Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Short Answer
1. Even if we knew the sequence of all the genes of a single-celled organism and could
caused those genes to be expressed in a test tube, it would still be incredibly difficult to
create a functioning organism. Why? Considering this, what do you think of the statement
that the genome contains all of the information for a species?
2. Compare a covalent bond between two hydrogen atoms with a hydrogen bond between
a hydrogen and an oxygen atoms, with regard to the electrons involved, the role of
polarity, and the strength of the bond.
4. Why was the evolution of a self-contained cell essential for life as we know it?
5. The drug vincristine is used to treat many cancers. It apparently works by causing
microtubules to depolymerize. Vincristine use has many side effects, including loss of
dividing cells and nerve problems. Explain why this might be so.
Multiple Choice
1. Studying the impacts of energy drinks on academic performance in college students
would be focusing at which organization level?
a. biosphere b. community
c. population d. organism
2. Which of the following best demonstrates the unity among all organisms?
a. emergent properties b. descent with modification
c. the structure and function of DNA d. natural selection
3. A researcher subjects frogs to various levels of UV-B radiation while keeping all other
variables constant. Following the scientific method, what came directly before this step?
a. making a prediction b. asking a question
c. making an observation d. analyzing results/drawing conclusions
4. In presenting results from the previous question, the amount of radiation would be
placed on the __ because it is the ___ variable.
a. x-axis; independent b. y-axis; independent
c. x-axis; dependent d. y-axis; dependent
6. Which of the following statements about the isotopes of an element is NOT true?
a. they have the same atomic number b. they have the same number of protons
c. they have the same number of neutrons d. they have identical chemical properties
7. The atomic number of sulfur is 16. When combined with hydrogen by covalent bonds
it forms a compound, hydrogen sulfide. Based on this information, which would you
predict is the correct chemical formula?
a. HS b. HS2
c. H2S d. H3S2
9. The reaction HCL -> H+ + Cl- in the human stomach is an example of:
a. formation of a hydrogen bond b. formation of ions by dissolving an acid
c. cleavage of a hydrophobic bond d. formation of polar covalent bonds
13. Which of the following statements about the primary structure of a protein is not true?
a. it may be branched b. it is held together by covalent bonds
c. it is unique to that protein d. it determines the tertiary structure
15. Nucleotides in RNA are connected to one another in the polynucleotide chain by:
a. covalent bonds between bases
b. covalent bonds between sugars
c. covalent bonds between sugar and phosphate
d. hydrogen bonds between purines
16. If all the lysosomes within a cell suddenly ruptured, what would be the most likely
result?
a. more proteins would be made
b. the DNA within mitochondria would break down
c. the macromolecules in the cytosol would break down
d. there would be no change in cell function
17. You are studying how the protein transferring enters cells. When you examine cells
that have taken up transferrin, you find it inside clathrin-coated vesicles. Therefore, the
most likely mechanism for uptake of transferring is:
a. facilitated diffusion b. receptor-mediated endocytosis
c. an antiporter d. ion channels
19. Cyanide is a poison that binds to a protein used in the production of ATP. If a cell
were exposed to cyanide, where would you expect the highest concentrations?
a. nucleus b. mitochondria
c. rough endoplasmic reticulum d. ribosomes