Ejercicio 6

El amplificador de muestreo / retencin es similar al amplificador de

muestra, pero incorpora un condensador que mantiene el voltaje de salida a
un nivel relativamente bajo entre muestras.

Veamos ahora cmo la forma de onda muestreada cambia a medida que se

ajusta el ciclo de trabajo.

Configure la fuente de alimentacin a la tarjeta MODICOM 1 como en

el ejercicio 1
Utilice un cable de 4mm para conectar la seal de mensaje de 1kHz a
la entrada analgica como se muestra en la figura 23

a)

Slide the Sampling Comtrol switch to the right hand sid internal position.
This selects the output from the Sampling Control Logic block to operate the
sampling switches.
Switch on the power supply
Connect the oscilloscope to observe the sampling control(tp29) and
modulated signals (tp23)
Observe the waveforms obtained for each of the Duty Cycle Selector swich
positions(0 to 9).

How does the modulated signal change with an increase in the duty cicle?
Can you suggest why the oscilloscope displays a d.c. level when the Duty
Cycle Selector Switch is in position 0?

Exercise 7

During the last 3 exercises you probably noticed that the general shape of
the message can be seen in the modulated shape of the message can be
seen in the modulated signal,even with a samall duty cycle. This suggestes
that we may be able to reconstruct the message a the receiver. Wer shall
now look at the modulated signal with a variety of sampling rates
Set up the equipment as in Exercise 4
Set the Duty Cycle Selector switch to position 1
With the oscilloscope, observe the message signal(at tp 30) and the
modulated signal( at tp33) for each of the sampling frequencies, 2kHz to
32kHz (remembe) that you can change the sampling frequency by pressing
the Frequency Selector pushbutton, see Exercise 2)
Chapter 3.3 practical investigation of low pass filters
excercise 8
in this excercise we will plot the amplitude/ Frequency response of the
Second-order Low Pass Filter by using the Jupiter 500 function generator as
a signal source.

Switch on the Jupiter 500 function generator and oscilloscope

Use the oscillioscope to observe the 600ohm high output of the
function generator and adjust the function generator to give a 100hz,
2v peak sinewave Figure 33

b)

Set up the power supply to the MODICOM 1 board as in exercise 1

Switch on the power supply
Connect the black lead of the function generator to 0v and the lead to
the input of the Second Order Low Pass Filter of the MODICOM 1 board
as in figure 34

c)

use one oscilloscope probe to examine the input waveform at tp43

Note:
Now that the output of the function generator is connected to a load you
may again have to adjust the amplitude control of the function generador to
obtain the sine wave of Figure 33

Use the other oscilloscope proble to examine the filter output at tp44

Equipment connections for excercise 8

d)
Table 2 for this exercise (shown opposite ) is copied in your workbook.
Observe the input wave at (tp43) and the filter output at tp44 and complete
the entry for that frequency in your workbook table.

Note: the phase of the output wave should be measured relative to the input
signal

Frecuencia Hz Peak output/v Gain Fase en grados

0.1 4.19 1.02 0
0.3 4.09 1.014 ---
0.5 4.07 1.009 9
1 4.03 1 18
2 3.48 0.93 55.38
3 3.16 0.78 34.7
4 2.35 0.58 100.3
5 1.67 0.41 126
6 1.24 0.307 127.05
8 0.76 0.18 138.46
10 0.52 0.12 144

Repeat the previous procedure for the remaining frequencies in your table
Note: the amplitude and symmetry of the filter input wave about the
horizontal axis may vary as the function generator output frequency is
changed. Adjust the amplitude and DC. Offset settings of the Jupiter 500 to
maintain an input waveform that is symmetrical about the horizontal axis
with a peak of 2V

Use the results contained in your table to draw two graphs in your work
book:
Gain(vertical axis) against frequency (horizontal axis )on log/ log graph
paper.
Phase(vertical axis ) against frequency (horizontal axis ) on log/ linear graph
paper, with the phase on the linear scale.
For part i,log/linear paper can be used providing that the gains is first
converterd to decibels and then gain is first converted to decibels and then
plotted on the linear scale of the graph paper.
You should have obtained a frequency response similar to that shown dotted
in figure 36

Draw a horizontal line across the graph at the point where the filter
gain has fallen to 0.707 of its maximum the 3db down point).
 Where this line intersects you response curve drop a perpendicular
fine tothe horizontal axis.what is the frequency shown on the
horizontal axis?
This frequency is the bandwidth of the second order low pass filter on the
MODICOM 1 board.
This response can be approximated by the straight-line graph shown in
figure36.

To frequency is the bandwidth of the second order low pass filter on the
MODICOM 1 board.

To obtain the straight-line approximation graph draw a straight line

along the top, horizontal part of the response curve and extend the
line across the page.

Lay a ruler along the diagonal part of the response and extend the
straight line until it meets the horizontal line of the last instruction.

Where these lines meet is the cut off point(3db point) of the filter.

What is the gradient of this diagonal line in db per decade and db per
octave(a decade is where the frequency is increased by a multiple of
10 an octave is where the frequency is doubled)?

What is the phase of the filter output(relative to the input) for a

3.4kHz sinusoidal input?

Draw a horizontal line across the graph at the point where the filter
gain has fallen to 0.707 of its maximum the 3db down point).
Where this line intersects you response curve drop a perpendicular
fine tothe horizontal axis.what is the frequency shown on the
horizontal axis?
This frequency is the bandwidth of the second order low pass filter on the
MODICOM 1 board.
As with exercise 8 this response can be approximated by a straight-line
graph, similar to that shown in figure 38

To do this, draw a straight line along the top horinzontal part of the
response curve and extend the line across the page.
Lay a ruler along the diagonal part of the response and extend the
straight line until it meets the horizontal line of the last instruction
Where these lines meet is the cut-off point(3db,or corner frequency) of the
filter

What is the gradient of this diagonal line in db pe octave?

What is the phase of the filter output (relative to the input) for a
3,4kHz sinusoidal input?
In less than 100 words, compare the frequency response of the fourth
order filter with thant of the second order filter
In exercicses 10 and 11 we shall see what can happen when a square ware
is sent through a low pass filter
Use the oscilloscope to observe the 600 high output of the function
generator and adjust the function generator to obtain a 3.4 kHz,2v peak
square wave (figure 39)

f)

Switch on the power supply

Connect the black lead of the function generator to 0v and the red
lead to the input of the fourth order low pass filter of the MODICON 1
board, as in figure 37 pass filter of the MODICOM 1 board, as in figure
37.
Use one oscilloscope probe to monitor the input waveform at tp48.

Note:
Now that the output of the function generador is connected to a load you
may again have to adjust the amplitude control of the function generador to
abtain the square wave of figure 39.