Chapter 3

Name.....
Test Review
Hour.
Homework

Directions: Match the correct vocabulary term to each numbered statement. Write
the letter of the correct term on the line provided to you.

1. __C__ Measure of how close a series of measurements are to a. accuracy

one another
2. __A__ Measure of how close a measurement comes to the b. measurement
actual value
3. __F__ Digits in a measurement that are known plus one that is c. precision
estimated
4. __E__ A value determined in the laboratory d. scientific notation
5. __B__ A quantity that has both a number and a unit e. experimental
value
6. __D__ A method of expressing numbers as a product of a f. significant figures
coefficient and a power of 10.
7. __K__ Quantity of heat the raises the temperature of 1 g of g. Kelvin scale
pure water by 1 C
8. __S__ The capacity to do work or produce heat h. International
System of Units (SI)
9. __N__ The SI unit of energy i. temperature
10. __M__ Non-SI unit of volume j. meter
11. __H__ Standardized system of measurement based on the k. calorie
metric system
12. __R__ Mass unit commonly used in chemistry l. Celsius scale
13. __J__ The SI unit of length m. liter
14. __O__ Force that measures the pull of gravity on a given mass n. joule
15. __P__ Zero point on the Kelvin scale equals to -273.15 C o. weight
16. __Q__ SI base unit of mass p. absolute zero
17. __G__ Temperature scale on which the freezing point is q. kilogram
273.15 C and its boiling point is 373.15 C
18. __L__ Freezing scale that sets the freezing point of water at 0 r. gram
C and its boiling point at 100 C
19. __I__ Measure of how hot or cold an object is s. energy

Directions: Use this completion exercise to check your understanding of the concepts
and terms that were introduced in each section. Each blank can be completed with a
term, short phase or number. Write your answers on the lines provided to you.

3.1 Measurements and their uncertainty

The __20__ of a measurement describes 20. __accuracy__

how close the measurement comes to the
21. __precision__
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true value. The __21__ of a measurement
22. __experimental value__
depends on its reproducibility. An __22__ is
a value measured in the lab. __23__ is 23. __error__
calculated by subtracting the __24__ from
24. __accepted value__
an experimental value. Percent error is
25. __100__
calculated by dividing the absolute value of
the error by the accepted value and then 26. __scientific notation__
multiplying by __25__.
27. __known__
Large and small numbers are more easily
handled when expressed in __26__.
Significant figures in a measurement
include all of the digits that are __27__ plus
a last digit that is estimated.

3.2 The International System of units

The International System of Units (SI) is a 28. __meter__

revision of the metric system. In SI, the
29. __kilogram__
base unit of length is the __28__, mass is
30. __second__
the __29__, time is the __30__ and amount
of substance is the __31__. Scientists 31. __mole__
commonly use two equivalent units of
32. __celcius__
temperature, the degree __32__ and the
33. __Kelvin__
__33__. The __34__ and the __35__ are
common units of energy. 34. __joule__

35. __calorie___

3.3 Conversion Problems

Whenever two measurements are equal, 36. __conversion factor

(transformation)__
or equivalent, a ratio of these two
measurements will equal 1. A ratio of 37. __dimensional analysis__
equivalent measurements is called a
38. __starting quantity (given)__
__36__. When a measurement is multiplied
39. __steps__
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by a conversion factor, the value of the
40. __conversion factor
measurement remains the same. In
(transformation)__
__37__, the units that are part of the
measurements are used to help solve the
problem. The form of the conversion
factor that is used is the one in which the
unit of the __38__ is in the denominator.
Many complex word problems can be
solved by breaking the solution into
__39__. When converting between units, it
is often necessary to use more than one
41. __denominator__
__40__. In doing multi-step problems, it is
important to check that the numerator 42. __unknown__
and __41__ of each conversion factor are
equivalent. When the units cancel, you
should be left with the unit of the __42__.

3.4 Density

The ratio of the mass of an object to its 43. __density__

volume is its __43__. Density is an __44__
44. __intensive__
property that depends only on the
chemical composition of a substance, not
on the size of the sample.

Directions: Write the following measurements in proper scientific notation. Write your
answer on the line provided to you. Remember to include units!

45. 1,450,000 km __1.45105 km__

46. 0.0251 m __2.5110-2 m__

47. 120 kg __1.2102 kg__

Directions: Expand the following numbers from scientific notation into standard
notation. Write your answer on the line provided to you. Remember to include units!

48. 5.4 10-3 mL __0.0054 mL__

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 49. 1.24 102 L __124 L__

50. 7.32 10-9 miles __0.00000000732 miles__

Directions: Determine how many significant figures are in the following

measurements. Place your answer on the lines provided to you.

51. 2.45 cm __3__

52. 507 g __3__

53. 0.01450 m __4__

54. 5.10 cm2 __3__

55. 400 m __1__

56. 10. mL __2__

57. 3.40 106 m __3__

Directions: For each question, use the scale to record the following measurements
with the proper number of significant figures. Place your answer on the lines provided
to you. Remember to include units with your answer!

58. __33 cm__

59. __0.25 cm__

Directions: Perform the following calculations. Express your answer with the proper
number of significant figures. Remember to include units with your answer!

60. 1.20 m + 0.4 m + 785.254 m __786.9 m__

61. 45.21 cm 22 cm 1.542 cm __22 cm__

62. 1.54 107 m3 2 105 m2 __80 m__

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 63. 20 miles 4 miles 0.548 miles __40 miles3__

Directions: Use dimensional analysis and SUTS to answer the following questions.
Complete all of the relevant steps to receive full credit. Remember to include units in
your responses.

64. How many kilograms are in 125 grams?

S: __125 grams__

U: __kilograms__

T: __1 kilogram = 1000 g__

125 g 1 kg
S: = 0.125 kg
10 3 g

65. How many microliters are in 0.12 liters?

S: __0.12 L__

U: __microliters__

T: __106 L = 1 L__

6
0.12 L 10L 5
S: = 1.210L
1L
66. How many nanoseconds are in 4.68 gigaseconds?

S: __4.68 Gs__

U: __ns__

T: __109s = 1 Gs; 109 ns = 1 s__

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 4.68 Gs 10 9 s 10 9 ns
S: = 4.6810 18 ns
1Gs 1s

67. How many centikelvin are in 4.68 kilokelvin?

S: __4.68 kK__

U: __cK__

T: __1 kK = 1000 K; 100 cK = 1 K__

4.68 kK 10 3 K 10 2cK
S: = 4.6810 5 cK
1 kK 1 K

68. An unknown metal has a mass of 1.25 g. Using water displacement, the
metal was determined to have a volume of 0.25 mL. Calculate the density of the
metal.

S: __mass = 1.25 g; v = 0.25 mL__

U: __density__

T: __d = m/v__

m 1.25g g
S: d= = = 5.0
v 0.25mL mL

69. The density of magnesium is 1.50 g/mL. What mass of magnesium, in

grams, do you have if you have 5.67 mL of magnesium?

S: __5.67 mL__

U: __g__

T: __1.50 g = 1 mL__

5.67 mL 1.50 g
S: = 8.5 g
1 mL

70. Silver has a density of 11.3 g/cm3. What mass of silver, in grams, do you
have if you have 3.4510-2 L of silver? (1 cm3 = 1 mL)

S: __3.4510-2 L__

U: __g__

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 T: __11.3 g = 1 cm3; 1 cm3 = 1 mL, 103 mL = 1 L; 106 L = 1 L__

-2 3
3.4510L 1 L 10 mL 1 cm 311.3 g
S: 6 3
= 3.9010 -4 g
10 L 1 L 1 mL 1 cm

71. The density of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3. What is the density of aluminum in
units of moles/quart? (1 mole of aluminum = 26.98 g; 1 mL = 1
3 -1
cm ; 1 quart = 9.46 10 L)

S: __2.7 g/cm3__

U: __moles/quart__

T: __1 mole = 26.98 g; 1mL = 1 cm3; 1 quart = 9.46 10-1 L__

2.7 g 1 mole 1 cm 3 10 3 mL 9.4610 -1L moles

S: 3
= 95
cm 26.98 g 1 mL 1L 1 quart quart

Directions: Read each statement and select the best answer. Place your answers on
the lines provided to you.

72. __A__ An object was measured to have a length of 5.03 m. The estimated
number in this measurement is the ___.
a. 3
b. 5
c. 0
d. all of the numbers are estimated

73. __B__ An object was measured to have a length of 10.5 m. The marked
interval is the ___ place.
a. tens
b. ones
c. tenths
d. hundredths

74. __B__ The SI unit for mass is the ___.

a. gram
b. kilogram

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 c. mol
d. Kelvin

75. __C__ Which measurement is larger, 1000 mL or 1 L?

a. 1000 mL
b. 1 L
c. neither they are equal

76. __C__ Which statement is not true?

a. 106 m = 1 m
b. 109 nm = 1 m
c. 1 m = 103 km
d. 109 m = 1 Gm

77. __A__ A scientist measures the temperature to be 20.5C. On the Kelvin

scale, this temperature would be ___.
a. 293.5 K
b. 252.5 K
c. 5.60103 K

78. __C__ Which object has a larger density? 10 grams of water or 100 grams
of water?
a. 10 grams of water
b. 100 grams of water
c. neither they both have the same density

79. __A__ Generally speaking, the density of an object decreases as

temperature increases.
a. True
b. False

80. __B__ Which of these series of units is ordered from smallest to largest?
a. g, cg, mg, kg
b. mm, dm, m, km
c. s, ns, cs, s
d. nL, mL, dL, cL

81. __B__ Which answer represents the measurement 0.00428 g rounded to

two significant figures?
a. 4.28 103 g
b. 4.3 10-3 g
c. 4.3 103 g
d. 4.28 10-3 g
82. __B__ If a substance contracts when it freezes, its ___.
a. density will remain the same
b. density will increase
c. density will decrease
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 d. change in density cannot be predicted

83. __B__ Precise measurements will always be accurate measurements.

a. True
b. False

84. __C__ An object has a known mass of 1.25 grams. A teacher places the
mass on a balance and determines that its mass is 0.75 g. She conducts three
more trials and determines the masses to be 7.59 g, 3.22 g and 15.45 g. This
balance would best be described as being ___.
a. accurate, but not precise
b. accurate and precise
c. neither accurate nor precise
d. precise, but not accurate

85. __C__ The symbol for the element magnesium is ___.

a. Mn
b. Mag
c. Mg
d. Ma

86. __C__ The element whose symbol is K is ___.

a. Krypton
b. Phosphorus
c. Potassium
d. Kingston

87. __D__ The symbol for the element sodium is ___.

a. Sod
b. So
c. Nd
d. Na

88. __A__ The element whose symbol is Ag is ___.

a. Silver
b. Gold
c. Agriculture
d. Argon

89. __B__ The symbol for the element cadmium is ___.

a. Ca
b. Cd
c. Cm
d. Cad
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