Hồi Tưởng Về Cha Tôi Hồ Học Lãm - Hồ Mộ La

5/18/2017 HitngvchatiChsHHcLm[I]
HitngvchatiChsHHcLm[I]
HMLA
Thsu,26Thng6201510:23
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ChsHHcLm[nhchpnm1923tiNhtBn]
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/kyniemvechatoichisihohoclam 1/8
ChsHHcLm[nhchpnm1923tiNhtBn]
LIMU
Tnhiuchcnmnay,tirtmunttayvitmtcigvchamnhChsHHcLmnginhngnmuthkXXcngmtsngitrtui
smtheotinggingducacPhanBiChuxutdngtmngcunc.Nayqutui"claihy",(tisinhnm1930),viimtmla,c
nguyncatimithnhhinthc.
Cunschnhnylnhnghitngcativngichaknhyuquc,nhnghitngkhnghonchnhvcphnlnxn.tuingoibymi,
ticgngkhnggiudimnhngcmxcvnhngsuynghthtcamnh.Bitcaichngthngcmvikraitmngcuncnhngnm
uthkXX,thikTquctalmthan,thikqucthcdnanghonhhnhtrnnhngminthoangslchuChunhTrungQuc,Vit
Nam...Krai,vsutbamibynmtriqungitkhch,ngsnggianhngngixal"ngsngdmng"chmuntunghonhmlcbt
tngtm.Cuicngchatiphibnmxngqungi,phingmngiaukhvmnhchalmcgnhiuchocngcuccunc,cunivkhng
cgplingimmngvcngyuthngvknhtrng.Bnilngnucsoing,ltmgngsngchochatinoitheovcgnglm
nhngviccchchoi,chonhndnvcchmnghaincVitNamTrungQuc.
Chatikhngphilngvincngsn,nhngngsngnhmtngichnchnh,theotiuchcachnghayunc.Sutcucingchinu,
dnghinttccholtngcaoqumnglachn.
Tirtthovcmphcchamnh.
Nhngdngcuica"Hitng"nytiphivitbngbtdngitovistrgipcaknhphngi.Saugnbanm,khitmmituim,timihon
thnhnguyn.Mtshitngtvuisng,nhiuaun,vtquscchungcati.Tibitngytirairtgn,ngytistmthycha,s
gpchvmthgiibnkia,thgiicaTmlinhSiuvtcht"...Scbtdkhng,khngbtdsc...".
Ttc,tixindngtnghnghnchatiChsHHcLm.
Ticngxinchnthnhcmnccbnb,ngithnhtr,giptihonthnhcunhitngny.
NguynTiuKSu
HMLA
CHNGI
SINHLYTBIT
Vitvchatithtlkh,bivrtnhiuskinvingxyrakhiticharai,ticngchabaogicnghengtrctipkli.Hnna,khichati
cnsng,ticnqunh,chathcghinhviclmtuynhnhnghtsckhngngincangichangknhtrngcamnh.
Naytighilinhngiutainghemtthykhitibtuctrnhcaatr,nhngiudomnhiulnkli.Cnhngsvicdochtikvcha.Khiti
btulnkhnhnthchatimt,ticngmunhiurchamnh,cbitkhitithccvtrcangtronglngmtsngicngsnVitNam
"trngngha",nhtlnhngnm1946,1947.Tithcssngstkhinghemtsngini:"NucHHcLmkhngmtnayslChtchnc...".Khi
timihiumtphnnhgitrvchamnhtrongcngcuccuncchung.
cgngmbochnhxcvcucichamnh,gnytitmclchsngCngsnTrungQucvLchsQucdnngTrungQuc,hik
caccnhcchmngtinbi,caThiutngLThitHngTicgngchpniccviclmvcucicachatitheotrnhtthigian.
Miviclmcachatixutphttlngyuncthcs,ngkhngmymaynhcvconghinhviclmvsnghipcunccamnh,khnghli
nhngbttchhaygiytquantrnglmbngchnglchsvscnghincamnh,khnghninhaich"cnglao"saunyvconyuschi
ngvicchmng.ngchnimtcunginviv:"Mnhraivnc,chbaogicttngcngthn...".
**
Khiclikugixutdng"ngdu"cunccacPhanBiChu,bniti,TrnThTrm,tcgilbLa,hngngngay.chthnbacontrai
thrtiyuqucngmtsthanhninkhc(blmvicnhiut)nbingiiVitTrungvtbinsangTrungQucchdpiNht.
Trckhiacontraii,bnitiixembi.Thybiphnrng:"Chuynibunxacacontraiberngcikhngv...Haimconbckhikhnggp
mtnhauna...".Bnititrntrnhiumkhngng.Nhngcuicngbtclinivichati:"Liphncathybilngnhngtinlmchi...mcontrai
qunbnvymbitkhimnnngi!...Thi,iicon,mssngkhemnhicontrv,mongrngkhiconcmqunuiPhpkhincmnh,
mtinconlmc,conlaconcanmcchcam".
lmtmmaphngibcnm1906,trilnhlo,lngngittitrccucchiataysinhlytbit.Haimconnmchttaynhaukhngninnli,tuy
khngkhcrating,nhnguncmtma.Cuicngchicthuynnhcghvobngicgi,chaticnghaingibnxungthuyn,quaylinhn
lnbnthybngngimngsovainchic,chatimunalnkhcvthngmnhiuni,nhngnghnngnitibgicgit,bnicantrng
lnliyhotngcunc,nghnnmychtirixctrnngqucltBcvoNam...chaticnrngnntingthnthc...Saunyclc
chatikvimti:"Kholiphncangthybilng,naymnhspngtun,chathylolntiahyvngnovsnghipcunc.Bnthn
mnhschn,timn,chnglmnntrtrngg...lmkhilngnngnhlathiu...".
ConthuynnhcchbathanhninVitNamisutm,nchiuhmsau,khispcpvomtcakhuQungng,thctinbolnhtunanglc
sotccthuynnhc,bangiphimbcqunonhyvixungnc,npdiuithuyn.Maylkhitritimt,chkhibnlnhtunikhi,c
bamilnglbivob...GiamangTrungHoabnggi,dongmludinc,chatinhimlnhnsngphi.Qungng,ngphilmbc
vckimcmtngba,nigndnhtinmuathuc.Dnd,chatibhenphqun,saucngbinchngthnhbnhtimto...
Trongthigianchi,chativhaingibnlmphubcvcvhctingTrungQuc.KhicPhanBiChulokinhphvslngthanhninngdu,
cchthndnonsangNht.nTkyo,nhsgipcahongthnNguynCng,onluhcsinhcspxpvohctrngvbChn
V[1].
Maxunnm1907,thigianuluhcsinhVitNamhctingNhtcptctrongbathng,sauvahcting,vahclthuytcbn,thaotcqun
s,cchsdngsngtrng,snglcv.v...NichungluhcsinhVitNamhnghihctp,nhngmtstdokhngchungnicucsngkhamkhca
ngilnh,bvnc.Hcqunsvacmtnm,dosxcxim,gyscpcaqucPhp,chnhphNhtralnhtrcxuttonbluhcsinh
qunsrakhincNht(trmtsthcchuynngtitrngThanhHoaTkyonhTrnThcCanh,saunylytnlTrnTrngKhc,ccPhan
gisangchcvy)...Cuc"ngdu"cacPhanBiChucoinhthtbi.
Khongmaxun1908,TngGiiThchcngvohctrngChnVvcngchhngphn,phnphong,quenthnmtsluhcsinhVitNam,
trongcbitchithnvichati.TrongmtbanTamSnL,chatikchuyn:"TngGiiThchkhing,tunt,thngminh...Cln,anhtanh
mnhvitlunvntrbithi.Khnghiuhnbnchigihaybnhotngchnhtr,thngxuynvngmtlp...ThcraanhtalthntncaTrnKM,
mttrongnhnglnhtcangminhHicaTnTrungSn...Mnhhccgiigianggu,chngquadnxNghquenhcgo,chonnktquhctp
trihnmtt....".MtngicchmngVitNamsngtrongnhtilchi:"ThccvitlunvnhchoTngkhng?","C,lunvnqunsmang
tnhchinthutkhngcgkh.Mtkhcmnhngh,ihcncngoiquenthnnhiubnbncngoicngttchsao?Hnna,anhtacttngtin
b,chngphongkin,quc,cckingiicaanhtakhikhtinb,saunyanhtamilrbnchtphnng".
Nm1908,trctnhhnhchnhphNhttrcxutluhcsinhVitNam,cnhiuthanhninnhndpxintrvnc,bivcucsngluhcnc
ngoiquthiuthn,giankh.MtshcsinhxNghTnhvxBcvnquencucsngkhamkh,cngquyttheocPhansangTrungQuc.Nh
sgiithiucaTngGiiThch,cbitnhsgipcanhmnhnstinbngulKhangHuVi,cPhanctrngqunscaMnThanh
"Thngquclcquntcthnhhcng",tinthncatrngsquanlcqunBonh,nhnotoqunschomtsthanhninVitNam,trongc
chati.
Chatihctiykhongbanm,chithnviccbnnghcnhBchSngHy,LTThmvnhiungikhcna,hlnhngthanhninyunc
TrungQuc.Theomtik,nhiubnnghcTrungQucrtquchativtnhkhoanha,khimtn,hiuhc,inhnxthtrungthc,nhnhu.Sau
ny,BchSngHy,LTThmultnglnhcaocpcaquniQucdnngTrungQuc.Mtskhclit,thiutngcnglmvictrongb
TngthammutiNamKinhcngchati,nghalgiachativimtsbnhcvalngmn,ngng,vngliuna.
Xunhnm1911,trongthigiananghctrngsquanlcqunBonh[2],chatitipcnvchithnvimtsbnnghccttngchng
quc, chng phong kin v chuyn tay nhau c"Tam dn ch ngha"ca Tn Trung Sn. Qua cu chuyn m ti k, cha ti chi kh thn vi Tng Gii
Thch,thnhthonggiahcthtnvinhau.
30thng10nm1911cuckhingha
VXngthngli,TrungQuccoilmclchscacchmngTnHi.Vdanhngha,cchmngTnHithnhcng,Nhngthcchtlthtbi,sau
lcti10nmnichinchngbnqunphitBcDngtaysaicabnqucNht,Anh,Php.SaukhikhinghaVXngthnhcng,Tnglp
tctNhttrvnchotngtnhTritGiang.TngcgithrchativthamgiahotnggiiphngtnhTritGiang.Trckhittnghipqun
s,chativitthhikincPhan(hnhnhthigiancPhanQungng).NidungthtrlicacPhanikhil:CchmngcangTnTrung
Snkhngthnhcngthcngcuccunccamnhskhkhn.Tronglcchthicvrnluynquathctin,ckhuynchaticthamgia"TrungHoa
cchmngqun"caTnTrungSn.DochativTritGiangviTng,vlmsquantrongBtlnhqunoncaTngThngHi.Thik
TnglmqunontrngchoTrnKMmttrongnhngngilnhongMinhhidoTnTrungSnsnglp.
SaukhigiiphngHngChuvThngHi,Tngvchatitiptccmqunchinu.TrongmttrnnhbnqunphitMnThanh,Tngbvyhm
nguykhn,songchatikpthiemqunngiivy,doTngcngtraqumnchatihn.
Chatikvimti:Cucsngchinucckgiankh,vnghaquncchmngTrungHoathichacxecgii,milndichuynaimchinu
uhnhqunb.Ngyimngh,idimatogiln,tinungy,nhiukhiphingtrnbithamahaytrongmiuquantingicht[3].n
ungthiuthn,omcphongphanh,lnhtrngthngxuynong.Chatihaylncnhensuynvonhngngymalnh.
Tngbitchatilmtchhuygngmu,chinudngcm,khngnhgiankh,linhrngngvnhcgii,cnnglcnghincullunquns,
vvykhinghetinchatihaylncnhensuyn,TngliniuchativlmthammutiBTlnhcqunphHngChu.lkhongcuinm
1916,cHngChulLVnhTng.
Tnm1913,chatimtlinlcvicPhanBiChu.Vnbitvthy,vlnhtcamnhvsnghipcunc,btchpmigiankh,nguyhimbnchi
y,khngchungiynmtch.Songbaonmtrigiahaingivngimilinhthngxuynvinhau,naybngbttin.SaukhivHngChun
nhcngvic,chatirasctmkim,cuicngcbitctnhQungngLongTQuangcmtcPhankhonghainmchath.nglinngp
LVnhTngtrnhbymistnh,nghngtavitthtaychaticmigpLongTQuang.cHngChuvnbitchatilngiVitNamyu
nc,lbnhccaTngGiiThch.Hnnangtalngitrngnghakhnhnlingay,vchochatinghphpiQungChu.
n,chatiathchoLongvnghthcPhanra.GiaLvLongvnlchquenbit,cuicngLongchuthcPhan.
Bgiamcmhnhainm,cPhanhunhkhngnmctnhhnhthicuc.Vacth,ciiNamNinhQungTyngaybtlinlcvitrong
nc.SaukhiphntchtnhhnhnichingiaquncchmngviqunphitBcDng,tnhhnhchnhtrnhiuphecnhTrungQucvtnhhnhth
gii,vicilidgpnhngsbttrc,chatikhuyncPhanhyvHngChunghdngscmtvithng,vcmirat,ristmchi.Khi,c
michutheochativHngChu.
MtirtqutrngcPhan,thngkrngcPhancphongomo,nhngcngrthmhnhvrttinhnghch.Tmclunscsivsnghipcu
nc.Vnchngcnngnhit,hosng.Hleramttiahyvngno,cqunctuitc,sckhevbtchphimnguyvivngingay.Conngi
cchnthnhvctin,ilchinngni.ChatilmvictrongbmynhnccaTrungHoaQucDnng,litngiqunggiao,nnnmc
nhiuthngtinvtnhhnhchnhtr.VscPhanbsaby,nngiahaithytrcgiaokovinhau:HcPhanmuniu,nhtthitphitraoivicha
ti,nucth,chatisicngbovc,hoccimtmnh,nhngnucvicgxyra,chaticnbitngmtm.HngChucc
NguynThngHincnglngixutdngtmngcunc.Saunythythicucphctp,snghipcunccnmmt,cchnnnbitu.
NgoiracncPhanBNgc,contraicPhannhPhng,cngthucthhngdu,sauvkhngchunicucsnggiankh,cuicnglmmtthmcho
Php.ngtakhnghnHngChu,khngrnghnghip,thnhthonggibing"Binhstpch",hayiQungChuvThngHivvnilivi
gianhti.
VHngChu,chatigiithiucPhanviTnggimcnhin"Binhstpch"ngLmLngSinh.ngLmvncthincmvicchmngVitNam,
vahayangcnthmmtbintpvin,chonnngnhnngaycPhanvolmvic.Nhvy,trongbanbintpngoihaingiTrungQucchaingi
VitNam,lTrnTrngKhcvcPhan.nidungtpchphongph,Banbintpnhnccbilunvnqunshocchnhtrcachatina.Nhvy
mythytrcPhanvTrnTrngKhc,HHcLm,v.v...thngxuyngpmtnhaukhiivncnhTyHHngChu,lcinlinhoannhhngvi
nhau,bnlunthicucv.v...CucsngcPhannaytmn.
MthmcPhannichuynvichati:"Nmnayanhcngbmba,bmttuiriynh.Snghipcuncxemracnludi,anhcngnntnhchuyn
lyvich".Chatikhci,tha:"Bitlyaibygi.nhvythi".CPhanchobitccongicNgQung,nguynphlnhbinhcacPhannh
Phng,tnlNgKhnDuy.VnlhcsinhcngcacngThcHabnXim,KhnDuyhintheohc"TrngcHoantcaongtiuhc"Khc
Giang,Qungng,mahnmysttnghip.Cuihnm1918,chamtithnhhnth.Theogiygith,cPhanngchhn.Nmchatiba
mittui,cnmtihaimilmtui.Thng3nm1920mtisinhcongiulnglHDicLanthnhphHngChu.Saumtisinhnbn,
nmbntraic,gic.Vkhungxngchumtinh,trnhyhcthicnkm,chonnccanhchkhccati,ngichtngaytrnbn,ngi
chsngcmtvithng.Mibnsinhn,vmtikh,phidngthucm.iunylichnthngcvtinhthnlnsckhechomti.Cn
ti,sutnakhngcrai.Vkhicmangti,haingbbnnhausbtiivbungthucthai...Nhngticngcqu,cltrongbng
m,vcsinhracuithng8nm1930.Khimtibamibytui,chatibnmisutui,vgianhvNamKinh.
Theomk,khongnm19211922,haianhHTngMuvLTnAnhnvigianhtiHngChu.vigianhkhongmtnm,ccanhmun
hctingTrungQucvtingAnh,chatichucptinhcph.Chcahaianhlhotngcchmng,chonnkhngchuyntmhctingAnh.Saucc
anhihotngQungChu,ThngHiv.v...KhongttNguyntiu(rmthngging)nmTnDu1921,chtivncnmnga,PhanBNgcch
ngrmingiraphchi.Saubacmti,LTnAnh,PhanBNgccngchamtiiraphxemhihoang,trngbyccloinlngvbn
phohoa.LTnAnhginhbchLanhmti.HngChucTnthtrnglphsmut,bnccloinlngvphohoa.Tihm,ngingnh
nm.GnTnthtrngcmtsnvnnglngil"Cngchngvnngtrng".Saukhismnlng,muaphohoa,mingikorasnvnng
nybnphohoa.Hm,PhanBNgcrthohngmuaccloiphohoatmingixemchovuimt.Phantphohoaxungt,cingi
xungchmla.Bngchaitingsnghalntingphohoa,tingtrconreoh.Btthn,mingithyPhanngsngxoigiavngmu.Mingila
htvchytnlon.LTnAnhmDicLanchytrctin.ChamtikhngrlPhphayphacchmngbnPhanBNgc,chonncngvitheoL
TnAnhvnh.Sngsmhmsau,LTnAnhbikhngmtlitbit.Khichamtimivlailngixbntnphnbi,vvsaomquaL
TnAnhnhtnhginhmDicLan,vanhgiusngdichntcachti.
Ngyhmsau,ccboHngChuatinvngbicamtngikhngrtn:"HchtitnphnqucVitNamPhanBNgc".Vsauchamtimir
LTnAnhbnPhanBNgclthalnhhongthnNguynCng.Saukhihonthnhnhimv,LTnAnhsangNhtngaytrlisngchoCng
.TnAnhphiphcmimitmcdp,vPhanBNgckhnghnHngChu.SauTtmlchnm,PhanBNgcvHngChu,nhL
TnAnhhonthnhnhimvmtcchttp.mhoangy,cPhanBiChukhngcmt.
Mthm,mtikchuyncPhanchoccchnghe,tigiulnibnghechmch:"NgicPhangyg,xngxng.Tinlnghngthngca
cvitinnhunbt,thunhpcaccngkh.Nhngcsnghtsctitkim,cnc.TchvibathngcligitinsangcchoTrnTrngKhcang
hcy...Vnnnngsnghipcunc,cnhiulnngheSCung(LD),PhanBNgcphnhphvvnPhpVithu,ctbsangNht
tmgpSCung.MisauchativitthsangNhtchocNguynCngthmihaycPhanlimclaSCung.Dchativnlunnhcciu,
lmg,thhaithytrhybnbcvinhautrc,cgtu,nhngrivnnngni...Gianm1924,mthm"HngChunhtbo"atin:Chsyunc
VitNamPhmHngThinmbomvocmquynPhpMclanhmtkhchsnSaDin.Vbsnuirorit,anhnhyxungsngHongPht
tit...TinvPhmHngThikhinmingivcngsngst,khmphc,thngticvtho.tlusaucPhannhncthcaNguynHiThnmi
vQungChubnvichotng...CPhanliiingay.mbosantonchocPhan,chatixinnghphpvithng,aciQungChu.
nQungChu,chaticngcPhanigpUngTinhV(mttrongnhngngilnhocaocpcaQucdnngTrungQuc.VsauytrthnhHn
giancaNht)vLiuTrngKhi(mtngvincngsnnmtrongcquanlnhocaQucdnng).QuatrnhbycacPhan,UngvLiutsn
lngnghcchmngVitNamtheonglicaTnTrungSn.cdanhnghahotnghpphp,cPhanthotuynngn,iulvi"Chngha
Dnbn"thnhlpQucdnngVitNam.Dothiukinhphhotng(phaTrungQucthikkhngckhnngtitr)vthiuthanhninhnghi
hotng,rtcuctchchudanhvthc.CPhannhlitheochatiquayvHngChuchthic.PhaTrungQucchcthgipVitNambng
cchchothanhninVitNamvohctrngqunsHongPh(CnhiuthanhnincngsnVitNamhctrngnhLHngPhong,LTnAnh,L
ThitHng,HTngMu,v.v...).
QuayvHngChu,cPhanBiChutiptclmbintpvincho"Binhstpch",vnsngktc"ngbox".
Mtngygianm1925,cPhanli"mttch"HngChu.Chatihtsclolng,vivitthiQungChu,NamNinh,Tkyv.v...tmtungtchc
Phan.Khngaibitcu.MihaithngsauctincbPhpbtThngHi,minginghichucacNguynThngHinlNguynThng
Huynlacvotrng.Cuicngcbavnc.Chatirtbun,vcPhanvalngithy,ngilnht,ngianhc...
Mtik:"KhicTamdnchnghacaTnTrungSn,cPhanrtthchth,munphngtheonglicchmngcaTnKhicnhngquynschni
vchnghacngsn,cPhancngrthohngvthv...".Cccxutdngcunc,banuvnlttng"cuncphvua",docPhan
khuynhongthnNguynCngsangNht,nhngmongnhsgipcaNhtnhuithcdnPhp,sxydngchqunchvikinht
tbnchnghakhunmucaMinhTrthinhong.NhnglnhtrcxuttonbluhcsinhVitNamkhincPhanbngtnh.Nguynvngcacc
csaunylxydngthchcnghadnch,nhngmctiutrcmtlgiiphngdntc.Mtigil"qucgiachngha".

[1]MasutakesiMilitaryCollege
[2]TrcCchmngTnHi(10101911)vngBcKinhvnlaphncaitrcaTriunhMnThanh.Nm1912PhNghimithoiv.Bonhnmgn
BcKinh.
[3]Thitrc,TrungQucngichtnmtrongquantitimiuti3thng10ngymiemichn.Cgianhhngnmvquantinhgiung
bnggsc,snhngmychclnncsn,chonnquantirtkn.
5/18/2017 HitngvchatiChsHHcLm[II]
HitngvchatiChsHHcLm[II]
HMLA
Thhai,29Thng6201521:22
fontsize
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclamii 1/11
ChngII
QucCngphntranh
ChDicLancatisinhnm1920tithnhphHngChu,tnhTritGiang.lmtthnhphthanhbnh,thmngvinhiuthngcnhquanh"TyH",
mangnhngchngtchcalchsTrungHoa.Tisinhnm1930tiNamKinhthcachnhphQucdnngdoTngGiiThchngu.yl
mtthnhphnonhit.Khngxathnhphlnhngdanhlam,nhTrungSnlng(nichnctthihiTnTrungSn),HuynVh,VHoai,TKim
Snv.v...
TrangukctuithcatilkhigianhsngtichungcPhngNgaCng,NamKinh.lkhuchungcbnhdn,mingimttng.Ckhuc
khongmidynhkodi,midyxylmnhiucnh.Micnhgmbnphnglnvviphngnh.gialmtsnhngnilmtinsnh,hu
snh,phasaulnhbplnvcngtrnhph.Giaccdynhlngqualirngkhongbnmt.Khunhkhlpxpvtitm.Gianhtichung
vimtgianhvinchcTrungQuc,migianhbaphng,cisnhbkhng,dngchungnhaunhbpvcngtrnhph.
Phnglnnhtkhong18mtvung,cmtcaravonitinsnh.Phngkmttsch,mtgingi,mtgingn,trcgingnkmtbndi
vimtghbng.Bnvalbnlmvic,valbnnchocnh.Ccchcchmngphngngoi.Phngtrongkhong13,14mtvung,cca
thnghaiphng.Phngtrongkmtgingichomvti,cnhmtgingnvmtbnhccachti,mttovmtchngvalingoqun
mang.Cuiphngcmtcaravohusnhlinstcaphngchati.Mnichabbnhhensuyn,liphilmvickhuya,bthmcchngmtng,
nnngbkhngnmchung.Cmtphngnhvndnhchongi,cdnglmphngngvlmviccachati.Gianhtiquanhvihng
xmhathunvtincy,khngmygikvinhau.
Hngngymtiich,lmcmncchocnh.CcchLQucVng(saumangtnLThitHng)vBiHiThiuthnhthongxungbpthudn,b
cigipmti.
Cdnkhuchungcnylchyulnhngvinchchoccngnhn.Banngyngilnilm,nnkhyntnh,dtrconttpna.Ccbnitr
cmnc,gitgi.Buitithnghuynnohn.
Gianhticnc"conX",mtconchlngmunuvng,kh"bnhtrai",viimtrttinhkhn,tnhcm.HngngychQucVngvchHiThiu
chmchtmingnchoX.Ncxemlmtthnhvinngkcagianh.
**
iviti,tngysinhrailmtchuinhngngythngtriikhnglimymaydungvstnticamnhtrongkc...Nhngtingcivang,
tinghlartuidinnghngoisn,khithmyciuchmvonhauchitct,mhinhnhivtingnithmth.
Nhnghnhnhmmoo,lcnlchintrongtrnhvtuithnhmtcunphim....Cunphimyquaychoticnhmtbuichiuchngvngti,
mgivncm.Titsaunhchyquabpnhmitnlaovtvohusnh,ritngtdngchn,rnrniquacnphngngcachati.Caphng
chanamnakhp,tilicmtngvo,thyngngitrcbndinhn,tayphicmbtlng,taytricmiuthucl,ngangcmcivitg
,thnhthonghnghnghonh.Tichnhnthycilnghihigvicigyhicuaimnhiutcbc.Bngmttnhcmxtxatrodng:"Saothy
lmvicnhiuthnh,chngthythynghngigc,thykhngthymthaysao?Mnhchynhiucnthymt...".
T,trnhtrthtridy,lnltinnhngkcvociungythvtibtucnphngnhcachasaumilntbpchyqualnnh
trn.lcnphngnhhnhchnht,rngkhongsubymtvung.Mtgingnkdcgnstcaravo,phaugingtmtcymco,
cuiphngkmtbnlmvicchngyschbo,mtnghinmcvimtcingngccloibtlng(cvitchtovchnh)vmtcigh.Khing
ilm,phngkhph,trongphngtiom,qunodithngphctreotrncymco.Buichiuilmvkhong6gi,ngtrtbbqunphctreoln
cymcovthayqunothngphc,ngitrcbnlmvic.Sngsng,ngthaybqunphcilm,khngkpnsngnh.Mimtgiritra
ngv,nvivibtcmrivophngnghKhongmtgichiulii,nmangkhixmxmtimivnh.Buiti,chatincmththvtr
chuynvuivvimingi.Nichungngtni,ingkhoanthai,chmri,ninngimm,ttnvhanh.Thnhnhngy,nhnghithhn
hn,dngvmtmi,ginua.Nhncha,tikhngkhicmthytic:Saothytrnggihnmnhiuthnh?cgngtrnhmthhaybaonhiu.Thc
rachatichhnmticchntuithi.iuchngtnglmviclaolcquvsckheyu.Saubacmti,khong8ginglivophngringlm
victikhuy.Trongnhchaingilmviccncnht,lchatilmvicnuisngcnhvchtiihcngyhaibui,tilihctnkhuyamii
ng.Ngingsmnhtvdymunnhtchctithimtatrchbitnasutngycngbnbngoisn,ngoing.
Hnh nh cha ngi mit mi lm vic li mt n tng su sc trong tr nh tui th ca ti, khi cn mt lnh v ti vn cn mc o gil kp, l
khongmaxunnm1933.Thmtri,tibngthccstnticamnhvminhngngixungquanh.Mlngitignginht,
nhng cng vi n tng bnh thng nht, c l v qu gn gi chng? M ti thp, ngi nh nhn, i ng nhanh nhn, tnh tnh hot bt, hay ngm th
ngvKiu,haykchuynngChu,TamQucv.v...Nichung,blngihaychuyn,nhngtnhnngny,haygtgng.Brtthngyuti,nhng
cnghaymngmvnutrib,sbnngaytckhc.Tuyvytivnnhn.
Chatichngmngmhayniginvitibaogi,nhngcngtthnmt,trchuynviti(ninghn,ngilnchngairihitrchuynviatr
lnba).Nhngtrongtritimbthcaticmtcigrtthingling,rtnschati.Tuyvy,thnhthongnghntrnti,nhntivicpmthint.V
tnhchaconmchinylcmtikhngthgiithchni,vtnhcmsusc,thinglingclndn.
Chtingyihchaibui(lchdyvhcTrungQuc).Tin,chcngkhngnghngi.Sngdy,tithychavchtiitkhinori.Ch
cngkhngcthigitrchuynhaychiviti,nhngsidytnhcmgiahaichemngycngxitchtmtcchvhnh,phichnglthintnh?
Mtbuichiuh,cngchngchngvngti,ticnglbnangnghchtngoisn,bngnghethymttingkuttrongnhvngra:"Ccbi,n
xemka,cnhdniri,brithngABoangstnmdit...".Tivlbnngphtdy,tranhnhauchyovonhngVng(lnggingcagia
nhti).TihtscngcnhinvthygianhngVngdnitkhino,haicnphnglntrngkhng,mtatrsubytuibchiunmtrtrn
snximng.Mtivmybangstrnnvku:"Stcaoqu".Mtbnioangoang:"Thngbnsv,mdghhnhhthngbni,mcrt,
bygidnnchmi,nhntmbrithngbthmquangi.Hin,nbochacminggvobng...".Ccbkmangthuccm,ngibng
btcho(ngiTrungQuccthiquennchohngngy)vsa,nngidyungthucvpnungsa,ncho...
ABolconringcangVng,mchtsmphisngvidgh.HngngytivnthyABobngkhnnicm,nicanhtnhbplnnhhoc
xchxnclaunhca.Nhntivibatui,ngigynhom,utrclathamysitcvnghoe,damtxanhxaovngvt.Mtibovnungthiu
dinhdng,chonnkhngmctcc.aemcngchakhcmcaABobomphngho,ABotromtbnhngmikhibem.Cchngytui
philmmivicnh,mvnbdghnhp,chibil"libing,nhi...".ByginghlicnhsnghngngycaABo,timithynti
nghiplmsao,chngythngtichnghgnn.Snghmsau,vabnhmttnhdy,tivittchnxunggingchysangnhngVng
thmABo,nhngtrnsntrngkhngchngthynu.Tivichyvnhhim,bbo:"Migimqua,bnvnniri!".Tithphomt
ci,nhngvnkhngkhibnkhonmtvihm,lnibnkhonutintrongitrthcati.
Mthm,mmcolendivimcnthnchoti,cnhkonhauraph,chQucVnggicconXicng.nmttimnhln,cnhrnhau
vochpnh.Chamngiphatrc,tinggia.Mgichtlytayticnhstitutkhitay.Chtitrnimtticingsaucham,chL
QucVngngbntayphich,chBiHiThiungbntaytrich.ConXngoanngonngidisnchmchnhnvomynh.Tmnhchpvo
mathungnm1933.ltmnhutincaiti.Byginhnli,trngtithtlng,conXtht"bnhtrai",ngyu...
VymmthmchQucVngvchHiThiulngsckhpnitmX,ticnglontonchytheosau.Misaumiphthinnbainhchtnmtrong
mtvngnccchxanh.Ccchvtnlnchnctcnthn,cnhaicngtcliticthngn.Tirtbun,lnibunutincati,dlci
buncatrth.Tikhngsaoquncnhngbuinatrtrntm,nhaychytheoti,cimilnhlnh,ntkhtkhtbntaynhcati,chnhv
n,tilunbbnbtcqutangninnu,vymnaytimtnsmtmtutincaitrth.
Mthmthtkhcthng,chatimcthngphckhngilm,mxchmtvalyvatphngln.ChQucVngthtcvtmccoml.Trngvmt
mingitrangnghimthnoy.Ltsaumni:"ThyivngthmcngchQucVng,connhnthyi!".Tichytibchnvohaimcacha,
ngm,hnvotrnti.Vsaumbo:"ChaconicngtcNhtBn,lulumiv".Tihi:"NhtBnuhm?","NhtBn...xalm.chong
thnVitNamNguynCng..."(Ttnhintichhiuhongthnlthno,saunybhaynhcti,timicntngvcitnny).lthung
nm1933(saukhichpnhcnh).Cucchiatayutinyvichati,tivnnhnhin.
Nm1988,chik"TiclmngihctrnhcaBcH"[1]caLThitHng(LQucVngvsaulytnlLThitHng),cucrainychnhl
thikcuichatilmcngtctnhbophcvcchmngvistrgipcaLQucVng,nhmnhlchngbncvcaQucdnng.
**
nmrbicnhlchskhichatithuthptintnhbocabTngthammuQucdnngcachati,xinimquavintvnnchnhtrTrungHoa
thibygi:
TnTrungSnllnhtvicacchmngdnchtsnTrungHoauthkXX.
TamDnchnghacangchialmhaithik.Thiku,Tnmtmtchngphongkin,quc,mtmtlilinminhviach,quanliuvqunphit,
ngthikvngsgipcaccnctbnphngTy.Ktcc,cchmngTnHituyltvngtriuphongkin,nhnglibthlcphnng
thaotngchuynquyn.Thikthhai,cchmngthngMiNganm1917vphongtro"NgT"[2]nm1919khinTnthcngranhiuvn.
TipnlsraicangcngsnTrungQuc,khinTnbsungvocnglnhQucdnng:"LinNga,lincng,phtrcngnngvnghcc
ncnhctiu".Do,thng121921,TnTrungSntvnviidinLinXMalinxydngtrngqunstheomhnhcaLinX,Tnlmi
nguynsoikimhiutrng.
1661924khaigingTrngHongPh(QungChu)vi500hcvin(ngchNguyniQuccinhngthanhninyuncnhLHngPhong,L
TnAnh,LThitHng,PhngChKinv.v...vohcquns,vvoclptphunchnhtrcngtrongthikny).
TnTrungSncnquantmbidnglclngcngnngbngcclphcngnhn.
cbit,TnTrungSnktnpcngvinCngsnvoQucdnngcitvcngctchccaQucdnng,ritinhnhchintranhBcpht,
v.v...lthikQucCnghptclnthnht,lmtcaotrocchmngcancTrungHoa.
Ticrngthng6nm1925TnTrungSnttrnvlidichcyucuthchincnglnhmi.
SaukhiTnmt,TngGiiThchphnlidichcang.TngthanhtrngngvincngsntrongQucdnng,thchinmibinphptiudit
thanhnintinbbtnhnghilcngsnvsthihnglotngvincngsn.Lc,ngcngsnTrungQucxydngccncaringcamnh
mt s ni thuc vng Giang Nam. Tng thi hnh chnh sch "o tn gc, trc tn r", m nm t tn cng vo khu X Vit ca ng cng sn Trung
Quc...
Khongunm1928,chatinhnclnhiungcngtcvBTngthammuQuniQucdnngcaTngGiiThch.Lcnyngtat
phongmnhlTngtngti,Tngyvintrng,vanmquynquns,vanmquynchnhtr.Dolnhiung,chativNamKinhlmtham
mutrongCcbnBTngthammucaTng.
Saukhichatinnhcngtc,mvchtimitHngChuvNamKinhvokhongcuinm1928,unm1929.Theolimtik,thigian1929
1930,ThiLai(HHuyTp),chDuy(NguynThMinhKhai),LTnAnh,LPhngThun,v.v...trongnhtiqungthigiankhongvithng.
Ngingvincngsnnvigianhtitnm1928vcmiquanhgnbmtthitnhtlLQucVng,nnm1934itnlLTnDn
(saunylLThitHng).Lcutiginglch,nhnm1937,chtithnhhnvingy,tigibnganh.
Tronghik"TilmngihctrnhcaBcH"LThitHngkrngtheomtchcangLThy(BcH),chatibmtlytincaquniTng
chuynchongcngsnTrungQuc.
LThitHngvitrngTngGiiThchtindngHHcLmkhngchdothicnihcngLmgiitondinccmnvthnggipTnglmbi,m
cndongtnglnnhncaTng.Saukhiratrng,haingicngthamgiamtchindchchinhphtbnqunphitctc,Tnganggpnguykhn
thngLmemqunticu.LngingoiquctrongmtquningptrongtinhthniHn,ngLmchlmtsquancpt,nhngngctcc
tnglnhnitingtrongquniTngnhLTThm,BchSngHylbnngnin,choticcsquantrongBTngthammuQucdnngknh
trngvtic.
Tunm1930,quniQucdnngtrinkhaikhochnhchimcckhuxvitcangCngsnTrungquc.NhnthycchmngTrungquc
anggpmunvnkhkhn,ngLThy(bdanhlccalnhtHChMinh)chthchongvincngsnLQucVng(saunylLThitHng)
vndngthhpphptronghngngQucdnngcanhiqucHHcLm,hiptrcchmngncbn.
**
ngLThitHngvit:
TiquytnhtraoivingHHcLmlmthnolycnhngkhochtincngvocckhuxvitcaQucdnng,gipngCngsn
TrungQuc.NhimvngchLThygiaochotivncanhcnhbnlng.Vth,mthmkhuyalcchcnlihaibcchu,titthymnhdn,nu
kinving.ngni,gingtrm,nhc:
ThxchnhhicatilcnylHHcLmlmtibTngthammuQucdnng,cnlinhhnvtritimtithlunlunthucvcchmng.Vicly
cckhochny,khkhnlmy,lrathmtunhchi.Nhngquytthlm.Nhtnhc.
Tmahnmathunm1930,BchhuyticaoHngqunvnthngnhncnhngbocomttcschuynv:chralnhcmchuynch
thcgoxuitheosngNhThyvCngGiang...Bnthmbotnhp,linlccvibnA.B.(chngcng)ngCn,PhDin,HuB,ng
Thin...NhiucpsquanquPhcKin,GiangTyciungvbTngthammu...CcsoncatngLuHaDnh,TrngHuyTn,m
oNguyncbsungtrangb,quns,chuyndchvphaGiangTy...TtcudongHHcLmvtichongngnthumlmranhng
dngtiny.
BTngthammuQucdnngtchctheokhunkhcaqunicdocccvnctrctipcho.Klutstrtnghimngt.Saugilmvic,
mihstiliuucnimphonggivotstbomt.Cnbtuytikhngcemtheomtmugiynovnh.Nginobitvicny,tuyt
ikhngcninidungcngtccamnhanglmchongikhcbit.Khkhnvtnkmlm,ngHHcLmmimoictrongsccsquan
cngcngtctrongbTngthammulcny,lcnmtvitintcclinquan.Nhiulcngphiixungccsonnghincu,xcnhli.ngphi
nhptmnhngphnvicctraochongsontho,vcnhngphnviccanhiusquankhcsongsongcnglm.Vnhngclitngcu,tng
chchotighili.Xong,angxem,sacha,bsungnhngchititchnhxcngvagnlcxong.Bnqunslcnycnghim,likhngcem
vnhnnngphiphngtheonhngbnngs,hnhchnh,vlichocth.nlttichuyngiaochocscangbn,cngphinhptm
thuclngnhngichs,hngdnlibngmingchocsnhn,nmthtvngnidung.Cngiytchghirtvntt,gchudngtngmc.
Cui cng, ton b bn k hoch tin cng khu xvit trung ng ca ng Cng sn do Tng Gii Thch ph chun c ng H Hc Lm v ti ly
c,gititayngbn.PhmvicacuctincnglvngtgicLaLm,NghiHong,LXuyn,ThyKim,taX...Y...Binhlcthamgiat10n15
son,ckhongbamivnqun.Chialmnhiut.Thigiancthbtuvonhngthngunm1931.
Ngcli,ticngcthngbovnttlHngquncngckhochiphln.
Gialchaibcchuchngtianghihptheodihnhngcaibnthctinchxcltngy28thng7,Hngqunmcuctincngvo
ccthnhphln:TrngSa,NamXngvVHn.Khuhiungvinl"HisVHn,mmTrngGiang".
CthylmtcuctincngphchunbngHHcLmni,nhvothnhphln,khkhnlmy.Liucsckhng?
Tisngstronggiylt.
NhngngysautintccaBTngthammuQucdnngvndongHHcLmav:TrngSatachimcmingysauphirtlui.Thnhph
NamXngchgichaimibntingngh.CnVHnthkhngvoc...Tuytnhinkhngcnicngngoikchbathnhphny.Vcng
khngccucbinhbinnotrongccnvQucdnng...
Thmhainm(19311932)singvcngthngiviti.CuchnhbinhvyqutcaTngGiiThchvokhuxvittrungngdydakodi
trnnanmmiktthc.Lcuvimivnqun,Tngnhnhmtclxong.Nhngphikothnhbat.tmttthng12nm1930n
thnggingnm1931.Tngphingngtincng(doxmlcNhtBnHoaBc).Suthngsaumimcthai,qunlcgpi,tclhaimi
vn.tba,vothng7,bamivnqundochthn"TrungHoanhtkit"(tcTngGiiThch)chhuy.Lithualingxingnhthai.
Baolntritimcatibthtli.SaucctnthttolnTrngSa,NamXng,VHn,liuHngqunhiphclicsclccha?
TingyTngphichnhthcralnhluiqun,ktthctba,timithphonhnhm.CnglctrongbTngthammuQucdnngctingx
xolphitruylngniphn.
TngGiiThchcaycquytlmmtcnavothng6nm1932.Nhlntrc,tonbbnkhochtincngvyqutlnlnthhainyuquatay
ngHHcLmvtichuyntiBtlnhHngqun.Saulnvyqutny,Tngni:khngthngnhngcngkhngthua!
Sautny,vQucdnngtruyxtnibgtgao,chatiaLThitHngsangNhtBn,lytinglgpHongthnCng,thcchtnh
lchngcvcaTng.CngtnglngicngtcclcvichsPhanBiChu.
VnggpcanhmtnhboHHcLmtronggiaionquytnhcacucQucCngphntranh,dnncucVnLtrngchinhnm19341935,
LThitHngvit:
Mthm,icnhing,ngHHcLmdntivobungring,chobit:theolnhTngGiiThch,BTngthammuQucdnngbtu
trinkhaimtkhochtincngquimrtlnvokhuxvittrungngThyKimvcckhukhccctnhlncnlmc,tiuditschccnv
Hngqun,ngvincngsnvmicscacchmng.Theonhiunguntin,thngNhtspnhln,chimcctnhngdn,nhiucaminvenbin
HoaBc,HoaTrung,vvy,TngGiiThchbucphihnhngtrctrnhhuhabcngsnvbnlnhchaqunphitctcnhvmt,nh
saulng.LnnylicstiptayhtrcabnqucAnh,Phpvccna.BnnyvnthmthtravoBTngthammu.Quytlitlmy.
Nhngngytipsau,chotimkhuyangHHcLmvtivnchongnngirtlutrntmbnqunstrirng.ClnchngtinhpvaiTng
GiiThch,lnphngntcchinhocngclingvpheHngqunTrungHoaiph.Cnhiumchngtitranhcikhsinivcchnhca
bnny,cchchngtrcabnkia.Mingibovginhcamnh.NhngtmbnqunscacctnhGiangT,TritGiang,AnHuy,GiangTy,
PhcKin...chichtnhngmitnxanh,nhngkhiuschhuy,trnaphomingymtmnt.Gnnhhaichngtiuthuclngahnh,a
vtquanhkhuvcThyKimvinhngtnlng,huyn,tnni,sng,ccngngangdc,ccimcao,bibng...thuclngphinhiuccqunon,s
onQucdnng,tntui,ctnhcatngtnglnhchhuyccnvdkinspctungvocucchinnaymai.VphaHngqun,chngticng
nmchcctnhhnhmnhyucatngnvvcctchccsqunchngticckhuxvit.Songtivnthylolomikhinhlitcuckhi
nghaQungChunm1927mtictrctipthamgiankhoch"hisVHn,mmTrngGiang"nhvoccthnhphcach.Nhnglny,
hnhkhngxong,phirt,thchlintnsthngchcvndnlnhvti.Tilunlundaydt:liulnnyccbncngvngvptanc
cuctincnglncabnTnghaykhng?NhnvphngNam,Tqucxavivi.SauXvitNghTnh,baokhkhngiankhnvicchmng
ta,ngta:lnhtNguyniQucbbt,ccngchHTngMu,NguynLngBng,LQungt,LuQucLong...lnltsavotaygicPhp.Hm
nghetinLuQucLong,ngingchnikhviti,nhyttrngcbaxung,hysinh,tikhngsaocmcncmt.Cnbaongchkhcna?
Giachngcngvic,tilnThngHichngtmnngiidinmicangCngsnTrungQucmtivacgiithiuthngbo,phi
hp,ichiuviccngunthngtintphangbnthuthpc.Tnglai,haralmtbnnghcVbHongPhtrcy,lcnymangtn
lTonPhong.Gpnhau,chngtinmchttaynhaunauing.TrungQuc,tnhnghng,nghc,ngkhalthinglingtrongtimthc,tp
qundntc.TonPhonglnhntivitui.HaingihihcHongPhcnhiuhptmng.TikhngtinhinhngcngonTonPhongang
gimttrngtrchnotrongngbn.TonPhongthathitnghvitiltmmicchlychobngckhochtincnglnnycaTngGii
Thch.
QuaccnguntintiniChngnghincurtkschotcchinvcchnhcaHngquntmramtcchnhclinhtchochng.
ngchthchovidnchng.
Rtkinhnghimcclntrc,iquncachngtinoovoakhucata,thngkhnggpchlccaHngqun,nlcquncachngmtmi
minh,hockhichngluiqunthngmibtruykch,nnchngthngbnvinhaullmsaokhngb"bn"chovoby.
ngyTonPhongp,ginghohngkinhnghimtrnhaichcnmtinhnhdukchchintranhcangchngticktlithnhnhng
nguyntcchotcchinchoHngqunvcclclngvtrangkhctrongtonquc.
Tikinnhnnginghengingchcangbnthuyttrnhvnhngiuhay,iulicanhngnguyntc.
TrongqunscnvnvndnglinhhottiniNgaynhNPhLun(Naplng),mtnhqunscticngniilthcachiphic
cchcmqun.TrongTnNgbinhphpcngninhiunthctchintrng.
TonPhongngtliti:
nglcvnvndnglinhhot.Nhngnguyntcthbaogicnglnguyntc.NPhLundsaocngsinhtrngtrcchngtahnmtthk.
Trckhitbitngibnhcc,gilngicngtcchtchvimnh,tikintrnhcinhcli:Nnhlnnycnhiucikhcy.Trnngvti
khngkhibngkhungsuyngh.TonPhongmingynocnlhcsinhqun,rttrthc,mnaykhcnhiuri.
**
KhongvibangyngHHcLmlicungcpchotimtschitit:Bmtlm.chthnTngthammutrngiuhnhcngvic,thnhlpmtban
cngtccbitgilBitphiBan.Tngthammutrngduytdanhschtngngi...TicngctrongdanhschBitphiBan.SngitrongBanrt
hnch.
VicngHHcLmcchnhlmtthnhvinthamgiaxydngkhochtcchinnylmtiurtthunlichocngviccati.ngcphn
cnglmttrngthucnbomchognhaichcqunon,sonvnhiunvtrngpho,sngci,thitxavmtviphiimybaycng
kch,thmthnh,micbnqucAnhPhpcvintr.Ttcctnhmttriuqun.
Mttriuqun?Tithtln.
Mttriuqun.ngy.Nhngdbirtnhiu.Chabitrsdngcahrasao?
Nhngngytipsau,ngHHcLmilmv,nomrtphphc,nungsthni.nxongngnmchpmtmthilu,ckhicnhspchunbng
ngmingivobn.ngnhlivcchotighinhngconsrtlndtrvxngdu,ndc,thucn,phngtinvntiphcv,vvtliu:xi
mng,g,,stthp...Consvlngthc,thcphmcngghgmhnna.Theongthchathymtlnnohdtrghgmnhlnny.
Suynghhilu,ngngluntrngh.Tichebtnhsngngnncanhgicngchong.Nhngconsnmchcvntn,mttriutn,chctriutnc
nhnhynhttrcmt.Cmtithctrng,trntrcnhngsmra,limochnhtilm.Cbuitrangkhngv.Buichiuvnhncmxongli
thyngi.Clcngncquantiptclm.Clckhngthyngncquannhngingnnammiv.Cnhubitngilcvicrt
cn.Mingiunnlngkhnghingiug,khilmngbphntnttng.
Mthm,ngvvivmttitnh.Saubacmchiu,bqualnghei,ungnc,ngkotivophngringninh:
ngnhtidontlu,chanichoanhbit.HmnayhvagiithiuringvichngtimtonvquancdovintngXict(Seekt)cm
u,sanglmcvnchoTngGiiThch.TngGiiThchlmvicvihttht.MyngyquahlmvicringviTngthammutrngvtlp
ntcchin.Thucncati,tiuhnhcaTrntngqun,cngkhngcthamgia.Tuytibmtngdnglimtlcluminitip:Ln
nycccvnccngvihtholunnghincuk,rtkmynguyntcchotcchincaHngqun.Rtkinhnghimmylntrc,cccvnc
bychoTngnhtheokiutrnachin.Chimculptrnakincn,chalcmnhmcaphobinhchivin.ngthitritthc
hinchnhsch"tamquang"(tsch,phsch,gitsch).Ctphabnkia(niHngqun)phihcuvotrnakinc,biqun,iphoca
hnghinnt.NuHngqunvnpdngcchnhvadukchvavnngthhcnhng"vogip"chechri.
Davonguntinchnhxccang,tilptctmcchtruyntlikcngchongbn.
**
Thng10nm1933,cucitincngquymchatngccaTngGiiThchvokhuxvitTrungngranhgiihaitnhPhcKinvGiangTy
btu.chthnTngGiiThchvvinthngtngXict(Seekt)cvnngictrctipcho,iuhnh.PhnlncquanBtngthammu
Qucdnngxoayquanhphcv.Chincuckhngoonhsngdng,lachymthntrngtngbc.Bochcngkhai,ccbntinmtcngnivi
mtmcvaphisoviquymtmvccan.Cucchinkoditthng10nmtrcnthng9nmsau.Giachng,TngGiiThchphitm
ngngtincngdocsnidycaqunon19caThinhKhiPhcKinchngliTng.ngCngsnTrungQucvHngqunblchi
ny.
MtnmtringHHcLmbntibi.ngphiiuhnhcngtchucnchindchihingycngln"cngcpbchtheoqunlnh".Nhnlivic
nhtrcaHngqun,nhiulcngphtbcniviti:
Khnghiulmsaolngtngbngnth?Nthayicchnhrimmnhthckhkhnhtheolic.Anhhygiimmtinnyritmcch
chuynngaychoHngqun.
Thigianny,ticngbxoaychongchng,hti,livgpccumilinlc.aimgpnhautnglcliphithayi.Cnhnmicngvy.SauTon
Phonglinngikhc.
Hngquntheonguyntcchotcchinc,lcunhnhchvosuminh.Mcdutrccnhiukinbnlunnnchngnhch
tphangoikhucnc.GiachngmithayiMcucphncnglnvokhutrng(khuQucdnng)tcvohuphngchindchcach.
MunquringHHcLmctin,ptayxungbn:nhvokhutrngphabcLXuynngchvobngpphngtuynkincca
ch,khngthnhcng.nhphcicuTKhtrntuynvnchuynhuytmchcaBchqun,cngkhngc.Gaygoy.
NhngtintctipsauvhotngcaHngquncngkhnglmchomingiphnchnlnchtno.Hngquntkhutrngvngngoichuyndch
voqunggia.ucngvpphituynchinhokinccachng.
Dnddinbinchinugimdntcvcng,clichoTngGiiThch.ngHHcLmchcnmtcchngmchivinchoHngqunltr
honhaylmchmcginohaygiycngtctipthucn.Tiigpngicangbncngkhngcnnhiunidungthngtintraoina.
Mtslolngbaotrm.
ChonngyctinchxcltonbcclclngvtrangcaHngqunvTrungngngCngsnTrungQucphibcckhucnc,vi
hngmychctriudn,tinhnhcucVnltrngchinhtheohnglnTXuyn,ThimTy,CamTc,tBTngthammuv,ngHHcLmlin
gieomnhxunggh,ngilngihilu.Tingibncnhng,nhngitrnngla.
Lrathunninhthny.Mthtt,mthtdn!Nixongngngdy,chmchmivophngcamnh,khpchtcali.
Chabaogitithytronglngtrngrngvhnnhlc".
QuahikcaLThitHng,cthnhnthyrngchodkhngctrctipdnhngtraoigiaTngthammutrngvTlpntcchinca
QuniQucdnngvicccvnngic,ngLmvnccchnmbtcnidungcakhochtcchintruyntchoHngqunTrung
Hoa.
chngsau,LThitHngvittipvnhngdinbincuicngcacucVnLTrngChinh.
...Tmtnmnay,tichcbittintccucrtluilnphaTyBccangCngsnTrungQucvHngqunTrungHoaquaccbnbocogiv
BTngthammuTngGiiThchdongHHcLmnili.Gny,theobocotnghpcuicngth"qunCngsn"tiBoAnvDinAnthuc
tnhThimTy.Ctheonhboconyth"qunCngsn"miphnchtchn,ingytanr.ctinny,cngHHcLmvtiuxtxav
cng."...
[1]TiclmngihctrnhcaBcH,ngnhiuktrongccs8,9,10TpchLchsquns,1986NXBQuninhndn,2002.
[2]MtcucvnngcchmngcacctnglpnhndntrungqucchngmtquytnghcaHipnhVersailles,theomttnhcaTrungHoachuyn
thnhlnhthcaNhtBn,nravongy4thngnm,1919.Cchcgichorngthnglicacaphongtronyanstruynbsurngt
tngcngsnvoTrungHoaquacctrthcnhLiChiu,TrncTdntisthnhlpCSTrungqucnm1921.
5/18/2017 HitngvchatichsHHcLm[III]
HitngvchatichsHHcLm[III]
HMLA
Thsu,03Thng7201507:23
fontsize
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisihohoclamiii 1/16
CHNGIII
VITMINH
Khonguhnm1934(uthng4),gianhtidnvmtbitthhaitngcvncyrngp,lMaiVinTnThn.
Tirtthchninyvnrngri,thongngsongvbitlpchonntikhngcbnb,chthuithichimtmnhngoivnhoa.Tngmtcnhiu
phng,bpvcccngtrnhph.Tngtrngmmtphnglncamvti,cnhmtphngngimmsutngylphngchti.idinphngcahai
mconlphngcha,gmhaiphngnhcchnhaubngmthnhlangvcuthang.Phngcacharngkhong11,12mtvungccasthongmtv
nhsngchanha.Nhngchailmvicsutngy.TrongphngbybinvnnhphngcangPhngNgaCng,chkhcmtiungychnhtng
lmvickhngphichongn.Bnlmviccangvnyschbo,cnhphasauphngchatilmtphngkhonhvalyc.
CngnhPhngNgaCng,mtsngiyuncVitNamlitinhti.Nhnghthothin,thotbinbtthng,tichngnhnimtai,tnai
ngoichQucVng.
Cmtkckhqunlnginhnyrngvvngvqu.m,tihaybmtsbnghnhhotrntrnnhmnh,lnhnghnhtuxe,ngiik
lilmtihoamt(clbnhhoangtngcatremchng?).Cmtithymtconchlngtrngitphacaphngchatitignphnghaimcon,
htichpmtvmiththyconchliuhnhlangbnkia.Hintngkodikhintis,vtrongnhkhngnuich,tikuln:"Micons",
bvibtinmvophatrongsttng,sautimingc.ngiticngkhnghiuhintnglnguynnhntisao?
Mtbuisngptri,mmcovypchotivxchmtvalyconbngmy,dttingilnxekotayragaxela.Bmuavhnghairiatiln
ngitrntoaxekhsangtrng.Tuchyqualngmc,cnhngla,ccgaxp,kxungngilntrngnhnnhpvlmt.Buitra,mgimymnn,
hbngmtkhayvungcnhiumnpmtvngon.Tirtthchthvnngonming,trongbngnghiumthvqunh,cgmthngxuyn
amnhichinhvy!Cuicngtudngmtgaln,mvtilingixenmtkhchsntrung.Saukhiramt,thayqunoschs,mdttin
mtningngi,tonnhngngilhoc,tikhngnhmtnginocngkhngbittnmtngino,chbitmingingicbuirtbuntvch
thyhnicig.nbnnmgichiu,haimconlilnxela,ngitoahngbarav.Vim,tinggttronglngm...
Nhngchuynilimtntngmim,susc,bivlchuynibngxelautintrongiti.Khilnln,hitngchuynithv,ti
him.Bbo:"lthnhphThngHi,mtthnhphlnvphnhoanhtTrungQuc,cnglmtthnhphcnhiutgiiccncnhPhp,Anh,
v.v...MnhchnkhucangiTrungQucthi,nulcsangtgiiPhpdbbtlm...","ThhmynThngHilmghm?","AnhCNguyn
LngBngtriutpthyconnhpMttrnphnngminh.Vbn,thyconkhngic,mithay".
ChnhytigpngNguyniQuc,nhngdocnquttuinntikhngnhcgthtrrt.Nm1954,tigpliBcnhanhNguynAnNinh,
Bccinhc:"Mingynocnmcqunthngtmbygitonynhthny".TicivtichnhgpBcnmtimihai,mibatui,(khong
19431944)tiLiuChu.BcnilgptiThngHi.Khiklichuynnychomtinghe,bgitmnhvtrnhcaBc.
Chng ti Mai Vin Tn Thn c mt thng th dn v s 10 Tam Sn L. Sau ny ti hi m: "Mai Vin Tn Thn p th sao khng , c thch hn
khng?","Tinthunhtqu,nhmnhkhngkhamni","tlbaonhiu,cnTamSnLlbaonhiu?","ThuMaiVinTnThnmithng120
ngqucdnt,thuTamSnLc70ngmtthngthi.Nhmnhphinuiccanhemyunctrongnhcngtnkmlm,...nukhngkhothu
xpthkhngnuinicu.Hckhkhnminnhmnh,con".Hlnhngai,mivsautimihiu.Bivthiimtimibatuiri,v
tinhngtngmnhlngiTrungQuc,ngloivinhngngihngxm.Mtidn:"Aihiconlngiu?ContrlimnhlngiQungng,
HoakiuIndonesiav...".
TamSnLlkhuchungcvinhiubitthhaitng.Khurngri,ctngbaoquanh.Ckhucnmdy,midycbnngibitth,xycngmt
kiu.Giaccdynhbitthlngbtngrng8n10mt,travothoimi.Nginhchngtigncuidythba.Trcontrongkhuktbn
thoimi,mcdccgianhsngbitlpvkhngquanhvinhau.Chonnnginhchngtilmtvngqucring,vilisnghontonVitNam.
Tngtrnchaiphngln.Phngtrongrngkhong16mtvungcamvti,phngngoirngnht,khong20mtvungkhaitsch,mtbnlm
vic,mtgingn.Khongcuinm1934unm1935,cchngXunThanhn.ChbitchatinuinhiunghngtVitNamsang,kinh
tkhngsungtccholm,chonnhngthngchachomtimtkhontinnhcoinhtinthunh.Chhccv.Chatixinchochvolm
bphndchthuttiliuqunscaBTngthammu.VchgiichHn,tingAnh,Phpvc,dosaumtthigianlmviccphongqunhm
iy.Cnhphngmlphngchati,rngkhong1415mtvung,casthongrng,nhsngchanha.Trchaiphnglnlhnhlang,idin
phngmlphngchkhong1516mtvung.Cnhphngngoilphngtm,trcphngtmlcuthangxungtngmt.Cnhphngchvphngcha
cmtliinhonh,cmtthangstdngnglnsnthng.Trnsnthngcmtphngnhkhong6,7mtvung.VsauchVn(ngiLo)ng
mtmnhy,vchthchring.Tngmtccutrctngt,haiphnglndnhchoccch,phngchatithngxunglkhochathcphm,v.v...
Phngchvhnhlangthngxunglmtphngrnglnkhong25mtvungtmtbnnvungtorngcthngi8ngi.Khingngi,kobn
cnhhnhbnnguytbngcbnln,sthnhmtbntrnto.Ngoira,mtnhtmvhnhlangkhrngmraphacaravocangibitth.Ti
lbpnunchocnh.Ninucmbngchogangto,mtchogangvaxonuthcn.Chttlcitobngcinxe.
TngydnvTamSnL,ccchngiVitvrtngvlu.Saunymchobit,chPhngNgaCngtinthunhchc20ngqucdnt.
Nuchchogianhbnngichngtilc.Mcdchkhngsang,nhngcnhgianhtildythnht,trcmtdynhlsnrngv
khongtrngmnhmng,kcngthong.VchQucVngyucutmchrngvbitlpnnhiungintrongnh.Nuchungvingi
TrungQucslnhmnhtonngincngoiththtbttinvnguyhim.DochQucVngtmthunhMaiVinTnThn,nhngvtinthu
nhtqu,chliilngsckhpni,cuicngtmtiaimny.Krachnycngkhangtrang,chthiuvnhoathi,trconthchhoa,chonnti
vnquynluynMaiVinTnThn.
DnvTamSnLnguh1934(khonggiathng5),tilnthmmttui.Clvtiln?Cngclvccchnnhludi,khngcntnh
trngthothinthotbin,chonntinhhuhttnccchnh:ChThc(ngVnCp,saunm1954lVintrngngyTrungng),chc,
Giai,Lc,Trnh(ngTrnh),Hi(PhiVn,NguynHuCn),Hoa(LQuangHoa,HongNgcn),Long(TChKin,bitdanhLongCong),Tren(L
QucTr),Liu(MnhVnLiuPhngChKin),Vn(ngiLo),Cao(CaoHngLnh),v.v...
ChLQucVng,nayitnlLTnDnthiknykhngtrongnhna,chatixinchochlm"Linph"iiphbinhonxehi(khxabinh
on)ngcchNamKinh100cys.Thnhthong,chcvchinhtimtvihm.
Cngnhtnghai,ccphngtngmtcsnbngg,haiphngngcaccchlunclauschbng.Phngngoichkmtgingnvmtbn
lmvic,phngtrongkmtgingi.Mahccchnmdisnhaiphngvibnciqut.Mangthiuchn,mccchngchungvdnvo
mtphngvimtlsithan(cilthitkrtkn,cngthngkhithotrangoitri).Hngngymtitvit"nhtbo",tpchv.v...Mtschl
cngnng,vnhathp,khngcschboc,mtimuabctngccchgiitr.Viconmttrem,tithycucsngtronggianhngvui,
mm.
VTamSnL,mtimuasmnhiuthtronggianh(khngnginnhPhngNgaCng)nhbnghn,chn,m,qut,lsiv.v...Saunym
knhthigianPhngNgaCngtngitrongnh,bdnhdmcmytrmqucdnt.VTamSnLnhstinmimuasmcnhiu
thnhngcngchltithiusdngtronggianh.
TrungQuc,grtttin.Cmtthigian,trongnhchamtictihaimingin,phichialmhaibnn.Thcnhngngyctht,cy
,thnhthongccchmg,vt,ginemrn,v.v...Vthmthcndntc,thnhthongmtimuancmmvmmtmvn.NgiTrungQucch
yunxdu,nunncmmhaymmtmlsang,vnhngththnxdu.Thnhthongmtimuabnhmb(cnglthttin)nsngcho
cnh.Bnhthngchncmrang,msi,chohoavitrngmui,trngbcthov.v...
Vsaumk,gicnhngnmuthpkhaimirtr.nkhamkh,mingimtthngchmt3ngqucdnt,nvaphil5ng,nkhl7
ng,nsangvngonl12n15ng.Titmhi:"Thiknhmnhnmtbaonhiutnhtheoungihm?"Btrli:"Thunhmt70ng,
innccngphin20ng.Chitinnchocnhtyslngngikhong70n100nghocckhihn.Nginng,nunngcngdhn
con...".Titrnconmtnhnmvhi:"Mcdnhdmcxunokhng?"."Thngtngithtitkimcchtt,thngngnginhdxn,n
ungkhamkhmtchtricngxong...Tinlngtrungtcathyconl220ng.Thyconcchsdnghaicnv,cnvtrongnhcngbttin
chosinhhotcanhmnh,dothyconlycvmngvicnh,nghcquanchonhntincnv.Micnvl10ng,nhvyl20ng,
vchithunhphngthngcathyconl240ng.Mcliuliumchitiuthi...Trnytnhchlikhithi,chthcramithchiphtrongnh
khngthkhtc...Vdccchmau,ibnhvinkhmbnh,thucmencngdothyconchitinra...ChLQuangHoamcchngauu,i
khmbnhbnhvin"CLu"cngkhtnkm,nhngkhmmimchngtmthymmbnhtu?Thytnkmqu,chnhthivicchabnh.
Ngoiracnchihcphchochconnach...".
Quacuchuynmksauny,khitimihai,mibatui,timihiuskhkhncachamti,lldotisaohitrc,tixinchatimuan
pian,ngtrlingin:"Thykhngctin..".Tronglngtibtbnh:"Trongnhnuinhiungithmthybokhngctin...Chcthytictin".
Cngnhkhitihi:"Tisaokhngchochhcihc?",mcngbolkhngctin.ylchuynsaunymtiklithbitvy,chkhitivnla
trbn,nmtui,chbitnasutngyngoingviccbnthi.
TicnnhhmungLQuangHoannhti.Mtbuichiu,khonghai,bagitikui,mangrangcmchotithnghetingchungca.Bm
cavtingngaycnh,thymtnginngmcuphc(ccchrangoingumcuphc,ringchatithchmcqundivodithng,
mangcngnhmah)bcxungxeko,hibngtingTrungQuctrtr:"ycphinhHHcLmtinsinhkhng?".Mtitrli:"Chnhphi,
nglai?".NginbntrlibngtingVit:"TilLQuangHoa,ngilngcH".(Thi,aicnggichatilcH,gimtilchH,haybH
theophongtcxnghbnghcangiTrungQuc).Mtinhngng:"Mianhvo".ChHoannhtisaunhiungicchmngVitNam
khc.Chlunkuauu,khngthchnc.Hngngy,chchcbovnhc.VchvitchHnrtp,tlusauchatixinchochlmvnth
trongcquanBTngthammu.Vchchaquatrngquns,nnlcucphonglbinhnh.Sauthigianthvic,chcphongcpchuny
(ThibygiTrungQuckhngcmych,chonnphicnhngngichpchuynchpcccngvnhayboco).
Mtbuitrah,saukhichitrtrntmngoing,mtenchy(ticcnhnilchurutchTren),nginngran,khtncnchyc.Ti
chyvnhkum:"i,stqu,stqu,nc,nc!".ChTrnhlytayslnubc"khi"catikuto:"Ch,chutistqu,maumangthuccmn
y...".Mingni,taychbtitlngingn,lychnbngplnngiti.Cntivalychnpchn,mingvakust,haichchuvtlntrn
ging,chThclngtngbngncvthuccmti.Vahaylcmtitngoicngivonh,chTrnhni:"Chi,chustcaoquch..."."
tixemno...".Mtistrntivci:"Ncstgu,chclnngoingnngquym...,tingNgh"st"cnghal"nng"chkhngphil
st cm g u...". Ch Trnh ci hin lnh "Th !". Cc ch khc ang mi nh c, thy th ph ln ci v ni: "Ngi cng mt nc m khng hiu
nhau...".Mtitungchnchotinhyxungsnngicnhqutvchoungmtccncsingui.Nhkhngctlnh,vthiytlnhttinlm.
Kcngl,tuisaoticthchicngyngoinngkhngbitmt.Hngngy,saubacmtra,mbttinmcnhbngtra,nhngtichng
baogingtrac.Tinmimchkhinomtithipi,bnnhnhnglnxungcuthangchunrangoing.Nhngnukhngrangoingchi,
nhchbitlmg,chngcaitrchuynviatrbntui.Chvtihamchi,mhaynhti.Khitithanhminhldog,b"bp"mtcivvo
mm:"Citrny,citrny!",libpmtcina.Vymtivnchngnotty.
Hm,saukhihaichchuhiunhauvngnng,chTrnhni:"Thitnaychungichingoinngna,ncmxong,tranmdisnvicc
chchomt,chkchuynchonghe".Thm,tranoticngnh,nmcnhchTrnh,chththkchuynctch.Nhnglcvui,chcittmt,
trngrthin,tirtmnch.Dndntnhtihnhnhthunli,khnghayranangoingvilbnna.
MthmchTrnhhi:"Chubitmnhlngiukhng?","Ngiu?MnhlHoakiuIndonesia".Ccchci,chTrnhcittmt,xoautiv
bo:"MnhlngiAnNam,ltnginctacangiTrungQuc.Chnhra,phigimnhlngiVitNamchu!"."NgiVitNam?Mnhkhngphi
ngiTrungQuc?ThVitNamu?".Chlymtbnthgiitrirngrasnvch:"TrungQuctonhlduyny(ThibygiTrungQucin
bngmcncMngCngynay),cnncmnhbttohnhch"t"gynhom".Titrnmtnhnlnbnvasngst,vathtvngvkhng
ngncTrungQuctonhldu,pilp,cnncmnhtrngsaobnh,gycmth.
Trngvmtsngs,nhoncnghti,chTrnhni:"ythchu,ncmnhtuybtosoviTrungQucnhngnitinglbhttiu!"."Bht
tiu?Nghalthnohch?"."Httiutuybnhngrtcay!".Tinghihocnhnchvtuiykhngthnhnthccvnchnhtr,nghasuxaca
cuni.ChTrnhlicixoautitvthngcmvinibnkhoncati:
"Lnlnrichushiu!.
ThnhmnhTrungQuclmg,saokhngvnc?".Tihi.
Lmcchmng,chu.
Cchmnglg?
Mingiciphln.
Chtcha!Cuhihcbaqu!",mtchngheithoicahaichchubntruchTrnh.
ChTrnhgigiucirini:"LnhTy!".
Ccchphlnci,tivnkhnghiutisaoccchci,hitip:"Tylaic?",
"Ty.Tyl,lthngPhp,thngmtxanhmil,chngncpncmnh,btmnhlmnl..."
"Thnllghch?"
Cuicngmtchht:"ThngTynigiyTu,trnuimtrng,haitaycmcncu...".Saulcmtcuchuynvuirngdivthth.
Cuicngmtabbntuinhtimirnguncn,gcgccamnh,vahaymtiivo.Bni:"Nhngvictrongnhmnhcontuytikhngc
kviai.AichiconvncnimnhlngiQungng,HoakiuIndonesiavnc...,chchoaibitmnhlngiVitNamnh!".
"Tisao?"
"VnuthngTybitnsbtccchvcthym...".
T,ticthccnhgic,tuytnhinkhngbpxpvicnhvibnbcati.VlicchnmccacnhcngginghtngiTrungQuc,chonn
lnggingkhngaitmchuyngianhchngtic.Thcra,chccquanBTngthammuvTngGiiThchbitgianhHHcLmlngiVit
Nam.
MthmmtinivichTrnh:"Chdyconbhcchqucngi".ThlchTrnhbygiybtlnsnnh,haichchunmbtrnsn,chvavit
vani:"ylchO,Ogingqutrnggphikhngno?".Tinhnthychchvitkhoqu,nglgingqutrngg."thiim,thicru".
TingcnhinlmvlylmthvvchqucngkhngphiccntsngangsdchnhvungnhchTrungQuc.Tithchquicmbtvit.i,ch
Otivntrunrun,trntrnnhhnbimo,xuilxu,khngsaovthnhhnhbudc.Vymhaichchulihimybuitra,ticcbngch
citingVit,nhngkhngsaovitcch.CuicngchTrnhnivimti:"Chubqu,thingbttin.Chqucngdhcm.Lnlnchu
hccngkhngmun".nhrngticngcnbqu,nhngquantrnglchkhngcphngphpsphm,nmbdisncngkhtpvit.Thl
vicqucngnhgclichoti12nmsau.Nmlh1934,timitrnbntui.
Mihmqua,mnichvathittnghiptrunghc,thnhtronglp.Bvnnichtithngminhhcgii.Sutuiihc,hainmnhyccbalp,
nghalhnm1935,chmimilmtuicaotrung(tngnglp12ngynay,thngthngmitmtuimittnghipcaotrung.Chhcl
12nmttiuhclncaotrung)vbchtikhngthngminh.Cnqub,tichnghiuthnolthngminh,nhngnghemnivyvtinbning.
Chonnticnghtscsngbichti.Mtivnnikhiticnb,chDicLanhaybvdttiichicngbnbmnh.Nhngtngytibtuctr
nh,lxunhnm1933PhngNgaCng,tichngthychtichivitigc.Chcnggingchati,ngyhaibui,sngivotrng,travn
cmringhmttxonglivotrng,chiutiv,ncmxonglingivobnhc(chathlmvic).Haingilmvicnkhuya,trmngynhmt.Vy
mtnhchemvnmchinylc...Chtisinh1920,hnhntimitui.TrongnhchpPhngNgaCng,titrnbatui,chtitrnmibatui.
Thngminhlichmhc,chtithngngnhtnhtronglp,cngmtbntrailTrngNQun.Misauchmichotibit,nm16,17tui,haingi
yunhau.Khichamtibit,haingbgiunhiuthcaanhNQun,khinhaingimtlinlcvinhau.Saukhittnghipcaotrung(tngnglp
12ngynay),anhyvquHNam.Chtivolmvictitrngnuittm.ChatipchphilyanhLTnDn(tcLQucVng,LThitHng)mc
danhhnchtitihnmitui.
ChtichanhHnglngikhngctinng,chlngitt,trungthnhvicchmng.Chatida:"Nuconkhnglyanhy,chastcon".Dottng
cnphongkin,dothcdntc,chtilyanhLTnDnvomahnm1937VuH.Saukhittnghip,chtivotrngnuitmvahcvalm
cngnhnchkhnghcihc.Saunychk,ccchcngsntrongnhtichornghclcnhchtilqu,iucnthitchlrnluyn"cng
nngha",lisngnhcnhchtiqunng"tnhchttiutsn".Trckhivotrng,chamtichochmtmntinthngkhchlsphnuca
chti.Myhmchrtvui,bnrn,milntngoiphv,chmanghngchngsch,giy,v,btvmc,v.v...chunbchovicixa.
Hngtrctphisang:HHcLm,hMLa,NgKhnDuy.Hngsautphisang:BiHiThiu,DicLan,LTnDn(LThitHng)
nhchpnm1933tiPhngNgaCng
Rimthmchvvnivitiviimtto,sng,nhlnshmhnh:"Bci,hmnaylngysinhnhtcati.Tisasonbasinhnht,ltnami
bcsangdngbavitinh!".Tivangcnhin,vasungsng,hohc,nhchyngaysangphngch,nhngchngnli:"Khoan,bchynhbc
ch,tisnmibcsau.Bygitivnhchunbcinh!"Nixongchvphngchvngcali.Tingtacaphngmnnglngchi.
Eoi,saomiluth.Chmikhngthycaphngchm,tingmimicchnnhngibtxungsn.Khiangsuynghvnv,caphngch
mtoang,chticicirpngixung:"Xinmibc!".Tisungsngbachnbncngchysangphngch.Chlygiybotrilmmmtrnging,
ctgiythnhhoavnhnhtrnlma,trncnhngcibnhgatkhngkemtobnglngbntayvrtnhiuloiko,haichaincchanhga.Chcm
myquedimquanhmtcibnhgatvni:"Givylnnnh".Nhngkhichchmlavo,ch"xot"mtci,dimttngm,chnggingbnhgat
kemtopvinhngngnnnsngnhcnhtrongphimnh.Tivacmng,vabunbun,vthngchchccmtbnhgatkemthcs(thc
ra,hmclcngkhngphilsinhnhtch,chctnhbyraemgimnhvuitrckhichixanh,xaaemnhhnmnhmitui).Hm,hai
chemlyncchanhlmru,cngchntcchnth,nhtbnhgatvko...
Thtrachtivnrttrcon,vchmimilmtui,chhnthichpnhPhngNgaCngchaitui.lmtknimp,nhnglitrongtimt
dmtht"xtxa,khnghiuvsao.Cnnhiuknimna,khngsaoqunc.Chvtiichicngvinvchchpnhchoti.Clnmtchchp
chohaichemtimtkiunhngitrnbic,tinmngngitronglngch...
thmsau,chbinmt.Him,bbochilmcngnhnri.Cln,mvtintntrngthmch.Chgiithiucccngonnuitmvxet.
cnhngcontmnhtvngvctmnhtmuxanhnht,muhng,muvngvtrng,trngpmtlm.
Mtngytrcttmlch,ctingchungca,mramca,tilontontheosau.Khicamtoang,harachtiv,nhngthngchqu,haichnchsng
vkhngic,mcnganhkoxexcnchhaibn,chitngbc.Nghetingmtigivi,chTrenchyra,cngchtilngcvtngitrn
gingtrongphngch.Tibnkhonnhnch,mcigiyvi(thiyTrungQucthngigiyvi,sangthigiyda)vbttra,tithytngngnchn
chsngty,dantnvchymu.MangvngNamKinhlnhlm,ctuytdy.Ticnnh,cnhiuhmrtcng,trongnhkhngclsi,tayti
cngnmckhngcmcavcm.Gtchnvngnchnlnhbutnmcmunhbnglivauau,m"ng"tht,vaubut...n
matrim,mutchntanra,gtchnvngnchnngartkhchu.y,gianhtitrongnhgchxykincvmpcnblnhcngnhvy.
Hunghnhcatrngnuitmlnhcpbn,nungkhamkh,thiuthnmib.Vdnh,mtihaynuncnngngmchnchoti,do
"cc"sngnhthi.Cntrng,chtilmgciukinnhvy,chonnchblncctrmtrng.Ngaychaibntaychcngmnglnvcc,ch
khngcmca.Hngngymchochtingmchntrongncnngphamui,nhngchntdachymucraschribithucm.Ngyba
bamtivccchbngthcnlnphng,vchtikhngilic.Mingysau,chtibnhphc,dathmthtchkhngtiutynhhmmiv.
Chxintrngchonghphpmtthngchabnh,nmchnTtnh.
Nhngngychnghphpvnh,nhiumbamconnmchungvbaogichticngnmgiakchuyncucsngtrng.Sngnocngchc
babtchohoavidamuimn.Ngychchaibacmrauda,cuitunmicchtthtlnm,mingitranhnhaun."Connmibababtcm
y,nunchmshtcm.Hngngynngcngnhmamingithayphinnhauihidu,igiabicrtnguyhim,angibtthnrncb
qua.Vngcnhiuloirnmutrng,muxanh,,en,hoavncconmnhdtdttrngrtlmt.mhcngnhmang,phithaynhautrc
chotmn.Martngikhngclsikhngsao,nhngtmnhtthitphiclsigim.Hphimtoangcachothong,thmchnngqu
phicqut.trnhruimuichchvotm,phngnuitmphicmntrngtrmkn,v.v...Mangkhngchnm,chngconchainging
chung...Mtbuiti,vanxongthnhncththym.Conchyvophngkhchbtnlncth.Conngtalngvomtbnlmvickcnh
casknhngchtvngoitrigirtlm.angcthchmchbngthysnglnglnh,vtnhngonhunhnraphasau.Conthyngoicaknh
cmtnginbtcxa,mcotrng,angdanghaicnhtayhda,conshthnvlnhcngngi.Valc,ccbnconvanichuynoang
oangvathnhlangiti.Khibngmabinmt...".
Tithythngchvcng.Tronglngtrth,tikhngkhithmontrchthymvngh:nucnhhcihc,chtiunnikhsnhvy?
Mingitrongnhaicngcnomsungsng,ringchbyanigiankh?Vsaumchobit,brtmunchochhcihc,vlicngl
nguynvngvcmcach.Nhnghcphihcrtcao,trongnhnuiccngchcchmng...Nhvy,vicchochihcckhkhnvkinht.
"Thmconctngthymgiulm,chonnnuinhiunginhvy".
Mtici:"Chcmitinlngcathythi,lmsaomgiuc?".
Cln,tithcmc:"Saoccchkhngilmvickimtini?Saoccchnhmnhngvluth?".
Bci:"Concnnhdi,chahiugcon.Cmconkhngcnilungtungnhvariviccchnh,koccchbun...hiulmthym.ilmphi
ctrnhnghnghip.Trongccch,chcmichLQuangHoacthyconxincvicilmthi,bivchrnhchHnhn,vitchNhortp.
Chychlmmiviclsaochpcngvn,bocothi.Chchachctrngquns,chonnlngthngcachccmi30ngthi...".
"Thchcatinnchomkhng?"
"Cch,chhiuthymckhkhn,chonnmithngam20ng,10ngchitiuccthltvt.ChTrenlmnghcttc,mithngam
nm,bang".
Tm,tihim,chatihngthngabbaonhiutin.Btrli:
"Hngthngthycona220ng,chgi20ngnsng,ngybnlnngixekotnhncquanvvnh,cnttinthyconhtthucl...".
Blinitip:"Thtrathyconsngrttntin.Khinocnhngvic"thtc"(mibnbinunghaychimchc)mphiathmvibachc.
Nhngckhinhngbithyvitcng,haylmcngvicgcquanctinthng,thyliamvbitnhmnhcntinnuiccchm...".
"Stinkhongbaonhiuhm".
"Cngkhngchng,khithdmbachc,khithvitrm.Nhngkhi,mvngilittinchothycontiuthmkhicnthit".
Mgiithchthm:"Ccchcngchngmunnbmnhmnhu,con,vcunc,ccchphisangTrungQuc...".
Thtraccllchnhtrtikhnghiug,dolisngvnhngcuchuynbnvthicuctrongbancmti(batrachativnginpnvivibtri
lnnhnghchiuilm)dndnmtcighnhthnhtrongti,tuymithcnlm,nhngnkhintinhycmhnvcthcgiknli
sngtronggianhvvhnhtrungcccuchuynmangtnhchtchnhtr(khitikhongnmtuiri,sutuig,nghaltu1936tri).
Trongnhngmingn,mnhmtikhnglmxu,mtschnhc,Giai,Lc,Thc,Vngipmtilmcm,dnbn,bci,rabtv.v...ccvic
vttronggianh.
Bngcnhnghm,trongnhxuthinnhiungi,trongcmtchrthinha,hayxoauvhihanti,lchLiu(saunylPhngChKin).
Cchcaoto,gingnimm,tingcisngkhoi,lchTrnhngHi(VAnhv.v...Nhnghmchaticngccchhphnhbniug
phngtrongcatngmt.Ntmtmingitrangnghim,ninngnhnh,krangivo.MticngccchThc,c,Giai,LcvVnlolaudn,ch
bavcmnc.
Trongsnhngnginnhti,cmtnhnvtrtngnghnh,mtibo:"ConchobcNguynHiThnicon!".Nghalngyvichatixpxtui
nhau(saunytimibitnglngicngxutdngngdunhchati).ngcbrudhoarm,thatht,imtnguydvlunnhpnhy,
thnhthongrtchickhnmixoacubnlaudmt.Tikhngkhikuthmtrongbng:"Eoi,bcylithivbnthuqu!".Ngnhtkhingniting
VitvimingihayphalntingQungng,vdkhitthitnthnhkinngita,ngni:"Hyl,hyl(phiri,phiri)tngponhttnhtn
thnhl(ngbonhtnhtnthnhl!".Mcknhcangmtbncquai,mtbnbucdyeovotai.Haimtknhttxungumikhicbo,mi
lnnhnmtmingi,ucigm,ngccpmtclnnhnquaiknh.Bongmccktnt,trmlntmthnhomhem,trngcthytiti
lmsaoy.
Saunymtik,saukhingduthtbi,NguynHiThnvQungChu.Vkhngcmttrnhnghnghipg,ngphingiungxchxem
bichongiquali,kimsng,songcucsngvnhtscchtvt.nglymtbvngiQungngmtlcon,chonngianhcngtngbnhn.
"ThyconvitthmingvNamKinhthnhlpmttrn,ngnhittnhhngngngay".
Khiriri,mtimanggiybtranhNguynHiThnvitg.nggptgiylmnhiuvung,ritriphngtrnbn.Tayphicmbtlng,taytri
bmtngtngntaytnhtnhtonton,nilmbmrivitquanhtrongccvung,onlybtkhuyntrnmtsch.Titrnmtnhnvotgiyy
ch.Mhig,ngtrli:"Hyl,hyl,saonyxulml...saonythtt...".Vsautimibitnglystvi,mtini:"nglystvigii,nhng
lunonkhnggii".Ngheththbitth,tikhngthhiuctvilg,vmlychoai,lmg.Vchatibanngyphiilmviccquan,tin
mihpnhaubncngvic.Vylbanngy,mtingicnhxemnglystvi,ticmthyngdngvhtscngnghnh,gingccngthybingoi
ng,ngoichtht.tlngknhtrng,ccchginglcNguyn[1].
Mtbuisng,chati,ngNguynHiThnvccchkonhauimintramiv.Vnnh,ccchbntnvuivsini.Ccchc,Giai,Lc
v.v...gipmtilmcm.Byccmnnrtthnhsonlnmtbntrnphngn,mtbnvungphngtrong(vngngiquphibyhaibn).Cn
tingiringmtgc.ngNguynHiThnngicnhchati,vichLiu(PhngChKin),chCao(CaoHngLnh),Hoa(LQuangHoa),TnDn(L
ThitHng)v.v...quanhbntrn.Buicmtramingicncuabin.TilnutinvcnglcuicngcncuabinTrungQuc.Khongby,
tmgiti,mingivongiphngtrong,ccbnbylalitkobnh.Trconthchkobnh,chonntihmticnthathch.Chtivmtbn
gibiudinhtma,ccchvtayhoannghnhsini.
Tihm,cmthy"vuiilvui"tibutmmnhmtcu:"Ginhhmnocngkhaihi(hp)nhththvuibitmy".Bngmingiphlncito.
Mttinngran,xxungvnghthm:"Mnhningquchl,ngilnchahaycitrcon,thtlvl!...".Sauccchnichuynrmran,mtti
dpli,mbtilngcng.
Snghmsautnhdythynhvngvnhc,chmingNguynHiThnlinhmtthigiankhongvibatunritrvQungng.lkhong
cuinm1935,unm1936.
Mivsautimibitlunm1936,ngythnhlp"VitNamclpvnngngminhhi",theothiquengittcaTrungQucgil"VitMinh",
nghaenlHingminhcaphongtroclpVitNam.Mtik:
"Vchaconthyccchnhngnhvymkhngcdanhnghagdgynghinglcngsn,chLTnDn(tcchQucVng)rtngh,vch
thybnQucdnngVitNamhotngcsngcm,licbnQucdnngTrungQuchiptr,chnginhhngcachng.Chtraoivi
chMnhVnLiu(PhngChKin,idincang)vcchLiungh.ThyconvitnnghvichnhphQucdnngTrungQucchophp
thnhlphi,mtkhcgiintrnhbynguynvngthnhlphiviTngGiiThch.Tngtinthyconkhngphilcngsn,xtvludingtac
thlidngthyconvidanhnghagipVitNamnhPhp,dongtangngay,ralnhcpdikvngduchunychothyconthnhlphi.V
thyconcngchLQuangHoa,chHi(PhiVn),sonthoratuynngn,iulhi...ngtrntborahngthng,lytnl"VitThanh".Ttcmichi
phudothymchi.LcuhyvngphachnhphQucdnngTrungQucsgipkinhphhotng.NhngbnVingTng[2]dmphavi
chnhphTrungQuc,chonntborachaikthng1vthng2nm1936thnhphinhbn...".
"Aicnhngbo?"
"CcchgiichoVitkiuQungng,QungTy,VnNam,cPhpna.Vitkiugitinnghhi,nhngVitkiuTrungQuccngngho,s
tinchngngk,nhngnglichtrngcaHicVitkiungh,con".
"Cuicnghinhthno?Hotngcnhngg?"
Mtici,trli:
"Cquanngnlun"VitThanh"phinhbn,dohikhnghotngc.ThyconvanhTnDnbnvinhaucth,khngtuynbgiitn,
ccchtrongnhmnhcdanhnghahivin"VitMinh"
"ThngNguynHiThnkhnglmgchohi?"
Mkhcini:"Lcungphnkhilm,ngnivithyconnuhihotngtt,ngsbnghthybi,liNamKinhlmvicchohi.ngcng
chynonhiunixinkinhph,nhngkhngchiuqug,dongnhmnhgnmtthng,cuicngphibvQungngvivcon...ngcng
sangNhtcngthyconthingDu.Saukhiclnhtrcxutluhcsinh,mtsnginnchbvnc,mtsngivohctrngsquanlcqun
Bonhnhthycon.NguynHiThnkhnghchnhgc,bvkimsngQungng.Lpngihctrngsquanracngmingimtsphn.
Cngisaukhittnghiptmngvncribgithi,ngithmcht,v.v...Thcra,victhnhlphiVitMinhcngrtphctp.Lcuccch
khngngmiNguynHiThnvVingTng(QucdnngVitNam)thamgiaVitMinh.Thyconphntchvthuytphcmi,rng:"Tnhith
hintinhthnlinminhccngphitrongphongtroutranhginhclpdntc.Numnhkhngmihvo,sgysnghingivichnhphTrung
Quc.Hnnachngtanncttngonktrngrivtranhthhtscmitnglp,ccngphi,khngthcchmngkhthnhcng..."."Ccch
nisaohm?","Ccchnhchpnhnkinthy,nhngthmtmkhngphc.Ccchchorngthyconchnhtrnon,thiuquanimlptrng...".
"Thyconnghsao?"
"Ttnhinlnhngkinnisaulng...Mkli,thyconcibo:"Tnhkhthanhninbaogicngsini,hnghi(ngdngch"cngcng")v
thngthn.Nhnghlnhngthanhnintt,thtlngvsnghipcunc.Cchmngphidavolclngny.Bchctivt,ngchpnht
nhngcunicathanhnin...nhngbhaynngtnh,phisatnhi.Vchngmnhxutdngtmngcunc,vymchalmcgth
giri.Nayanhemtrongnh,bngnilinhtinhanhemhiulm.Bphicoinuiccanhemlmtnghavcamnh,b.Ngithchdpihc
LinX,ngithchdpvnchotng.Hcngstrutvkhtmlmy.Nugpthic,hsiht,bcmi,hcngkhnglinhmnh
u...".
Nhngtilmcmthyccchchquchatithi.
**
VslnhocangngullnhtHChMinhvitintrnhthnhlp"VitNamclpvnngngminhhi"(gittlVitMinh)nm1936ti
NamKinh,xintrchdnhik"TiclmngihctrnhcaBcH"caThiutngLThitHng(ngtrnTpchLchsQunss101986).
"...Cngtrongthigianny,ticngchMnhVnLiu(PhngChKin)thaymtBanlnhohingoigptigiaochomtnhimvtxutltheo
diVHngKhanh,NghimKT...ngvinVitNamQucdnngcvatCnMinh(thphVnNam)lnNamKinh,xemhcmmugthphikp
thiutranhngnchn.Anhni,gingkhngvui:Ngimnhvingimnh,trntncngi.Cgngliko,phnha,cmhah,chtcngv
hiuha.Anhdntip:VicnyrtcnnsngtnhnhttrnghcangHHcLm...
ValcngHHcLmachotimtlthcamtngiVitNamnNamKinhbbncvTngGiiThchbtgi,nhngHHcLmbolnh.
XemththharangchngA,ngicatchctaphincngtcviti.NgoingchngA,tchccnphithmmtvingchkhcna.
Quatmhiu,ticngrVHngKhanh,NghimKT...lmtbnucchnhtr,gidanhcchmng.ChngphnlinglicaVitNamQucdn
nghicncclnhtNguynThiHc,PhcChnh,NguynKhcNhu...htnhTngGiiThchphnlingliTamdnchnghacaTn
TrungSn.
SaucucbongcaVitNamQucdnngthng2nm1930bthtbi,VHngKhanh,NghimKTvngbnchytrnsangCnMinh,lmnhng
vicxngby.Gny,chngbtngLongVn,tnhtrngVnNamtrcxut,bnchylnNamKinh,nhlikoNguynHiThn,TrngBiCng...khi
phcliVitNamQucdnng,theongliTamdnchnghacaTnDtTin.VttnhincuxinsgipcachnhquynTngGiiThch.
TrongingQucdnngTrungHoalc,khngthiugkangmpmtthmhimsaunyivitncVitNam.
LThitHngvittipvqutrnhthnhlpVitMinhnhsau.ChtrngcatchcngngulngchPhngChKinlonktcclclng
cchmng,tinbcaVitNamtiTrungHoachngqucPhp,qunphitNht,ngthinghcuckhngchinchngNhtcanhndnTrungQuc.
LyingngvincngsnngDnglmnngct,chtrngvnngmtsnhnsVitNam,bconVitkiu,tranhthsnghcamts
nhnsTrungQucvicthnhlpMttrn,vihtnhnonktlngHHcLm.ihithnhlpMttrncngibiucctchccchmng
VitNamTrungQuc,idincaTrungngQucdnngTrungHoa,cangccTrungQuc,ngHHcLmcbulmChtchMttrn.L
ThitHngvNguynHiThn,VHngKhanh,NghimKT(haitnnycngbucphithamgia)vmtvingvincngsnbmtcbulmy
vinBanchphnh.Vtichnh,ngccTrungQucnhnmithnggipvitrmng.Mttrnquytnhramttbohngthng,lytnlVitThanh.
ngLThitHngvittip:
Banlnhohingoicangtanhgicaovicny.Mtcnghaivic:vahpphphactchccchmngcatavingccTrungQucv
ngnchncmmuphncchmngcabnVHngKhanh,NghimKT...
DobochcngkhaiNamNinhcngtinvvicnynnMcTKhoa,ngchNguyniQucnmc.VQuctcngsncngbitquatintc.
Lclnhngnm19351936.Trcnguycchintranhthgiicabnquc,Quctcngsncchtrngthnhlpmtmttrnchngchin
tranhquc,bovhabnhrngrikhpccnc.VitNamtchccmtMttrn.Phichngtheophnghngnitrn?ngchNguyni
QucsaukhicbocoylinchthchoBanlnhohingoicangta:Mttrnlphiccsphongtrotrongnc.DoMttrn
khngthtntivphttrincngoinc.
ChphnhchthcangchNguyniQucvcabanlnhohingoi,tivbocolivingHHcLm.Haibcchuunhttr:Khngtuynb
giitnn,nhngcngkhnghotnggthmna,cny,saunylcnocnsdngndy.
unhngnm1940,khianhLTnDntLoHKhuchuynvLiuChutinchocngtcvihiVitMinh,chaticvitthvnhchomconti
bit.TheohikcaanhThitHng,vicnyldoBcHyucuchatispxpkhihaingibmtgpnhaucuinm1939.
TrongChngIIIvchngIVcaHikTnhndnmra,itngVNguynGipckvnhnggiaodchcaccanhLmBKit,DngHoiNam,
TrnhngHi,PhngChKin,CaoHngLnh,LQuangHoavichnhimtynamhnhdinhcaQucdnng,tngLTThm.Vvicny,chati
cnirngLTThmdnidnlirngchcCngsnVitNamTrungHoalidngdpnyvnchotng.
DngKVinhltrmcvthntncaTngGiiThchcxpthnhdinhcaLTThmngmgimstL.
Theoccnhcchmngtinbikli,mthm,DngKVinhnthmchatibnhvin.ngtanivichatirngnhmthanhnintrongVitMinh
chnhlcngsn.Chatip:VicchmngVitNam,ccngchagipcg,nhngvphnringnhcnhnngchnghn,thnhcchmng
VitNammphttihngtriu.ngmunmthanhnintrcachngtilmtnhbochomnhthkhngcu,hlnhngngicchmng.Vngli
kokhngc,nnvuchohlcngsnchg?Nungnihlcngsnthnghytmchocchngc,tislyciucatimbochoh.
Sau,DngKVinhkhnggpchatina.ngtacnnichaticynhiutuinitngta.
**
VaitrtcdngcaMttrnVitMinhtrongtintrnhvnngcchmngnhngnmuthpk40hingoiccclothnhcchmngnhV
Anh,LThitHng,CaoHngLnh,ngVnCpphnnhtrongtuyntpHikungun,NXBVnHc,1977.
ngVAnh(TrnhngHi)vitvvaitrcaVit
Namclpngminhhithiktgianm1940nhsau[3]:
(Thngsu1940)BcHlnngigpTrungngngCngsnTrungQucTrngKhnh.TrckhiiBcdni,dnlichngtinhphichun
bmimtBcvcthlnngvncngay..
BcichnmttunthnhchngtinhncthcHHcLm.Lcbygicgi,vhu.VchintranhnncnghdnglotiQuChu,
thphQuDng.CchochngtibithinnaybntchinkhunhaTrngBiCng(trclmquanchoTngvhu)rathnhlpmtt
chccchmng(chardanhnghag)nhmtphpsthanhninVitNamTrungQucvnhngngiTrungQuclunmVitNamchunbcho
HoaqunnhpVit.TheocLm,TrngBiCngxanaykhngctinhthncchmng,vcngchathamgiamttchccchmngno.ngtach
davothlccabnTngmucnhn.TrngBiCngctrnhbycaychocLmvtmunmicthamgianhmlidngdanh
nghacaclikothanhninta.CLmbnvichngtinnnhanhchngthuxplngpTrngBiCng,nucththgianhptchcnykim
ngvncddnghn.CbochochngtibitccngsnhnliTrngBiCngmthamgiatchccayvimcchphchocenti
cachng,khngchnglmbymangtingxuchocchmngVitNam.ChngtilihpbHingoinhanhKin(PhngChKin)tholun.C
baunhttrlnnlidngtchccaTrngBiCngtmngvnc.Nhngsilmnhiut.tuibangi,lngpTrngBiCng
trc,xemxttnhhnhritmcchbocolichonhbitChngtibnlunvaxongthBcv.
Milncbincgmi,cBclchngtiyntm.Saukhinghebocolitonbtnhhnh,Bcngvichngtivnghnhinchoanhng,
anhGipvanhLnhngiDinAnnamliQuChu,chchngtilnbncngtc.
ChngtiithaingynQuDng.Anhng,anhGipvanhLnhchchngtiy.ChngtibocolikincaBcchoccanhngherir
nhauvLiuChu.KhichngtinchTrngBiCngththycLm.ChngtilidxtTrngBiCngmtthigianvphthintnny
chlmtginipcaTngGiiThch.ChngtivigithvbocoviBc.
Bahmsau,BctiLiuChu.TinBckhchsnLiuChu.Bchnngy,hnaimmittcccanhngpBc.
Cucgpmtctinhnhsaumthm,tirngthngLiuChu.TtcuthngnhtlphismcttquanhviTrngBiCng.
Bctrachochngtihaivntholun.
TatchritchccaTrngBiCnglnQu
LmthphinhndanhmttchcgchohpphpvibnTng.
Phikimcchvnc,cngsmcngtt.
Haivnnyukhnhnhau,cngphctp,cp
bchnhnhau.Nnhhaicontonrcrilmucchngticngthng.
Saumthitholunsini,mttiasngmilo
lntrongucchngti.
AnhHoanbocoviBcvVitNamclpng
minhhi.HinythnhlptthngGingnm1936,docHHcLmngu.ThnhvinchnhlcbygicanhHoan,anhLThitHngVpha
QucDnngcNghimKTvmtsngikhcna.HixutbntboVitThanh,sinhhottiNamKinh.Khithnhlpcbocolnnhng
ccTngGiiThch.GiytvncnnhngHictandn.AnhHoannghlmmtttrnh,cLmkrimanglntchinkhu.
Bcngvthm:
Tacthlidngtchcny.Nhngphini
nhthnochngkhngbtbcta.TinghchngtabolninCngsnhlthngGingnm1936tacthnhlpVitNamclpngminh
hi.Hinyhotngmtthigianrivnchotng.BygitrongncliphimtscnbralpmtbphncaHi,gilVitNamclp
ngminhhiHingoibinsx.ChngtaccLmlmchnhimvngchLmBKit[4]lmphchnhim.
Ngngmtlc,Bcnithm:
Lmnhthkhngnhngchngtahpphp
hoctchccachngtay,mvnquantrnghnlchngtacncthyludi,lmnhiuvickhc,gimiquanhgiataviTrung
Quc, nht l vi t chin khu phng vic Hoa qun nhp Vit. Lm th no khi chng nhp Vit, chng ta ngay trong nc, v, vi danh
nghaVitNamclpngminhhi,chngtacthnghongbucchngphinichuynvichngta.
SaukhiVitNamclpngminhhiHingoi
binsxcthnhlp,Bcngchochngtitchcmtbuinichuyngythanhthvitchinkhu.
BuinichuynctchctrongmttrnghclnQuLm,c4caivo.Micakmtchicbnln.Aivonghethkvotgiyy.Hmyanh
ngnibngtingPhp,anhGipnibngtingTrungQuc.Nginnghertng,nhngrttrtt,nnp
[1]Nhngnm19121915,dislnhocaPhanBiChu,NguynHiThncthamgiamtshotngvtrangnhPhp.ylnhngvvicmanh
ng,dnnthtbi.TuynhinnhmNguynHiThnvngycuytnnhtnhtrongngiVithingoi.
[2]Lclidin(phtrch)BinsscaVitNamqucdnngNamKinh.
[3]Hikungun,NXBVnHc,1977,tr.246249
[4]TcngPhmVnng.
5/18/2017 Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm[IV]
Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm[IV]
HMLA
Thba,07Thng7201506:39
fontsize
ChngIV
Nhngngicchmng
MtihaykchuynvThiLai(HHuyTp),LHngPhong,LTnAnh,Duy(NguynThMinhKhai)vLuQucLong,v.v...lnhngngigii,bni:
"ivicccch,mkhnghticmtcig,hlnhngngiluntsnghipcunclntrnht,hlnhngngicnhncchln".
Trongmtbancmmtmvt,mtiklimtchuynvuichoccchtrongnhtinghe:"Hmnhnmmtm,nhnlcLong(LuQucLong)
ngtra,TnAnhbimmtmvolmiLong.Ngtrady,Longkhtkhtmi,myanhbmnhauci,Longngivongi,voorivonhtm.Saukhi
ralmvicmtlc,Longlikhtkhtmiphnnn:Qui,mnhtmraschs,saovncmimmtmnh?Nixonglingingibntay,ngiclnbn
lmvic:Qui,chclukhngnmmtm,hmnaynngonvnnhiuqu,minghimimmtm.Nixonglivonhvsinhnhrng,khiramingi
ciphln,Thun(LPhngThun)hi:"Thno,htmicha?".Longnhulngmyni:ccmthyphngphtuytrongphng(lphngng)
nycmimmtm...TnAnhchtmtmci.Thunci:Bntibimmtmvomianh.Longcihinlnhni:"By,byqu"rilivonhtm
lyxphngthmralmi...Duythsayvchnhtr,hngheainivthicucccnc,ccngyngiranghe,quncn.ThunngicnhDuy,bit
ckhngnct,nhnlcDuychmchnghemingibnluntnhhnhccnctbnChuu,Thunchomingtvobt,rigpmingthtt
lntrn.Duykhnghaybitg,mtthnghe,taythvmingcm,nphitcayx,mt,ncmtrnra.Duykuln:"Mnhgpphimingtmkhng
bitgc".Mingiciphln,ThiLai(HHuyTp)minikhnghiuchuyng,vngngc:"ThunlyngayccnclnhchoDuyung".Thun
bngccncchoDuy,bo:"Taochotvobtmi".Duyvaungncvaxutxoa,valauncmt:"Conkh!"ricini:"AnhThiLai,anhnitip
i!".
Ccchnghechmchvthv,cnmtivakvacikhoich.Tichmchnghevhnhdungcnhtruahmhnhgiaccch,cccthi.
Nhnghulnhngnhnvttihontonkhngbitmt,hnhtivonhngnmticharai.vtingmhiu,trckia,cngtngcnhiu
ngitheocchmngtintrongnh,nhccchbygi,chringLPhngThunltibitmt.
Mticnk,khisinhrati,bkhngcsa,ticnuilnbngsab,cchBnhhaychmbanchoti,khitinibpb,hayku:"Bnh,b!".Mi
lntikunhvy,thchliniphasachotin.Tihi:"ChBnhuri?Nhmnhcnhchkhng",btrli:"Ccchtun,thymcng
khnghi,riiucngkhnghi,lmtnguyntcthathunngmvinhau...gilhotngbmt,nhngvickhngthucphnsmnhkhng
nnbitcon...Do,saukhirikhinhmnh,mcngkhngbittungtchcccchThiLai,Bnh,Duyv.v...rasao.
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclam 1/11
CnchLuQucLong,nghechTnDnni,saukhirinhmnhvhotngThngHi.Mthmnchhnhpmt,chmtrnvibnmtthm
Php,chLongbchngsnuirorit,chchylntngcaocatanhnhyxungtuntit.
TikhngbitmtchLong,nhngtrongthmtmlunlmhiuhlnhngngi"khngbnhthng",yuncvbtchphimnguyhotngcu
nc,dochamtimilnnhcnhutthihtscntrng.CntikhinghechLuQucLonghysinh,tivcngthngticvcmphc.
Mthm,chLTnDntnvvnhchi,trongbacmtrachhi:"Nyccng,cthmthtchkhng?".Mingihngng,tithchquchm
mtcu:"Chucngthmthtchlmri!".Cnhcim,tccchphongchDnl"cunhctngqun",cntil"cunhctiuth".Ticngrt
khoicibithiu,milnccchgi"Cunhctiuthi",tithvcittmt.Nichung,ngiTrungQuckhngnthtch(trngiQungng).
Snghmsau,tithytrongnhsini,nhnnhphnlnnhmtngyhi.Tichyxungbp,haraccchxmnhaummtconchcoschlng.
Batrahm,trnbnbymyabtypnodich,nonhamn,noxpch,chchnngthmphc,vmtagichcthimng(
lmnnthmmm,dnhringchochaconchngti,vchatirngrngnhiuchic,cntirngh,rngsn,dokhngncccmnkhc).
Theomk,haichDn,Trnngthmmymingthtbbcnhc,ravngngoithnhnithangivobuichiuti,mtngiitrcnmthtb,d
chitheomnhtichvng,ngiisauphangmtgythtmnhlnuchcholnquaykhngkpku,haingivitngconchvobaoti,xchv
nhlmtht.Clnhainginhchkungng,chnhchyrartui,haichchybnsngbncht.Vylcnhmuncbathtchthnhson,
cngphitnnhiu"cmu"vcngphuratr.ChonnsuthainmTamSnL,"cunhctiuth"lticngchcnthtchchailnmthi.
Mtbuichiuriri,mtixungngichitrchuynviccchphngngoi,chLQuangHoachicvichThc,chTrnhngichura,chng
A(TrnQucTun)cbo,mychc,Giai,Lcv.v...ngihngmtcnhqut.Chchimti:
"Chi,bntinghenicngNguyniQucbnPhpgiilm,phikhngch?".
clinhcitmlng,mtikvanhvchccchuynvnhnvtkthsiuphmny.Nol"Bncotrngchnghathcdn"lmchnngdlun
thgiinolthcdnPhprasclngsckhpmini,nhngkhnglmsaobtcng.NolLThy,tcNguyniQuc,btngbAnhbtHng
Cng,cuicngmtlutstinbAnhcitrngnchongLThyv.v...Ccchhhcmmranghe.
CnkhictrthcatihnhdungNguyniQucngicaoln,ptrai,hotngynhxutqunhpthn...Ttnhintikhngnhnthcc
ccvnchnhtr,bivtimikhongnm,sutui.
Mthm,mlik:"LPhngThunchithnvichDuy,kvitirngDuyimNguyniQuclm,chccgpNguyniQuc...Mtlntchc
btrDuylmvchnggivimtngchThngHi.Cnphngchkccmtgingi.mn,haingibucphinmchungmtging.
ChDuylychnxpli,ngniciging,vbtnsngtrngng.ngchctchni,chDuylitchnlichc,ngchttnithch
Duylibtnln,lmnhthviln,ngchnguyntrng.HaingivinhaucmtthngthtchcliiuchDuyilmcngvickhc.Khi
ThunvDuygpnhau,Thunhmhnhhi:"Thno,cmangchami?".ChDuyni:"Conkh,ngitasngvinhauvitcchvchnggicm".V
chkliuuistnhchochThunnghe.ChThunni:"Triiltri,ngc,chnhlngchNguyniQucy!".ChDuychtlngi...
Mychtmtckhen:"ngchNguyniQucctht!".
Tihim:"ThchThuncngThngHi?"
"ChThunlyanhHTngMu,chaithngcontraiThngHi.Vphihotngcchmng,vlicngkhngckinhtnuicon,cuicngchai
aphichongitalmconnui...".
Nm1930,anhHTngMubbttrongnc,chThunkhngchc,bnlyanhBiHiThiu.Khiacongiulng,chnnhphngch
DicLanvithng,sauanhBiHiThiunhaimconinikhc,iumtikhngr.Thikchtitrngnuitmvokhongunm1935,
sauTtmlchnmtHi.
Mtilngihaychuyn,nhticnghenhiuchuynvchamnhvccch.Nm1988,khichik"TiclmngihctrnhcaBcH"
caLThitHngnivvicchatilytinmtchongCngsnTrungQuc,tikhngkhingcnhinvgitmnh.Quangmli,chatibitbntnh
mhayniraccchuynmnhbit,do,khinglmcngtctnhbochongCngsnTrungQucviLQucVng,nggisaochomtitnhkhng
bitmttg.Vnuhaichemchngticngbitchuyn,vcnhngnginhLQuangHoav.v...cngsbit,thsrtnguyhim.VnuLThitHng
khngcngbhik,chcchncuchuynbmtnyshontoncmlng.Ticmphcchativnghrngnglmnhvylng.Nhtrnticng
tngni,mtitnhnngvthngkhngngch.
Mtbacmtravongychnht,mingivanvachuyntrvuiv,khnghiumtinicug,cthxcphmnccch.Chatinigin
pmnhghmtiangngicnhng,bnglnxungt,chatilychnb,qut:
"Sngphibitnghch,nnithcngheckhng?".
Haichgichtlychatikhiphingimti.Cnmtivmtbitmnhsainhnghiuthngvnni:"Thcpi...".Tivas,vathng
m,khcaln.
ngitivnnhnhincnhtngbacmhm.llnutincngllnduynhttithychatiniginvim.Saukhiccchmtingi
lngh,chatinvibtcmriblnnh...
Byginghli,hnmtihaylmmchlngccchtrongnh.Nm1967,68g,mtlnnnhngHongVnHoanPhannhPhng,tihi:
"Chi,thychucnglngithiuquanimlptrngphikhngch?ngcngsncngho,Qucdnngcngho,phikhngch?".
ngcini:"Thlchuchahiuthymnhrichu.Trongi,chchmnphcvknhtrngnhthaingi,lcngThcHa,khngqunmi
giannan,bnchivcchmngvthychu.Thychukhngphingvin,nhnglngicngsnngoing.Thychudmlmbtcvicgcli
chong,thcsngkhngnhbtcvicgvlunphnbitrtrngen,phitri..."
"Mchuthsao?Mchuxutnhphikhngch?".
ngsuynghmtlt:
"Mchulngiphnthngminh,scso,nhngtnhtnhrtthtthng...nncanhemtrongnhkhnghilng...Chonnthychuniviccch:
Ttcmichuynanhemhynhnvoti,nhnvotithi...
Vokhongthpkbymi,clntihianhLThitHng:
"Thyemlconngithno?TisaokhngvongCngsnhanh?".
Anhtrli:"Thylconngituytvi,mtlngvng,khngvongcngchngnhhngthichnhtrngncathy..."
"Cnmthlmmtlngccchtrongnhphikhng?".
Anhni:Sinhnnhiulnkhngnuic,milnsinhuphidngthucmlyabra,nnmemmcchngtmthnphnlit,bygivchng
emcngrtkhvtnhmphikhng?Khimnilinhtinhlkhiuckhngtnhto,nhngccanhemtrongnhkhnghiu.Thcramhontonkhng
ticmingniviccanhem.BcHclnhianh:HnhnhbHHcLmcchngtmthnphikhng?".
TigitmnhvnhnxtcaBcH.
Mtirtthovnhncchvhnhvicachati.KhiTrungHoaTrongtschgianhvnlugi"Binhstpch"vbhaygiithiuchoccchtrong
nhc.Hnhnhccchkhnglyglmtnthngccbilunvnchnhtrcachatingtrongtpch,khinmtibcxclm.Trongmtbacm
tra,khikhngcchatinh,bni:"ngHHcLmcngchngticmtcigvianhemcchmng,kctnhmngcamnh.MtlnanhC(Nguyn
LngBng)tThngHiinchongnhti,nhcumtngchbtnhnghilcngsn,angbbtbtvcnguycbxbn.KhingLmgp
trmcvTrnThnh,nghhnthabng,Trntrli:Cngsnlkthchungcathgii,dlngiVitNam,chnhphTrungQucbtccng
cquynxthnh,chonnkhngththc!.ngLmphigiinthngchoTngGiiThchvni:NgiVitNamcnglngiyuncnh
ti.Saunynuccngtmcchngc,vtimphithnhmthtixinlyucamnhthvo.CuicngTngralnhth.Tngccunichng
Cngkhtting:Thgitnhmmttrmngicnhnthnhmmtngi.mnoVHoaicngctingsng,githnglotthanhninbtnhnghil
cngsn.ThmchhchnsnghngtrmthanhninVHoai.ylnhngtinmtngLmnmc.ngLmchngquanhcnmtrntht,nu
cn,chngthtkhinomchngc".
Chuynchaticungboyuncticnghemtiklihailn,nnnhrtk.Nmtimimihaitui,nhlicuchuyn,tihimcnh
ngchlaikhng,mtini:"Mquntn,vthyconcuanhemcngsnnhiuln...".VsautichianhLThitHng,anhtrli:"Anhcngc
nghechuyn,nhngqunkhngnhlai...".
Banngychnhtthngtihnmingyvtrongbanmingicngtrchuynrmrhn.Chatini:"Canhbnngs,thymnhlmvic
chm ch, c hiu qu thc s, anh ta ni: H Hc Lm, anh lm vic tt nh vy m vn ch l trung t, sao khng tm gp Bch Sng Hy, L T Thm ni
chuynhctnhccho.Mnhtrli:
nhcchithnvinhaulctrng"Bonhqunhiu",nhngnayhultnglnhcpcao,mnhngpcnglmphinngita.Hlibn
trmcngnghnvic...
HHcLmilHHcLm,anhkhitnhqu...".
Hoc:"TrckiahtnggimnhvoQucdnng...".Mtchhi:"Thcbosao?".
Lcumnhmchoquachuyn.Vsautrongmtlnchuyntrtrnbnmtchc,mnhni:Ccngxem,tilngincngoi,liuccngctin
tnghontontikhng?
Saokhngtin,lmvicvingbaonhiunmtri,hiungquch.
Mnhci:Ccngtin,nhngtchcticaoctinkhng?...TilhctrcaPhanBiChutinsinh,nayngybbt,ticngcphnnnch,thisng
quangy,nuivcon,chngmngcngdanhsnghipnau....
Nixong,chaticihah,rinitipviccch:Khlm,khlm,khngnginu.MnhvihcnglsquanBTngthammuthty,nhng
ngsngdmng.
SdtinhcuchuynhmvlctivntngQucdnngltt,khinghecuchuyncachalmtingng,phnvnmi.Vsautihim:
"Qucdnngcttkhnghm?".Mcinitrnhi:"Hilmgvicngiln...Qucdnngkhngxu,nhngconkhngcnichuynlinhtinh
vingingoiunh!"."Thngsngdmnglnghathno?","Nghalnmchungmtgingnhngchimbaokhcnhau!","Khcnhaunhthno
c?","Hlmquanchctcthngquantinchc,vinhgiaphthn...Cnchaconchmongcunc,thotchnl,hiucha?"
Tnhngcuchuyntrongccban,dndntithccchhngcachammnhvccchlcunc,nghalsaunylnlnmnhcngphi
cunc.Ttnhiniviatrchnghnginviccunclphihcgii,lmvicgii.Cnlmviccuncnhthnothctngnginl
lmmtvicgrtmh...
nthngt,thngnmnm1936,khitignsutui,thgianhdnvchmi.Trckhidnv,ccchngTrnh,ngAv.v...trvCn
Minh,ccchLQuangHoa,Thc,c,Lc,Giairakhudnngho.Hthumtcnnhlkhongmilmmtvung.M,chLanvticnthm.
ChHoavnilmBTngthammu,ccchkhclmcccngviclaongchntay,cucsngcngrtkhamkh,chtvt.Tihimtisaoccch
raring."Ccchcngmuntmcchtlp,btgnhnngchothycon.VxutbnboVitThanhtnkmqu,nhmnhcngckhkhnvkinht...".
Khigianhtichuynvchmi,ccchliquayvvigianhnhngytrc,vnaychamtichphitrtinthunhmithngcbamilm
ngthi.Cnccchraring,nhnglikhngkimratin,chdavolngcachLQuangHoa,khngsaoxoayxc.Vynnchatibomti
limiccchvLongVngMiucnggianh.
Vsautimibit,tnhhnhchnhtrgiaTrungQucviNhtngycngxu.LcuNhtnhchimngTamTnh[1],saugyhnLCuKiu
chunbtncngHoaNam.NhndnvngngBcTrungQuc"tnn"vNamKinhngycngng.Gicthtrngngycngt.Lngcachati
chn,dogianhdnvchmidthuxpcucsnghn.
**
lkhuchungcdoHiphtgiokhuphLongVngMiuxy.Mtdynmcnhbitlpmingimttngnilinnhau.Cngtrccccnhnhnra
mtngvikhongttrngrngmnhmng,khintilintngtisntrccacnhPhngNgaCng.Nhngkhuchungcnycaorosngsa,
thongrngvphn,chcmtdynh.Casaucacccnhmrasnsau,lmtsnkhrngvimtngichabhoang,nghalnmgia
nhchungnhaumtsnsauvsngvinhauhathun,khngcschungch,vachm.
Mttincacccnhrngkhongsumt.Chiudckodikhongmihaimt.Cutrccanhlmtnachiungangrngbamtxynhkodi
rasauhtchiudi.Cnlibamtngangcmtphngmthongrngvicnggto,mtngiltsirngkhongmtmtrichydcracasau.Dc
theotngbaovingilrotdi,mtitrngccloihoa.Nginhgmbnphngvnhbp,cngtrnhphvidintchrngtngng.Ba
phngchnhichungmtcaravophnggia.Phngrngkhongmitmmt,lmphngnvphngtipkhch,giaphngtbntrnrngvi
mihaighu.Bnphilphngngcabamconkmtgingivmtgingn.Bntricmthnhlangnhivophngngcachatirng
khongsu,bymtvung,tuynhnhngccasknhsngsanhnramtng.Ttnhincaknhlunngcht.Mtbnlmvicchtyccloi
bochcchbybinvcucsngcachativnynguynnhc.Cvnhlngtrtbqunphc,thaybodithngvngitrcbncbov
lmvic.Cnhhnhlangmtphngnhbn,nmmtvunglkhochavalyc.Mtphngrngkhongtmmtgnbp,ccch.Khidnvy,
ccchThc,Giai,Vn,Hoa...vcng.(MtsccchkhcvCnMinh).ChTrentheochTnDnlmthcttcchonvbi.Haichvi
tunvchinhmtln.Phngstcngrngkhonghaimimtvung,kmtgingivmtchngtre,mahccchrangchothongmt,tr
chVnngiLo.Ttnhinchminykhngrngri,khangtrangnhTamSnL.NgyhaibuichativchLQuangHoailm.Cnccch
khcgipmtichba,cmnc,qutdnnhca.Tirtthchniny.
Ngichabhoang,ccphotngkhngcchmsc,bivmngnhngingy,trongchtyglmnhcaHiphtgio.Nhngiuquantrng,
cuingichangkiacmtgianphngchos,cmtngos.lmtnginngbittrnnhu,mcoqunmuchm,thtdythng
nganglng.Trongmtti,trangphccaos,vccchnvncaccnhsTrungHoana,trngthtlmt.Hngngyhaibui,nginhquanh
vimtcistrngusaulng,khivunhiuthltvtngvanhttccthngrcv.Milniquanh,ngmmcigtuvimingi,trngn
cirthinlnh.Gngmtngdi,viccntthngthm,vibrudimhoarm.Nhnng,tililintngncctranhtruynctrongccbao
thuclMimtbaothuclthngcmttmtranhlinhonvccchuynTamQuc,ngChu,ylmtcchkhuynmithuclthiknyTrung
Quc.Trconrtthchsutmcctmtranhtobngtmccvidt.cbitgngmtthunthun,sngmicaocao,imthinlnhvibitcvchm
ruthacanglmtilintngnKhngMinh,mtnhnvttigiisiuphmtrongtruynTamQucmmtihaykchoccchGiai,Thcnghe.C
lntinmgcutrnim,ngostngoiivo,chotimthpgchimngnhtc,hayngmua(?),nhnglauraschs,trngnh
minguyn.Hpgil"Thtxobn"(byminggchnhthkhcnhau,vimttmgiyccchnhkhcnhau,trconxphnh,luyntrthng
minh).Mthmkhcngmangvmtconbpbcnhngcnttachoti.Mtini,hngngyngkimsngbngnhtccphphmembn.Ai
nigngcngchci,gtuvlmdu,chngnichngrng.Cnhgingl"oscm".Mtlnngihngmtnhngoi,mtikrng:ngita
ningosnylngiHNam(lnikhxaNamKinh).Vgitngitnhcav,ngphitrnngichanyvlmos.Tingcnhin,thtkhng
thtinconnginhnglicthgitngi.Mtbuichiu,tirachisnsau,thyngoslysnglychtmtblngging,cnbkiatrntaycm
mtphotngPht,ngichmchtrnghangching.TingHNamrtkhnghe,tichnghiubchig,nhngtrngngosthttinghip,ch
cmlngly.ngxemlucngchn,tibvnh.Dothngngos,tihaythathnngcnhtrongphngng,xemngxp"Nguynbo".l
nhngtgiytrangkimbngbchocbngvng,ngxpthno,lmchngtrnggingnhnhngthivng,bccxavrtp.Vonhngngy,
chclngytun,nglychngrahavng.Ngyngnhaibacmhtscmbc,qunongmccnhngmnvtongayngn,schs.Vsauti
mibit:ttrongchairangoiph,ngosphiinhquamttrongnhngcnh,nhngchnggianhnochonginhc,chringmtilcho
ngiqua,ngyhaibuisngchiu.
y,ticngcnhngngibnnhlngging,chngtihayrnhaudotrongccngphngvchthp.Mthm,thycmngixmngxm
,ctingqutthovtingkhcthmthit,ltrchngtitmcchuivophatrong.Tithymtnginngcaoto,lclng,bntayhphpca
hntmmtcdicamtnginbangnmsngsoidit,chtamumovanxin,nhngnginngkhnghnglng,bnchntonh
bncuclintckhngthngticvouvomtnginb,muchyymtvctrnnnt.Khngmtnginocanngn.Tibsctrc
cnhdmanvmume,nginaonaobunnn,vilirachyvnh.Songhnhnhbtnhnvtingkhccanginbmnhtinhiungy.Vsau,
hcnghetinggnhtingkhccanbltilinnnaovbnchn.Mthm,ngitrnxekocngm,thymtbgitcbcphangnxin.Ting
kunghertththm,ngitilinnnaobtrt.Mtini:"Conthyy,cnhiunginghokhngclymtmingn".Chonnhcnmyn
cngnxin,mtithnglycmnguivthcnthachoh.
VLongVngMiu,nhgnrpchiubng.Cgianhtithngixemphim.ycxemcphimLinX.Tinhcmtchbovimingi:
TrungQuclthnhvincanmncngMinh(Anh,M,Php,LinXvTrungHoadnquc),dochnhphTrungHoa(QucDnng)chochiu
phimLinX,mcdhchngcngrorit.Nhvy,ticchvmchtrnmnnh,lStalin,Lniny.Vicpmttrth,tithyStalincbria
pvoai,vincidmn.Lnincbruvnh,trnhivingtccchnhanhnhn,sinicngthtkhcngi.Mmcysngbilnhtbtu
mchinylc.Do,tiyuctncLinX,vnhndnLinXtivuinhngyhi.Ttnhin,cndochtilunmingni:"Lninvi,Stalinv
i".
Tihi:
ThncLinXcnmykhng?Cnngnhnbkhng?
LinXkhngcnmy,aiaicngccmnoom.Hlmvichtscmnhvchngmithdohlmra.Ttnhinkhngcchuynnng
nhnb,nngnbcquynnhnhau,gilnamnbnhquynem!
Thchqunh,hmnemrang,thymtnginngnhmtnginb,sils.ThlTrungQuckhngcnamnbnhquynphikhng?
Chticimttotrnvsng,nghetihi,chtrnmtnhntivincivavuivahm:
"TrungQucangutranhinamnbnhquyn..."
Ttnhin,khngthlschnhtrviatrchatrnsutuic.Hmsau,chvimbnnhauphigiiquytvichchnhchoti,bivtintui
ihcri.Chtimuavmttpgiymu,mthptranhcch,mthpbtchmu,giy,daogtbtch,mttingschkhocvai.Chcchnlc
mttilonglanh,mingcingocln.Buisng,chdytinhnbitccloimu,buichiumlyccminggiybacnghnhvung,mtmtlch,mt
mtlhnhv.Mingidytrongmtting.Cnhth,haingidytivingy,mtikhoechThc:"ConLamtbuichiuhcmttingy,nhn
cnmmimtch".ChThctrnmtcini:"Conbkhqunh,thlnhanhquy,gii!".Trongbngtingh,giigmgii,nhnmtchd
t.Mtsngptri,chativotrng"uTrVin"(mugio)giithiuvicgiovtibcvocucsngngyhaibuintrng.ChThcv
chVnthayphinnhauavntiihc.Tirtthchthvchcv,ctgiy,hchthcmavhcch.Hckhongbathng,nuthng9
nm(1936)tivohclpmt.Vicctitrngvitithtvamim,vahohng.Chiuv,tilyvvbtchratpvit,nghaltikhngch
nhn c mt ch, m cn bit cch vit cc ch. Trong c c cch hc vit tn mnh. Trong thm tm, ti rt ght tn ca mnh, bi v hai ch M
La[2]nhiuntphctp,khvitp,hnnacitngilnchngkugc,nambtnam,nbtn.GinhchamtittnlXunLanhayThuCcg
, th ra tn con gi hn. Sau ny, ln tui hn, cc bn cn tru lm ti hi cht d: "Tn my chng ging tn ngi Trung Quc", "Th tao l Hoa kiu
Indonexiavm!",",thononcdamyenth!".Khitimivngd,mcdbnhcchmnhdaen.Tmli,cituilnsu,lnby,tibtu
tipxcrngrathgiibnngoi,vchcckhnhntrc...
SaukhichtinghlmTrngnuitm,vhnvigianh,vticgngivichnhiuhn.Nhiubuihaichemlykocthnhrixphnh,riv
chutMiki,vbychln.Ttnhinchyuchv,ct,xp,ticlmtheonhnghnh,tranhcatixuvhngnhiu.Nhngtivcngthchth.Thchnht
lnti,khibamconnmchungmtging,chtinmgia,mnmngoicng,tinmtrongcngrittnnghechkchuynAnecxen,truync
Grimvcbitchuyn"Mtnghnmtml",chyulbngtingTrung.Tithmphcchtivcnhiunnbitnhiuchuynlykvthv.Cnhng
chuynvsauticxemtrnmnnhhothnhnh"Embbndim","Convtxux"v.v...Cnhngchuynlmtikhcthtthtvcmng,bmvch
mng:"Cglngkhcu,chuynbaym".Tinghthm"chuynLLembmdghhthiginghtchuynABo,lcthtych.chciuA
Bolcontrai,nncuykhngcbtintrgip..."
lnhngngynhiuknimp,cucsngimscmuthmng...cxemphimhCharlieChaplin,tiyuthchnhnvthcrianhhaiccmc
haibnnhntrung,imttotrn,ichnchbtviigiytoqucv.v...VnhtinhconkhconnggiccngtcCharlieChaplin,khincnh
cib.Mingibolnlnticthslminhtinhmnbc.Rinmtphim,cthiuntinngiyutrongrng,ngaphiangiyuixa,cthiu
n ht mt on nhc vocalise rt du dng. Ti yu v nh nhp tm on nhc . V nh ti qun khn tri ging quanh ngi gi lm vy di, ri ht
"Aaa",theogiaiiu.Chtibotihtrtngnhc.Khiht,haitaytichptrcngc,imtungabiuttnhcm,hnlhnnhinlm.Cc
chcithv.RingngLQuangHoabo:Lnlnconbnylngllmy!Tihi:"Lngllghm?".Bci,khngni.Mtchbo:"Trcon
nhconkhcon,bitgu!"
Trconrtthchkhchnchinh.Mtngychnht,chatirmybnngliunnhxmchc(vthnhthongngcngnnhbnchinh
vy),thlticchoko,cnmtivmtchhuncvnuchuxanhmichinimtm(ttnhinticnk).
Sauny,clntihim:"Mi,mbonhbclxu.VymkhiNamKinh,conthythycngmibnbnnhxmchc".Btrli:"Thycon
nhbingth[3],mtcchngxxydngquanhngoigiaovingliucon.Conxem,nhthyconlmvicsutngy,ckhinonghngi
u?Mconmnhivncnhy,chpnh,ckhinothyconcngiu?...Thtra,xmchclvicccchng...".
Saukhitilnhclpmt,chailnchatiatiichivongychnht.
Lnthnht,chadntivomttanhsangtrng,dticcicontraingibnhc.Lnutinnmci(cngllnduynht).Ngingchtv
minginmcsangtrng,hcngdttrconitheo.Saukhia"tiuhngbao"(phongb),ngtrchuynhnhuynvimyngiridttivongi
mtbntrn.Khin,chagpnhngthcnngonvlmingchoti.nxong,mingilngcnphngcduchrgil"notnphng"(truac
duchr),mtngilyttrongmtthnggsnsonthpvngrtpvcnpyhnhoirartnhiuko,phnphtchotrcon,gilphtlc,sinh
conciyn(cithnggsaunyslcib).
ntngchungvmcinhgiulphtrngbth,sangtrngvccthumurcnhtrongphimnh.Tithchlm,ngl"imtngyng
hcmtsngkhn",ttcukhinticmthymimvthv.Tichcaothnhthongcchadninmci.Timunhaichaconmivti
nh.
Lnthhai,lvomtsngchnht,chadttiichi"PhuTMiu"(MiuthKhngT).Haichaconthngthngib.Bntaynhcatinmltthm
trongbntayto,mm,mpcacha.ngikhoanthai,chmri,hailungnhnquangphngvphatrc.Tilunhqunhihaibcmtmitheokpmt
bcchncacha.Thnhthongtingcmtnhnng,tronglngsungsng,tho.Khinni,ngvomtquntrngoitri,gimt"bt"tr,vaht
thuclvaungtr,hailungmtnhphngvcivtn,ngnghsuyiug.Cntivanko,vanhnngiquali.Kra,ivitrconnhvy
thtbunt.Nhngvchngmykhicchaquantmdtichi,nnsungsngtrnngptronglngti,timicmnhnkhc.Khitrvnh,chagh
vomtcahngsangtrngmuatmherimrihaichaconngixekovnh.Batihmaicngkhentmrimngonqu.Minginichuynrm
r.Chatini:
"TrngHcLngmiTnglnTyAnbnchuynthngnhtqunidischhuycaTngkhngNht.KhiTnglnmtbitthsangtrng,
TrngarayucuTngphihptcvingCngsnTrungQuccngnhauchngNht,Tngtphni.Trngtuynb:"NuTngkhng
nhnlithTrngskhngthTngvNamKinh".CuicngbucTngphigpidinngCngsnvkkt"QucCnghptckhngNht".Ni
xongchaticikhoichvhmhnh:"DovariBTngthammurim,vccquancungqut.NayTngvNamKinhanton,songcngb
mt.ngtayucumingitrongcquanvit"ThhinkchngNht".Tivavitxongbcthvinidung:Mt,ncta(chatiphivitvitcchl
ngidnTrungQuc)trng,nging,tinguynphongph,timlcnhnti,vtlcdidomncNhtbconkhngthbchai,nuhuy
ngmimtngidngpmtng,chngtascmtkhontinlnmuatrangthitbqunsba,nuchnhphtakugionktccngphiyu
nccngnglngchngNht,khnngthngNhtdnhtrbntay..."
Ccchvuivtthchthvtnthnh.Mtthigiansau,trongbacmti,chatiamtphongbdycpttrnbnnvni:"Bnngnngtin
thng v bc th hin k y!". Mi ngi trm tr. Cha ti ni: "Nhng cha hiu h c chp nhn kin ca mnh khng? Do nhn dn u tranh mnh,
Tngbmthptcvicngsn,bntrongvnngmngmtiuditcngsn,cinguyhimcaTnglch".
Xunh1937,trongbacmti,chatihaynitnhhnhthisTrungNht.MthmmingibntnvNhtgyhnLCuKiu,chorngNhtsp
nhThngHivNamKinh...Nmtigntrnbytuivsphchtlpmt.Mingixnxaovnchnhtr,tichhiutg,thngngyvnihc
u.Cuihcktngkthctp,mtbntraingnhtlp,tingnhlp.Hngngytitnglmbitp,nhngchhctrnvnnhnggmtrng
dy,dokhngcgiinhchti,tnghcvtlp.Mtinitikhngthngminhbngch,likhnghiuhcbngch.
Mthmcmtngiphnrtxinhpmcoditrng,ixngantrng,tayxchvmtrngsangtrng,taykiaxchcihpbnhkonthmgia
nh.Mticngngiphntaybtmtmng.Tithmtsngln,lngkhpkhivqubnh.Hainginichuynrmr,rtlu,nhngchkhng
chulincmtivigianh,sauviting,chingay.KhichDicLanvnh,mkchuynvichti:
"ChiunaychLPhngcnchi.ChkchuynvatHngKngngiiquytmtsvicriingay.Chvnpnhxa.ChThunkchuyn
vimchcrtyuanhLHngPhong,theouianhy,nhnganhytrntrnhvkhngyuch.caukhlm...Chkchuynvimlsaukhibbt
vnc,bPhptratndman,cuicngvkhngtmcchngc,nhphith.ChvHngKngvianhrutNgChnhQuc.CngnhNgChnh
Quc,chbtchcngnghing,xalnh.NaychlymtngiTrungQuclmcngcngs.Chtmsvimcmtacontraihnmttui.Hai
ngirtyunhau,nhnganhNgChnhQucbtchlydvichng,lyngXunThanh,ngimchkhnghyuthng".
ChngXunThanhtngtnghainhbmtitiTamSnL.Chlconngitni,hunhkhngquanhvibtcaitrongccchtngmt.M
tik:"ChHoa,chThcvchThanhvntngquenbitnhauThiLan[4].Khnghiuvldog,ccchyrtghtnhau,docngnhmhon
tonkhngnichuynvinhau".Mbo:"ChLQuangHoanichThanhlcvcaQucdnngTrungQuc".
MninuquthtnhvythccchkiavchHoattbbt,vgianhmnhcngstannt,chngthsngyn.ChThanhthchccchkiali
bing,chngchuhchnh,khngchulmvic...ChThanhrtqutrngchamti.ChThanhnhtikhongmtnm,tkhongthng8nm1934n
thng8nm1935.MnivchkhngchungcccchHoa,Thc...nnbinikhc.Sau,hunhchkhngquayvthmgianhtiln
no.
SauchLPhngc,khongthng7nm1937,cmtnginngcaoln,ptrai,mcbcompletrng,imtrngvigiydatrngcngtHng
Kngnthmgianhti.ngcngmangmyhpbnhkosangtrng,khintilixnxangtronglng.Saukhinginngyikhi,mkchuyn
lNgChnhQuc,nNamKinhspxphnnhnchoemgi,vngkhngmunemgimnhlyngiTrungQuc.Ttnhincucvingthmcahaianh
emrivonhngbuichatiilm,dongkhnggph.Ccchtrongnhnhdicngkhnghaybitg.Vmticngkhngkchuynchocc
chynghe.Cnglicunc,mingimisphn,nhngcmtiulhaitngbPhpbtrith,ngsxarih,dlnghvnkintrinh,trung
thnhving,viTquc,inhnhlchLPhngc.
Ti cn nh, khong thp k by mi, b L Phng c em hai ngi con v nc... Sau , trong mt ln n thm ng Hong Vn Hoan (chnh l L
QuangHoa),tihoanhbotin,nhngtngngyshilng:
Chi,chLPhngcvncri...
"m...bylngixulm!".
Tigitmnhimlng,cngkhngdmhithm.
Bcchttrongaukhvsnghiktytricanhngnmtmmi.Migny,nm2007,LPhngcmichnhthccminhoan.

[1]BatnhngbcTrungHoa,naylMnchul(chthchNXBPhn)
[2]ngbHHcLmhmmHipsRoland,dngtngtronglchsPhpthkth8,chucaHongLaMCharlemagne,cnglnhnvtchnhca
TrngcaRolandniting.ChLantchRolandphinsangtingHoa(Lalan),cnMlmnm.
[3]ngthtctingVit,cnghalgiaolu,giquanh.
[4]Theo h s mt thm Php, ng Xun Thanh (chu rut nh cch mng tin bi ng Thc Ha) qua Xim u nm 1920, cng vi H Tng Mu, L
PhngThun,ngQunhAnh,phunhnNgQung,NgChnhHc(theoLPhngcnchinsgiaothngcaBcH,NXBCngannhndn,tr.
9697).
5/18/2017 Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm[VI]
Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm[VI]
HMLA
Tht,15Thng7201515:32
fontsize
nhchpgianhcHHcLmnhn100ngysaukhicmt.NgingilbNgKhnDuy.HngsautphisanglDicLan,ThmHuQun(cconnuingiTrungQuc)vMLa.
ChngVI
NgilngQunh
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclamvi 1/13
ChDicLanlmchbintpch"QungTyphn"lngcaohnnhngcngbnhn.ChthucchtibbnnysngLy(LyGiang),nignst
bnhvinQungTy.lnginhghaitngQuHoaL,chnhtngmtcchinhkodivphasau,cngcngtrnhph.Chngtitnghai.
Gchaigmhaiphng:phnglnkhong1516mtvung,kmtgingtobamconnmchung.Mttrcccastornghngngnhnxung
ng,phatrclkhongtrngthongkhngcnhca,phngmtraxaldngsngLyGiang,ncxanhtrong.Bnkiasnglathanhngcnnh
mttng,xanalnhnghnnixanhchnhthkth,trngrtngonmc.NgiTrungQucccu:"PhongcnhQuLmgip(nht)thinh".Pha
trcgingkbnlmviccachti,mm,chDicLancmcivithocsabichotpch.cnglbnhccati.Gncaslmtbnnhvi
bn gh, l bn n cng l bn tip khch. Lin vch l phng trong nh, ch khong 6 mt vung, ngn mt li i xung cu thang. Trong phng k mt
gingn,mtnuging,vmtvivalyoqunmang.
BamconchngtidnvytrcTtmlch,khonggiathng1nm1941.Tngyvy,chtiilmxavmconchngtiilichmsccha
tithuntinhn.Ngyhaibui,saugitanhc,tinngaybnhvinthmcha,thamgiachmscngnhngihlnh.Saumtthigiandicmt
bcsntrp,ttnghipykhoaMviutrchuo,bnhchatithuyngimhn.Chatikhngcnphiquatiuphurtnc,mctimmt
loithucctr,ctcdngychtdchtrongbngtiuthotranhngtiu.Nh,chatikhngbcchngna,qutrnhhhptrnnddng
hn.Theonguynvngcachati,bnhvinchongvnhvdn:"Khngcleogc,khngcilinhiuvtrnhxcng.Suthngsauvovin
kimtravtimthuc".lkhongcuithng9nm1941.
Vnh,chatingphngtrong,hitmtivkhngccas.ngphithngxuynnmbtng.Nhngnhngngymtrihocmah,vobuisng,
chatiichmri,nhnhngraphngngoi,ngitrccashngchtkhngkhthongmtvnhnngbanmai.ngphngmtnhnraxahng
chtcmgickhnggianthongrng.Thttinghipchochati,sutcucilmratinnuivconvanhemyunc,nhngbnthnmnhthsnggin
d,ns,titkim,khinocngchcmtphngnhtitm,nhPhngNgaCng,LongVngMiu,vgiyQuHoaLthnhphQu
Lmny.
Chnythcrakhcht,tngdintchchkhong25mtvung,cucsnggianhtuymbc,nhngthtmm,vcnhnaycont.
Nmmicngbun,chatinivich:"CccunngChulitquc,TamQucchthyuccri,cmiTydukchac,conmnvchothyc
giikhuy".Nhiukhiangc,chatikhoichcikhkh,mitingkchotinghemtcuchuynvTnNgKhngvigingrtddm,hpdn.ng
miuttnhhinngangcaTnNgKhngtrcNgcHongvccvthn,nhngvncuicngkhngthotkhibntaycaPhtNhLai.ngni:"Thn
thngqunginhTnNgKhngcuicngbthnquynnhtdiNgHnhSn...cnghal,mtkhitinhthnbchp,ticaochlncngthnhv
dng,con".
Thnhthong,trongthinhkhngrnrtingcibong,dnchngkonhauvotrntrongcchangng.QuLmlmtthnhphnixanh.Tng
truynvngninytrckiangptrongncbin,docnhiuhangng.CnhnglnmybayNhtnmbomnh,chtnhiungi.Milnbo
nggp,matiitrn.Ringchativnimnhinnginh,khnghtrashi.
Chtingyilmhaibui,mkhuyavnlmvic,thnhthonghnghngho.Nhrabanhngngychativchtiphicchcbit,nhngv
kinhtgianheohp,chtrngcyvolngchati(ngccoinhbnhbinh,chantuihu,nnchngnguynlng)vlngchti.Mti
chlmcngvicnitr,ticntuiihc.Thiktinqucdntmtgi,nnnglngchngnuibnmingn.Giynhli,lngtixtxa,
thngchavchvhn.Nhnglctihontonvtl.Chnhnthymtihaythdi,mtichnghiutisao.
Mthm,tiangtpvitbtlngmuch"tiukhi"(tcmuchnh"ikhi"lmuchto).Hcsinhtiuhcvcaotiuhc6nm,phitpvitbtlng
tiukhivikhi,khngcphpvitbtmy.Chatinsaulngvkuln:
"Coni,tuyluynvittiukhi,nhngcngphiluynkhchtohn.Cvy,ntchminnang,vungvn,cngcp,nghong.Cnconvitkhch
nhqungntlitithkiathkhngthluynchpc,hngmtchvitlhngctmhn,con.Ngicnhncchvtmhncaothng,nt
chnnang,phngkhongngimnhncchtitinnhnhenthntchvnvtltnht...".Ttri,tiluynchvthmnhsaunymnhkhng
ctytinnhnhen,phisngkhongt.
Thcratbngi,chnhthigiannyllcticgngichamnhnht,cngdybonhiuiumichatnghaybit.
Cnhiuhmriri,tingicnhgingcha,nghengkchuynThnhGing,HaiBTrngvbTriuu,chuynohiunghaivingb,vicha
m,anhchem,hhng,lngnc...ngni:
"Anhemnhchnvitay,nuctchntayconngitalmgcngkhkhn,vlikhngailitchtchntaymnh,phikhngcon?Thymsngvihai
chemchchnthi,chonnconphithngyuch,chconauyu,livtv.Haichemconsutcuciphigngi,thngyunhaunh.
Conngitaaicngcgcnhcycr,nccngun,lquchatt.Mtconngikhngbityuthngcham,anhchem,giatc,lngxm,
bnb...lngikhngbityugingthngni.Cychtvmtr,nccnvmtngun.VitNammnhlmtdntcnh,hngngnnmbTrungQuc
h,vymcuicngnidychngBcthuc...NaybthcdnPhph,chonnchngtaphitmgithnTrungQuc.Thysdnkchocon
nghechuynccivuachngngoixmcancta".
"Thyraitnm1906,nnaylbamilmnmtrn.Nhiumthytrntrkhngngcvnhbni,bcrutconvlngQunh,chNi...au
nvmnhchalmcgchotnctheolicndncabni,naymaukhngkhochtbxngqungitkhchcon...".
Richatikchuynquhng.
Diylchuynkcachati:
Thy t h H l Trng nguyn H Hng Dt, ngi Kim Hoa, Chit Giang, Trung Quc. ng sang Vit Nam lm Thi th Din Chu (Ngh An) t thi Ng
i(1)iHuHn.Vsaun,lppthnBot(trcthucDinChu),QunhLungynay.CtHHng(2)lngQunhilchu14icaH
HngDt.nglmchcitrng(tngtamphm),hysinhkhinhgicchimthnhQungTr.HHngcngcontrailHKhadivThiTrang,
tcQunhingynay.
LngQunh(3),tnchlQunhi,ccnhrtpvthanhlch.Phabccln(ninh)nhtnche,phanamcniYnNgachu,phangcln
Bng,cngilGipBngchiu,phatyclnBo,cngchnhgingGipBngichiu.ChonndnlngQunhchorngvccchnniktrnbn
phngchiuv,dolngQunhxuthinnhiunhnti,khoabng...
NgoihHra,lngQunhcnchNguyn,hHong,rihPhan,hDng,hBi,hVnv.v...HHcngccdnghkhckhaihoangmrngtai
tinyquaintnhnnm1850cti678mu,trongc228muthcin.CuithkXVIII,nm1786,sinhtronglngcghil500
ngi.(1)
Sauny,vngingtt,ngchuatmn,nngnghipphttrinchn,cucsngdnlngQunhcnhiukhkhn.uthkXVIII,mthphu
nhn,vquncngHPhiTchanghdtlacaHngvtruynchophnlngQunh.ngiathkXIX,nghlalngQunhphttrinthnh
nghchnh,huhtccgianhuckhungci(khungdtla),phnlngQunhhunhubitdtci(dtla).Mtsngichuynbuntla,h
muatCngThanhHavchochemphntronglng,rimanglaQunhibnkhpvngThanh,NghTnh,vlaQunhcchtlngcao.
TuthkXV,HHn(conHHng)mithygiilDngVnKhai(gcBcNinh)vlngmtrngdychNho.Nm1440,ivuaLNhnTng,
contraiHHnlHcLthitins.T,dnlnguanhauhchnh,ngiathkXIX,hunhkhngmthnokhngcngithic,t(1).
Trongsutmytrmnm,lngQunhichn700ngithitttintins,tronghHchimsng.Nhtruynthnghiuhc,dntrc
nngcao,ollmngivtinhthnthodntcvyunccngcnngcao.
ThiTranghnhthnhtiTrnPh.KhiqunMinhsangxmlc,LLiphtckhingha,nhiunhnscalnghnghithamgianghaqun,
ccngtrngkhngnh:
NguynTu,concTNguynThc,nm1425trngkthivdoLLitchc.ngphtrchitngbinhnhthnhDinChu.Sauchinthngqun
Minh,nggichcTthnhht,chhuyCmvqunbovkinhthnh...
HHn,contraicTHHnglmthammuchonghaqunLLi,chuynlovickhostahnh,cngNguynChchkinnghLLilyNghAnlm
"chng"...SaucphonglQunnhhuchnhtamphm...
PhanHongNhiu(hayPhanHongNgha)cThPhan,emcnghip,tinbc,gothchindngnghaqunchnggicMinh,cphongit
nng..
ConvchucTHongKhnhuccngnhqunMinh,xydngtncditriuLThiTvLThiTng(t14281442)...
nngythcdnPhpxmlcVitNam,trcHBn,tngcVncGiaivoNamnhgic,TinsHSTuncantriunhchuhng,T
tiHongLinthamgiakhinghacaTruTunvngNhMaiv.v...Mtquhngnhvy,mtdnghnhvyngcchngtatholm,phi
khngcon?
Tquclg?Thunhlilmtdnghtrongcngngccdngh.Cngngclchsvnhavtruynthngginc.Chngtatuycgc
TrungQuc,nayTtin,changchngtahngnghnnmsngtVitNam,vychngtalngiVitNam,conchcqun"...
Crrchhngngy,hngm,chatikchotingheccchuynvtruynthngcagiatc.Sauny,khiciukintitmhiu,tracumirhtngn
ngnh...
HTrngim(17481826),chunhiuicacTHHng.Nhvnngho,quanhnmchmtmanhovi.Nhchukhvquytchhchnh,nm
1785thiPhbng.Tnhngthngthn,khngchukhutphcai.ThivuaQuangTrung,ngbin.nnm1820,ditriuMinhMng,ngranhn
chcGiothNghAn.Mnsinhctinm,sutrmngi,huhtuthnht...
ContraithbacaHTrngimlHTrngTon(cngilHTrngTun)sinhnm1801,mtnm1864.Tuychutti(1821)nhngdotrnh,nng
lcgii,cuicngctriunhclmnstlintipcabatnhQungYn,HngYn,cuicnglnstThiNguyn.ngbcdnlngqumnv
thnggipngingho,gpnhiutincaxydngquhng,cdnlnggilcnThi.
HTrngTonvbPhmThKhanhccthytmngicon.ContrngHVnHongcivchakpcconthmmt.VnglNguynThTn,con
nhthhng,blngiphnthnglutthngkinh,trnglngha,giaphongnnp.Bmchngvchngquailigiasnkhakhvinem
chngchakptrngthnh.BTnthtitthchng,caiqunigianhvnuidyccemnhc.Bcccemchngyuqunhchrut,nhm
gi,cgiatchHntrng.Trongbyngiem,cHBn(18421883),emkcncaHTrngHonglngithngminh,hiuhchnc.Curt
mcvnglichdu,ngymdimikinhs.Clnmichiqunlmbi,bTnbtcuqutrcbnthttinnhnli,nmphphctrnsnnhchu
myroicachduqutvomng.CuhavibTntnayxincha,nmcukhongmisu,mibytui.nnm1875,HBntrykinhthiHi
phbng.Saumtthigianlmvickinhthnh,nnm1881,triunhbnhimnglmnstNamnh.CcemdiHBntuyuhctth,
ngkinh,nhngvkinhtgianhchn,mingimitnhmint,hvahcvalmrung,khngaithiclmquan.Saukhiccemtrngthnh,bTn
dngvgchngchoccemchuton.Khibquai,ccemchngthngticvhn,tangmathcngbchducchuo.
HBnnhmchccmtnm,thcdnPhpemqunttrongNamranhchimthnhHNilnthhai.Mng8thng3nm1882,HNithtth,
quanTngcHongDiutuntit.nngy28thng2nm1883,PhpkoqunnhthnhNamnh,quanTngcVTrngBnhshibchy.HB
ntuylquanvn,nhngngstcnhchinudngcmcngcLVnimvquanchhuydnqunNguynHuBn.CuicngLVnim
vNguynHuBnanhdnghysinh,cnHBnbtrngthng,thnhNamnhthtth.QundnNamnhdngcngvthuyn,lnaHBnv
tnqunhQunhi.
Saumtthigianchachy,vtthngtrnbngsplnh,songvtthnglngvniaumtncvnrmu.HBnmchsaunytmcchcngs
phuvnhndnyunctiptcchngliqunxmlcPhp.Mthm,cngibconbnv,txanthm,kchuynviclmhungtncathcdn
Phpivingbota,chuynmtsngicdanhphnhnnhtuhng,v.v...Niuthntrodngtngt,khinchaivtthngcngchymu.
HBnncln,thnngnrihnm,bahmsautgicuci.
CichtcaHBnlmtniauringcagianh,cnglmttingchunglncnhtnhivigiatchH,nhndnlngQunhvcclnghuyn
quanhvngchqunnncthnh.ngtuymti,nhngtinhthnyunc,chbtkhuttrthnhmtttng,mttruynthngtrongdnghv
tronglng.
Ngitrcngxung,ngisaungdy,haingiconcaHBnlHBKinvHThcLinhnichcha:HBKincuicnghysinhtrongcucni
dynhtLaoBoHThcLinhhotngbPhpbttratndman.Khichngnungmmngda,ngngdyngicmnglnmmng,
nglmtchkincng,st...
Chatiktip:
"HBTr,contraithbycacHTrngTon,emtraiptcaHBn,ngnicacon,lngicchkhkincng,canm,ctinhthnyunc
gilng.Dochnhsch"BnhTystT"catriunhnhNguyn,dommuchiar,lygingialngvgiocathcdnPhp,cuinm1885,dncc
lngcnggioquanhvngkonnhphlngQunhi,mtlngnitingyuncchngPhp.CumbyHBTrcngnhngthanhninyunc
tronglngdngcmchngc,cuicnguicdncnggiobkchngrakhilng.NhngHBTrbtrngthng,hysinhngy24thng12nm
1885.Ngyhm,cti80thanhninbhysinh,nhcabthiut,lagobcpbc,tingkhcthancanbtremvangngcmtvngQunh
Lu,khntangtrnumgaconcitrngxa.Nhiungiblngrai,rungngbhoang.Hngnmcnngylngygilng.
"BniconlTrnThTrm,congidanhsyuncTrnHuDclngCao.Nmbmihaimilmtui,mtnchhaiconthbcHXunKim
lnbn,thymiynm.CitangcaanhchngHBnvshysinhcachngnungnumithnhnncnginbgacntitr.
"CuithkXIX,xhiVitNamvnphongkinlm.PhnVitNammtnnghaisngtntolaong,thphngbmchng,nuichngmnhnhc
thickhoatrng,hnhngmongkimcmtphmtcrngdanhttng.Tronggianhnban,bm,chngvcontrainginmmtrn
giannhgia,nicaosangnhtcagianh.Saukhiminginungxong,ngicondumibngmmcmthacanhcnnginnixbp.ivib
trnmtthahaibm,ninngkhpnp,nhnh.iquatrcmtmingi,cbitltrcnng,phiciu,ilomkhom,khngcnichuyn
nhnganghngvinng.Dntathiytuytnhinkhngckhinimnamnbnhquyn...(Lc,titrnconmtnginghechak,vcngsngst).
"Bnicon,ngicaoln,vairng,gingnitovangnhchungng,ingnghongchngchcnhnng.Bmcichatnmmttui,anhrut
lngichc,dyemgihcibachNho,gingdylngha,ollmngi.ngixviemgimnhtngidnch.Tuynhin,khivnh
chng,bvnginglgiophongkincancmnh.
Saukhingnimt,bniconsngkhchnphnbnhthng.Ngichiubitthngcm,ntrng,ngithiuhiubitttnhinkhngtrnhkhic
iudngh,nhngbimlng,vnsngtheochhngringcamnh.
Miu,khiccconcnqunh,bchiquanhvngvingylivchmcon.Nhnghmbibnlaxa,bnhngithntronghntrngnomnh
ca,chmscbcvthy,vthycnqunh.nkhihaianhemlnhnmtcht,bgihaianhemnnhbchHBKin(concangHBn)n
vhc.Khibcconmimt,mihaitui,thymitm,chntuiu,haianhemhnnhmnhtlonunng,nung,trngnomnhca.Lcu,
nhnglnbibnlacntha,nkhihaianhemquencucsngvngmvtlp,bivngnhnhiuhn,thigianiluhn.Nhngnm,thycn
nhqu,haykhcnhm.Lnlnmtcht,chiuchiuthythathnmtmnhraulngngngm.Honghnmathung,butrimm,thyngng
mhoacmt,thyaignhgngtxacngtnglmv.Nhngngithntnh,thythyngthuithingngm,hddnh,dtvnhnhngngic
thni:"Thivi,mmitheotrairi,khngvnau...".Cmngcibi.Thytngthtalnkhc...Bcconlntuihn,nhngtnhtnhv
t,clcmxemngilnchictngquncem.Khiscnh,vichyraulngdtthyv.
Milnbivngtnhtldmbyngyhocnathng,clnvibathngmiv.Milnbixav,thysutngynmguom,quanhqunbnm,
chsmlibtthnrai.Milnv,buahaianhemrachNi,chcalngQunh,nbn,gi,c,ruc(mmtm).lmnncsncalng
Qunh.mn,bcconlntuihn,lilcontraitrng,bbtnmngtrnphnlimkcnhbnthngnigiangia.Thynhtui,cnmng
cngmbungtrong,cbmp,nghebkchuynThnhGing...Clnthykhngcmlnghib:"M,saomhayivngth...cngicbo
milychngri,conslmm...".Trongmti,lngimtlclu,bthdinonut,trli:"Khngibunthlychimn,con?"",nhmnhc
nhiuthcla,conncmraucngcm,m,ngbconi,connhmlm...".Bxoau,mchtthyvolng,chaicuth,ngithyvn
nh:"Haimilmtuikchi,thnghaicondimikhngnh".Thingi,lnln,conshiu...".Khithylybntaynhslnmtb,thyhaimt
mncmt.ivithy,nhngngybnhlnhngngyynhnng,sungsngvhnhphcvcngtn.Theonmthng,sngvngmmiri
cngthnhquen.
Nmlnby,bchothycpschtheobcrutconvccchbctronghihcchNho.Nhihc,nidaydtvngmcngkhuykhadn.nh
m,thngm,thychmchhctp,tinbtrngthy,cthykhenlvnhaychp.Thcra,thychhamcsch,choatay,thchnhngiu
vittrongschTth,Ngkinhchchngphimnhthngminhgiigiangghnngiu.Bvnh,thythyhcgii,bvuiramt,tcngyuquthy
hn.Bcconmctng,cnglncnghaybnhichicquncngv.Nhiuln,bphilnliitmvqutrch.Tnhbcrthin,mmng
khngdmcilimtli,hascha.Nhngrivnchngnotty.Tuynhin,bchckhgii,cthctmhiuythut.Bnhthygiidythm
cchsdngccloithodc,cchchnonbnh.Nhngkhingihngxmnhcu,smi,aubng,bcconbtmch,bcthuc.Bcvalmva
tnghincuthm,ludnthnhthylangctingtronglng.Tnhbcimm,thtth...Cnthyhiung,tinhnghchhn.Bchaybthytrugho,
mclanhngtrtinhnghchquiccathy.Nhngthyemmnhnhdi,bckhnghtrchmnghaynhthy.Naynghli,thythynhnvthng
bcconvcng.
Nhngnmthytm,chntui,bniconhaychothyitheo.cgnm,liciy,cbitthmnhngcimicil,thythchlm.Lcui
nhngnign,dndbathyixahn.Civibmihiubniconthtvtv,phidmsngdinng,khiikhirt.Khithymihiutisao
saunhnglnbixav,ngibnicongyg,daensm.Nhngcngthyrblngiphnnhanhnhn,thovt,ngbinrtnhanh.Lcthmm
mng,khithrnri,cantrng.Bibntla,khignhiquanggnh,khixchmttayni.inccchxagnbtk.nccchln,bnlaxongth
muatmangv.Nhngcngrtl,nhiukhibxchtayniivochxemciny,higicin,nhngbkhngbnla,cngchngmuat.Haravic
bunbncabchlmbnhphongchonhnghotngcchmng.Btmgpnhiungitrnccchngngi,aslnng.Milngph,b
bothyranhoviltrngoisn,cnbngitrongnhchuyntrtonhvih.Ckhihaimconraingay,ckhinglimtmritrichasng,
thyangngsay,bgidynvickhoailuccanhchrirailccharmtngi.
Cmtln,bvthyitrnngcismt,conngdinhtncmnh,chytBcchNam.imichannhngiquenthtritism.Haibn
ngkhngclngmc,ngvngtanhkhngmtbngngiquali.Gimathurttngcn,haimconililitrnconngmpm,tiom.ang
i,bngcmthyrnrndibnchn(Thiydntartngho,asichnt,nhtlibngxa)thyni:"M,cons!"."Cchims,cmy,
conkhngphischi","Khng,conslm..."thynimumo,haitaykobngli.Bmngnhnggingdudng:"Contraichimnhtnhcy,sauni
lnlnlmcvicchi...".Bnmchttaythyliitheo.Bngthydmphimtciglnhlnh,nhnnhn,thyhtto:"Mi!"gingthtthanh.Bvi
kothysangmtbnringixmxung,lytayssmttmtlc,riimtnhngdy,dtthyitip."Chiram?","Cchim,xcmtngnmy
chtigiang.Conthykhng,dnmnhkhrara".Nmthymictm,chntui.
Clntrckhirai,bbtconccconnhibmntpvochn,xviclmbngbuccht.Mah,trinng,nchiumithibclnrtkhchu.
Thyhi:"Saomlilmrara?","HmnisiquabtcanhbnTy,thymnhhihmnsbquachokhilithi".Khintrmgc,chngilcsot
tayni.Bnmbchtaynixungngaycnhchnchng,nioangoang:"Thcsoti.Chntuibsuqung,ccthycthucchichotuixint".Bngipht
xungt,mingnitaythobng,chngthymtcivtloto,thihoc.Chngbtmibonhau:"Connbnyhithiqu"rixuatayliala:"Thi,
mii,chngtaokhngcthucgu".Btvmunnnli,chngcngxuatn:"Conmnyhithiquchng".Thlhaimconithotanton.i
xavidmcmtvngnc,bthobngraschchbucthtccthi,riliitip.nmtnintrcanghaqun,brtmtthlinlcgiudi
yhpcautrutrongtayni,lthbotnhhnhqunPhphainvquntaphihptpkch.Saubni:"Nhngvicmlm,conchhvi
ai,nukhng,bnTysbtvgitm"."D".Trongbng,thythmngh,mmnhliutht.Mmcchuynchiemnhkhngsngni,chonnthy
khngbaogilbtcvicgblm.Lnln,thymihiudnmmnhvcngcmphcvthovmmnh,bnilngisaoHmcathysut
cucithycon.
Bniconlnginbcanm,nhiumulmmo.ivibnch,bkhithmmmng,nhnhngkhilicngrn,liulnh,thmchtotnanh.
Bkrngclnchngilcsotngib,vymlthmtanggiutrongthtlng.Bbquasdincanginbcntr,chitc:"Sotchim
sot,csotthsotci"l"mmyy!",rilytaychctungvy.Chngngngtrcmtnhngngidnangngchungquanh,lytayxua:"Conm
nbnianhqu,thiii".Saukhiithot,bphingibnvngnghmtlcchohonhn.Bni:"Mschomnhtht,nhngslthmtth
nghaqunskhnn,con".
Cmthm,angnhoviccbn,thynghethybhngxmgi:"CuLani,mauvi,mmispvtinhri...".Thysungsngbachnbn
cng,chytisn,thymyngidubniconttrncngvonmlnging,trngngibtiuty,damtvngv,gyguc,thymumochyti:
"Chira...mmhaysao?".Myngcngvngni:"Mchubchngtratndman,nhngbvnkhngchukhai,chngnhth.Thybaukhngi
ni,chngticngvy...".Sau,thymithymtvtchytrnbpvm,bcconbcthucungvthucplnvtthng.Ngitrongh,ngi
lngnthmhinglm.Khibblicynungdlnbpi,bchitnnstCaoNgcL:"ngchaticngmyilmnst,nocaiccchi
mmconchuphichutirara!".Khngtmctangchng,CaoNgcLbchibnggi,xuhnhphithbra.Vicnghakintrinhvnc,dn
dmingiuhiura,aiaicngqumn,cmphcb.Midluntpnhpbaonmxpht,mingimihiuvicbunlachchemtch,t
mingigiblchLahaybLa(ngytrcgilchcuKim).Conchutronghhi,saobganlcnhvy,bni:"Thcrabbtb,giamcm
thykhngphillnutin.Thranhiulnbtngbqunthnhptnnhn,vnghaqun,vchngPhptrthnhnnc,bchuc
ht.khisasycuni,bhaychitcchngkingmt:"Namqucnhnvnci""chimvnlmrara?".ikhicngphilmliu,bcnhaitru
vimtnmtothuclonutvobngtrckhibtra,ringtiquncau.Niri,bcihmhnh,khoich.
Mthm,saumtthigianvngnhrtlu,bvtinh,chakphihantnhhnhhaianhemhchnhrasao(liubrtquantm)bbiu
mtht.Hmsauthycngitronglngnlpkhcbn20murungvcnginhnginmgianang.Bamconxungnhnganglpgianh,
vndlnhbp,nhkho.Bgiithchvihaianhem:Mthamliln,vaytinibun,khngngbmtthnglibunngiTuqutmttin,mnh
bnrungnh,chvisophtcanhln.Saunilmra,msturungli.T,cucsnggianhsasthn.Vsauthymibitbblibun
TrungHoalamtmntinlncacPhannhPhngabmuasmvkh.ScPhanhiulm,cngkhngmunnghaqunthiusngnnh
Php,bnhbnrungbnnhlytinmuasngnchonghaqun.Bni:Ncnhmt,schimymurung,cinh.Clnbk:Mnhphicng
mynginngtVQuanghuynHngKhlunrngquaLosangtnthtrnNakhonPhanmthuctXimmuavtmcchchthucsngv.
Ngyi,mnghgiarng,phitnglatohbeokhngdmmti.Nhngnhngngylnlinhvy,ngsnhtlngyhgpcnging,cn
lootungunxungkhngcnthnsbnclcunmtxc.VtdngMKngnhiukhikhngcthuyn,ngonThngngilngVn
Phc x Qunh Th phi bi qua sng, dng dy ko b v nhng ngi khng bit bi sang sng. Khi vt sng cn b c su p c vo ngi... Nhng
chuynblnliihotngnhvykhngkxitc,con...
ThyxaTquc,quhng35nm,chalmcgthbnh,lcbttngtm,thyrtbun.Trongcuci,nhnglcgiantrun,nhnglcgpiu
bthnh,nhnglcauyu,mmlng,nhtch,thylinhntmgngcabnicon,nnhnggianlaombphinmtri.Gitingmi,lng
nhhni,chlitrlivimnh..."
Thcra,lctichahiuhtnghanhngcunicachamnh,chthmsuyngh:"Tnhyuthngngimcantrng,titrcachamnhthtsu
scbitbao.Kcngl,chaginhvy,mvnyuthngmkhngphtnoqun,nhatr".
Chatini:"Thynhnkhngcgplibni,chngrbcnsnghaykhng...Chabitcchmnggiiphngdntckhinomithnhcng...Sau
ny,haichemconphitmngvnc,phitheoconngcunccachangmnh.lnghavcamimtngidn,
con...".
Tcuinm1941,gianhtichuynsangbkiasngLyGiang,gnngaybnhvinnichatiiudng.Khongthng5nm1942,khibnhtimtoc
iutrnnh,chaticvdngbnhtinh.ncuinmbnhtnhcanglitrmtrng,phitinhpvin.Haithngsau,tcthng4nm1943,cha
timt.
Tymignhnngnuim,nuiemutrtlnivaigyguccachtimtngiangmangbnhlaophi.Ticnnhdi,chacvicg.M
timychcnmquachnthunlmtbnitr.
**
Tronghitngcamnh,nhnglncgpcNguyniQucTrungQuclctimi12,13tuilunlmtixcngmnh.
Tinhmtbuichiumathunm1942gianhtinhncmtbcthgittrongncsang.lthcaanhLmBKit(PhmVnng).Trong
thanhKittvntttnhhnhcaccngchvanhLTnDnchinkhu,nhngphnquantrnghnclgiabcth,convit:"Clong
chHChMinhtrongkhiicngtcbingiiVitTrungbngnhinmttch.Chngtithathitmongchvngc(chchamtiHMLach)tmmi
cchthmdvculongchHChMinh..."
Lcchatibnhngymtnng.Chticlthnychochatinghebnhvin.ngnghexong,trmtsuyngh.Cnmtilptcningay:"Chngc
longchnolHChMinhmccanhemlolngquantmnnhvy,chcchnlbitdanhcaNguyniQuc".Bniququytnhinhng
ct.Saubbochti:"Connccnhtthyaicimtrtsng,vngtrncao,sngmidcda,khunmttrixoanxngxng,dngngitm
thc,gingninghekhokhoxNghthchnhlngc"...Cnchatithdn:"Contmmyngibnhcxacathyanglmvicynhhtm
cchaconvoccnhgiamchnhtrphmmtm...".
Theolicha,chtincnhiunictchnhtr,mtkhcdochlngvinngcngsnTrungQucnnchcngnhnhiungchcngsn
TrungQuctmgip.Song,dnnhiunhtmchtichngtmcaiccimnhmtimt.
ChtichpbtgipchatimtbcthgiTngGiiThch(lcangTrngKhnh),yucungtathHChMinhlngithnthchcachati.
ChDicLancngchpbtchochati,vitcchlChnhimVitMinhtiQuLm,vitthgiticconth,bochtinbTrungQucvtchc
HngThpTquct,tngthutlivicnhnsyuncHChMinhmttchbingiiVitTrung,vyucuhgip,tmkim.
Saukhichatimttlu,vomtbuichiugiathng5nm1943,cmtphnlmtchng30tui,mcqunphc,tcuisamtrcngcnhi
nhti.lchLc[1],thaymtPhcqucqun[2]LiuChunthm,vchiabunvigianhtivvicchatittrn.Mtigichlichinhiu
ngylin.ChLclmtphnrtdgnvcim.Thytithiuom,chthongayciolencnmivangmc,anchotimtchicocctay
rtp.Tinhtrongmtbacmtichkmtcuchuyn,gingyhuynb:"...GnyLiuChuxuthinmtnhnvtrtkl,ngytnlHCh
Minh.ngybitnhiungoing:tingAnh,tingPhp,tingTrungQucngnilulu.ngcimtscso,gingnimp,ttn,hanh...Ngheni
ngybchnhphTrungQuccmtgnhainmtriri.GnyTlnhtrngtchinkhuTrngPhtKhugiamlngngtrngCihunLiu
Chu.ngctdogpgviccanhemVitNamcchmngngchhi(VitCch)caNguynHiThn..."
TrongkhichLckchuynsini,tilnnhnmvchDicLan,thyhaingilicnhnnhau,cnggtunh.ChLcktip:"Vbgiamcmlu
trongtnnimtcangcbmi,ngirtyu.Mingikrnghngngyvolcsngsmngcngitrninhnxungcnhnglaxaxa
luynthlc.Trmngynhmt,sngnongcngdysmchybnhiulntchnilnnhirilichyxung.Khinginngln,ngcchy
xungsngLiuGiangbiln.Nhvychtrongmtthigianngnsckhecanghiphc,imttinhtnghn,ilinhanhnhn,hotbthn.
nglmtngiynghlc,khchnmingiLiuChu...".
NmngysaukhichLcvLiuChu,mtilycicngvichthmcuti,ngTrnBo,vccanhchemPhcQucqunang.Mttun
sau,tLiuChuvmtikchochngtinghenhiuchuynvCHChMinh.Mtikrngtrckhivbcbiungcmtchicnhnvngng
sdng,nhngvtnithnongccngnhtquytkhngnhnvni:"Bvccchucnnhiuthiuthn,khkhn.CinychoDicLanchabnh,
cntisngycngtm.Bkhngphibnkhongc...".
SaunathngchDicLanxinnghphpvLiuChuthmngc.Trvchkviti:"Em,ngNguyniQuclmtlnhtlilc,mtconngi
xutchng.Chxincvnchotng,cngvinchyntmlichmscm,emviutrchokhibnh.ngcnicucsngchinkhuthiu
thnvgiankhlm,sckhecachkhngthkhamniu.ngccnkhngnhrng:"Cchmngcataspthnhcngri.Nm1945tasginhc
clp....".Titrnmthich:"Lmsaongccthkhngnhciuchnh?".Chtitmtmci,giithch:"Bivngcnmvngtnhhnhquc
tvcphngphpttng,nghalnmvngduyvtbinchng...Embitkhng,ngclngicckkhimtn.KhincmvimingitrsVit
Cch,ngcnbabtycmgolcmthcnchcraulucchmxduloirtin.Cnchnmimkhnghtmtbtcm.Saukhinxongngc
raschbtvximtbttbncnhchbtchphinht.Lcnichuynngclunxngchvichvlunkhuynchrnluynsckhe."
thmsaumhiticmuniLiuChuthmngckhng.Ticitoetot,mtsnglntrlingaylc,bivlclcuithng6,ticnghh.
Tigiumltuthng7tiphiidinchonhtrngithiht.SrngnumbitskhngchotiiLiuChuna.Cntithhohcmunc
thymtNguyniQucLThy,mtnhnvtnhhuynthoi.
Mcontiphingibt,ggttrnsnxelaiLiuChu.nni,trirngsng.ChngtingixekontrsVitCch,khimingiyangn
sngnhn.Haimconticavomtphngkhchrngch.Mtlcsauchngtithycnhiungibcvophngkhch.Tigingtomt,
uccngthngnhnminginhngkhngnhnraaicdngvnhmtikvitinhiuln.angngngngcgiamingibngthymt
cnhtaykotivttingitrningi.Ngonhlitithylmtngccchmrucmthaththoarm.Thnthicnhthottc.Tingh
ngay:cNguyniQucyri.Khicurutti(NgChnhHc)ngicnhngcamtcu:"Mtsiru,mtxubnh,vibnhCHi".Tici
bnln.
Haimconticbtrmtphngnhtnghai.Thngbuitrakhimingingh,mcontisangphngcaanhNguynThanhng[3]chi.
lcnphngcngtnghai,cmtgingn,mtbnlmvicvdmchicghta.Chmngclivtrchuynvihaimconchngti.Khi
gngi,thntnhthtnhtmnghchngmcatrcontrongtinhcdpbngpht.TibtngcdytichohibngtingPhp,tingAnh,tingNga.
Ritibtngcdytinhyquctv.Vkhngcnhcmnnmtgimttrcmtaynhauitheonhp1,2,3hoc1,2,3,4...cmtlctichnli
vingcdytimaThiccquyn.ngcmartdo,nhiutthrtkhbtchc.Ritilichn,khngmavtheocna.ngccihinhu,
xoau,rimtivolng.Chi:"Lnlnchuthchlmg?".Titrli:"Chuthchhcnhc.Thcckhnghc?".Ccitmtm:"Chthyhc
nghgcngc,minlyunc,lynghphcvnhndn".Ccnkchotibitl:Trongmnhcthgiicnhcsvinhnghaimtlim
lalicnhcshaitaibic,nhnghainhcsuvi.Sngtccahucangitinhthnanhhngcanhndnlaong...
Titmhi:Tisaocxngchvichu?.ngctrligind:Cgu.Vchttuihnthychu.
Vomtbuitrathyngcmcchicqunlenbrchhaiugi,tixincchoticmnglichrch.Buichiungcccuchp34tingng
hviBanchphnhVitCch.Tilidngthigianrtchvequnmnglihaichsnrchmtcchkholo,nhnthongquakhngthbit
c.
Lcnycdchxongcunsch"TrungQucchimnhvn"caTngGiiThchratingVit.SchcphtchocchivinVitCchc.ngcc
nhnnhunbtbnngnquankim.Ctinngclmbrnggi(mthainghntquankim).Nhvytrngngcgyg,homhemhn.Ngheanh
NguynThanhngkliticngthngngchn.
MtbuismanhNguynThanhngdnhaimcontiithmngctrngcihun.Trngnmtrnmtngnicao,chngtiitrnccbctam
cpphihnmilmphtmitinhi.nhilmtkhongtkhrng,bngphngc56nginhtranhrngricbtrrttrtt.AnhNguyn
Thanh ng a chng ti vo mt trong nhng ngi nh . Ti thy n rng mnh mng v khng mt bng ngi, i su vo cui phng n mt chic
gingcnhn(nhmichicgingkhc)anhngnilgingcangc.Chcngcinsngchav.Anhngchochngtibittrungtmny
tphptonnhngngicxuhngchnhtrkhcviQucdnngTrungQuc.NgiphtrchtrungtmnylchnhimchnhtrcaTchinkhu
tngHuChMinh.ngtalngigiitingAnh,thyngcnhmnhuynbc,lchlm,hnnalictngigntrngnhaunnkhtmuhp
trongcccucmo.ngHuChMinhminchongcccbuilnlp,chaccschnhTamDnchnghangcxem...
Mtlcsauthyngcticitngoiivoni:"Timiccvinsng".Ringcachngtinmtquyhngbnhdngi4btsaunnh
vmtatoquynng.Vsautimibitlbansngsangtrngnhtcangc,cnbnhthngthhngsngngcchncholongvida
mui.
MvtiliLiuChukhongmttun.Titimthngatiithmnhngngiquen.MthmTrngBiCng,NguynHiThnvcuruttihn
mtiichi.Mtihikinngc.ngcchni:"inhvyxemclichgkhng?".Mtihiunncomvchotiitheoh.lcucichi
htscmincngvimtatrnhti.TrongmtquntrtingiidinvingNguynHiThn,bntritilngTrngBiCng,bnphilcu
rutti.Mingitngu,tithngonhmtnhnphxvngiqualichobun.TibngnghengNguynHiThnni:"Nyccng,tinghiHCh
MinhlNguyniQuc.Ccngnghsao?".Khinghehnhcntnngc,thnkinhtibngcngthng.Tidngtainghecuchuyncabav,nhng
mtvnlmnhnhnrangoiph.KhiTrngBiCngni:",ticngnghilm,TrnBothythno?CutnghotngXim,cgpThuChn
NguyniQuc,vyycphiNguyniQuckhng?".NguynHiThnchenvo:"Hyl,hyl.CuxemgngmtHChMinhgingNguyniQuc
khng?".Cutitrlingaylkhngphibigngmthainginyhontonkhcnhau.Ricuchuyngiabangichuynsangtikhc.Tikhng
quantmtinhngchuyncahna,mchthytronglngvcngmngr,bichonlcny,cuti(TrnBoNgChnhHc)vnbnhngngi
nhLQuangHoacholphnng.Vnhtiklichomnghe,mni:"CuconbitrmtngNguyniQucmtrlinhvychngtcucon
khngthlkphnliltng...".SaumtiklicuchuynnyvianhNguynThanhng.
TronghikNhtkmtchngng,nhcchmnglothnhLTngSncngnhnxtrngTrnBonmtrongsnhngaibitHChMinhtthik
BcQungChuvtrngHongPh,nhngkhngainiraHChMinhlNguyniQuc[4].
BuichiutrchmmcontivliQuLm,ngcrthaithaitrmquankimmitinhchoti.Vthngngcangmyulithiuthnmib,nnti
khngnnhnstin.ngcnithnoticngkhngchunhn.AnhNguynThanhngbo:"Emnhnichocvui...".Tingcnhnm,thyb
cnggtgtu,khitinhmincngcmhaitbc.lstinnhunbtticnlicangc.Tingcvanhngamcontitichia
tayvicuTrnBocati,ngNguynHiThnvngTrngBiCng.KhicutivTrngBiCngmingichomttrmquankim,tilinnhn
ngay...
SnghmsauanhNguynThanhngnivimti:ngckhenconbkhnvngoanqu,ngccnglinhanhnivimtimunxinMLalm
connuiavchinkhucngngc...Mtitchivkhngnxacon.Misaumtimikchuynnychotibit.
Cuinm1943khiqunNhtspnhxungQungTy,bamconchngtiphiquaLiuChuivphabclnhnn.Thigiantchinkhu
trlitdochoBcH.BcvtrngcxptngbacatrsVitCch,lmvicngymkhngngh.Mtbuichiu,mvtinthmBc,khngng
thititthayitngt.Timcphongphanhnnngihmhpst.BcHlincichicolentrnthcnmhingimcvochoti.Buichiutrc
hmchngtiixelalnphabc,BcHvanhNguynThanhngntinchngti.llncuicngchngtigpBcTrungQuc.Haitayti
nngchicolentrnthlntrBc.BctraingichotiriBcmtivolng.Tinghnnghntrongcmgicvcnggngi,mp,yuthng...
1.Tnm907nnm960TrungQuclmtthiktranhquyncanmdnghthaynhaulmvuagilHuLng,Hung,HuTn,HuHnv
HuChu.Clvchncnhqutctranhotngivua,dntnhkhnkhiung,khivgi,HHngDthnVitNamsinhclpnghip.
2.Gny,nm2000mitmthymcang.
3.Ngynay,vcucsng,dnchngphccniktrnnungvilmnh,nayquangcnhkhngcncnhchatiktrnyna.
1.nnm1944,sdntngln1.116ngi.HHchimgnmtna.
1.Tnhtnm1440,HcLluchngithi,chotinm1918michmdthnthicHnhc.
[1]CnggilThLc,chTL,chThun.SinhqunngKh,CaoBng.Tgiancuinhngnm1940lvngHongVnHoan.Mtvbnhti
Qunhi,QunhLu,NghAn.
[2]PhcqucqunllclngvtrangcaVitNamphcqucngminhhimtlclngchnhtrdoNhthuthun,thnhlpthng2nm1939Trung
Quc.HotngnibtcaPhcqucqunlLngSn,thng9nm1940,khiNhttmcvtbingiiTrungVit.SaukhiNhtviPhpginhocui
thng9,cclclngPhcqucqunbPhpnp.MtbphnrtcsangQungTy,rigianhplclngVitCch.
[3]unhngnm1950cbnhimlmlnhoCcQunhun,BqucphngVitNam.
[4]Nhtkmtchngng,hikcchmngcaLTngSn,NXBVnHc,1978.ThikBcQungChuvtrngHongPhltcuinm1925
nunm1927.
5/18/2017 Tngnimvchati:ChsHHcLm[vii]
Tngnimvchati:ChsHHcLm[vii]
HMLA
Thby,01Thng8201522:38
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GianhchsHHcLm.TPhisang,hngngi:HHclm,HMLa,NgKhnDuy.Hngsau:LThitHng,HDicLan,BiHiThiu
CHNGVII
HINHSNHHCLM
Trongmgpbngsen
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/tuongniemvechatoichisyhohoclamvii 1/6
Lxanhbngtrnglichennhvng
Nhvngbngtrnglxanh
Gnbnmchnghitanhmibn
XinknhdngbicadaopvngnnylnvonglinhngichaknhyucatiChsHHcLm.
Viti,vitvchathtlkh,bivrtnhiuskinxyrakhiticharaihockhiticnqunh,chatrkhnvthctmhiuvghinhmi
viclmcachamnh.Chatihaykchuynquhng,tncbidngthcvquchatt,nhngchamtlnkvcnghincamnhivi
cchmng.ngchabaogicbiuhinttng"cngthn,av".Vsau,chodticngheknhiuchuynvcngccachamnh,trongtm
tngcahaichemti,chlnhnghnhvigind,bnhthngcamtngiyuncmthi.
Nm1946,(saukhibamconchngtivnc)cmtscnbnivichngti:"NucHHcLmkhngmt,cslmChtchnc,cnBcHlnh
ottronghutrng.ldkincaBcH...".Chemchngtithcssngsttrckinvchorngmnhchanhgingvchamnh.
SauanhHTngMungianhhcnivichti:"Maymchmt,nuchcnsng,chckhnglmniChtchncu...".Chemchngticng
lisngst,mtlnnachorngmnhvnchanhgingconngi,trnh,nnglccachamnh.Nmchtihaisutui,timisutuity,hai
chemchngtisngbinhngngicngsn,thyhnithnocngng.(1)
Nmnay2007,titrn77tui,cmbtvitvchamnh,ngic"ngquan"tlu,tivcngthovcuci,vnhngcnghinnhnhngtht
skhngngincachamnh,cbitnhncchlncang,trtuminhmn,sngsutcang.Dnglunkugi"ionkt",songngphnbitr
trngen,phitri,tngcsngkinvvnchuynabnhotngcanhngngicchmngVitNamtVnNamvQungTyvonm1940...
VnBcHdkinchatilmChtchncchlmtncccaBcHkhiNginghnnunm1945cpcchnhquyn,tnhthtnc
sngncntreositc.Chatilchsyunckhngngphi,nhngngbitchnhnghau,bitviccvsnghiplncacchmnggii
phngdongCngsnVitNamlnho.
mbomcchnhxcnhtnh,titmc"SVitNam"caTrnTrngKim,"LchsQucdnngTrungQuc","LchsngcngsnTrung
Quc",hikcaLThitHng:"TiclmngihctrnhcaBcH","Gitncbinc"caHongVnHoan...
Nunhticntr,sphitmclchsthgii,NhtBnvTrungQuc...thkXIXvnauthkXXphisutmyccbilunvnngtrong
"Binhstpch"HngChut1916n1927,haikboVitThanhthng1vthng2nm1936...tmhiuyconngichati,thtrakhngphi
d,nhngnaytuiqu"claihy"vviimtbtula,ccvicvttmtaycati...
**
Khongcuinm1937chativanhVniquaVuH.Saukhinbacmchiataykhchsntmtmthtrnny,cnhchpnhknim,yltm
nhknimthhaicacnh.Chavmngi,tinggia,ngsauttrisangphilLTnDn,HDicLan,LQucTrvanhVn.Trongnhcha
titrnggygviimtmtmi.Khichamcbnhtimto.Mtichorngchabtimtovmtlntmttrnvphp,trongtikhngctin,ng
phiiluvxela.nkhingisotvxuthin,nglinchunracatoa,anglctuchy,ngnhyxungvbngau.Naynghli,nguynnhntim
tochcldochatibhensuynlunm.Thigianlm"Luthchnhim"phnvthudncquanTngHnhdinhQucdnnglnTrngKhnh,cng
vichtscbbnvbnrn,phnvNhtmngybnphthnhphNamKinh,tinhthnbmtmicch,phnvsuynghvcchixcaQucdn
ngTrungQuclraiugkhngbnhthng...
1Chatihnchyutduyvmtqunskhivit"Bcthhink".BcthbclttngngsngdmngvibnTng.Tichorngnhng
nm19301933,khiQucdnngTrungQucnghiLQucVnglmginipchocngsn,anhlilngithnthchvichati,ttnhinhcngt
duhivchati.Nhngvkhngtmcchngc,hnhyn.
2NhiulnQucdnngTrungQuctnhnghinhnghotngcachativnhngngiVitNamcngbotrclinquanncngsn,chonn
nm1936,tuyhchothnhlpMttrnVitMinhsongkhngtrcpmtkhonkinhphnonghotng.Hnna,bnNghimKTchccboco
gviQucdnngTrungQuc(thamkhohikLTnDn,ongpNghimKT)vbnQucdnngVitNamtmcchphshotngca
VitMinh(CaoHngLnhkviti).DocuicngtchcVitMinhkhnghotnggngk,cnboVitThanhrachaikthnhbn.
3HinkthcangkugionktmingphiyuncchngNht,hmonktvingCngsnTrungQuc(ttkhnghpviquanimca
Tng).Qua,hnTngnhnthyxuhngttngcachatikhcvih.
4KhimtsngliukhuynchativoQucdnngTrungQuc,thychatitchikho,chchtduhivtincycachati.
BniutrndnnkhiTnghnhdinhcaQucdnngTrungQucdivTrngKhnh,hloichatira.
ChativqunkhuTrngSadoTrngTrTrunglmTlnh.,hchatingilnhlng,khnggiaocngvicgquantrng.Sckhecang
ngycngkm,chonnngcngbungxui.ngnghnhnggnglmthamgiacchmngphnphongphnTrungQucdislnhocaTn
TrungSnthnglmVitnhnglunvnquns,thammumtscngvictcchinBTngthammuNamKinhmkhnggyhichovicchng
qunphit,ngcnglm.Ngoiranhngvicvnchuyn,cungcpkhtiqunsdotrncho,ngbucphilm(nhngchcngcngcphnan
tmvkpchuynnhngtinmtnychongcngsnTrungQuc)nhngviclmchocchmngVitNam,ngcngsnVitNam,ngcnglmy
.Txtmnhkhngxuthi,khnghmdanhlinnhbbnngliu,cptrn...ngthymnhkhngciugphihthnvimnh,vianhemngch.
Tuyngoing,lngngkhinocngnghvccngchNguyniQuc,PhngChKin...nghncuccchmnggiiphngdntcphidongcng
snngDnglnhomithnhcng.ngnhnmnhionkt,phthuymilclngtrongnc...Chonncthni"Bnhinkth"cangvit
choTngGiiThchlsuyngh,ltmt,nguynvngcangivitncmnh.ngnivigianh:
"Gimnhcnggiyu,snghipcuncchtrngchccanhemcngsntr.NaybnTngixmnhnhvycngc,cignglmthcng
lmri...".
NaychikcaLThitHng,tischiuracuni"Cignglmthcnglmri".Chngtivnnghngngscumangvnuidnganhem
cchmng,naymihiuiungmunnisuxanhiu.
Cgianhtiligpnhauvocuithng10,uthng11nm1938.SaumtiliTrngSa,titheochvchDng,ningquncaLTnDn.
TTrngSavchDngchkhong100cys,chonntinxequns,haichemvitunlivTrngSathmchamtln.Byginhli,Timihiu
rngchLanhayqualiTrngSakhngchthmcha,mcnnlinhvicsngcngsnTrungQucTrngSa,chunbihckhuxvit
ThimBc.
Cmtcuchuynvui:
Hm,saukhincmtraTrngSavichamti,anhLThitHnglichicxeconahaichemvchDngngaygiatra.Clvanhungmt
chnru,lixelubunng,cuicngcixebnvchnglntrigiarung.Khichvtingingsau,timhpructrngtmangggtng,
bngthyunhmtci,khnghiuchuyng,mtlcsauminhthnthyhaichemnmlnngctrongxe.AnhTnDnmcaxe,chvtilmcmb
ramibitxeblnngc...Nhngbangikhngvicg,tichmtmtchicrng.
Ngii,nhngngiyucchmnghqutrngchati.Hnhgicaonghaccachati,htnchatiltngQucdnng,btchpvicti
thanhminhchatichltrungt(hkhngtiniu).Tikhngthchbtcmtloihoquangnokhoclngianhtivngaycbnthnti,vlloi
hoquanghudanhvthc.Tithosinhtrngtrongmtgianhnhiuthhhotngcchmng:bni,cLa,cantrngvnc,ccPhanBi
Chutnvinhdanhhiu"TiuTrng",chanuihngchcngicchmng,chyulnhngngvincngsnhnnachatngcumtsngi(cng
sn)bQucdnngtnhnghilcngsn.
HTngMu,LTnAnhlhaithanhnincchmngnvigianhtismnht.Nm1921,LTnAnhtheohongthnNguynCngxttnmt
thmPhpPhanBNgc.HaianhtnggicngchatithamgiatchcVitNamthanhnincchmngngchhi.Saukhichatilmtnhbobanmvi
LThitHng(19301933),LTnDnLThitHng,hilytnlLQucVng,tnggicngchatithamgiangcngsnngDng,chatit
chi:"Tituigiscyu,vongnhckhivsckhekhngpngcviyucucangthharacli.Mcdtikhngphingvin,
ngcng,tislmhtlngthcsaouch.DicLansnoigngHoaMcLaninhTngthaychainhgic,nsthayti.TigiaoDicLan
choccanh...".
Ringtrongtmhntinhgirtcaonhncch,phmchtvccachati.Thikhimnhng,lilntn,cch,ingkhoanholphong
cachati.Mtitnhthng,nngny,suychocngcngkhngtrnhkhihphidophilotoanvicnitrcagianhln.Dochaticcndncc
ch:
"Vtinngtnh,haynilinhtinh,lmbm,dsaocnglnb,ccanhngcchp.Chynhnvoti...ChuynnyvsauHongVnHoanklivi
ti.
Cmtngvincngsntngxcphmsaulngchati,ngvnbqua,htlngcngtccngviccchmngvianhta,khngmymaytmtthig
vianh.ngvnni,thanhnintnhkhcngcnghnghi,bngbtnhngcvic,nngnylnhcimkhngtrnhkhi,ngchph,mhy
vvicln.
ngchtrngonktrngritranhthmikhnngcunc.Tuynhinngchnghhchtno.Vdngni:"NguynHiThnctinhthn
yunc,cnglthhngDu.SaunycPhanmt,bytinhrnmtu,nnThncngnhlyvTrungQuc,vvsinhkphiilmthybi.
Nhngnucdphotng,ngtacngstsng,chcmitnhthamlinh,ngicngsn.Timingtathamgia"VitMinh"chclichochngta,khng
nnngi.gil"VitNamclpvnngngminhhi",cngnhiuphe,ng,cngllchnttchochngta,bnTngsbtnghingshotng
cachngta".
Nhtrnk,chatiauyu,nhngngvnlmvictchccngym,luntheodithicucthgiicngnhTrungQuc.Tnhhnhcuncngnm
cchyudavoccngvincngsn.ChatirtkhmphcNguyniQucctmnhnxavsusc,rtmnphcnhngthanhninnhLTn
Anh,ThiLai(HHuyTp),MnhVnLiu(PhngChKin),LHngPhong,chDuy(NguynThMinhKhai)...ngnhgicaotinngvnghlccah.
Tivnsuynghvthcmc,tnghichLanvmti,tisaongkhngchuvong.ChLanvnnghlvchatisckheyu,cnmtini:"Chacon
theochnghaQucgiacaPhanBiChu(tcchnghadntc)".TnTamdnchnghacaTnTrungSncchatitintng.Vyttngcacha
tilg?Phichngldntcdnch?CcngvincngsnvnchoTamDnchnghacaTnrthnch,khngctmttngcaonhchngha
McLnin.ylkhongcchvquanimgiangviccngvincngsn.
ChatihontonkhngnghnglittngphnngtnbocaTng.Chonnkhixyra"SbinTyAn"(TrngHcLng,DngHThnh
miTnglnTyAnbnkchngNhthayhamviNht.TnglnTyAn,vngcncqunscaTrngvH,nigipranhvivngcang
cngsnTrungQuc,TngbTrngcmgivldo:nuTngkhnghptcvingCngsncngnhauchngNhtskhngthTngvNam
Kinh).Chatiklicuchuynvithirtthv.Vtrong"thhink"ngkhngnirnnonktvicngsn.Nhngngnghonktccng
phitinb,nglngkhngNht...
KhnghiuycphilsgpnhauvttnggiaNguyniQucHChMinhviHHcLmhaykhng.BcHcchnglchnghacngsn,
chdalngCngsnvqunchngcchmng.CnHHcLmchcchnglchnghaDntc.Chdacanglsgipvstintng
lclngcngsnlnhngngithcsyunc,lmcchmngvsnghipgiiphngdntc.
ivingicngsn,hchathhilngvichativhchongkhngcquanimgiaicp,lptrnggiaicp.iunythiimlmtmtmt
cn.
CnhngtiliuniTrngKhnhlniBcHgpHHcLmnm1939.Erngkhngchnhxcvaim.
HHcLmnTrngKhnhcuithng10nm1937(tNamKinhnTrngKhnhchlnhnhncngtckhonggnmtthng).Theoccngun,thik
BcHkhngTrungQuc.
Chchaingigpnhaunm1939QuDng.yllcchQucTramti,vtiiCnMinhtmgpchDicLan.
Trc,cuinm1939,PhngChKinhailntCnMinhvQuDng,thphtnhQuChunBcHnhngukhnggp.Lnthhai,Phng
ChKinvngVnCp(higilThc)gpchamti.Tiphngon:PhngChKinclyachcagianhchngtinhngvlia
ch"BinsxBtlqun"hoc"TnHoathim"ltrsbmtcangCngsnTrungQuc(thnhphnocngcTnHoathim,nghalu
ctrsbmtcangCngsnTrungQuc),ngthilichhaingbachcaTrnhngHi(VAnh)...
Quachuynhotngtnhbo,chngttinhthngibmtcachaticngrtcao.ngrthiutnhbpxpcav.Nhnggngnivimtiuthuc
loikhngngbomt.
SaukhiPhngChKinnhncthchati,mtthigiansau(chccngkhongnathnghaymtthng),BcHviccanhPhngChKinmigpmt
CnMinhvanhKincabcthcangLmchoBcxem.
Trvchchnh,chatitheochnghadntc,dnch,nlnghaysai,huthsphnxt.
Chatichtrngionkt.ngnigillmcchmnggiiphngtnc,phitranhthmithic,milclng,mikhnng.Chatickh
nngonktrngrinnbnVHngKhanhhtscnngc.NguynHiThntuycnglatuivichati,ngcngrtquchati.Vthiquanim
chatikhch,nhnghkhngcchngcgktlunngltheocngsn.BinhngniviNguynHiThn:"BnmnhxutdngngDuvmc
chcunc.Ktccbnmnhchnglmcgvbygichngmnhugiri.Bnthanhninchngnhnghi,xngxo,lmcvic,hyh
lmthaychngta.nggykhkhnchoh...".
5/18/2017 Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm(viii)
Hitngvchati:ChsHHcLm(viii)
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ChngVIII
CongiThnSn
MtitnlNgKhnDuy,lcongiccaThnSnNgQungphlnhbinhcaPhannhPhng.ngngoitilngimutr,gand,tinghngc
lnginhnhnvccknhanhnhn.ngnhiulntrnthotsvylngcagicPhpccvngnicngnhtrnsng,donhndnphongng
lThnSnThnhThy.
SauthtbicanghaqunPhannhPhngVQuang,ngngoititrntrnhstruylngcagicPhpvtphpccbnchinu,ccnghasgy
dngcsnhngsnghipddang.
ngqulngTama,xThnLnh,huynNghiLc(NghAn)naylxNghiHng.ThnLnhltnxsauCchmngthngTm1945lytnhainh
cchmngaphng:ThnlThnSnNgQungLnhlTrngVnLnhngilngTuyAnh,naythucxNghiPhng.TrngVnLnhvnlthanh
nincnggioyuncxutdngsangTu,ttnghipTrngQunsHongPh,lngvincngsnTrungQuc,thamgiaQungChucngx.
ngLnhlngicnhiucnglaovicchmngTrungQucvVitNam.ngvncnm1940,bPhpbtvcmt.XThnLnhnaygmccx:Nghi
Phng,NghiHng,Nghing.
Nhnnhlctr,mtilmtngiphnxinhxn,nhnhn.Btnhrtnhanhnhn,hotbt,haycTruynKiuvthng.Bkmchatichntui,
nghalsinhnm1893.Mticimtnhanh,rtscso,ngtmuhixanhlc.Mtilngickhnngngoicmvtilintngbrtgingng
ngoiti.CutilNgChnhHccgngmtrtgingmtinghalbachaconcNgQungrtgingnhau.
Theomk,ngngoinayy,mai,dophigibnhcurutanhbngoitimtlngvensngLa.Cuithng81946,saukhitTrungHoav
VitNam,mcativqungoiHTnh,nhngngbbngtuigimtiloQung.Nginhconchungcuhunhkhngcnai...Mv
thmvitingriikhilnglun.(Hiticnngnghqu,chonnkhngghinhtnlngxgc).
Bni,qungngoitilngTama,NghiLc,NghAn,qucivchakpcconngbnhtheocPhannhPhng.Bngoiramtilv
thhai,ngiHTnh.Sinhmticvibatuithbsinhthmmtemgi.Mtitnhkhngcgncham.VsaubngoitibPhpbtvlv
"gic"vmchttrongt.Ngiemgithtlcukhngbit.
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclamviii 1/4
Bk:Vthngemgimnhlnlitheochngy,chonnngcurtthngvcngmti.Bkhtnhng,mrtghtb,nhngcurtmc
cngchiu,dotnhtnhmcngcanhcihn.SaukhicPhannhPhngmmt,nghaquntanr,ngngoivntiptchotng,thnghaytpkch
vodoanhtriPhp,chngcmtclm,lngsckhpni,ngngoisutbbtnhiuln.nglytncongilmtnmnh.VsaulytnlNgChnhhot
ngccvnglngomtthigian.
Mktip:Lncuicngngconbsnuirorit,ngtrnlnniNgnHng(HngLnh),chngxngtrng,ngtrnkhini,bitbbnny
sangbty,citrangthnhnginci(tiuphu)vchytrnsangLo,risangXim.Nmmhnmitui,tnglmgiaothnglinlcchoccnhm
hotngbmt.Nm16,17tuimsangXim,hcchNhovicngThcHa.Mhcgii,lunngulp,ccngThcHartqu.Ml
nimthocangngoicon.Nm19tui,mccngThcHaasangTrungQuchccngmtsthanhninyunckhc.KhiXim,mi
ngigingngoitilcKhn.
NhlinhgiacngThcHavcPhanBiChu,mticgivohctrngcHoantcaongtiuhctiKhcGiang,Qungng.Hc6
nm,bttnghipnm25tui,quamilicacPhanBiChu,chamtilynhauHngChu.HainmsauthsinhchtiHDicLannm1920(khi
b27tui,chati36tui).Thnghalhaingblynhaunm1918.
Vsinhnnhiuln,conchtyu,bbchnthngtinhthn,nhngchatikhngbitmttg.Bk,clnxongconcht,bkhngng3thng10ngy
lin,cthymtconngatrngchyquatrcmt.Sauungnhiuthucbcmikhichngmtngvogic.Saunytikchobnblbcs,hcho
rngbbtmthnt,nhngvtrongnhkhngaibit,khngchadtim,chonnbnhtmthnhoangtngnngdnln.
Bnhtmthncamticngquiclm.Khngaibitbcbnh,bkhngpph.Bhaycuvnilinhtinh,mingi(ccngchcngsntrong
nh)cholbkhtnh,khtkhevhaymngmnginyngin.Ccngchtrongnhbngmtkhngbnglng,nghlbticmingnvianhem.
Ngaychaticngkhngbitnguncnsuxavmti.Byginghlitimithybnhcammnhltmthnhoangtng.
Mtilunnghingngixungquanhghtmnh,nixuvmnh,doctnhinvcsinhstrongnh.Vsau,blunnghikccvQucdnng,
lumanhangtheodi,munhmhib.Trongtaiblunnghevngvngtingngitanixumnh(bhaytmsvitinhvy,vbttitheodingi
tamtngihngxmTrungQucangnixugb.Nhngtichnghnghethyainigvbc,chthyhkchonhaunhngchuynvuvnh,
"rngttrntrithvirngxunghtncnhthno".Cnb,tirtthvnhngcuchuynnhth.
mtiphatrnlnlncithngminh,scso,trngngha,trngngiti,yunc,thchlmvicngha,victhin.Nhngvtnhnghik,sinhrakhtnh,
canhci,tcaoti,coithngngikhc,mtstngikhcthngcnhkhitrimnh,sngkhngmmdo,khololylngngikhc...
NhngngchnhThiLai(HHuyTp),LHngPhong,chDuy(NguynThMinhKhai),anhLiu(MnhVnLiuPhngChKin),mtihtlicangi:
Hlnhngngitigii,khngtpnhphaynixungchcamnh,bittntrngngikhc...Bchmtsngchtrongnhltrnhvnha
thpnhnglicschbo,khngcchtinth,vcngringh,chuynnixunhau...
Thcrakhngttrongsnhngnginhti,dotrnhvnhathp,nhnthccnnhiuhnch,nhnglichthiciLinXhcchnhtr.Thik
sau19341935,ngCngsnTrungQucgprtnhiukhkhn,khngtociukinchoccngchVitNamsangLinXhc.Snginycng
khngvnchotng.liTrungQuc,hkhngctrnhg,chonnchaticngkhngkimcviclmchoh.Mtkhc,hcngsngtheokiu
bungxuivchi...TinhcanhVnngiLo,anhhinlnh,vnhathp,tipthuchm,LQuangHoagipanhhcqucng(asnhngngi
nhtikhngccschboTrungQuc),hcmtskinthcchnhtr...AnhVncnganhGiai,c,Thc(ngVnCpsauny)gipmtilmvic
nh,cngmtiichba,nunnghngngy.MtskhcnhLQuangHoa,ngTrnh,Hi(PhiVn,NguynHuCn),ngA(TrnQucTun)
v.v...laudnnhca.ChQucTrcngthucloivnhathp,chilmnghcttckimtin.LTnDnlculBantrng(trungitrng)vsau
lnLintrng(iitrng)Binhoncgii(TrungQucgilKhxabinhon).Khilychtih1937,anhlLinph(iiph).ThikLoH
KhulDinhph(Tiuonph,clvlngingoiquc,hchchogichcph).LQuangHoavitchpnnm1938lchunyvnthtrong
quniQucdnngTrungQuc.Saunytiphngon(trconucbitvicvmiquanhgiangiln)mtictivinhiungchcng
sn.Hnhcngliubtcd,ngoimthtravuiv,trongbnghtsckhngbnglngmti.
KhihaimcontitiLiuChutmgpCH,cutilTrnBocng.MingicnghiTrnBophnbi,vthycutithiknygiaoduvi
NguynHiThn,TrngBiCng.Mtihaymngcutillmdanhgianh.Cutitrli:Khqu,chchnghiugc(?).Dsao,cutikhng
choNguynHiThn,TrngBiCngxcnhcHChMinhchnhlNguyniQuc.Trc,nm1938,cutichpniviidinng
CngsnTrungqucchochtivngCaoHngLnhihckhucncxvitThimBc.
Cnbnhmtimcphilchngtmthnphnlpngymttintrin.Cnbnhny,nghlithtngs.Ngibnhkhnghbitmnhcbnh,bntai
hluncnhngtingnivngvngvsthght,hmhi.Ngingoikhngthbit,vkhngthtinmtimcbnh,vbkhngpphg,ninng,
suynghrttnhto,tinhtng.Cha,chvtikhnghbitmcbnh,chringanhLTnDnbit,nhngclanhcngphngonvythi.
Saukhithytimt(1943),cuinm1945,Chnhphtachonginbamcontivnc.TrongnhngnmkhngchinchngPhp,mtisnglng
Qunhi.Bcthamgiamtscngtclngvcktnpvongcngsn,cbulmChtchHiLinVitcalngQunhi.Saunm1954,
mtichuynraHNi,lmvictiboNhnDnvsngvigianhnhcati.
HNi,khongnhngnm1960,1970,clntinichuynvianhLThitHng:
"Anhnh,khiTrungQuc,ccchtrongmnhnhghtm,clhchorngmticmingn,haymcnhvytht?".
Anhni:
"Khngphiu,mtnhnngvthng,hi"inin",emvSinh,(chngti,hasngcSinh)ngchpm,vmcbnh.Doanhemkhnghiu
chmkhngctnhnhmnnhvyu...Msinhnnhiulnmkhngnuidngc,chonnmbunsinhrachngyuthnkinh...".
Nm1977,mtimngchisutm,nghimtcuthiuninhngxmtuibuxuhnhmnhdnBchMai,nghicongimnhncptincamnh...C
lcbcdnvt,chibi,lmsixngnithtnmctimuntt.MtightanhSinhlm,ticngkhnghiuvldog.VthngchutrailHin,
mi8,9tui,timinguicngh.AnhLThitHngaxenmtiibnhvinTmthnThngTn.nbnhvin,tonngiin,csvt
chtrttitn.Tithngmqu,khcncn.Bahmsau,tiyucuanhHngchoxenmtiv.Cucsngliino.Chominhthnginth
thtkhngn,khngthyntmc,nmv,cucsnggianhlinhangc.
Mthm,bThanh(NguynThThanhvnlvngLnhThip),cnbchnhschVnphngTrungngng,nnirngschomtivtri
"dnglo"dnhchonhngngiccngvicchmngAnDng.tonccbmcncconhysinhtrongchintranh.Csviukinmi
mtvithibygiln.Mticringmtbung.Doticngtmyntm.Nanmsau,bThanhniviti:
"Chngemnkhcvich,kulbclmchocnhsngkhngyn,hichcthgibvuckhng?Mtthngnngmphikhcthkh
qu,chonnchmixinchocvy...".Khitimivl,clnghcinghaivingHHcLm,chonnVnphngTrungngxlnhvy...
NhngnghnlnhbThanh,bthnghaivchngtinnmigiptntnhnhvy,lkhongthng10nm1977.Trc,bThanhcngi
mtivochabnhbnhvinEmtthng.Bcs,yt,bnhnhnlunkutrivskhtnh"inin"camti.
nunm1980thmtimt.
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Chtilcongiulng,sinhnm1920khimti27tui,chati36tui.TnkhaisinhcachctheomHnVitlHDicLan.Diccnghacngl,clchamtimong
congiscnhnngMcLanthiTng,thaychanhgic,trnngtrunghiu.
ChtiraiHngChu,lnlnHngChu,tnhhcrtgii,mi16tuittnghipTrunghc.Chlngicnngkhiuvnhcvcch
munhclnihcngnhvnchng.Nhngdosmthamgiahotngcchmng,theotrolu"vsnha"v"trthccngnngha",vdonhng
ngicchmngtrongnhtithuytphcchamachtivolmcngchomtcsnuitm.
Vndchcsckherttt.Vihcvlmcsvahcvalm"TrngTtm",ni,mcrt,mtrctrngnomtmndi,chtmtthiun
ynbinthnhmttiuthgyg,myu.SaukhivhnnhvlyanhLTnDn,chungthucbc,bidngsckhe,hnnakhichmi17,
18tui,chonnsckhephchikhnhanh.Nhngtiunm1938,chiThimBc(KhucangcngsnTrungQuc),cucsngcngiannanhn
thiktrngnuitm.Chtikvimvti:
"VngThimBccclnh,dnphiohangngtrongni.TrngThimCngcngvy.Vngnit,chvmingiortnhiuhang,
ngitronghanghmt,ngm,tuytphdycngkhngvicg.Mangrtqu,mtthngmitmmtln,ncnngdi,githirchda.Mtln
lpconihnhqunrnluynscchunggiankh.Cicvba,bnchccys.Mtanhtronglpvtinv,chncngqu,nuncnngngm
chn.Vangchnvochu,anhhtlnmtting,ngngti.Mingichyti,thymingnchnanhrngtrongchu,tanhthnhngitnph.
Do,vsauihnhqunv,chndcngnu,khngaidmngmncnng,chlybntayxoachotangiringmncmmthi.ingoitrirt
auhaitrngmt,mitmtikhngaidmkhnm,chdmbctuytxoalnmtvmi.Cthngchnbnhlmbngboboviukhommui.Mi
thngcnthtmtln.Cngchngaictin,chodctincngkhngcgmua...oqunqundngdoqunicppht.Martaicngmcqun
obngdi,qunxcp...".
Sgiankhmchtikngheththihng."ChngtrnhhclllunMcL(gmTbnlun,Duyvtbinchng,Duyvtlchsv.v...).Lunvntt
nghipmtanhu,connh".Tithovch,nhngcigiphitrqut.KhivtiLoHKhu,chgipranhgiaKhuviKhuTrng,chti
mcbnhlao.Khichtichintnghnghngho.Sngra,mttrngbnh,haigichiuhaimhyhy,mthaigimstnh,lhintngs
nhimlao.lxunhnm1939.Vthikkhngcthucctr,vlikhngctinungthucb,nungy,vsauphichbvitrnglaon
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclamiv 1/4
thnhhang.Vcucsng,chtivnphilmvickhuya.n25thng6nm1946,bamconvtiHiPhng.Saukhivnc,bcsTnThtTngkim
trasckhevktlunchtiblaoxng.
ThikLoHKhuvianhTnDn,anhhtscdnhdmtinchtiungthucbcvnungbibsckhe.Saunychtitmsviti,"tuy
khngyuanhy,nhngchphicngnhnanhlngichngtt,lmtngvintrungkinvingchchctnhthngivianhythi.Vhaitm
hnkhcnhauqu.Anhychbitvquns,khnghiugvvnhcnghthutvkhngchtrungcmgvvnchng...Trong3,4thngdngbnh
vianh,chvitmtbtiuthuyt10vnch,nivthanhninyuncTrungQucthamgiacchmngnhthno,vitvnhngngibnnghcca
ch.Ticrngkhiikhngmangtheoc,chgianhygih.Rtcuc,trongmttrnnggiaquncahaibn,anhrtluibngxecgii,vtbn
thocachli,khngchtthngtic...".Chnivigingrtaubun,xtxa,ltmhuytcach,lxngmucachnhngngythngsngvng
ThimBcTrungQuc.Mahnm1939,chvvimvem,khiti9,10tui,chti19,20tui.Haichemhaytmsvinhau.Ttnhin,tinghe
lchnh.Chcrngquaimtvtinhthnchmchlngnghecati,chtmthyschias,ngcmsuscaemgibnhcamnh.Vili,ngoi
tira,chticnbittmsviaina.Cnhngchuynchchkvitivibtnhngninimtrntr.Chtilngiasuacm.Nhngbygi,khi
tilntui,hitngli,timithcshiuniaukhcachmtcchsuscvcayng.
Thtvy,haichemcchxanhaumitui,chltmgngsngcati,tiyuch,sngbichvchunhhnglnchnhnghlcvlnghiuhc.
cctiuthuytvnhcTrungQuc,NgaX,Php,tiuctheoshngdncach.Bnchniticcpmtgitrctui.Nhngsaunytibvavp
rtnhiuvcucivtisngquvngdivii,khnghiutisaobnchlicnhnxttinhvy?Clvti,chunhhngcach,smhnh
thnhltngivicucsng,"ltng"trnnmtsmmngvinvng,quvinvng.lldotisaoticci"ti"trart"khn",nhngkhi
vavothct,nlichngttirtkhdi.
Cui1941QuLm,khigianhtibnkiasngLygiang,chDicLantchcmthiknnghincuchnghaMcdochlmttrng.Nhiubnb
cachtithamgia.Mtinhnnhmtcchtho:Milnhpmthychcontrnhbyllunrtvngvng.
Saukhichatimt,mithunhpchtrngivochti.Volckhkhnycakinhtgianh,ccbnb,ngnghipcachtilccnhbo,nhvn
TrungQucgitinhtr.
Nm1943,khigianhtidichuyndntQuDngvTrngKhnh,chDicLanblybnhthnghndochyrntrnccchuynxe,xutcht.
NhngchuyninycmtsbnbTrungquctntnhgip.Trc,ngChuChMinlcpdicaanhThitHnggipmtivtidi
chuyntLiuChuvQuDng.Sau,chDicLannhbnmnhlhaianhemLLmatitQuDngvTrngKhnh.
Khichintranhthgiithhaiktthc,TrngKhnhdylnphongtrohcsinh,sinhvinrtsini.ChngtitibiutnhtrcphtngthngcaTng
GiiThch,nucaokhuhiuyucuQucCnghptc.Vnh,trongtmtrngbngbt,tihichti:Chcphilngvincngsnhkhng?Chti
cihmhnh,nhntibngcpmtsnglonglanh:Khng.Chnidititheonguyntchotngbmt.
Chtithamgiacchmngtkhicnrttr.Chodcucicachkhngdi,hnhbngcachcnnglitrongkccaccnhcchmngtinbi.
ChnghnnhtronghikcchmngNhtkmtchngng,ngLTngSncnitichti[1].
Nm1944ngLTngSncgiaonhimvthmnhpvoVitNamCchmnhngminhhi.ylmttchccTnglpragmccthnhvin
caVitNamQucdnngvVitNamphcqucngminhhi,nhmphcvchokhochHoaqunnhpVit.ngSnchobit,mtsthnhvinVit
MinhcmttiLiuChulccctihtrchong.l:ccanhHongin,TrngKh,MinhQuang,NguynThanhng,TrnLm,anh
Sinh,chHDicLan,congingHHcLm.
ngSnvittip:TigiithiuchHDicLanvottuyntruyncaVitCch.Mtsuvinkhngmun,nhngkhngdmphni.Hxxorngch
DicLanlngicacncThimBccangCngSnTrungquc.
ClnTiuVncngnivitivchtvntisaoliachLanvoHiVitCch.TinirngcylngiVitNam,conmtnhcchmng,nu
ngcavinhngnginhvythtrivinguyntcionktcaHiVitCch.TiuVnni:TisctalngicaTrungCng.
Vit,tbtibitchtiyuTrngNQun,mtbnhcngiTrungQuc.lmitnhususc,caopcaicongiythmngvc
mcachti.Dottngphongkin,hphivchk,chamtivtnhsmbpchtmitnhupcachti.Nhrachticthphttrinti
nngvnhccamnh,nhngkhngthnh,vttngvsnha,hctthi,lmlchnh.Thikcnhnhngcchmng,chtikhngthchncch
sngkhcc.Ktccchtichtkhimi26tuiu.
Cllcucsng!Saukhichtivncmtthigian,gianhanhLThitHngmunanhylyvlsinhchuchtn.AnhHngcngkhngchu
nis"gabakhicnsng",chonnanhnuvnnyvichti.Chtikhngthchpnhnlisngnhth,ngthi,chkhngckhnngsinhcon
choanhyc.Chngvimtyucu:chochclyd.Nhng,trongphmchtoccngsncaanhHngliphanhumttngphongkin.V
anhymunchtivnlvc,quanhgiahaingitrnnkhgaygt.
Tingh,anhHngkhngmunmnhtrthnhngiphnbingivthuhnvi,doanhphibovdanhting"chungthy".Chtitrli:"Tikhng
quenlmvccaaic.Tilmtphnclp...".
Vthychtiqumyu,anhHngbitchti"gnt,xatri",anhphinhngb,khngilyvna,vraVitBcnhnnhimvmi.Thlxong.
Trckhii,anhspxpchnchuochochti.Nghalanhvnlmtngichngc"thychung".Suychocng,anhcngccikh,vcngkhng
thsngkhcc.
AnhHngtuykhnglyvlngay,nhngvicanhilyvlcngcoinhmtcsc,gytthngchochti.Sckhechtingycngxui.Thtra,
chticngqu"ltngha"ngicngsn.Vvy,chbdnvtvaukhmtcchungcng.
KhiBchNgc,Lng,NghAn,chni:"Chnhcucsngycayng,chuaxt,khinchcngmunsng,nuchsng,chsvitvngii,chcmth
ttngphongkinchplnnhngngiphn...Emi,chkhngmunchtem...".Tithngch,lithnthccachnhcondaomvotritim
ti,nunhcphpl,tisnsngchtchticsng.lsuynghhtscchnthnhcatiivichti.Nhngilmgcphpl!
Cltrong27tuii,chtichctssinhn15,16tuilsngchnhphc,lhnhphccamtthiuncnhc,vtlchanmtrimt
tricuci.
Chtini:"Chlvthysinhcangikhc,chkhngcquynsngnhmtconngingsng".
Khichtininhngiu,tihiucach,nhnghiumtcchhihtnngcnvtimi16,17tuii...
Vsau,milnhitng,lngtithtauxt,tichcmimtngichyuqumtihngsngbi.Cnhnglc,tithmtrchchativrtonhnm
ti.
[1]Nhtkmtchngng,hikcchmngcaLTngSn,NXBVnHc,1978,tr.149150.
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Tiyuthchmnhctnh.Nm19361937khihclpmt,ticbmdnixemphim,nhcnhctrongphimvtirtthchhcpiano.
Cnghlnhmnhgiuc,tinglivicha:"Thyimuachoconcipiano".Chatinhnhngbo:"Khngctincon!"."Thmuachoconnharmonium...","Nh
mnhcngkhngmuaniucon".Tingcnhinlmvnghtrongbng:"Lnh,nuinhiungithmthybokhngctin".Byginghli,thymnhngltr
conchbitg,pianochcgianhtsnthimictinmua.Harmoniumtuyrhnpiano,nhngcngtotinlm.Tinthucthangbidngchochaticngkhng
c,mingnhngngydnhchochaticnggingnhchomingitrongnh.Mcdchatiltrctcagianh,ninngtacanhiungchcchmng,nhng
chatichngcsnguighnmingi,song,ngrthanh,vuivvimingi,khnglmaicmccmlphinnhu.Hcoigianhtilnhca
h.
Saukhichatimt,tivnhcphthngQuLm.Cuinm1944,bamcontichuynvTrngKhnh.TiytihctrngDcTi.trngnyhcsinhc
nuin,hckhngmttin.Trngnydynhiumnhcnh:vnhc,vtl,ton,hahc,hiha,kch,mnhc...Tithchmnhcnnxinthivokhoamnhc.Sau
mtnmhcvnha,tithivotrng,theohnngkhiu,vcnhphc.Lclcuinm1944.
TrngDcTiQuLmdomtnhnslngoHnhTri.ngvnngngiHoahingoivccnhhotmtrongncngtinlpratrngDcTi
ny,dnhchotremcnhdochintranh.Hcsinhchckhngmttin,ngycnhaibacho,mtbacm.Mithng,hcsinhchngtitivnchuyngo
tbnsngTrngGianglntrngmnh,nmtrongmtngicha.Chngtivahcvanitrtrongngicha.Cln,mtphionAnh(hayM?)tithmtrng.
Thygiovitmtbidinvndi,yucutictrcphion,hnlgiithiuvingincngoirngtrngDcTinhnctremkhngphigcngiHoa.
VicnhcDcTichophptilmgimgnhnngphichucpchochti.Saukhitheohccmtnmri,ticthychnhimChenInshin(saunylch
huydnnhcnitingcaTrungQuc)biudnglhcnhctinbnhttrongnhm.Thtra,trngnghonnchngtihcnhcgnnhkhngcn,cngymihc
sinhchcmttingtppian.
HctrngDcTicgnhainm,unm1946,cnhtidichuyndnlnThngHirivnc.Chuynnhsau:
Mthm,TrngKhnh,tiangtppianothcmtngikhchlnnh.lmtnginngthpln,trngtrotrongbcompletttinviigiydabng
ln.Banutirtcccmvinginy,vnghrtcmtnhl:mingiungho,ukhkhnchcngigiucvbnQucdnngmindinnhth.
MtivchDicLangiithiukhchtnlCnHo,ngiSnTy.Vkhchmibamcontiinmttimcmrtsangtrng.
http://www.vanhoanghean.com.vn/datvanguoixunghe6/nguoixunghe43/hoituongvechatoichisyhohoclamkycuoi 1/10
tlusautimibitanhCnHolcnbcangvanhangtmcchabamcontivnc.
ngvnccabamconkhngtgiannan.
Thng3nm1946,anhCnHochtinmua2viThngHichomtivchDicLan.Lcny,gianhtiangTrngKhnh(thphcachnhquynQucdn
ng).uthng5nm1946,anhCnHomiloctinvchotiiThngHibngngthy.Mi16tuiliphiimtmnhtrnsngncsutmthnhtrnh
di10ngynntirtshi.Maymnltrntucmtsnsinhihcnntivngtmtrongsuthnhtrnh.nNamKinh,timuavxelaiThngHiriixe
tayntgiiPhp(trilnhkhxanh,kh)gpmvch.
Mtthngsau,anhCnHotTrngKhnhvThngHi.LcmtimibitanhCnHothnglngxongviQucdnngvvictphpHingoiqun,
tcllnhkhxanh,khliahvnc.Nhngngilnhkhxanh,khnythuclclngquniPhpngcctgiiPhpThngHi,Thin
Tn[1].BamconticngivihtbntuthyThngHivHiPhng.lngy20thng6nm1946.
Tivnnhrbuitihm.Hunhsutmctukhngaingc.Nhngngilnhkhxanhkhxaquhngbnqunhngchcnmnaycvnc
nnhrtnhiutms.Bamcontinmtnggia.Chtiblaonncngmt...Banmbngctinghthtthanh"Tuchm"vkhngkhtrongtubngtrnnrt
honglon.Mingichennhautmngthot.Bamconchngtichbitnginhnnhau,tngcht.Haracmtanhlnhnmmmthtrahaitingkhngkhip
.
Tuthychybangybam,nngythtthhtlngthc.VamaylctuspvocngHiPhng.NhngtuthyPhpxuthin,yucutucachngtiphi
itheohvooCT.LnhotrntukhnglmtheoyucucahoatiuPhp,cmtsngitrntubivob.NhngnginyubPhpbtgi.n12
gingy25thngsu,1946,chnhphtacanthipvingiPhp,buchphituchngtivocngHiPhng.
SaunytimibitcontuchchngtivnltuthychvkhchoQucdnngiHoaBcnhcngsnTrungQucnaylichngiVitNam,ngiPhps
cvnchuyncvkhnngykhd.
nHiPhng,chngtirtivphinhnntchiuhmtrc.MaylanhCnHocnttinngDng,anhmuamttbnhcunchaychmncmm.Ba
nivichngtirtngonvl,vTrungQuckhngc,phnvchngticngqui.
NhngngyuHiPhngchngti(bamcon)nhchtchthnhph,saucxeQuntipphngcaanhLThitHngtHNilnn.Thngsau,thngby
1946,bamcontivNghAn.MisinhhotcachngtidoanhrLThitHngchucp.
Chonmigny,timibitrvnhnthnanhCnHonnhncagianhchngti.AnhCnHosauitnlCaoThanhTng,cbitphicngtcLo
nhiunm.MisauanhmichuynvcngtctrngNguyniQucTrungngvvhutiy.
AnhCnHoCaoThanhTngnglnnhncagianhchngti.TicbitrngkhiPhionChnhphtasangTrungQucthngtho(cBoithamgia)v
vickthpaHingoiqunVitNamvnc,trongoncngHPhHng.ngHngcnhnchthcaCHlnTrngKhnhtmgpbHHcLmv
haingicongi,nuhcnguynvngvncthahv.BnthnanhCnHotbnbcompletsangtrng,chmuahaivtuchomvchtiln
ThngHi(khioncangHPhHngchanTrungQuc).Cnviti,ccchng,anhnhphinivingHnglkhngthloc,khingHng
micpkinhphchotivnc.
unm1947,tithamgiaituyntruynkhngchinLinkhuIV.Viclmlcchotngvnngh,hth,dinthuytchyuchoHoakiuThanhNghTnh,
ngvinhthamgiakhngchin.SauticchuynvohotngnithnhHu,riQungTr,ThaThinlmnhimvngvinthngbinh,bi,vnhn
dnkhngchinchngPhp.NhiumbmtvtquanbtcaPhpvosuvngch
Tisinhra,lnlnvhchnhtnhTrungQucnnkhivnctimihcQucng.NhnhthChLanVindymtimibitvitcuvntingVit.lthi
giankhong19481949.BitcimyunynnanhHTngMu(ngianhconchti)xinchotihctrngVnhaHongHuNamNghAn.Titrngny
ticktnpvongCngsn.Mtnmsau,tiliciuracngtcCngankhuIV.Tiy,tiquenvyuhasngcSinh,ngichngcativl
chacacccontisauny.
RitilicchuynsangKhuykhuIV,dylpotophindchtingTrung6thng.CngdyvitilpnycanhNguynTiCn.Chngticngsongion,
dyphtm.
RiclphcclnhchuynraVitBc.
Tinhnm1947khianhrtiThiutngLThitHngciungraVitBc,anhclimtstinln.Mtidngtinmuamtsvngvbidng
chochDicLan.Mtikhumihaicilcvomtgiiviribucvolngti,dngignchohuvn.TrnngcnghcvinraVitBc,nNngCng(Thanh
Ha)tibnmtcilcctinchitiuvgivchom,chtilcnymt.Cntonbsvng(mimtcilc)tihinng[2].
Cuinm1953,ngNguynChThanhsangTrungQucchabnh,ticngThanhchnlmphindch.Clkhidoticntr,ninngcnquhnnhinchng,
nnclndonhthytiqu,timunxinngThanhchotithmmthyti.VymngThanhbo:"Mivongmynmrimngtnhcnnonlm...".Ritrong
sutbathngTrungQucchabnhnglintcbidngchnhtrvccvnlptrng,ttngchoti.KhinBcKinh,chngtigpcngLDuncngang
chabnh.ngLDuncgingThanhchotiliTrungQuchc,ngThanhcni:"nbkhngcvicgvvangbnglmphindch...Cimithiu,cnrn
luynltnhng...Mislmconnuita...".ngThanhchhntic1415tui!
Habnhlpli,ticclmgiovinTrungvnTrngVnhaQuni(phinhiunvl126)KinAn.TiyticvitthchongNguynChThanhxin
cchuynvonvncngTngccchnhtrlmphindchvcngThanhchpnhn.TivonVncngTngccchnhtrngdpclpotothanh
nhc,ticntrlicnngkhiumnhcnnclnhoongililmdinvin.ylbcngotquantrngcacuciti.Tycucitihontongnb
vimnhc.MtivcngiyutingcSinhukhngmunvkhngngchotilmdinvin.Cllcvthmchchonbygitinhiutbit
csuyngh,loucamvanh.Songtilachnvkhngnhnvschnlacamnh.
Thng5nm1955,tivhasngcSinhlmlci.
**
Cui nm 1956, on Ca nhc dn gian Hungari sang thm v biu din nc ta. on vn cng chng ti c dp giao lu v biu din vi on bn. Khi sp kt thc
chuynthmvbiudin,ngLasloDomahydincagingnamtrmngthicnglngiphtrchonbnchnhthcnghChnhphvBcHchonghs
QucHngvHMLasangHungarihcthanhnhc,michiphdoChnhphHungariith.Trncslinghny,BcHng.Thtticllctiang
cmangcongiulngHLamHng,nnkhngthic.
u1958,NhchhuyhpxngBcTriuTin,ngTriuiNguynnghCcTuynhunTngccChnhtr(CctrnglVHngCng)chotivQuangHng,
VTLnihcncngoi.Dpnycngllchoncnhgianhtiqukhkhn.Mtilcspntuinghhu,blmmtcngvicbnhthngBoNhn
dnvimclng51,5ng(cltngngvilngCns2g).Lngchngtichcaohnlngbcmyng,tilbi,hngphcp,khngc
lng,naythmmtaconnhqulcucsngcachngtikhngdchug.Lina,mtilngitnhkhkhngbnhthng,bvconrrtkhnghpnhau,ti
mckhngthchungc.Chngtiphiringtrongcnbungvnvnc6mtvungtrngchaitrongmtngnhphDTng.Bamconbchutimt
phngtngtrtkhutpthKimLin.Chnhngili,chungcnglmchovchngtikitqu,thmchclctivcngbtc...
Tronghoncnhbngdngtichtnhtinhngngimmtthirtthntnhvigianhchngti,mcngrtluritichacdpgpli.Giyhunhtt
chucavcaotrongxhi.Bitkviai,bitailngicthsanscngmnhy?MtbuitikhitiangtptrunghcngoingTrngihcS
phmHNinhmtbnnngtingivobnvvitthchoBcH.Trongthtikthchacnhcagianhti,chkhngcnghgviBcc.Quthckhi
vitlthcbitnytihontonkhngthcchtviclmcamnh.Tichmongmuncmtscmthngvdkhngcnghgnhngtivnngm
mongmtiugnhmtphplsnvimnh.Tibitnhvylyuui,ltmnhlmtnthngmnh.Tinhkhnggibcthny.Sautinhch
Nguytnh(vnhcsDonNho)chuynthtiBcnhnmtdpchcngonvncngTngccchnhtrbiudinphcvtiPhChtch.tngysauanhKhng(Cc
Cnhv)ngptibotinlBccthcativgititigpBc.NgitrongphngthngtrccaTrngihcSphmtikhcncn.Khngphivvui
mngmvtithnkhichtnhnthyti,tinhngnmthngchaxakhigianhchngticnTrungQucnhtinhnghysinhlnlaocathyti,ngi
khngqunngiannguycacnhnvvconnui,cuvhtrnhiuvicchonhngngicchmngVitNam...Suthmtrongti,nhcmtciglngl
v,khngmttingng,khngthphcdnglicna.
TinhvothbyhaychnhtgsaukhianhKhng[3]botin,tinPhChtch.TrckhigpBc,anhVKckhuyntingkhc.ClquaanhKhng,anh
KbittngtnvtrnkhccatiTrngihcSphm.ykhngphillnuticgpBc.TrngBckhe,nhanhnhnvpnhmtngtinvy.
TicmnhncBccmtcigrtphiphm,khinchosutthigianbnBctikhngniccug,gchorahnc.Bchithmmingitronggianh
ti,vichctingNgacativngvintiyntmiLinXhc.(TrctinhncquytnhitunghiptiNhcvinTraikovskycaLinX).Bccn
khuyntinnachuLamHng(congiti)chobninui,svibngoi(mti),chusbnhhng.Bcvnnh,vcbitrtkhngthchtnhtnhcam
ti.Ngoinhngvictrn,Bckhnghithmgc.
Cuinm1959,khiangtunghipLinX,tinhncthcamti.Bchotibitvhuvchngnguynmclngl51,5ng.Bcnvitthm:"...
Nhthlmcuilmri".
Saukhaoto19591966,tilicdptrliNhcvinTraikovskythctpmtnm(19871988).Viccotocbibn,cbnvmnhcmcbitl
thanhnhctinhcvinmangtnTraikovskygiptirtnhiutrongvicgingdyvotocctinngmnhctrongnc.Tittintrongcngvicgingdy,o
tocngnhnghincuthanhnhc.Tisaymvicngvictimcnhquncbnthn.
Nm2005,sau6nmmitmidchvbinson,tichoxutbncun"LchsnghthutthanhnhcphngTy"(schdy500trang,kh16cmx24cm).Schc
giinhcsvnhiungitrongnghnhgicaovtnhhthng,chiusuvchtlngvlchsthanhnhc.CunschnycgiinhvschbinsoncaHi
NhcsVitNam.
Thng11nm2008,tixutbncunschthhaimangtn"Phngphpgingdythanhnhc",dy265trang.ylcngtrnhmtivcngtmhuytvnlthnh
qucacmtihotngthanhnhccati.Cngnhcunschtrc,cunnycngcnhngngiclinquantronggiinhgicaotnhhthng,sc
kttmmcbitcnhiuthngtinquctmivthcnghimkhoahcvhotngcathanhqunkhiht.ylvnmtrongnghincucngnhgingdy
thanh nhc nc ta cha c ai cp. Trong cun sch th hai ny ti rt c nguyn khi a ra c nhng chnh kin ring trong chuyn mn su ca mnh. l:
NhngchnhkinringcativvndngphngphpthanhnhcphngTyvongnngthanhnhcVitNam.Vitrchnhimvlngsaymvinghdythanh
nhc,vittcsttin,trongcunschnyticngnurmttrongnhngyutquantrngnhtcagiodcnichungltcchlmthy:ngmtphmgi
cangithy.
Saukhivitxonghaicunschtrn,haimttithlcgimhn,ribla.Tikhngccschbo,khngccKinhPhthngngyna,cngnhkhngxem
ctivi.Ccconchutilolngthucmeniutr,songcicthgn80tuicatixemrauhng.Chaicunschtiutbtinralomichiphinn.Phn
phthnhckhngngbaonhiu.Songtivcngphnchnvmnhlmcmtviccchchoi,chongh.Tmthitivcngthanhthn.
Lintcsutmychcnmlmcngtcsphmthanhnhc(khithNhhtCamanhcQuni,khithNhcvinHNivchotigisaukhivhugnhai
minm),tikhngthnhhtbaonhiulahctr,baonhiucasmtitrctiphngdn,rncp.ashtrtluthnhdanh,cvtrxngngtrong
nnmnhchini,cngonhngngiyumnmnhchmm.Hlunnhtitinhnhtimtngithyckinthcthanhnhchonho,cphng
phpsphmttvithichuo,tm,trit,icttmvng...Nhngbuihccathytrchngtilundinratrongkhngkhthnmtvphnhng.Chngti
vadyvahchilnnhau,cngtmrachno(iug)thaychat,cngnhaukhluyn,nnthngthnhcng.Tronggingdy,rncphctr,tilunhng
ginghtcahtheoccchunmcthanhnhccbnnhtnh:mthanhphitrn,dy,mmmi,uynchuynHtcin,thnhphngphingphongcch,htdn
tc(dnca)phicgngvndngphngphpthanhnhcphngTykthpvicccimdntc.
TinhticasNghsutRchmpheng.Trongcchctrcatithviti,Rchmphenglgingthnhphngpnht.Ccasctnhcchmnhmngidn
tcGiaraicgiibaCucthimnhcmangtn"CmChng"LinXnm1983GiinhtLinhoancanhcquctBnhNhng(BcTriuTin)nm1990
Giinhtcucthimnhcthnhphngtonqucunm1996...
TinhticasXunThanhtuychacdanhhiu(uthayNhndn)nhngtnhnggiithnglnncngoi:giinhtcucthimnhcquctMngC
nm1986cngnm,XunThanhliotgiikhuynkhchcucthihtdncaquctmangtnTraikovskyLinX.
TinhticcncasnghsutkhcnhHThyviginghtbclariTUyn,KimKhnh,ThuHng,ThyLoan,NgcH...Mingimtvucc
nhngthnhcngvnghnghip.Hkhngcnttuinanhnghlungicngnlatrtrungtrongtinght.
cbittinhtiNghsNhndnThanhHoa.Chcvitimtnmvtinhgicaocctchtcac.ThanhHoacchtgingptriphynhccm.Cnh
chmmmi,biucmp,ctnh.Ngoira,viti,ThanhHoacnlnginbthngminhtuytvi.
Gnytrongshctrcati,ncastrAnhThnilnnhmtgingcaytrinvng.Cchacdanhhiu,ccgiithngmnhcctctuychathcn
tnglm(GiibacucthimnhcSaoMaitonqucGiinhcucthicanhcthnhphngtonqucnm2000)nhngcngitronggiimnhcnhgicao.Trong
trnhtucccakhcdntc,AnhThvndngrtmmmi,uynchuynvctnhcckthutthanhnhchininnccngchngathch.
**
Cchctrcati,ashgiuthnhtphngtrng.Nhiungitronghgilbni,bngoi.Titholtrongthnhcngvmnhccahcmt
phnnggpnhcati.Ttchucquanhthntnh,mthmvibgiogilti.lnimthovhnhphclnlaocati.
Trongcucsngcnhngvicbnhthngbngtrnnrtkhchu.Nkhngquytlit,gaygtnhngkhngthxbic,nnhmadi,lcmlct,ngmngm,
daidnglmkhta.lcuchuynvvicphongtngdanhhiuNghs.Theoticmtcigkhngntrongvicthchinchtrngchungcngnhvictra
cctiuchctnhkthuttrongccbctinhnh.Ccdanhhiucphongtngchthcscaoqu,nunphnnhngthcchtnhngnggp,cnghinca
ngicphongtng.Danhhiucaoqulunhpdnmingi.Nutcn,mcnhincxemlut,tigiihnngikhc.
Nm1987mictphongtngdanhhiuutinchocgiinghs.TichuynvNhcvinHNitNhhtCamanhcQuninm1984.Lc,theohng
dncacptrnmikhoatrongNhcvinchcbumtchtiu(tccbumtngi).Timichuyncngtcvnnchngcngikhc.Cnglc
niticngtcc(NhhtCamanhcQuni)nhiungnghipcctidtikhngcnna.TiclnggimcN.V.Qthaldobccrt
thinchny.
Nm1990(trckhitivhumtnm)tikhoaThanhnhcNhcvinHNitilictrongdanhschcchovicphongtngdanhhiu,nhngchc59phiu,cn
thiu2phiunamit.iungniltronglnbubnnycccanhchnhbp,bov,tpvucthamgiabphiu!Nuti"linhhot"mtcht,"i"mt
chtthchckhngphichithm8nmna.
Nm1991tivhu,cngchnhthcbgtrakhidincchaybubn.ngThtrngkimChtchHingxtphongtngdanhhiunghsnithngthng
lkhngxtchongivhu,dlgioshayphgioscngkhngxt.Snginhthkhngt,trongcnhiunginiting.
Michonnm2008micchtrngxtphongtngdanhhiunghsvnhgiochonhngngivhu.HingxtduytcaNhcvinHNinghc
cchxtphongtngdanhhiuNhgioNhndnchotivgiosNguynThNhung(vnhcsHuyDu).
ChcccngnghipvnhngngictrchnhimtrongHingxtduytcaNhcvinHNinhnthynhngbthpltrongtrnghp"tnng"quluca
chngti.Cnhnti,tnhnthngvomnhmtcchnghimtcnht,tithyrng:Nulycimclnm1991(nmtivhu)thctrcvsauvitcchl
mtnhgiothanhnhc,cnhngthnhtchnibttronghotnggingdyvotocati.Sthnhtcacchctr,ccgiithnglnnhtrongngoinc
mhtclmtminhchng.Cccngtrnhkhoahc,nghincucatiucgiimnhcnhgicao,cbit,sch"Lchsnghthutthanhnhcphng
Ty"cxemltiliugiokhoavthanhnhc...ChonnxttondintitthymnhxngngviscccchcaHingxtduytNhcvinHNi.Tiv
cngbitnccngnghip.Lphiutnnhim(ccch)cahcmtnghavcngcbitiviti,lsghinhncnglmttnhcmmpcahdnhchoti.
ThnhngHingxtduytcthmquyncaonhtkhngchpnhnnghxtccch.Ldokhngin:phiqua"ut"rimicxtn"Nhndn".Ti
nhndanhhiuNhgioutcuinm2008tui79.Khngvuikhngbun.
**
Nidnvtlnnhttrongitillmmtmchamnh.Chatimtthng4nm1943tibnhvinQuLmTrungQuc.Tinhhmatangtrimatmt,ch
cbamcontivmttbnthnngiTrungQucitheochicxechquantichatitbnhvinnCaNamthnhphQuLm.ChaticantngtiBtK
nghaa,ngoicaNamkhngxa.Mngnmmtkhongtrngkhbngphng,phasaumcmtngninh,trnicngimmtngcnhniThanh.
Tsaukhichatimt,gianhtichunhiubinnglnlao,trongnhngbinngcnlnlaohncaxhi.Nhcha,thngchanhngtichngcncchno
khclngh"vng"tichatrongnimaukhvb.
Cuinm1953khilmphindchchongNguynChThanhandngchabnhTrungQuc,lcBngTng(chcchmchati100kmngxela)tinhiu
lngixagnvingThanh,thtrngchophptiithmmcha.NhngngThanhkhngtm.ngcncholbiuhincangtnhnonnt,nnchch
tmbidnglptrngcchmngchoti.Trcscngrncacptrn,tikhngcndmningthmna.
Nm1961khianghcNhcvinTraikovskyLinX,ticvitthchoCnganthnhphQuLmhikhchititvmcha.Htrlitirng:Nm1960hc
thngbodidittcmmnghaaBtK,hintikhngcnngimnona.Sthtphphngmnhti.nhiulntinmmthymnhvomtcn
hmrttocrtnhiuhict,trongmolnhlotivakhcvalntmhictchamkhngthy.Tilngicltrmnhm,khngmytinvonhngchuyn
"qungxin".Nhngchclcbomng.Cnti,tikhngctnghac.
Cuithng6uthng7nm1993(saukhichngtibtaibinmchmuno)tilmphindchchoonCuchinbinhVitNamdongTrnVnQuangdnuthm
TrungQuc.PhaTrungQucctoiukinchotivQuLm.TinBtKnghaathtonbbinthnhnhngtanhchungcchocngnhn.Ngninh
gnnichatinmvncn.TrnngningimcangcnhniThanhvnnguynvn.i,ginh...
Cccontithngngvintirng:"Mngbunnhiu,honcnhnhthlbtkhvittcmingi...".Cthththt,nhngtivnthymnhlngicli
nhiunhtvichavhnhnhcnhmmocnhiuhictvnthngtrlitrongnhnggicmngnngicatuigi.
**
ChDicLantimtngy25thng10nm1947tiNamKim,Namn,NghAn.Lcnybamcontivnvinhau.Chticantngngaytimttharungtrong
lng.Haithngsaukhichtimtcngianhemhngchngch(LThitHng)tqusangNamKimnivimti:"Ci,mquatichimbaollm.Thych
Lankurng:AnhLiuitilm,tinmgiavngnclnhlm".Mtisaitivmingiraxemsththno.Tiniththymtrnhncaikhichyquam
ch.Chngtiphikhicirnhkhcvlpcirnhci.
TronggianhticbitthngvnphcchDicLan.Chivitivammmgngi.Chkhnggiutignnhbtciug.Trckhimttluchcni
viti:
Emichkhngcamlngcht.Nuchcsngchcchsvitvngii.Nhngnhvnlilcusngtrongaukh.Chthychnghaphongkinvncnnng
lncucsngcangiphn,ylmtloibcltnhncngkhngphitrlng...
Chcnni:
Nuchmtminmemnthmchmtlnvchochmtbnghng...
Richlini:"Nithchovuithi.Chtlht...".
Tihavichnhngchthmchccmtlnduynht,cngchngmangcbnghoano.Tmurahoavolc!
Khongunhngnm60,ngiemducangLThitHngcnilcitngvxymlpbiachochDicLan.Titinltht.SauHipnghPari1972,tichi
ngThitHngcngvquthmmch.ngHngtrli:"Anhachoemdu100ngcitng,xymlmbiachochLanri.Khngmtmums".ng
Hngkhngmunchotiicng,ngibvrthayghenngc.
Nm1993ticdpvoNghAnvlinvNamKimthmmch.Thhii,khngcngimnocxyvibiaghictnchti.Tichimyngicitng,hni:
Chngngiemdubcmangmtcitiunvachoh30nglmmmcmcng.Citiukhngcnphphitmmtminggchbtnglmnp.Cinpbt
cdnykhngchekncitiu,philyhaivingchythmvochokn...
Nhiunmrinntikhngnhmchtngvtrcthno.
VVinhgpngiemdungHngtikhcvmunsvbtathtcayc,songnhnbquginntikmli.
Nm1994,theohngdncaccnhngoicm,tivoNamKimlnthhainhngvduynnnvnkhngtmthymch.
u nm 2003, v ng H Hc Hi (ch du ng H c Vit) cho ti bit: B Phng Hm Rng (Thanh Ha) c ni: "H nh ch c ngi tn Lan cht mun ni
chuynvimtngitnlLa,hincnsng".TivcontraitithumtchuyntvoHmRnghichuyncPhng,nhngcPhngnikhngtrng.
MahnmygianhtiinghCaL.CnhtilivNamKim,songvnvvng.VHNi,tingpnhngoicmNguynKhcByvngngitheogia
nhchngtivNamKim.nnghatrangngByckhn,il:"CLani,emrutcvichurutcntmmc...Xincchoconchunchunchmc...".Mt
lcsauqunhincconchunchunbaynurtlulncitingcng,ribaylnuvovaiti.Lctiangbnbylnnt.Riconchunchun
libaysanguvovaichuHin,lcsaunlibayukhlutrnmubntay(bntayangcmiuthucl)cangilixe.Riconchunchunliquayliutrn
chictidulchngcng...ribaymtdng.NhngoicmNguynKhcBychmtcaoboo,omivnkhngthyg.
Lnthtvomaxunnm2004chngtilivNamKim.LnnychuHinmuamycithunstthunt.Trctlu,condutiTr,vchuHincbn
quennhngoicmtnlNhsngSiGn.ChuTrcnhngNh,ngNhnirng:"ChnochoatmlmbLan".nnghatrangchngtithycmtbi
hoatmto,thunmimkhngthyg.Chngtikhnghnmtbihoatmnhhnmpngoinghaacnhbrung.Lcgnhthivng,chuHingiin
chongNh,ngbo:"Hych,t12gitriscmtconvtnbo".Ritithymtconnhinhyvtra,chngtihthongatheonvnbinmtcngbt
ngnhkhinhyvtravy.Gnnhtuytvngtithpmynnhngrigotolngianghaarng:"ChLani!Embitlivichri.Chchoemctmthych,
dchcnmtnmtchi...".Chngtituytvngrav.
SubythngsaucngitrongqubotintmthytiuchDicLanti.trongqutinlckhngcaitnghicttrongtiuna.Nhnogiucthhict
ngikhutccitngvonit.ascitngtrongchiucihoctmnilng...Chictiudtkhotltiuchti.HaimcontilinvoNamKim.Haramt
nngdnisnchutng,conchutbsnlinchuivomthcnhcnhchictiu.Anhnngdnbittmchutvphthinrachictiulinnhdulivbovi
ngilng.Khichngtiolnthqunhinnptiulmtmingbtngchekhnghtmingtiu,haivingchythmrivotrongtiu.Chngtilyhaivingch
ra,trongtiuchcnmtttentixp...ChuHincngmtciquchbngggiitchictiuchahictcadLanvo,richngtichuyndvantngli
nghatrangthnhphHng.
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p.
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Quang,ngngoititrntrnhstruylngcagicPhpvtphpliccbnchinu,ccnghasgydnglicsnhngsnghipddang.Ccngmtschin
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Ngictmtmmclcontraiti,ngTriHin.ChuHinlmtkintrcstrcnnglc,nhngiutitholcitmcaHinivibm,ngb,ttin.
TsaukhitmcmdLanvadvantngnghatrangHng,Hinrtphnchn.Chuniviti:"PhitmbngcmcCthconmitoilng.Con
sctmhiccngunbconVitkiuThiLan...".Tirtmngnhnglinghkhkhnqu.
ThtmaylcduynahaimcontindbuihithovcbLPhngcmtnhcchmngVitNamtinbibnhngnioankhuttngnhkhng
thgiic.BuihithonydoccconcacphihpviHiKhoahcLchstchc.TrongbuihithocngHnglchuchtncacngThcHa.ng
Hngachotixemmttmnh.Bcnhchptoncnhmttmbiamln,trnbiamcghirtncngThcHa,ngithhailcCKhnvtip3ngi
na.Ditmnhcghir"5litsvsnghipcunc".NgimvbiadongboVitkiuThiLanxydngtrongmtngichalnUon,cchVinChn
(Lo)100km.TronghikcacLPhngccghirrng:"CKhnlbcabNgKhnDuyvngHHcLm".Haimcontivcngmngr,xinchp
litmnhquginy.
Nm2006tivchuHinsangThiLan,nUonvtmtingichaktrn.Trongchacngimlnhptng5ngiVitNamyuncbmnhThiLan,
trongcngngoitilcNgQung.Vlngimhptng,licxydngrtcngphu,schonnchngtikhngciukinrcCvVitNam.Sng
gianhngVitkiuyuncThiLancccvncngngm,chmscynhgianhngngiruttht.Khngnccvnhnglngchngtiv
cngcmngmp.Haimcontithphng,dnglcukhnccc,chpnhlunimrivnc.
**
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cngquscchungcati.Hitnglimisvicxyratronggianhtimihiususcviynghacanvtritimtirmu.Thtvy,ttcnhng
ngirutthtthnyucaticnhctinhnhngnhnvtchnhtrongHitngnykhngcntrninyna.Nhngaukh,caynghphichuc
phn nh phn no trong sch ny. Cn ti, ti vn sng trn i vi n con chu yu qu ca mnh, c bit l a con trai thng minh, khn ngoan, hiu ca ti
thngyutibnghnhngthitthcllmcchtmlidihimtnmtencadrutn,chrutti.Tisungsngtrongaun,nhiumthnthckhi
nghnchvchati.Tithybygitimihiuhthcsvmiyuhthcsthqumun...Songnukhngmunthphngtislmcgno?
Tithngxtchomti.Bblngqunmtcchtnnhn.Chatikhngvli,ngmt.Chticngmtsm,michcayngnaphnitrckhirai.Cn
titgn10nmnayl"phthngdn".Nhngtikhngonthn,ticnuiiugvchttisngtrnvncucimnh.Nhngtikhngphilh.Ngymait
gicuciny,tichcsthanhthn.Chcchnlnhvy.
Vitxongvhonchnhthng1KSu
H.M.L.
......................................
[1]HikcaLPhngcvLThitHngchobitunhngnm1930,ngccccnbnhLPhngc,NguynThMinhKhaitiThngHilm
binhvnccbinhlnhVittrongquniPhptgiiPhp.
[2]HingianhcnluThbocngcaVnphngTrungngng,cchkcaccngPhmVnng,VKvbThanh.Hinticngithny.(HML)
[3]ThiutngHongHuKhng(tnkhaisinhlNguynVnCao),Cctrngcccnhv,lothnhcchmng.

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5/18/2017 HitngvchatiChsHHcLm[I]

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