S GIO DC V O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12

PH TH THPT CP TNH NM HC 2016 2017

Mn: HA HC
MINH HA
( c 06 trang)

Cho nguyn t khi:

C = 12; O = 16; H = 1; Mg = 24; Cu = 64; N = 14; Cl = 35,5; Ba = 137; Fe = 56; S = 32;
Na = 23; Al = 27; Cu = 64; Ag = 108; Cl = 35,5; Zn = 65; Pb = 207;Mn = 55; He =4; Ca =
40; K=39; Br = 80.
I. PHN TRC NGHIM KHCH QUAN (16,0 im)
Cu 1: Mi phn t XY3 c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron bng 196, trong s ht
mng in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 60. S ht proton ca nguyn t X t hn s ht
proton ca nguyn t Y l 4. Thc hin phn ng: X + HNO3 T + NO + N2O + H2O. Bit
t l mol ca NO v N2O l 3:1. Tng h s (nguyn, ti gin) ca cc cht trong phn ng
trn l
A. 143. B. 145. C. 146. D. 144.
Cu 2: Nhit phn hon ton m gam hn hp X gm KNO3 v Fe(NO3)2 . Hn hp kh thu
c em dn vo bnh cha 2 lt H2O th khng thy kh thot ra khi bnh. Dung dch thu
c c gi tr pH = 1 v ch cha mt cht tan duy nht, gi thit coi th tch dung dch
khng thay i, gi tr m l
A. 28,1. B. 23,05. C.46,1. D.38,2.
Cu 3: Cho cc th nghim sau:
(1) O3 tc dng vi dung dch KI.
(2) F2 tc dng vi hi nc.
(3) Axit HF tc dng vi SiO2.
(4) un nng dung dch bo ha gm NH4Cl v NaNO3.
(5) KMnO4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c, un nng.
(6) Cho kh NH3 i qua CuO nung nng.
(7) Kh SO2 tc dng vi dung dch H2S.
(8) in phn nng chy NaCl.
(9) Nung hn hp qung photphorit, ct v than cc.
S th nghim to ra n cht l
A. 6. B. 5. C. 8. D. 7.
Cu 4: Cho 46,8 gam hn hp CuO v Fe3O4 (t l mol 1:1) tan ht trong dung dch H2SO4
long, va , thu c dung dch A. Cho m gam Mg vo A, sau khi phn ng kt thc thu
c dung dch B. Thm dung dch KOH d vo B c kt ta D. Nung D trong khng kh
n khi lng khng i, thu c 45,0 gam cht rn E. Gi tr gn nht ca m l
A. 6,6. B. 11,0. C. 13,2. D. 8,8.
Cu 5. Cc nhn xt sau:
(a) Phn m amoni khng nn bn cho loi t chua.
(b) dinh dng ca phn ln c nh gi bng phn trm khi lng photpho.
(c) Thnh phn chnh ca supephotphat kp l Ca(H2PO4)2.CaSO4.
(d) Ngi ta dng loi phn bn cha nguyn t kali tng cng sc chng bnh,
chng rt v chu hn cho cy.
(e) Tro thc vt cng l mt loi phn kali v c cha K2CO3.
(f) Amophot l mt loi phn bn phc hp.
S nhn xt sai l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1
Cu 6. Cho 66,2 gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4, Fe(NO3)2, Al tan hon ton trong dung dch

Trang 1/6 MINH HA

cha 3,1 mol KHSO4 long. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y ch
cha 466,6 gam mui sunfat trung ha v 10,08 lt (ktc) kh Z gm 2 kh trong c mt kh
23
ha nu ngoi khng kh. Bit t khi ca Z so vi He l . Phn trm khi lng ca Al
18
trong hn hp X gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 15. B. 20. C. 25. D. 30.
Cu 7: Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. Bn knh nguyn t ca clo ln hn bn knh nguyn t ca flo.
B. m in ca brom ln hn m in ca iot.
C. Tnh axit ca HCl mnh hn tnh axit ca HF.
D. Tnh kh ca ion Br- ln hn tnh kh ca ion Cl-.
Cu 8. in phn vi in cc tr dung dch cha 0,2 mol Cu(NO3)2, cng dng in
2,68A, trong thi gian t gi, thu c dung dch X. Cho 14,4 gam bt Fe vo X, thu c kh
NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5) v 13,5 gam cht rn. Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton v hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l 100%. Gi tr ca t l
A. 0,60. B. 1,00. C. 0,25. D. 1,20.
Cu 9: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na2O v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch
X trong sut. Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100 ml th bt u xut hin kt
ta; khi ht 300 ml hoc 700 ml th u thu c a gam kt ta, pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Gi tr ca a l 15,6. B. Gi tr ca m l 27,7.
C. Gi tr ca a l 23,4. D. Gi tr ca m l 56,3.
Cu 10: Pht biu no sau y ng
A. Kh CO2 gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh.
B. Kh SO2 gy ra hin tng ma axit.
C. Kh c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl3 v CF2Cl2) ph hy tng ozon.
D. iu ch kim loi Cu, Mg thng bng phng php nhit luyn.
Cu 11: Hn hp X gm hai mui R2CO3 v RHCO3. Chia 44,7 gam X thnh ba phn bng
nhau:
- Phn mt tc dng hon ton vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 35,46 gam kt ta.
- Phn hai tc dng hon ton vi dung dch BaCl2 d, thu c 7,88 gam kt ta.
- Phn ba tc dng ti a vi V ml dung dch KOH 2M.
Gi tr gn nht ca V l
A. 105. B.200. C.150. D. 115.
Cu 12: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau :
(1) Cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2.
(2) Cho dung dch HCl ti d vo dung dch NaAlO2.
(3) Sc kh H2S vo dung dch FeCl2.
(4) Sc kh NH3 ti d vo dung dch AlCl3.
(5) Sc kh CO2 ti d vo dung dch NaAlO2.
(6) Sc kh etilen vo dung dch KMnO4.
Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c bao nhiu th nghim thu c kt ta ?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 6. D. 5.
+
Cu 13: Khi so snh NH3 vi NH4 , pht biu ng l :
A. Trong NH3 v NH4+, nit u c s oxi ha -3.
B. NH3 c tnh baz, NH4+ c tnh axit.
C. Trong NH3 v NH4+, nit u c cng ha tr 3.
D. Phn t NH3 v ion NH4+ u cha lin kt cng ha tr.
Cu 14: Ha tan ht 10,24 gam Cu bng 200 ml dung dch HNO3 3M c dung dch A.
Thm 400 ml dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch A. Lc b kt ta, c cn dung dch ri
nung cht rn n khi lng khng i thu c 26,44 gam cht rn. S mol HNO3 phn
ng vi Cu l
A. 0,46 mol. B. 0,58 mol. C. 0,56 mol. D. 0,68 mol.

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Cu 15: Khi cho hn hp Fe3O4 v Cu vo dung dch H2SO4 d thu c cht rn X v dung
dch Y. Dy no di y gm cc cht u tc dng c vi dung dch Y?
A. Cl2, NaNO3, KMnO4. B. KOH, Na2SO3, Cu(NO3)2.
C. KNO3, NH3, CuO. D. BaSO3, BaCl2 , Cl2.
Cu 16: Ha tan ht 24,018 gam hn hp rn X gm FeCl3, Fe(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2 v Fe3O4
trong dung dch cha 0,736 mol HCl, sau phn ng thu c dung dch Y ch cha 3 mui v
0,024 mol kh NO. Cho dung dch AgNO3 d vo Y thu c 115,738 gam kt ta. Bit NO
l sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5. Phn trm s mol ca FeCl3 trong X c gi tr gn nht l
A. 15% B. 18% C. 22% D. 25%
CO2 H 2 O NaOH
Cu 17: Cho dy chuyn ha sau: X Y X . Cng thc ca X l
A. NaOH B. Na2CO3 C. NaHCO3 D. Na2O.
Cu 18: Ngi ta nung nng m gam hn hp gm Cu v Fe (t l mol 3:4) ri cho mt lung
kh O2 i qua sau mt thi gian thu c (m + 0,64) gam hn hp rn X. Ha tan hon ton
lng X trn vo dung dch H2SO4 c, nng d thu c dung dch Y v V lt kh SO2 (ktc,
sn phm kh duy nht). Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo Y thy xut hin 75,02 gam kt ta.
Ly ton b lng kt ta trn nung ti khi lng khng i thu c 71,78 gam cht rn.
Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Gi tr ca m l 8,32 gam.
B. Gi tr ca V l 4,48 lt.
C. S mol H2SO4 dng ban u l 0,44 mol.
D. S mol H2SO4 c d trong dung dch Y l 0,06 mol.
Cu 19: Cho cc cht sau: etilen, axetilen, phenol (C6H5OH), buta-1,3-ien, toluen, anilin. S
cht lm mt mu nc brom iu kin thng l
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 3
Cu 20: Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu
to c th c ca X l
A. 6. B. 5. C. 7. D. 8.
Cu 21: Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
B. Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
C. Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
D. Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l (C17H35COO)3C3H5 , (C17H33COO)3C3H5.
Cu 22: Hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc Y v Z (bit phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca
Z). Cho 1,89 gam X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, sau khi cc
phn ng kt thc, thu c 18,36 gam Ag v dung dch E. Cho ton b E tc dng vi dung
dch HCl d, thu c 0,784 lt CO2 (ktc). Tn ca Z l
A. anehit propionic. B. anehit butiric. C. anehit axetic. D. anehit acrylic.
Cu 23: Pht biu no sau y l sai ?
A. phn bit benzen, toluen v stiren ( iu kin thng) bng phng php ha hc,
ch cn dng thuc th l nc brom.
B. Tt c cc este u tan tt trong nc, khng c, c dng lm cht to hng trong
cng nghip thc phm, m phm.
C. Phn ng gia axit axetic vi ancol benzylic ( iu kin thch hp), to thnh benzyl
axetat c mi thm ca chui chn.
D. Trong phn ng este ha gia CH3COOH vi CH3OH, H2O to nn t -OH trong nhm
-COOH ca axit v H trong nhm -OH ca ancol.
Cu 24: Ancol X (MX = 76) tc dng vi axit cacboxylic Y thu c hp cht Z mch h (X
v Y u ch c mt loi nhm chc). t chy hon ton 17,2 gam Z cn va 14,56 lt kh
O2 (ktc), thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l s mol tng ng l 7 : 4. Mt khc 17,2 gam Z li
phn ng va vi 8 gam NaOH trong dung dch. Bit Z c cng thc phn t trng vi
cng thc n gin nht. S cng thc cu to ca Z tha mn l
A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4.

Trang 3/6 MINH HA

Cu 25: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bt k, nu thu c s mol CO2 bng s
mol H2O th X l anken.
(b) Trong thnh phn hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon.
(c) Lin kt ha hc ch yu trong hp cht hu c l lin kt cng ha tr.
(d) Nhng hp cht hu c khc nhau c cng phn t khi l ng phn ca nhau.
(e) Phn ng hu c thng xy ra nhanh v khng theo mt hng nht nh.
(g) Hp cht C9H14BrCl c vng benzen trong phn t.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 2. D. 5.
Cu 26: Cht X c cng thc phn t C6H8O4. Cho 1 mol X phn ng ht vi dung dch
NaOH, thu c cht Y v 2 mol cht Z. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c
imetyl ete. Cht Y phn ng vi dung dch H2SO4 long (d), thu c cht T. Cho T phn
ng vi HBr, thu c hai sn phm l ng phn cu to ca nhau. Pht biu no sau y
sai?
A. Cht T c ng phn hnh hc.
B. Cht X phn ng vi H2 (Ni, t0) theo t l mol 1 : 3.
C. Cht Y c cng thc phn t C4H4O4Na2.
D. Cht Z lm mt mu nc brom.
Cu 27: Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a
chc Y (c mch cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca
2,8 gam N2 (o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp
hai axit trn thu c 11,44 gam CO2. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 72,22%. B. 65,15%. C. 27,78%. D. 35,25%.
Cu 28: Trng hp no sau y to ra CH3CHO?
A. Oxi ha CH3COOH.
B. Oxi ha khng hon ton C2H5OH bng CuO un nng.
C. Cho CH CH cng H2O (t0, xc tc HgSO4, H2SO4).
D. Thy phn CH3COOCH=CH2 bng dung dch KOH un nng.
Cu 29 : Hn hp X gm O2 v O3 c t khi so vi H2 l 22. Hn hp kh Y gm metylamin
v etylamin c t khi so vi H2 l 17,833. t chy hon ton V1 lt Y cn va V2 lt X
(bit sn phm chy gm CO2, H2O v N2, cc cht kh khi o cng iu kin nhit , p
sut). T l V1 : V2 l
A. 3 : 5. B. 5 : 3. C. 2 : 1. D. 1 : 2.
Cu 30: Hn hp X gm ba peptit u mch h c t l mol tng ng l 1 : 1 : 3. Thy phn
hon ton m gam X, thu c hn hp sn phm gm 14,24 gam alanin v 8,19 gam valin.
Bit tng s lin kt peptit trong phn t ca ba peptit trong X nh hn 13. Gi tr gn nht
ca m l
A. 18,5. B. 20. C. 19. D. 18.
Cu 31: Cho X, Y, Z, T l cc cht khc nhau trong s 4 cht: CH3NH2, NH3, C6H5OH
(phenol), C6H5NH2 (anilin) v cc tnh cht c ghi trong bng sau:
Cht X Y Z T
o
Nhit si ( C) 182 184 -6,7 -33,4
pH (dung dch nng 0,001M) 6,48 7,82 10,81 10,12
Nhn xt no sau y ng?
A. Y l C6H5OH. B. Z l CH3NH2 C. T l C6H5NH2 D. X l NH3
Cu 32: Cho ba hirocacbon mch h X, Y, Z (MX < MY < MZ < 62) c cng s nguyn t
cacbon trong phn t, u phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d. Pht biu no sau
y ng?
A. 1 mol X phn ng ti a vi 4 mol H2 (Ni, to).
B. Cht Z c ng phn hnh hc.
C. Cht Y c tn gi l but-1-in.

Trang 4/6 MINH HA

 D. Ba cht X, Y v Z u c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh.
Cu 33: Hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) ch c mt loi nhm chc. Cho 0,15 mol X phn
ng va vi 180 gam dung dch NaOH, thu c dung dch Y. Lm bay hi Y, ch thu
c 164,7 gam hi nc v 44,4 gam hn hp cht rn khan Z. t chy hon ton Z, thu
c 23,85 gam Na2CO3; 56,1 gam CO2 v 14,85 gam H2O. Mt khc, Z phn ng vi dung
dch H2SO4 long d thu c hai axit cacboxylic n chc v hp cht T (cha C, H, O v
MT < 126). Pht biu no sau y ng?
A. S nguyn t H trong phn t T l 8.
B. Tng s nguyn t trong phn t X l 24.
C. S nguyn t C trong phn t T l 8.
D. S nguyn t H trong phn t X l 10.
Cu 34: Cho cc pht biu sau y:
(a) Glucozo c gi l ng nho do c nhiu trong qu nho chn.
(b) Cht bo l ieste ca glixerol vi axit bo.
(c) Phn t amilopectin c cu trc mch phn nhnh.
(d) nhit thng, triolein trng thi rn.
(e) Trong mt ong cha nhiu fructozo.
(f) Tinh bt l mt trong nhng lng thc c bn ca con ngi.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4 B. 6 C. 5 D. 3
Cu 35: Hp cht X c cng thc C8H14O4. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng t l
mol):
(a) X + 2NaOH X1 + X2 + H2O
(b) X1 + H2SO4 X3 + Na2SO4
(c) nX3 + nX4 nilon-6,6 + 2nH2O
(d) 2X2 + X3 X5 + 2H2O
Phn t khi ca X5 l
A. 198. B. 202. C. 216. D. 174.
Cu 36: Cho s phn ng :
HCN
CHCH X
Trung hp
X polime Y
ong trung hp
X + CH2=CH-CH=CH2 polime Z
Y v Z ln lt dng ch to vt liu polime no sau y ?
A.T capron v cao su buna. B. T nilon-6,6 v cao su cloropren.
C. T olon v cao su buna-N. D. T nitron v cao su buna-S.
Cu 37: Cho 20 gam hn hp A gm FeCO3, Fe, Cu, Al phn ng vi 60 ml dung dch NaOH
2M c 2,688 lt H2. Thm tip vo bnh sau phn ng 740 ml dung dch HCl 1M v un nng
n khi ngng thot kh, c hn hp kh B, lc tch c cn C (khng cha hp cht ca
Al). Cho B hp th t t vo dung dch nc vi trong d c 10 gam kt ta. Cho C phn
ng ht vi HNO3 c nng d thu c dung dch D v 1,12 lt mt kh duy nht. Cho D phn
ng vi dung dch NaOH d c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i c m gam
cht rn, bit th tch cc kh o iu kin tiu chun. Gi tr gn nht ca m l
A. 1,65 B. 2,2 C. 3,3 D. 1,8
Cu 38: X phng ho mt este A no n chc, mch khng phn nhnh bng mt lng va
dung dch NaOH ta ch thu c mt sn phm B. Nung B vi vi ti trn xt thu c
ancol Z v mt mui v c. t chy hon ton ancol Z thu c CO2 v hi H2O c t l
khi lng l 11:6. S cng thc cu to ca A l
A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4
Cu 39: X l mt peptit mch h c cc mt xch c cu to t -amino axit cng dy
ng ng vi Alanin. Thy phn hon ton m gam X bng dung dch cha 0,4 mol NaOH
thu c dung dch Y ch cha hai cht tan, Y khng tc dng vi dung dch NaOH. Mt

Trang 5/6 MINH HA

khc, t chy hon ton m gam X cn va 1,68 mol O2 thu c CO2, N2 v 1,2 mol H2O.
Phn t khi ca X c gi tr gn gi tr no nht sau y
A. 320. B. 500. C. 360. D. 430.
Cu 40: Cho 14,8 gam hn hp kim loi ha tr II, oxit v sunfat ca kim loi y ha tan trong
dung dch H2SO4 long, d thu c dung dch A v 4,48 lt kh, cho NaOH d vo dung dch
A thu c kt ta B, nung B nhit cao thy cn li 14 gam cht rn. Mt khc 14,8 gam
hn hp trn cho vo 0,2 lt dung dch CuSO4.2M th phn ng kt thc, loi b kt ta ri em
c cn dung dch thu c 62 gam cht rn. Ly lng kim loi trong 14,8 gam hn hp em
nung vi CO2 d thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc dng vi HNO3 c, nng, d th thu c
V1 lt kh duy nht. Ly lng mui to ra trong dung dch nung trong khng kh n khi
lng khng i thu c V2 lt kh (cc kh o ktc). Tng V1 + V2 c gi tr l
A. 22,4 B. 20,16 C. 16,8 D.17,92

II. PHN T LUN (4,0 im)

Cu 1: (1,0 im)
a) Cho cc cht rn ring bit sau: MgO, Al, Al2O3, BaO, Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4. Nu ch
dng nc th c th phn bit c bao nhiu cht rn, hy trnh by cch phn bit cc
cht rn .
b) T cc cht v c cn thit (iu kin th nghim) c hy vit cc phng trnh iu
ch: poli etilen (PE), poli (vinylclorua) (PVC), Cao su buna-N.
Cu 2: (1,5 im)
Hn hp gm MgCl2, FeCl3, CuCl2 ha tan vo nc c dung dch X. Cho X tc dng
vi Na2S d tch ra c mt lng kt ta l m1 gam. Nu cho mt lng d H2S tc dng
vi X tch ra mt lng kt ta m2 gam. Thc nghim cho bit m1 = 2,51m2. Nu gi nguyn
lng cc cht MgCl2, CuCl2 trong X v thay FeCl3 bng FeCl2 c cng khi lng ri ha
tan trong nc th c dung dch Y. Cho Y tc dng vi Na2S d tch ra mt lng kt ta
m3 gam. Nu cho mt lng d H2S tc dng vi Y tch ra mt lng kt ta m4. Thc
nghim cho bit m3 = 3,36m4. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra v xc nh % khi
lng mi mui trong hn hp X.
Cu 3: (1,5 im)
Hn hp E gm mt ancol n chc X, mt axit cacboxylic n chc Y v mt este Z to
bi X v Y. Ly 0,13 mol hn hp E cho phn ng va vi 50 ml dung dch KOH 1M un
nng, c p gam ru X. Ha hi p gam X ri dn vo ng ng CuO d nung nng, thu
c anehit F. Cho ton b F tc dng ht vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un
nng, thu c 43,2 gam Ag.
1) Vit phng trnh phn ng v xc nh cng thc cu to ca X v tnh gi tr p.
2) Nu t chy hon ton 0,13 mol hn hp E bng oxi, th c 5,6 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v
5,94 gam H2O. Xc nh cng thc cu to ca Y, Z v tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi
lng ca mi cht trong hn hp E. Gi thit hiu sut cc phn ng l 100%.

--------------------HT--------------------

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