Referencing Bibliographies & References

Bibliography
References and Bibliographies Lists sources used for background reading
as part of research.
Learning outcomes
At the end of this lesson, students should be able to References
Understand why academic texts have reference lists and bibliographies Lists the particular sources used e.g.
Understand and practice the structure of the APA referencing system and journal articles, books, websites, graphics
IEEE referencing system.
Structuring of Bibliographies and References
Documenting sources APA Referencing system
This is the practice of citing original sources of information used in journal articles, For Books
books, formal reports or any documents that include evidence from printed work. Author.(Publication Date).Title of book. Edition e.g. 3rd ed.Place of publication :
Publisher
Why use references? Doe, D. (1984).History of Cartography( 3rd ed.). London: Virago Press.
Readers can locate the original source material
The writer is not personally responsible for the contents For Journal papers
To avoid charges of plagiarism Author.(Publication Date). Title of article.Periodical title.Volume number,(Edition).
Page numbers e.g. 603-633
When to document Doe,D. (1985). Food colourants. Nutrition. 31 (3), 603-633.
DO document (cite) when :
Using a direct quotation from another text
Paraphrasing information from another source Now you try
Example 1
DONT document (cite) when : Lucy RichardsHandling qualitative data : A practical guide.Sage publishers, London
Presenting widely known information In 2005.
Information comes from encyclopedias or dictionaries
Example 2
Documenting sources Zhang HuishanQuestioning in Chinese university EL classrooms. What lies beyond it?
The systems most frequently used in the natural sciences, social sciences and Volume 38 edition 1 2007RELC JournalPages 87-103
technical fields are :
APA Referencing System:
APA or American Psychological Association, and Alphabetical Order
IEEE system also known as Numerical referencing system IEEE System:
In the order they are cited in the text
(Other referencing systems are Harvard, MLA, Chicago, etc.). IEEE System
Alphabetically by name of author
Quick review to conclude
What is the sequence for a book?
What is the sequence for a journal?
Could you identify the differences between APA referencing system and the IEEE
system?
Book Chapter
Surname, first name. middle name. (year). Title of Chapter. In (Editor of book), Title
of Book (page number). Location: Publisher.

This is the last slide for referencing. Thank you for paying attention