Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Management
System
Introduction
Dr. Syed Khaldoon Khurshid
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore
Teaching Experience
More than thirteen years
Areas of Interest
Mobile: 03214306652
Marks Allocation:
Quizzes 30 + Mid-term 30 + Final 40
Total = 100 Marks
Your Status: Class project, Quizzes and Final Paper
OBJECTIVES:
Understanding of advance design topics of Database
Management System
Applying concepts for Project to complement the Database
System Design
Grading Criteria: ABSOLUTE Grading
A+ 96-100
A 95-80
A- 79-75
B+ 74-70
B 69-65
B- 64-60
C+ 59-55
C 54-50
C- 49-45
D 44-40
F 39-0
Recommended Book & other materials
Chapter 10
Database
Management
Chapter 10 Objectives
Describe characteristics of
Explain why data is important
relational, object-oriented, and
to an organization
multidimensional databases
Next
Data and Information
What is a database?
Collection of data
Database software
organized so
Database software also called database
you can access,
allows you to management system
retrieve, and
(DBMS)
use it
Create
Create forms
database and
Add, Sort reports
change, and
and delete retrieve
data data
Next
p. 514 - 515
Data and Information
How are data and information related?
Data is a collection of unprocessed items
Information is data that is organized and meaningful
Computers process data into information
Next
p. 514 - 515 Fig. 10-1
Data and Information
What is data integrity?
Degree to which data is Garbage in
correct
Garbage in, garbage
out (GIGO)computer
phrase that means you
cannot create correct Garbage out
information from
incorrect data
Data integrity
Answer of the Group is lost
Joining Question
Next
p. 516
Data and Information
What are the qualities of valuable information?
Accurate
Verifiable
Timely
Organized
Accessible
Useful
Cost-effective
Next
p. 516 - 517
The Hierarchy of Data
What is a hierarchy?
Database contains files, file contains records, record
contains fields, field contains characters
Next
p. 517 Fig. 10-2
The Hierarchy of Data
What is a field?
Combination of one or more
characters
Smallest unit of data user accesses
Field name uniquely identifies each
field
Field size defines the maximum
number of characters a field can
contain
Data type specifies kind of data field
contains
Next
p. 518 Fig. 10-3
The Hierarchy of Data
What are common data types?
Object
Yes/No Hyperlink (also called BLOB for binary large
(also called Web address that links to object)photograph, audio, video,
Boolean)only the document or Web page or document created in other
values Yes or No (or application such as word
True or False) processing or spreadsheet
Next
p. 518
The Hierarchy of Data
What is a record?
Group of
related fields
Next
p. 519
The Hierarchy of Data
What is a data file?
Collection of related records stored on disk
Next
p. 518
Maintaining Data
What is file maintenance?
Procedures that keep data current
Deleting records
Next
p. 520
Maintaining Data
Why do you add records?
Add new record when you obtain new data
Next
p. 520 Fig. 10-5
Maintaining Data
Why do you change records?
Correct inaccurate data
Update old data
Next
p. 521 Fig. 10-6
Maintaining Data
Why do you delete records?
When record no longer is needed
Some programs remove record immediately,
others flag record
Next
p. 522 Fig. 10-7
Maintaining Data
What is validation?
Process of comparing data with a set of rules
to find out if data is correct
Reduce data entry errors and enhance data
integrity before program writes data on disk
Next
p. 522 - 523 Fig. 10-8
Maintaining Data
What are the types of validity checks?
Check Digit Alphabetic/ Completeness
number(s) or Numeric Check Check
character(s) ensures correct verifies that a
appended to or type of data required field
inserted into a entered contains data
primary key value
to confirm Consistency
Range Check
accuracy of Check
determines
primary key value tests for logical
whether number is
within specified relationship
range between two or
more fields
Next
p. 523
File Processing Versus Databases
What is a file processing system?
Each
Records in one
department or
file may not
area within May have
relate to
organization weaknesses
records in any
has own set of
other file
files
Data Isolated
redundancy datadata
same fields stored in
stored in separate files
multiple files so it is
difficult to
access
Next
p. 524
File Processing Versus Databases
What is the database approach?
Many programs and users can share data in database
Secures data so only authorized users can access
certain data
Next
p. 524 - 525 Fig. 10-9
File Processing Versus Databases
What are the strengths of the database approach?
Reduced
data
redundancy Improved
data
integrity
Shared
data
Easier
access
Reduced
development
time
Next
p. 525
File Processing Versus Databases
How do a database
application and a
file processing
application differ
in the way they
store data?
Next
p. 525 Fig. 10-10
Database Management Systems
What are popular database management systems (DBMSs)?
Next
p. 526 Fig. 10-11
Database Management Systems
What is a data dictionary?
Contains data about each file in database and each
field within those files
Next
p. 527 Fig. 10-12
Database Management Systems
What is a query?
Request for specific
data from a
database
Query language
consists of simple,
English-like
statements that
allow users to
specify data to
display, print, or
store
Next
p. 528 - 529 Fig. 10-13
Database Management Systems
What is a query by example (QBE)?
Program retrieves records that match criteria
entered in form fields
Has a graphical user interface that assists users
with retrieving data
Next
p. 528 - 529 Fig. 10-14
Database Management Systems
What is a form?
Window on screen that provides areas for entering or
changing data in database
Used to retrieve and
maintain data in a
database
Form that sends
data across network
or Internet is called
e-form, short for
electronic form
Next
p. 530 Fig. 10-15
Database Management Systems
What is a report generator?
Allows user to design a report on screen, retrieve
data into report design, then display or print
reports
Also called
report writer
Next
p. 530 Fig. 10-16
Database Management Systems
What is data security?
Access privileges
DBMS provides define activities
means to ensure that specific user
only authorized or group of users
users can access can perform
data
Read-only
Full-update
privileges -
privileges -
user can
user can
view data,
view and
but cannot
change data
change it
Next
p. 530 - 531
Database Management Systems
What are backup and log?
Backup is a copy of the
entire database
Log is a listing of activities
that change database
contents
DBMS places three items
in log: before image,
actual change, and after
image
Next
p. 531 Fig. 10-17
Database Management Systems
What is a recovery utility?
Uses logs and/or
backups to restore
RollforwardDBMS
database when it is
uses log to re-enter
damaged or destroyed
changes made to data-
base since last save or
backup RollbackDBMS uses
Also called forward log to undo any changes
recovery
made to database during a
certain period of time
Also called backward
recovery
Next
p. 531 - 532
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 532 Fig. 10-18
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 533 Fig. 10-19
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
What is a relationship?
Connection within
data
Next
p. 533 Fig. 10-20
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 534 Fig. 10-21
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 534 - 535
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 534
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Stores data in
dimensions
Next
p. 535
Hypercube Example 1:
Hypercube Example 2:
Relational, Object-Oriented, and Multidimensional Databases
Next
p. 536
Web Databases
What is a Web database?
Database you access through the Web by filling in a form
on a Web page
Usually resides on
a database server, a
computer that
stores and provides
access to a
database
Next
p. 536 - 537 Fig. 10-23
Database Administration
What are guidelines for developing a database?
1. Determine the purpose of the database
Next
p. 537 Fig. 10-24
Database Administration
What is the role of the database analyst and
administrator?
Database analyst (DA) Database administrator
Focuses on meaning and (DBA)
usage of data Creates and maintains data
Decides proper placement dictionary, manages
of fields, defines database security,
relationships, and monitors database
identifies users access performance, and checks
privileges backup and recovery
procedures
Next
p. 538
Summary of Database Management
Chapter 10 Complete
Reference:
Chapter 10: Database Management, Discovering
Computers 2009
Home Assignment
before 24/4/2017.
https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/advanced-database-management-systems