Safety Critical Elements

Safety Critical Elements or safety functions are elements that has to

function during an emergency situation to ensure safety of
personnel and integrity of assets.

The type and number of safety critical elements may differ from
company to company an even from installation to installation. For
instance the required safety critical elements for a manned
installation may be very different from those of an unmanned
installation. Furthermore there is differences in what is considered
safety critical throughout the industry and local legislation may also
influence this.

1. Here is listed some important examples of what is typically

considered safety critical elements Slow walkthrough of
function.
2. F&G detection redundancy, have often played there role when
they are compromised. Backed up by MAC. 70% of all leaks
are detected by people. This of course includes many small
leaks that cannot be detected by gas detector.
3. PA redundancy and backed up by handheld communication
equipment.
4. Emergency power placed in safe location or protected by
enclosure. UPS back up.
5. Emergency light redundancy, emergency power, UPS,
redundant fixtures.
6. EER Impairment of escape route two routes. See 10
meters in smoke or if clearly marked 3 meters (Risk analysis).
Escape routes should be familiar and part of every day walk
ways, drills etc. Still with smoke present and the stress in the
situation it can be very difficult for personnel to find their way.
7. TR muster area impairment criteria relate back to API
and human vulnerability.

8. TR-HVAC: Prevent smoke in accommodation Piper Alpha.

Cooling of essential electrical equipment equipment failure
rates.

9. Embakation stations impairment relate back to human

vulnerability and API.

10. ESDV: DAL for actuators, PFP for riser ESDV and high
pressure ESDV. Failure of a single ESDV as long it is not riser
ESDVs are not too critical as the increased inventory will just
be blowdown by two BDVs- MAKE DRAWING. PFD = 0.01 to
0.02.
11. Failure of BDV is more critical than for an ESDV because
we get a pressurised inventory. FLARE SYSTEM MOQ
WRONG ROUTING.

12. PSV is not a SCE but process protection Fire PSV

BLEVE movie tomorrow topic LP inventory problematic
(lower than 6.9 barg). PSV is not primary protection against
fire on pressurised inventory challenge this on HAZOPS etc.

13. AFP: Fire water piping routing shall protect against

misiles. The reliability of fire water systems can be very low
due to blocked nozzles by corrosion, salt or marine growth.
50-70% of the nozzles in certain areas have been observed to
be blocked. In design calculation it therefore often not allowed
to take credit for fire water.

14. Fire walls correct rating DEA HC or JF.

15. Blast walls 0.3 barg Probabilistic design with

exceedance curves risk based design forces design
engineer to think. EPIC contractor may otherwise do a lot of
stuff to save money that increases blast pressure above
design of blast wall.

16. PFP rated for jet fire applications slide.

17. Bund and drains more like good house keeping

design for fire water reduce duration of pool fire.

18. Navigational aids really not PS but more related to ship

collision.

19. MOG lists go through them too much detail ?? test,

maintenanace, reliability, and survivability criteria. Do you
think this list could be useful for MOQ ? Availability and
survivability in dealt with in Handbook - section H2.11.

20. Full loop testing including utilities and support systems.

Full loop test requires S/D. Trip on gas detection is good
example of unplanned full loop test. Staggered testing. FW
chemical injection to prevent marine growth at FW pumps.