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A

Project Report
On
"ANALYSING COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF M20
CONCRETE BY REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH
DIFFERENT PERCENTAGE OF FLY ASH"

Submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of the


BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

By
ANKUL KUMAR -14078085
BRIJKESH -14078086
MUKUL KUMAR -14078090
PUNEET KUAMR -14078092
KUNWAR PAL SINGH -14078089
OMVEER -14078091

Under the Supervision of

Project Guide:- Project Incharge:-


MS. PAYAL MR. IRSHAD ALI
(Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)
Department of Civil Engg. Department of Civil Engg.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING


IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
SESSION 2016-17
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I would like to take this opportunity to express our project guide Ms. Payal , Assistant

Professor, Civil Engineering Department, IFTM University Moradabad, for their

invaluable time and guidance and their persistent encouragement throughout this research

work to complete.

I would like to thank the faculty member and staff of Department of Civil

Engineering at IFTM University Moradabad , who constantly encouraged me in

the pursuit of my work.

I am also highly indebted to all the faculty member , who will each and every

opportunity.

At least but not the least I want to thanks my admirable parents and dear friends for

helping me and giving valuable suggest and more support.


ABSTRACT

In India, currently a large amount of fly ash is generated mainly in thermal power plants
with animperative blow on environment and living organism. The use of fly ash in
concrete can reduce the consumption of natural resources and also diminishes the effect
of pollutant in environment. In recent studies, many researchers found that the use of
additional cementitious materials likes fly ash in concrete is economical and reliable.
This investigation is a part of experimental programme carried out to study the utilization
of non-conventional building material (fly ash) for development of new materials and
technologies. It is aimed at materials which can fulfil the expectations of the construction
industry in different areas. In this study, cement has been replaced by fly ash accordingly
in the range of 0% (without fly ash), 0%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by weight of cement for
M-20 mix with 0.46 water cement ratio. Concrete mixtures were produced, tested and
compared in terms of compressive strength. It was observed that 20% replacement
ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by fly ash strength increased marginally (0% to 25%)
at 7 and 28days respectively. Thisstudy investigated the use of industrial fly ash as partial
replacement of portland cement in the production of concrete. Concrete cubes measuring
150mm 150mm 150mm were made from six different concrete mixes prepared by using
of fly ash replaced by different percentage of ordinary portland cement. The
workabilities of the fresh concrete mixes were evaluated using the slump test and
compacting factor test while compressive strengths of concrete cubes were evaluated at
7, & 28, days. The maximum compressive strength at all ages of testing was obtained at
replacement, corresponding to an increase of 00%, 15%, 20% and 25% compared to the
7-day, 28-day, compressive strengths. Workability decreased with an increase in
replacement percentage. fly can be used to partially replace ordinary portland cement in
the production of concrete without compromising strength. Due to growing
environmental awareness, as well as stricter regulations on managing industrial waste,
the world is increasingly turning to researching properties of industrial wastes and
finding solutions on using their valuable component parts so that those might be used as
secondary raw material for other industrial applications. Fly ash production is a by-
product of paper making in the Paper Mill Industries and Fly ash is by-product of coal
thermal power plants. To date, these by-products are being used in other industrial
branches and in the field of civil constructions, such as in cement manufacturing along
with clinker and in masonry work for civil works. Considering the specificity of physical
and chemical properties of fly ash and a series of possibilities for their use in concrete,
this research work demonstrates the possibilities of using fly ash an partial replacements
of cement in concrete. This research work presents an investigation of compressive
strength of concrete by adding Fly ash as partial replacement of cement in various
percentages. In this work cement has been replaced by four proportions of Fly ash. The
four proportions are (0% +15% + 20%+25% Fly ash). It has been observed from the 7 &
28 days tests of compressive strength. compressive strength decreases as the percentage
of Fly ash increases in the mix when compared with controlled concrete. In abrasion
resistance test there is no abrasion observed in the concrete mixes made with partial
replacement of cement with Fly ash . The compressive strength, split tensile strength and
abrasion resistance analysis carried out in this work gives a deeper insight into the
cementitious properties and pozzolanic behavior of such by products when used for
construction purposes.
CONTENTS
Page No.
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Tables
List of Figures
CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION 1-7
1.1 General 1
1.2 Fly Ash 2
1.3 History of Fly Ash 4
1.4 Advantage of Fly Ash 5
1.5 Disadvantage of fly ash 6
1.6 Objectives of the report 7
CHAPTER-2 LITERATURE REVIEW 8-16
2.1 General 8
2.2 Literature Review 8
2.3 Properties of concrete with fly ash 9
CHAPTER-3 MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY 17-39
3.1 General 16
3.2 Material 17
3.2.1 Cement 17
3.2.2 Aggregate 17
3.2.3 Water 19
3.2.4 Fly Ash 21
3.3 ASTM Broadly Classifies fly ash into two 23
classes
3.4 Physical Properties 23
3.5 Chemical Properties 24
3.6 Utilization of fly ash in construction history 24
3.7 Ready mixed with fly ash 24
3.8 Objective research work 25
3.9 Experimental study on the material 25
3.9.1 Cement 25
3.10 Method 29
3.11 Observation 29
3.12 Workability of concrete 30
3.13 Factor affecting workability 31
3.14 Measurement of workability 33
3.15 Compressive Strength 36
3.16 Method 36
CHAPTER-4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 40-43
4.1 General 40
4.2 Compressive Strength 40
4.3 Comparison the load after 7 days 40
CHAPTER-5 CONCLUSION 44
5.1 General 44
5.2 Compressive Strength 44
REFERENCES 45
LIST OF TABLES
Tab. No. Title Page No.
3.3 Consistency 23
3.4 Observation table needle penetration 24
4.1 Percentage of fly ash replacement of cement 27
4.2 Compressive load after 7 days 29
4.3 Compressive load after 28 days 42
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No. Title Page No.
1.1 Flyash 3
3.1 Fine Aggregate 19
3.2 Coarse aggregate 21
3.3 Vicats apparatus 28
3.4 Slump test apparatus 34
3.5 Slump test 1 34
3.6 Slump test 2 35
3.7 Kinds of slump 35
3.8 Cube Mould 37
3.9 With fly ash casting of concrete 38
3.10 Vibrating table 38
3.11 Cube after 7 days curing 39
4.1 Compressive strength test of concrete cube 40

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