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LUCKNOW (INDIA) VOL. 23, No. 3 July, 2017
IN THIS ISSUE
SIXTH INTERNATIONAL
Letters 02 CONFERENCE ON PLANTS &
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (ICPEP-6)
News Flash 04 (Pre-registration open. Detailed information available on our website)
Organizing Secretaries
News & Views 08
Dr. R.D Tripathi Dr. Nandita Singh Dr. Vivek Pandey
(Emeritus Scientist CSIR) (Consultant Scientist (Senior Principal Scientist
Additional Secretary, ISEB CSIR-NBRI) CSIR-NBRI)
Conferences 12
Joint Secretary, ISEB Joint Secretary, ISEB
Books 12
Website of the Conference: http://isebindia.com
Mailing address: Organizing Secretaries, ICPEP-6,
CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute,
Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow-226001, India
Phone: +91-522-2297821/2297825/2297929/2297931;
Fax: 91-522-2205836/2205839
E-mail ID/online submission: icpep6@gmail.com
Human civilization has, made an There is clear evidence to show that melted asphalt and had to struggle to
impressive progress to achieve climate change is happening. Since the free their shoes.
economic wellbeing and all-round industrial revolution, atmospheric Currently, one third of humans have
development that has certainly made concentrations of greenhouse gases inadequate access to clean, fresh water.
life a lot more comfortable. However, (GHGs) are now at their highest level The number is expected to increase up
this progress has come at enormous for hundreds of thousands of years. to two thirds by 2050. Some experts
cost to the environment that often There is an overwhelming scientic believe that in the near future water will
negates the advantages of economic consensus that climate change is become a commodity just like Gold
growth. The term environment refers to primarily due to the use of fossil fuels, and Oil. Some experts say that wars will
everything that is around us, land, which releases carbon dioxide and be fought over who owns the water
water, atmosphere, plants and animal other greenhouse gases into the supply.
life. In fact, environment is the main atmosphere. The CO2 concentration in In India, water availability is becoming
supplier of vital resources that we need the atmosphere is now, and the average increasingly crucial because per capita
to survive. It is no wonder that the other temperature at the earth's surface is availability of water in the country has
planets have no life simply because now about 1C higher over the last sharply declined as a result of
their environments cannot sustain life. century. Ambient temperature data population growth. Most of our rivers
It is a truth that ecosystems and its show that 13 of the 14 warmest years on are in varying degrees of decline and
peoples are bound together in a record have occurred in the 21st distress. Over seventy percent water
tenuous symbiosis. The industrial century, and in the last 30 years each bodies in the country have been
society is increasingly destroying this decade has been hotter than the polluted or drained. Large volumes of
relationship giving rise to many previous one. Rising ambient untreated efuents are drained into
complex environmental problems of far temperature affect crop yields globally, rives, and water bodies. Most of the
reaching consequences. In addition, with all other factors being equal. Some Indian rivers are thoughtlessly used for
the unintended and unanticipated studies have estimated that the crop disposing raw sewage and untreated
environmental and social damage yields may drop by about 10 percent by efuents. It is obvious that water of most
caused by the prevalent paradigm of 2050. Apple cultivation in Himachal of our rivers is unt for drinking, and in
economic development has resulted in Pradesh has suffered adversely from many stretches not even t for bathing.
complex environmental problems that rising temperature, affecting livelihood Despite various efforts, pollution of
seriously undermine food security, of lakhs of farmers. For apple trees Ganga and other rivers continue to
water security and biodiversity. The winter temperature and precipitation in remain a major challenge.
main problems threatening life support the form of snow are critically Sea level is rising: The latest
system of our planet are elaborated in important to ensure normal owering measurements show that the average
the following paragraphs. and fruiting in apples. Apple trees sea level is currently 50 mm higher than
The biggest issue facing the requires over 1200 hr. of chilling for in 1993. According to a United
environment is over population of satisfactory owering and fruiting. Nation's forecast, sea levels are likely to
humans. The global population has Relatively warmer December and rise well over 50 cm by 2100, posing
more than tripled in the last 60 years January fails to provide the critical serious threat to coastal communities.
placing stress on every aspect of the chilling requirements. Data of last thirty Half of the 10 largest cities in the world,
environment. Ever increasing area of years show that apple crop is getting including Mumbai, Kolkata, New York
land is being taken up by urbanization adversely affected in all apple growing City, French Riviera and one-third of
and human settlements to regions (Shimla, Kullu, Lahaul and the world's 30 largest cities are already
accommodate the fast growing Spiti) as a result of relatively faster threatened by sea level rise.
population. warming of the Himalayan region than The Maldives, a chain of 1,200 islands
Rising levels of carbon dioxide and most places in the world. and coral atolls, about 500 miles from
other gases, such as methane, in the This year in early May, blistering the tip of India, is one of the lowest
atmosphere create a 'greenhouse summer heat melted the asphalt roads countries on the planet, with an
effect', trapping the Sun's energy and in Valsad, Gujarat, resulting into a life average land level of 1.5 m above sea
causing the earth and oceans to warm. threatening situation for pedestrians, level, may disappear, if the present
The higher the amounts of greenhouse who found it difcult to walk as their pace of global warming continues
gases in the atmosphere, the warmer shoes got awkwardly stuck in the unabated.
the earth becomes.
*Reproduced from Employment News, New Delhi
ENVIRONEWS, July 2017 5
The chemistry of the oceans is also and ash ooding. change. When a species become
changing as they absorb much of the Growing populations and rapidly extinct, it has a knock on effect in the
excess carbon dioxide being emitted expanding urbanization and food chain upsetting the structure and
into the atmosphere. This is causing the infrastructure are making the societies function of ecosystem, which have
oceans to become acidic more rapidly more vulnerable to extreme weather developed through a long process of
than at any point in the last 65 million events. More extreme weather events evolution. The biological, chemical,
years. Increasing acidity is highly are being seen around the world. Heat and physical interactions between the
damaging to marine food-chains and waves have become more frequent and components of an ecosystem (e.g., soil,
ocean productivity. are lasting longer. Warming is expected water, plants, animals and
Climate change promotes melting of to cause more intense, heavy rainfall microorganisms) produce a variety of
polar ice-caps, which in turn events. Recent devastating oods in services in the form of oxygen needed
contributes to rise in sea level. As the Chennai were to a large extent due to for breathing and fuel combustion,
Arctic warms, sea ice is rapidly the building of the cyber city in a low clean water, carbon sequestration, soil
decreasing. Over the past 20 years the lying area without worrying about the fertility and control of soil erosion
ice sheets in Greenland and the local ecological and hydrological among others. Another critically
Antarctic have shrunk, as have most features. Accordingly, a heavy spell of important ecosystem service for
glaciers around the world. rain ooded the area causing enormous humans is pollination. It is the transfer
India has 5243 glaciers covering an hardships to residents and ofce goers, of pollen from the producing anthers to
area of 37579 km2 and containing apart from substantial economic loss to the receptive stigma which is an
142.88 km2 of ice. The Gangotri glacier, individuals, institutions, entrepreneurs essential step for sexual reproduction
the source of the Ganga is receding at a and public exchequer. In future leading to fruit and seed formation in
rapid pace. Some of the most extreme events are expected to become owering plants. Success of pollen
devastating effects of glacial meltdown more common, more intense and more transfer to stigma is directly related to
occur when glacial lakes overow and frequent and this needs to take into yield for all crops in which the
burst and give rise to disastrous oods account in future development. pollination is a prerequisite for sexual
downstream. The 2013 Uttarakhand According to the UN projection, the reproduction. Rapid and large changes
disaster resulted from heavy cloudburst global population is expected grow in global temperatures, 4oC or more,
coupled with collapsing of an upstream from 7 billion in 2012 to 9.3 billion by above the pre-industrial temperature,
glacial lake. Episodes of extreme 2050. In spite of growing economic could cause mass extinction of species
rainfall events and cloudburst cases prosperity and technological progress and collapse of ecosystem services and
have increased and they are likely to be approximately 870 million people jeopardize human survival.
more frequent in the coming years. remain undernourished even today. The desperate scenario presented by
Floods have become more frequent and The question of food security, hunger, the environment challenges can be
affect the maximum number of people malnutrition, poverty and parity are reversed and turned into opportunity,
in the world. Many of the fastest high on the global agenda. provided urgent and concerted actions
developing cities in coastal areas, India with a population of 1.2 billion is are taken simultaneously on multiple
means that more people, infrastructure, the second largest populous country of fronts. Environmental conservation and
and buildings are vulnerable to the the world and likely to touch 1.6 billion effective use of ecosystem services
ooding caused by storm surges or by 2030, surpassing China. Despite must receive highest priority and
cyclones, and sea level rise. Even if not economic growth and self-sufciency should be the under lying theme of all
on the coast, cities have sprawled onto in food grain production, high level of development activity. We have to make
oodplains and wetlands. There is food insecurity and malnutrition an all-out effort to decarbonize the
simply more stuff, more people, more persists in the country. economy, increase resource use
industries, more infrastructures and Forests are natural sinks of carbon efciency, protect biodiversity and
more investment in coastal areas than dioxide and produce fresh oxygen, ecosystem services for the benet of
few decades ago. Globally exposure help in regulating temperature and present and future generations. Paris
and vulnerability of coastal rainfall, but getting destroyed without climate agreement, and global
communities have increased manifold. realizing that there is no substitute for agreement on sustainable development
Changing rainfall patterns will affect the services they provide. Trees are goals SGDs, are very encouraging
water supplies. Too much rainfall in now dying globally at a rate never seen developments. We must support these
some areas, and not enough in others, before. Since 1990 half of the world's initiatives and resolve to protect Mother
will contribute to both ood and rain forests have been destroyed. Earth Our only home - from
drought conditions. We are already Currently, many plants and animals are environmental abuse and commit to
seeing increasing numbers of heavy in danger of becoming extinct, either work for improving quality of life and
rainfall events, and expect this increase from being forced out of their habitats human well-being.
to continue, with greater risk of river by anthropogenic actions or by climate
This article has been written in two 'BMC Pharmacology hesperidin' Advantages of Lemon bath
parts. Part 1 consists of scientic lemon peels lower the blood and liver Discard LIRIL, forget BATH SOAP,
composition and benets of drinking cholesterol and is benecial to fatty Refresh yourself with Lemon water!
lemon juice. The second part has lever disease. Have eco-friendly, economic bath and
explored a new world of benets of 2. Citrus avonoids improve digestion conserve water.
having lemon bath as the increasing with warm lemon water. Zest of the 1.3 billion family members of the
trend of global warming and lemon improves the good bacteria in Indian Nation and 7.65 billion world
diminishing rainfall demand this the gut. citizens need not spend their valuable
research. 3. Alkalize with Lemon water alkalinity money on purchasing bath soaps.
Lemon juice contains Protein, fat and neutralizes acid in the body. Lemon Taking bath with lemon water will be
Carbohydrate and is full of calories and water helps the ph range to keep suitable for the environment and socio
bre. Lemon is also rich in minerals like between 4.6 to 8.0 and thus neutralizes economic condition of India and
potassium, sodium, calcium, the negative effects. Achieving healthy similarly placed people.
phosphorus and magnesium. Lemon alkalinity benets the bone health, Have a lemon tree.
fullls the mineral components reduces muscle wasting, decreases (1) (a) One lemon tree produces
normally decient in RO water or rain chances of hypertension and strokes enormous lemons, enough to save the
water. Vitamins found in lemons are and also improves memory. expenditure on bath soaps of at least
Vitamin A, Beta Carotene, Vitamins E, 4. Weight loss/appetite suppressant- two families. I have been (b) taking bath
D and C. pectin and polyphenols found in and (c) washing my face by lemon
Benets of Lemon water: Lemon adds lemons reduce excess weight and has water only.
vitality and has incredible cleansing also the appetite suppressing quality. (2) Lemon tree grows in every district
effects on the body and has the power The studies of Florida State University rather in every block/village of India
to heal us. Hence, incorporate lemon conrm it. Keep a record of your mood and it grows any where easily.
water into our daily life. Experience enhancement after 2 weeks after (3) While taking bath with a soap you
after 14 days of having lemon juice and experiencing the positive benets one have to spend more water on washing
taking juice and lemon peel oil water experience from lemon. the residues of the soap from the body.
bath. 5. Reduce wrinkles and improve your But if you take bath with lemon water
Botanically, lemon is known as Citrus skin after having lemon bath. Lemon you can save 50 to 70 percent of the
limon. It originated in India in the foot has anti-ageing properties. Lemon quantity of water spent on having a
hills of Himalayas and the spread out. derived antioxidants are able to reverse soap-bath.
Two main types of lemon are Lisbon the breakdown of collagen bers in the (4) It has been a problem to decompose
and Eureka. Lemons are rich in Vitamin skin. Collagen gives skin its strength the grey water (Soap water). One
C which is essential for normal growth structure and plumpness and protects cannot recharge the grey water into the
and development. Vitamin C has a the skin from toxins. Our body is ground. This lemon-water-waste down
myri ad of heal t h benet s f rom exposed to drugs, radiation, pesticides, the bath room can be recharged easily
protecting against pre natal problems, pollutants, solvents, alcohol, tobacco, into the ground as this is eco-friendly.
cardiovascular disease, cancer, eye smoke pollution and even foods we eat. The soapy water acts as a lm which
diseases, skin wrinkles and immune 6. Add half or one lemon to one bucket hinders the speed of water recharging.
system deciencies .It is an antioxidant, full of water and take bath. The negative (5) After taking bath with a soap you
and hence, helps protect cells from effects of environmental hazards will have to spend more time in cleaning
damage caused by free radicals. be washed off. The essential lemon oils your ear off the residue of the soap. You
Unique health benets of Lemon: coming out of the peels of the lemon get relieved of this problem when you
1. The citrate of lemon water is a natural has antimicrobial activities against bad use lemon water.
detoxicant and ushes out the bacteria, yeast and fungi. The sciatic (6) There will be no need of acidic
unwanted toxins from the body. nerve damage gets reduced through material used in decomposing this grey
According to 2002 edition of 'European lemon use. Use of lemon oil regulates water. The acid acts as a poison to the
Journal of Nutrition', and 'Indian energy stores. environment. This grey water produced
research Journal in 2005 edition of at present needs STPs (Sewage
*The author, a well known crusader of water harvesting, is Additional Director General of Police, U.P.
Banned pesticides continue to affect surface runoff is high, and during a monitoring programmes which
toxicity in streams period of low precipitation, when estimate the ecotoxicity of streams be
groundwater was expected to be the adjusted to reect this. Furthermore,
The green revolution in the 1940s
largest source of inow to the streams. they advise that a greater research
produced many effective and
Twelve of the streams were located in emphasis be put on the analysis of
apparently safe pesticides, including
catchments where agriculture groundwater, often presumed to
synthetic insecticides such as DDT.
represents 80% or more of land use. contain low levels of pollution. They
Many of these chemicals were later
Water samples were collected from also highlight that pesticides bound in
discovered to have toxic effects, such as
2010 to 2012 mostly during May and particular to suspended sediments were
carcinogenicity, and subsequently
June, the main periods when pesticides a major source of predicted toxicity and
banned from use. Another important
are applied to crops. The total toxicity need to be further studied
issue is persistence; their long lifetimes
was assumed to be the sum of the Source: Science for environment
means some of these so-called 'legacy'
individual toxicities of all pesticides policy
pesticides can persist in the
detected, neglecting any enhanced or
environment several decades after their Secrets of tea plant revealed by
reduced toxicity which may occur
use is prohibited. science
when different pesticides interact. A
Researchers examined the presence of
total of 32 pesticides were detected. A team of research scientists from
both contemporary and legacy
Two of the four most commonly Kunming Institute of Botany, China has
pesticides in 14 streams in Denmark,
detected were dinitro-ortho-cresol and decoded the genetic building blocks of
and used their results to predict the
trichloroacetic acid. the tea plant, Camellia sinensis, whose
overall toxicity of the streams. They
The study indicates that, alongside leaves are used for all types of tea,
looked at both the inuence of surface
contemporary pesticides, legacy including black, green and oolong. The
run-off and groundwater on
pesticides, and the compounds research gives an insight into the
concentrations in streams by taking
produced as they break down, remain a chemicals that give tea its avour. Until
samples in the streams shortly after
hazard to aquatic environments. The now, little has been known about the
periods of high precipitation, when
researchers recommend that
FORTHCOMING EVENT
Clean and Green Environmental Society (CGES), Lucknow is organizing National Conference on Climate Change,
Environmental Pollution and Biodiversity Conservation in collaboration with CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute
(CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow during 17-18 February, 2018.
Website: cgesindia.org
OBITUARY
ISEB deeply mourns the sad demise of Dr. Ms. Shashi Dhawan who passed away in a local nursing home
on 18 April 2017 after a protracted illness. As one of the founder members and an Executive Councilor, she
was actively involved in all activities of ISEB during her 22 years' long association with this Society.
Dr. Dhawan began her career as a Scientist at the National Research Laboratory for Conservation of
Cultural Property (NRLC), Lucknow, a prestigious Institute of the country under the Government of India.
A trained plant pathologist, she made outstanding contributions in the eld of 'Conservation biology'
including restoration of heritage buildings, old publications, documents and paintings. In view of her
experience and expertise she was also deputed to several foreign countries for restoration work. She retired from NRLC as
Head, Bio-deterioration Division.
She was one of the founders of International Council for Biodeterioration of Cultural Property, of which she was the
President since 2015 till her death. Under the aegis of this organization, she successfully organized several International
Conferences in India and abroad.
May her soul rest in peace.