ZTE PON Solution PDF

ZTE PON Solution
Fiber to the world

ZTE PON Solution for VNPT
Version Date Author Approved By Remarks
V1.00 2008-03-18 Not open to the Third Party
2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be
disclosed or used without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information of the document is
subjected to change without notice.
ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. I

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Why PON ..................................................................................................................... 1
2 Comparison EPON and GPON .................................................................................. 3

2.1 Technology Comparison.............................................................................................. 3
2.1.1 Common Technology Features ................................................................................... 3
2.1.2 Different Technology Features .................................................................................... 3
2.2 Commercial Application comparison ........................................................................... 4
2.3 Cost comparison.......................................................................................................... 5
3 FTTx Solution ............................................................................................................. 6

3.1 FTTH............................................................................................................................ 6
3.2 FTTB ............................................................................................................................ 7
3.3 FTTO............................................................................................................................ 9
4 FTTx Service provision............................................................................................ 10

4.1 VoIP Service .............................................................................................................. 10
4.2 IPTV Service .............................................................................................................. 11
4.3 CATV Service ............................................................................................................ 13
4.4 Broadband Services .................................................................................................. 13
4.5 Broadband VPN Service............................................................................................ 14
4.6 TDM Service .............................................................................................................. 14
5 QoS ............................................................................................................................ 16
5.1 General description.................................................................................................... 16
5.2 GPON QoS ................................................................................................................ 18
5.3 EPON QoS................................................................................................................. 19
6 Optical Distribution Network ODN.......................................................................... 22

6.1 OLT, ONU and Splitter Deployment .......................................................................... 22
6.1.1 OLT Deployment........................................................................................................ 22
6.1.2 ONU Deployment....................................................................................................... 22
6.1.3 Optical Splitter Deployment ....................................................................................... 22
6.2 FTTH ODN Solution................................................................................................... 24
6.3 FTTB ODN Solution................................................................................................... 25
6.4 Typical application ..................................................................................................... 25
6.4.1 Commercial Zone ...................................................................................................... 25
6.4.2 Villa Area.................................................................................................................... 26
6.4.3 Multi-layer Building .................................................................................................... 27
6.4.4 High Building.............................................................................................................. 28
7 ZTE PON Market share ............................................................................................ 30
II 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

FIGURES
Figure 1 Data from DITTBERNER ............................................................................................... 4

Figure 2 Solution for FTTH........................................................................................................... 6
Figure 3 Solution for Villa ............................................................................................................. 7
Figure 4 FTTB with PON+LAN..................................................................................................... 8
Figure 5 FTTB with PON+DSL..................................................................................................... 8
Figure 6 Solution for FTTO .......................................................................................................... 9
Figure 7 VoIP Service ................................................................................................................ 10
Figure 8 Mode 1 IPTV Service Flow .......................................................................................... 12
Figure 9 Mode 2 Service Flow ................................................................................................... 12
Figure 10 CATV Service .............................................................................................................. 13
Figure 11 Broadband Service ...................................................................................................... 14
Figure 12 VPN services. .............................................................................................................. 14
Figure 13 PBX Access ................................................................................................................. 15
Figure 14 ONU and OLT QoS processing procedure.................................................................. 17
Figure 15 GPON Uplink Qos ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 16 GPON Downlink Qos ................................................................................................ 19
Figure 17 EPON uplink QoS ........................................................................................................ 20
Figure 18 EPON downlink QoS ................................................................................................... 21
Figure 19 Splitter deployment scenarios...................................................................................... 23
Figure 20 FTTH ODN solution ..................................................................................................... 24
Figure 21 FTTB ODN solution...................................................................................................... 25
Figure 22 Commercial Building ODN Plan................................................................................... 26
Figure 23 ODN Plan in a Villa ...................................................................................................... 27
Figure 24 Multi-layer ODN Plan ................................................................................................... 28
Figure 25 High Building ODN Plan .............................................................................................. 29
TABLES
Table 1 Service bandwidth demand ........................................................................................... 1

Table 2 Technology difference between EPON and GPON....................................................... 3
Table 3 Relationship between CoS and service....................................................................... 16
Table 4 Service and queue mapping relationship .................................................................... 17
ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. III
1 Why PON
The access-layer network is a fundamental platform for terminating and carrying out
various services. With the rapid development of the broadband access services in
the recent years, the demand for bandwidth of the access layer is on the on-going
rise. As an ideal transmission medium, fibre provides high-speed, high-bandwidth,
and multi-service transfer capabilities. Fibre access becomes one of the key
technologies of the Next-Generation Network (NGN).
Multimedia Service Driven FTTx
Customers expect high bandwidth, simple and rich content service such as VoIP,
VOD, HDTV, SDTV, online gaming, shopping online, etc, Service driven the
access technology.
Table 1 Service bandwidth demand
Item 2008~2010 Forecast 2010~2012 Forecast

HDTV48M HDTV10~20M
SDTV24M SDTV48M
Video Communication1~2M Video Communication2~4M
Bandwidth Requirement
(Downstream) WEB: 512K1M WEB12M
Online Gaming1M Online Gaming4M
Video Communication: 1~2M Video Communication: 2~4M

WEB512K WEB1M
Bandwidth Requirement Online Gaming300~800K Online Gaming1~2M

(Upstream) IPTV50K IPTV100K
Video Monitoring1M Video Monitoring2M
Total Downstream Bandwidth 10M~20M 2040M
Total Upstream Bandwidth 4M 10M
The existing ADSL2+ limited by distance, bandwidth that cannot meet the
customer further service expectations, so higher bandwidth, lower investment,
and easy maintenance technology PON (passive optical network) are the most
suitable for access.
Investment Cost Driven FTTx
As we known, fiber price decrease fast, which has reach up to 0.0125USD/m; but
Copper price increase by 30%~60% y/y. Copper cost is 2USD/pair/m.
Optic Modular also decreased sharply, in 2000 the price of 155Mbps optic modular
is 500USD, but now it is only 12.5USD.
EPON ASIC chip also decrease by 30%~40%. And GPON ASIC is becoming
mature and stable.
ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 1

Document Title
FTTx network reduce the OpEX the most. FTTx is lower power consumption than
DSLAM, FTTx need smaller room than DSLAM. ODN network is passive, which will
largest reduce Operation, management and maintenance cost.
Advanced Features
Fiber access is one of the key technologies of Next Generation Network. FTTx has
advance Features as the following:
High bandwidth
Long distance, PON can reach up to 20KM
Fiber lifetime can last to more than 50 years
Anti- electromagnetism disturbance and lower fault
Easy management
2 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

2 Comparison EPON and GPON

In order to meet the high bandwidth demands including VoIP, IPTV, VOD, CATV
video services, L2VPN service, EPON and GPON emerged. For FTTx solution,
EPON and GPON dominated in the fiber access technology. EPON and GPON
work as Passive Optic network technology, there are some advantages such as
long distance, high bandwidth, lower power consumption, easy maintenance, anti-
electronic magnet, longer lifetime, etc. but when the carriers choose the PON
technology, they are often confused, so the next section, we give you some
comparison about EPON and GPON.
2.1 Technology Comparison
2.1.1 Common Technology Features
Wide Approved international standard by telecom fields
Similar network topology, the network consists of OLT, ONU, ODN and NMS. EPON
and GPON support all FTTx solutions such as FTTH/FTTB/FTTC/FTTO
EPON and GPON all adopt asymmetric wavelength transmitting data, downlink
is1490nm; uplink is 1310nmalso support 1550nm for CATV.
Support Multi-play services such as Voice, Data, Video, multimedia and so on, fully
bear IPTV and CATV service.
The maxim transmitting distance is 20km.
Support carrier-graded link protection.
2.1.2 Different Technology Features

Since EPON and GPON come from different standard organization and based on
different technology. There is some difference as the following shows.
Table 2 Technology difference between EPON and GPON
Item EPON GPON
Standards and
ITU-T. G.984.1 GSR
IEEE,802.3ah G.984.2 GPMG.984.3 GTC
Organization
G.984.4 OMCI
Mode symmetric Asymmetric/Symmetric

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1244.16 Mbps/155.52 Mbps

1244.16 Mbps/622.08 Mbps
2488.32 Mbps/155.52 Mbps
Bandwidth(Down/Up) 1.25Gbps/1.25Gbps
2488.32 Mbps/622.08 Mbps
2488.32 Mbps/1244.16 Mbps
2488.32 Mbps/2488.32 Mbps
Code 8B/10B NRZ

Maxim 1:128; Application is
Splitter Maxim 1:64, Application 1:32
1:64
TDM CES CES/Native
Encapsulation Ethernet frame GEM/ATM
G.984.4 define the OMCI
Adopting 802.3ah procedure mechanism, support powerful
OAM
to managing OLT and ONT
OAMPLOAM and OMCI
Not define, normally adopting Define AES as the security

Security
AES standard
The standard completed
earlier. Product and just completed the standard,
Stability application are Matured and industry chain is not matured
stability, industry chain is yet.
matured
Evolution EPON to 10G PON Not clear
2.2 Commercial Application comparison

EPON dominated the FTTx market
Till now FTTx are prevailing in Japan, Korea, USA, China and West Europe.
Different countries choose different PON technology. China, Japan, korea, some
north Europe countries choose EPON; but USA and some of West Europe choose
GPON and VDSL2 as the FTTx technology. There are 10M EPON in Japan till 2007,
and Japan will expand to 17M in 2010. From 2007 China began to develop EPON
network largely. EPON accounted for 80% market share of FTTx.
Figure 1 Data from DITTBERNER

The above diagram shows the shipment of Q1 2008, EPON is the major FTTx
technology.
EPON Maturity is better than GPON
EPONs OLT and ONU are based on ASIC and EPON standard was completed for
a long time and EPON has been largest application in the world.
GPON OLT and ONU are based on FPGA, just little GPON ONU is based on ASIC;
there are few chipset vendor for GPON. The cost is still very high.
Supply Chain, EPON is better than GPON
Before 2007 there were 3 matured chipset vendors including PMCCortina

Teknovus. To 2007 has been increased to 5 vendors.
Till now, there is only Broadlight provide ASIC GPON chip for GPON ONU.
In 2007 there are 15 EPON vendors products passed China Telecom

interoperability test.
2.3 Cost comparison

The big difference of cost is MAC chip and Optic Modular. Because GPON is new
standard, there is not matured application and industry product chain. GPONs cost
still several times than that of EPON.
Basic cost
EPON based on Ethernet, the MAC layer of EPON simpler than GPON, the
cost of EPON is lower than GPON.
GPON performance index of fiber facility (Splitter, Optic modular) is higher than
EPON. GPON OLT is difficult interoperability between different vendors. GPON
ONU must adopt DFB, but EPON adopt FP, DFB is much higher than FP.
Speed of price down
EPON based on ASIC and there are larger applications in the world. ASIC
technology is more mature than FGPA, so EPON has big price space and easy
to be mass production and reduce the cost.
FGPA is a new technology, bad compatibility. GPON chip based on FGPA, it

will be a long way to suitable price.

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3 FTTx Solution
3.1 FTTH
In this mode, ZXA10 C220/C200 is placed in the central office, or in the equipment
room of the residential area, ZXA10 C220/C200 connects with the subscribers in
each house, apartment or building via splitter. In the case of high building, splitter is
placed outside of the building, hung on the wall or in outdoor cabinet. For multi-layer
residential building, one splitter can be shared by several residential building.
Generally splitter is placed in the middle of the buildings to save fiber.
Fiber is inter-connected in the connecting cabinet, and then enters into the room of
subscribers via pig-tail; ONT can be placed on the desk or mount-hanging. ONT
provides multi-services access such as POTS, IPTV, HSIA, CATV through VoIP,
FE/GE, WLAN and RF interfaces, etc.
The characteristic of this mode is that each apartment/house has its own private
ONT, splitter is shared by several subscribers, and bandwidth of each subscriber is
relative to the number of ONT.
Figure 2 Solution for FTTH
Nowadays, there are many villas in each city, these users often need high
bandwidth and high QoS for service access, the features of GPON is just fit for
these customers requirements, fiber to the villa is a typical kind of FTTH application.
Broadband users in villa area are generally separated. OLT can be placed in the
equipment room of the area. To save optical cable resource, multi-level optical fiber
splitting is used. Hang the backbone cable on the cable pole overhead or lay them
underground with cell equipment room as the center. Install a level 1 optical fiber

splitter at an interval to cover the users nearby. For users far away from the
backbone cable, install a level 2 optical fiber splitter to cover users around this area.
Since level 2 optical fiber splitting box and the users are separated, a multiplexer
with small optical splitter is used.
Figure 3 Solution for Villa
Each villa has its own private ONT; splitter is generally placed outside of the villa
and shared by several subscribers.
3.2 FTTB
For commercial building, there are several self-governed enterprises or companies
in each building, the bandwidth of each enterprise or company generally is very high.
In this case, ZXA10 C220/C200 can be placed in the basement or equipment room
of the building, splitter is placed in the low voltage room of each floor. Multi level
splitting can be used in this case.
Each enterprise or company has its own ONU/ONT, ONU/ONT connects to the
splitter which shared by several ONU/ONTs, with Hub or LAN switch for interfaces
expansion. There are two ways: MTU for PON+LAN and MDU for PON+DSL used
in this mode.
PON+LAN mode

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Figure 4 FTTB with PON+LAN
PON+DSL mode
Figure 5 FTTB with PON+DSL
ZXDSL 9806H as a MDU supports up to 96 lines ADSL/ADSL2/SHDSL or 64 lines

VDSL2, with EPON/GPON uplink to OLT via splitter. ZXDSL 9806H can be placed
in the basement of the building or outdoor cabinet. The existing twisted-pair cooper
line in the building can be used to save the cost of networking, for higher building,
wiring box can be used in certain layer to make it easy for wire planning.
For high building, OLT can be placed in the access equipment room or central
equipment room. Level 1 optical fiber splitting is generally recommended: Use an
optical fiber splitter for several layers and install it in the low voltage equipment
room. Put the optical splitter in the optical fiber splitting box, which directly cover
users in serveral layers. If level-2 optical fiber splitter is used, it can only be used as
splicing wire distribution convergence point, not the optical fiber splitting point.

3.3 FTTO
For office application it is similar to that of FTTB, but the distance between
ONU/ONT and user is generally no more than 50 meters. Splitter can be placed in
the centre of the office or in the equipment room. In this case, SBU (Single
Business Unit) is used for few interfaces providing and MTU (Multi-Tenant Unit) are
used for more interfaces providing.
Figure 6 Solution for FTTO
SBU/MTU should support E1 that connect with PBX which connect provide voice
service for business user. MTU can not only directly provide FE that connects with
PC, but also MTD/SBU can connect with LAN switch that provides multi FE
connecting with PC. In this mode OLT located at center office. OLT connect with
various service network such as IP network, VOIP network and PSTN/TDM network.

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4 FTTx Service provision
4.1 VoIP Service

VoIP service provides voice service for subscriber. ZXA10 C220/C200 supports the
voice service in VoIP access mode. VoIP service can be realized by NGN network
and VoIP is carried by ZXC220/C200 and ONU. ZXA10 C220/C200 meets the
requirement of network evolution by integrating the NGN network with SS
architecture.
Figure 7 VoIP Service
VoIP service flow in NGN network is as the followings:
1. ZXA10 C220/C200 connects to SS (Soft Switch) which controls the voice calling
through SIP or H.248.
2. ONT equipment on the user side generates VoIP calling.
3. ZXA10 C220/C200 implements the convergence of VoIP service.
VoIP service is sent upward to SS by the following two ways:

1) GE/10GE port
2) The same physical interface as other services. Different services are isolated
from one another logically.
For ONU there are two Modes, one is ONU with IAD function, the other is ONU
without IAD function.
ONU with IAD Mode
In this mode, ONU generates VoIP calling, ONU process the VOIP codec and
SIP/H.248 protocol. OLT C200/C220 just transparent transports VoIP data and
Signaling.
ONU without IAD Mode

In this mode, ONU provide interface (xDSL or FE) which connect with IAD terminal.
OLT and ONU work as the VOIP carried function. IAD generates calling and
process calling. OLT and ONT provide the data channel of VOIP, but not process
the VOIP calling.
4.2 IPTV Service

ZXA10 C220/C200 supports high bandwidth video traffic and IP functions. IPTV
service implements multicast to provide TV channels. It enables fast channel
switching and reduces bandwidth requirements by distributing services to each
subscriber.
IPTV video stream does not require a constant bit rate. IPTV service flow is as the
followings:
1) Subscribers generate PPPoE service request from STB (Set Top Box),
which is connected to FE/GE UNI (User Network Interface) of ONT.
2) ZXA10 C220/C200 checks the subscribers video program request and

controls duplication of video multicast service stream.
3) IPTV service stream is transmitted to ONU via GE interface of ZXA10

C220/C200 according to the requested program.
4) IPTV traffic flow can be set by the subscriber. It should be lower than VoIP
service and higher than Internet access traffic flow. EPON/GPON provides
very high bandwidth so there is no congestion.
There are two modes for traffic flow:
Mode 1 (IPTV traffic passing through BAS)
All services pass through the BAS (Broadband Access Server) in this mode. This
mode provides Internet and IPTV services. BAS performs authorization, service
control, user management and access control. IPTV service supporting platform is
also used for subscriber authorization.
One user account requires two times authorization for subscriber management and
control. The advantage of this mode is that the IP network performs the subscribers
management. The disadvantage is that both IPTV and Internet use the same line,
so the speed is low.
Other services pass through ZXA10 C220/C200 uplink port and connect to IP
network. All subscribers are authorized by PPPoE server.

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Figure 8 Mode 1 IPTV Service Flow
Mode 2 (IPTV traffic passby BAS)
The main features are as the followings:

1) Broadband service passes through BAS.
2) VoD service does not pass through BAS even it uses the same port with the
broadband service.
3) Live TV service does not pass through BAS
This mode uses one independent uplink port for live TV and another uplink port for
Internet and VoD services. Both services are separated by VLAN and each has
different Class of Service (CoS) priority.
In this mode, the broadband subscriber uses PPPoE to be authorized and IPTV
subscriber uses fixed or dynamic IP address. For dynamic IP address PPPoE
authorization is used. ZXA10 C220/C200 supports transparent transmission.
Figure 9 Mode 2 Service Flow

4.3 CATV Service

CATV service provides cable TV channels. The subscriber can access to cable TV
system through RF UNI of ONU. To access the CATV service, ONU with CATV
interface is required.
CATV service flow is as the followings:
1. ONU provides the RF UNI for subscribers and ONT performs de-multiplexing.
2. ZXA10 C220/C200 is configured connecting with multiplexer and Erbium

Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA, Video combiner). The multiplexer combines
three wavelength signals on one single fiber. These signal wavelengths are:
1) 1550 nm downstream CATV optical signal
2) 1490 nm downstream optical signal
3) 1310 nm upstream optical signal
3. The signals are sent through the fiber in wave division form.
4. ONU receives the 1550 nm CATV signal and sends it to the cable TV system
after wave division.
Figure 10 CATV Service
4.4 Broadband Services

ZXA10 C220/C200 provides various broadband services. These services include
Internet surfing, downloading, online game, online learning, video conferencing,
remote education/medical treatment, etc.
The ONU/ONT supports data service access via LAN (FE/GE) or WLAN (WiFi)
interface. Subscriber is connected to ONU/ONT. ONU/ONT is connected to ZXA10
C220/C200 (OLT) which implements convergence and uplink to the broadband
WAN via GE interface. BAS performs subscribers authorization, service control,
user management and access control.

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Figure 11 Broadband Service
4.5 Broadband VPN Service

VPN (Virtual private network) is an important network application. It can reduce the
end users own and usage cost, and promotes the network security. ZXA10 PON
can support broadband VPN.
Figure 12 VPN services.
The ONU/ONT supports VPN broadband service access via LAN (FE/GE) or WLAN
(WiFi) interface. Subscriber is connected to ONU/ONT. ONU/ONT is connected to
ZXA10 C220/C200 (OLT) which implements convergence and uplink to the
broadband WAN via GE interface. BAS performs subscribers authorization, service
control, user management and access control.
BRAS support VPN function. ZXA10 C220/C200 (OLT) connects the end user by
VLAN/PPP to transmit the data to the BRAS which use the L2TP to establish the
tunnel for secure connection to use internal network resources.
4.6 TDM Service

ZXA10 C220/C200 provides TDM service to the subscribers. It is suitable for
subscribers who use TDM network instead of IP networks (such as SS and IMS).
TDM service is provided in network with SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy),
SONET and TDM systems. TDM service is supported in CES mode.
If there is PBX in the network, PBX uplinks to SBU/MTU, EPON/GPON OLT

transmits the E1 signal from SBU/MTU to PSTN/TDM network. ZXA10 C220/C200
supports 128E1 to connect with PSTN/TDM. SBU ZXA10 F621/F429 supports 4
E1 interfaces to connect with PBX,MTU ZXA10 F820 supports 16E1 interfaces to
connect with PBX. PBX is suitable for many commercial applications such as
enterprises, factories, office parks, commercial streets and buildings for E1
requirements.

Figure 13 PBX Access

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5 QoS
5.1 General description

ZTE PON QoS solution adopt Diffserv Model. QoS specifications with Ethernet are
as the followings:
1. Support 802.1p with 8 class of service.
2. Provide eight queues in egress port with max/min bandwidth shaping.
3. Multiple queue scheduling support:
Strict Priority (SP)
Round Robin (RR)
Weight Round Robin (WRR)
SP +Weight
4. SLAs based on classification including parameters like CIR, EIR and MBS.
5. Classification criteria:
MAC source and destination address
IP source and destination address
TCP/UDP source and destination port
Ethernet type, IP protocol and VID
Service and Priority
ZTE PON QoS adopt DIFFSERV Mode. In order ensure end to end QoS, COS
value should be planned entirely. The following table is the relationship and service
about ZTE PON. The priority of service is defined by CoS in 802.1P.
Table 3 Relationship between CoS and service
COS Type
Service description Remark
value Service
7 NC Network Control Including TDM

6 IC Internet Control
5 VO Voice(<10ms latency and jitter) VoIP
4 VI Video(<100ms latency and jitter) IPTV, video
3 CA Critical Application
2 EE Excellent Effort
1 BK background
0 BE Best Effort HSIA

OLT and ONU support 4/8 queues. Different service can be mapped into different
queue and schedule by SP, SP+WRR and WRR. The following table shows the
relationship of Service and queue.
Table 4 Service and queue mapping relationship
COS Service Service Description Service Queue Queue Remark
value Remark
7 NC Network Control Including 1 Queue Priority:
TDM Queue 1> Queue 2 >
6 IC Internetwork control Queue 3> Queue 4
5 VO Voice< 10 ms VoIP 2
latency and jitter
4 VI Video< 100 ms IPTVVideo 3
latency and jitter
0 BE Best Effort HSIA 4
Qos Processing Procedure
ZTE OLT and ONU adopt the same QoS processing procedure as the following
diagram.
Figure 14 ONU and OLT QoS processing procedure
The package from ONU or OLT will be process as the following procedure.
1) Input package was classified by MAC, IP, VLAN, Ethernet type, UDP/TCP.
2) Traffic processing modular will detect the speed of stream, when the
speed exceeds the threshold, it will be rejected.
3) COS process: Sometime the data from UNI/SNI with COS is not reliability,
COS process modular will check and transfer to reliability COS. According
to Port, VLAN ID, LLID, etc, it will generate a new COS. COS processing
will copy the internal (C-Tag ) CoS to external (S-TAG) CoS.
4) COS and queue mapping: in order to guarantee service QoS, According to

COS value, the data will be mapping different priority queue, then be
scheduled through SP, WRR or SP+WRR.
5) There is a queue scheduler in ONU and OLT, which is responsible for

data scheduling.

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6) Shaping: make the traffic smoothly output.
5.2 GPON QoS

Beside the Ethernet QoS as above, ZTE GPON QoS specifications with GPON are as
the followings:
On OLT side
1) DBA is performed, which uses the bandwidth map to grant T-CONTs time slot
and guarantees the high priority T-CONT.
2) Traffic profile is given according to different service with different QoS
guarantee.
On ONT side
1) Multi T-CONTs are supported in ONT (up to 8 T-CONTs)
2) Five types of T-CONT are supported: 1-Fixed, 2-Assured, 3-Non-assured, 4-
best effort, 5-all
3) Mapping of T-CONT is based on UNI, 802.1p and VLAN
4) Support DBRu mode 0 based on ITU-T G.984.3
For the GPON, There are two types of total QoS in GPON application mode, which
are:
GPON Uplink QoS
Subscriber traffic is queued and enters the T-CONT for mapping. There are multiple
conditions of T-CONT which are as followings:
1) One user uses one T-CONT or all the subscribers use one T-CONT. T-CONT
uses strict priority (SP) and weight round robin (WRR) polices for mapping and
scheduling the user traffic. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) is assigned
at OLT side.
2) One type of service uses one T-CONT and one subscriber can use several T-
CONTs. DBA manages one user bandwidth or one type of service bandwidth
at a time.
3) PIR (Peak Information Rate) and SIR (Sustained Information Rate) can be
configured for one user. PIR and SIR can also be configured for one type of
service. If the data exceeds these WRED it is discarded in ONT/ONU.
Figure 15 GPON Uplink Qos

GPON Downlink QoS
Server side traffic is classified based on port id. Configurations rules are managed
by software. The downlink flow is as the followings:
1) Subscriber data is mapped to user traffic units. User traffic unit controls and
manage several subscribers by using SLA (Service Level Authentication). Its
functions are as follows:
Controls the PIR /SIR of whole downlink bandwidth.
Controls PIR/SIR of every services of every user. The data exceeded is
discarded
Shaping every service traffic of every user
Shaping the whole service traffic of every user
Scheduling service traffic of every user using SP and WRR.
Controls the users maximum, assured and fixed bandwidth.
2) Special low delay queues and user traffic unit are schedules using SP and
WRR
3) Support 512 user traffic unit per PON interfaces
4) Different service traffic is mapped to different queues in UNI
5) SP and WRR set the priorities of the queues in UNI interface and shape the
data through every UNI interface using PIR /SIR.
Schedule
Schedule
Classifying and
Classifying and
Schedule
Forwarding
Forwarding
Schedule
Schedule
Schedule
Figure 16 GPON Downlink Qos
5.3 EPON QoS

ZTE EPON QoS specifications with EPON are as the followings:
On OLT side

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1) DBA is performed, the DBA will adjust the bandwidth of ONU dynamically,
Support bandwidth mode
Fixed Bandwidth (FIR)
Assured Bandwidth (CIR )
Best Effort Bandwidth (CIR-PIR)
2) Traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified by 802.1p
and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type with
different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS
On ONT side
1) One LLID is supported in ONT
2) Upstream bandwidth based on DBA
3) 4 queue mapping is based on 802.1p
For the GPON, There are two types of total QoS in GPON application mode, which
are:
EPON uplink QoS
The user traffic from UNI will be clarified and tagged with 802.1p COS. Different
service will be mapped into different priority queues that will be scheduled by SP,
WRR or SP+WRR.
ONU configure CIR/PIR parameter according to services. OLT guarantee ONU

enough bandwidth and SLA through DBA.
OLT differentiated traffic through S-VLAN. OLT configure CIR/PIR according to

different service. The detail QoS procedure is as following diagram.
Figure 17 EPON uplink QoS
EPON Downlink QoS

On OLT side: Traffic with different priority, comes from SNI, will be classified by
802.1p and mapped into the queue of traffic unit, which is given specific type with
different bandwidth to guarantee the service QoS. The traffic in different priority
queue will be scheduled by SP, WRR, SP+WRR.
On ONU side: Traffic out of EPON Mac will be mapped to specific queue according
to the 802.1p, then be scheduled and shaped to different SNI ports. The detail QoS
procedure of downlink shown as the following.
Figure 18 EPON downlink QoS

Document Title
6 Optical Distribution Network ODN

PON network consist of OLT, ONU and ODN. ODN is the Optical fiber distribution
network that consists of ODF, Fiber distribution Cabinet/Box, splitter, cool splice and
other auxiliary fiber facilities.
6.1 OLT, ONU and Splitter Deployment
6.1.1 OLT Deployment

OLTs can be deployed in equipment rooms in offices or residential community
access equipment rooms
If OLTs are deployed in equipment rooms in offices, equipment maintenance is

much convenient, but because a large number of optical fibers are deployed from
the office to residential communities where fibers are distributed, the costs of fibers
are rather high and there is a lot of construction work.
If OLTs are deployed in residential community access equipment rooms where a

multitude of user optical interfaces are provided, they are nearer to users. Because
a large number of optical fibers from the office to residential communities are not
necessary, fiber and construction costs are saved.
6.1.2 ONU Deployment

Deployment of ONUs is divided into FTTH, FTTC, FTTB, FTTO, FTTCab, etc.
If terminals on ONU side are deployed outdoors, installation positions, damage

prevention, power supply, and other problems need to be taken into consideration;
on the other hand, the construction and maintenance work is huge.
If terminals on ONU side are deployed indoors, installation and maintenance are
very simple, and various services can be offered to users conveniently. Thus it is
the trend of development in future.
6.1.3 Optical Splitter Deployment

Theoretically, the nearer splitters to users, the more fiber resources are saved.
However, during network design, costs of supporting facilities should be considered
at the same time, that is, it is not worth attaching full importance to save fiber
resources while neglecting costs of supporting facilities.
Therefore, when users are relatively centralized, it is most suitable for splitters to be
in weak electric-pump wells of the floors near users; when user density is not high,
splitters can be placed in weak electric-pump wells on the first floors or equipment
rooms, and a secondary optical splitter solution can be used in which splitters are
flexibly configured with various coupling ratios to provide optical fiber access

services for nearby floors. If users are relatively decentralized, such as in a villa
neighborhood, splitters can be deployed in outdoor cabinets as well.
Figure 19 Splitter deployment scenarios
As the above diagram, there are 4 situations for the splitter deployment, which are
splitter in Center office, Splitter installing in residential equipment room, splitter
installing building corridor, splitter installing greened region between building and
residential equipment room.
splitter in Center office
Splitter is installed in center office, which easy management, but that will need
many fiber resources and engineering is also complex. We did not recommend this
mode unless you should cover larger region and the density of population is not
high.
Splitter installing in residential equipment room
In this mode, Splitter placed in the equipment room, the cost of centralized wiring is
low. Splitter is installed centralized, which cover many subscribers; also improve the
utilization of PON.
splitter installing building corridor
Splitter placed on the corridor, can save fiber at the most, but cover range is smaller
and PON utilization is lower if the population density is not high.
splitter installing greened region
Splitter placed in the outdoor cabinet, Splitter centralized deployment and the cost
of fiber is low, and covers many subscribers; also improve the utilization of PON.

Document Title
6.2 FTTH ODN Solution

ODN is the optical fiber distribution between OLT and ONU. For the FTTH solution,
medial transport is pure fiber between OLT and ONU. OLT installed in center office
and ONU deployed in subscriber home. The following topology structure of an
FTTH system mainly refers to that of ODN. ODN is passive, that is, there did not
need power supply.
Figure 20 FTTH ODN solution
From this diagram, ODN consists of five Optical fiber subsystem. They are jumper
fiber subsystem system, Trunk Fiber subsystem, distribution Fiber system and
Outdoor Fiber subsystem and indoor fiber subsystem.
Jumper fiber subsystem
This subsystem is from OLT to ODF in the center office. The major components are
OLT, ODF.
Trunk Fiber subsystem
This segment is the trunk optical fiber parts from the center office ODF to Fiber
distribution Cabinet. Trunk fiber normally is armored fiber. Trunk fiber subsystem
includes ODF, Fiber distribution box and cross-connection box. Sometime splitter
can be installed into fiber distribution cabinet.
Distribution Fiber subsystem
Distribution fiber subsystem is segment from Trunk fiber to Fiber distribution box of
district or building. Splitter often installed in the distribution box of district and
building.
Outdoor Drop fiber subsystem
This subsystem distributed fiber from district distribution box to home. The fiber is
ribbon fiber.
Indoor Drop fiber subsystem
This part is the indoor fiber planning from the Fiber socket to the ONT/ONU.

6.3 FTTB ODN Solution

FTTB ODN divided into two parts including Trunk fiber part and user fiber part.
FTTB solution consists of OLT, ODF, Splitter, MTU (with PON and LAN)/MDU (with
PON and DSL), and other Optical auxiliary components. The detail topology of
FTTB is shown as the following diagram.
MTU
OLT
MDU
Figure 21 FTTB ODN solution
The trunk fiber is armored fiber. Fiber Wiring box and splitter are install in the same
cabinet which located in residential equipment room or outdoor cabinet near to a
building. For FTTB, it often adopts one level splitter centralized. MTU/MDU is
installed in weak electric well of building.
6.4 Typical application
6.4.1 Commercial Zone

Users in commercial area are more concentrated. It is recommended that OLT be placed
in the access equipment room. A fiber splitter is installed in each layer or 2~3 adjacent
layers. An optical splitter is installed in the fiber splitting box (It is general 1: 32) for
Level 1 Optical Splitter. If users in one layer are more than 32, a separate level 1
splitter may be installed. If users in one layer are less than 32, multiple layers can share
one level 1 fiber splitting box.
Backbone optical fiber is laid in the fiber splitter via weak electric well by OLT. Its
minimum fiber core capacity is determined by the total number of final users in the
building and optical splitting ratio of optical splitter. Optical fiber splitter is directly
connected to the user via user optical fiber, or for the convenience, to level 2 fiber
splitting box, then to the user. At this time, level 2 fiber splitter is only used as splicing
wire distribution convergence point, not optical splitting point.

Document Title
Backbone
optical cable
User
Level 2 wire
distribution box
Level 1 wire
distribution box
Access equipment
room User
ODF rack
OLT
Weak
electric well
Figure 22 Commercial Building ODN Plan
6.4.2 Villa Area

Broadband users in villa area are generally separated. OLT can be placed in the
machine room of the cell. To save optical cable resource, multi-level optical fiber splitting
is used. Hang the backbone cable on the cable pole overhead or lay them
underground with cell machine room as the center. Install a level 1 optical fiber splitter at
an interval to cover the users nearby. For users far away from the backbone cable,
install a level 2 optical fiber splitter to cover users around this area. Since level 2 optical
fiber splitting box and the users are separated, a demultiplexer with small optical splitter
is used.

Figure 23 ODN Plan in a Villa
6.4.3 Multi-layer Building

If a multi-layer building doesnt have many users, OLT can be placed in the cell
machine room or the central equipment room. An optical fiber splitter is generally
used in a corridor or several corridors share an optical fiber splitting box. An optical
splitter is used in the fiber splitting box. When there are many users in the corridor,
just adopt Level 1 Optical Fiber Splitting Box . When there are much more users in
the corridor, adopt Level 2 Optical Fiber Splitting Box mode. User the optical fiber
splitter in a corridor as the level 1 optical fiber splitting box, leading out optical fiber
to the corridor nearby. Then, install a level 2 optical fiber splitting box, thus ensuring
effective use of optical fiber resource.

Document Title
Figure 24 Multi-layer ODN Plan
6.4.4 High Building

For high building, OLT can be placed in the access equipment room or cell
equipment room. Level 1 Optical Fiber Splitting plan is generally recommended:
Use an optical fiber splitter for several layers and install it in the weak electric well.
Put the optical splitter in the optical fiber splitting box, which directly cover users in
many layers. If level 2 optical fiber splitter is used, it can only be used as splicing
wire distribution convergence point, not optical fiber splitting point.
If user density is very low, to save the backbone optical fiber resource, level 2
optical fiber splitting mode can be considered. Advantage of the level 2 optical fiber
splitter is that it can fully save optical fiber resource. The loss will be more, and the
maintenance work will increase.

Backbone
optical cable
Splitter and
wiring box
Access
equipment room Splitter and
wiring box
ODF rack
OLT
Weak electric well
Figure 25 High Building ODN Plan

Document Title
7 ZTE PON Market share

ZTE began to design EPON/GPON product in 2003. Since ZTE EPON was put into
use at the beginning of 2005, ZTE FTTx total solutions have been widely used in
operators networks, including FTTH,FTTB,FTTC, FTTO, FTTCab and FTTB+LAN
modes, providing services such as voice, data, video and other kinds of applications.
By the end of 2007, there are total 1222 OLTs and 136653 ONT/ONUs that have
been deployed in carriers network.
In china, ZTE PON product was wide used in China Telecom, China Netcom, China
Mobile and China Unicom. Total market share account for more than 50%.
In 2007 ZTE has been the partner with TI, and successful deployed PON+VDSL2 in
roman. And 2007 ZTE PON+VDSL2 solution got innovation award of BBWF in
Germany. And 2008 ZTE PON product ZXDSL 9806H got the Best Green
innovation award from SOFNET that presided by BT.
ZTE PON products also deployed in PCCW, Algeria, Ukraine, etc.ZTE GPON
system has done or is doing tests of Telefonica, BT, FT, Etisalat, TI, Singtel.
ZTE has rich experiences in deployment of FTTx solution. For the detail application,
please refer to Annex 2 ZTE ZXA10 xPON Application in the Globe and Annex 1
ZTE ZXA10 xPON User List.

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ZTE PON Solution for VNPT

Version Date Author Approved By Remarks

V1.00 2008-03-18 Not open to the Third Party

2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. I

1 Why PON ..................................................................................................................... 1

2 Comparison EPON and GPON .................................................................................. 3

3 FTTx Solution ............................................................................................................. 6

4 FTTx Service provision............................................................................................ 10

6 Optical Distribution Network ODN.......................................................................... 22

7 ZTE PON Market share ............................................................................................ 30

II 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

Figure 1 Data from DITTBERNER ............................................................................................... 4

Table 1 Service bandwidth demand ........................................................................................... 1

Multimedia Service Driven FTTx

Item 2008~2010 Forecast 2010~2012 Forecast

Video Communication: 1~2M Video Communication: 2~4M

Bandwidth Requirement Online Gaming300~800K Online Gaming1~2M

Total Downstream Bandwidth 10M~20M 2040M

Total Upstream Bandwidth 4M 10M

Investment Cost Driven FTTx

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 1

Long distance, PON can reach up to 20KM

Fiber lifetime can last to more than 50 years

Anti- electromagnetism disturbance and lower fault

2 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

2 Comparison EPON and GPON

2.1 Technology Comparison

2.1.1 Common Technology Features

Wide Approved international standard by telecom fields

The maxim transmitting distance is 20km.

Support carrier-graded link protection.

2.1.2 Different Technology Features

Item EPON GPON

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 3

1244.16 Mbps/155.52 Mbps

Code 8B/10B NRZ

Not define, normally adopting Define AES as the security

2.2 Commercial Application comparison

Figure 1 Data from DITTBERNER

4 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

EPON Maturity is better than GPON

Supply Chain, EPON is better than GPON

Before 2007 there were 3 matured chipset vendors including PMCCortina

In 2007 there are 15 EPON vendors products passed China Telecom

2.3 Cost comparison

Speed of price down

FGPA is a new technology, bad compatibility. GPON chip based on FGPA, it

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 5

Figure 2 Solution for FTTH

6 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

Figure 3 Solution for Villa

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 7

Figure 4 FTTB with PON+LAN

Figure 5 FTTB with PON+DSL

ZXDSL 9806H as a MDU supports up to 96 lines ADSL/ADSL2/SHDSL or 64 lines

8 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. ZTE ConfidentialProprietary

Figure 6 Solution for FTTO

ZTE Confidential Proprietary 2008 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved. 9

4 FTTx Service provision

4.1 VoIP Service