Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Early life
Amado V. Hernandez
Abadilla was born to an average Filipino family on
March 10, 1906, in Salinas, Rosario, Cavite. He Amado Vera Hernandez, commonly known as
finished elementary school at Sapa Barrio Amado V. Hernandez (September 13, 1903
School, then continued for high school education March 24, 1970) was a Filipino writer and labor
in Cavite City. After graduation, he worked for leader who was known for his criticism of social
abroad into a small printing shop in Seattle, injustices in the Philippines and was later
Washington. He edited several section of the imprisoned for his involvement in the communist
Philippine Digest, Philippines-American Review movement. He was the central figure in a
and established Kapisanang Balagtas (Balagtas' landmark legal case that took 13 years to settle.
Organization). In 1934, he returned to the
Philippines where he finished AB Philosophy at He was born in Hagonoy, Bulacan but
the University of Santo Tomas. Until 1934, he grew up Tondo, Manila, where he studied at the
became municipal councilor of Salinas before Manila High School and at the American
shifting to insurance selling job. Correspondence School.
Aside from writing Ako ang Daigdig, Abadilla While still a teenager, he began writing in Tagalog
wrote several poems and compilation of his for the newspaper Watawat (Flag). He would later
works: write a column for the Tagalog publication
Pagkakaisa (Unity) and become editor of
Mga Kuwentong Ginto (Golden Stories) - Mabuhay (Long Live).
he co-edited with Clodualdo del Mundo.
Mga Piling Katha: Ang Maikling Kathang His writings gained the attention of Tagalog
Tagalog (Chosen Works: An Anthology literati and some of his stories and poems were
of Short Stories in Tagalog) - he co- included in anthologies, such as Clodualdo del
edited with F.B. Sebastian and A.D.G. Mundo's Parolang Ginto and Alejandro Abadilla's
Mariano. Talaang Bughaw.
Maiikling Katha (Short Stories) - together
with Commission on Filipino Language In 1922, at the age of 19, Hernandez became a
head Ponciano B.P. Pineda. member of the literary society Aklatang Bayan
Mga Piling Sanaysay (Several Essays). which included noted Tagalog writers Lope K.
Parnasong Tagalog: Katipunan ng mga Santos and Jose Corazon de Jesus.
piling tula mula kina Huseng Sisiw at
Balagtas hanggang sa kasalukuyang In 1932, he married the Filipino actress Atang de
panahon ng pamumulaklak at la Rama. Both of them would later be recognized
pagkaunlad (Tagalog Works: as National Artists: Hernandez for Literature, de
Compilation of Poems from Huseng la Rama for Theater, Dance and Music.
Sisiw through Francisco Balagtas until
Present Times of Flourishing Philippine
Poetry). Works
Ako ang Daigdig at Iba pang mga Tula (I
Novels
am the World and Other Poems).
Tanagabadilla, Una at Ikalawang Aklat
(Tanagabadilla: First and Second His socio-political novels were based on his
Books)- compilation of Abadilla's experiences as a guerilla, as a labor leader and
tanagas. In Filipino poetry, a tanaga is a as a political detainee.
short poem of one stanza with 7-7-7-7
syllabic verse, with an AAAA rhyme Mga Ibong Mandaragit (Birds of
scheme. Usually, a tanaga is embedded Prey),1969
with symbols. Tanagabadilla is a coined Luha Ng Buwaya (Crocodile's Tears),
term consisting of tanaga and Abadilla. 1972
Pagkamulat ni Magdalena (Magdalena's
Awakening) - a novel which he co-edited Poems
with Elpidio P., Kapulong.
Isang Dipang Langit (An Arm's Length
Ako ang Daigdig Piece of the Sky)
Panata sa Kalayaan (Oath to Freedom) Hernandez was arrested on January 26 on the
Ang Dalaw (The Visit) suspicion that he was among the leaders of the
Bartolina (Solitary Confinement) rebellion.
Kung Tuyo Na ang Luha Mo Aking
Bayan (When Your Tears Dry Up, My It was while he was imprisoned that he wrote his
Country) most notable works. He wrote Isang Dipang
Langit (A Stretch of Heaven), which later won a
Short Stories Republic Cultural Heritage Award, and Bayang
Malaya (Free Nation), which later won a Balagtas
Award. Also written in prison was his masterpiece
Wala nang Lunas (No more Remedy)
Luha ng Buwaya (Tears of the Crocodile).
Kulang sa Dilig (lack of Watering)
Portions of his novel Mga Ibong Mandaragit
Langaw sa Isang Basong Gatas (Fly in (Birds of Prey) was also written while he was at
a Glass of Milk) the New Bilibid Prison. He also edited the prison's
Dalawang Metro sa Lupang Di-Malipad newspaper Muntinglupa Courier.
ng Uwak (Two Meters in the Land
Which a Crow Can't Fly on) After five years of imprisonment, the Supreme
Ipinanganak ang Isang Kaaway sa Court allowed Hernandez to post bail on June 20,
Sosyedad (An Enemy of the Society is 1956. He then resumed his journalistic career and
Born) wrote a column for the Tagalog tabloid Taliba. He
Magpinsan (Cousins) would later be conferred awards in prestigious
literary contests, like the Commonwealth Literary
Plays Contest (twice), Don Carlos Palanca Memorial
His plays are mostly based on his experiences Awards (four times) and journalism awards given
in prison. by the National Press Club of the Philippines (four
Muntinglupa , 1957 times).
Hagdan sa Bahaghari (Stairway to the
Rainbow), 1958 On May 30, 1964, the Supreme Court acquitted
Hernandez in a decision that would be a
Ang Mga Kagalang-galang (The
landmark in Philippine jurisprudence. The case
Venerables), 1959
People of the Philippines vs. Amado V.
Magkabilang Mukha ng Isang Bagol
Hernandez is now a standard case study in
(Two Sides of A Coin), 1960
Philippine law schools.
Essays
Si Atang at ang Dulaan (Atang and the Hernandez continued to write and teach after his
Theater) acquittal. He was teaching at the University of the
Si Jose Corazon de Jesus at ang Ating Philippines when he died on March 24, 1970.
Panulaan (Jose Corazon de Jesus and
Our Poetry) Benigno Juan