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page 1 / 74 Area
Construction A
TYPES OF STRUCTURAL FLOORS

n II
Construction
STRUCTURES
Construction II. Systems. 2nd year

AR012
Construction Area
Academic year: 2015-2016
Revised: 07/10/2015
Authors: Nria Mart
page 2 / 74
Index
1. Definition
2. Requirements
Area
Support
pp
Construction A
Comfort
3. Typologies
One-wayy slabs
Two-way slabs
Dimensioning.
n II
4. Materials
Construction
One-way slabs
Two-way slabs
5. Installation
6. Architectural Design
AR012
7. Information Sources
Definition Requirements Typologies Materials Installation Architectural design Information sources
page 3 / 74
Definition
Area
SECONDARY OR HORIZONTAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM: STRUCTURAL FLOORS

Construction A
A set of structural elements which form the horizontal or inclined plane between beams or structural walls
that allow for use, traffic over them, and provides the support for finishes and enclosures of a building.
n II
Construction
AR012
page 4 / 74
Construction requirements
SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS:
Area
Construction A
Strength CTE EB SE1; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5

Stability CTE EB SE1 ; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5
Compatibility CTE EB SE2 ; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5
MENTAL REQUIREMENTS
Durability CTE EB SE2 ; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5

Fire resistance CTE EB SI 1,2 i 6; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5
n II
Construction
COMFORT REQUIREMENTS:
ENVIROM
Thermal control CTE EB HE 1

Moisture protection CTE EB HS 1 i 5
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Hydrothermal control CTE EB HE 1

Lighting control
Acoustic control CTE EB HR
Others: cultural, social, psychological...
(CTE Cdi
Cdigo T
Tcnico
i ded la
l Edificacin)
Edifi i )
CTE = Technical Building Code
page 5 / 74
SUPPORT REQUIREMENTS:
Area
Construction A
Strength:
In order to maintain its properties while its subjected to certain forces (adm Vs stress).
Stability:
In order to avoid tipping caused by horizontal forces (wind, seismic). Different strategies are
possible according to the structural system. (See lecture notes 1st year).
n II
Compatibility:
p y
Construction
Deformations, dimensional and chemical variation of building elements and materials must be
compatible, for the expected use and during the expected working life of the building.
Durability:
To withstand maintaining its shape and strength, for the duration of its designed service life,
the action of the environment, the physical, chemical, and biological conditions to which it is
AR012
exposed, and which could cause it to deteriorate.

Fi Resistance:
Fire R i t
The structure must maintain its fire resistance and properties for the time laid down in the
corresponding specific regulations (R,E). If necessary, it can also act as a barrier to heat
transfer.
page 6 / 74
Typologies
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012 Slabs constitute a specialized category of bending members.
ONE WAY
ONE-WAY TWO-WAY
A system in which loads are distributed in one A system in which loads are distributed in two
direction or more directions
Floor consisting of a series of linear Floor consisting of: plates (flat slabs), linear
elements, joists, precast slabs or composites elements (waffle slab) or of spherical
profiled steel sheets - concrete. elements (bubble deck)
page 7 / 74 Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
One-Way slab under load

https://www youtube com/watch?v=ANhBeAEo67c
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANhBeAEo67c
Two-Way slab under load

https://www youtube com/watch?v=hcCcSeM1tx4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcCcSeM1tx4
Typologies
page 8 / 74
ONE-WAY
JOIST SLAB CONCRETE:
Area
- PARTLY PRECAST JOIST: REINFORCED JOIST (LATTICE-REINFORCED JOIST)

Construction A
- PARTLY PRECAST JOIST: PRESTRESSED JOIST

- PRECAST JOIST: SELF-SUPPORTING JOIST
- SITE-CAST JOIST
METAL SECTIONS OR PROFILES
TIMBER
PRECAST CONCRETE FLOOR PLATES:

n II
PRESTRESSED HOLLOW-CORE
HOLLOW CORE SLAB
Construction
RIBBED SLABS, PLATE OR DOUBLE-T (TT)

PRE-SLABS: LATTICE GIRDER REINFORCED SLAB
Among others...
COMPOSITE FLOOR SLAB WITH PROFILED STEEL SHEETING

AR012
TIMBER FLOORS
TWO-WAY
FLAT SLAB SOLID REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB

SOLID POSTSTRESSED CONCRETE SLAB
LIGHTENED SLABS
SITE-CAST RIBS (NERVS): WAFFLE-SLAB (OR RIBBED SLAB)
Others : PRECAST PLATES + bubble deck

page 9 / 74
ONE-WAY
One-way typologies
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 10 / 74
ONE-WAY
One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Area
Construction A
EHE 08
CHAPTER 5
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
Article 17. General

n II
Construction
Th structural
The t t l analysis
l i shall
h ll consist
i t iin determining
d t i i the ff t caused
th effects db
by th
the actions
ti on allll or partt off the
th structure,
t t for
f
the purpose of carrying out checks on the Ultimate and Serviceability Limit States.
Article 18. Idealisation of the structure

18.1 Structural models
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In order that the analysis may be carried out, both the geometry of the structure and the actions and the support
conditions shall be idealised by means of a mathematical model capable of accurately reproducing the dominant
structural behavior
behavior. The design and the arrangement of reinforcements must be consistent with the hypotheses of the
calculation model with which the forces have been obtained.
page 11 / 74
ONE-WAY

Idealisation of the structure: structural models
Area
Construction A
Continuous beam
n II
Construction
AR012
page 12 / 74
ONE-WAY

EHE 08
Area
Annex 12. Specific construction and calculation aspects of one-way floor slabs with precast beams
Construction A
(j i t ) and
(joists) dhhollow-core
ll slabs
l b
Simplified method for redistributing stresses in floor slabs:
The values of the moments M1, M2 and M3 for uniformly distributed loads determined analytically.
n II
Construction
AR012
page 13 / 74
JOISTS FLOOR SLABS: Concrete Joists
ONE-WAY
JOISTS (secondary beams)

Area
Construction A
Lattice reinforced Joist Prestressed Joist Self-supporting Joist Site-cast Joist

n II
(partly precast) (partly precast)

Construction
SITE-CAST POURED UPPER CONCRETE SLAB

CONCRETE
AR012
(EHE-08 Chap.12)
page 14 / 74
JOISTS FLOOR SLABS: Infill elements: Hollow block/brick
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
Hollow block/brick
Infill e
element/block: (Joist-to-joist
e e t/b oc (Jo st to jo st infill))
Infill element/block: precast element

AR012
made of brick, concrete, expanded

polystyrene
p y y or other suitable materials,
Function: lightening or collaborating

function, intended to form part, together
with the joists, site-cast top slab and
structural reinforcements, of the
loadbearing assembly of a floor slab
SOLID VAULTED HOLLOW
page 15 / 74
JOISTS FLOOR SLABS: Upper concrete slab, also concrete top slab
ONE-WAY
SITE-CAST POURED UPPER CONCRETE

Area
CONCRETE SLAB
Construction A
n II
Construction
(In the past, known as compression layer) Passive Reinforcement
Site-cast
Site cast reinforced concrete slab (with a Function: absorb negative moments.
moments
distributing mesh and additional In continuous beams deflection is
reinforcement) intended to distribute the compensated.
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various loads applied to the floor slab and

other additional functions as required.
Function:
1. Make joists work together
2. Transverse distribution of local load.
3. Distribute the cracking caused by
shrinkage
g and thermal expansion
p of
concrete.
4. Add strength against horizontal forces.
5. Assure the connection between the
structural floor and the rest of the structure.
page 16 / 74
ONE-WAY
One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSI

Arrangement of longitudinal reinforcements always according to structural analysis.
Area
Construction A
Simplified method for upper longitudinal reinforcements. It is possible to simplify in the case that:
Life load (cat. sobrecrrega dus) <= 1/3 of total load (carga total)
Life load (cat. sobrecrrega dus) <= 3 kN/m2
n II
Construction
AR012
page 17 / 74
Precast concrete plates
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Prestressed Hollow-core Slab

n II
Construction
Precast slab of prestressed concrete

(high strength and reinforced) that
has tubular voids extending over its Ribbed Slabs: Precast pre-slabs. Planks
full length making it much lighter than or Double-T(TT) section. Lattice girder reinforced floors:
solid floor slabs
slabs.
Precast slab of reinforced concrete with
The bottom surface is smooth and Concrete surface element made up of
a 3/4 cm thickness of concrete slab on
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fine whilst the top surface may be precast reinforced or prestressed

the top reinforced with a steel mesh for
smooth or rough. concrete with steel lattice girder ribs.
transverse stiffening and load
The side
Th id jjoints
i t are specially
i ll d
designed
i d di t ib ti
distribution, and
d ttwo equidistant
idi t t ribs
ib
The bottom face is smooth and flat, while
so that, once filled with concrete, they (nerves) 60/70cms reinforced with
can transmit the shear stresses to prestressed steel on its top and bottom the top face is striped or with striations.
adjacent slabs. bars.
Sizes ( may vary ): widths between 80 Sizes (depend on the company); widths
Sizes (depend on the company); widths
and 120 cm and edge height of between 120 and 250 cm and edge
between 120 and 250 cm and edge
15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50 (EFHE) and height of 25,30,35,45,50 cm. The length
heights of 10,..,25,30,35,45cm
60 and 30 cm. The length depends on depends on the project.
the project.
page 18 / 74
Precast concrete plates
ONE-WAY
The site-cast upper concrete slab may be eliminated when no large

Area
lateral or large concentrated loads are acting.

Construction A
In this case, in order to ensure the combined working of the slabs and
the transverse transmission of loads (especially where point or linear
loads are present), a tie shall be fitted in the zone where slabs are
connected to the main beams or walls.
Precast pre-slabs.
pre-slabs
Solid lattice girder floors ( reinforced or pre-
stressed) + upper reinforced concrete slab.
n II
Construction
Plate + site-cast upper concrete slab
Precastt pre-slabs.
P l b
Hollow or lightened lattice girder floors (pre-
stressed) + upper reinforced concrete slab.
AR012
The top slab is very necessary when SIGNIFICANT lateral loads exist.
- Continuity between stretches with negative reinforcements.
- Necessity
N it off upper transverse
t reinforcement
i f t bars.
b
- When large point loads are expected.
- Moving loads (in parking lots)
- In case reinforcement of flat beams is necessary.
- When a cantilever exists and a top p longitudinal
g reinforcement is
necessary.
- When lighter slabs with less edge are preferable.
page 19 / 74
Precast timber element floors
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Timber box-element floors: Keel-type lightened floors: Cross-laminated timber floor

n II
Construction
System of prefabricated structural floors Plywood boards are composed of

High strength elements that consist of
made of solid wood and constructed with wooden piles of crossed conifers and
top and bottom timber boards and ribs
box-like pieces. Lightened slabs which can are glued applying pressure. Due to
of boards of OSB.
save large span lengths. this, they are created to be solid timber
The laminated elements characteristic elements with large dimensions.
-Used in ceilings and roofing of new curve such as the keel of a boat Bottom surface can be placed in order
construction and rehabilitations. creates elements with very high to be seen.
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- Spans with distances greater than 9m stability. Paneled structures composed of 3,5,7,
or more layers depending on its static
g
-Resistance against fire ((until REI 90)) This technology permits large spans;
requirements
requirements.
up to 12m for floors and 30m for roofs.
-Visible surfaces
Maximum measures for panels: length
-Acoustic specifications (absorption or
Edge sizes (depending on the 16.5m and width 2,95m.
attenuation)
company): 228, 280, 380, 405, 485, 560, Edge sizes between 60 - 320mm.
-Thermal
Thermal insulation requirements 615, 730, 785, 800mm and standard Fabricated panels: widths 2.40,
2 40 2.50,
2 50
width: 1200 mm. Lengths from 7.5 to 30 2.72, 2.95 m
Edge sizes (depending on the company):
120,140,160,180,200,220,240,280,320 mm or m, depending on the modules.
standard widths: 200,514,1000mm.
Maximum length of 16m.
page 20 / 74
Timber joists
ONE-WAY
TIMBER JOIST FLOORS

Area
Construction A
Beams made out of timber. I-Beams,

also called I-joists, are beams with
an I-shaped cross-section.
The horizontal elements are known
as flanges, while the vertical
element is called the web. Flanges
are bonded to an Orientated Strand
Board (OSB) web.
n II
Timber II-beams
beams or I-joist:
I joist:
Construction
Profiles with rectangular sections

made out of panels, strips, or glued
timber which are oriented according
to the longitudinal direction of the
profiles and to which we apply heat
and pressure. High and
homogeneous mechanical
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properties which are similar to the

ones in glued laminated timber or
LVL. Structural lattice works are also
used for mediums spans or big
spans for roofs of industrial spaces
and malls.
Thee bea
beams sddimensions
e s o s vary
ay
depending on the lengths of the
spans and the manufacturers
information.
page 21 / 74
Composite floor slab with profiled steel sheeting
ONE-WAY
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
COMPOSITE STEEL SHEETS INCO PROFILED

STEEL SHEETING
MOMENT DISTRIBUTION
REINFORCEMENT MESH CONCRETE
MOMENT
REINFORCEMENT
Area
Superficial elements made out of galvanized profiled metal sheets

sheets.
Construction A
The profiles (or undulations) absorb shearing forces and gains more
inertia. The sheet has ins and outs in order to guarantee a better
adherence with concrete.
This sheet works as a formwork but it is not self-supporting.

Thickness 0,7 / 0,8 / 1,0 / 1,2 mm. Widths of 80cms and standard
lengths between 1-12m.
n II
Construction
Nomenclature (profiled height / distance): PL-60/800
Composite floor slab with profiled steel sheeting:

DISTRIBUTION MESH
CO C
CONCRETE
6 AT 25 CM NEGATIVE
Optimization of the system: steel absorbs tension stresses and REINFORCEMENT
(2 PER RIB)
concrete compressive stresses.
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Concrete slabs: distribution reinforcement (mesh) and negatives

reinforcement.
Edge sizes: 4,6,8,10, and 12 cm.
Additional reinforcing bars: Q (positive) and Fire.
Welded or embedded connectors: joint that permits the construction PROFILE CM 55-880 POSITIVE
REINFORCEMENT
of a composite beam and optimizes the structures support. (1 PER RIB)
page 22 / 74
Composite precast panels
ONE-WAY
Concrete and expanded Polystyrene Concrete and ceramic

Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 23 / 74
TWO-WAY
Area
Two-way
Two way typologies
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 24 / 74
Site-cast concrete: slabs
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
S lid slabs
Solid l b Li ht d slabs
Lightened l b
Top reinforcement
Bottom reinforcement
n II
Construction
Reinforced concrete site-cast slab. (EHE) Its Reinforced concrete site-cast slab
reinforcement is composed of a top grid and a lightened by hollow bricks (usually
bottom passive reinforcement. polystyrene.)
Post-stressed (solid) slab

AR012
Activereinforcement
page 25 / 74
Waffle slabs / Coffered slabs (CAT. Forjat reticular)
TWO-WAY
Site-cast concrete. WAFFLE SLABS.

Area
Construction A
Reinforced concrete site-cast

site cast ribs in ttwo
o directions b 12cms
+ lighteners (removable / hollow bricks)
+ upper reinforced concrete slab with edge size minimum of 5cms.
Waffle slabs with remaining hollow bricks

n II
Construction
Hollow concrete blocks, or polystyrene...

AR012
Waffle slabs with removable pans

Hollow pans which are easily removed from
formworks.
The most common ones are made of polypropylene
although there are other kinds such as metallic,
wooden etc
wooden...etc.
Attention with reinforcement's coverings.
Attention with the setting-out.
page 26 / 74
Lightened plates
TWO-WAY
CONCRETE PLATE + SITE-CAST CONCRETE

Area
Construction A
Concrete plate + lightened slabs with spheres

Bubble deck system.
It is made of a high strength concrete plate (pre-

slab), (width: 3m and thickness 20-45cm) and
lightened with spheres ( 18 - 35 cm) with an upper
n II
site-cast concrete slab.

slab
Construction
AR012
page 27 / 74
Dimensioning: Possiblevalues
Recommendedvalues
TWO-WAY
TYPES centretocentre SpanL EdgeH
distance m m
Area
m
Construction A
Selfsupportingjoist 0.500.80 <6.50 0.200.50

0.70 4.506.00 0.250.40
Partlyprecastprestressedjoist 0.500.80 <6.50 0.200.50

0.70 4.506.00 0.250.40
Hollowcoreslab 0.801.20 <18.00 0.200.60

1.20 7.0013.00 0.250.40
n II
Construction
Latticegirderfloors 1.202.40 < 0.100.60

1.20 0.150.40
Compositefloorslabwithprofiled <5.00 0.100.20

steel sheeting
steelsheeting 3 00 4 00
3.004.00 0 12 0 16
0.120.16
Waffleslabs 0.601.00 <14.00 0.250.60

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0.700.80 6.0012.00 0.300.40
Solid slab
Solidslab <10.00
<10 00 0.150.40
0 150 40
3.008.00 0.200.30
Lightenedslab 0.502.00 <22.00 0.401.20

0.601.20 12.0018.00 0.500.80
Poststressedslab <
8.00
page 28 / 74
Materials
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 29 / 74 Data sheet: characteristics of p

precast concrete structural floors
ONE-WAY
Area
SETTING OUT
Construction A
COLUMNS WILL BE SETTED OUT

CONSIDERING THE INDICATED POINTS AS
FIXED.
n II
Construction
SETTING OUT: SETTING OUT: SETTING OUT:

FACE OF CORNER OF CENTER OF
COLUMN COLUMN COLUMN
AR012
page 30 / 74 Support of lattice reinforced joists on concrete main beam

ONE-WAYS
Area
Construction A
NEGATIVE INTERMEDIATE NEGATIVE

FLAT BEAM REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT FLAT BEAM
INFILLED REINFORCEMENT
JOIST INFILLED
ZONE HOLLOW BLOCK HOLLOW BLOCK ZONE HOLLOW BLOCK
n II
Construction
SINGLE SUPPORT ON FLAT BEAM DOUBLE SUPPORT ON FLAT BEAM

CONNECTED BY INTRODUCTION OF PROJECTING CONNECTED BY INTRODUCTION OF PROJECTING
REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT

REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT
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INFILLED INFILLED
JOIST ZONE HOLLOW BLOCK HOLLOW BLOCK JOIST ZONE
SINGLE SUPPORT ON EDGE BEAM DOUBLE SUPPORT ON EDGE BEAM

CONNECTED BY INTRODUCTION OF PROJECTING CONNECTED BY INTRODUCTION OF PROJECTING
REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT
page 31 / 74 Reinforcement for latice reinforced jjoist and concrete main beam
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 32 / 74 Support
pp of joists
j on concrete main beams
ONE-WAYS
Area
Construction A

FLAT BEAM INFILLED REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT FLAT BEAM REINFORCEMENT
INFILLED
JOIST ZONE HOLLOW BLOCK HOLLOW BLOCK ZONE JOIST
n II
Construction
SINGLE SUPPORT ON FLAT BEAM DOUBLE SUPPORT ON FLAT BEAM

CONNECTED BY OVERLAP CONNECTED BY OVERLAP
CONNECTING CONNECTING NEGATIVE

REINFORCEMENT NEGATIVE INTERMEDIATE REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT
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INFILLED REINFORCEMENT REINFORCEMENT INFILLED

HOLLOW BLOCK ZONE HOLLOW BLOCK JOIST ZONE
HOLLOW BLOCK
SINGLE SUPPORT ON EDGE BEAM DOUBLE SUPPORT ON EDGE BEAM

CONNECTED BY OVERLAP CONNECTED BY OVERLAP
page 33 / 74 Reinforcement for p

prestressed joists
j supported
pp on flat main beam
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 34 / 74 Self-supporting
pp g joist
j supported
pp on a bearing
g wall
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 35 / 74 Different options

p for support
pp of joists
j on bearing
g walls
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
Figure A.12.8.1.a Alignment of ribs

AR012
Figure A.12.8.1.c Oblique meeting point between beams

pp of joists
j in perpendicular
p p directions
ONE-WAY
Area
ANCHORAGE LENGTH
Construction A
INFILLED ZONE
n II
Construction
AR012
INFILLED ZONE
Figure A.12.8.1.b Meeting point between perpendicular floor slabs

page 37 / 74 Constructive p
plan drawing:
g structural joist
j floor. Example:
p
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
plan: joist
j structural floor detail. Example:
p
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
SUPPORT OF JOIST
AR012
page 39 / 74 Manipulation
p of hollow-core slabs
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
pp of hollow-core slabs on concrete flat beams
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Upperdeorcompresin
Capa top Negative
Armaduramoments reinforcement
de momentos negativos Armadura de reparto
Intermediate reinforcement
concrete slab
n II
Construction
A
Armadura
d d
de enlace
l por solapo,
l
Connecting
segn by overlap
la Instruccin reinforcement
vigente
CONTINUITY
Con OF SLABS
continuidad entre tramos SECTION
SeccinTHROUGH AN OPEN
por un alveolo CORE
abierto
Negativede
Armadura moments reinforcement
momentos negativos Intermediate
Armadura de reparto Capa de compresin
Upper or top concrete slab
reinforcement
AR012
Viga
Flatplana
beam Armadura de enlace
Connecting por solapo,
by overlap Relleno
Voids are con opened
hormignon ALVEOPLACA
segn la Instruccin vigente
reinforcement de
itslos alveolos,
upper side and HOLLOW-CORE SLAB
abiertos superiormente
filled with concrete
en
andla longitud necesaria
connecting
Seccin THROUGH
SECTION por un alveolo abierto
AN OPEN CORE para alojar la armadura
rebar.
d enlace
de l por solapo
l
pp of hollow-core slabs on concrete edge
g beams
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Top part of the edge

beam concreted after
Parte superior de la viga, Upper or top concrete slab
Capa de compresin
Negative moments negativos placing hollow-core
que se hormigonar despus
Armadura de momentos slab.
de colocar la Alveoplaca. Intermediate
Armadura reinforcement
de reparto
reinforcement
ALVEOPLACA
n II
HOLLOW-CORE SLAB
Construction
Bottom part of the edge beam

Stirrups
Estribos de la viga
concreted
Parte before
inferior de la viga,placing hollow-core
hormigonada
slab.
antes de colocar la Alveoplaca.
Seccin
SECTIONporTHROUGH
la junta entre
THE alveoplacas
JOINT BETWEEN HOLLOW-CORE SLABS
Armadura de
Top part of the edge beam concreted
Parte superior de la viga, que se hormigonar
Negativenegativos
momentos moments reinforcement
after placing
despus hollow-core
de colocar slab.
la Alveoplaca. Capa de compresin
Upper or top concrete slab
AR012
Armadura de reparto
Intermediate reinforcement
ALVEOPLACA
HOLLOW-CORE SLAB
Bottom part of the edge beam

concreted
co
Parte c etedde
inferior be
before
laoviga,
ep placing
ac g hollow-core
o o co e
hormigonada
antes de colocar la Alveoplaca.
slab.
Seccin por
SECTION la junta entre
THROUGH alveoplacas
THE JOINT BETWEEN HOLLOW-CORE SLABS
page 42 / 74 Reinforcement of hollow-core slabs and concrete beams

ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Negative
g moments reinforcement
Armadura de momentos negativos
n II
Construction
Armadura de enlace
Connecting por solapo,
by overlap reinforcement
segn la Instruccin vigente
Top part
Parte of thede
superior edge beam
la viga,
Armadura de concreted
que after placing
se hormigonar hollow-
despus
Negative moments reinforcement
momentos negativos decore slab. la Alveoplaca
colocar
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ALVEOPLACA Relleno con hormign de los alveolos,

HOLLOW-CORE SLAB Voids are opened on its upper side and filled
abiertos en la longitud necesaria para
with concrete and negative moments rebar.
alojar la armadura de momentos negativos,
y del espacio entre alveoplacas
Estribos de la viga
Stirrups Bottom part ofde
thelaedge
Parte inferior viga,beam concreted
hormigonada
beforede
antes placing
colocarhollow-core
la Al slab
slab.
Alveoplaca.
eoplaca
Con continuidad
CONTINUITY OF SLABS entre tramos Seccin
SECTION porAN
unOPEN
SECTION THROUGH
BY alveolo
ANVOIDabierto
OPEN CORE
page 43 / 74 Reinforcement of hollow-core slabs

ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 44 / 74 Reinforcement and concreting

g of hollow-core slabs
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 45 / 74 Collection of ribbed slabs ( section or Double-T section))

ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
pp of ribbed slabs ( / Double-T / TT section)) on concrete beams
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Negative moments reinforcement M h

Mesh
n II
Construction
Formwork
AR012
Formwork
page 47 / 74 Collection of lattice g

girder pre-slabs
p
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
pp of lattice girder
g pre-slabs
p on concrete main beams
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
Electro welded Mesh

Negative moments reinforcement
Negative moments reinforcement Beam Mesh
n II
Construction
AR012
Negative moments reinforcement Beam Mesh

pp of lightened
g lattice girder
g pre-slabs
p on concrete main beams
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
ELECTRO
Negative moments Infilled zone WELDED MESH Negative moments
reinforcement Beam reinforcement
n II
Construction
Connecting
reinforcement
AR012
Infilled zone
Negative moments
reinforcement Beam
Connecting
reinforcement
page 50 / 74 Installation of lightened

g lattice girder
g slabs
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 51 / 74
Composite floor slab with profiled steel sheeting
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 52 / 74 Connectors for p

profiled sheets with steel sections, on composites
p steel floors
ONE-WAY
CLOSING ADDITIONAL
Area
CONNECTORS NEGATIVES
REINFORCEMENT
Construction A
MESH
PROFILED SHEET STRUCTURE
n II
Construction
AR012
page 53 / 74
Constructive plan: Composite structural floor slab with profiled steel sheeting
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 54 / 74 Constructive details of composite

p structural floor
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
U2
Diapositiva 54
U2 posar imatges millors

Usuari; 07/11/2012
page 55 / 74 Materials
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 56 / 74 Detail of p
punching
g cross and edge
g beam
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 57 / 74 Detail of an abacus

TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
plan: waffle slabs plan
p
TWO-WAY
NERVE TYPE IN SUPPORT BAND NERVE TYPE IN CENTRAL BAND

Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 59 / 74 Details of capitals

p and abacus on waffle slabs
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
Abacus or DROP PANELS.

slab area situated around a support or pillar,
which increases (or infills when being a
lightened slab) to improve their resistance to
shear.
n II
Construction
AR012
Capital.
Widening of the head of a support or
column that serves to join this and the
slab
page 60 / 74 Details of capitals

p and abacus on waffle slabs
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
Habitatges a la Vila Olmpica. Barcelona.1988. MBM

page 61 / 74 Installation of waffle slabs with hollow bricks of mortar

TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 62 / 74 Installation of an abacus of waffle slabs and removable infill (p

(pans))
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 63 / 74 Steel crosses for abacus when using

g metallic pillars
p
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 64 / 74 Installation of bubble-deck structural floor

TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
A. UNIDIRECCIONAL.
AR012
page 65 / 74 Installation of a p
poststressed concrete slab
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 66 / 74 Detail of the link of a reinforced p

poststressed concrete slab and a pillar
p
TWO-WAY
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 67 / 74 Installation process and execution controls:

TWO-WAY
ONE-WAY
Area
Construction A
1 ARRANGEMENT OF MATERIALS AT WORK (j

1. (joists,
i t h hollow
ll b
bricks,,plates,reinforcements)
i k l t i f t )
2. RECEPTION CONTROL AND TOLERANCES AT RECEPTION
3. FORMWORK AND BRACING
4. PREPARATION OF THE SUPPORT PERIMETER OF STRUCTURAL FLOORS

n II
Construction
5. SETTING-OUT OF JOISTS, PLATES HOLES - ETC
6. REINFORCEMENT CONTROL
7. WATERING
AR012
8. CONCRETE POURING
9. CONCRETE CURING
10. PROTECTION FOR STRUCTURAL FLOORS OF ANY FORCE NOT FORSEEN ON ITS
CALCULATION
11. FINAL WORK DOCUMENTS

page 68 / 74
Architectural design. Example:
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 69 / 74
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 70 / 74
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 71 / 74
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 72 / 74
Area
Construction A
n II
Construction
AR012
page 73 / 74 Information sources

Class bibliography. OBLIGATORY
NORMS. EHE 08:

Area
Construction A
Chapter 12. Structural Members

Annex 12. Specific construction and calculation aspects of one-way floor slabs with precast beams and
hollow-core slabs
Complementary bibliography. RECOMENDED

n II
BOOKS
Construction
CURSO DISEO, CALCULO, CONSTRUCCIN Y PATOLOGIA DE LOS FORJADOS. Alonso Lozano

Martinez-Luengas.
TRATADO DE CONSTRUCCIN. Autor Heinrich Schmitt, Andreas Heene
DETAILS
Detalles arquitectnicos. Calatrava. CYPE. any 2002
AR012
WEB PAGES
www.atefor.es www.upcommons.upc.edu
www.aidepla.org www.bubbledeck.com
www.hormipresa.es www.demasiado.com/forjados/tipologia
page 74 / 74
Lecture:
How does a prestressed concrete beam work?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pjwrXLWhISE
How to fit more floors into less space (construction)

Area
https://www youtube com/watch?v=xH26K3zpnR0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xH26K3zpnR0
Construction A
Execution of one-way floor slab

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BD1cW5KJkvo
Others:
n II
BASENET, Forjado Aligerado T.667

BASENET T 667 582103
Construction
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2h0KWZYtzxA
Bovedilla Polipropileno ( forjado sanitario 2 ) Lomar KP1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5Sdu3dyk84
Post tension concrete construction
AR012
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JsuNg5r4Is
Precast hollowcore brisbane
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=txciutEpRH4

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page 1 / 74 Area

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL FLOORS

Construction II. Systems. 2nd year

SECONDARY OR HORIZONTAL STRUCTURAL SYSTEM: STRUCTURAL FLOORS

Strength CTE EB SE1; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5

Durability CTE EB SE2 ; EHE-08 Chap.1. Art 5

Thermal control CTE EB HE 1

Hydrothermal control CTE EB HE 1

exposed, and which could cause it to deteriorate.

One-Way slab under load

Two-Way slab under load

- PARTLY PRECAST JOIST: REINFORCED JOIST (LATTICE-REINFORCED JOIST)

- PARTLY PRECAST JOIST: PRESTRESSED JOIST

METAL SECTIONS OR PROFILES

PRECAST CONCRETE FLOOR PLATES:

RIBBED SLABS, PLATE OR DOUBLE-T (TT)

COMPOSITE FLOOR SLAB WITH PROFILED STEEL SHEETING

FLAT SLAB SOLID REINFORCED CONCRETE SLAB

SITE-CAST RIBS (NERVS): WAFFLE-SLAB (OR RIBBED SLAB)

Others : PRECAST PLATES + bubble deck

One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Article 17. General

Article 18. Idealisation of the structure

One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

JOISTS (secondary beams)

Lattice reinforced Joist Prestressed Joist Self-supporting Joist Site-cast Joist

(partly precast) (partly precast)

SITE-CAST POURED UPPER CONCRETE SLAB

Infill element/block: precast element

made of brick, concrete, expanded

Function: lightening or collaborating

SITE-CAST POURED UPPER CONCRETE

(In the past, known as compression layer) Passive Reinforcement

various loads applied to the floor slab and

One-way typologies: STRUCTURAL ANALYSI

Prestressed Hollow-core Slab

Precast slab of prestressed concrete

fine whilst the top surface may be precast reinforced or prestressed

The site-cast upper concrete slab may be eliminated when no large

lateral or large concentrated loads are acting.

Plate + site-cast upper concrete slab

Timber box-element floors: Keel-type lightened floors: Cross-laminated timber floor

System of prefabricated structural floors Plywood boards are composed of

TIMBER JOIST FLOORS

Beams made out of timber. I-Beams,

Profiles with rectangular sections

properties which are similar to the

COMPOSITE STEEL SHEETS INCO PROFILED

Superficial elements made out of galvanized profiled metal sheets

This sheet works as a formwork but it is not self-supporting.

Nomenclature (profiled height / distance): PL-60/800

Composite floor slab with profiled steel sheeting:

Concrete slabs: distribution reinforcement (mesh) and negatives

Additional reinforcing bars: Q (positive) and Fire.

Concrete and expanded Polystyrene Concrete and ceramic

Post-stressed (solid) slab

Site-cast concrete. WAFFLE SLABS.

Reinforced concrete site-cast

Waffle slabs with remaining hollow bricks

Hollow concrete blocks, or polystyrene...

Waffle slabs with removable pans

CONCRETE PLATE + SITE-CAST CONCRETE