures ANSVIBEE C37.20.1-1987, Metal-Enclosed Low-Vollage Power Citcuit-Breaker Switchgear ANSVIEEE C37.26-1972 (R 1978), Guide for Methods of Power-Factor Measurement for Low-Voltage Inductive Test Circuits ANSVIEEE 4-1978, Standard Techniques for High Voltage Testing 3. General Test Conditions 3.4 Ambient Conditions ‘The conditions prevailing at the test site during tests on low-voltage switchgear shall be those usual service conditions given in Section 3 of ANSVIEEE C37,20.1-1987, except that the temperature ofthe air surrounding the asserably (ambient) for the continous current test shall be within the range of 10° C to 40° C. 3.2 Protection and Conditions — Control and Instrumentation 3.2.1 General All voltage eireuits used for contol, relaying, or metering shall be protected within the low-voltage switchgear as follows: 1) Al circuits supplied from external sources (alternating current or direct current) shall have short-circuit Protection with the control source incoming section. This may be provided by a single set of short-circuit protective devices. 2) Al circuits supplied from internal sources (altemating current or direct current) shall have short-circuit Protection within the same section as the supply source. If these circuits are supplied by a control power ‘transformer, this protection may be i the primary circuit only. Overcurrent protection of voltage circuits may be provided in addition to the required short-circuit protection, Other circuits supplying leads such as heaters, lights, or receptacles, shall have overload and short-circuit protection |ANSUIELE C57.26-1972 has ben withdrawn as an Amrican Naoes Standard (pending review or teaimaon, bet i epoduced inthe ‘Append woaid in he conpleden ofthe regaements of ANSI COTSICIS, 2 Copyright © 1860 IEEE Al Fights ReservedAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 037.51-1988 Current transformers shall be of the proper voltage class. Overcurrent protection is not permitted in current ‘wansformer secondary circuits, ‘Voltage transformers or control power transformers are required whenever the nominal primary voltage is greater than 240 volts alternating current. 3.2.2 Control Power Transformers Short-circut protection of control power transformers shall be provided in accordance with Table 1 ‘Table 1— Control Power Transformer Short-Circuit Protection ‘Primary Maximoam Carrent-Limiting —, Fase Rating — Amperes Rating 240V_480V—_<6OOY UpwikvA 10" 0 6 2 2» 10 0 3 30 15 15 3 30 2 20 18 80 “0 30 10 100 50 0 1s 150 % oo Das ama cron, cae, oes of eae ing es Sui are rans se shove bt he ang Sm amperes Be 3.2.8 Voltage Transformers ‘Voltage transformers shall be protected inthe primary circuit with current-limiting fuses not larger than 10 amperes. 4, Conformance Test Requirements 4.4 General ‘Tests shall be made on representative test arrangements of low-voltage switchgear, as described in 4.3, to demonstrate tive capability of the low-voltage switchgear to meet its assigned ratings and to operate under usual service conditions, as outlined in Section 3 of ANSIAEEE C37.20.1-1987. For each frame size of the circuit-breaker compartment to be tested, the test arrangement designated in 4.3 shall be used. 4.2 Test Requirements ‘All test arrangements shall be subjected to the following tests (in accordance with the subsections indicated in parentheses) fo prove the adequacy of the design: Copytight © 1080 EEE Al Rights Reserved 3AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C37.51-1968 1) Alternating-current dielectric withstand test (4.4) 2) Mechanical performance test (4.5) 3) Continuous current test (4.6) 4) Short-time cunrent withstand test (4.7) 5) Short-circut current withstand test (4.8) ©) Altemating-current dielectric withstand test (repeated) (44) 4.3 Test Arrangements ‘The tes arrangement construction shall consist of an indoor vertical section of cireuit-breaker compartments plus an ‘additional representazive structure to simulate actual installation of two adjacent sections so thatthe min bus extends through both sections aad includes 2 main bus splice. {Ifthe low-voltage switchgear is manufactured in both stationary and drawout designs and the bus design is identical {or both, either design stall be tested, except for test 4.2(2), which shall be conducted on the drawout design. For ests 4.2(1) and 4.20), the circuit breaker may be in any compertment. ‘Test 4.2) shall be conducted with a single circuit breaker in the uppermost circuit breaker compartment of any sarangement used by the manufacturer for the rating being tested, wth all other compartments in that vertical section bussed to receive circuit breakers, but with ciruit breakers, if installed in these compartments, disconnected for the test. Tests 4.2(4) and 4.28) shall be made with a circuit breaker inthe uppermost compartment, Unless itis determined ‘hat circuit breakers neod not be inchided inthe shor-time and short-circuit current withstand tests (see 47 and a8), ‘The section bus (riser) shall be the minimum size furnished by the manufecturer for the frame size of the circuit breaker used in the test arrangement. Test Arrangement Number 1 1-600 A Frame Size Cicuit-Breakor Comparument — 1600 A Main Bus ‘Test Arangement Number 2 1-800 A Frame Size Cruit-Breaker Compartment — 1630 A Main Bus ‘Test Arangement Number 3 1-1600 A Frame Size Circuit Breaker (Compartment — 1600 A Min Bus Test Arrangement Number 4 1.2000 A Frame Size Circuit Breaker ‘Compartment — 2060 A Main Bus 4 Copyright © 1986 IEEE Al Fights Reserves[AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C37:51-1980 ‘Test Arrangement Number 5 1-3000 A Frame Size Cireuit-Breaker — ‘Compartment —3€00 A Main Bus ‘Test Arrangement Number 6 1-3200 A Frame Size Cireuit-Breaker (Compartment —3200 A Main Bus ‘Test Arrangement Numter 7 1.4000 A Frame Size Cireuit-Breaker ‘Compartment — 4€00 A Main Bus 44 Alternating-Current Dielectric Withstand Tests ‘Alterating-curtent dielectric withstand tests on low-voltage switchgear shall be made to determine the ability of the insulation to withstand overvoltage Alternting-current test voltages shall be measured in accordance with ANSIMEEE 4-1978. The potential shall be increased gradually from zeto s0 as to reach the required test value in 5 seconds to 10 seconds and shall be held t that value for I minute. “The test voltage shall be essentially sinusoidal and applied with a minimum crest value equal to 1.414 times the specified values, The frequency ofthe test voltage shall be within +20 percent ofthe rated frequency of the low-voltage switchgear being tested. If test transformer of less than 500 volt-amperes is used, a suitable voltmeter shall be provided to measure the applied output potential directly. ‘A diclectic test voltage of 2200 volts, 60 hertz, shall be epplied for a period of 1 minute to the primary circuit ofthe Jow-voltage switchgear in the following manner: 1) With the citeuitbreaker in the connected position, apply the test voltage between primary circuits and ground «folio 4) With the circul-breaker contacts closed. Between each phase of the test arangement with the metal frame of the switchgear structure and the other phases and the neutral bus grounded. b) With the crcuit-breaker contacts open, Between each terminal ofthe test arrangement with the metal frame of the switchgear structure and all other terminals grounded. 2) With the circuit breaker inthe test position and contacts closed, apply the test voltage as follows: 8) With the lower terminals of the circuit-breaker compartment connected to the metal frame of the switchgear structure and to ground. Between the upper terminals of the compartment and ground. b) With the spper terminals of the circuit-breaker compartment connected to the metal frame of the switchgear siructure and to ground. Between the lower terminals of the compartment and ground. 3) Between neutral and ground, except st 1800 volts instead of 2200 volts. Dielectric tests are not required for fused circuit-breaker equipment (1) when the fused cireut-breaker compartment in the low-voltage switchgear is physically equivalent to the circuit-breaker test enclosure previously tested in accordance with ANSI C37.50-1989, and (2) when the connectors from the section bus (riser) to the fused circuit- breaker compartment are physically equivalent to the uofused connectors. Copyright © 1600 IEEE Al Fights Resoned 5‘AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 97-51-1968 4.5 Mechanical Performance Tests — Removable Circuit Breakers 4.5.1 Test Procedure When low-voltage switchgear includes drawout circuit breakers, mechanical performance tests shall be performed on ‘ach frame size to demonstrate proper operation of the following elements with all extemal primary connections removed: 1) _Separable primary contacts 2) Separable contra contacts 3) Citeuit-breakerremovable element position interlocks 4) Stored-energy mechanism interlocks, as applicable 5). Housing-mounted breaker position switches “Mechanical performance tests of fused circuit breakers are not equired when the five elements specified in 45.1(1) {hough 4.5.1(5) aze of equivalent design on fused and unfused circuit breakers. ‘The tests shall be performed either with an electrically operated circuit breaker or with a manually operated circuit breaker having a stored-energy closing mechanism and equipped with separable control contacts if the design of the rmueymmetrical « Av. B +A B 1 minor ordinate ‘current ‘Bae Faas A. peakto-peak value of alternating component 1°. rma exymmettical Ae current D+ decomponent » A conn wave Figure 1 —Ratio Method Refer to Fig. 2or Table ?to determine the power factor ofthe test circuit. 5 DC Decrement Method 5.4 General ‘This method is recommended for circuits of 30 percent power factor or less where the device to be tested interrupts at 1 point in time more than one-half cycle from the initiation of the current, This method relates power factor tothe rate of decay of the de component. The current measuring method used should not introduce distortion into the de ‘component. Use noninductive shunts since current transformers may introduce significant error. 5.2 Procedure for Determining Power Factor ‘The power factor may be determined from the curve ofthe de component of the asymmetrical current wave. See Fig, 3. 524 ‘The equation for the de component Re Igo R00) Copyright © 1989 IEEE All Fighis Reserved "‘ASIERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD 037.51-1089 ‘value ofthe de component at time 1 initial value ofthe de component time constant of the circuit in seconds ‘time interval, in seconds, between ig and Joy base of Napierian logarithms (2.7183) UCTIPLYING FACTOR 1033895007089 900 SWORT-CURCUIT POMER FACTOR, PERCEAT Figure 2—Multiplying Factor vs Power Factor 18 Copyiiget © 1989 IEEE A Righs Reservedponesek suBti hV 3331 E861 @ AGO Powew wewaiag Da—¢ aunBiy sunoais 96-7 ‘oy 6 ofSu2 op aurea, zes (661-18'260 GUVANVLS TWNOLLYN NVOIUSIY6 poraesou su BY 3351 0884 @ WBAIEOO ‘paunuuotop st 77 HOR wos} “pry suasaudas wou x ona, CF one xp cn Suypuodseueo3~ Jo one ath surUNEEp 230 SamEA JOTI EOL (C PK BupEnIp AG-yy 930 SNIEA aU euRUIEG CC 1 aup spo Ane 3 J ony aun pa wou auasio Jo oun ih 8% jo ame AMSEC _smojfoy se ermuog anos ayn WOH PoURTUDOsE oq unD y7 HHESHOD om SU, cacoT too —~«OO—C«T S01 or sare ——~—« zoncot—wonwoT IDB 01 orl se 0000" coor awseo 8 OT ort aes 000" soot gt80 Sk sont wert oust ‘oo't cot toeot OT wrt soy aot for eat $9 SOFT my rot @or | eeeeT aT siz wr soot sit sist SST wi sy e101 sot eT eT weiss Hot et wut TT wre ws stot rot ust eer uct evs BT uot vot met ty wel users sot sar oct OF vr uer srg oot Wor swer Sh urt oct asso zo or a oer rue wot ao (3660 ust ye soot sor oar a sot ior eez swt seo eo wor cle, oor 10866 sot 01 lez oe owt Bot 6 01 ut Wee yl me sant sor wists sat oer : got 101 916z ust seh L ot lor USE ost e9 ° ot sor) ez wer Miser 5 sso sor) gomez ast Gust + iso sw sz ot tee © orl mri eT et ee t so" oer gore oF st 01 1 ont set ors es zu - ° Trauma) Rraane) — oneu uk tama Wau) CW ARNO) ONL HERI api, sO septa aH OT sone your's yg ‘nod waumng sm yung sm anod aooua seni, sua 90a Srey aan, om OS sieway am siesaay UE ener saan Eo roses Bud z e1TeL 6961-18 269 ONVONELS TWHOLIUN NVOREBAYAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD C37.51-1960 6.2 Procedure for Determining Power Factor ‘This method involves controlled closing and determines the power factor of the test circuit under essentially symmetrical closing conditions. Construct suitable straight, parallel wave envelope lines and a Kine midway between them to determine the “zero point” of the “true” axis ofthe current wave at the end of the first major half eyele. By relating this point to the open circuit voltage wave “zer0 point,” the power factor can be determined from the difference in electrical degrees between the “zero point” of the current at the end of the first major half cycle and the ‘corresponding “zero point” position of the circuit voltage wave. For three-phase circuits, each phase current must be related to its own phase-to-neutral voltage. Greater accuracy will result if each power factor is determined when the ‘circuit is closed so thatthe phase under consideration has symmetrical characteristics, The average of the phase power {factors is considered as the circuit power factor. Ifthe vollage wave is subject to measurable phase shift upon closure. of the test circuit (as shown in Fig. 4), itis necessary to determine and use the voltage zero (0) point which would have existed (indicated dash Ine) ifthe phase sift in the voltage wave had not occurred sna] \__! be caeoeer cuMRENT wave canna VOLTAGE vourace wave cos = rover racton Figure 4—Phase Relationship Method 7 References [1] NEMA Standard for Molded Case Circuit Breakers, Publication AB 1~1969. [2] TEC Specification for Alernating-Currens Circuit Breakers, IEC Publication 56-1-1971. [3] Underwriters’ Lehoratories, Ine. High-Interrupting-Capacity Fuses; Current-Limiting Types, UL198.2-1970. [4] Harder. J.B. A method of power factor measurement for circuit interrupter testing, IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol PAS-81, no 10, Oct 1968, TP21 PWR. {5] Farquhar, W. A; Schill, G..; Plate, G. H. Comparison of Power Factor Measurement Methods. Presented at EEE ‘Winter Power Meeting, New York, N.Y., Jan 29, 1968, 68CP168-PWR. [6] Brandt, T: F., i. Text Procedure for Determining Short-Circuit Power Facior. Presented at IEEE. Winter Power ‘Meeting New York, N. ¥., Jan 29, 1968, 68CP20-PWR. [7] Withers, JS. Ammeter-Volmeter-Wattmeter Method of Determining Short-Circuit Power Factor ina Short-Circuit Laboratory. Presented al IEEE Winter Power Meeting, New Yotk, N. ¥., Jan 29, 1968, 68CP82-PWR, (Copyright @ 1969 IEEE All Fights Reserved 21