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ECO-TOWN PLANNING IN

HO CHI MINH CITY


Via Integrated solid waste management
HOCHIMINHCITY LOCATION
GENERAL INFORMATION
Ho Chi Minh city is VietNams center of
economic, cultural, education, science and
technology
2,094 square kilometers and more than 9
million inhabitants
Average GDP growing rate: > 12%
GDP/person : 2.800 USD (2010)
Contribute ~30% national budget
CURRENT
MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
MUNICIPAL
SOLID WASTE Generation
source
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Storage at source

Collection

Transfer Recovery, reuse,


Transport recycling

Sanitary landfill
Sources
521
Public areas
Residential
area
70-80%

53.600
2.591 Industrial
Office area production

2.139 346 Commercial areas


354.661
Education, 218 Markets
Restaurants,
Training, 128 Supermarkets,
Hotels
Research commercial
areas complexes
Composition

From 50-65%: Bio-degradable organic waste


household 25%: Recyclable waste

Scavengers classify and collect


valuable components

At
90 - 95%: Bio-degradable organic waste
landfills
Quantity COLLECTION

(2012) about 7.200


7.400 tons/day
with a 6-8% annual
growth rate
GENERATED

About 0,7 1,0 kg


solid waste /capita-
day, in some areas
up to 1,2 1,4 kg
/capita day
Collection at source
At source collectors

Groups of private solid waste Manpower: 5.300


collectors
5.500 people
Equipments:
District-level public service (1) 660L hand-pushed
companies carts;
(2) tri-motorcycles,
Cooperatives tut-tuts;
(3) half-ton trucks
Transfer- Transport
Rendezvous Transport Transfer station

- 3 operators:
- About 250 300 Citenco. (53%), - Amount: 45
rendezvous sites. District Public sites
- Often relocated Service Co. (30%), - Capacity:
because of & Industrial from over 10
complaints of low Argicultural Coop 20 tons/day
environmental (17%). to 1.000
quality. 1.500
- Transport tons/day
means: 261
vehicles.
Treatment & Landfill
Solid waste treatment complex

- North West Cu Chi 687 ha : landfill and


composting plant
- Da Phuoc 370 ha : landfill
- Treatment technology: sanitation landfill
(90% total quantity) and composting
(10% total quantity).
Scavengers

Including:
(1) Scavengers at sources (5.300
5.500 people);
(2) Workers in purchasing and
recycling hub facilities (6.000 7.000
people);
(3) Separators and purchasing agents
at district level (500 1.000 people).
Recycling
1. Executive agencies: ~ 1,200 factories
2. Manpower: ~ 16,000
3. Recyclable material: 12-18 types
4. Simple technologies and low investment
CHALLENGES
SW Separation at source
LEADS TO
Difficulties in
producing high
quality compost,
IMPLEMENT esp. with growing
quantities of
Pilot programs hazardous waste
in 2003 and 2008

Still unable to
implement official
program due to
many reasons
At-source collection
At-source collection

60-70% of SW are collected


by private collector groups
Causing difficulties
for:
30-40% by district-level -SW Separation at
public service companies source
-Modernizing and
increasing efficiency
Lack of organization of SW transit-
transport system
Transfer - Transport
Performed by Informal waste collectors, 22 Public service
Co.s, Urban Environment Co.,Industrial-Agricultural Coop
The
task Lack of planning for transit stations and best transport
routes

Problem Difficult to synchronize, modernize and


increase efficiency
Recycling

Difficulties

- Recycling facilities: Small-scale,


out-of-date technologies
- No specific support activity from
city for recycling task
- No area planned specifically for
recycling facilities
Treatment
Current 90% of domestic waste goes to sanitary landfills

Problem
Look for modern
technology,
higher recycling
Create a landfill circulation system Priorities capability,
incl. LFG-to-electricity generation, suitable
composting & recycling valuable investment cost &
waste into materials. expenses
Human Resource
Human Resource in the SWM field
Most crucial factor in order to complete the solid
waste management system of HCMC
Currently lacking and undertrained, not meeting
expectation
GENERATION
PLANNING OF MUNICIPAL SOURCE
SOLID WASTE - SW Separation at source
- Applying SW collection fee
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

STORAGE AT
Planning SOURCE Improving 3R
rendezvous and system
tranfer station

COLLECTION
TRANFER - RECOVERY, REUSE,
TRANSPORT RECYCLING

TREATMENT
Using sustainable
treatment technology
MSW MANAGEMENT PLANNING
SW Separation at source

2011-2015: Implement for trade, services


and public sector; Complete Regulations
on SW at source

2016-2020 Implement for residential areas

2020-2025 Implement for the rest residential


areas
MSW MANAGEMENT PLANNING
Transfer and Transport

2011-2015: Support to improve


Informal collector system;
Planning of Transfer station;

2016-2020: Establish formal


collector org.; Waste
transportation route planning

2020-2025: Modernize collection


and transportation sys.; Build
new transfer station
MSW MANAGEMENT PLANNING
3-R

2011-2015: Support recycling


facilities to deal environmental
issues; Establish Recycling
Association.

2016-2025: Moving recycling


facilities to Waste Treatment
Complex
MSW MANAGEMENT PLANNING
-Reduce to 75 - 80% of MSW amount goes to
2011-2015: sanitary landfills + LFG recovery
- Improve Composting plant capacity

- Apply Incineration plant


2015-2020: - Improving SWM management by IT

- Open new Waste treatment Complex


2020-2025:
CONCLUSION
HCMC towards the future
- Currently improving a technical system from generation
sources to SW treatment complexes towards increased
recycling, low emission & sustainable development.
- Can safely manage domestic waste until 2030.
- With the addition of separation at source
program, 3Rs, advanced recycling and
treatment technologies: Can safely manage
domestic waste until 2050.
- Improving staff management capacity is
also crucial.

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