TA-4 (Carburetion)

1 With the development of multi-point fuel injection system there is a

death of carburetor. Justify the statement.

2 What is the basic philosophy involved in the design of carburetor

3 Discuss the various parameters that effect the processes of

carburetion.

4 A simple jet carburetor has to supply 5 kg of air per minute. The air
is at a pressure of 1.013 bars and at a temperature of 27oC.
Calculate the throat diameter of the choke for air velocity of 90 m/s.
Take velocity coefficient to be 0.8 Assume isentropic flows. Assume
the flow to be compressible.

5 A simple jet carburetor is required to supply 6 kg of air minute and

0.45 kg of fuel of density 740 kg/m3. The air Is initially at 1.013 bar
and 27o C. calculate the throat diameter of the choke for a blow
velocity of 92 m/s. Velocity coefficient = 0.8

If the pressure drop across the fuel metering orifice is 0.75 of that at
the choke, calculate orifice diameter assuming Cd = 0.60

4 A 10 X 12 cm four cylinder, 4 stroke engine running at 2000

revolutions per minute has a carburetorventuri with a 3 cm throat.
Determine the suction at the throat assuming the volumetric
efficiency of the engine to be 70%. Assume density of air to be 1.2
kg/m2 and coefficient of air flow 0.8

5 A petrol engine consumes 7.5 kg of petrol hour. The specific gravity

of the fuel is 0.75. The air temperature is 25o C. The air fuel ratio is
15. The choke tube has a diameter of 22mm.Calculate the diameter
of the fuel jet of a simple carburetor.Top of jet is 4mm above the
petrol level in the float chamber .Take Cd=0.82 and 0.7 for air and
fuel respectively.Patm=1.01325 bar
6 The 4 stroke petrol engine of Hindustan Ambassador has a capacity
of 1489 c.c it develops maximum power at 4200 rev/min. the
volumetric efficiency at his speed is 70% and the air fuel ratio is
13.1 At peak power the theoretical air speed at choke is 90 m/s. The
coefficient of discharge for the venturi is 0.85 and that of the main
petrol jet is 0.66. An allowance should be made for the emlusion
tube, the diameter of which can be taken as 1/2.5 of the choke
diameter. The petrol surface is 6 mm below the choke at this engine
condition. Calculate the sizes of a suitable choke and main jet. The
specific gravity of petrol is 0.74 Atmospheric pressure and
temperature are 1.013 bar and 20o C respectively.

7 An experimental four stroke petrol engine of 1710 cm3 capacity is to

develop maximum power at 5400 revolutions per minute. The
volumetric efficiency at this speed is assumed to be 70 per cent and
the air fuel ratio is 13:1. Two carburetor are to be fitted and it is
expected that at peak power the air speed at the choke will be 107
m/s. The coefficient of discharge for the venturi is assumed to be
0.85 and that of the main petrol jet 0.66. An allowance should be
made for the emulsion tube,the diameter of which can be taken as
.5 of choke diameter. The petrol surface is 6 mm below the choke
at this engine condition. Calculate the sizes of a suitable choke and
main jet. The specific gravity of petrol is 0.75. atmosphere pressure
and temperature are 1.013 bar and 27o C, respectively.

8 Determine the air fuel ratio supplied at 5000 m altitude by a

carburetor which is adjusted to give an air fuel ratio of 14:1 at sea
level where air temperature is 27 C and pressure 1.013 bar. The
temperature of air decreases with altitude as given by the
expression

t = ts 0.0065.h

whereh is height in meters and ts is sea level temperature in oC.

The air pressure decrease with altitude as per relation

 h = 19200log10

where P is in bar .

9 The venturi of a simple carburetor has a throat diameter of 20 mm

and the coefficient of air flow is 0.85. the fuel orfice has a diameter
of 1.25 mm and the coefficient of fuel flow is 0.66. the petrol surface
is 5 mm below the throat. Find

(a) The air fuel ratio for a pressure drop of 0.07 bar when the
nozzle lip is neglected.

(b) The air fuel ratio when the nozzle lip is taken into account :

(c) The minimum velocity of air or critical air velocity required to

start the fuel flow when nozzle lip is provided.

The density of air and fuel as 1.2 and 750kg/m3 respectively.

10 A carburetor in which the float chamber is vented to atmosphere is

tested in the factory without an air cleaner. The main metering
system of the carburetor is found to give an air fuel ratio of 14 at
the sea level conditions. The pressure drop at the venturi throat is
0.834 bar. The atmospheric pressure is 1.013 bar.

The carburetor is tested again when an air cleaner is fitted

at the inlet to the carburetor. The pressure drop to air cleaner is
found to be 30 mm of mercury when the air flow at sea level
condition is 250 kg per hour. Assuming zero nozzle lip and constant
coefficient of flow, calculate (a) the throat pressure when the air
cleaner is fitted, and (b) air - fuel ratio with air cleaner fitted.

11 A petrol engine has a carburetor of 32 mm venturi size. The jet

diameter is 2 mm. the pressure difference at throat is 50 mm of Hg.
The atmospheric pressure is 1 bar and temperature 27o C. The
coefficient of discharge for venturi is 0.85 and for fuel jet 0.66. the
density of petrol is 740 kg/m3, nozzle lip is zero. Relative density of
 Hg 13.6 find.

(a) The fuel velocity, fuel, flow, air velocity and air flow, F/A,
neglecting compressibility.

(b) Repeat the question taking compressibility into account.

12 Determine the air fuel ratio at 4570 m altitude in a carburetor

adjusted at sea level for a 15.2 :1 ratio. Air temperature 20 C and
pressure 1.013 bar at sea level.

The temperature of the air decreases with altitude given by the

expression

t = ts 0.0065 h, where h = height in m

ts = sea level temperature in oC

The air pressure decreases with altitude as per relation

H = 19220log10 where p = is in bar

State any assumptions made.

13 The following data relates to a simple curburretor

Diameter of venturi 20.0mm

Diameter of fuel jet 1.25 mm
Nozzle lip 4.00 mm
Density of fuel 750 kg/m3
Coeff. Of discharge of venturi 0.86

Pressure drop at venturi 0.07 bar

Coeff. Of discharge of fuel jet 0.66

Ambient pressure 1 bar

Ambient temperature 27 C
 Calculate : (I) Air fuel ratio and

(II) Minimum velocity of air required for fuel flow.

14 The following data relates to a SI engine :

Fuel consumed 7.5 kg/hr

Specific gravity of fuel 0.75

Air temperature 25C

Air fuel ratio 15:1

Chock tube diameter 20 mm

Top of the jet is 4 mm above the petrol level in the float chamber. The coefficients of
discharge are 0.82 and 0.7 for air and petrol respectively. The barometric pressure is
1.013 bar. Calculate the diameter of fuel jet.