Reference CAPTOR

Power*Tools
for Windows

CAPTOR Reference Manual

Electrical Engineering Analysis Software
for Windows
Copyright 2006, SKM Systems Analysis, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
SKM Power*Tools for Windows

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Contents
1 CAPTOR STUDY 1-1
1.1 What is the CAPTOR Study?......................................................................... 1-2
1.1.1 The CAPTOR TCC Study ......................................................................... 1-2
1.1.2 The TCC Drawing ..................................................................................... 1-2
1.1.3 TCC Drawing-related buttons.................................................................... 1-3
1.1.4 Shortcut to Menu Commands .................................................................... 1-4
1.2 Engineering Methodology ............................................................................... 1-5
1.2.1 Preparing for Coordination ........................................................................ 1-5
1.2.2 Achieving Proper Coordination................................................................. 1-5
1.3 PTW Applied Methodology ............................................................................ 1-6
1.3.1 Selecting Components for Coordination.................................................... 1-6
Beginning with an Empty TCC Drawing .............................................................. 1-6
Taking Components from a One-Line Diagram to a TCC Drawing...................... 1-7
1.3.2 Using the TCC Drawing dialog box .......................................................... 1-7
TCC Device List.................................................................................................... 1-7
Header Bar............................................................................................................. 1-8
Tab Pages............................................................................................................... 1-9
TCC Drawing viewport ....................................................................................... 1-10
1.3.3 Applying Library Data to Protective Devices.......................................... 1-11
1.4 Coordinating Components............................................................................ 1-13
1.4.1 Changing Device Settings in the Tab Pages ............................................ 1-14
Changing Cartridge and Trip Settings ................................................................. 1-14
Modifying Segments............................................................................................ 1-14
Changing a Segment Type............................................................................... 1-16
Changing a Segment Setting............................................................................ 1-16
Adding a Segment ........................................................................................... 1-17
Deleting a Segment.......................................................................................... 1-17
Inserting a Segment ............................................................................................. 1-17
1.4.2 Changing Device Settings on the TCC Drawing ..................................... 1-18
Mouse Pointers .................................................................................................... 1-18
Status Bar............................................................................................................. 1-19
Dragging Segments.............................................................................................. 1-19
1.4.3 Assigning Multiple Functions to a Protection Component...................... 1-19
1.4.4 Changing TCC and Selected Device Display Settings ............................ 1-21
TCC Settings........................................................................................................ 1-21
Selected Device Settings...................................................................................... 1-24
1.4.5 Creating TCC Reports ............................................................................. 1-26
1.4.6 Linking to the Component Editor ............................................................ 1-26
1.4.7 Linking to a One-Line Diagram............................................................... 1-27
1.4.8 Showing Project Data on the Datablock tab page.................................... 1-27

CAPTOR ii Reference Manual
1.4.9 Showing Datablocks on the TCC............................................................. 1-27

1.4.10 Exporting a TCC Drawing ....................................................................... 1-28
1.4.11 Printing a TCC Drawing .......................................................................... 1-29
1.5 Changing Colors, Fonts, and Patterns ......................................................... 1-30
1.5.1 For Component Curves ............................................................................ 1-30
Prior to Adding Curves ........................................................................................ 1-30
After Adding Curves............................................................................................ 1-31
1.5.2 For the Drawing Grid............................................................................... 1-31
1.6 TCC Default Settings ..................................................................................... 1-31
2 EDITING CAPTORS LIBRARY 2-1

2.1 General Library Usage .................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.1 Editing an Existing Device......................................................................... 2-3
2.1.2 Adding a New Device ................................................................................ 2-4
2.1.3 Copying an Existing Device....................................................................... 2-4
2.1.4 Printing an Identification Report of Selected Library Devices .................. 2-4
2.2 Segment Methodology...................................................................................... 2-5
2.2.1 Fuse Curve segment type ........................................................................... 2-9
2.2.2 Time-Current Points segment type........................................................... 2-10
2.2.3 Opening and Clearing Curve segment type.............................................. 2-11
2.2.4 Time-Current Points with Multiple Curves segment type........................ 2-12
2.2.5 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit segment type .............. 2-13
2.2.6 Pickup with Current Settings in Per Unit segment type ........................... 2-15
2.2.7 IEC LTPU segment type .......................................................................... 2-16
2.2.8 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve segment type ................ 2-17
2.2.9 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Bands segment type................ 2-19
2.2.10 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj. Tolerance & Open-Clear Curve segment type
2-21
2.2.11 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal Delay Band segment type ........ 2-23
Using Fillet Radius............................................................................................... 2-24
2.2.12 Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds segment type............. 2-25
2.2.13 Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds segment type2-27
2.2.14 (I^2-T)+Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in Seconds segment type2-28
2.2.15 T= AD/ (I/Ipu) ^N - C) + BD + K segment type...................................... 2-29
2.2.16 T= SM (A+B (I/Ipu -C) + D/(I/Ipu - C)^2 + E/(I/Ipu -C)^3) segment type2-30
2.2.17 Fix Time Horizontal Line segment type................................................... 2-31
2.3 Using Functions .............................................................................................. 2-31
2.3.1 Functions Using CT Ratio........................................................................ 2-32
2.3.2 Functions Based on LTPU ....................................................................... 2-32
2.3.3 Functions of the Pickup-with-Curve segments ........................................ 2-34
2.4 Other Modeling Options................................................................................ 2-34
2.4.1 Discrete/Continuous option button .......................................................... 2-34
2.4.2 Initially Shown in TCC check box........................................................... 2-35
2.4.3 Specifying a Tolerance Band in Percent .................................................. 2-36
2.4.4 Modeling Curved Portions of Segments .................................................. 2-36
2.5 Low-Voltage Breaker Examples ................................................................... 2-37
2.5.1 Static Trip................................................................................................. 2-37
Entering Static Trip Segments ............................................................................. 2-41
2.5.2 Ground Fault ............................................................................................ 2-54
Entering Ground Fault Segments ......................................................................... 2-57
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Contents CAPTOR iii
2.5.3 Thermal Magnetic Molded Case.............................................................. 2-61

Entering Thermal Magnetic Molded Case Segments .......................................... 2-63
2.5.4 Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker ....................................................... 2-66
Entering Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Segments.................................... 2-69
2.6 Motor Protective Device Examples .............................................................. 2-76
2.6.1 Motor Circuit Protector............................................................................ 2-76
Entering Motor Circuit Protector Segments ........................................................ 2-78
2.6.2 Motor Overload ....................................................................................... 2-81
Entering Motor Overload Segments .................................................................... 2-82
2.6.3 Static Motor Protector.............................................................................. 2-84
Entering Static Motor Protector Segments .......................................................... 2-85
2.7 Fuse Examples................................................................................................ 2-91
Entering Fuse Curve Segments............................................................................ 2-93
2.8 Relay Examples.............................................................................................. 2-97
2.8.1 Electro Mechanical Relay........................................................................ 2-97
Entering Electro Mechanical Relay Segments..................................................... 2-99
2.8.2 Electronic............................................................................................... 2-106
Entering Electronic Relay Segments ................................................................. 2-108
2.8.3 IEC Type................................................................................................ 2-115
2.9 HV/MV Breaker Examples......................................................................... 2-115
2.9.1 With Sensor Integral.............................................................................. 2-115
2.9.2 Without Sensor Integral......................................................................... 2-115
2.10 Specialty Device Examples.......................................................................... 2-116
2.10.1 Recloser ................................................................................................. 2-116
Entering Recloser Segments .............................................................................. 2-118
2.10.2 Specialty Device .................................................................................... 2-123
3 IMPORTING CAPTOR LIBRARIES 3-1

3.1 Running Import for CAPTOR Projects ........................................................ 3-3
3.1.1 Device Not Found message ....................................................................... 3-5
3.2 Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries ...................................................... 3-7
Index CAPTOR i

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1 CAPTOR Study
The CAPTOR (Computer Aided Plotting for Time Overcurrent Reporting) Study module
plots the time-current coordination (TCC) characteristics of electrical component to ensure
that they protect electrical apparatus from damaging overload and short-circuit currents.
Think of CAPTOR as an electronic light table, but with advanced capabilities. You
manipulate a TCC curve either by changing its settings and redrawing it, or by dragging
the curve and dropping it within the valid setting range. You can also modify existing, or
add new, manufacturer data to the pre-stocked Library. Since the Study uses the Project,
your devices will appear in the Component Editor and can be displayed and selected from
the One-Line Diagram.
This chapter discusses:
Engineering Methodology
PTW Applied Methodology
Application Examples.
IN THIS CHAPTER
1 CAPTOR Study 1-1

1.1 What is the CAPTOR Study? 1-2
1.2 Engineering Methodology 1-5
1.3 PTW Applied Methodology 1-6
1.4 Coordinating Components 1-13
1.5 Changing Colors, Fonts, and Patterns 1-30
1.6 TCC Default Settings 1-32

CAPTOR 1-2 Reference Manual
1.1 What is the CAPTOR Study?

While other PTW Study modules such as A_FAULT and IEC_FAULT utilize the existing
PTW environment, the CAPTOR Study module adds a third editing environment to the
base module. Therefore, this introduction requires an analysis of two facets: what the
CAPTOR Study is, and how it extends the capability of PTW.
1.1.1 The CAPTOR TCC Study

As mentioned earlier, CAPTOR acts as an electronic light table. The engineer places
motor locked rotor starting curves, thermal and mechanical damage curves (for cables and
transformers), and generator performance curves upon a log-log grid, and then plots
protective device TCC curves based on manufacturer specifications. You make
adjustments to the protective device settings until you achieve adequate protection. PTW
makes this job more convenient and accurate, of course, but the engineering procedure
remains the same.
1.1.2 The TCC Drawing

PTWs base module consists of four document types: One-Line Diagrams, Libraries,
Reports, and the Component Editor. Of these four, One-Line Diagrams and the
Component Editor comprise the two editing and building environments. CAPTOR
actually adds a fifth document type, which is also a third editing and building
environment, called the TCC Drawing.
The TCC Drawing combines elements from both One-Line Diagrams and the Component
Editor. The following table outlines the similarities:
similar to
similar to
TCC feature One-Line
Component Editor
Diagrams
TCC displays component data in list form.
TCC displays component curves in a viewport that zooms in
or out.

Edit and display component data using tab pages in TCC.
Existing Project components can be added or removed from
TCC.
Multiple TCC documents can exist for a single Project.
TCC uses the Connect Components dialog box to connect
and disconnect components.
TCC displays Datablocks in a tab page.
TCC curves can be printed.
TCC links to the Protective Device Library for predefined
data.
TCC component curves can be moved using the mouse
pointer.
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CAPTOR Study CAPTOR 1-3
pointer.
1.1.3 TCC Drawing-related buttons

Click buttons on the Toolbar to perform common tasks quickly.
Button Function
Open the Component Editor.
Create or open a One-line Diagram.
Create or open a TCC Drawing.
Create or open a Report.
Create or open a Library.
Save changes to the active document.
Cut the selected data into the Windows Clipboard.
Copy the selected data into the Windows Clipboard.
Paste the contents of the Windows Clipboard to the selected location.
Run a Study.
Apply and edit datablock formats.
Open the Component Editor showing data for the components on the
TCC Drawing.
Switch back to the One-Line Diagram from which you brought

components using the Go to TCC Drawing command.
Get context-sensitive help about any part of the screen.
Magnify the scale of the TCC Drawing.
Reduce the scale of the TCC Drawing.
Show the entire TCC Drawing in the viewport.
Redraw the active components curve so it reflects the most current

data.
Change TCC Settings including plot scale, reference voltage, and

grid lines..
Change Device settings such as hide or display the pickup and short
circuit flags and datablocks for the active components.
Open the Select a Device dialog box, where you select Library data
to assign to the active protective device.

Button Function
Add a new cable.
Add a new two-winding transformer, ANSI standard.
Add a new two-winding transformer, IEC standard.
Add a new generator.
Add a new induction motor.
Add a new low-voltage breaker.
Add a new fuse.
Add a new motor circuit protector (MCP).
Add a new motor overload.
Add a new switch or specialty device.
Add a new relay.
Add a new high-voltage breaker.
1.1.4 Shortcut to Menu Commands

For computers using Windows 95, PTW makes available a shortcut for accessing the TCC
Drawings commands. When you click the right mouse button, a menu appears with most
of the available commands.
To access the menu commands with the shortcut

1. With the mouse pointer over the TCC Drawing, click the right mouse button.
2. From the menu that appears, choose a command.
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1.2 Engineering Methodology

It might easier to demonstrate proper time-current coordination by first describing what
constitutes poor time-current coordination. Poor electrical system coordination occurs
when neither the branch- nor the up stream feeder-circuit protective devices trip, resulting
in electrical apparatus damage; and when both protective devices trip after sensing a short-
circuit on the load side of the branch circuit protective device, thus isolating the entire
feeder circuit and resulting in system outage in a wide area. The properly coordinated
system would ensure that the only the branch circuit protective device trips, thus isolating
only the branch circuit.
1.2.1 Preparing for Coordination

Device coordination cannot be reduced to a standardized procedure; rather, it requires the
engineers judgment based on numerous factors. However, certain preparatory steps
should be taken, as discussed in the IEEE Buff Book, IEEE Standard 242:
1. Build a one-line diagram and define the electrical characteristics of each component.
2. Perform a system load flow and short-circuit study. This provides you with the
continuous and short-circuit currents typical of your system.
3. Gather the manufacturers published time/current characteristics, in the form of

time/current plots, for each protective device in the system, or at least in the branches
to be coordinated.
1.2.2 Achieving Proper Coordination

When these preliminary steps have been taken, you are now ready to perform the
coordination study. If you are performing the coordination study by hand, you need to
plot on pre-printed log-log paper the fixed points associated with the system, such as
transformer and motor full load currents and available short circuit currents. Once you
plot these fixed points, you then must plot the transformer damage and motor starting
curves. Usually you will know key time and current data points about these devices, so
you may use a straight or curved line to connect the key data points. Transformers make
the coordination process more complex in that all devices must be plotted relative to a
single voltage level. Thus device current values at one voltage level must be plotted at a
different voltage level, based on the transformer turns ratio. While working on a light
table or against an open window, you line up key grid coordinates, and trace the
manufacturers TCC curve characteristics onto the pre-printed log-log paper.
You achieve proper coordination by placing the protective devices on the grid to allow the
full load currents to flow but not damage the electrical apparatus. For example, a
protective device on the primary of a transformer must operate to protect the transformer
from thermal and mechanical damage, but allow the characteristic transformer inrush
currents to flow. Thus, this protective device must be plotted to lay to the left and below
the transformer thermal and mechanical damage curve, but to the right of the inrush
current point.

1.3 PTW Applied Methodology

The CAPTOR Coordination Study follows the engineering methodology discussed in the
previous section. You will still build a one-line diagram and define the electrical
characteristics of each component, perform load flow and short-circuit studies on the
system, and gather manufacturer data on the protective devices. The big difference is that
the light table and associated sketching of manufacturers time-current plots are replaced
by a computer screen where you can quickly drag and drop device settings and assess the
quality of the system coordination.
Remember that TCC Drawings work with the Project as One-Line Diagrams do, so you
may have several TCC Drawing documents for a single Project. You might have three
different TCC Drawings open, each showing the same protective device PD-0001. When
you change PD-0001s data, the change will be reflected in all three TCC Drawings, since
PD-0001 is a single device in the Project, referenced in the three TCC Drawings.
1.3.1 Selecting Components for Coordination

Preparing the TCC Drawing for coordination can be done in two ways: 1) by creating a
new TCC Drawing and adding new or existing components to it; and 2) by selecting
components on a One-Line Diagram for coordination and taking them to a TCC Drawing.
Beginning with an Empty TCC Drawing

When you create a new TCC Drawing, it will not contain any components.
To create a new TCC Drawing:

1. From the Document menu, choose CAPTOR TCC.
2. Type a name for the TCC document in the Name box (if you do not type a name,
PTW will assign a default name).
3. Choose the New button.
A blank TCC Drawing will appear. You may now add new or existing components to the
TCC Drawing.
To add a new component to the TCC Drawing
1. Do one of the following:
On the toolbar, click the type of component you want to add.
From the Component Menu, choose New. From the list, select the type of
component you want to add. Choose the OK button.
You may also add existing Project components to the TCC Drawing.
To add an existing component to the TCC Drawing
1. From the Component menu, choose Existing.
2. In the Components box, select the existing Project component you want to coordinate.
3. Choose the OK button.
Proceed to Section 1.3.2, Using the TCC Drawing.
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Taking Components from a One-Line Diagram to a TCC Drawing

You may select components on a One-Line Diagram and take them to a TCC Drawing for
coordination.
To coordinate components from a One-Line Diagram

1. Select the components on the One-Line Diagram (see Section 6.8, Selecting
Objects in the Users Guide for more information).
2. From the Window menu, choose the Go to TCC Drawing command.
3. Type a name for the TCC document in the Name box (if you do not type a name,
PTW will assign a default name).
4. Choose the New button.
A TCC Drawing will appear containing the components you selected.
1.3.2 Using the TCC Drawing dialog box

All coordination takes place within the TCC Drawing dialog box. The left half of the
TCC Drawing displays the active components data in tab pages, and the right half
displays the curves for the components in the Study.
The TCC Device List displays the active The header bar displays the Library data
component and the other components in the attributed to the active component.
Study.
Enter data for the active Coordinate the curves using the
component in these tab pages. TCC Drawing viewport.
TCC Device List
(List hidden) (List displayed)

The TCC Drawing does not have to contain all the components within the Project, but it
needs to contain those components you want to coordinate for this specific coordination
Study. (Like One-Line Diagrams, numerous TCC Drawings may exist for the same
Project.) After adding components to the TCC Drawing, as discussed in Section 1.3.1,
Selecting Components for Coordination, you use the Device List box to verify which
components are in the Study, to navigate among them, and to remove them from the TCC
Drawing or the Project.
The active component is that which appears in the box. Whichever component is active
has its data displayed in the tab pages. To make another component the active component,
select it from the list.
To reorder the list

1. Select the Settings>Reorder TCC Device List menu function
2. Double-click on each device name in the order you want them to appear.
To make a component active

1. Point to the TCC Device List box with the mouse pointer.
2. Click the left mouse button to display the list.
3. Select a component from the list. The active components data will appear in the tab
pages, and its curve will become black.
If you want to remove a component from the Study, there are two ways to do it, and they
are quite different. You can remove the component from the TCC Drawing without
destroying it from the Project, or you can destroy the component from the Project.
To remove a component from the TCC Drawing

1. Make the component active.
2. From the Component menu, choose Remove.
This removes the component and its corresponding curve from the TCC Drawing. The
component is not destroyed from the Project and may be readded to the TCC Drawing at
any time.
Destroying components actually deletes them from the Project.
Warning: Warning: Destroying components affects the structure of the power system.
Destroying a component is permanent; once you destroy a component, it cannot be
recovered.
To destroy a component from the Project

1. Make the component active.
2. From the Component menu, choose Destroy.
Header Bar
To the right of the TCC Device List is the Header Bar, which displays the Library data
assigned to the active protective device. This area will initially appear blank, until you
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assign data to the device. See Section 1.3.3, Applying Library Data to Protective
Devices.
Tab Pages
The tab pages display data for the active component. There are three tab pages:
Tab Page Usage

Cable, 2-Winding Transformer, Generator, Displays identification and system data for the
Motor, or Device (Name varies with component.
component)
Damage Curve, Starting Curve, or Setting Displays all data related to the component curve.
(Name varies with component) Anytime data is changed on this page, you must
choose the Redraw button to reflect the change
on the TCC Drawing.
Datablock Displays datablocks for the component.
The tab pages work dynamically with the TCC Drawing viewport as you coordinate
components. Any changes made directly in the Drawing viewport will be reflected in the
tab pages, and any changes made in the tab pages (provided you choose the Redraw
button) will be reflected in the Drawing viewport.

TCC Drawing viewport
The TCC Drawing works much like a One-Line Diagram with regard to zooming and
scrolling (except the Aerial View command, which is not applicable). See Section 6.6,
Navigating the Drawing for help with these functions.
To create more room for coordination, you may want to toggle the Fixed Aspect Ratio off
and then drag the right border of the TCC Drawing viewport. By toggling it off, you will
have more screen area to use for coordination. Remember, however, that a true log-log
representation of the coordination Study is only achieved when the fixed aspect ratio is
toggled on.
No Fixed Aspect Ratio Fixed Aspect Ratio
To toggle the Fixed Aspect Ratio on or off

1. From the View menu, choose Fixed Aspect Ratio.
2. When checked, the ratio is kept 1:1. When unchecked, the ratio adjusts to fill the
whole viewport with the TCC Drawing. The change is noticeable primarily when you
have resized the TCC Drawing by dragging its border.
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1.3.3 Applying Library Data to Protective Devices

When you first add a protective device to the TCC Drawing, you will not see its curve
appear on the TCC Drawing grid, as you would with a cable, transformer, generator, or
motor. This is because no manufacturer data has yet been assigned to the device; in
PTWs eyes, the protective device is purely generic until you assign data to it.
To assign data to the protective device, you choose the data from the Protective Device
Library. Your first inclination may be to open the Protective Device Library as you would
any other Library in PTW. However, the TCC Drawing allows you to peer into the
Protective Device Library and select data without actually opening it: not only is this
procedure quicker, but it reduces the risk of accidentally changing Library data. This
window used for peering into the Library is called the Select a Device dialog box.
Note: For most coordination Studies, the protective devices already contained in the
Protective Device Library should suffice. However, if you need to customize the
Library, see Chapter 2, Editing the Protective Device Library.
To open the Select a Device dialog box

1. Make a protective device the active component.
On the first tab page, choose the Library button.
On the Toolbar, click the Select a Device button.
From the Settings menu, choose Select a Device.
The Select a Device dialog box appears.
These are the different categories of protective devices.

The categories are expandable. Once you expand a category, its devices are then
displayed.
1) Click on the expand box. . . 2) and the category expands..
3) Now click on a sub-category name. . . 4) and a list of devices appears.
Once the devices appear in the right half of the Select a Device dialog box, you may select
a manufacturers device and apply its data to the active component.
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Organize the devices by different categories with these

buttons (Alphabetic by manufacturer or type, or
numeric by description, voltage, TCC number, or date
modified).
Select a device by double-clicking it.
Choose the Apply button to apply the data to the Choose the Close button to close the Select a Device
device and see the resultant curve. dialog box.
Once you apply manufacturer data from the Library to a component, you will see the
devices curve appear in the TCC Drawing viewport. Repeat this step for the all devices
you want to coordinate.
To apply manufacturer data to the active component

1. With the Select a Device dialog box open, expand a device category.
2. With a category expand, expand one of its sub-categories.
3. When the Library list appears in the right half of the dialog box, select a
manufacturers device.
4. Choose the Apply button.
5. Choose the Close button.
Tip: If you are looking for a specific type of curve characteristic, and you want to
scan through Library devices quickly, keep the Select a Device dialog box open after
choosing the Apply button (that is, dont choose the Close button). This way, you can
repeatedly choose others followed by the Apply button until you find a device which best
fits your needs.
1.4 Coordinating Components

Once you have applied Library data to a protective device, you may now adjust its settings
to coordinate it. Since the tab pages and the TCC Drawing viewport are dynamically
linked, setting changes made in one will be reflected in the other. That is to say, if you
adjust a setting in the tab pages and choose the Redraw button, the curves will move to
reflect the change. Similarly, if you drag a curve using the mouse pointer, the settings in
the tab pages will update to reflect the adjustment.
The two procedures are discussed in separate sections, as each has its own steps.

1.4.1 Changing Device Settings in the Tab Pages

You will notice that the tab pages change with the category of manufacturer data applied
to a protective device. Fuses, for example, provide far less options for settings
adjustments than do relays. This Section discusses proper usage of tab pages but does not
examine each specifically. For further examination of the settings and segment types, see
Chapter 2, Editing the Protective Device Library.
To change a devices settings, you first need to make it the active component, as discussed
in Section 1.3.2, Using the TCC Drawing dialog box. Notice that the active
components curve becomes black to show it represents the active component. Anytime
you want to change a components settings, you must make it the active component.
Tip: If you prefer that the selected device maintain its color and pattern (instead
of turning black) when selected, choose Show as Selected from the Settings menu so the
check mark next to it disappears. This command toggles the highlight feature on or off.
When you change a setting using the tab pages, you need to update the TCC Drawing to
reflect the most current data by redrawing it.
To redraw the active components curve

From the Settings menu, choose Redraw.
Click the Redraw button on the Toolbar.
Changing Cartridge and Trip Settings

Fuses use the cartridge and trip settings. To adjust these settings, first select a cartridge
size and then select one of available trip sizes for that cartridge size.
To change the cartridge and trip settings for a fuse

1. Apply manufacturer data from the fuse category in the Select a Device dialog box.
2. Switch to the Setting tab page.
3. Select a cartridge size from the list box.
4. Select a trip size from the list box.
On the Toolbar, click the Redraw button.
Modifying Segments
While fuses have non-adjustable settings, most protective devices allow their settings to
be adjusted. The adjustable settings break down into individual segments, such as
Instantaneous, Short-Time Delay, and Long Time Pick-Up. You may adjust these
segments using either the tab pages or the TCC Drawing. The following picture shows
the controls used to adjust the segments for adjustable protective devices. These controls
can be found on the Setting tab page.
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These check boxes indicate These buttons scroll forward to segments 6-10,
how many segments the if needed.
curve has.
These boxes indicate the These boxes indicate the segment setting(s).
segment type.
These segment-adjusting controls correspond to the segments within the curve, as shown
in the following picture. Any adjustment made to the controls will adjust the curve
(provided you Redraw the curve), and any adjustment made to the curve will adjust the
controls; the controls and the curve link to the same data. Note that Segment 1 in the
controls corresponds to the segment at the top of the TCC Drawing, not the segment that
will trip first.
LTPU
LTD
STPU
STD-I2T
Inst
Typical segments of a static trip breaker

PTW allows up to ten segments to be modeled on any one trip curve; however, three to
five segments will model most devices sufficiently.
Most devices require only a single setting for each segment; for example, a static trip
device might have a long time pickup (LTPU) of .8 times its sensor value. However, for
those devices that require a second setting, PTW allows a second setting to be defined.
This occurs sometimes in device segments which require a short-time delay segment that
2
includes an I T function.
Important: When adjusting segments, keep in mind that most time-current protective
devices should display an inverse-time characteristic, beginning with a pickup value that
is vertical to the current axis. Typically, the segments will be set in this order: Segment
1, vertical; Segment 2, inverse-time; Segment 3, vertical; Segment 4, inverse-time (or)
definite time. PTW makes the protective devices segment types available to all segment
numbers, so you must ensure that you are adding the correct segment type to the correct
segment number.
Changing a Segment Type

Based on the manufacturer data from the Library, there may be alternative setting
characteristics available for the segment. When you display the list to the right of the
segment number, you can see the available segment types:
To display the segment types. . . click on the list.
To change the segment type, choose a different segment from the list.
To change a segment type

2. Click on a segment type box to the right of the segment number.
3. Select a different segment type from the list.
4. Redraw the curve to reflect the segment change by doing one of the following:
Changing a Segment Setting
Changing a segment setting uses the same procedure as changing a segment type.
To change a segment setting

2. Click on a segment setting box.
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3. Select a different segment setting from the list.

4. Redraw the curve to reflect the segment change by doing one of the following:
Adding a Segment
Adding a segment is similar to changing a segment: you pick a segment type from the list
box to the right of the segment number. The check boxes next to the segment numbers
indicate the active segments, so add the new segment after the last active segment number
(for example, if segments 1-3 are active, choose a segment type from segment 4).
To add a segment type

2. Click on a blank setting box that follows the last active segment.
3. Select a segment type from the list.
4. Redraw the curve to reflect the segment addition by doing one of the following:
Deleting a Segment
The Delete button will remove the selected segment from the curve. To select a segment,
click on its segment type box.
Note: This command does not delete the segment from the Library, but merely removes
the segment from the curve; the segment will still be available to be added to the curve.
To delete a segment from the manufacturer data, you need to edit the Library. See
Chapter 2, Editing CAPTORs Library.
To delete a segment
2. Click on the setting type box for the segment to delete.
3. Choose the Delete button at the bottom of the tab page.
4. Redraw the curve to reflect the segment deletion by doing one of the following:
Inserting a Segment
Inserting a segment is like adding a segment, but the Insert button allows you to put the
new segment at any selected segment number and move the rest down. If no segment is
selected, PTW will insert the segment at #1 and move the other segments down one
number.
To insert a segment

2. Click on a setting box where you want to insert the segment.

3. Choose the Insert button at the bottom of the tab page.
4. Choose a segment type and segment setting for the newly-inserted segment.
5. Redraw the curve to reflect the segment addition by doing one of the following:
1.4.2 Changing Device Settings on the TCC Drawing

Do not be fooled by the TCC Drawings ease of use. When you move curves on the
Drawing, you are not just making aesthetic changes, but you are actually adjusting the
settings of the device. The Drawings usage, however, is quite similar to that of the One-
Line Diagram.
Movement of curves relies heavily on the mouse pointer; the pointers appearance will
indicate both the direction in which you can adjust the segment and the range of the
segments settings. The Status Bar displays the mouses location in seconds and amperes,
so you can tell at a glance how you are setting the segment.
Mouse Pointers
As with the One-Line Diagram, the mouse pointer changes shape to indicate that you can
perform certain actions. Refer to the following table:
When the mouse pointer looks like this. . . it indicates this.

You may move the segment left or right to
adjust its amperes setting.
The segment has reached the minimum

limit of its valid amperes setting.
The segment has reached the maximum

limit of its valid amperes setting.
You may move the segment up or down to

adjust its time setting.
The segment has reached the maximum

limit of its valid time setting.
The segment has reached the minimum

limit of its valid time setting.
You may select the curve (you may also

select a curves associated marker, such as a
transformers inrush indicator, to select the
curve).
You may move the label or its pointer.
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Status Bar
The Status Bar assists with segment adjustment, for it lists the mouse pointers location in
Seconds and Amperes.
As you move the mouse pointer. . . the Status Bar dynamically changes.
Dragging Segments
To move a segment, you place the mouse pointer over it until the mouse pointer becomes
the time or the amperes adjustment pointer. When this occurs, press the left mouse button
and, while holding it, drag the segment in the indicated direction.
Click on the segment. . . drag the segment. . . and release the mouse
button.
You can move the curve identification labels using the same procedure.
1.4.3 Assigning Multiple Functions to a Protection Component

You can assign any number of functions to a protection component and display any one
of the functions on each TCC drawing. Typical functions may include: Phase; Earth; As-
Found; Proposed; Initial Operation; Subsequent Operation, etc.

The Function specifications are made by selecting the Function button on the Device Tab.
New Functions can be added or removed by using the New and Delete buttons. Once the
Functions are specified, the same screen is used to select the function displayed on the
active TCC Drawing. The functions can reference the same library entry or different
library entries. The settings for each Function are stored separately.
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1.4.4 Changing TCC and Selected Device Display Settings

TCC Settings
To change TCC display options, use the Settings>TCC Settings menu item.
The TCC setting menu is divided into four tabs: Layout; Fault Current; Background; and
All Devices. The Layout tab is used to set the current and time axis ranges, TCC
Reference Voltage, and Current Scale.

The Fault Current tab is used to specify whether the device curves are terminated at fault
current levels calculated by the DAPPER, A_FAULT or IEC_FAULT studies.
Alternatively you can specify a user-defined fault current for each device curve and store
the fault current with the TCC or with the Component. If its stored with the component,
the same fault current will be displayed whenever the device is displayed on any TCC
drawing. If the fault current is stored with the TCC, you can display separate fault
currents for each device on different TCCs. For example, you can display the maximum
phase-to-earth fault current when coordinating earth fault settings, and display the
maximum 3-phase fault when coordinating phase fault settings.
The Background tab is used to define the font, grid density, grid color, and grid line style.
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The Grid Density can be specified separately on the output printer forms, allowing a more
dense grid on the output than what you use on the screen. The grid density can be as
sparse as one line for each decade, or as dense as K&E paper (100 lines per decade).
The All Devices tab is used to set the pen width for device curves. Its a good idea to
make the pen width thicker for the TCC curves than the TCC grid. Differences in pen
width will be more pronounced on higher resolution printers than on the screen. The All
Device menu also allows you the option to disable the mouse drag setting method. This
option will prevent you from accidentally moving a curve to a new setting by dragging it
with your mouse. There are also options to set the device label font and to specify the
format for pickup labels and short circuit flags on the TCC drawing.

Selected Device Settings

Change the display properties for a selected device by using the Settings>Selected Device
Settings menu.
The Selected Device Settings menu is divided into three tabs: Appearance, Flag; and
DataBlocks.
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The Appearance tab is used to set the color and fill pattern for the selected device curve.
It is also used to enable or hide the component label and to specify the label font and font
size.
The Flag tab is used to enable or hide the pickup and short circuit flags and to specify the
height of the flag as a percent of the time axis scale. The Flag tab can also be used to
specify a curve multiplier, cut-off current and cut-off time for the selected device. The
curve multiplier shifts the curve by the specified amount. The cut-off current terminates
the curve at the specified current value. The cut-off time terminates the curve at the
specified time.
The DataBlocks tab is used to enable or hide the DataBlock display. It is also used to
select the font and font size used for the DataBlock. Attributes for the datablock including
Shadow, Leader line, Border and Opaque versus Transparent can be selected.

1.4.5 Creating TCC Reports

You can create a TCC Report for the TCC Drawing document, which lists all the TCC
Drawing components and their data. Once the Report has been created, you can open it
just like any other Report. The report will be named <<Selected TCC>>.rpt, where
<<Selected TCC>> is the TCC Drawing name for which you are creating the TCC Report.
Note: You may want to use the Datablock Report command instead, because it provides
superior formatting and flexibility for listing the components in a TCC. This command
just provides a quick listing of the components and settings in the TCC.
To create a TCC Report

1. From the Run menu, choose the TCC Report command.
1.4.6 Linking to the Component Editor

When you use the Go to Component Editor command, the Component Editor will appear
showing the TCC Drawing component set. For more information on component sets, see
the Component Editor chapter in the PTW Users Guide.
To link to the Component Editor

1. From the Window menu, choose the Go to Component Editor command.
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1.4.7 Linking to a One-Line Diagram

When you have brought components from a One-Line Diagram to the TCC Drawing, as
described in Section 1.3.1, Selecting Components for Coordination, you can switch
back to that same One-Line Diagram using the Go to One-Line Diagram command.
To open the associated One-Line Diagram

1. From the Window menu, choose the Go to One-Line Diagram command.
If you have not brought components from a One-Line Diagram to the TCC Drawing, you
may create an association between them using the Associate One-Line Diagram command.
Once you have created an association, you may use the Go to One-Line Diagram
command.
To associate a TCC Drawing with a One-Line Diagram

1. From the Settings menu, choose the Associate One-Line Diagram command.
2. Choose a One-Line Diagram from the list box to associate with the TCC Drawing.
You may change this association at any time.
1.4.8 Showing Project Data on the Datablock tab page

Displaying Datablocks in the Datablock tab page follows the same procedure as for the
Component Editor. For a more thorough discussion of datablocks, see the Datablocks
chapter in the PTW Users Guide.
To apply a datablock format

1. From the Run menu, choose Datablock Format.
2. Under Type, select Component Editor/TCC Setting View.
3. In the Formats for Component Editor/TCC Setting View list box, select the datablock
format you want.
4. Choose the Apply button.
5. Choose the Close button.
The datablocks will now appear in the Datablock tab page for each component.
1.4.9 Showing Datablocks on the TCC

As with the One-Line Diagram, you may show datablocks on the TCC. With the TCC
plot displayed, use the Run>Datablock Format menu function to apply a datablock format.
The datablock

1.4.10 Exporting a TCC Drawing

As with One-Line Diagrams, PTW can export TCC Drawings into Windows Metafiles
(WMF Files) or CAD format files (DXF Files), making them available to most Windows-
based graphics programs: CAD programs, illustration programs, even word processors
support either WMF files, DXF files or both. Many graphics applications even treat
WMF files as native objects, letting you manipulate the layout even after youve exported.
You can also use the export function to copy the TCC Drawing to the Windows clipboard
so that you can paste it directly into other applications.
To export a TCC Drawing to a WMF or DXF File

1. From the Document menu, choose Export.
2. (You cannot export a portion of a TCC Drawing, so only the Source option button is
selected.) Under Destination, do one of the following:
To export the TCC Drawing to a Windows Metafile, select the Placeable Metafile
option button.
To export the TCC Drawing to a DXF File, select the DXF File option button.
3. In the File Name box, type the filename for the exported metafile. The name of the
TCC Drawing is used as the default name. The metafile is saved in the project
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directory by default, but you can save it in any directory you choose by typing a valid
path before the filename. You can also choosing the browse button to provide a path.
To export a One-Line Diagram to the Windows clipboard

1. From the Document menu, choose Export.
2. (You cannot export a portion of a TCC Drawing, so only the Source optino button is
selected.) Under Destination, select the Clipboard option button.
1.4.11 Printing a TCC Drawing

When you print a TCC Drawing, PTW automatically prints it to the selected printer, and
includes the selected printing options. If you want to print on a printer other than the
default printer, you must first select the printer you want. For information on selecting a
printer or for help with print setup options, see Section 3.5, Working with Documents in
the PTW Users Guide.
Tip: Sometimes when you print single-line curves such as relays and motor
starting curves they disappear among the TCCs grid lines, since they have the same
width. You can make these single-line curves thicker so they stand out against the grid
lines using the Pen Width command (Settings menu), which allows you to adjust the pen
widths of single-line curves. You can also, if you want, set a thicker pen width for all
devices. In this case, for curves with breadth (such as breakers), the pen width applies to
the outline.
To print a TCC Drawing

1. From the Document menu, choose the Print command.
To preview the TCC Drawing as it will appear on paper, use the print preview mode.
To preview a TCC Drawing

From the Document menu, choose the Print Preview command.
Click the Print Preview button on the Toolbar.
For help with the print preview mode, see Section 6.14.1, Previewing a Drawing.
To print a TCC Drawing with One-line and Titleblock

1. From the Document menu, choose the Form Print function
2. Select the Form you wish to use and print a single-TCC or a group of TCCs.
For additional information regarding Form Print, refer to the PTW Users Guide.

1.5 Changing Colors, Fonts, and Patterns

For most applications, the default colors, fonts, and patterns on the TCC Drawing should
provide an adequate blend of professionalism and aestheticism. However, at any time you
may change any or all of these elements.
You may make changes to the component curves (discussed in Section 1.5.1, For
Component Curves), and to the Drawing grid itself (discussed in Section 1.5.2, For the
Drawing Grid.)
1.5.1 For Component Curves

When PTW adds component curves to the TCC Drawing, it does not pick each curves
color, font, and pattern randomly. Rather, PTW uses the information established in the
Project Options. You may change the colors, patterns, and fonts prior to adding
components to the TCC Drawing (discussed in Prior to Adding Curves, following), or
you may change a specific curves color, pattern, and font after it has been added
(discussed in After Adding Curves, following).
Tip: In addition to the standard patterns there are special patterns called
invisible and hatch. The invisible pattern makes a curves fill invisible, so you can
see whatever lies underneath it (the curve will still have an outline but it will have no
fill). The hatch patterns create a translucent fill, which allows you to see whatever lies
underneath (like the invisible fill) but still draws a fill pattern.
Prior to Adding Curves

The TCC Options subview, shown following, establishes which colors, patterns, and fonts
will be used as you add components. That is, the first curve you add to a TCC Drawing
uses the pattern, color, and font marked #1, the second curve you add uses #2, and so on
until #10 is reached and #1 is used again.
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To change a curves color, pattern, or font prior to adding it

1. From the Project menu, choose Options.
2. Choose the TCC Option Group.
3. Select the check box next to the curve # you want to change.
4. Choose the Color, Pattern, or Font button to change the color, pattern, or font for the
selected curve.
After Adding Curves

You may also change the color, pattern, or font for an existing curve.
To change an existing curves color, pattern, or font

1. Make the component active by doing one of the following:
Click on its curve.
Select it in the TCC Device List box.
2. Choose the Color, Pattern, or Font command from the Settings menu.
3. Choose a new color, pattern, or font for the curve.
The following command allows you to change the font for all curves in the TCC at once.
This command works well when you want to maintain font consistency for all the curves
because you dont have to change each curve individually.
To change the font for all curves in the TCC at once

1. Choose the All Device Font command from the Settings menu.
2. Select a font for the curves.
1.5.2 For the Drawing Grid

You may also make changes to the TCC Drawing grid and its background font (that is, the
X and Y axis labels and the identification labels across the bottom of the TCC Drawing).
To change the Drawing grids color, style and density, or background font
1. Choose the Grid Color, Grid Style and Density, or Background Font command from
the Settings menu.
2. Choose a grid color, grid style and density, or background font for the Drawing grid.
1.6 TCC Default Settings

When a new TCC drawing is created, the defaults are read from the
Project>Options>TCC Settings. The default settings include TCC curve colors, TCC
layout, fault current specification, background, and device properties.

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2 Editing CAPTORs
Library
PTW allows you to edit existing devices in, and add new devices to, the Protective Device
Library. A working knowledge of the CAPTOR Library structure and knowledge about
the specific protective devices are required to modify the Library. Learning about the
CAPTOR Library structure requires fairly intensive effort; however, we recommend your
doing so, because the more time you spend tailoring the Library, the better it will serve
your needs in the future. For use of the Library to assign existing protective device data,
see Chapter 1, CAPTOR Study.
Think of the Protective Device Library as a replacement for the paper library of TCC
curves you may have amassed over the years. Because it is in electronic form, it is easier
to maintain and organize.
This chapter is divided into three parts:
General Library Usage.
The Methodology of Segments, Functions, and Other Modeling Options.
Examples of How To Enter Specific Devices.

IN THIS CHAPTER
General Library Usage.......................................................................................... RM 2-2

Segment Methodology.......................................................................................... RM 2-5
Using Functions .................................................................................................. RM 2-31
Other Modeling Options ..................................................................................... RM 2-34
Low-Voltage Breaker Examples......................................................................... RM 2-37
Motor Protective Device Examples .................................................................... RM 2-76
Fuse Examples .................................................................................................... RM 2-91
Relay Examples .................................................................................................. RM 2-97
HV/MV Breaker Examples............................................................................... RM 2-115
Specialty Device Examples .............................................................................. RM 2-116

2.1 General Library Usage

Important: Before making any changes to the Protective Device Library you should
make a backup copy of it; that way, if you regret any changes you made to manufacturer
data you can recover the original data. In addition, you should always make a backup
copy of the Protective Device Library you have customized. If the customized Library is
lost or accidentally deleted, a current backup will allow you to recover the lost data.
To make a backup copy of the Protective Device Library
1. (Be sure that PTW is not running). Using the Windows Explorer (Windows 95) or
File Manager (Windows 3.1), copy the caplib.pd file, which is the Protective Device
Library, from the ptw32\lib folder (formerly called subdirectory) to a temporary
folder.
2. Rename the caplib.pd file while maintaining the .pd extension (for example,
mydevice.pd).
3. Move the backup copy back to the ptw32\lib folder. When you make a backup copy
of the Library you may store it in the same folder as your current Library. In fact,
unlike projects, numerous Libraries (with unique names) may all be stored within a
single folder.
To make changes to a device category, you need to open that category. The Select a
Device dialog box (discussed in Chapter 1, CAPTOR Study) provides a way to peer into
the Library to select device characteristics. However, it does not constitute an open
Library.
To open a Protective Device Library

Click the Library button on the Toolbar.
Choose Library from the Document menu.
2. In the Select Document Type dialog box, select Protective Device Library and choose
the OK button.
3. In the Protective Device Library dialog box, select caplib.pd (or your backup Library
with a .pd extension) and choose the Open button.
This opens the Protective Device Library. While it looks and functions like the Select a
Device dialog box, it is actually the open version of the Library. You can tell the
difference by looking at the title bar. The open Library displays the Librarys path:
The Select a Device dialog box title bar.
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Editing CAPTORs Library CAPTOR 2-3
The open and editable Protective Device Library title bar.
Once the Library is open, you may open the category type which you want to modify.
Tip: To narrow your search for protective devices (for example, to find all
Westinghouse devices, or to find all 600 V rated devices), you may run a query while the
Library is open. (Select the Query command from the Run menu). Be sure that the
correct category you want to query is selected in the category hierarchy tree. For
example, if caplib.pd is selected, the whole Library will be queried; if Fuses is selected,
both the Low-Voltage and High-Voltage sub-categories will be queried; and if Low-
Voltage is selected, then only the Low-Voltage subcategory will be queried.
To edit an existing device you select it as you would with the Select a Device dialog box.
Click the symbol next to the category containing the device you want to modify. . .
and the category expands. Now click the subcategory. . .
and it opens.
2.1.1 Editing an Existing Device

When you see the list of devices, you may select a device for editing.

To edit an existing protective device

Select the device by clicking on it, then choose Edit from the Device menu.
Double-click on the device name.
Once you have selected a device for editing, a set of tab pages containing the devices data
will appear.
Note: When entering fractions in the CAPTOR Library, if you want to enter a fraction
with a leading integer (for example, 1 1/3) you can enter it directly. However, if there is
no leading integer (for example, 2/3), be sure to precede the fraction by a zero and a
space (as in 0 2/3).
2.1.2 Adding a New Device

You may also add a new device to the category.
To add a new protective device

1. Choose New from the Device menu. A new device with a generic name appears at
the bottom of the device list.
Follow the directions listed in Section 2.1.1, Editing an Existing Device.
2.1.3 Copying an Existing Device

You may also copy an existing device and then rename it or edit it.
To copy an existing device

1. Select an existing devices name (do not double-click on it, or the devices data tab
pages will open).
2. Choose Copy from the Device menu.
3. Choose Paste from the Device menu. The copied device will appear at the bottom of
the device list.
Follow the directions listed in Section 2.1.1, Editing an Existing Device.
Tip: If you want to copy a device from one Protective Device Library to another, you
may do so using these commands. Just copy the device from the source Library, switch
to the destination Library, and choose Paste. (Be sure both Libraries are open.)
2.1.4 Printing an Identification Report of Selected Library

Devices
You may print a report of selected devices identification data in the Library (this report
includes identification data only, not plotting points or other segment data).
To print an identification report of selected library devices

1. With the Protective Device Library open, select the devices for which you want to
create a report. (To select multiple devices, first select one, then hold down the SHIFT
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key, then select another; every device in between will become selected. To select
individual devices, first select one, then hold down the CONTROL key, then select
another; only the devices you click on will become selected.)
2. Choose Report Selected from the Device menu. A spreadsheet containing the
selected devices will appear.
3. Click the Print button.
2.2 Segment Methodology

Important: Manufacturers may provide information on the time-current coordination
curves, and additional information in their operations and maintenance technical manual.
You must consult both publications to accurately model a protective device.
Additionally, CAPTORs flexibility allows use to use different segment types
interchangeably for the same protective device. Therefore, there is no single correct
method for modeling protective devices. We recommend you adhere to the given
examples when possible, as they do provide a useable way to model.
All devices in the library are modeled using segments. For example, a typical static trip
device would be modeled with five segments: LTPU, LTD, STPU, STD, and
Instantaneous. Likewise, an electro-mechanical relay would be modeled with three
segments: Tap block, Time Dial, and Instantaneous. However, when you enter the
devices into the Library, these segment names are user-definable, and only represent a
segment type which you assign to that segment name. Thus, there is a significant
difference between the segment name and the segment type.
The segment name, like a component name, is merely a user-definable label that has
nothing to do with PTWs calculations. By contrast, the segment type, like a component
type, controls PTWs calculations. For example, you could name a transformer
component Copper Cable. While the name Copper Cable identifies that transformer
erroneously, the misnomer is only a visual nuisance; PTW still knows that component is a
transformer (as evidenced by the components correct transformer symbol) in all its
calculations and Studies.
The same is true of segments. When you assign a segment to a protective device in the
TCC Drawing, you are just picking the segment name, which merely represents the
segment type. Rather, the segment type identifies the mathematical properties and
behavior of the segment.
For example, when you assign segment names such as LTPU (Long Time Pick Up) or
STD (Short Time Delay) to a protective device, you are merely picking labels which
represent a segment type. In the case of LTPU, it is actually segment type Pickup (LT,
ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit that makes the segment vertical. In the case of
STD, it is actually segment type Delay Band (I ^ Slope - T) with Open-Clear Time in
Seconds that makes the segment angle down with a negative slope.
In fact, you could rename the segments Segment 1, Segment 2, and so on, but as long
as you assign the proper segment type to the segment name, the segment will behave as
you expect it to on the TCC Drawing. You may also have multiple segments of a type, as
when an electro-mechanical relay has three different tapblocks: Tapblock (Low),
Tapblock (Medium), and Tapblock (High).

This curve
behavior. . .
is determined by
the segment
name you
choose for
Segment 1. . .
which represents the actual

segment type.
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This curve
behavior. . .
is determined by
the segment
name you
choose for
Segment 2. . .
which represents the actual

segment type.

These are the segment types:

1. Fuse Curve
2. Time-Current Points
3. Opening and Clearing Curve
4. Time-Current Points with Multiple Curves
5. Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit
6. Pickup with Current Settings in Per Unit
7. IEC LTPU
8. Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve
9. Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj. Tolerance & Open-Clear Curve
10. Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Bands
11. Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal Delay Band
12. Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds
13. Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds
14. (I^2-T)-Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in Seconds
15. T= AD/ (I/Ipu) ^N - C) + BD + K
16. T= SM (A+B (I/Ipu -C) + D/(I/Ipu - C)^2 + E/(I/Ipu -C)^3)
17. Fix Time Horizontal Line
Not all segments are available for all protective devices. As shown in the following table,
each type of device allows certain segments.
Segment types
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
LV Breakers
static trip
ground fault
thermal magnetic molded case
power circuit
Motors
motor circuit protector
motor overload
static motor protector
Fuses
low voltage
high voltage
Relays
electro mechanical
electronic
IEC type
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral
without sensor integral
Specialty Devices
recloser
specialty device
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
The following tables illustrate the functions of each segment type.
3/26/2006
2.2.1 Fuse Curve segment type

This segment type models the segment using selected points. You supply the points
locations using their location on the graph in amperes (X axis) and seconds (Y axis). You
must select points carefully, as CAPTOR models the segments curvature based on them.
See Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions of Segments for an explanation of how
CAPTOR draws segments based on points.
Since this segment follows the points you select, it will follow whatever path you supply,
be it horizontal, vertical, or (more typically) curving down in an inverse time-current
relationship. If you supply points for the opening and the clearing curves, CAPTOR will
fill in the space between them; otherwise, if you only supply the opening points, a single
line will be plotted.
For each cartridge size you supply one set of points which define that curves shape. For
that cartridge size you may also supply multiple trip sizes, which will use that curves
shape but will be plotted at a smaller current level. (The largest trip size uses the literal
location of the points you supply, while the smaller trip sizes determine their amperes (X
axis) points based on the ratio of the largest trip size to the smaller trip size. Therefore,
the fuse curve is a function of the trip size.)
Available for Function

Fuses
low voltage none
high voltage none
Typical Fuse Curve segment type data entry

2.2.2 Time-Current Points segment type

This segment type resembles the Fuse Curve segment type in that CAPTOR models it
using selected points. See Section 2.2.1, Fuse Curve. Its differs from the Fuse Curve
segment type in two ways: it does not allow a tolerance band (only a single line will be
plotted), and the segment shifts left or right based on the function type you assign to it.
See Section 2.3, Using Functions.
See Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC check box for information on the Initially
Shown in TCC check box.

Motors
static motor protector setting*full load amps
Relays
electro mechanical tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
electronic tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
IEC type tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
Specialty Devices
recloser setting*trip
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
specialty device current*full load amps
current entered in amps
Typical Time-Current Points segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.3 Opening and Clearing Curve segment type

This segment type resembles the Fuse Curve segment type in that CAPTOR models it
using selected points. See Section 2.2.1, Fuse Curve. Its differs from the Fuse Curve
segment type in one way: the segment shifts left or right based on the function type you
assign to it. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.

LV Breakers
static trip setting*sensor
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
ground fault setting*sensor
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
thermal magnetic molded case current*trip
current*frame
setting in amps
Motors
motor overload current*full load amps
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral setting*sensor
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
Typical Opening and Clearing Curve segment type data entry

2.2.4 Time-Current Points with Multiple Curves segment type

This segment models a single line that is vertically adjustable. You only chose one set of
amperes (X axis) points, which are fixedthey determine the distance between the
leftmost and rightmost points of the line. You must choose a set of seconds (Y axis)
points for each of the segments settings. Since the line for each setting follows the points
you select, it follows whatever path you supply, be it horizontal, vertical, or angular,
although typically the line will slope down and to the right, either straight or curved. See
Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions of Segments for an explanation of how
CAPTOR draws segments based on points. The Dial Value and Dial Desc cells are user-
definable descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations. The Dial Desc names are
used when the Dial Settings option button is set to Discrete, and the Dial Value names are
used when the Dial Settings option button is set to Continuous.
In addition to setting adjustments, this segment will shift to the left or right based on the
function type you select. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.
Shown in TCC check box. See Section 2.4.1, Discrete/Continuous option button for
information on the Discrete/Continuous option buttons.

Motors
static motor protector current*full load amps
Relays
electro mechanical current*primary amps
current*CT ratio
current*LTPU amps
electronic current*primary amps
current*CT ratio
current*LTPU amps
IEC type current*primary amps
current*CT ratio
current*LTPU amps
Typical Time-Current Points with Multiple Curves segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.5 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit segment type
This segment type models a vertical segment with or without a tolerance band. You
specify the amperes (X axis) values, which determine the location of the segment (the
Desc cells are user-definable descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations.) You
may also specify a tolerance in pickup percentages; see Section 2.4.3, Specifying a
Tolerance Band for more information.
function type you select. Also, for relays which are set as a function of the CT Ratio, a
secondary current must also be entered. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.

LV Breakers
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps
Motors
static motor protector setting*full load amps
Relays
electro mechanical tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
electronic tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
IEC type tap*CT ratio
tap*primary amps
tap*LTPU amps
HV/MV Breakers
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps
Specialty Devices
recloser setting*trip
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps

Typical Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.6 Pickup with Current Settings in Per Unit segment type

This segment works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit
segment type (see Section 2.2.5, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit)
except that you specify the pickup settings and separate current settings. This changes the
location of the segment because, as shown in the following table of functions, CAPTOR
uses the product of the pickup setting and the current setting as the plotting points.

LV Breakers
static trip pickup setting*current setting*sensor
pickup setting*currentsetting*frame
pickup setting*current setting*plug
Typical Pickup with Current Settings in Per Unit segment type data entry

2.2.7 IEC LTPU segment type

This segment works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit
segment type (see Section 2.2.5, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit)
except that you also specify a single Secondary Current value, a single Rated Current
value, and a single K Factor value. These supplemental values change the segments
location because, as shown in the following table, this segments function uses the values
in plotting the segment. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.

Relays
IEC type plug*rated current*CT ratio*K
Typical IEC LTPU segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.8 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve segment type
This segment type combines a vertical segment (with or without a tolerance band) with a
downward-sloping line (with or without a clearing curve). Data entry for the vertical
portion of the segment works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in
Per Unit segment type (see Section 2.2.5, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per
Unit) Data entry for the downward-sloping portion of the curve works exactly like the
Opening and Clearing Curve segment (see Section 2.2.3, Opening and Clearing Curve
segment type.)
There are two functions to select: one for the pickup portion and one for the curved
portion. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.
Available for Pickup Function Curve Function

LV Breakers
static trip setting*sensor fixed
setting*plug normalized and track pickup
setting*frame current entered in amps
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
setting*short time rating
ground fault setting*sensor fixed
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps
thermal magnetic molded case current*trip fixed
current*frame normalized and track pickup
setting in amps current entered in amps
current*LTPU amps
Motors
motor circuit protector tap in amps fixed
normalized and track pickup
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral setting*sensor fixed
setting in amps
setting*LPTU amps

Typical Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.9 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Bands segment type
This segment type works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear
Curve segment type (see Section 2.2.8, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve)
except that you may specify points for more than one curve portion, which makes the
curved portion adjustable up or down.

LV Breakers
power circuit setting*sensor fixed
setting*amps
setting*LTPU amps

Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Bands segment type data entry (spreadsheet expanded
for clarity)
3/26/2006
2.2.10 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj. Tolerance & Open-Clear
Curve segment type
This segment type works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear
Curve segment type (see Section 2.2.8, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve)
except that you may specify a distinct tolerance for each setting, as opposed to applying a
single tolerance percentage to all the settings. Due to this, the width of the tolerance band
changes with each setting.

LV Breakers
thermal magnetic molded case current*trip fixed
current*frame normalized and track pickup
setting in amps current entered in amps
current*LTPU amps

Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj. Tolerance & Open-Clear Curve segment type
3/26/2006
2.2.11 Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal Delay Band segment
type
This segment type combines a vertical segment (with or without a tolerance band) with a
horizontal segment (with a fixed width). Data entry for the vertical portion of the segment
works exactly like the Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit segment type
(see Section 2.2.5, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in Per Unit) Data entry for the
horizontal portion requires a single opening and a single clearing time (in seconds). This
horizontal portion does have a special feature called fillet radius, for which you enter a
single opening and a single clearing time. See Using Fillet Radius, following.

LV Breakers
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps
setting*override rating
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps
thermal magnetic molded case current*trip
current*frame
setting in amps
current*LTPU amps
power circuit setting*sensor
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting*amps
setting*LTPU amps
setting*override rating
Motors
motor circuit protector tap in amps
HV/MV Breakers
setting*plug
setting*frame
setting in amps
setting*LTPU amps

Typical Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal Delay Band segment type data entry
Using Fillet Radius

This feature allows you to model the rounded-off elements found on the horizontal band
of some protective devices. The Opening Time of the Fillet Radius controls the incurve of
the opening time, while the Clearing Time of the Fillet Radius actually adds an arced band
to the clearing time. Refer to the following pictures:
Opening and Opening Fillet Clearing Fillet Opening and

Clearing Fillet Radius set to .4 Radius set to .4 Clearing Fillet
Radius set to 0 Radius set to .4
3/26/2006
2.2.12 Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds segment

type
This segment type models a sloped segment with or without a tolerance band. For each
setting you specify a time (Y axis) in seconds, which determine the location of the
segment (the Desc cells are user-definable descriptions; they are not used in PTWs
calculations.) You may also specify a tolerance in pickup percentages; see Section 2.4.3,
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information.
You also need to enter a slope for the segment. To calculate the slope, just pick two
points on the segment, choose the Calculate button by the Slope box, and enter the points;
PTW will calculate the slope for you.
In addition to setting adjustments, this segment will shift left or right based on the function
type you select. See Section 2.3, Using Functions.

LV Breakers
static trip 6.0 (or other multiplier)*sensor
6.0 (or other multiplier)*plug
6.0 (or other multiplier)*frame
6.0 (or other multiplier)*LTPU Amps
ground fault 6.0 (or other multiplier)*sensor
Motors
static motor protector 6.0 (or other multiplier)*LTPU Amps
Relays
electro mechanical 6.0 (or other multiplier)*CT Ratio
6.0 (or other multiplier)*Primary Amps
electronic 6.0 (or other multiplier)*CT Ratio
IEC type 6.0 (or other multiplier)*CT Ratio
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral 6.0 (or other multiplier)*sensor

Typical Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds segment type data entry
3/26/2006
2.2.13 Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds

segment type
This segment type works exactly like the Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in
Seconds (see Section 2.2.12, Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds)
segment type except that you enter opening and clearing times (Y axis) in seconds for
each setting, instead of entering a single tolerance percentage for all the settings. Thus,
each setting may have its own width of tolerance band. In addition, the opening and the
clearing may have their own slopes, instead of a single slope for both. Calculate the
opening slope by picking two points on the opening and using the Calculate button just as
you would for the Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Settings in Seconds segment type.
After that, calculate the clearing slope by picking two points on the clearing and using the
Calculate button.

LV Breakers
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral 6.0 (or other multiplier)*sensor
Typical Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds segment type data entry

2.2.14 (I^2-T)+Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in

Seconds segment type
This segment combines a sloped i2t and a horizontal segment into a single segment. This
works well to model a Short Time Delay (STD) segment combined with an i2t segment.
When the segment appears on the TCC Drawing, it will initially appear with the i2t
segment set to In or Out based on your selection of the Initially In or Initially Out option
button.
You enter data for the i2t portion of the segment just as you would for the Delay Band
(I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds (see Section 2.2.13, Delay Band
2
i t In.
(I^Slope-T) with Open-Clear Time in Seconds). For the horizontal portion you select an
opening and a clearing time for each setting. (The Desc cells are user-definable
descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations.)
2
i t Out.
LV Breakers
6.0 (or other multiplier)*1.0 Amp
Typical (I^2-T)+Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in Seconds segment type data
entry (spreadsheet expanded for clarity)
3/26/2006
2.2.15 T= AD/ (I/Ipu) ^N - C) + BD + K segment type

This segment plots a time curve governed by the listed equation, where T is time, D is the
Dial amount listed in the setting cell, and A, B, C, K, and N are the constants listed in their
boxes. The Desc cells are user-definable descriptions for the settings; PTW does not use
these cells in its calculations.
The static motor protector device allows a tolerance band; see Section 2.4.3, Specifying a
Tolerance Band for more information. The other protective devices will plot a single
line.
The value in the Minimum Pickup box is a multiplier to determine at what point CAPTOR
will begin plotting the curve (CAPTOR multiplies the value in this box by the current to
determine the Amperes (X axis) point to start plotting). If you enter a value of 1.0,
CAPTOR will plot the curve all the way to the pickup. Typically manufacturers start
plotting using a value of 1.05, so that if the pickup value is 10 A, the curve will be plotted
beginning at 10A 1.5 , or 10.5 A.

Motors
static motor protector none
Relays
electro mechanical none
electronic none
IEC type none
Typical T= AD/ (I/Ipu) ^N - C) + BD + K segment type data entry

2.2.16 T= SM (A+B (I/Ipu -C) + D/(I/Ipu - C)^2 + E/(I/Ipu -C)^3)

segment type
This segment plots a time curve governed by the listed equation, where T is time, S is the
Shifter amount listed in the Shifter cell, M is the Multiplier amount listed in the
Multiplier cell, and A, B, C, D, and E are the constants listed in their boxes.
The static motor protector device allows this segment to have a tolerance band; see
Section 2.4.3, Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. The other protective
devices will plot a single line.
The value in the Minimum Pickup box is a multiplier to determine at what point CAPTOR
will begin plotting the curve (CAPTOR multiplies the value in this box by the current to
determine the Amperes (X axis) point to start plotting). If you enter a value of 1.0,
plotting using a value of 1.05, so that if the pickup value is 10 A, the curve is plotted at
10A 1.5 , or 10.5 A.

Motors
Relays
electronic none
IEC type none
Typical T= SM (A+B (I/Ipu -C) + D/(I/Ipu - C)^2 + E/(I/Ipu -C)^3) segment type data
entry
3/26/2006
2.2.17 Fix Time Horizontal Line segment type

values, which determine the location of the segment (the Desc cells are user-definable
descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations.)
The static trip, ground fault, and hv/mv breaker with sensor integral protective devices
allow a tolerance band; see Section 2.4.3, Specifying a Tolerance Band for more
information. The other protective devices will plot a single line.

LV Breakers
static trip none
ground fault none
Motors
Relays
electronic none
IEC type none
HV/MV Breakers
with sensor integral none
Typical Fix Time Horizontal Line segment type data entry
2.3 Using Functions

Most of the segment types use a function of some kind. While some segment types use
one function that cannot be changed, most allow you to select a function. It is important
that you understand how functions work so that you will pick the correct one.

Important: A protective devices function(s) may not be immediately apparent. While it

helps to analyze the manufacturer data carefully, there simply may not be enough
information in the available material or catalog. If this is the case, you should contact the
manufacturer directly to find out the devices function(s).
The purpose of a function is to change the current level at which the segment will be
plotted based on the data it receives. In visual terms, a function literally moves the
segment left or right depending on the data it receives. This movement will occur in
addition to any amperes (that is, left-right) or seconds (that is, up-down) movement that
you perform on a segment by adjusting its setting.
For example, when an LTPU segment type has a function of setting*sensor, the setting
value you enter will be multiplied by the sensor value to determine the actual pickup value
where the LTPU will be plotted. Therefore, if the setting value is 0.7, and the sensor
value is 50.0, the LTPU will actually plot at 0.7 50.0 , or 35 amperes, not at the 0.7
amperes you entered in the Library; and if you change the sensor value to 100.0, the
segment will now move to 0.7 100.0 or 70 amperes, even though you did not change the
setting of 0.7. If you instead set the LTPU as a function of setting*frame the segment
will now move left or right based on the selected frame size of the protective device.
Tip: If you want a pickup setting to plot using the exact values you have entered in the
Library, you can use the setting in amps function. The segment will not move left or
right because this is essentially a non-function, dependent only the setting values as
they are entered.
Similarly, when an LTD segment type has a function of 6*sensor, the amperes (X axis)
points will change if you change the sensor value, thereby moving that LTD left or right,
even though an LTD will only move up or down when you adjust its setting. If you make
the LTD a function of 6*frame, the LTD will move left or right with the frame value.
Tip: Although most manufacturers provide data for static trip devices at a multiple of
6*, you may find that 6* proves too difficult to use (that is, if it forces you to literally
interpolate right off the page). If so, you can type a lower value such as 3.
Most functions are self-explanatory, as their names are merely their mathematical
function. However, there are some functions that require further explanation.
2.3.1 Functions Using CT Ratio

Relays may be set as a function of the CT (current-transformer) ratio. When this function
is chosen, the pickup will be calculated using the secondary current that is typed in the
Library, along with the primary current which is typed in the TCC Drawing dialog box at
the time of coordination.
2.3.2 Functions Based on LTPU

When a segment is set as a function of LTPU amps, it actually moves with the LTPU. The
following example illustrates this characteristic.
3/26/2006
Typically segments are a function of the

sensor or frame size. Thus, when you
move the INST segment, as shown in this
example, it moves alone.
When a segment is set as a function of the

LTPU segment, it actually moves with the
LTPU segment. In this example, the STPU
segment has been set as a function of the
LTPU segment.
Multiple segments may be set as functions

of the LTPU segment, as shown here.

2.3.3 Functions of the Pickup-with-Curve segments

Those segments that combine a pickup portion with a curved portion actually have two
functions that you must select, one for each portion. The pickup portions function works
like those described earlier in this section. The curved portions function, however,
determines how the curved portion of the segment will move in relation to the pickup
portion.
There are three function types for the curved portion: normalized and track pickup,
fixed, and current entered in amps. These functions determine how the curved portion
will be drawn in relation to the pickup portion when the pickup is moved.
When set to normalized and track pickup, the curved portion will move with the pickup
whereas when set to fixed, the curved portion will not move with the pickup. Refer to the
following pictures:
When set to normalized and whereas when set to fixed it

track pickup, the curved will not move with the pickup.
portion will move with the
pickup. . .
Note, however, that the curved portion and the pickup portion will still move as one
cohesive segment when the pickups function is setting*sensor or setting*frame and the
sensor or frame value is changed.
The third function type, current entered in amps, is essentially a non-function, plotting
the curved portion exactly as the points are given; even when the pickups function is set
to setting*sensor or setting*frame and the sensor or frame value is changed, the curved
portion will not move. Therefore, if you use this function type, we advise that you set the
pickup portions function to setting in amps also; otherwise, nonsense segments can
result.
2.4 Other Modeling Options
2.4.1 Discrete/Continuous option button

When set to Discrete, the segment may only be set to the settings you have entered; when
set to Continuous, the segment may be set to any amount between the valid minimum and
valid maximum setting. If the manufacturer has only supplied you with a specified range
(as opposed to settings specified in per unit values), you should choose Continuous.
3/26/2006
2.4.2 Initially Shown in TCC check box

When you enter a segment in the Library, you may opt whether or not to have it initially
shown by selecting or clearing the Initially Shown in TCC check box. When cleared, the
segment will be hidden when the curve first appears on the TCC Drawing. The segment
will still be available to be added, but will not initially appear when the curve first
appears.
For devices such as the static trip, it is doubtful that you will confuse anyone if you select
a segment as not initially shown. Since the segments follow one another in logical
sequence, one can readily see which segment comes next; if only the LTPU appears, for
example, you know a LTD segment should be added.
LTPU initially LTPU & LTD LTPU, LTD, & LTPU, LTD, LTPU, LTD,
shown. initially shown. STPU initially STPU, & STD STPU, STD, &
shown. initially shown. INST initially
shown.
Some devices, however, will contain several segments meant to be used one at a time,
such as including three different LTPU segments which represent different size tap blocks.
When entering these devices into the Library you should use the Initially Shown check
box more prudently, because shape of the curve changes profoundly depending on which
segment you have chosen to be the first to appear.
LTPU & NORM INV initially LTPU & VERY INV LTPU & EXTREME INV
shown. initially shown. initially shown.

2.4.3 Specifying a Tolerance Band in Percent

When a segment allows a tolerance band to be specified in pickup percentages, a band of
which varies with the setting value will be modeled. I you do not specify any tolerance in
pickup percentages, the segment will be a single line; otherwise the width of the tolerance
band, and whether the tolerance band straddles the setting value or lies to the right or left
of the setting value will be determined by the percentages. For example, tolerance band
values of -10 and 10 cause it to straddle the setting, 0 and 20 cause it to lie to the right of
the setting, and -20 and 0 cause it to lie to the left of the setting. Be sure to include the
minus sign(-) if you want to enter the low tolerance as below zero.
2.4.4 Modeling Curved Portions of Segments

CAPTOR has the ability to model any device characteristics which do not fit into the
straight line category. This capability permits the program to model overcurrent relays,
molded case breakers, fuses, ground fault devices and more. To do this, CAPTOR uses
advanced curve-fitting methods to generate smooth curves with a minimum number of
data points.
In general, the less points you use, the more smooth the curve will be. For a single arc
you only need three data points, as shown:
For a combination of multiple arcs with varying curvature, you will need more data points,
as shown:
3/26/2006
If the results of the modeling differ slightly from the published data, you can add
additional data points to force the curve to the published data. In general, however, you
need not supply an excess of points; rather, just supply the necessary points and let
CAPTOR do the rest.
2.5 Low-Voltage Breaker Examples
2.5.1 Static Trip

Many types of low-voltage circuit breakers use solid-state electronics to control their time-
current characteristics. Equipment manufacturers have developed molded and insulated
case circuit breakers, low-voltage power breakers, and, more recently, fuses to operate
with electronic sensor systems. To model static trip devices properly you should
understand the time-current characteristics of the breaker.
Static trip breakers may have many combinations of operational features and these time-
current characteristics may be expressed as a function of the sensor (or plug), frame, or as
a multiple of the long time pick up and sensor (plug) or frame rating. CAPTOR models
any combination of segments as long as the following criteria are met for each device.
Each static trip device must have:

Long time pickup (LTPU)
Long time delay (LTD)
Short time pickup (STPU)
or
Instantaneous pickup (INST)
or
both short time pickup and instantaneous
Each static trip device may also have:

Short time delay (STD)
Instantaneous short time i2t function

Instantaneous override feature
Note: Frequently, the electronics provide ground fault detection features. The ground
fault features of these devices may be modeled under Static Trip or separately under
Ground Fault.
Often, the manufacturer provides a single protective device model with a large variety of
available features; in such cases, a consistent naming convention allows quick
identification of the manufacturers model and specific features available.
Some static trip devices allow only factory pre-set, calibrated settings for the various
operations (discretely adjustable rotary switch); in some cases, the electronics will allow
you to select a continuous range of features (continuously variable potentiometer). Before
attempting to model static devices, you should get the manufacturer's catalog information
and the published time current curves related to the device.

To add a new Static Trip device or edit an existing Static Trip device, be sure that the
device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General Library Usage.
Once you have opened the Static Trip category, follow these steps.
To add a new Static Trip protective device to the Library

1. Switch to the Device tab page and type device identification. For Max Voltage, type
the devices maximum operating voltage.
2. Switch to the Frame tab page and type frame data. Each device may be divided into
frame sizes each having different interrupting ratings and, in some cases, different
instantaneous override values as a function of the application voltage levels and frame
sizes. Note that each row contains data for a specific frame size. The Frame
Description cells may contain any description you want, as they are not used in
calculations; they only provide descriptions for the frame sizes. You need to enter the
individual Voltage Ratings and Frame Sizes, because PTW uses these values for
calculations.
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If the breaker is furnished with an instantaneous override feature (which is a function

of the frame size), enter the values kA Override data fields. Note that the interrupting
ratings and the override values are in thousands of amperes (kA). An interrupting
rating of 85,000 amperes, therefore, would be entered as 85 kA. The same holds true
for the override values.
Some manufacturers provide an optional short-time rating for breakers, and this
feature can be implemented as long as the short time ratings are identified. Enter the
short-time rating values in thousands of amperes. Normally, a breaker has either an
instantaneous rating or a short-time rating, but not both.
3. Switch to the Sensor tab page and type the various sensor options. Note that the
colored, uneditable row lists the frame size for all the different sensor options in that
row.
4. Switch to the Plug tab page and type the various plug options. Note that the colored,
uneditable row now lists the frame sizes and each frames sensor sizes for all the plug
options in that row.

5. Switch to the Trip Curves tab page.
6. Choose the New button in the lower-left corner to add a new segment. Since segment
options vary radically, see Entering Static Trip Segments, following, for specific
instructions on data entry for the segments.
7. Repeat step 6 for each new segment you want to add.
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Entering Static Trip Segments

The following pictures show typical data that you would receive from the manufacturer.
We will then demonstrate how to translate this manufacturer data into data that you can
enter in the Protective Device Library.
I per unit
LTPU
18% high tolerance.
0.0% low tolerance.
Enter any two points

to define slope.
Adjustable range.
LTD adjustable
range.
High tolerance, * typ.
Low tolerance, * typ.
*Enter values in
seconds @6X
6X
Manufacturer data showing LTPU and LTD.

1 per unit
Calibrate STPU
+/- 10% tolerance.
Typical range or
PU for STPU.
Calibrated STD.
Typical range
Total clearing. of STD.
Minimum opening.
Manufacturer data showing STPU and STD.
3/26/2006
1 per unit
Total clearing @6X = .7s
Short time I 2 T
Minimum clearing
@6X = .4s
6X
Manufacturer data showing fixed i2t function and no STD.

1 per unit
6x
Slope = 1.7
Maximum I 2T values
6@X = .39s
Slope = 1.9
.16
Minimum I 2T values
@6X = .13s
.048
Manufacturer data showing i2t function followed by STD.
3/26/2006
1 per unit
Typical range for

adjustable Inst. PU.
Tolerance 10%
pickup.
Maximum clearing
time.
Manufacturer data showing INST segment.

Long Time Pickup (LTPU)also called Current Setting. This segment determines the
current value at which the breaker will trip for a sustained overload condition.
LTPU data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually LTPU or Current Setting. The name should
correspond to the manufacturers convention. (This name is not used in
calculationsit only provides a user-definable description for the segment type.)
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Settings in
Per Unit, which you should use for most LTPU segments as it provides a vertical
segment with a tolerance band.
6c. Select a pickup calculation. This trip rating is almost always a function of the sensor
(setting*sensor), but can also be a function of the current rating (setting in Amps) or
frame size (setting*frame). See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more
information.
6d. Select the pickup setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
Discrete/Continuous for more information.
6e. In the Setting column, enter the settings for the segment. If the LTPU is continuous,
only the minimum and maximum values need to be entered. However, many devices
with continuous settings have calibrated settings, and each of these settings should be
entered.
6f. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
settings with letters (a, b, and so on); if so, type the letter in the Description cells.
Otherwise, just copy the setting value and use it as the description; however, you
should follow the manufacturers conventions. (The description cells are not used in
calculationsthey only provide user-definable descriptions for the settings.)
6g. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings description cell
and choose the Default Setting command from the Device menu (with Windows 95,
you may use the right mouse button shortcut; see Shortcut to Menu Commands in
Chapter 1, CAPTOR Study). The selected setting will now be the first setting that
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appears for the segment. If no setting is select as the default, the first setting will be
used.
6h. You may also specify a tolerance in pickup percentages; see Section 2.4.3,
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. The published data indicates
that for total clearing, the LTPU is 18 percent above the 1 per unit value. Therefore,
we have entered the low tolerance % as 0 and the high tolerance % as 18. Values of
-10 percent low and 10 percent high, or 0 percent low and 20 percent high are
common for these values. Be sure to include the minus sign(-) if you want to enter
the low tolerance as below zero.
6i. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically static trip breakers include all
its segments as initially shown.
Long Time Delay (LTD). All static devices modeled by CAPTOR must have a long time
delay (LTD).
LTD data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually LTD. The name should correspond to the
manufacturers convention. (This name is not used in calculationsit only provides
a user-definable description for the segment type.)
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-
Clear Time in Seconds, which you should use for most LTD segments as it provides
a sloped-segment with a tolerance band.
6c. Select a per unit multiplier. Usually the default of 6* works fine, but at times 6*
proves too difficult to use (that is, if it forces you to literally interpolate right off the
page). If so, type a lower value such as 3.
6d. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more information.
6e. In the Opening and Clearing columns, enter the opening and clearing times (in
seconds) for each setting.

To determine the values for the opening and clearing times, examine the
manufacturer's TCC at 6* (or your own multiple such as 3*) for each point specified
as an LTD setting. Some manufacturers specify the LTD values at the total clearing
time, others use an average value, and in some cases, the minimum opening time is
used. At the 6* (or other) point, determine the time in seconds for minimum opening,
and the time in seconds for total clearing. Both opening and clearing points should be
entered for each calibrated time setting.
used.
6h. Enter the opening and clearing slopes for the segment. To calculate the opening
slope, chose two points on the opening slope of the LTD segment. Next, choose the
Calculate button to the right of the Opening Slope text box. Enter the first points
amperes (horizontal) location in the A1 box and its seconds (vertical) location in the
T1 box. Enter the second points amperes location in A2 and seconds location in T2.
Choose the Calculate button. The slope should be a negative number. If the slope
seems correct, choose the OK button and the slope will appear in the Opening Slope
text box.
Follow this procedure to calculate the Clearing Slope.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC.
Short Time Pick Up (STPU). Static breakers must have either a short time pickup (STPU)
or instantaneous operation. Many have both operations available. Some type of
instantaneous (either adjustable or fixed override) must be specified, however if the static
breaker does not have a short time pickup, you do not need to create this segment.
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STPU data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually STPU. The name should correspond to the
Per Unit, which you should use for most STPU segments as it provides a vertical
6c. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more information.
entered. Values of 2 pu through 10 pu are typical.
used.
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. Values of -10 percent low and
10 percent high are standard.

Short Time Delay (STD). If a static trip breaker is furnished with a short time pickup
(STPU), it must also have either a short time delay (STD), an i2t function, or both.
without i2t function

STD bands are not a function of the sensor, frame, or current because the STD
band is by definition horizontal (flat). It bears no relation to the current axis (the
X axis).
2
STD (without i t function) data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually STD. The name should correspond to
the manufacturers convention. (This name is not used in calculationsit
only provides a user-definable description for the segment type.)
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with
Open-Clear Time in Seconds.
6c. Select a per unit multiplier. For most STD segments, you should maintain
the default of 0.
6d. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more
information.
6e. In the Opening and Clearing columns, enter the opening and clearing times
(in seconds) for each setting.
6f. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to
their settings with letters (a, b, and so on); if so, type the letter in the
Description cells. Otherwise, just copy the setting value and use it as the
description; however, you should follow the manufacturers conventions.
(The description cells are not used in calculationsthey only provide user-
definable descriptions for the settings.)
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6g. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings
description cell and choose the Default Setting command from the Device
menu (with Windows 95, you may use the right mouse button shortcut; see
Shortcut to Menu Commands in Chapter 1, CAPTOR Study). The
selected setting will now be the first setting that appears for the segment. If
no setting is select as the default, the first setting will be used.
6h. Enter the opening and clearing slopes for the segment. Usually you will
keep the default slopes of 0, as this segment is horizontal.
6i. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its
usage, see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC.
with i2t function (STD- i2t). In the short time operation, static breakers are often
available with an inverse time current function referred to as i2t. Not all short
time inverse current functions follow exactly the squared function which, on log-
log paper, represents a straight line function with a slope of -2. The i2t function
on some breakers may vary as a function of the sensor rating, the frame size, or
the trip setting. It may also be set as a function of the LTPU.
You may combine an STD and an i2t into a single segment, which may have the
i2t set to In or Out. The following picture shows manufacturer data for this type
of function.
STD- I2T data entry (spreadsheet expanded for clarity)
6a. Type a name for the segment; STD-I2T works well to describe its function.
The name should correspond to the manufacturers convention. (This name
is not used in calculationsit only provides a user-definable description for
the segment type.)
6b. Select a segment type. For an STD with an i2t function, use the (I^2-
T)+Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in Seconds segment type,
which allows you to combine a sloped segment and a horizontal segment
into one.

6c. Select the i2t function as Initially In or Initially Out. This determines
whether that portion of the segment will appear when the curve first appears.
See Section 2.2.14, (I^2-T)+Horizontal Delay with Open-Clear Time in
Seconds segment type for an example of this setting.
6d. Select a per unit multiplier. Usually the default of 6* works fine, but at
times 6* proves too difficult to use (that is, if it forces you to literally
interpolate right off the page). If so, type a lower value such as 3.
6e. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more
information.
6f. In the I^2T Opening and I^2T Clearing columns, enter the opening and
clearing times (in seconds) for each setting.
At the 6* (or other) point on the manufacturers drawing, examine the

intercept of the minimum opening time and the total clearing time of the i2t
curve at its lowest setting. In the two cells to the right of your description
(usually MIN), enter these time values. If the i2t function is vertically
variable, the published curves will indicate the characteristics of the i2t
function at the maximum STD setting. In the two cells to the right of your
description (usually MAX), enter values of time for the minimum opening
time and the maximum clearing time at the highest setting, again using the
intercept at the 6* (or other) point. It is important that the values be entered
in the correct order. If the device has a fixed i2t function (only one i2t band),
enter the same set of points for both the Min. and Max. cells.
6g. In the Delay Opening and Delay Clearing columns, enter the opening and
clearing times for the STD portion of the segment.
6h. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to
their settings with letters (a, b, and so on); if so, type the letter in the
Description cells. Otherwise, just copy the setting value and use it as the
description; however, you should follow the manufacturers conventions.
(The description cells are not used in calculationsthey only provide user-
definable descriptions for the settings.)
6i. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings
description cell and choose the Default Setting command from the Device
menu (with Windows 95, you may use the right mouse button shortcut; see
Shortcut to Menu Commands in Chapter 1, CAPTOR Study). The
selected setting will now be the first setting that appears for the segment. If
no setting is select as the default, the first setting will be used.
6j. Enter the opening and clearing slopes for the segment. If the curve follows
the true i2t definition, enter a value of -2 for both slopes. If the curve does
not have a slope of -2, choose two points on the minimum opening i2t curve.
Next, choose the Calculate button to the right of the Opening Slope text box.
Enter the first points amperes (horizontal) location in the A1 box and its
seconds (vertical) location in the T1 box. Enter the second points amperes
location in A2 and seconds location in T2. Choose the Calculate button.
The slope should be a negative number. If the slope seems correct, choose
the OK button and the slope will appear in the Opening Slope text box.
Follow this procedure to calculate the Clearing Slope. If the slope for the
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lower settings differs from the slope for the higher settings, you need to
create two static trip protective devices, one for the lower settings and one
for the higher settings.
6k. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its
usage, see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC.
Instantaneous (INST). The instantaneous pickup (INST PU) is the current value at which
the breaker will operate without intentional delay.
INST data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually INST. The name should correspond to the
6b. Select a segment type. For most INST segments, you should use the Pickup (LT, ST,
INST) with Horizontal Delay Band segment type because it allows you to combine
an adjustable vertical segment with a fixed horizontal band.
6c. Select a pickup calculation. For most devices, the INST is a function of the sensor
rating (setting*sensor), but can also be a function of the current rating (setting in
Amps) or frame size (setting*frame). See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more
information.
6e. In the Setting column, enter the settings for the segment. If the INST is continuous,
entered.

used.
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. Values of -10 percent low and
10 percent high are standard.
6i. In the Delay Seconds boxes enter values (in seconds) for the opening and clearing
times of the horizontal delay band portion of the segment.
6j. If the device includes fillet radii, in the Fillet Radius boxes enter values (in seconds)
for either the opening time or the clearing time, or both. For more information on
how the Fillet Radius works, see Section 2.2.11, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with
Horizontal Delay Band.
6k. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
2.5.2 Ground Fault

Ground fault devices consist of a current sensing mechanism (toroid sensor, current
transformer, and so on) and electronic circuits which compare the ground fault current and
time. If the current exceeds a pre-set value for a specified period of time, the electronics
send a trip signal to a circuit breaking device. In many cases, the electronics of a static
breaker may contain similar features. These devices are nearly always adjustable in the
current range, and have pre-set, calibrated time settings.
To add a new Ground Fault device or edit an existing Ground Fault device, be sure that
the device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General Library
Usage. Once you have opened the Ground Fault category, follow these steps.
To add a new Ground Fault protective device to the Library

3/26/2006
2. Switch to the Frame tab page and type frame data. Each device may be divided into
frame sizes each having different interrupting ratings and, in some cases, different
instantaneous override values as a function of the application voltage levels and frame
sizes. Note that each row contains data for a specific frame size. The Frame
Description cells may contain any description you want, as they are not used in
calculations; they only provide descriptions for the frame sizes. You need to enter the
individual Voltage Ratings and Frame Sizes, because PTW uses these values for
calculations.
row.

3/26/2006
options vary radically, see Entering Ground Fault Segments, following, for specific
Entering Ground Fault Segments

Current in Amperes
3000
Sensor=1600
1000. .2 (320 A)
.3 (480 A)
.4 (640 A)
400. .5 (800 A)
.6 (1120 A)
180.
Sensor=2000
70.0
.2 (400 A)
.3 (600 A)
.4 (800 A)
30.0 .5 (1000 A)
.6 (1200 A)
12.0
Time in Seconds
5.00
5.00
2.00
.800
Max.
.300
Int.
.120
Min.
.050 Inst.
.020
Pick points on the segment.
.010
90 160 300 500 950 1700 3000 5500 9500 18000 31000 60000 100000
Manufacturer data for Ground Fault device.
GFPU. This segment determines the current value at which the breaker will trip for a
sustained overload condition.
GFPU data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually LTPU. The name should correspond to the
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Per Unit, which you should use for most LTPU segments as it provides a vertical
6c. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more
information.
entered.
used.
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. We have entered the low
tolerance % as -22 and the high tolerance % as 0.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically ground fault devices include
all its segments as initially shown.

Ground Fault Delay (GF Delay). This segment models the delay portion.
GF Delay data entry
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually GF Delay. The name should correspond to the
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Delay Band (I^Slope-T) with Open-
Clear Time in Seconds.
6c. Select a per unit multiplier. Usually the default of 6* works fine, but at times 6*
proves too difficult to use (that is, if it forces you to literally interpolate right off the
page). If so, type a lower value such as 3.
6d. Select a pickup calculation. See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more information.
6e. In the Opening and Clearing columns, enter the opening and clearing times (in
seconds) for each setting.
To determine the values for the opening and clearing times, examine the
manufacturer's TCC at 6* (or your own multiple such as 3*) for each point specified
as an LTD setting. Some manufacturers specify the LTD values at the total clearing
time, others use an average value, and in some cases, the minimum opening time is
used. At the 6* (or other) point, determine the time in seconds for minimum opening,
and the time in seconds for total clearing. Both opening and clearing points should be
entered for each calibrated time setting.
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used.
6h. Enter the opening and clearing slopes for the segment. Because the horizontal
segment is flat, the slopes should be zero,
2.5.3 Thermal Magnetic Molded Case

Adjustable breakers typically have either a thermal or a magnetic long-time delay feature,
and a magnetic instantaneous trip feature which is adjustable as a function of the frame
size, or more often, of the trip rating of the device. Some circuit breakers are furnished
with integral fusing (limiters) to boost the interrupting ratings. Limiters are modeled by
CAPTOR as fuses. If the breaker is furnished with a limiter, you should plot the fuse
along with the breaker.
To add a new Thermal Magnetic Molded Case device or edit an existing Thermal
Magnetic Molded Case device, be sure that the device category has been opened, as
described in Section 2.1, General Library Usage.
To add a new Thermal Magnetic Molded Case device to the Library

2. Switch to the Frame tab page and type frame data. Each row contains data for a
specific frame size. The Frame Description cells may contain any description you
want, as they are not used in calculations; they only provide descriptions for the frame
sizes. You need to enter the individual Voltage Ratings, Frame Sizes, and
Interrupting Ratings for each frame, because PTW uses these values for calculations.
Some devices also have a short-time rating and an override rating different from the

interrupting rating if the instantaneous setting is not specified; for these devices, enter
the values in the Short Time (kA) and Override (kA) cells.
3. Switch to the Trip tab page and type the various trip options. Note that the colored,
uneditable row lists the frame sizes.

5. Select a frame size for which you will add segments.
options vary radically, see Entering Thermal Magnetic Molded Case Segments,
following, for specific instructions on data entry for the segments.
3/26/2006
Entering Thermal Magnetic Molded Case Segments

Data points, typ.
High Inst. PU
Low Inst. PU +/- 10%.
+/- 25%.
5X 10X
Adjustable magnetic
For Inst. clearing, trip shown on some
pick any set of manufacturer's TCCs
perunit clearing as a single line with a
Inst. clearing time.
points. given tolerance.
Manufacturer data for Thermal Magnetic Molded Case device.

Long Time Delay (LTD). This segment determines the current value at which the breaker
will trip for a sustained overload condition.
LTD data entry
5a. Type a name for the segment, usually LTD. The name should correspond to the
5b. Select a segment type. This example uses Opening and Clearing Curve, which you
should use for this type of device because it models a curved delay band.
5c. Select a pickup calculation. This is usually either a function of the frame
(current*frame) or the trip (current*trip). See Section 2.3, Using Functions for
more information.
5d. Define the segment using points, giving points on the opening side (Opening
Current and Opening Time columns) and clearing side (Clearing Current and
Clearing Time columns) of the curve in current (X axis) and seconds (Y axis). See
CAPTOR draws segments based on points. If the available data are not expressed in
per unit terms, they must be converted before entering them. For example, some
manufacturers indicate the rating value at a one ampere value on the TCC curve.
Such data have already been converted to per unit by the manufacturer. In some
cases, the data may be shown at a 100 ampere (actually, a 100%) value. Divide all
such values of current by 100 before entering the data. If the data are shown in actual
amperes, divide the data by the ampere rating of the frame size.
In selecting data points, you can achieve satisfactory results with four points spread
out from the 1000 second intercept to the maximum instantaneous current shown on
the manufacturer's curves. Results can be improved by adding more points between
the intercept of the minimum instantaneous pickup point and the maximum pickup
point. It is also necessary to select data points beyond the long time delay curve in
order to assure proper definition of the intercept points. Selecting these additional
points will aid CAPTOR during interpolation for the intercept of the instantaneous
pickup and the long time delay.
3/26/2006
5e. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically, thermal magnetic molded
case breakers include all segments as initially shown.
Instantaneous (INST). The following shows how to model an Instantaneous segment.
INST data entry (supplemental spreadsheet also shown)
5b. Select a segment type. This example uses Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj.
Tolerance & Open-Clear Curve, which you should use for this type of device
because it models a curved delay band.
5c. Select a pickup calculation. This usually either a function of the frame
(current*frame) or the trip (current*trip). See Section 2.3, Using Functions for
more information.

5e. In the Setting column, enter the settings for the pickup (vertical) portion of the
segment. If the segment is continuous, only the minimum and maximum values need
to be entered. However, many devices with continuous settings have calibrated
settings, and each of these settings should be entered.
5f. In the Tolerance Low and Tolerance High cells, enter values for the low- and high-
tolerances (these determine the width of the tolerance band). The tolerance bands are
often different at the low setting and the high setting. Values of +/- 25% low and +/-
10% high are typical values for the tolerance bands. Each setting may have its own
tolerance band.
5g. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
5h. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings description cell
used.
5i. Click the Opening-Clearing Curves button, and the Opening & Clearing Curve dialog
box will appear. As with the LTD segment, define the segment using points, giving
points on the opening side (Opening Current and Opening Time columns) and
clearing side (Clearing Current and Clearing Time columns) of the curve in current
(X axis) and seconds (Y axis). See the LTD segment for a complete description.
Often the manufacturer shows the device as opening without intentional delay; the
low tolerance band for the instantaneous pickup is modeled as a straight line at 0.01
seconds. In this case, define the clearing time at any three per unit values of current
and a time of 0.01 seconds, as shown in the example pictures. For the total
instantaneous clearing amperes, enter no fewer than three, preferably five or six, data
points to model the maximum clearing curve in the instantaneous trip range.
5j. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically thermal magnetic molded
case breakers include all its segments as initially shown.
2.5.4 Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker

To add a new Power Circuit protective device or edit an existing Power Circuit protective
device, be sure that the device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1,
To add a new Power Circuit protective device to the Library

3/26/2006
row.

3/26/2006
options vary radically, see Entering Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Segments,
following, for specific instructions on data entry for the segments.
Entering Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Segments

Long time delay band.
Max.
Inter.
Min.
Define LTD bands. Extrapolate the long time delay curve to a point beyond the maximum STPU.
3/26/2006
Short time delay band
Max.
Inter.
Min.
Short time delay bands that track

with the short time pickup must be
entered relative to the lowest short
time pickup setting.
Define STD bands. Extrapolate the short time delay curve to a point beyond the maximum instantaneous pickup.

LTPU w/ Delay. This segment combines a vertical segment with a sloped segment.
LTPU w/Delay data entry (supplemental spreadsheet also shown and expanded for
clarity)
6a. Type a name for the segment, usually LTPU w/ Delay. The name should correspond
to the manufacturers convention. (This name is not used in calculationsit only
provides a user-definable description for the segment type.)
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear
Bands, which you should use for this type of device because it models a pickup with
an adjustable curved delay band.
information.
3/26/2006
6f. You may also specify a tolerance in pickup percentages; see Section 2.4.3,
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. Values of -10 and 10 are
typical.
used.
6i. Click the Opening-Clearing Curves button, and the Opening & Clearing Curve dialog
box will appear. Define the first band using points, giving points on the opening side
(Opening Current and Opening Time columns) and clearing side (Clearing
Current and Clearing Time columns) of the curve in current (X axis) and seconds
(Y axis). See Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions of Segments for an
explanation of how CAPTOR draws segments based on points.
In selecting the points for the per unit input for both the long time and the short time
bands, the following suggestions will improve the quality of the model CAPTOR will
generate.
Always pick at least two (2) points at the beginning of the curve that come before the
first level of pickup of the following trip function. For example, for a long time delay
followed by a short time pickup, select no fewer than two points below the lowest
short time pickup point. If the short time pickup is adjustable at 2X, then points at 1.0
and 1.75 pickup on the long time delay can be selected. Be sure that when a line is
drawn between these points, that it will not form a vertical line. CAPTOR will try
(and fail) to find the intercept of two parallel lines if this is done. The balance of the
selected points should be selected evenly spaced to a point just past the end of the last
setting of the following function, in this case the short time pickup. We
recommended that no fewer than five be used.
CAPTOR will normalize the per unit current values to the lowest per unit values
indicated in the record. This means that the per unit values may start at any
convenient point. For example, for the long time delay, reading directly from the
manufacturer's drawing may indicate that for the minimum opening time, the per unit
value is 0.90. Use this value and continue to pick points directly from the
manufacturers drawing.
Continue this process for the other bands. Type a name for each band in the cell to
the right of Band 1, Band 2, and so on. (These cells are user-definable; they are
not used in PTWs calculations.)
6j. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
STPU w/ Delay. Follow the same procedure as for the LTPU w/ Delay.

STPU w/Delay data entry (supplemental spreadsheet also shown and expanded for clarity)
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INST. This segment combines a vertical segment with a horizontal segment.
INST data entry
6b. Select a segment type. This example uses Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal
Delay Band, which you should use for this type of device because it models a pickup
with a horizontal band.
information.
used.

Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. Values of -10 and 10 are
typical.
6i. In the Delay Seconds boxes, enter values (in seconds) for the opening and clearing of
the horizontal portion of the segment.
6j. To model a fillet radius on either the opening or the clearing, or both, of the
horizontal portion of the segment, enter values in the Fillet Radius boxes. For an
example of their usage, see Section 2.2.11, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal
Delay Band.
2.6 Motor Protective Device Examples
2.6.1 Motor Circuit Protector

Motor circuit protectors are magnetic-pickup-only breakers designed to trip when the
inrush value of a motor exceeds the normal starting values. The band width of these
devices is seldom published; however, you may model one if one exists. The
instantaneous pickup values may vary among manufacturers.
Limiters are modeled by CAPTOR as fuses. If the breaker is furnished with a limiter, you
should plot the fuse along with the breaker.
To add a new Motor Circuit Protector device or edit an existing Motor Circuit Protector
To add a new Motor Circuit Protector device to the Library

3/26/2006

options vary radically, see Entering Motor Circuit Protector Segments, following,
for specific instructions on data entry for the segments.
Entering Motor Circuit Protector Segments
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TEC36003 3
TEC36050 50
Adjustable magnetic
trip range, low.
Adjustable magnetic
trip range, high.
Manufacturer data for Motor Circuit Protector

TEC36003 and TEC36050. Each is a separate segment from the manufacturers catalog.
TEC36003 data entry
TEC36050 data entry
4a. Type a name for the segment; usually this is a catalog number, such as TEC36050.
The name should correspond to the manufacturers convention. (This name is not
used in calculationsit only provides a user-definable description for the segment
type.)
4b. Select a segment type. This example uses Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal
Delay Band, which you should use for this type of device because it models a pickup
with a horizontal band.
4c. Since only one pickup calculation is available, you have no option to pick another.
See Section 2.3, Using Functions for more information.
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4e. In the Tap (Amps) column, enter the settings for the pickup (vertical) portion of the
4f. In the Tap Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
used.
Specifying a Tolerance Band for more information. Usually motor circuit
protectors do not have a tolerance band.
4i. In the Delay Seconds boxes, enter values (in seconds) for the opening and clearing of
the horizontal portion of the segment.
4j. To model a fillet radius on either the opening or the clearing, or both, of the
horizontal portion of the segment, enter values in the Fillet Radius boxes. For an
example of their usage, see Section 2.2.11, Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal
Delay Band.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically for motor circuit protectors
only one segment will be initially shown.
2.6.2 Motor Overload

To add a new Motor Overload device or edit an existing Motor Overload device, be sure
that the device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General Library
Usage.
To add a new Motor Overload device to the Library


options vary radically, see Entering Motor Overload Segments, following, for
specific instructions on data entry for the segments.
Entering Motor Overload Segments
3/26/2006
Manufacturer data for Motor Overload protective device.
MOL. This segment models an opening and clearing curve.
MOL data entry

3a. Type a name for the segment, usually MOL. The name should correspond to the
3b. Select a segment type. This example uses Opening and Clearing Curve, which you
should use for this type of device because it models a curved delay band.
information.
3d. Define the segment using points, giving points on the opening side (Opening
Current and Opening Time columns) and clearing side (Clearing Current and
Clearing Time columns) of the curve in current (X axis) and seconds (Y axis). See
CAPTOR draws segments based on points. If the available data are not expressed in
per unit terms, they must be converted before entering them. For example, some
manufacturers indicate the rating value at a one ampere value on the TCC curve.
Such data have already been converted to per unit by the manufacturer. In some
cases, the data may be shown at a 100 ampere (actually, a 100%) value. Divide all
such values of current by 100 before entering the data. If the data are shown in actual
amperes, divide the data by the ampere rating of the frame size.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically, thermal magnetic molded
case breakers include all segments as initially shown.
2.6.3 Static Motor Protector

To add a new Static Motor Protector device or edit an existing Static Motor Protector
To add a new Static Motor Protector device to the Library

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options vary radically, see Entering Static Motor Protector Segments, following, for
Entering Static Motor Protector Segments

Curve 8
Curve 7
Curve 6
Curve 5
Curve 4
Curve 3
Curve 2
Curve 1
Manufacturer data for Static Motor Protector device.
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LTPU. This segment creates a vertical segment.
LTPU data entry
Per Unit, which you should use for this type of device because it models a pickup.
used.

3h. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically static motor protectors
include all segments as initially shown.
Time Dials. This segment models a curved segment with multiple settings.
Time Dials data entry (spreadsheet expanded for clarity)
3a. Type a name for the segment, usually Time Dials. The name should correspond to
the manufacturers convention. (This name is not used in calculationsit only
3b. Select a segment type. This example uses Time-Current Points with Multiple
Curves because it models a curved segment with multiple settings.
3d. Select the dial setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
3e. In the Current column, enter one set of amperes (X axis) points, which are
fixedthey determine the distance between the leftmost and rightmost points of the
line.
3f. In the Time(s) columns, enter a set of seconds (Y axis) points for each of the
segments settings. Since the line for each setting follows the points you select, it
follows whatever path you supply, be it horizontal, vertical, or angular, although
typically the line will slope down and to the right, either straight or curved. See
3g. In the Dial Desc and Dial Value rows, enter the names for the settings. Both of these
rows are just user-definable descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations.
The Dial Desc names are used when the Dial Settings option button is set to Discrete,
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and the Dial Value names are used when the Dial Settings option button is set to
Continuous. For both, you should follow the manufacturers naming conventions.
used.
INST. This segment models a pickup.
INST data entry
Per Unit, which you should use for this type of device because it models a pickup.

used.
Definite Time. This segment models a fixed horizontal line segment.
Definite Time data entry
3a. Type a name for the segment, usually Definite Time. The name should correspond to
3b. Select a segment type. This example uses Fix Time Horizontal Line, which models
a horizontal line segment.
3e. In the Setting column, enter the settings in seconds for the segment. If the segment is
continuous, only the minimum and maximum values need to be entered. However,
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many devices with continuous settings have calibrated settings, and each of these
settings should be entered.
used.
2.7 Fuse Examples

To add a Fuse or edit an existing Fuse, be sure that the device category has been opened,
as described in Section 2.1, General Library Usage.
To add a new Fuse to the Library

2. Switch to the Cartridge tab page and type Cartridge data. Each row contains data for
a specific cartridge size. The Cartridge Description cells may contain any description
you want, as they are not used in calculations; they only provide descriptions for the
cartridge sizes. You need to enter the individual Voltage Ratings, Cartridge Sizes,

and Interrupting Ratings for each cartridge, because PTW uses these values for
calculations. The cartridge size should equal the maximum trip size in the group,
which you enter in the next step.
3. Switch to the Trip tab page and type the various trip sizes. Note that the colored,
uneditable row contains the cartridge sizes. You may combine several trip sizes under
a common cartridge size provided that the curves are of the same shape. See
Entering Fuse Curve Segments, following, for more information.

5. Choose a Cartridge Size from the Cartridge Size List box and enter data points for it.
See Entering Fuse Curve Segments, following, for assistance with this step.
6. Repeat step 5 for each cartridge size.
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Entering Fuse Curve Segments

Clearing curve
(total clearing curve)
Opening curve
(minimum melt curve)
Manufacturer data for a fuse curve.

Fuse Curve data entry
This segment type models the segment wholly using selected points. You supply the
points locations using their location on the graph in amperes (X axis) and seconds (Y
axis). You must select points carefully, as CAPTOR models the segments curvature
based on them. See Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions of Segments for an
explanation of how CAPTOR draws segments based on points. You should test each
cartridge size to verify the shape of the fuse curve, and move points or add more points to
force the curve to the desire shape.
Since this segment follows the points you select, it follow will whatever path you supply,
be it horizontal, vertical, or angular. You may include a tolerance band by supplying
points for the opening and the clearing curves; otherwise, if you only supply the opening
points, a single line (that is, without a tolerance band) will be plotted.
To save time entering data points, you may combine several trip sizes under a common
cartridge size provided that the curves are of the same shape. They must be shaped alike
because each cartridge size uses one set of data points for its shape (some manufacturers
group differently-shaped curves under a single cartridge size).
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10 15 25 50 75 100
Frame Trip
100A 10A
15A
25A
50A
75A
100A
Manufacturers trip groupings.
As shown in the above picture, the manufacturer has grouped all the curves under one
cartridge size: 100A. However, due to the two distinct curve shapes, in CAPTOR you
must divide these into two groups: the 10, 15, and 25 A trip curves in one group, and the
50, 75, and 100 A curves in another group. Since the cartridge size equals the maximum
trip size in the group, the first group will be assigned a 25 A cartridge size and the second
group will be assigned a 100 A cartridge size.
Note: Manufacturer's curves are typically plotted on log-log paper which can affect the
appearance of curves relative to each other. You should take this possible distortion into
account when grouping curves.
While appearance is a good general indicator of curve groupings, appearance alone does
not ensure that the curves have the same curve shape characteristics and are shifted
horizontally dependent on the trip to cartridge ratio; in fact, many fuse curves appear
deceptively similar when in reality they are slightly different. Therefore, once these
provisional groupings have been made, you should check their suitability for grouping
using the following test in CAPTOR.

To test curves suitability for grouping
1. Verify that the trip sizes move left and right by their trip-to-cartridge ratio relative to
the maximum trip size using the following equation:
Trip
I mt = I
Cartridge
where
Cartridge cartridge size;
Trip trip rating of the curve currently being tested;
Imt for a given time value, the corresponding current value of the maximum
trip size fuse curve.
2. Compare the resulting value I to the actual current value of the trip size being tested,
which is obtained from the manufacturer's curve.
3. If the values are equal, then the trip curve being tested may be grouped under the
selected cartridge size. If the values are not equal, then assign the curve its own
cartridge size, or test the curve under a different cartridge size (family of curves).
Because fuse curves can be deceptively similar, it is recommended that this test be
repeated at several time values extending over the length of the curve to ensure that they
are actually shifted by their trip-to-cartridge ratio. The testing process is illustrated
graphically following:
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Since this 100 A trip curve is the

25 50 100 largest, the cartridge size is 100 A.
We will test the two smaller trip
curves to see if they belong in the
100 A cartridge size.
50
800A = 400A
100
which equals 400A 800A
25
800A = 200A which
100
does not equal 170A
(Curve cannot be
included in 100 A
cartridge size.)
170A 400A
2.8 Relay Examples
2.8.1 Electro Mechanical Relay

An overcurrent relay is defined as any device, static or mechanical, which generates an
inverse time current characteristic and sends a trip signal to some type of interrupting
device. These relays have adjustable transformer taps to scale an input voltage from a

current transformer(s) installed around the bus or cable. These relays also have provisions
to adjust the time values for pickup of the relay. Often, an instantaneous relay is
associated with the inverse time-current relay. The instantaneous relays also have a
provision for adjusting the pickup value; instantaneous relays have no provisions for time
adjustment.
The pickup value of a relay is defined by:
Pickup = CT ratio tap setting
To add a new Electro Mechanical Relay or edit an existing Electro Mechanical Relay, be
sure that the device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General
Library Usage.
To add a new Electro Mechanical Relay to the Library

3/26/2006
options vary radically, see Entering Electro Mechanical Relay Segments, following,
for specific instructions on data entry for the segments.
Entering Electro Mechanical Relay Segments

Manufacturer data for Electro Mechanical relay.
3/26/2006
Pickup
Pickup moves curve

right or left.
Time dial moves

curve up or down.
Instantaneous pickup
moves right or left.
Typical segments of an Electro Mechanical relay.

LTPU. This segment creates a vertical segment.
LTPU data entry (spreadsheet expanded for clarity)
Per Unit, which models a pickup.
information.
3d. If you set the pickup calculation to Tap*CT Ratio, type a value in the Secondary
Current box. See Section 2.3.1, Functions Using CT Ratio for more information.
3e. Select the pickup setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
3f. In the Tap (pu) column, enter the per unit tap settings for the pickup (vertical)
portion of the segment. If the segment is continuous, only the minimum and
maximum values need to be entered. However, many devices with continuous
settings have calibrated settings, and each of these settings should be entered.
3g. In the Tap Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
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used.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically relays include this segment as
initially shown.
Time Dials. This segment a curved segment with multiple settings.
Time Dials data entry (spreadsheet expanded for clarity)
3a. Type a name for the segment, usually Time Dials. The name should correspond to
3b. Select a segment type. This example uses Time-Current Points with Multiple
Curves because it models a curved segment with multiple settings.
information.
3d. Select the dial setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. When set to
Discrete, the segment may only be set to the settings you have entered; when set to
Continuous, the segment may be set to any amount between the valid minimum and
valid maximum setting. If the manufacturer has only supplied you with a specified
range (as opposed to settings specified in per unit values), you should choose
Continuous.
3e. In the Current column, enter one set of amperes (X axis) points, which are
fixedthey determine the distance between the leftmost and rightmost points of the
line. In the Time(s) columns, enter a set of seconds (Y axis) points for each of the
segments settings. Since the line for each setting follows the points you select, it
follows whatever path you supply, be it horizontal, vertical, or angular, although
typically the line will slope down and to the right, either straight or curved. See
It is recommended that for each calibrated time dial curve provided by the equipment
manufacturer a set of data points be provided. At least three points are required (5 to 6
are recommended) for each calibrated time dial.

3f. In the Dial Desc and Dial Value rows, enter the names for the settings. Both of these
rows are just user-definable descriptions; they are not used in PTWs calculations.
The Dial Desc names are used when the Dial Settings option button is set to Discrete,
and the Dial Value names are used when the Dial Settings option button is set to
Continuous. For both, you should follow the manufacturers naming conventions.
used.
INST (High). This segment models a pickup.
INST (High) data entry
3a. Type a name for the segment, usually INST (High). The name should correspond to
information.
3/26/2006
3f. In the Tap column, enter the per unit tap settings for the pickup (vertical) portion of
the segment. If the segment is continuous, only the minimum and maximum values
need to be entered. However, many devices with continuous settings have calibrated
used.
initially shown.
Definite Time. This segment models a horizontal segment.
a horizontal line segment.

3c. Select the pickup setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
3d. In the Setting column, enter the settings in seconds for the segment. If the segment is
continuous, only the minimum and maximum values need to be entered. However,
3e. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
3f. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings description cell
used.
3g. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
2.8.2 Electronic
CAPTOR allows you to model "solid state" relays that represent time/current
characteristics utilizing an arithmetic equation.
Time characteristic curves follow a relation that can be expressed as shown:
AD
T= N
+ BD + K
M -C
where
D time dial setting (0.0 to 9.9);
M multiple of pickup;
A, B, C, N, and K constants defining the shape of the curve.
The constants are selected to provide a very close match to the characteristics of
electromechanical relays. The constants are provided by the relay manufacturer for each
characteristic curve shape. The following table lists typical values for various
characteristic curve shapes.
3/26/2006
Curve Constants
Type A B C N K
S 0.2663 0.03393 1.000 1.2969 0.028
L 5.6143 2.18592 1.000 1.0000 0.028
D 0.4797 0.21359 1.000 1.5625 0.028
M 0.3022 0.12840 1.000 0.5000 0.028
I 8.9341 0.17966 1.000 2.0938 0.028
V 5.4678 0.10814 1.000 2.0469 0.028
E 7.7624 0.02758 1.000 2.0938 0.028
B 1.4636 0.00000 1.000 1.0469 0.028
C 8.2506 0.00000 1.000 2.0469 0.028
F 0.000 1.00000 1.000 0.0000 0.000
S = Short Inverse
L = Long Inverse
D = Define Time
M = Moderately Inverse
I = Inverse
V = Very Inverse
E = Extremely Inverse
B = BS142 Very Inverse
C = BS142 Extremely Inverse
F = Fixed Time
The Entering Electronic Relay Segments Section, following, will demonstrate how to
enter the above data into the segments.
To add a new Electronic Relay or edit an existing Electronic Relay, be sure that the device
category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General Library Usage.
To add a new Electronic Relay to the Library


options vary radically, see Entering Electronic Relay Segments, following, for
Entering Electronic Relay Segments
3/26/2006
Generalized relay by equation.
Tap. This segment models a pickup.

Tap data entry
3a. Type a name for the segment, usually Tap. The name should correspond to the
information.
3f. In the Tap column, enter the per unit tap settings for the pickup (vertical) portion of
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used.
initially shown.
[S] Short Inverse

[L] Long Inverse
[D] Define Time
[M] Moderately Inverse
[I] Inverse
[V] Very Inverse
[E] Extremely Inverse
[B] BS142 Very Inverse
[C] BS142 Extremely Inverse
[F] Fixed Time
These segments all model curved segments based on the equation discussed in Section
2.8.2, Electronic. Data entry for all of these is exactly the same; you enter the constants
in their cells based on the table, as shown in the following example photos.
[S] Short Inverse data entry

[L] Long Inverse data entry
3a. Type a name for the segment. For each curved segment, we recommend that you
include the curve shapes letter along with a descriptive tag, such as [S] Short
Inverse and [L] Long Inverse. The name should correspond to the manufacturers
convention. (This name is not used in calculationsit only provides a user-definable
description for the segment type.)
3b. Select a segment type. Since these curved segments are using equation modeling, you
should use T=AD/((I/Ipu)^N-C)+BD+K.
3c. Enter the manufacturers constants in the A, B, C, K, and N boxes for that curve
shape. These come from the table discussed in Section 2.8.2, Electronic.
3d. In the Minimum Pickup box, type a multiplier to determine at what point CAPTOR
will begin plotting the curve (CAPTOR multiplies the value in this box by the current
to determine the Amperes (X axis) point to start plotting). If you enter a value of 1.0,
plotting using a value of 1.05, so that if the pickup value is 10 A, the curve is plotted
at 10A 1.5 , or 10.5 A.
3e. Select the time dial option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
3f. In the Dial column, enter the Time Dial values from the manufacturer. If the segment
is continuous, only the minimum and maximum values need to be entered. However,
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used.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. You should only choose one of these
equation-based segments as initially shown, because the others act as alternate
settings.
INST. This segment models an Instantaneous pickup. This segment is exactly like the
Tap segment, so follow the instructions listed for that segment.

INST data entry
Definite Time. This segment models a horizontal segment.
a pickup.
3c. Select the pickup setting option button as Discrete or Continuous. See Section 2.4.1,
3d. In the Setting (Sec) column, enter the seconds (Y axis) points for this horizontal
3/26/2006

3e. In the Desc column, enter the names for the settings. Some devices refer to their
3f. Select a setting as the default setting. To do this, select the settings description cell
used.
3g. Select or clear the Initially Shown in TCC check box. For an example of its usage,
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically relays do not include this
segment as initially shown.
2.8.3 IEC Type

This device closely resembles the Electronic relay. Refer to Section 2.8.2, Electronic.
2.9 HV/MV Breaker Examples
2.9.1 With Sensor Integral

This device closely resembles the low-voltage breaker. Refer to Section 2.5, Low-
Voltage Breaker Examples.
2.9.2 Without Sensor Integral

The device you enter in this category will only have description and frame data, as the trip
curves will be contained under the device that actually contains the sensor.
To add a new HV/MV Breaker (without Sensor Integral) or edit an existing HV/MV
Breaker (without Sensor Integral), be sure that the device category has been opened, as
described in Section 2.1, General Library Usage. Once you have opened the category,
follow these steps.
To add a new HV/MV Breaker (without Sensor Integral) to the Library

specific frame size.

2.10 Specialty Device Examples
2.10.1 Recloser
A single device may be used to model all reclosers which have the same clearing time and
response time curves.
To add a new Recloser protective device or edit an existing Recloser protective device, be
sure that the device category has been opened, as described in Section 2.1, General
Library Usage. Once you have opened the Recloser category, follow these steps.
To add a new Recloser protective device to the Library

3/26/2006
3. Switch to the Trip tab page and type the various trip options. For reclosers, the trip
rating equals the plug or coil rating of the recloser and may be considered as the
continuous current rating of the recloser. Note that the colored, uneditable row lists
the frame size for all the different trip options in that row.

options vary radically, see Entering Recloser Segments, following, for specific
Entering Recloser Segments
3/26/2006
1 pu
Recloser Curve E
Recloser Curve A
(Response Curve
+.04 seconds)
Response Curve A
Response Curve E
(Recloser Curve -.04 seconds)
Manufacturer data for Recloser protective device.
LTPU. This segment models a vertical segment.
LTPU data entry

information.
5e. In the Setting column, enter the per unit settings for the pickup (vertical) portion of
used.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically reclosers include this segment
as initially shown.
[A] Recloser & other Reclosers. This segment models a curved recloser segment (two
examples shown).
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[A] Recloser data entry (others similar)
[E] Recloser data entry (others similar)
include the curve shapes letter along with a descriptive tag, such as [A] Recloser and
[E] Recloser. The name should correspond to the manufacturers convention. (This
name is not used in calculationsit only provides a user-definable description for the
segment type.)
5b. Select a segment type. This example uses Time-Current Points because it models a
curved segment.
information.

5d. In the Current and Time (Sec) columns, enter the amperes (X axis) points and the
seconds (Y axis) points for the curve. See Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions
of Segments for an explanation of how CAPTOR draws segments based on points.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically reclosers protective devices
have at least one recloser and one response initially shown.
[A] Response & others Responses. This segment models a curved response segment
(two examples shown).
[A] Response data entry (others similar)
[E] Response data entry (others similar)
include the curve shapes letter along with a descriptive tag, such as [A] Response
3/26/2006
and [E] Response. The name should correspond to the manufacturers convention.
(This name is not used in calculationsit only provides a user-definable description
for the segment type.)
3b. Select a segment type. This example uses Time-Current Points because it models a
curved segment.
information.
3d. In the Current and Time (Sec) columns, enter the amperes (X axis) points and the
seconds (Y axis) points for the curve. See Section 2.4.4, Modeling Curved Portions
of Segments for an explanation of how CAPTOR draws segments based on points.
see Section 2.4.2, Initially Shown in TCC. Typically reclosers protective devices
have at least one recloser and one response initially shown.
2.10.2 Specialty Device

This category acts as a catchall for those devices which do not fit any other category. To
enter the device, you should follow the instructions for the device which most nearly fits
that device.

3/26/2006
3 Importing CAPTOR
Libraries
If you have either CAPTOR for DOS Projects, or CAPTOR for DOS Protective Device
Libraries, or both, that you want to use in CAPTOR for Windows, you can quickly import
them into the CAPTOR for Windows format. You can use PTWs Import program to
convert your CAPTOR for DOS Projects and the ImpLib program to convert your
Protective Device Libraries.
This chapter discusses:
Running Import for CAPTOR Projects
Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries (ImpLib)

IN THIS CHAPTER
Importing CAPTOR Libraries ...................................................................... CAPTOR 3-1

Running Import for CAPTOR Projects ....................................................... CAPTOR 3-3
Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries...................................................... CAPTOR 3-7
3/26/2006
Importing CAPTOR Libraries CAPTOR 3-3
3.1 Running Import for CAPTOR Projects

This program will import your CAPTOR for DOS Projects into the Power*Tools for
Windows format.
Before Continuing: If you have the original CAPTOR for DOS Library files, you can
import them into a CAPTOR for Windows Library file. This is the recommended
procedure, because there will be less possibility of devices not being found. To do so,
see Section 3.2, Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries before continuing. If you do
not have the original CAPTOR for DOS Library files, continue reading.
Based on your choice, Import will either create a new PTW Project or merge the
CAPTOR for DOS Project into an existing PTW Project; it does not change the format of
the DOS files directly. This means that all your DOS Project and Library Files are left
intact and unchanged in their original locations.
Before running Import, you should be aware of the following:
In addition to Device Not Found messages (discussed in Section 3.1.1, Device Not
Found message, cable damage curves may not show up because insufficient data
exists in the DOS format to convert them into the Windows format.
If you merge a CAPTOR for DOS project with an existing PTW Project, the
protective devices will not be connected to the electrical system. They will maintain
their proper bus voltages, of course (until you connect them, at which point they will
reference their bus voltages from the connected bus), but you will need to manually
connect them.
If you merge a CAPTOR for DOS project with an existing PTW Project, components
from the DOS Project will replace any same-named components in the PTW Project.
For example, if Fuse 1 exists in both the CAPTOR for DOS Project and the PTW
Project, the Fuse 1 coming from the CAPTOR for DOS Project will replace the
Fuse 1 in the PTW Project.

Find the CAPTOR Project you want to Import.
Set to
New or
Merge
Project.
Locate the existing Project

or pick a location for the
new Project.
Locate the Library you

imported ( if it wasnt
available, locate the
Library included with
PTW).
To import a CAPTOR Project

1. (Be sure PTW is closed.) Under From DOS CAPTOR Project, type the path to, or
use the Browse button to find, the CAPTOR Project you want to import.
2. Set the option button either to New Project or to Merge Project.
If set to New Project, use the Browse button to find a location for the new Project
to be created. Be sure to type a Project Name. Note that a new folder and a new
Project file will be created. For example, if you type FACTORY in the Project
Name box, and you have set the Project Path to X:\PTW32\PROJECTS, a new
folder, called X:\PTW32\PROJECTS\FACTORY, will be created, and within that
folder will be the new PTW Project file, called FACTORY.PRJ
If set to Merge Project, type the path to, or use the Browse button to find, the
PTW Project with which you want to merge the CAPTOR Project.
3. If you have already imported your CAPTOR for DOS Libraries into a CAPTOR for
Windows Library using the ImpLib program, proceed to step 4. If you have not yet
imported your CAPTOR for DOS Libraries, but you have them available, see Section
3.2, Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries. If you have not imported your
CAPTOR for DOS Libraries because they are not available, skip to step 5.
4. In the Library Path box, type the path to, or use the Browse button to find, the
CAPTOR for Windows Library that you created by importing your CAPTOR for
DOS Libraries. (The CAPTOR for Windows Library will have an *.PD extension.)
The Import Program needs this Library because it extracts data from it during the
import process. Skip to step 6.
5. In the Library Path box, type the path to, or use the Browse button to find, the
CAPTOR for Windows Library supplied with PTW and located in the
X:\PTW32\LIB folder. (The CAPTOR for Windows Library will have an *.PD
extension.) The Import Program needs this Library because it extracts data from it
during the import process. Proceed to step 6.
6. Click the OK button. Import begins converting your Project.
7. When you are ready to open the Project, keep in mind that if you had your CAPTOR
for DOS Library available and used it in step 4, you need to set the Library Reference
(available under Project>Options>Library) to point to the new Library you created.
3/26/2006
When Import runs, you may receive one or more warnings telling you Device Not
Found. See Section 3.1.1, Device Not Found message.
3.1.1 Device Not Found message

When Import runs, you may receive one or more warnings telling you Device Not
Found. These warnings also appear in a text-format log file called <project>.log, where
project is the name of the project you are importing. (To view the log file, open it in a
text editor such as NotePad, which comes with Windows. You can find the log file in the
same folder as the imported project.) If you prefer not to see this message repeatedly, you
can check the Don't show this message again checkbox (the log file will still be created).
The Device Not Found message signifies that a protective device in the CAPTOR
Project being imported uses a Library item that cannot be found in the CAPTOR for
Windows Library. This means that Import cannot find the Library item under its three
identifying elements:
Manufacturer (for example, "Square D")
Description (for example, "100-800 A")
Type (for example, "ME LI B")
Unless the Manufacturer, Description, and Type of the device in your CAPTOR Project
match exactly a device in the Library under the proper device category, Import will not
find the device (and CAPTOR for Windows will not be able to plot the curve). Either a)
the device does not exist in the Library, b) the device exists somewhere in the Library but
under a difference device category, or c) the device was not imported by the ImpLib
program (see Section 3.2, Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries).
So how do you find the missing data? Depending on the device's origin, this may or may
not be easy. Refer to the following notes:
You will have less unfound devices if you have access to the original CAPTOR for
DOS Library files with which the CAPTOR Project was created, especially if the
stock Libraries were customized at all. Even though the CAPTOR for Windows
Library includes all of the devices from the stock CAPTOR for DOS Libraries
(except for Ground Fault and Motor Overload Devices--see following), it will not
include any devices added or customized by the user.
If you have the original CAPTOR for DOS Libraries with which the CAPTOR
Project was created, and a device is still not found, the Libraries may have been
altered after the CAPTOR Project was created, so that you have a later version of the
Libraries that do not accurately reflect the devices in the CAPTOR Project.
If you are using the Library supplied with PTW (because you do not have the original
CAPTOR for DOS Libraries), and the unfound device is a Westinghouse, it probably
results from a spelling revision which changed "Westnhouse" (in the DOS version) to
"Westinghouse" (in the Windows version). If this is the case, relinking the device
will be easy. Once Import finishes, you can open the CAPTOR TCC Drawing, click
the Library button, and find the Westinghouse device in the Library. Using the
newly-found data, CAPTOR for Windows will plot the curve.

Ground Fault and Motor Overload devices will not be found, regardless of whether
you have the original CAPTOR for DOS Libraries. This is because the format for
these devices is much more sophisticated in CAPTOR for Windows, and insufficient
data in the DOS Libraries prevents them from being imported. Therefore, you will
have to remodel the Ground Fault or Motor Overload device.
3/26/2006
3.2 Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries

Unlike CAPTOR for DOS, which uses multiple Library files for its different protective
device types, CAPTOR for Windows combines all its protective devices into a single
Library file. This streamlines the PTW program, making Library usage easier.
Because the format has been changed, however, a separate program must be used to
convert the set of CAPTOR for DOS Libraries into the single CAPTOR for Windows
Library. The Import for CAPTOR Libraies (ImpLib) program will accomplish this
procedure for you. Once the Libraries have been converted, you may use the Import
program to convert your CAPTOR for DOS Projects into CAPTOR for Windows
Projects. (If you do not have the original CAPTOR for DOS Libraries, you cannot use
ImpLib. Return to Section 3.1, Running Import for CAPTOR Projects.) You only need
to run the ImpLib program once for each set of CAPTOR for DOS Libraries, even if that
set of Libraries is used by many different CAPTOR for DOS Projects.
Note that ImpLib actually creates a new PTW Library using the DOS files; it does not
change the format of the DOS files directly. This means that all your DOS Library Files
are left intact and unchanged in their original locations.
Before running ImpLib, you should be aware of the following:
The secondary current for relays will be set to PTW's preset values (5.0 Amperes for
standard relays, 1.0 Amperes for IEC relays) by ImpLib. If you had different values
set, after ImpLib finishes you can edit the Library to change these secondary current
values back to their original values.
Ground Fault devices will not be imported.
Adjustable and non-adjustable molded case circuit breakers will both be imported as
thermal magnetic molded case circuit breakers.
Fuses with a device voltage less than or equal to 600 V will be imported as low-
voltage fuses.
Fuses with a device voltage greater than 600 V will be imported as high-voltage
fuses.
Generalized relay by equation devices in CAPTOR for DOS will be imported as

electro-mechanical relays.
Overcurrent/instantaneous relays set to U.S. type (in the DOS Library) will be
imported as electro-mechanical relays, whereas overcurrent/instantaneous relays set to
European type will be imported as IEC-type relays.
Generalized relay by segment devices will be imported as electronic relays.
Each unconnected curve in a specialty device will import as a separate segment.

(CAPTOR for DOS allowed you to model multiple unconnected curves for a single
specialty device, whereas PTW will connect every point given for a specialty device
segment; therefore, each curve in a specialty device imports as a distinct segment.)

ImpLib Import allows you to convert existing CAPTOR for DOS Protective Device
Libraries into the CAPTOR for PTW format. Once completed, you may access the
Protective Device Libraries using CAPTOR for PTW.
Select the DOS Library that you will import.
Choose the All button to select all devices for import, or select
specific devices to import.
To start ImpLib Import

1. (Be sure that PTW is not running). Using the Windows Explorer (Windows 95) or
File Manager (Windows 3.1), display the files in the ptw32\bin folder.
2. Double-click on the implib.exe file. This displays the CAPTOR Library Import for
PTW dialog box.
3. Use the Browse button to locate the CAPTOR for DOS Protective Device Library that
you want to import (this will have the extension *.lb).
4. Select those check boxes next to the devices you want to import. If you want to
import the entire Library, choose the All button. (Ground Fault devices cannot be
imported because there is insufficient data in the DOS format.)
6. Select a location and file name for the CAPTOR for PTW Protective Device Library
that will be created (this will have the extension *.pd). You may have multiple
Libraries within a single folder.
7. Choose the OK button. The Library will now be imported.
8. Repeat step 3 for each Library that you want to import.
Once you have imported the Protective Device Libraries, you may copy devices from one
Protective Device Library to another to consolidate them in one Library. See Chapter 2,
Editing CAPTORs Library for more information.
3/26/2006
You may change a new or existing Projects references to use the newly-imported
Protective Device Library. See Section 11.3, Changing Library References in the PTW
Users Guide for more information.

3/26/2006
Index
IEC-type Relay Examples. See Modeling Examples

Importing DOS Libraries for CAPTOR, 3-7
C Initially Shown in TCC check box, 2-35
CAPLIB Import. See Importing DOS Libraries for CAPTOR
CAPTOR Study. See TCC Drawing L
Colors, Fonts, and Patterns, 1-30
Continuous/Discrete option button, 2-34 Library Data, 1-9, 1-11
CT Ratio, 2-32 Low-Voltage Breaker Examples. See Modeling Examples
Curved Segment modeling, 2-36 LTPU, functions based on, 2-32
D M
Datablocks, 1-27 Medium-Voltage Breaker Examples. See Modeling Examples
Default Settings, 1-31 Methodology
Device Modeling. See Modeling Examples CAPTOR Study, 1-5
Discrete/Continuous option button, 2-34 of segment types, 2-5
Modeling Examples
fuses, 2-91
E hv/mv breakers
Electro Mechanical Relay Examples. See Modeling Examples with sensor integral, 2-115
Electronic Relay Examples. See Modeling Examples without sensor integral, 2-115
Examples of Device Modeling. See Modeling Examples low-voltage breaker
Exporting a TCC Drawing, 1-28 ground fault, 2-54
power circuit breaker, 2-66
static trip, 2-37
F thermal magnetic molded case, 2-61
Fillet Radius, 2-24 motor protective device
Fix Time Horizontal Line segment type. See Segment Types motor circuit protector, 2-76
Fixed function, 2-34 motor overload, 2-81
Form Print, 1-29 static motor protector, 2-84
Functions, 1-19. See Segment Types relays
Fuse Curve segment type. See Segment Types electro mechanical, 2-97
Fuse Examples. See Modeling Examples electronic, 2-106
iec type, 2-115
specialty devices
G reclosers, 2-116
specialty device, 2-123
Ground Fault Examples. See Modeling Examples
Motor Protective Device Examples. See Modeling Examples
H N
High-Voltage Breaker Examples. See Modeling Examples
Normalized and Track pickup function, 2-34
I
IEC LTPU segment type. See Segment Types

CAPTOR ii Reference Manual
O pickup (lt, st, inst) with horizontal delay band, 2-23

fillet radius, 2-24
Opening and Clearing Curve segment type. See Segment Types pickup (lt, st, inst) with open-clear bands, 2-19
pickup (lt, st, inst) with open-clear curve, 2-17
pickup (lt, st, inst) with settings in per unit, 2-13
P pickup with current settings in per unit, 2-15
Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Adj. Tolerance & Open-Clear Curve time current points, 2-10
segment type. See Segment Types time-current points with multiple curves, 2-12
Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Horizontal Delay Band segment Segments, 1-14
type. See Segment Types Selected Device Settings, 1-24
Pickup (Lt, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Bands segment type. See Settings, 1-14
Segment Types Specialty Device Examples. See Modeling Examples
Pickup (LT, ST, INST) with Open-Clear Curve segment type. See Static Motor Protector Examples. See Modeling Examples
Segment Types Static Trip Examples. See Modeling Examples
Pickup with Current Settings in Per Unit segment type. See
Segment Types T
Printing a TCC Drawing, 1-29
Protective Device Library TCC Default Settings, 1-31
adding devices to, 2-4 TCC Drawing
editing devices in, 2-3 buttons, 1-3
Protective Device Modeling. See Modeling Examples colors, fonts, and patterns, 1-30
coordinating components on, 1-13
creating reports for, 1-26
R importing DOS Libraries, 3-7
Recloser Examples. See Modeling Examples introduction, 1-2
Relay Examples. See Modeling Examples printing, 1-29
Reports, 1-26 shortcut to menu commands, 1-4
right mouse button shortcut to menu commands, 1-4 using, 1-6
TCC Settings, 1-21
Thermal Magnetic Molded Case Examples. See Modeling
S Examples
Segment Types Time-Current Points segment type. See Segment Types
delay band (i^slope-t) with open-clear time in seconds, 2-27 Time-Current Points with Multiple Curves segment type. See
delay band (i^slope-t) with settings in seconds, 2-25 Segment Types
fix time horizontal line, 2-31 Tolerance Band usage, 2-36
functions of, 2-31 Toolbar
fuse curve, 2-9 TCC Drawing, 1-3
iec ltpu, 2-16
methodology of, 2-5 W
opening and clearing curve, 2-11
pickup (lt, st, inst) with adj. tolerance & open-clear curve, 2-21 Windows 95 shortcut to menu commands, 1-4
3/26/2006

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Power*Tools

CAPTOR Reference Manual

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

2006 SKM Systems Analysis, Inc. All rights reserved.

Microsoft is a registered trademark and Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

1.4.9 Showing Datablocks on the TCC............................................................. 1-27

2 EDITING CAPTORS LIBRARY 2-1

2.5.3 Thermal Magnetic Molded Case.............................................................. 2-61

3 IMPORTING CAPTOR LIBRARIES 3-1

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

This page left blank.

This chapter discusses:

PTW Applied Methodology

1 CAPTOR Study 1-1

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

1.1 What is the CAPTOR Study?

1.1.1 The CAPTOR TCC Study

1.1.2 The TCC Drawing

1.1.3 TCC Drawing-related buttons

Create or open a One-line Diagram.

Create or open a TCC Drawing.

Create or open a Report.

Create or open a Library.

Save changes to the active document.

Cut the selected data into the Windows Clipboard.

Copy the selected data into the Windows Clipboard.

Paste the contents of the Windows Clipboard to the selected location.

Apply and edit datablock formats.

Switch back to the One-Line Diagram from which you brought

Get context-sensitive help about any part of the screen.

Magnify the scale of the TCC Drawing.

Reduce the scale of the TCC Drawing.

Show the entire TCC Drawing in the viewport.

Redraw the active components curve so it reflects the most current

Change TCC Settings including plot scale, reference voltage, and

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

Add a new two-winding transformer, ANSI standard.

Add a new two-winding transformer, IEC standard.

Add a new generator.

Add a new induction motor.

Add a new low-voltage breaker.

Add a new fuse.

Add a new motor circuit protector (MCP).

Add a new motor overload.

Add a new switch or specialty device.

Add a new relay.

Add a new high-voltage breaker.

1.1.4 Shortcut to Menu Commands

To access the menu commands with the shortcut

1.2 Engineering Methodology

1.2.1 Preparing for Coordination

3. Gather the manufacturers published time/current characteristics, in the form of

1.2.2 Achieving Proper Coordination

SKM Power*Tools for Windows

1.3 PTW Applied Methodology

1.3.1 Selecting Components for Coordination

Beginning with an Empty TCC Drawing

To create a new TCC Drawing:

Proceed to Section 1.3.2, Using the TCC Drawing.

Taking Components from a One-Line Diagram to a TCC Drawing

To coordinate components from a One-Line Diagram

A TCC Drawing will appear containing the components you selected.

1.3.2 Using the TCC Drawing dialog box