Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BRITISH STANDARD |
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Specification for |
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Class II arc welding of carbon |
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steel pipework for carrying |
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fluids |
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ICS 25.160.10 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS 2971 : 1991 Issue 2, February 1998
BSI 1998
Amendments issued since publication
First published April 1961
Second edition October 1977 Amd. No. Date Text affected
Third edition June 1991
9773 February Indicated by a sideline in the margin
1998
The following BSI references
relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference WEE/21
Draft for comment 90/71692 DC
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Issue 1, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
Summary of pages
The following table identifies the current issue of each page. Issue 1 indicates that a page has been introduced
for the first time by amendment. Subsequent issue numbers indicate an updated page. Vertical sidelining on
replacement pages indicates the most recent changes (amendment, addition, deletion).
BSI 1998 a
b blank
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BS 2971 : 1991
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword 3
Section 1. General
1 Scope 4
2 Information and requirements to be agreed and to be documented 4
3 Parent metal 4
4 Weld metal 5
5 Gases for shielding and purging 5
6 Equipment 5
7 Welding processes 6
8 Backing rings 6
9 Joint preparations 6
10 Proximity of welds 6
11 Fusion faces 6
12 Assembly for welding 7
13 Purging 7
14 Damage to parent metal by arc strikes 7
15 Inter-run cleaning 7
16 Cold pull 7
17 Preheating for cutting and welding 7
18 Heat treatment after welding 8
Section 2. Butt joints
19 General 9
20 All types of butt joint 9
21 Gusseted bends 9
Section 3. Branches and small bore connections
22 General 12
23 Branches 12
Section 4. Sleeve joints and socket-welding fittings
24 General 13
25 Sleeve joint details 13
26 Socket joint details 13
Section 5. Structural attachments
27 General 14
28 Welding procedure 14
Section 6. Flanges
29 General 15
30 Welding neck flanges 15
31 Welded-on flanges 15
Section 7. Inspection
32 Requirements for visual examination of completed welds 16
33 Testing of completed welds 16
34 Non-destructive testing 16
35 Flaw limitations 17
1
BS 2971 : 1991 Issue 2, February 1998
Page
Section 8. Rectification of unacceptable welds
36 Removal of flaws 18
37 Preparation for rewelding 18
38 Rewelding 18
Section 9. Welding procedures
39 General 19
| 40 Attachments to thin pipes and branch welds 19
Section 10. Welder approval
41 General 20
42 Attachments to thin pipes 20
Appendices
A Classes of operating conditions 21
B Grades of steel in British Standards and similar grades for pipe in ASTM
and DIN standards 22
C Typical joint preparations 23
Tables
1 Methods of making initial root runs in butt joints 6
2 Typical limits for bore difference and alignment for manual welding 9
3 Classes of operating conditions 21
4 Grades of steel in British Standards 22
5 Grades in ASTM and DIN standards of similar weldability to British
Standard grades of pipe 22
Figures
1 Segmental bends 10
2 Cut-and-shut bend 11
3 Sleeve joints 13
4 Fillet welds for sleeve joints 13
5 Socket joint details 13
6 Welding neck flange 15
7 Typical butt joint preparations for use with backing rings 23
8 Typical butt joint preparations for use without backing rings 24
9 Typical set-on branch without weld preparation 25
10 Typical preparation and assembly of set-on branches without backing 26
11 Typical preparation and assembly of set-on right-angle branches with
temporary backing 27
12 Typical set-in branch without weld preparation 28
13 Typical curved or `easy sweep' branch joint 29
14 Typical set-on (shaped) small bore connections 30
15 Typical set-in small bore connection 30
16 Typical small bore connections for pressures over 10 bar or for
refrigerants or corrosive fluids 31
17 Typical `slip-on' welded-on flange 31
18 Typical `slip-on' hubbed welded-on flange 31
2 BSI 1998
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Issue 2, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
Foreword
This revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the
Welding Standards Policy Committee. It embodies the technical developments that
have taken place since the 1977 edition, which is superseded and withdrawn. On
common aspects the standard has generally been aligned with BS 2633.
The relevant application standard, where it exists, should specify whether class II
welding of pipework is required, but the factors to be taken into account in coming to
such a conclusion are the operating conditions of the pipework, the degree of
inspection and the acceptance requirements (see also appendix A).
It is recommended that carbon steels with a carbon content exceeding 0.25 % and all
ferritic alloy steels be welded in accordance with BS 2633 irrespective of the operating
conditions.
Purchasers ordering to this standard are advised to specify in their contracts that the
| manufacturer operates a quality system in compliance with the appropriate standard in
| the BS EN ISO 9000 series to assure themselves that pipework claimed to have been
| welded in accordance with BS 2971 consistently achieves the required level of quality.
The following are companion standards to this standard.
carrying fluids
BS 2640 Specification for class II oxy-acetylene welding of carbon steel
pipework for carrying fluids
BS 4204 Specification for flash welding of steel tubes for pressure applications
BS 4677 Specification for arc welding of austenitic stainless steel pipework for
carrying fluids
Inspecting authority. For the purposes of this British Standard the term `inspecting
authority' refers to that competent independent body or association which verifies
compliance with this standard.
Contracting parties. For the purposes of this British Standard, the term `contracting
parties' is intended to cover the purchaser, the manufacturer and the inspecting
authority in any relevant combination according to the particular circumstances.
Pipe and tube. For the purposes of this British Standard the word `pipe', alone or in
combination, is used to mean `pipe' or `tube' although these terms are often used for
different categories of product by different industries.
Pipework dimensions. Unless otherwise qualified, for the purposes of this British
Standard `pipe diameter' relates to the nominal value of the outside diameter and `pipe
thickness' relates to the nominal value of the wall thickness specified in the standard
to which the pipe is ordered.
It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of its
provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
BSI 1998 3
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 1
Section 1. General
(see 28.2).
agreed and to be documented
h) The use and extent of non-destructive testing
2.1 Information to be supplied by the (see clause 33).
purchaser i) The inspection and testing requirements for
The following information to be supplied by the other than butt joints (see 34.2).
purchaser at the contract stage shall be fully j) The use of a joint preparation incorporating a
documented. Both the definitive requirements wider root gap for making a repair weld
specified throughout the standard and the (see 37.3(c)).
documented items shall be satisfied before a claim of
compliance with the standard can be made and
verified. 3 Parent metal
a) The application standard to be used, if any. 3.1 The parent metal for pipes (including those with
b) Whether records of materials used during a longitudinal or helical welded seam) and
fabrication are required (see 3.2). attachments shall be carbon or carbon-manganese
c) Whether permanent backing rings are required steel containing not more than 0.25 % carbon. The
(see 8.1). materials selected shall be agreed between the
contracting parties, taking account of their suitability
d) Whether all welds are to be heat-treated after for the service conditions (see 2.2(a)).
welding (see 18.1).
NOTE. Appendix B gives details of grades in British Standards for
e) Whether completed welds are to be ground the type of steel given in 3.1 and nearest similar grades in ASTM
(see 32.1). and DIN standards for pipe.
f) The category required for non-destructive testing 3.2 When required by the purchaser, the
of butt joints (see 34.1). manufacturer shall maintain records of the
g) Whether a written welding procedure materials used during fabrication (see 2.1(b)).
specification is required (see 39.1).
h) Whether an approved welding procedure is
required to be used (see 39.2).
i) Whether welding procedure tests using pipe of
specified diameter and thickness are required
(see 39.3).
4
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Section 1 Issue 2, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
3.3 While the requirements of this standard apply c) Argon/carbon dioxide mixtures, consisting of |
also to the welding of cast parts, additional argon with up to 20 % added carbon dioxide with |
precautions in inspection and welding procedure that or without up to 5 % oxygen and complying with |
may be necessary to deal with the presence of BS EN 439. |
non-metallic inclusions or porosity shall be subject d) Argon/hydrogen mixtures, consisting of argon |
to agreement between the contracting parties with up to 5 % added hydrogen and complying |
(see 2.2(b)). with BS EN 439. |
e) Carbon dioxide, complying with BS EN 439. |
4 Weld metal f) Other gases or gas mixtures, that have been
4.1 Mechanical properties and chemical proved to be satisfactory as a result of procedure
composition approval tests.
The mechanical properties of the weld metal shall be NOTE. Certain gases are heavier than air and therefore
precautions should be taken to ensure adequate ventilation and
suitable for the design requirements of the pipework extraction for all welding processes.
system.
NOTE 1. In general, the requirements for yield strength should be 5.2 Gases for back purging
at least equal to the minimum in the specification for the parent For purging the back of a weld during welding, |
metal. argon, argon/hydrogen mixtures or helium as |
The chemical composition of the weld metal, specified in 6.1 one of the following gases shall be |
including that from fusible inserts, shall be used: |
compatible with that of the parent material. The use
of hydrogen-controlled weld metal shall be as given
a) Nitrogen, complying with BS EN 439. |
in 17.3. b) Nitrogen/hydrogen mixtures, consisting of |
nitrogen, with up to 5 % hydrogen and complying |
NOTE 2. The requirements of this clause are met by welding
consumables of the types stated that comply with the following with BS EN 439. |
British Standards:
| covered electrodes for manual metal-arc welding with
| BS EN 499; 6 Equipment
| filler materials for gas-shielded arc welding with BS EN 440; Welding plant, instruments, cables and accessories
| filler wire/flux combinations for submerged-arc welding with shall comply with the appropriate Parts of BS 638, |
| BS EN 756 and BS EN 760; BS EN 50078, BS EN 60974-11 and BS EN 60974-12. |
tubular cored electrodes for arc welding with BS 7084. Their capacity shall be adequate for the welding
As submerged-arc welding conditions can have a procedure proposed to be used.
significant effect on the chemical composition of the The installation, operation and maintenance shall be
weld metal, the welding conditions shall be effected by competent persons in accordance with
controlled to ensure that the correct weld metal the appropriate safety recommendations. All
composition is consistently achieved. electrical equipment used in connection with the
4.2 Storage and handling welding operation shall be adequately earthed.
NOTE. Attention is drawn to the advice on safety precautions
Electrodes, filler wires and rods, and fluxes shall be contained in Guidance Note PM 64 `Arc welding electrical safety'
stored and handled in accordance with the issued by the Health and Safety Executive and published by
manufacturer's recommendations so as to avoid HM Stationery Office.1)
damage or deterioration to them and to the Adequate means of measuring current shall be
containers in which they are transported. Electrodes, available either as part of the welding plant or by the
filler wires and rods, and fluxes that show signs of provision of a portable ammeter. In the case of
damage or deterioration shall not be used. semi-automatic, automatic and mechanized welding,
means shall be provided for measuring the arc
5 Gases for shielding and purging voltage since this may exert considerable influence
on the form, composition and soundness, e.g.
5.1 Shielding gases porosity, of the weld. When using a gas-shielded
| Where appropriate, gases or gas mixtures of the welding process, means of measuring the gas flow
| following quality shall be used. shall be provided.
| a) Argon, complying with BS EN 439. Where necessary, staging and protection from the
| b) Argon/oxygen mixtures, consisting of argon weather shall be provided to enable the welding
| with up to 5 % added oxygen and complying with operation to be performed properly.
| BS EN 439.
1) Available from The Stationery Office, 49 High Holborn, London WC1 for personal callers, or by post from The Stationery Office, |
PO Box 276, London SW8 5DT. |
BSI 1998 5
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 1
6
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Section 1 Issue 2, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
When used, clamps for aligning pipes shall not be No thermal cutting, welding or tack welding shall be
removed until at least half the root run has been carried out when the temperature of the parent
completed and is uniformly distributed round the material within 150 mm of the joint or cut is less
circumference of the joint. than 5 C.
Where welded-on bridge pieces are used, the pipe 17.2 Preheating for cutting
surfaces shall not be left in a damaged condition Preheating for thermal cutting shall be applied when
after the bridge pieces are removed. the temperature of the parent metal is less than 5 C.
1)
The greatest component thickness at the joint.
2)
Hydrogen controlled weld metal as defined in BS EN 499 contains not more than 15 ml of diffusible hydrogen per 100 g of deposited |
metal when determined by the method given in BS 6693 : Part 2.
BSI 1998 7
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 1
The procedure used shall ensure a satisfactory 18 Heat treatment after welding
temperature distribution around and through the
joint to be welded and shall not interfere with access 18.1 General
for welding. Post-weld heat treatment shall not be required for
NOTE. To check that the preheating temperature distribution pipe or weld-throat thicknesses up to and including
through the pipe is satisfactory, particularly when thick material is 35 mm, unless the purchaser states in the enquiry
involved and/or heating is from the outside only, it is and order that all welds are to be heat treated
recommended that temperature measurements be made at the
root of the joint. For details of temperature measurement, (see 2.1(d)).
see BS 2633. NOTE. It is advisable for the purchaser in all cases to inform the
manufacturer of the use to which the pipework will be put.
Where preheating is applied manually by gas torches,
care shall be taken to ensure an even distribution of 18.2 Heat treatment conditions
heat. Excessive local heating of the pipe surface When post-weld heat treatment is required, the
shall be avoided. soaking temperature shall be within the range 580 C
to 620 C and the time at this temperature shall be
2.5 min per millimetre of thickness with a minimum
of 30 min, for both furnace and local heat treatment.
Other relevant details of heat treatment conditions
and temperature measurement shall be in
accordance with BS 2633.
8
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Section 2 BS 2971 : 1991
temperature within the range 450 C to 650 C.
a) Segmental: separate pieces of pipe cut at an angle and
Wherever the thickness is reduced by drifting, welded together.
machining, swaging or expanding, the thickness at b) Cut-and-shut: wedge-shaped pieces cut from one side of a
every point in the circumference clear of the weld pipe, the pipe pulled round until the cut edges come to the
preparation shall be not less than the design correct welding position and then welded.
thickness for the particular pipe. Any machining on 21.2 Preparation
the inside of the pipe shall run out smoothly into the
bore at a taper not steeper than 1 in 4. 21.2.1 General
NOTE 2. If the maximum permissible amount of machining is The preparation of any gusset for any gusseted bend
insufficient to match the ends, drifting should be employed, but a shall be done by cutting the pipe end to the correct
combination of drifting or expanding with machining within the
permitted limits may also be used.
angle followed by the weld preparation as specified
in 20.2.
To prepare the gussets for welding, all spatter, oxide
and ragged edges shall be removed from the
prepared edge and the bore of the pipes, the correct
gap shall be set and the gussets tacked in position.
Table 2. Typical limits for bore difference and alignment for manual welding
Bore Maximum difference in bore (rounded to Maximum out of alignment at the bore
the nearest 0.5 mm) (rounded to the nearest 0.5 mm)
with backing ring without backing ring with backing ring without backing ring
mm mm mm mm mm
Up to and including 150 1.5 3.0 1.5 2.5
Over 150 2.5 5.0 2.5 3.0
1) In this section the term `pipe' is intended to cover pipes and fittings, e.g. welding neck flanges, forged tees, welding elbows.
9
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 2
200 219.1 48.5
230 244.5 57.5
250 273.0 61.0
10
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Section 2 BS 2971 : 1991
Figure 2. Cut-and-shut bend
11
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 3
possible. of branch length; or
Where a sloping branch has to be connected directly b) the main is less than 450 mm bore, and the
to the main, the angle between the centre line of the branch length (face of branch to flank of joint)
main and that of the branch shall whenever possible does not exceed the bore of the branch.
be not less than 60. Where the angle is unavoidably NOTE. Using other welding processes it may be possible to
less than 60, details of joint design and fabrication weld in the bore of branches that have a length greater than
shall be agreed between the contracting parties that given in (b).
(see 2.2(f)).
NOTE. The difficulty of making a weld at the acute crotch
position might make special precautions necessary to ensure a
sound weld at that position.
12
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Section 4 BS 2971 : 1991
NOTE 1. A socket joint is formed when the end of a pipe enters
the socket end of a socket-welding fitting and the pipe and socket
are joined by means of a fillet weld. Socket joints should not be NOTE 2. It is to be expected that the gap will have reduced after
used where corrosion resistance is important. Socket-welding welding.
fittings may be machined from bar of suitable composition and The diametral clearance between the outside
quality. diameter of the pipe and the bore of the fitting shall
not exceed 1.5 mm. The fillet weld leg lengths for
socket joints shall be at least t by 1.25t where t is
the nominal pipe thickness (see figure 5). For pipe of
nominal thickness 5 mm or less, care shall be taken
to avoid over-heating or burn-through of the pipe
(see clauses 40 and 42).
13
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 5
14
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Section 6 BS 2971 : 1991
Section 6. Flanges
Figure 6. Welding neck flange
15
BS 2971 : 1991 Section 7
Section 7. Inspection
thickness or 2 mm, whichever is the smaller.
category C - only visual examination of all butt
There shall be external weld reinforcement, between joints.
1.5 mm and 5 mm high measured from the outer
surface of the parent metal. This reinforcement shall The method of non-destructive testing used in
be substantially symmetrical about the centre line of category A or B shall be radiographic examination
the joint and shall be of smooth contour. (see BS 2910) or ultrasonic examination (see
NOTE. The shape of the reinforcement may vary according to the BS 3923 : Part 1).
type of filler metal used, the welding technique and the welding
position. NOTE. In using radiographic or ultrasonic examination for the
assessment of class II welds, attention is drawn to the fact that
The surface of the weld shall be free from porosity, apart from weld metal quality, the revelation of improper joint
cavities and loose or excessive scale. set-up could of itself be cause for rejection since such a condition
may not meet the requirements of this standard.
32.3 Smoothness of the weld
34.2 Other than butt joints
The stop and start of each run of weld shall merge
smoothly and shall show no pronounced hump or The inspection, testing and acceptance requirements
crater in the weld surface. for joints other than butt joints shall be agreed
between the contracting parties (see 2.2(i)).
32.4 Profile of internal surfaces
34.3 Re-examination
The weld shall fuse the pipe at the root without
protruding excessively into the bore. The penetration When random radiographic or ultrasonic
bead shall not exceed 3.0 mm for pipes up to and examination of a weld reveals unacceptable flaws
including 150 mm bore or 6.0 mm for pipes over (see clause 35), one further weld in the group
150 mm bore. represented by this weld shall be so tested to the
same extent. If this further weld shows no
Root concavity (or sinkage) at the bore shall be
unacceptable flaws, the flaws in the first weld shall
acceptable provided that:
be repaired and then re-examined by the original
a) there is complete root fusion; method. If the repair is satisfactory, the group of
b) the thickness of the weld is not less than the welds shall be accepted.
pipe thickness. If the further weld shows unacceptable flaws, each
weld in the group shall be tested by the same
method and to the same extent. Unacceptable flaws
shall be repaired and then re-examined by the
original method.
16
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Section 7 BS 2971 : 1991
35 Flaw limitations
Taking account of the non-destructive testing method
used, any ONE of the following flaws shall be
sufficient cause for rejection.
NOTE 1. The effects of weld flaws on the service performance of
a joint are influenced by the location and disposition of the flaws;
in general, those located in the body of the weld are less serious
than those in the root, a factor that should be borne in mind by
the inspector when considering the rejection of joints that appear
to be borderline in quality as assessed by the flaw limitations
specified.
NOTE 2. Multiple-type flaws contained within the same weld,
either superimposed or interposed, which are individually
acceptable as isolated flaws should be considered collectively by
the inspector when assessing the weld quality.
d) Lack of penetration Total length
Lack of root fusion exceeding 25 mm in
any 100 mm length
Lack of side wall of weld, or height
fusion
greater than 20 % of
nominal pipe
Lack of inter-run
fusion thickness.
Slag inclusions
Circumferential
wormholes
e) Porosity.
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BS 2971 : 1991 Section 8
37.1 General same testing and inspection requirements as the
Any repair to a weld shall be reported to the original weld.
inspecting authority or purchaser. If the repair is
made as a consequence of non-destructive testing,
the records relating to the original flaws shall be
made available.
37.2 Partial removal of weld
The cut-out portion shall be sufficiently deep and
long to remove the flaw. At the ends and sides of the
cut there shall be a gradual taper from the base of
the cut to the surface of the weld metal. The width
and profile of cut shall be such as will give adequate
access for rewelding.
NOTE. When the root of the weld is accessible from the bore of
the pipe, a repair may be made from that position (see 23.4.2).
18
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Section 9 Issue 2, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
BS 3602 : Part 1 360
been fulfilled.
BS 3606 320
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BSI 1998 19
BS 2971 : 1991 Issue 2, February 1998 Section 10
20 BSI 1998
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Appendix A BS 2971 : 1991
Appendices
1)
1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.
Over 95 up to and including 200
Over 200
Class II
Class I
Class I
Class I
Class
Class
I
I
21
BS 2971 : 1991 Issue 2, February 1998 Appendix B
Table 5. Grades in ASTM and DIN standards of similar weldability to British Standard grades of
pipe
British Standard Grades and types of steel ASTM standard DIN standard
BS 1387 A106 Gr A
BS 3059 : Part 1 320 A106 Gr B (if carbon is
restricted to 0.25 % max.)
BS 3059 : Part 2 360 and 440 DIN 17175 St 35.8
BS 3601 320, 360 and 430 DIN 17177 St 37.8
| BS 3602 : Part 1 360, 430 and 500 Nb DIN 17175 St 45.8
| BS 3602 : Part 2 430 DIN 17177 St 42.8
BS 3606 320 and 440 DIN 17175 17 Mn 4
DIN 17175 19 Mn 5
| BS 3603 430 LT A333 Gr 1 and Gr 6 (if carbon DIN 17173
is restricted to 0.20 % max.) DIN 17174 TT St 35N
22 BSI 1998
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Appendix C BS 2971 : 1991
(a) Single-V for use with backing ring (b) Double angle-V for use with backing ring
(pipes up to and including 12.5 thick) (pipes over 12.5 thick)
(c) Normal single-V preparation for use with (d) Permissible alternative preparation to (c)
backing ring (pipes over 12.5 thick) for vertical or nearly vertical pipe
All dimensions are in millimetres.
Figure 7. Typical butt joint preparations for use with backing rings
23
BS 2971 : 1991 Appendix C
(c) Single-V without root face for use with special (d) Double angle-V for pipes over 12.5 thick
welding technique
All dimensions are in millimetres.
Figure 8. Typical butt joint preparations for use without backing rings
24
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Appendix C BS 2971 : 1991
NOTE. For design pressures over 10 bar1) an internal seal weld is necessary (see 23.4.2).
1) 1 bar = 105 N/m2 = 100 kPa.
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BS 2971 : 1991
Appendix C
All dimensions are in millimetres
Figure 10. Typical preparation and assembly of set-on branches without backing
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Appendix C BS 2971 : 1991
27
BS 2971 : 1991 Appendix C
NOTE. For pressures over 10 bar an internal seal weld is necessary (see 23.4.2).
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Appendix C BS 2971 : 1991
29
BS 2971 : 1991 Appendix C
A dia. C
50 10
75 12
30
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Appendix C BS 2971 : 1991
Figure 16. Where the pressure is more than 10 bar or C.4 Typical forms of welded-on flanges are shown in
where the fluid is either a refrigerant or a corrosive figures 17 and 18.
substance, the small bore connections should be of the
type shown in figure 16(a), or (b).
The type of connection shown in figure 16(a) is made
from forged or rolled bar welded on with a pilot hole
in the bore. It is then bored to finished or tapping size
after welding.
The type of connection shown in figure 16(b) is made
from screwed sockets, couplings or tube shaped to suit
the bore of the main pipe.
31
BS 2971 : 1991 Issue 2, February 1998
Publications referred to
32 BSI 1998
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Issue 2, February 1998 BS 2971 : 1991
BS 4872 Specification for approval testing of welders when welding procedure approval is not required
Part 1 Fusion welding of steel
BS 5289 Code of practice. Visual inspection of fusion welded joints
|
BS 6084 Method of test for comparison of prefabrication primers by porosity rating in arc welding
BS 6693 Diffusible hydrogen
Part 2 Method for determination of hydrogen in manual metal-arc weld metal
BS 7084 Specification for carbon and carbon-manganese steel tubular cored welding electrodes
| BS EN 287-1 Approval testing of welders for fusion welding Steels
| BS EN 288-1 Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials
| Part 1 General rules for fusion welding
| BS EN 288-2 Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials
| Part 2 Welding procedures specification for arc welding
| BS EN 288-3 Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic meterials
| Part 3 Welding procedure tests for the arc welding of steels
| BS EN 439 Welding consumables Shielding gases for arc welding and cutting
| BS EN 499 Welding consumables Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine
| grain steels Classification
| BS EN 756 Welding consumables Wire electrodes and wire-flux combinations for submerged arc welding of
| non alloy and fine grain steels Classification
| BS EN 760 Welding consumables Fluxes for submerged arc welding Classification
| BS EN 50078 Torches and guns for arc welding
| BS EN Arc welding equipment Part 11 Electrode holders
| 60974-11
| BS EN Arc welding equipment Part 12 Coupling devices for welding cables
60974-12
| BS EN ISO Quality management and quality assurance standards
| 9000
ASTM A106 Standard specification for seamless carbon steel pipe for high temperature service
ASTM A333 Standard specification for seamless and welded steel pipe for low temperature service
DIN 17173 Seamless tubes made from steels with low temperature toughness. Technical conditions of delivery
DIN 17174 Welded tubes made from steels with low temperature toughness. Technical conditions of delivery
DIN 17175 Seamless tubes of heat resistant steels. Technical conditions of delivery
DIN 17177 Electric pressure welded steel tubes for elevated temperatures. Technical conditions of delivery
BSI 1998
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BSI British Standards Institution
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