GB/T 1220-2007

Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T1220-2007

Translated by: www.ChineseStandard.net
Wayne Zheng et al.
Email: Sales@ChineseStandard.net

GB
ICS 77.140.20
H 40

NATIONAL STANDARD

OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

GB/T 1220-2007
Replacing GB/T 1220-1992

Stainless Steel Bars

Issued on: May 14, 2007 Implemented on: December 01, 2007

General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and

Issued by:
Quarantine of the Peoples Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the Peoples Republic of China.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Table of Contents

Foreword .......................................................................................................................................... 3

1. Scope......................................................................................................................................... 6

2. Normative References ............................................................................................................. 6

3. Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................... 10

4. Contents in order sheet ......................................................................................................... 10

5. Classification ......................................................................................................................... 10

6. Dimension, shape, weight and permissible deviation ......................................................... 11

7. Technical requirements ......................................................................................................... 12

7.1 Grade and chemical components ............................................................................ 12
7.2 Melting method......................................................................................................... 12
7.3 Delivery state ............................................................................................................ 12
7.4 Mechanical properties.............................................................................................. 12
7.5 Corrosion resistance ................................................................................................. 25
7.6 Macro structure ........................................................................................................ 26
7.7 Hot forging ................................................................................................................ 26
7.8 Surface quality.......................................................................................................... 26
7.9 Special requirements ................................................................................................ 27

8. Test methods .......................................................................................................................... 27

9. Inspection rules ..................................................................................................................... 28

9.1 Inspection and acceptance ....................................................................................... 28
9.2 Lot organization rules .............................................................................................. 28
9.3 Sampling position and sampling quantity .............................................................. 28
9.4 Rules for re-inspection and determination............................................................. 28

10. Packing, marking and quality certificate ....................................................................... 29

Annex A .......................................................................................................................................... 30

Annex B .......................................................................................................................................... 33

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Foreword

This Standard replaces GB/T 1220-1992 Stainless steel bars.

In comparison with Standard GB/T 12201992, main changes of this Standard include the
following points:

Add the Technical terms and definitions and Contents in order sheet (See Chapter 3
and Chapter 4);

Dimensions, shape, weight and permissible deviation is changed to direct quotation

of stipulations specified in universal basic standard (Chapter 4 of 1992 edition; Chapter
6 of this edition);

Delete the 6 grades, including 1Cr18Mn10Ni5Mo3N, 1Cr18Mn12Mo2Ti,

0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, 1Cr18Ni5Mo12Mo3Ti, 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 0Cr26Ni5Mo2, etc. (Table
2 and Table 3 of 1992 Edition);

Add the 6 grades and their properties, in including 022Cr18Mn22Ni5Mo3N,

022Cr23Ni5Mo3N, 022Cr25Ni6Mo2N, 03Cr25Ni6Mo3Cu2N, 17Cr16Ni2 and
05Cr15Ni5Cu4Nb, etc. (See Table 2 and Table 7, Table 4 and Table 9, Table 5 and
Table 10);

Adjust the chemical compositions and phosphonium content of 21 steel grades (serial
numbers: 1, 3, 13, 17, 23, 25, 35, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 52, 55, 62, 68, 93, 85, 98, 137 and
139) based on universal international steel grade (Table 2 in 1992 Edition and Tables 1
~ 5 in this Edition);

Modify the Smelting method that shall apply to initial molten steel plus
out-of-furnace refining process in priority (Article 5.2 of 1992 edition and Article 7.2 of
this edition);

Delivery state is changed from It may not be treated if it is required by the Buyer
into It may not be treated through negotiations between the Supplier and the Buyer,
while for precipitation-hardening stainless steel bars it has added that annealing
treatment to the delivery can be chosen by steel texture (Article 5.3 of 1992 edition
and Article 7.3 of this edition);

For Surface quality it has added that It may specify to remove scales formed from
heat treatment by way of pickling, turning or other methods through negotiations
between the Supplier and the Buyer, which shall be indicated in contract (Article 7.8.3
of this edition);

The heat treatment system for all kinds of stainless steel bars or test pieces is separated
from mechanical property table and listed into Annex A (Informative annex) (Table 3 ~
Table 5 of 1992 edition; Table A.1 ~ Table A.5 of this edition);

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 GB/T 1220-2007

The yield strength for martensite and precipitation-hardening stainless steel is changed
to necessary inspection indicator (Article 5.4.1.1 of 1992 edition; Table 9 and Table 10
of this edition);

For 022Cr19Ni5Mo3Si2N(00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2) steel, it has added that Brinell hardness

value HBW shall be no more than 290 (Table 3 of 1992 edition; Table 7 of this edition);

For 12Cr13(1Cr13) steel it has added that the lower limit of carbon content shall be
0.08%, while its percentage elongation after fracture is adjusted from 25% to 22%
(Table 2 and Table 4 of 1992 edition; Table 4 and Table 9 of this edition);

For 30Cr13(Y3Cr13) steel, its percentage elongation after fracture is adjusted from
12% and 40% to 8% and 35% (Table 4 of 1992 edition; Table 9 of this edition);

The original yield strength 0.2 value for some martensite steels (No. 18, 22, 26, 39, 46,
50 and 52) and 06Cr13Al(0Cr13Al) is adjusted from 177Mpa to proof strength at
non-proportional extension RP0.2 value to be 175 N/mm2 (Table 3 of 1992 edition; Table
6 and Table 8 of this edition);

The yield strength 0.2 value for 022Cr12(00Cr12) steels is adjusted from 196MPa to
proof strength at non-proportional extension RP0.2 value to be 195 N/mm2, while tensile
strength is adjusted from 365MPa to 360N/mm2 (Table 3 of 1992 edition; Table 8 of
this edition);

The tensile strengths Rm for 20Cr13 (2Cr13) and 13Cr13 (1Cr13Mo) are adjusted
respectively from 635MPa and 685MPa to 640N/mm2 and 690N/mm2 (Table 4 of 1992
edition; Table 9 of this edition);

Delete the stipulations on section shrinkage rate of flat steel (Table 3 ~ Table 5 of 1992
edition; notes of Table 6 to Table 10 of this edition);

Corrosion resistance is changed to an item in agreement, where it has cancelled the

two test methods contained in GB/T 4334.4 and GB/T 4334.6, while for the test
condition of 06Cr19Ni13Mo3 (0Cr19Ni13Mo3) it has added Sensitizing treatment
(Article 5.5 of 1992 edition; Article 7.5 of this edition);

For Surface quality, add the It may specify to remove scales formed from heat
treatment by way of pickling, turning or other methods through negotiations between
the Supplier and the Buyer, which shall be indicated in contract (Article 5.8 of 1992
edition; Article 7.8 of this edition);

It has clearly specified the sampling positions in Macro structure and Tower shape
for inspection of continuous casting steel and the sampling quantity for Corrosion
resistance test (Article 12 of 1992 edition; Article 16 of this edition);

Delete the Check list for stainless steel grades of this Standard and stainless steel
grades of each country and changed to direct quotation of GB/T 20878: Stainless steel

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 GB/T 1220-2007

and heat-resisting steel Grade and chemical compositions (Annex B of 1992 edition;
Table 1 ~ Table 5 of this edition).

The Annex A and Annex B of this Standard are informative.

This Standard was proposed by China Iron and Steel Association.

This Standard shall be under jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee of

Standardization for Iron and Steel.

The main drafting organizations of this Standard: China Metallurgical Information and
Standardization Institute, and Liaoning Dongbei Special Steel Group Co., Ltd..

The main drafters of this Standard: Luan Yan, Dai Qiang, Gu Qiang, Zeng Wentao, and Liu
Baoshi.

The historical versions to be substituted by this Standard include:

-- GB/T 12201975, GB/T 12201984, GB/T 12201992.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Stainless steel bars

1. Scope

This Standard specifies the dimensions, shape, technical requirements, test methods,
inspection rules, packing marks, and certificate quality of stainless steel bars (generic terms of
round steel, square steel, flat steel, hexagonal steel and octagonal steel, hereinafter refer to as
Steel bar).

This Standard is applicable to the hot rolled and forged steel bars of which the dimension
(diameter, side length, thickness or subtense distance, hereinafter refer to as Dimension) is
no more than 250mm. Through negotiations of both the Supplier and Buyer, it may also
supply the hot rolled and forged steel bars of which the dimension is more than 250mm.

2. Normative References

The articles contained in the following documents have become part of this Standard when
they are quoted herein. For the dated documents so quoted, all the modifications (excluding
corrections) or revisions made thereafter shall not be applicable to this Standard. For the
undated documents so quoted, the latest editions shall be applicable to this Standard.

GB/T 222 Permissible deviations for chemical composition of steel products

GB/T 223.3 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The Diantipyrylmethane
Phosphomolybdate Gravimetric Method for the Determination of phosphonium content

GB/T 223.4 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The volumetric method
for determination of manganese content by ammonium nitrate oxidation

GB/T 223.5 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The reduction type
silicomolybdic acid spectrophotometric method for the determination of acid-soluble silicon
content

GB/T 223.8 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium fluoride
separation-EDTA titration method for the determination of aluminium content

GB/T 223.9 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The chromazurine S
spectrophotometric method for the determination of aluminium content

GB/T 223.11 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The ammonium
persulphate oxidation volumetric method for the determination of chrome content

GB/T 223.14 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The tantalum reagent
extraction spectrophotometric method for the determination of vanadium content

GB/T 223.16 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The chromotropic acid

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spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium content

GB/T 223.17 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The diantipyrylmethane
spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium content

GB/T 223.18 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium thiosulfate
separation - iodine volumetric method for the determination of cuprum content

GB/T 223.23 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The dimethyl glyoxime
spectrophotometric method for the determination of nickel content

GB/T 223.25 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The dimethyl glyoxime
gravimetric method for the determination of nickel content

GB/T 223.26 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The thiocyanate direct
spectrophotometric method for the determination of molybdenum content

GB/T 223.28 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The alpha-Benzoin
oxim gravimetric method for the determination of molybdenum content

GB/T 223.36 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The distillation
separation - neutralization titration method for the determination of nitrogen content

GB/T 223.37 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The distillation
separation - indophenol blue spectrophotometric method for the determination of nitrogen
content

GB/T 223.40 Determination of niobium content in iron, steel and alloy The
sulfochlorophenol S spectrophotometric method

GB/T 223.52 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The hydroxylamine
hydrochloride - iodine gravimetric method for the determination of selenium content

GB/T 223.58 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium arsenite -
sodium nitrite titration method for the determination of manganese content

GB/T 223.59 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The molybdenum blue
photometric method for the determination of phosphonium content

GB/T 223.60 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The perchloric acid
dehydration method for the determination of silicon content

GB/T 223.61 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The ammonium
phosphomolybdate volumetric method for the determination of phosphonium content

GB/T 223.62 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The Butyl Acetate
extraction photometric method for the determination of phosphonium content

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GB/T 223.63 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The sodium periodate
(potassium periodate) photometric method for the determination of manganese content (GB/T
223.63-1998, neq ISO R 629)

GB/T 223.64 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The flame atom
absorption spectral method for the determination of manganese content

GB/T 223.67 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The potassium iodate
titration method after combustion in the pipe furnace for determination of phosphonium
content

GB/T 223.68 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The gas volumetric
method after combustion in the pipe furnace for determination of carbon content

GB/T 223.71 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The gravimetric method
after combustion in the pipe furnace for determination of carbon content

GB/T 223.72 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy The aluminium oxide
color layer separation - barium sulfate gravimetric method for determination of phosphonium
content

GB/T 226 Etch test for macrostructure and defect of steels (GB/T 226-1991, neq ISO4969:
1980, Steel Macroscopic examination by etching with strong mineral acids)

GB/T 228 Metallic material Greenhouse tension test method (GB/T 228 2002, eqv ISO
6892: 1998)

GB/T 229 Metal Charpy impact test method (GB/T 229 1994, eqv ISO 83: 1976, Steel
Charpy impact test (U-notch), eqv ISO 148; 1983, Steel Charpy impact test (V-notch))

GB/T 230.1 Metal Rockwell hardness test, Part I: Test method (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N,
T measuring scales) (GB/T 230.1-2004, ISO 6508: 1999, MOD)

GB/T 231.1 Metal Brinell hardness test, Part I: Test method (GB/T 231.1-2002, eqv ISO
6506-1: 1999)

GB/T 7022004 Metal Hot-rolled round steel and square steel Dimension, shape, weight
and permissible deviation (GB/T 7022004, ISO 1035-1: 1980, Hot-rolled steel bar Part 1:
Dimension of round bars, ISO1035-2: 1980, Hot-rolled steel bar Part 1: Dimension of
square bars, ISO1035-4: 1982, Hot-rolled steel bar Part 4:Tolerances, MOD)

GB/T 7041988 Metal Hot-rolled flat steel Dimension, shape, weight and permissible
deviation

GB/T 7051985 Metal Hot-rolled hexagonal steel and octagonal steel Dimension,
shape, weight and permissible deviation

GB/T 9081987 Metal Forged round steel and square steel Dimension, shape, weight

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 GB/T 1220-2007

and permissible deviation

GB/T 1979 Standard diagrams for macrostructure and defect of structural steels

GB/T 2101 General requirements of acceptance, packaging, marking and certification for
section steel

GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products--Location and preparation of test pieces for mechanical
testing (GB/T 2975-1998, eqv ISO 377: 1997)

GB/T 4334.1 Stainless steel 10% oxalic acid etch test method

GB/T 4334.2 Stainless steel sulfuric acid - ferric sulfate corrosion test method

GB/T 4334.3 Stainless steel 65% nitric acid corrosion test method

GB/T 4334.5 Stainless steel sulfuric acid - copper sulfate corrosion test method

GB/T 4340.1 Metal Vickers hardness test, Part I: Test method (GB/T 4340.1-1999, eqv ISO
6507-1: 1997)

GB/T 6394 Metal Methods for determination of the average grain size

GB/T 6401-1986 Micrographic method for determining area fraction of the alpha-phases
using charts in ferritic-austenitic duplex stainless steel

GB/T 7736 Ultrasonic inspecting method for macro-structure and defect of steel

GB/T 9971-2004 Pure iron for raw material

GB/T 10121 Steel products--Method for magnetic particle inspection of tower sample

GB/T 10561 Determination of nonmetal inclusion content in steels -- Methods for

radiographic inspection and classification of radiographs (GB/T 10561-2005, ISO 4967: 1998,
IDT)

GB/T 11170 Method for photoelectric emission spectral analysis of stainless steel

GB/T 13305-1991 Micrographic method for determining area fraction of the alpha-phases in
austenitic stainless steel

GB/T 15574 Classification for steel products

GB/T 15711 Steel productsMethod for etch test of tower sample

GB/T 16761-1997 Forged flat steel Dimension, shape, weight and permissible deviation

GB/T 17505 General technical requirements on delivery of steel and steel products (GB/T
17505 1998, eqv ISO 404: 1992)

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 GB/T 1220-2007

GB/T 20066 Iron and steel Sampling and sample preparation method for determination of
chemical compositions (GB/T 20066-2006, ISO 14284: 1996, IDT)

GB/T 20878 Stainless steel and heat-resisting steel Grades and chemical compositions

YB/T 5293 Metallic materials-Forging test

3. Terms and definitions

The technical terms and definitions established in GB/T 20878 and GB/T 15574 are
applicable to this Standard.

4. Contents in order sheet

The contract for goods or order form made according this Standard shall contain the following
contents:

a) Standard code;

b) Product description;

c) Grade or unified numerical code;

d) Section shape (round, square, flat, hexagonal or octagonal);

e) Dimensions and shape (see Chapter 6);

f) Weight (or quantity);

g) Processing method used (See 5.2);

h) Delivery state (See 7.2);

i) Special requirements (See 7.9).

5. Classification

5.1 By structural features, steel bars are divided into 5 categories - austenite type,
austenite-ferrite type, ferrite type, martensite type, and precipitation-hardening type.

5.2 By application methods, steel bars are divided into 2 categories as follows. Application
methods of steel bars shall be indicated in contract, otherwise, it shall supply the steel for the
purpose of cutting processing.

a) Steel for pressing processing UP

1) Hot-pressing processing UHP

2) Steel for hot-forging UHF

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stipulations set forth in Table 6 ~ Table 10 respectively.

7.4.3 For the non-heat-treated steel bars, the blank of test pieces shall be heat treated and its
mechanical properties shall conform to the stipulations set forth in Table 6 ~ Table 10
respectively.

7.4.4 The mechanical properties of precipitation-hardening type steel bars shall be indicated in
contract, otherwise it shall execute the second group in contract.

7.4.5 If the Supplier can guarantee the qualification of mechanical properties, it may wholly or
partially omit mechanical property test.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Table 1 Chemical compositions of austenite type stainless steel

Code in
Unified Chemical compositions (mass fraction) %
GB/T 20878
numerical New grade Previous grade Other
code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu N elements
5.50~7. 0.05~0
1 S35350 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N 0.15 1.00 0.050 0.030 3.50~5.50 16.00~18.00
50 .25
7.50~1 0.05~0
3 S35450 12Cr18Mn9Ni5N 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N 0.15 1.00 0.050 0.030 4.00~6.00 17.00~19.00
0.00 .25
9 S30110 12Cr17Ni7 1Cr17Ni7 0.15 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 5.00~8.00 16.00~18.00 0.10
13 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9 0.15 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00~10.00 17.00~19.00 0.10
15 S30317 Y12Cr18Ni9 Y1Cr18Ni9 0.15 1.00 2.00 0.20 0.15 8.00~10.00 17.00~19.00 (0.60)
16 S30327 Y12Cr18Ni9Se Y1Cr18Ni9Se 0.15 1.00 2.00 0.20 0.060 8.00~10.00 17.00~19.00 Se0.15
17 S30408 06Cr19Ni10 0Cr18Ni9 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00~11.00 18.00~20.00
18 S30403 022Cr19Ni10 00Cr19Ni10 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00~12.00 18.00~20.00
3.00~
22 S30488 06Cr18Ni9Cu3 0Cr18Ni9Cu3 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.50~10.50 17.00~19.00
4.00
0.10~0
23 S30458 06Cr19Ni10N 0Cr19Ni9N 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00~11.00 18.00~20.00
.16
0.15~0
24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 0Cr19Ni10NbN 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 7.50~10.50 18.00~20.00 Nb0.15
.30
0.10~0
25 S30453 022Cr19Ni10N 00Cr18Ni10N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 8.00~11.00 18.00~20.00
.16
26 S30510 10Cr18Ni12 1Cr18Ni12 0.12 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 10.50~13.00 17.00~19.00

32 S30908 06Cr23Ni13 0Cr23Ni13 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 12.00~15.00 22.00~24.00

35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 0Cr25Ni20 0.08 1.50 2.00 0.045 0.030 19.00~22.00 24.00~26.00

2.00~3.
38 S31608 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 0.08 1.00 2.00 0.045 0.030 10.00~14.00 16.00~18.00
00

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Table 2 Chemical compositions of austenite-ferrite type stainless steel

Code Unified Chemical compositions (mass fraction) %
in
GB/T numerical New grade Previous grade Other
20878 code C Si Mn P S Ni Cr Mo Cu N elements
Ti0.40~0.7
0.10~0. 3.40~4. 10.00~12 17.50~1 0
67 S21860 14Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti 1Cr18Ni11Si4A1Ti 0.80 0.035 0.030
18 00 .00 9.50 A10.10~0.
30
1.30~2. 1.00~2. 4.50~5.5 18.00~1 2.50~3. 0.05~0.
68 S21953 022Cr19Ni5Mo3Si2N 00Cr18Ni5Mo3Si2 0.030 0.035 0.030
00 00 0 9.50 00 12

4.50~6.5 21.00~2 2.50~3. 0.08~0.

70 S22253 022Cr22Ni5Mo3N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.030 0.020
0 3.00 50 20

4.50~6.5 22.00~2 2.50~3. 0.14~0.

71 S22053 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.030 0.020
0 3.00 50 20

5.50~6.5 24.00~2 1.20~2. 0.10~0.

73 S22553 022Cr25Ni6Mo2N 0.030 1.00 2.00 0.035 0.030
0 6.00 50 20

4.50~6.5 24.00~2 2.90~3. 1.50~2. 0.10~0.

75 S25554 03Cr25Ni6Mo3Cu2N 0.04 1.00 1.50 0.035 0.030
0 7.00 90 50 25

Note 1: All the elements listed in the table shall be maximum value, unless it is otherwise indicated for range or minimum value.
Note 2: The comparison between the grades of this Standard and those of foreign standards refer to GB/T 20878.

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Table 6 (Continued)
Proof strength, Shrinkage rate after Section shrinkage Hardness b
Code non-proportional Tensile strength Rm
Unified fracture A rate Zc
in
New grade Previous grade extension /(N/mm2)
numerical /% /% HBW HRB HV
GB/T
code RP0.2b/(N/mm2)
20878
No less than No larger than

24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 0Cr19Ni10NbN 345 685 35 50 250 100 260

25 S30453 022Cr19Ni10N 00Cr18Ni10N 245 550 40 50 217 95 220

26 S30510 10Cr18Ni12 1Cr18Ni12 175 480 40 60 187 90 200

32 S30908 06Cr23Ni13 0Cr23Ni13 205 520 40 60 187 90 200

35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 0Cr25Ni20 205 520 40 50 187 90 200

38 S31608 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 205 520 40 60 187 90 200

39 S31603 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 175 480 40 60 187 90 200

41 S31668 06C17Ni12Mo2Ti 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti 205 530 40 55 187 90 200

43 S31658 06Cr17Ni12Mo2N 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N 275 550 35 50 217 95 220

44 S31653 022Cr17Ni12Mo2N 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N 245 550 40 50 217 95 220

45 S31688 06Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 205 520 40 60 187 90 200

46 S31683 022Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 175 480 40 60 187 90 200

49 S31708 06Cr19Ni13Mo3 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 205 520 40 60 187 90 200

50 S31703 022Cr19Ni13Mo3 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 175 480 40 60 187 90 200

52 S31794 03Cr18Ni16Mo5 0Cr18Ni16Mo5 175 480 40 45 187 90 200

55 S32168 06Cr18Ni11Ti 0Cr18Ni10Ti 205 520 40 50 187 90 200

62 S34778 06Cr18Ni11Nb 0Cr18Ni11Nb 205 520 40 50 187 90 200

64 S38148 06Cr18Ni13Si4 0Cr18Ni13Si4 205 520 40 60 207 95 218

a. This table is only applicable to the steel bars that the diameter, side length, thickness or subtense distance is less than or equal to 180mm, for the steel bars of more than 180mm, it can be forged into 180mm sample blank for
test, or through negotiation of the Supplier and Buyer to stipulate that it is allowable to reduce the value of its mechanical properties.
b. Proof strength, non-proportional extension and hardness shall only be tested when it is required by the Buyer (to be indicated in contract), in this case, the Supplier can select one method to determine hardness according to the
dimension and state of steel bars.
c. It is not applicable to flat steel, but when it is required by the Buyer, it shall be decided through negotiation of both the Supplier and Buyer.

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Table 8 Mechanical properties of ferrite type steel bars or test pieces through annealing treatment (See Table A.3)a
Proof strength,
non-proportional Tensile strength Shrinkage rate after Section Charpy absorbed Hardness b
Code energy
Unified
extension Rm fracture A shrinkage rate
in Aku2d/J
numerical New grade Previous grade /(N/mm2) /% Zc HBW
GB/T RP0.2b/(N/mm2)
code
20878
No less than No more than

78 S11348 06Cr13A1 0Cr13A1 175 410 20 60 78 183

83 S11203 022Cr12 00Cr12 195 360 22 60 - 183

85 S11710 10Cr17 1Cr17 205 450 22 50 - 183

86 S11717 Y10Cr17 Y1Cr17 205 450 22 50 - 183

88 S11790 10Cr17Mo 1Cr17Mo 205 450 22 60 - 183

94 S12791 008Cr27Mo 00Cr27Mo 245 410 20 45 - 219

95 S13091 008Cr30Mo2 00Cr30Mo2 295 450 20 45 - 228

a. Table 7 is only applicable to the steel bars that the diameter, side length, thickness or subtense distance is less than or equal to 75mm, for the steel bars of more than 75mm, it can be forged into 75mm sample blank for test,
or through negotiation of the Supplier and Buyer to stipulate that it is allowable to reduce the value of its mechanical properties.
b. Proof strength, non-proportional extension and hardness shall only be tested when it is required by the Buyer (to be indicated in contract), in this case, the Supplier can select one method to determine hardness according to
the dimension and state of steel bars.
c. It is not applicable to flat steel, but when it is required by the Buyer, it shall be decided through negotiation of both the Supplier and Buyer.
d. For the round steel, hexagonal steel and octagonal steel that diameter or subtense distance is less than or equal to 16mm, or for the square steel and flat steel that the thickness is less than 12mm, it shall not conduct impact
test.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Table 10 Mechanical properties of precipitation-hardening type (See Table A.5) steel bars or test pieces
Proof strength, Tensile Shrinkage rate Section Hardness c
Code
Unified Heat treatment non-proportional strength R m after fracture A shrinkage rate
in extension /(N/mm2) /% Zb/%
numerical New grade Previous grade RP0.2b/(N/mm2)
GB/T
code
HBW HRW
20878 Grou
Type NO LESS THAN
p
Solution treatment 0 0 363 38
480C aging 1 1 1180 1310 10 35 375 40
S51550 05Cr15Ni5Cu4Nb

Precipit
hardeni
136 550C aging 2 2 1000 1070 12 45 331 35

ation
580C aging 3 3 865 1000 13 45 302 31
620C aging 4 4 725 930 16 50 277 28
Solution treatment 0 0 363 38
0Cr17Ni4Cu4N 480C aging 1 1 1180 1310 10 40 375 40
137 S51740 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb

Precipit
hardeni
b 550C aging 2 2 1000 1070 12 45 331 35

ation
580C aging 3 3 865 1000 13 45 302 31
620C aging 4 4 725 930 16 50 277 28
Solution treatment 0 0 229
138 S51770 07Cr17Ni7Al 0Cr17Ni7A1 510C aging 1 1 1030 1230 4 10 388

io
at
n
565C aging 2 2 960 1140 5 25 363
Solution treatment 0 0 269
139 S51570 07Cr15Ni7Mo2Al 0Cr15Ni7Mo2Al
io 510C aging 1 1 1210 1320 6 20 388
at
n

565C aging 2 2 1100 1210 7 25 375

a. Table 10 is only applicable to the steel bars that the diameter, side length, thickness or subtense distance is less than or equal to 75mm, for the steel bars of more than 75mm, it can be forged into 75mm sample blank for test, or
through negotiation of the Supplier and Buyer to stipulate that it is allowable to reduce the value of its mechanical properties.
b. It is not applicable to flat steel, but when it is required by the Buyer, it shall be decided through negotiation of both the Supplier and Buyer.
c. The Supplier can select one method to determine hardness according to the dimension and state of steel bars

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 GB/T 1220-2007

7.6 Macro structure

7.6.1 The acid dip macroscopic test piece of steel bar shall have no visible shrinkage cavity, air
bubble, crack, inclusion, skull patch or shatter crack. It is permissible for steel bars for
cutting processing to have subsurface inclusion or other inclusion with depth to be no
more than half of nominal dimension tolerance.

7.6.2 The qualification level for acid dip macro structure shall conform to the stipulations set
forth in Table 13. When the Buyer requires group 1, it shall be indicated in contract. For
steel bars with dimension no more than 200mm, the qualification level for macro
structure shall be decided through negotiations of the two parties.

7.6.3 If it can be guaranteed by the Supplier, it is permissible to apply ultrasonic detection or

other nondestructive flaw detection methods in place of macro structure inspection.

Table 13 Macro structure qualification level

Group Common porosity Center porosity Ingot type segregation
Group 1 Level 2 Level 2 Level 2
Group 2 Level 3 Level 3 Level 3

7.7 Hot forging

7.7.1 Steel for hot heading upsetting (to be indicated in contract) shall be subject to hot forging
test to forge test piece to one third of the original height without crack or breach on the
surface.

7.7.2 This test can be omitted for steel bar with dimension to be more than 80mm if the
Supplier can guarantee the qualification of forging test.

7.8 Surface quality

7.8.1 The surface of steel bars for pressing processing shall have no crack, scab, fold or
inclusion on surface, otherwise, the defects mentioned above must be eliminated. The
depth for such elimination shall conform to the stipulation in Table 14 and the width shall
be no less than 5 times of depth, while the maximum elimination depth on the same cross
section shall be no more than one and it is permissible for individual scratches,
impressions or pockmarks whose size is no more than half of nominal dimension
counting from actual dimension, or the minor cracks with depth to be no more than
0.20mm to exist on surface. Based on the agreement of the Supplier and Buyer, the
surface of steel bars for cutting processing can be turned or peeled.

Table 14 Permissible depth for defect elimination on the surface of steel bars for pressing
processing purpose
Nominal dimension of steel bars/mm Permissible depth of elimination
80 Half of nominal dimension tolerance of steel bars

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 GB/T 1220-2007

3 Impact 2 2975 GB/T 229

4 Hardness 2 GB/T 230.1, GB/T 231.1, GB/T 4340.1
intercrystalline GB/T 4334.1, GB/T 4334.2, GB/T 4334.3,
5 2 On different steel bars
corrosion GB/T 4334.5
different steel bars or blank
equivalent to ingot head;
6 Macro structure 2
on any of different steel bars for GB/T 226, GB/T 1979
continuous cast steel
Ultrasonic
7 2 On full piece of steel bar GB/T 7736
inspection
8 Hot forging 2 YB/T 5293
Nonmetallic
9 2 On different steel bars GB/T 10561
inclusion
10 Grain size 1 GB/T 6394
Any steel bar
11 Alpha phase 1 GB/T 6401 1986, GB/T 13305991
different steel bars or blank
equivalent to ingot head;
12 Tower shape 2
on any of different steel bars for GB/T 15711, GB/T 10121
continuous cast steel
Piece by
13 Dimension piece Calipers, micrometer caliper
Piece by On full piece of steel bar
14 Surface piece Visual inspection
In addition to surface and dimension inspections piece by piece, the sampling quantity for all the other inspection
items of electroslag re-melted steel shall be 1. When lot is organized by the consumable electrode melting mother
furnace number, in addition to 1 sample taken from each electroslag furnace number for chemical compositions,
the sampling quantity for other inspection items shall be the same as stipulations in this table.

9. Inspection rules

9.1 Inspection and acceptance

The inspection and acceptance of steel bars shall be conducted by the technical and quality
control departments of the Supplier.

9.2 Lot organization rules

The inspection and acceptance of steel bars shall be carried out lot by lot. Each lot shall be
composed of steel bars of the same grade, same furnace number, same processing method,
same dimension and same delivery state (same furnace number of heat treatment). For the
electroslag re-melted steel, it is permissible to make delivery by the lot organized by the
consumable electrode melting mother furnace number under the conditions that the process is
stable and all technical requirements in this Standard can be guaranteed, which shall be noted
in certificate of quality.

9.3 Sampling position and sampling quantity

The sampling position and sampling quantity for each lot of steel bars shall conform to the
stipulations set forth in Table 16.

9.4 Rules for re-inspection and determination

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 GB/T 1220-2007

9.4.1 Rules for re-inspection and determination shall execute the stipulations of GB/T 17505.

9.4.2 If the Supplier can guarantee the qualification of steel bars, it is permissible to use blank
in place of product or use the large one in place of small one in the inspection results in
connection with the mechanical property, macro structure and nonmetallic inclusion of
steel bars or steel blanks from the same furnace number.

10. Packing, marking and quality certificate

The packing, marking and quality certificate shall conform to the stipulations of GB/T 2101.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

AnnexA
(Informative)
Typical heat treatment regulations for stainless steel bars or test pieces

Table A.1 Typical heat treatment regulations for austenite type stainless steel bars or test
pieces
Code in GB/T Unified numerical
20878 code New grade Previous grade Solution treatment/C
1 S35350 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N 1 010 ~ 1 120, fast-cooling

3 S35450 12Cr18Mn9Ni5N 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N 1 010 ~ 1 120, fast-cooling

9 S30110 12Cr17Ni7 1Cr17Ni7 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

13 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

15 S30317 Y12Cr18Ni9 Y1Cr18Ni9 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

16 30327 Y12Cr18Ni9Se Y1Cr18Ni9Se 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

17 S30408 06Cr19Ni10 0Cr18Ni9 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

18 S30403 022Cr19Ni10 00Cr19Ni10 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

22 S30488 06Cr18Ni9Cu3 0Cr18Ni9Cu3 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

23 S30458 06Cr19Ni10N 0Cr19Ni9N 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

24 S30478 06Cr19Ni9NbN 0Cr19Ni10NbN 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

25 S30453 022Cr19Ni10N 00Cr18Ni10N 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

26 S30510 10Cr18Ni12 1Cr18Ni12 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

32 S30908 06Cr23Ni13 0Cr23Ni13 1 030 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

35 S31008 06Cr25Ni20 0Cr25Ni20 1 030 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

38 S31608 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

39 S31603 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

41 S31668 06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti* 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti* 1 000 ~ 1 100, fast-cooling

43 S31658 06Cr17Ni12Mo2N 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

44 S31653 022Cr17Ni12Mo2N 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

45 S31688 06Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

46 S31683 022Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

49 S31708 06Cr19Ni13Mo3 0Cr19Ni13Mo3 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

50 S31703 022Cr19Ni13Mo3 00Cr19Ni13Mo3 1 010 ~ 1 180, fast-cooling

52 S31794 03Cr18Ni16Mo5 0Cr18Ni16Mo5 1 030 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

55 S32168 06Cr18Ni11Ti* 0Cr18Ni10Ti* 920 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

62 S34778 06Cr18Ni11Nb* 0Cr18Ni11Nb* 980 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

64 S38148 06Cr18Ni13Si4 0Cr18Ni13Si4 1 010 ~ 1 150, fast-cooling

a
When it is indicated in contract by the Buyer, it may conduct heat treatment, in this case, the heat treatment temperature shall be 850C
~ 930C.

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 GB/T 1220-2007

AnnexB
(Informative)
Stainless steel properties and applications

Table B.1 Stainless steel properties and applications

Code in Unified Previous
GB/T numerical New grade grade Properties and applications
20878 code
Austenite type
Ni-free type steel, its property is similar to 12Cr17Ni7 (1Cr17 Ni7), which can be used in place of
1 S35350 12Cr17Mn6Ni5N 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N 12Cr17Ni7 (1Cr17Ni7). It is nonmagnetic in solution state and slightly magnetic after cold processing.
It is mainly used for manufacturing hotel facilities, kitchenware, water pool and traffic means, etc.
Ni-free type steel is the most typical and better developed Cr-Mn-Ni-N type steel. It possesses very
good anti-oxidation property below 800C while keeping higher strength, which can be used in place of
3 S35450 12Cr18Mn9Ni5N 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N
12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9). It is mainly used for manufacturing the parts subject to weak media corrosion
and load below 800C, such as cooking utensils and tableware, etc.
Metastable austenite steel is the steel subject to easiest cold deformation strengthening. It can obtain
high strength and hardness through cold processing while keeping sufficient plastic strength, it
9 S30110 12Cr17Ni7 1Cr17Ni7 possesses better corrosion resistance under atmospheric conditions. It is mainly used to manufacture the
equipment and units that are to withstand higher load under cold processing state while expecting lighter
weight and corrosion resistance, such as railway cars, decoration plates, conveyer belt and fasteners, etc.
The austenite stainless steel with the longest history possesses excellent plasticity, toughness and cold
processing property in solid solution state and better corrosion resistance in oxidable acid, atmosphere,
water, steam or other media. Cold processing shall offer high strength, but its elongation is a slightly
poorer than 12Cr17Ni7(1Cr17Ni7). It is mainly used to manufacture the structural parts and welded
13 S30210 12Cr18Ni9 1Cr18Ni9
parts with lower requirements on corrosion resistance and strength, such as external decoration materials
of buildings; it can be used for nonmagnetic parts and parts for low temperature device. But it intends to
have intergranular corrosion in sensitizing state or after welding, so, it is not proper to be used as welded
structural material.
12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) improved cutting property steel. It is the best material to make roller, shaft, bolt
15 S30317 Y12Cr18Ni9 Y1Cr18Ni9
and nut, etc., by fast cutting (by automatic lathe, etc.)
In addition to adjustment made to phosphonium and sulphur contents in 12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) steel,
selenium has also been added to improve the cutting property of 12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) steel. It is
16 S30327 Y12Cr18Ni9Se Y1Cr18Ni9Se
applicable to less cutting volume, and also suitable for hot processing or cold processing, such as screw
and rivet, etc.
A steel developed on the basis of 12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) steel, its property is similar to
12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) steel, but its corrosion resistance is better than 12Cr18Ni9(1Cr18Ni9) steel, it
can be used to make welded part of small section dimension, so it is a kind of stainless steel of largest
17 S30408 06Cr19Ni10 0Cr18Ni9
quantity and most extensive range in application. It is suitable for manufacturing deep-punching formed
parts, as well as acid delivery pipe, vessel and structural parts, etc., it can also be used to make
nonmagnetic/low-temperature equipment and parts

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Table B.1 (continued)

Code in Unified New grade Previous Properties and applications

GB/T numerical grade
20878 code
It contains less carbon than 022Cr13 (0Cr13), with better bending property at welded
83 S11203 022Cr12 00Cr12 position, processing property and high temperature oxidation resistance. It can
applied in vehicle exhaust treatment device, boiler combustion chamber, nozzle, etc.
It features high corrosion resistance, mechanical property and thermal conductivity
with stainlessness in atmosphere, water vapor or other media, but its stainlessness is
not sufficient in the media containing higher chloride ion. It is mainly used in the
chemical facilities producing nitric acid and grisoutite, such as absorption tower, heat
exchanger, storage tank, etc.; sheet plate is mainly applied in internal decorations of
85 S11710 10Cr17 1Cr17
building, office equipment, kitchen utensil, car decoration and gas burner, etc. As its
brittleness changing temperature is higher than room temperature and it is sensitive to
notching, it is not suitable to be used to make the equipment and parts to withstand
load below room temperature, and the section dimension for the steel material
commonly used shall not exceed 4mm
It is a steel for cutting purpose improved from 10Cr17(1Cr17) mainly used to make
86 S11717 Y10Cr17 Y1Cr17 the parts to be processed with large cutting volume by automatic lathe, such as bolt
and nut, etc.
Molybdenum is added to 10Cr17(1Cr17) steel to improve the pitting corrosion
resistance, crevice corrosion resistance and strength of the steel, its salt solution
88 S11790 10Cr17Mo 1Cr17Mo
resistance is better than 10Cr17(1Cr17) steel. It is mainly used as material for vehicle
hub, fastener and external decoration of vehicle
It is the earliest steel among high pure ferrite stainless steel, its properties are similar
94 S12791 008Cr27Mo 00Cr27Mo to 008Cr30Mo2(00Cr30Mo2) steel. It is suitable for the applications requiring both
corrosion resistance and soft-magnetic
It is a high pure ferrite stainless steel with low brittleness changing temperature and
good property of halogen ion stress corrosion damage resistance, its corrosion
resistance is equivalent to pure nickel, possessing excellent toughness,
processing/forming properties and welding performance. It is mainly applied in
95 S13091 008Cr30Mo2 00Cr30Mo2
complete set of equipment for chemical industry (acetic acid, lactic acid or other
organic acids and super alkali concentration engineering), food industry, oil refining
industry, electric power industry, water treatment industry and pollution control, etc.,
to make heat exchanger, pressure vessel, tank and other equipment
Martensite type
It is an excellent heat-resisting stainless steel for steam turbine blades and high-stress
96 S40310 12Cr12 1Cr12
parts
Applicable to parts requiring higher toughness and subject to impact load, such as
97 S41008 06Cr13 0Cr13
steam turbine blades, structural frame, lining, bolt and screw cap, etc.
It is a semi-martensite type stainless steel with higher strength and toughness through
quench tempering treatment, it possesses excellent corrosion resistance and
machining property. It is mainly applied to the parts requiring higher toughness,
98 S41010 12Cr13 1Cr13 stainlessness and subject to impact load, such as cutting tool, blade, fastener, valve
for water press and pyrolysis ant-sulphur corrosion equipment, etc.; it can also be
used to make the equipment and parts requiring weak corrosive media resistance
under normal temperature condition
100 S41617 Y12Cr13 Y1Cr13 It is a steel with best cutting property among stainless steel, used for automatic lathe

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 GB/T 1220-2007

Table B.1 (continued)

Code in Unified Previous
GB/T numerical code New grade grade Properties and applications
20878
High-carbon Martensite type stainless steel. Corrosion resistance is better than Cr17
type Martensite type stainless steel, while other properties are similar to Cr17 type
Martensite type stainless steel. It is mainly used to make corrosion resistant and
112 S44090 95Cr18 9Cr18
wearing resistant high-strength parts, such as shaft, pump, valve element, levers,
spring and fastener, etc. Uneven carbohydrate is easy to form in this steel to affect
steel quality and property, which shall be noted in production.
It is high strength steel with better corrosion resistance than 12Cr13(1Cr13) steel. It
115 S45710 13Cr13Mo 1Cr13Mo
is used to make steam turbine blades and high temperature parts, etc.
Molybdenum is added to 30Cr13(3Cr13) steel to improve steel strength and
hardness, which has also strengthened secondary hardening effect, and it corrosion
116 S45830 32Cr13Mo 3Cr13Mo
resistance is better than 30Cr13(3Cr13) steel. Its main applications are similar to
30Cr13(3Cr13) steel

117 S45990 102Cr17Mo 9Cr18Mo The property and applications are similar to 95Cr18(9Cr18) steel. Because
molybdenum and vanadium are added to this steel, its high temperature strength and
anti-tempering capacity are better than 95Cr18(9Cr18) steel. The main applications
are the same as 30Cr13(3Cr13) steel. It is mainly used to make the parts to withstand
118 S46990 90Cr18MoV 9Cr18MoV friction and work in corrosive media, such as measuring tool and cutting tool, etc.

Precipitation-hardening type
It is martensite precipitation-hardening type stainless steel developed from
05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb (1Cr17Ni2) steel, in addition to high strength, it possesses also
high transverse toughness and sound forgeability, its corrosion resistance is
136 S51550 05Cr15Ni5Cu4Nb equivalent to 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb (1Cr17Ni2) steel, it is mainly applied to the service
environment requiring not only high strength and good toughness, but also excellent
corrosion resistance, such as high strength forged parts, valve elements of high
pressure system and parts of air plane
It is martensite precipitation-hardening type stainless steel added with copper and
niobium, its strength can be adjusted through changing heat treatment technique, the
corrosion resistance is better than Cr13 type, 95Cr18(9Cr18) and 14Cr17Ni2
(1Cr17Ni2) steels, the resistance to corrosion, fatigue and water drop erosion is better
than 12% martensite type stainless steel, welding procedure is simple and easy to be
137 S51740 05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb
processed, but it is hard to conduct deep cold forming. It is mainly used to make high
strength parts requiring both of stainlessness and resistance to corrosion of weak
acid, alkalis and salt. Such as the final level moving blade of steam turbine and the
structural parts working in corrosive environment with operating temperature to be
less than 300C
It is semi-martensite precipitation-hardening type stainless steel added with
aluminium, the compositions is nearly the same as 18-8 type austenite stainless steel
with excellent melting and processing properties. It can be used to make the
138 S51770 07Cr17Ni7A1 0Cr17Ni7A1 structural parts, vessel, pipe, spring, washer and measuring device parts to work
below 350C for a prolonged period of time. The technique for heat treatment of this
steel is complicated, so there is tendency to be substituted by martensite ageing
worldwide, but there are still extensive application fields
It is a semi-martensite precipitation-hardening type stainless steel using 2% Mo to
substitute 2% Cr in 07Cr17NiAl (0Cr17NiAl) steel to improve its resistance to the
corrosion of reductive media and its comprehensive performance is better than
139 S51570 07Cr15Ni7Mo2A1 0Cr15Ni7Mo2A1
07Cr17NiAl (0Cr17NiAl) steel. It is used to make the high strength vessel, parts and
structural parts with certain corrosion resistant requirements in astronautical
navigation, petrochemical and energy fields, etc.

__________ END __________

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