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PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
coolestbliss
REVISION1:October,2010
WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
coolestbliss
ABOUTTHEMANUAL
Thismanualiswritteninsimpleandstraightlanguage.Themainfocuswasnottotellhowtomake
model,ratherhowtocheckthemodelandtounderstanditsvarioususefuloptionsformakinga
soundandstablestructuralerrorfreemodel.Thismanualisneitherdesignedforfreshusersnor
expertusersofETABS,ratheritistoclearsomedoubtsofthoseuserswhoarestillbeginnersof
ETABSbutknowwellitsinterface,butIhope,advanceusersofETABSwillalsofindnewthingsto
learnfromthismanual.Duetotimeconstraintsandknowledge,Imaynotbeabletoaddressthe
wholeissues.
Pleasesendmeyoursuggestionsforimprovement.Anyoneinterestedtosharehis/herknowledge
orwillingtocontributeeithertotallyanewsectionaboutETABSorwithinthissectionis
encouraged.AdvanceuserscanalsosubmittheircontentaboutadvanceanalysisoptionslikeP
DELTA,Dynamic,Earthquake/Wind,ResponseSpectrum,TimeHistoryanalysisetc.Youcanalso
suggestorsubmitanyexamplesandhandcalculations.
Forfurtherdetails:
MyStructuralForum: http://www.coolestbliss363.blogspot.com/
Email: coolestbliss@gmail.com
CIVILEAUserAccount:
http://forum.civilea.com/member.php?action=profile&uid=10336
MSWORDformattosubmitcontents:
http://www.4shared.com/file/sXAUywbG/Format.html
WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
coolestbliss
DEDICATED
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TEACHERS,
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
coolestbliss
TableofContents
ISTABILITYERRORS......................................................................................................................1
IICONFIGURATIONERRORS.........................................................................................................4
IIITIPS/TRICKS..............................................................................................................................12
WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
coolestbliss
ISTABILITYERRORS
1LASTANALYSISRUNLOG
Afterrunningyourmodel,pleasealways
checkyouranalysislogforglobalerrors.
Theseerrorsshouldbeofmagnitude10e10
orsmaller.Ifyoufindlargererrors,please
unlockyourmodelandcheckyourmodel.
Thereisalsoanoptiontoentertolerance
valueforthesecheckstobeperformed.By
defaultthevalueis0.001mor1mm.Youcan
goasfaras0.025mor25mm,ifyouare
havingrealtroubleinyourmodel.Line,point
andareachecksverifyforoverlapsandany
2CHECKMODEL areaorlinenotconnectedtopointsornodes.
Sometimesareaoverlapproblemariseswhen
AnotherveryimportanttoolinETABSfor
youmodelhascurves.Tosavetimeandto
modelcheckingisfoundunderAnalyzemenu
workwitheachcheckefficiently,youcan
andthatisCheckModeloption.These
checkyourmodelforeachcheckseparately.
checksare:
i Linechecks
ii Pointchecks
iii Areachecks
iv Loadingandmeshchecks
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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AfterpressingOKbutton,ETABSwillstart problems,justunlockthemodel,provide
tocheckyourmodelandthenitwilldisplaya basesupportsandrerun.
windowsshowingyouthelistofalltheerrors.
Thisreportwillalsobesavedasatextfilein
yourmodelfolder.Ifthereisnoerror,youare
lucky,ETABSwilldisplayModelhasbeen
checked.NowarningMessages.Youshould
alwayscheckyourwholemodel,notjustthe
selectedobjects.
Animportanttiphereis;afterclosingthe
warningwindow,theBADELEMENTSwillbe
selectedbyETABSautomatically.Donot
clickanywhere,justgotoASSIGN
menu>GroupandassigntheseBAD
ELEMENTSagroupforselection.Nowwork
ontheseerrorsbyanymeanyouwant.After
youaredoneselectthesamegroupand
checkthemodelonlyfortheselectedgroup
selection.Inthiswayyouwillsavetimeon
modelcheckingoption.Ifyougetwarnings
again(whichwillofcoursebelessthan
previouswarningsunlessyoumadesome
blunder)assignthemagainthegroupandso
onuntilyouhavezerowarnings.Thencheck
ETABSdoesnotcheckthesupportsforyour
themodelaswholeforthefinaltime.
model.Ifforexampleyouhaveappliedthe
supportsforthebaseofmodelbuthavealso
drawnsomelinesinspacewithnosupports,
3SUPPORTYOURBASE Checkingthemodelwillnotreturnanyerrors,
ratheritwillsaytherearenoerrors(unless
Alwaysmakesure,yourmodelbasehas
youhaveothererrors,likeoverlappingetc.)
supports,pinned,fixedetc,otherwiseyour
modelisobviouslyunstable.Whenyourun
theanalysisandfindthatthewarningis
relatedtonegativestiffnessvaluesfoundin
model,basesupportcouldbeoneofthe
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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Now,youhaveruntheanalysisandfound
thatitdisplayswarningsasshownhere:
Theseerrorsareaboutnegativestiffnessand
lossofaccuracy.Lossofaccuracyerroris willbeverynegligibleascomparedtothese
okay,butiftheno.ofdigitslostexceeds11, BADELEMENTSdeformation.Sothereis
ETABSstopstheanalysisprocess. somethingwrongwithyourmodel.PROVIDE
SUPPORTS.
Yourmodeldeformedshapewillalsobe
affected.Itwillonlyshowtheanimationof
theBADELEMENTS,becauseETABStriesto
givethedeformedanimationofallthemodel
elements.Nowifsomeelementisill
conditionedanddeforminglikeinfinitythen
obviouslyotherGOODELEMENTS
deformation(smallascomparedwithinfinity)
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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youmustcheckthisinETABShelpfile.For
IICONFIGURATION example,onlymomentscanbereleasedon
ERRORS bothends,allotheroptions(axialload,shear
andtorsion)canbeonlybereleasedatonly
1FRAMEOUTPUTSTATIONS oneend.Itwillnowallowyoutoreleaseon
boththeends.Trychangingshearforce2and
Frameoutputstationsisausefulcommand moment3.Selectthedesiredreleasesand
anditbasicallyallowsyoutoenterno.of pressOK,orselectNoreleasesoptionto
segmentsorspacingofsegmentsofaframe unselectall.Youwillsee2greendotsat
section(beam,columnetc)atwhichyouwant eitherendsofframeforwhichyouhave
theoutput(shear,moment,steeletc.).By releasedtheshear,momentsetc.
default,thereare3stations(start,midand
end)ofaframesection.Asyouincreasethe Thisoptionisgenerallyappliedtoa
no.ofsegmentsordecreasethespacingof secondarybeamrestingonanother(primary)
segments,therewillbeobviouslymoreand beam.Youcanreleasebothmomentsforthis
morecalculationsandyourmodelruntime beamonbothends.
willbeincreased.Forarefinedmodel,enter
maximumspacingtobe150mmor6.
2FRAMERELEASES
Framereleaseisaspecialtoolforreleasing
theframefortorsion,moment,shear,load
etc.Thereisalimitonthecombinationand
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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3ANALYSISOPTIONS largeerrorinmodelespeciallyinmember
design(concrete,steeletc.).Generallythe
Beforerunningyourmodel,youshould defaultvaluesareokay,butyouhaveto
ensurethatproperanalysisoptionsare changethevalueofmodulusofelasticityE
selectedtogetthemostoutofyourmodel. forconcretewhichisequalto57000fc(psi)
Twomostimportantoptionsare: or4700fc(MPa).Youmayneedtochange
i DynamicAnalysis theunitstolbinorNmmformaterial
ii PDeltaAnalysis propertiesasworkingintheseunitsiseasyin
thisdialoguebox.Poissonsratio0.2for
Ifyouarenotanalyzingyourmodelforthese concreteisok.Fornormalweightconcrete
options,unselectthem. 150pcfdensityisgenerallyused.Youcan
changethedataforyourownneeds.Ifyou
changethemass,weightwillbe
automaticallycalculatedandviceversa.
Shearmodulusiscalculatedautomatically
andcoefficientofthermalexpansiondefault
valueisokay.
5FRAMESECTIONS&REINFORCEMENT
DATA
Makesureallyourbeamsectionsaredefined
asbeamsandallyourcolumnsectionsas
columns.Verifythematerialproperty
assignedtoeachsectionandcheckthe
sectiondimensions.Youwillnotgenerallyuse
thePROPERTYMODIFIERSatthisstage.
Basedonthesectiondimensions,youcan
checkthesectionalgeometricpropertieslike
momentofinertiaetc.byclickingSection
Propertiesbutton.Forcolumnsections,
makesurethatReinforcementtobe
4MATERIALPROPERTIES designedisselectedfordesignpurposes.
Selectthebarwhichismostlikelytobeused
Propertiesofthematerialsusedinthemodel duringconstruction.Ifyouareunsureofthe
shouldbecheckedcarefully,becauseallthe layoutofreinforcementinyourcolumn,try
sectionsbelongtoamaterialandanyerrorin symmetricpattern.Forbeams,concrete
materialassignmentscanproduceavery covertorebarcenteristhedistancefrom
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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concretefacetocentroidofsteel
reinforcement.Youshoulduseatleasttwo
layersofsteelreinforcementtocalculatethis.
Forexamplethickness(1.5cover)(3/8
stirrupdia.)(0.75#6bar)(0.5x1forclear
spacingb/w2layersof#6)=thickness
3.125.Axis3isthemajoraxisandAxis2is
theminoraxisofthesection.
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WSETABSManual
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6FRAMEPROPERTYMODIFIERS
Aftercheckingtheabovementionedchecks,
youcannowcheckindividualmember
checks.Mostimportantofwhichisframe
propertymodifiers.Thesevaluesareusedto
modifytheframesectionpropertiessuchas
stiffness,torsion,momentofinertiaetc.Why
weneedtoputthesevalues?Thereare2
answerstothisquestion.First,thecommon
caseisthataccordingtoACI31808Section
9.5Controlofdeflections,youneedto
computestiffnessofmembersfor
calculationsofeffectivemomentofinertia.
Thesecalculationsarerequiredforimmediate
deflectionsofmembers.Tosimplifythe
processACIallowstheuseofsuchfactors.
Secondreasonisforslendernessanalysis,
whichisgenerallynotthecaseformany
generaltypestructures.Anyhow,following
aresometheframepropertymodifierswhich
areapplicableforbothmentionedreasons,
safely.Youshouldapplythesefactorsafter
completingyourentiremodelandifyou
deleteasectionandredraw,donotforgetto
assignagainthesemodifiers.Themost
commonandeasypracticeistoselectallyour
beams,applybeammodifiersthenselectall
thecolumns,applycolumnmodifiersandso
onforeachtype,beforerunningyourmodel.
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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Type J I3 I2 8SpecialSeismicLoadEffects
7PROPERTIESOFINDIVIDUALFRAME
SECTIONS
Youcancheckthedetailsaboutaparticular
beamorcolumnoranyelementbyright
clickingonitwhenmodelisunlocked.Ifyou
rightclickonamemberwhenanalysishad
beenrunandthemodelislocked,itwillshow
thedetailsofanalysis.Tocheckthemain
propertiesinlockedmodel,firstselectun
deformedshapeandthenrightclick.Verify
allyourloading,supportconditions,frame
modifierfactors,lengthsetc.Unfortunately,
youcannotchangeanythinghere,unlike
REVITSTRUCTURESwhichisdynamicand
parametric.
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WSETABSManual
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9MassSource
ForthecalculationofseismicdeadweightW
whichisgenerallyequalto100%deadload
plussomeportionofliveload.Alltheseloads
areunfactored.Forexample,accordingto
UBC97,thisWis100%D+25%Lfor
warehouses.Therearethreeoptionsformass
sourceinETABS.Generallysecondoptionis
usedwhichsaysFromloadsbecauseyou
normallyputalltheloading(dead,liveetc)in
ETABSmanuallyandtheselfweightis
automaticallyincludedinoneofyourdead
loadcasewithmultiplier1,sothisoptionis
mostsuitable,butifyouaredoingadvance
analysisyoucandefinethemassesandselect
thefirstorthirdoptionsaccordingly.Other
optionsshouldbedefault.Forresidentialand
lightbuildingsliveloadcanbeusedaslowas
15%.
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WSETABSManual
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10StaticLoadCases
Heredefineasmanyloadcasesforyour
modelasyouneede.g.deadloads,liveloads,
windloads,seismicloads,thermalloadsetc.
Tobesimpledefineonlyonedeadloadwith
selfweightmultiplier1(includingfinishes,
dead,wallsetc)andoneliveload.
11SWAYFRAMES
Beforerunningthefinalanalysisofconcrete
framefordesigninginETABS,alwayscheck
thewholemodel(CTRL+A)orAlloptionin
selectbox,andclickonview/reviseoverwrites
inconcreteframedesignoptionandthen
checktheboxElementTypeandselectthe
swaytypeofyourstructure.Rememberifyou
deleteasectionandredraw,alwaysrepeat
thisstep.
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WSETABSManual
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WSETABSManual
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2IMPORTMODEL
IIITIPS/TRICKS
Wewillcoveronlyoneoptionshere:
1SAVINGPROJECT
1 ETABS.e2kTextFile
AlwayssaveETABSfileinaseparatefolder
becauseETABScreatestoomanyanalysis 1ETABS.e2kTextFile
filesonceyouruntheanalysisofyourmodel.
Thisoptionisusefulwhenyouwanttoimport
ItsunlikeREVITwhereeachandevery
newerversionmodelintoolderversionof
informationisstoredinonlyonefile.Two
ETABS,letssayversion9.7modelinto
mostimportantfileshaveextensions:
version9.5ETABS.Todothis,firstopenthe
1 EDB(Mainmodelfile) $ETfileinnotepad.Infourthlineyouwillsee;
2 $ET(Textfile,canbeopenedby PROGRAMETABSVERSION9.7.0,just
notepad) changetheversiontoyourcurrentETABS
version,saveandclose.Nowimportthisfile
Ifyouwanttosendyourmodelforreviewto intoETABS.Importantcautionhere;donot
anybodyoverinternetoremailorbyany trytoalterthecontentsofthisfile,itcontains
mean,onlyEDBfileissufficient.Oncethe allthemodelinformationintextformat.For
reviewerrunsthemodelonhiscomputer example,youhad10mspanofbeamin
sameanalysisfileswillbegeneratedonhis originalunitsofKNmandyouchangethe
ownmachine. unitsinthistextfile(7thline)toKNmm,
yourbeamspanwillbenow10mminsteadof
IfyousavedyourmodelasETABSversion9.7
10minyourmodelafterimporting.Thistrick
andthereviewerhasversion9.5,thenthe
canbeusefultoscaleyourmodelinsome
reviewerwillnotbeabletoopenyourproject.
cases.
Inthiscase$ETextensionfilewillbeuseful
forhim,sothathecanimportthetextfile
dataintoETABS,soitsrecommendedtosend
boththefiles.SeesectionImportModel.
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WSETABSManual
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3OPENGLVIEW
Thisoptionisveryuseful,ifyouhaveahuge
modelandwanttoviewitsextrudedview,
becauseitwillbetooslowtorotateafully
extrudedmodelinETABSmodelingwindows,
insteadapplytheappropriateviewsettings
andclickonthisoption,itwillallowyouto
rotateandmovethemodelfreely.Youcan
evenrecordtheanimationorcapturethe
imagesandcontrolthelightingetc.
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WSETABSManual
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4DIMENSIONS
Youcandrawthedimensionlinesfrom
DRAWmenu.Afterdrawingthedimensions,
didyoueverworryaboutwhereyour
dimensionsgoafterzoomingin/zoomingout
yourview?Thisisbecausethedimension
linesoptionisnotcheckedinviewsettings.
Onceyouenablethisoption,allyourhidden
drawndimensionswillbeavailableonscreen.
Justchangetheunitsandmovemousewheel
up/down,yourdimensionswillbeupdated
also.
5MEASUREANGLEorAREA
WanttomeasureareaorangleinETABSlike
inAUTOCAD,yesyoucandothat.
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WSETABSManual
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Drawinthissequence:START,CENTER,END
Nowlookatthestatusline.
6FASTZOOM
Zoomingin/outwithmousewheelisquite
slowinETABS.Gotodimension/tolerances
settingsandchangetheautozoomstepvalue
to100.
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WSETABSManual
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7USERCOMMENTS
ReceivedanETABSmodeltoreviewand
interestedwhichtimeofthedayuserworked
onthemodelandwherehestoreditinhis
computer?Iftheuserdidntclearthelog
beforesendingityou,youwillbeabletosee
allthisdata.Otherwiseusercanputhisown
commentshereforyou.
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WSETABSManual
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9SUMMARYREPORT
Youcanviewthesummaryreportofyour
modelafteranalysiswhichincludesimportant
datalikeseismiccalculationsetc.intext
format.
8SET3DVIEW
Sometimes,oncomplexmodels,orwhere
columns,strutsoranyothermemberis
inclined,theseinclinedmemberswillnot
shownonplanviews.Toworkonthemyou
mustworkon3Dview,buttheoriginal3D
viewmaynotprovideappropriateview/work
planforworkingonthesetypeofmembers.
Forthisreason,weuseSET3Dviewoption.
Withtheseoptions,theviewisstill3Dbutyou
canorienttheviewtofront,top,backview
etc.Forexamplepressxybuttonandenter
zeroinplanvalueandseewhatitshows.
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10ENERGYDIAGRAM
Withthehelpofenergy/virtualworkdiagram,
wecaneasilycheckwhichmemberneeds
morecrosssection/strength/stiffnessetc
afterrunningtheanalysis.CheckETABShelp
formoreinformation.
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WSETABSManual
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11DISPLAYDESIGNINFO bars.Youmayneedtoincrease/decrease
somereinforcementvaluestobringsome
Afterdesigingforconcretestructure, columnsintospecificreinforcementgroups.
reinforcementvalueswillappearonthe ThisalldependsuponEngineersexperience
members.ETABSgivesyoutheoptionsto andjudgement.Sometimes,ETABS
viewmanyreinforcementresults,e.g.shear reinforcementmayyieldsomeweiredvalues,
reinfrocement,longitudnalreinforcement whichanexperiencedEngineerwilladjust
etc.Alwaysselectyourdesiredunitstoview accordingly.
theresultse.g.inormmforbarareas.For
columns/beamsyoucancheckthe Youdonotneedtounlockthemodelfor
reinforcement%agevaluesalso.Generally changingyoursection.Youcandefineload
thisoptionisusedforcolumns.Thisvalue combos,changesectionsandrerunthe
mustnotexceedby3%,otherwiseincrease designofconcreteprocessonly.Afteryou
thecolumncrosssection.Forgeneralpurpose havereachedthefinalsizesandapproximate
(upto3storeyconstruction)use%agevalue reinforcementvaluesbyhittrialmethod,
from1%to2%only.Alwayscheckfor unlockthemodelandrerunforthefinal
maximumno.ofsteelbars.Forexample,in time.Youwillnoticesomechanges.
generalconstruction,youwanttouse#6bars
(0.44inarea)andyouwantthatinnocase, Displaydesigninfoafteranalysisanddesign
no.ofbarsbelessthan8whichyields(8*0.44
=3.52area).Sointhiscaseyoursteelvalues
fromETABSmustnotexceed3.52,otherwise
increasecolumnsizeortakeothermeasures
(changeyourmindaboutdiaofbarsetc.)For
shearreinforcement,ETABSgivesvalueof
Av/s,forexampleitgivesyouavalueofshear
reinforcementforcolumn=0.024.Itmeans
youcanuse#3bars0.11*2/s=0.0024which
yieldsspacingofapprox.9inches.Soprovide
#3stirrupsat9spacingforthatspecific
column.
Thisprocessisalsoverytimeconsuming,you
cannothavedifferentreinforcementplanfor
eachcolumnandbeam,butyouwillhaveto
checktheETABSreinforcementvaluesfor
eachcolumnandbeamtoseehowmany
minimumno.ofgroupshavingsame
reinforcementcanbegenerated.Forexample
youmaybeabletoget3typesofgroupsfor
yourcolumnshavingsamesize,samestirrups
@samespacing,andsameno.oflongitudnal
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WSETABSManual
PartI:ModelChecking,Tips&Tricks
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Changethedesignsection
Ifyourightclickonanymemberafterdesign
process,ETABSwillshowyoudifferent
combinationsusedforthatspecificmember.
Eachcombinationwillhaveresultsatthe
locationsyouspecified(FRAMESTATIONS).
Bydefault,itwillalsohighlightforyouthe
combinationwithmaximumareaofsteel
(combinationproducingworstresults).You
canseethedesignsummary,sheardetails,
flexuredetailsetc.
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Longitudnalreinforcementvaluesfor
columns
12DISPLACEMENT&DRIFTS
Afteranalysis,youcanrightclickonany
node,jointtoviewitsdisplacementvalues.
ForthelateraldriftsclickLateralDrifts
button.
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Thelasttwocolumnsactuallydonotgivethe 13STOREYRESPONSE
directvaluesofDRIFTX&DRIFTYasshown,
ratherthesearethevaluesforDRIFT Thisisveryusefulandquickoptionand
X/StoreyHeightandDRIFTY/StoreyHeight, displaystheresultsingraphicalformat,unlike
becausewehavetocheckaccordingtoUBC standardtablesform.
thelimitfordriftwhichisequalto0.0020or
0.0025xstoreyheightdependingontime
period(SeeUBC).Simplifyingthis,weget,
Maxdriftallowed=UBCValue(0.0025or
0.0020)xstoreyheight
Rearranging;
Storeydriftratio=Actualdrift/storeyheight
Sothisstoreydriftratioshouldnotexceed
0.0025or0.0020accordingtoUBC.InETABS
itgivesvaluesofstoreydriftrationotthe
actualdrift,soyoucaneasilyseeifETABS
valueisexceeding0.0025or0.0020valueof
UBCornot?.Alwaysremembertohave
appropriateunits,beforecheckingthese
results.
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Youcanalsocheckthedetailedresultsin
tableformat.
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Now,aBUGhere! ShowingWRONGVALUESwithlotof
NEGATIVESIGNSinbothwindows.
Aftercheckingtheresultsintableformatas
above,againselectanynode/jointandright
clickonitfordisplacementvaluesasyoudid
before.Youwillnoticestrangevaluesforthe
samenode.(worried!).Thisisabug,
wheneveryouusetablesandagainselectthe
nodeitwillgiveyoustrangevalues.Just
refreshyourmodelbyzoomingin/outwith
yourmouseforasecondortwoandthen
rightclickonthenode/joint.Itwillgiveyou
nowthecorrectvalues.
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14LOCALAXIS
Whiledefiningstructuralframesectionsand
viewingtheiranalysisresults,itisimportant
toknowtheaxesofthemembers.Pleasealso
seeETABShelpaboutthistopic.Forline
sections:
The3axisinETABSisXaxis.
The2axisinETABSisYaxis.
The1axisisalongthememberlength.
Forareasections,thezaxisalwaysdependon
thepathyouchosetodrawthearea(clock
wiseoranticlockwise).Itsrecommendedto
keepthispointinmindwhileworkingwith
areaobjectstodrawalltheareasinone
orientationsthatisallclockwiseoranti
clockwise,becauseallareaswillhavesamez
directioneitherintothescreenorcomingout
ofthescreen(dependingontheorientation).
Itwillalsohelpinmanualmeshing(sameaxes
foreachsmallfinitearea).
15MERGINGPOINTS
Ifyouarerepeatedlyreceivingerrorsabout
points,linesandareastoocloseor
overlapping,youcanmergepointswithin
sometolerance(ashighas50mm).
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16VIEWOPTIONS
Thereareno.ofoptionsavailableinETABSto
makeyourmodellookwhatyouwant.You
canhavebeamsectionnames,dimensions
etc.Youcanfilltheareasandextrudethe
viewtohavebetterlooking3Dview.When
extrudingorusingthefillobjectoption,also
usethesectionoptioninsteadofmaterial
optionatleft.Thiswillshowthecolorsof
differentsectionsusedinthemodel,andwill
beeasytoseewherewhatsectionis
changing.Youcanchangethecolorsfrom
framesections,slabsectionsproperties.
Openingthesamemodelfileatanother
computermaygivedifferentcolors.Themost
importantoptionisattheleftbottomcorner,
ApplytoAllWindows.
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16STATUSBAR
Alwayskeepaneyeoverthestatusbarto
checkwhichelementisselected.
17RESETMENU
Ifyouhaveanyproblemwithmenu,oryou
havedisabledorhavehiddensomemenu,
resetthemenutosolvetheproblemin
Optionsmenu>Resettoolbars.
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