LUN NG

(Nguyn Hin L ch dch v gii thiu)

Vi li tha trc (ca ngi ng)

Trong bi Li ni u cun Khng t, c Nguyn Hin L cho i iu v vic dch li cun

Lun ng nh sau:

Ti b ra hn hai thng c li nhng sch v Khng t m ti c hoc mn c (nh ca

L Chn V: Lch s t tng chnh tr Trung Quc; Hu ngoi L: T tng c i Trung
Quc; Quan Phong v Lm Dut Thi: Bn v Khng T - u do ngoi Bc dch); c li cc
bn dch v ch gii Lun ng ca mnh, v ca Trung Hoa (nh Lun ng c bn ca Thm
Tri Phng v Tng B Tim, Lun ng dch ch ca Triu Thng; li b ra hn hai thng na
dch li b Lun ng, va dch va phn loi theo ti lp bng tra tn ngi, tn t.

V vic dch li, trong ch thch bi XVI.1, c Nguyn Hin L bo: Bi ny chng ti dch
trong cun Nh gio h Khng (Co Thm, 1972), nay dch li. Di y ti xin nu thm vi
v d na:

- Bi II.2: Trong b i cng vn hc s Trung Quc, cu Thi tam bch, nht ngn d t chi,
vit: T v t, c Nguyn Hin L dch l: C 300 thin trong Kinh Thi, ch mt cu c th
trm c, l: khng ngh by. Trong cun Lun ng, c dch li, c bit l ba ch t v t,
nh sau: Kinh Thi c ba trm thin, mt li bao qut tt c, l t tng thun chnh.

- Bi VI.8: Trong b Mc hc, cu V chi, mnh h ph? T nhn d nhi hu t tt d!, c

dch l: Con [tc B Ngu] sp mt. S mnh thi. Ngi nh vy m bnh nh vy!;
Trong cun Lun ng, c hiu ch v theo mt ngha khc, v c cu c li thnh: V
l! Do mnh tri chng? Con ngi nh vy m b bnh !.

- Bi VIII.3: Trong b Trang t Nam hoa kinh, cu Nhi kim nhi hu, ng tri min ph, tiu
t (li ca Tng t), c dch l: T y v sau ta mi bit chc rng ta gi c (thn ta) khi
cc iu h hng, tn tt cc tr. Trong cun Lun ng, c dch li l: T nay v sau, ta mi
bit thot khi hnh lc, cc tr (c hiu hai ch min ph theo mt ngha khc).

- Bi XVIII.6: Trong b i cng trit hc Trung Quc, cu Thao thao gi thin h giai th d,
nhi thu d dch chi, hai c Gin Chi v Nguyn Hin L dch l: a a nh nc chy mt
chiu, thin h u th c, ai m theo mnh sa i vic lon ra tr. Trong cun Lun ng, c
Nguyn Hin L dch li (c bit l hai ch thao thao): Khp thin h u u cng l dng
nc (c) cun cun, ng Khng Khu s cng vi ai m sa thin h?.

L do khc bit trong hai ln dch bi VI.8 l do ch trong nguyn vn. Trong b Mc hc, c
Nguyn Hin L c ch l vong v dch theo ngha ca ch l cht mt; cn trong
cun Lun ng c c l v v dch theo ngha ca ch v l khng. Cng c trng
hp c khc nhng ngha cng vy nh ch trong bi XI.25, trong cun C vn Trung
Quc, c c l sn (Thiu Chu cng c l sn); cn trong cun Lun ng, c c l
thn, nhng ngha cng vn l mm ci. Nhn vt Nh Bi trong bi XVII.20 cun Lun
ng, ch Hn l , trong cun Nh gio h Khng (bi Dng Ho 19) gi l Nh Bi.

Cng trong cun C vn Trung Quc, c Nguyn Hin L t ng rng thin Hng ng (thin
X) l do ngi sau chp thm; c bo: () hnh nh cng c vi ch do ngi i sau vit
thm, chng hn nh thin Hng ng. Nhng trong cun Lun ng chng ta khng thy c
khng nhc li nghi ng na, trong cun Khng t cng vy.

Cun Lun ng m ti chp li y l theo ebook do mt bn tr, bn PNT, gi tng. Ebook

, v sau gi l ebook ngun, khng ghi tn nh xut bn v nm xut bn. Theo nh ba ng
trn trang th nh xut bn l nh Vn hc (ti tm dng nh , sa li i cht lm nh ba
cho ebook mi ny).

Trong ebook ngun cng khng thy chp ch Hn, cc ch Hn trong ebook mi ny l do ti
ghi thm da theo cc bn Lun ng ang lu hnh trn mng, c bit l bn Khng t Lun
ng do Nguyn Thin Th ch dch hin ang ph bin trn website website Sn Trung Th
Trang. Bn ca Nguyn Thin Th v bn ca c Nguyn Hin L c vi ch khng ging nhau.
Sau y l vi v d v ch Hn khc nhau:

- Trong bi I.6, Nguyn Thin Th chp l: phm i chng nhi thn nhn v
dch l: Thng mi ngi, m gn gi ngi nhn c; tng ng vi ch phm , c
Nguyn Hin L chp l phim [] v dch l: yu khp mi ngi m gn gi ngi nhn
c.

- Trong bi IX.3, Nguyn Thin Th chp l: tuy vin chng, dch l: tri vi i
chng; c Nguyn Hin L chp l: tuy vi [] chng, dch l: tuy tri vi s ng).

- Trong bi II.16, Nguyn Thin Th chp l: Cng h d oan t hi d

k v dch l Nghin cu vic hoang ng th c hi cho mnh; ch cui, c Nguyn Hin L
chp l d [] v dch l: Chuyn tm nghin cu nhng cc oan th c hi.

Ngoi vic ghi thm ch Hn v cc ch thch, trong phn Ph lc ti cn chp trn tit Lun
ng trong cun C vn Trung Quc. Trong tit c Nguyn Hin L gii thiu tc phm Lun
ng v ba bi: I.1, VII.14 v XI.25.

Xin chn thnh cm n bn PNT v xin trn trng gii thiu cng cc bn.
Goldfish
Thng 7 nm 2011

---------------
Trong bi III. 5, bi VI.12 ch vong cng c c v hiu l v. Tng t, trong bi I.1,
V.5 ch thuyt c l duyt ; bi II.17, III.6 ch n c l nh ; bi
III.15, III.23 ch i c l thi .
Cc bn c th xem bi Ta ca cun C vn Trung Quc ny trong ebook 8 bi ta c .

GII THIU

NGUN GC V CC BN

B Lun ng ng u trong T th. Ti ngh nu b ra bn nm chc bi chp ngn hnh ca

cc mn sinh nh Tng T, T H, Hu Nhc, T Du, T Trng m trong tp Khng t
(thin IV) ti gii thiu s lc, ch gi li ht nhng bi chp ngn hnh ca Khng t -
khong 500 bi, ton b gm khong nm trm ri bi th Lun ng ng gi l Kinh. Tt
c cc hc gi t xa ti nay u coi n l kinh ca Khng gio, cng nh o c kinh l kinh
ca Lo gio. N cn chp trung thc t tng ca Khng t, ng tin hn o c kinh na, v
b ny gm nhiu bi do ngi sau thm vo, (coi b Lo t chng ti son m cha xut bn
c). Do , mun tm hiu hc thuyt ca Khng t th phi cn c trc ht vo Lun ng, v
chn phn mi Kinh Th, Kinh L, Trung dung, Mnh t, t tng khng cn ng ca Khng
t (mc du cng c im ging); i hc c h thng qu (c nh cn ng khng phi ca Tng
t vit); Trung dung c mt phn siu hnh m Khng t trnh siu hnh; cn Mnh t phng i
phn duy tm ca Khng t.

V nhng l , trong cun Nh gio h Khng v cun Khng t chng ti rng ch dng Lun
ng trnh by t tng ca Khng.

NGUN GC

Lun ng c bi do mn sinh ca Khng t chp, nh bi XIV.1:

Hin vn s. T vit: Bang hu o, cc; bang v o, cc, s d.

Nguyn Hin t xng tn nh vy, th chnh l ng ta chp.

C trng hp nh trong khi hc, mn sinh nghe ging iu g th chp ngay li cho khi qun,
nh T Trng trong bi XV.5, chp li ca Khng t vo dy ai, ri sau truyn li cho mn
sinh.

C nhiu bi do hng mn sinh ti truyn (tc mn sinh ca mn sinh) chp, nh thin I, bi 2

bt u bng: Hu t vit, bi 4 bt u bng Tng t vit v.v u l hc tr ca Hu
Nhc, v ca Tng Sm chp, v theo l trong Lun ng, tr Khng t, m bt k mn sinh no
d trc truyn hay ti truyn, cng gi l t hoc phu t (hoc Khng t nh cc bi XV.12-
11); cn cc mn sinh ca Khng t th c ba trng hp nh sau:

Ti ly v d. A v B u hc Khng t, h l ng mn vi nhau. B dy hc c mt hc tr tn
C.

Trng hp th nht: A hay B khi chp hay ni v mnh, th xng tn tc, chng hn oan Mc
T t xng l T, Nhan Hi t xng l Hi.
Trng hp th hai: B ni v A (ni v bn), hoc C ni v A (tc ni v bn ca thy mnh) th
c th gi A:

- bng tn t (nh T Cng l tn t ca oan Mc T, T Uyn l tn t ca Nhan Hi).

- hoc bng c h v tn tc (nh oan Mc T, Nhan Hi).

- hoc bng tn h v tn t (nh Nhan Uyn Nhan l h, Uyn l t).

A ni v B cng theo nhng cch gi tn .

Trng hp ba: C ni v B, tc ni v thy hc ca mnh, th gi l t, t t sau h ca

thy mnh (hc tr ca Hu Nhc gi Hu Nhc l Hu t, hc tr ca Tng Sm gi Tng
Sm l Tng t, ch khng gi l Tng Sm, hoc T D tn t ca Tng Sm). Vy nhng
bi bt u bng Hu t vit hoc Tng t vit, u l ca hng mn sinh ti truyn li.

C th rng sau khi Khng t mt, cc mn sinh thu thp li dy ca thy, truyn cho nhau, mt
s ngi chp li dng dy hc, khi cht, th hc tr ca h li c li ca Khng t ln li ca
h.

Ngi cui cng chp li l ai? Theo Liu Tn Nguyn i ng th c l l mt hc tr ca

Tng Sm.

C thuyt bo rng Tng Sm km Khng t 46 tui, sinh vo khong 505, cht nm 428. C
sch li ni Tng Sm cht nm L Nguyn cng nguyn nin, tc Chu Kho vng ng nin:
436. Sai nhau tm nm, l t y. Vy Lun ng khng th xut hin trc 436 c.

C th cn sau kh lu na, v thin VIII chp Tng Sm trc khi mt c khuyn Mnh Knh t
v cch c x ca ngi cm quyn (VIII.4). Mnh Knh t tn l Trng. Knh t l tn thu,
cht sau Tng Sm; m bi ghi tn thu - tn t cho ngi cht, theo hnh vi hi sinh tin
tc l chp sau khi Mnh Knh t cht.

Bi do mt mn sinh ca Tng Sm chp, cho nn gi Tng Sm l Tng t, m trong Lun

ng, s bi chp ngn hnh ca Tng Sm nhiu hn s bi v cc mn sinh khc ca Khng t.
Cho nn thuyt ca Liu Tn Nguyn tin c.

V chng ta c th tm kt lun rng b Lun ng do nhiu ngi ghi v xut hin sm cng vo
khong by tm chc nm sau Khng t mt.

CC BN

Lun ng c ph bin t thi Tin Tn.

Tn Thu Hong thng nht Trung Quc ri, ra lnh t sch, chn nho, nhng thi giao
thng cn km, s kim sot khng th cht ch lm, m Tn gi ngi khng c lu, nn lnh
ch thi hnh trit nhng ni gn kinh v chung quanh cc th trn, cn trong dn gian cc
min xa xi, vn cn ngi ln lc gi c, c k hc thuc lng c Lun ng v lc kinh.
Nh Hn dit Tn ri, b lnh i th ngi ta thu thp c ba bn Lun ng: Bn L Lun
ca ngi nc L; bn T Lun ca ngi nc T (hai bn ny c chp bng th ch
c Tn sa i v thng nht, gi l kim vn tc kim t); v bn C Lun (chp bng c
vn, tc c t, th ch dng thi trc). Bn C Lun ny do L Cung cng (cui i Hn V
) sai ph nh Khng t m tm c trong tng, cng vi cc b Thng Th, L K, Hiu
Kinh.

L Lun c 20 thin, T Lun cng c 20 thin , thm hai thin na: Vn vng v Tri o,
nh vy l 22 thin c thy. C Lun cng ch c 20 thin nh L Lun, nhng thin cui:
Nghiu vn chia lm hai t cu: T Trng vn Khng t: H nh t kh d tng chnh h
tr i (tc bi XX.2 trong bn dch ca chng ti, gi l Tng thin. Vy l C Lun chi lm 21
thin, hai thin cui rt ngn.

Theo H n i Ngu, trong s 20 thin L v T u c th chng c trong T Lun nhiu hn

trong L Lun; m th t cc thin trong C Lun cng khc trong T v L Lun.

u i Hn, hai bn L v T u c truyn (ng thy no mun dng bn no th dng);

bn C Lun khng c truyn, khng hiu ti sao.

T i Hn Thnh (32-7 trc Cng nguyn), hai bn T v L c hp nht; ri cui i

ng Hn, Trnh Huyn b hai thin Vn vng v Tri o trong T Lun i, hp nht c ba
bn.

H n i Ngu c l l ngi u tin gii thch Lun ng, bn Lun ng tp gii ca ng cn

truyn n ngy nay. i Tng, Chu Hi cng ch thch v bn Lun ng tp ch ca ng khng
khc bn ca H n bao nhiu. Hai bn l chnh, cn nhiu bn khc na. nc ta t xa
ch dng bn ca Chu Hi v cc nh dch Lun ng trong gi na th k nay cng ch theo ch
thch ca Chu Hi.

NI DUNG V CCH TRNH BY

c cc c th i Tin Tn, nh Mc t, o c kinh, Trang t chng ta gp rt nhiu ch

rt ti ngha v chp lm, thiu st v nhiu ch do ngi sau ngu tc, thm vo.

Lun ng khng trnh khi tnh trng .

C mt hai ch thot lu, nh bi X.18, khng ai hiu ngha ra sao, mi ngi on mt khc,
v ngi ta ng rng mt mt vi cu u hoc cui.

Bi XIII.11 k cc, chp tm k s i Chu chng c ting tm g m c v bn cp sinh i ca

mt hay nhiu gia nh no , lm g vy? chng hc gi no ging ni.

C t cu ngi ta ng t ln ch, ng l bi khc, nh:

- cui bi XII.10 c 2 cu: Thnh bt d ph, dic chi d d trong Kinh Thi, dn lm vo
nn cc sch u b;
- cui bi XVI.12 c cu: K t chi v d? cng u t lm vo, hoc thiu mt vi ch g
trn cu , nn khng ai hiu ni.

Hai bi XVII.5 v 7, T L can Khng t ng nhn li mi ca Cng Sn Pht Nhiu v ca

Bt Ht, b Lng Khi Siu trong C th chn ngu cp k nin i ng l khng ng,
nhng Lng cha a c c xc ng.

C bn nm bi trng xut, nh:

- IX.24 I.8,

- XV.23 XII.2,

- XIV.26 VIII.14,

- XVII.17 I.3.

Li khng ng k.

Nm thin cui (XVI-XX) c nhiu iu kh nghi:

- Thng l th Lun ng gi Khng t l T m thin XVI li gi l Khng t, v 4 bi 22, 23,

24, 25 thin XIX li gi l Trng Ni.

- Vic chp trong bi XVI.1 khng chc ng v theo Tin Mc, Nhim Hu v Qu L khng
h ng thi gip vic cho Qu th; hai vic trong bi XVI.5 v 7, Lng Khi Siu cng khng
tin.

- Thin XVII ton chp dt s ca ngi trc v ngi ng thi vi Khng t, khng lin
quan g n thy tr h Khng.

- Thin XIX ton chp li bn v o ca mn Khng t: T Trng, T H, T Du, Tng

t, khng c mt li no ca Khng t.

Do nhng l k trn, mt s hc gi cho rng nm thin cui c thm vo sau v khng ng

tin nh nhng thin trn.

iu bt tin cho chng ta nht l mn sinh ghi chp vn tt li ca Khng t, khng cho bit
nhng li ni vo lc no, trong hon cnh no, thnh th, c nhiu bi chng ta khng bit
chc c t tng, hnh vi ca Khng t ra sao.

Th d bi II.6, Mnh V B hi v o hiu, Khng t p: Ph mu duy k tt chi u.

Li rt d dng nh vy c ba cch hiu:

1. Cha m ch lo cho con bnh tt. (Khng t mun khuyn Mnh V B nn gi gn sc kho
cho cha m khi lo).

2. Ngi con c hiu th thn trng mi vic, khng lm g cho cha m phi lo, duy c bnh tt l
khng d phng c. Cch hiu ny cng ging nh cch hiu trn: lm con phi chm sc sc
kho ca mnh; ch hiu nh cch trn th l li trch mt ngi chi bi qu , hiu theo cch
di th khng c trch, m nhn rng Mnh V B rt ng n.

3. Cch hiu th ba tri hn, (cho ch k ch cha m, hai cch trn ch k ch con) v cu ca
Khng t phi dch l: Ngi con m lo cho cha m bnh tt (ht sc sn sc sc kho ca cha
m) l ngi con c hiu.

Gi m ngi chp cho ta bit Mnh V B l ngi ra sao (c gi gn sc kho ca mnh

khng, hoc c thng lo v sc kho ca cha m khng) th chng ta khng cn thc mc na.

Nht l bi V.21, Khng t chn nn cnh bn ba, mun v L dy hc; ngi chp khng cho ta
bit vic xy ra hi no, trc khi ng b nn B nm 494, hay Qu Khang t mi Nhim
Cu v L gip mnh, nm 492, hay l vo c hai ln nh T M Thin chp?

Bi XV.1, V Linh Cng hi ng v chin trn (ng p khng bit). ng ti V ln no, v

trc sau ng ti V nm ln, bn ln u Linh Cng cn sng?

Cn nhiu bi khc, khng sao k ht. Do m nhiu khi ngi ta khng bit chc t tng
cng i sng ca ng. Nin biu no lp v i ng cng ch l phng chng, mi iu trng
c nm l may.

Chng ti ch nhn xt nh vy thi, khng c trch c nhn: cc mn sinh ca Khng t

khng c nhng phng tin d dng ghi chp nh chng ta ngy nay, ngn ng ca h dng
cch nay hai ngn ri nm; m h khng c vit sch cho i sau, ch mun ghi li li thy
nh ri truyn cho con chu, hc tr thi, cho nn khng th chp tht minh bch nh chng
ta mun c. Chng ta cn nn khen b Lun ng so vi b o c kinh, b Trang t, xut
hin sau cn sng sa hn nhiu, nht l ghi mt cch trung thc, t m ngn hnh ca Khng t,
thnh mt tc phm ng tin cy nht v hc thuyt Khng t.

Mt im chung na cc sch thi u Chin Quc l s trnh by rt ln xn.

Lun ng tuy chia lm 20 thin, nhng ngoi thin X (Hng ng - chp v li sng, cch c
x hng ngy ca Khng t triu nh, lng xm v nh) l tng i nht tr, cn 19 thin
kia th khng c ch g c, gp u chp ny, v nhn, hiu, l, v chnh tr, v vn hc, v
hnh vi ca Khng t, tm s ca ng, ch ca mn sinh v.v, c vi thin li xen vo dm ba
bi v ngn hnh ca mn sinh na. V vy m ngi xa phi ly vi ch u mi thin
lm nhan cho thin, nh Hc nhi, Ung d, T hn

l i khi v ni dung v s trnh by.

V gi tr ngh thut, th chng ta phi nhn rng rt cao: li c ng; ngha su sc, m chp
t s, miu t tnh tnh hnh ng ca nhn vt nhiu khi linh ng. Trong cun C vn Trung
Quc (Tao n -1966), chng ti gii thiu ba bi:

I.1 Hc nhi thi tp chi

VII.14 Phu t v V qun h?

XI.25 Khng t hi v ch hng ca mt s mn sinh.

Cn nhiu bi na nh:

XVI.1 Khng t mng Nhim Cu khng bit can Qu th ng nh Chuyn Du.

IX.11 Khng t mng T L mun tng mnh nh mt i phu.

V.25 Khng t hi ch hng mn sinh v t ch hng ca mnh. Cng u l nhng tiu phm
bt h trong vn hc Trung Quc.

y l cha k my chc cu ca Khng t rt gn m thm thu ng gi l chm ngn hoc

c coi l thnh ng nh: dc tc bt t, ho nhi bt ng, n c tri tn, d trc bo
on, qun t c cng, ph qu nh ph vn, h mc bt kh iu, danh chnh ngn
thun v.v

BN DCH CA CHNG TI

Chng ta c c ba bn bn Lun ng. Bn u tin ti c bit l bn ca c Lng Vn

Can, mng khong trm trang tr li, ch la mt s bi dy hc tr; bn ny khng kim
c, ngay c trong th vin cng khng chc cn; hai bn gn y nht, nhiu gia nh cn gi
l bn ca on Trung Cn in ln u Si Gn nm 1954, v bn ca L Phc Thin, gm ba
tp, xut bn Si Gn t nm 1962 n nm 1967.

My bn u cng phu c, c nguyn vn ch Hn, phin m v ch thch, nhng u theo

cch hiu ca Chu Hi v u khng phn loi cc bi, khng c bng tn ngi v tn t, bt
tin cho vic tra cu.

Chng ti tham kho thm mt s bn ch gii v bn dch khc, c bit l bn Lun ng c

bn ca Thm Tri Phng v Tng B Tim, nh Khai Minh xut bn Hng Cng gm hai
tp, bn Lun ng ch dch ca Triu Thng, nh Hu Lin xut bn cng Hng Cng nm
1967 v bn Lun ng nh thp ging ca Vng Hng Minh Trung Hoa Th cc i Loan
1958, bit thm cch hiu mt s hc gi Trung Hoa xa v nay.

Bi no c nhiu cch hiu th chng ti la ly mt v phn ch thch ghi thm vi kin gii
khc. S la chn ch l kin ring ca ti thi, khng c gi tr g hn nhng la chn
khc. Lm nh vy chng ti ch mong thot ra khi li hiu chnh thng ca Tng nho, rng tm
hiu t tng Khng t theo mt tinh thn khch quan v gip c gi thy c nhiu li hiu
phn on.
Ti cng tham kho thm li dch ca Lm Ng ng, hc gi ny thnh thong c nhng
mi m, khc ngi; sau cng cun Confucius ca Etiemble (Gallimard 1966) cng gip ti
c t nhiu.

Mi bn nh s theo mt cch, phn nhiu theo li ca Chu Hi. Chng ti theo li ca Triu
Thng (sch dn).

Th d bi u thin V (Cng D Trng) chp vic Khng t g con gi ca anh cho Nam Dung.
Chu Hi chia lm hai bi: bi V.I ni v Cng D Trng, V.2 ni v Nam Dung. Triu Thng gom
li thnh mt.

Do s th t ca bi trong bn dch ca Triu Thng v ca chng ti khc vi nhiu bn lu

hnh. Nu theo s ca chng ti m tm khng ra trong cc bn ca c gi c, th tm ngc ln
hay tm xui xung mt vi bi s thy.

CC BNG PHN LOI

Cui bn dch, chng ti thm nhiu bng phn loi v hai bng nhn danh.

Vic phn loi phc tp v tn cng lm. B Lun ng gm 20 thin, trn nm trm nm chc
bi. C bi ch gm tm ch nh bi IX.1: T hn ngn li d mnh d nhn, mun phn loi
cho k th phi sp vo 4 loi: li, mnh, nhn v cch dy ca Khng t.

Mt bi di hn c tn nhiu ngi, thm tn t na, th c khi phi sp vo chn mi ch.

Rt t bi ch ch cn sp vo mt hai ch. a s sch phi sp vo bn nm ch. Nh vy, nm

trm ri bi phi sp vo khong hai ngn ch l t, bt tin cho vic tra cu. Mun d tra th
phi rt bt i cho gin tin hn; tm chnh ca mi bi m sp thi. Nh bi IX.1, theo ti,
chnh (tm gi nh vy) ch li; v li sp vo mc li (ngha, li) d kim hn l sp vo
mc nhn v trong Lun ng c rt t bi ni v li v rt nhiu bi ni v nhn; cho nn
ti ch sp vo mc ngha, li ri ghi: IX.1 (T hn ngn li), m khi sp vo cc mc
mnh, nhn, cch dy ca Khng t.

Sp theo cch th gim i c nhiu, mc ch chnh l nhng ngi quen vi Lun ng

dng. c gi no cha quen vi Lun ng tt kh tra hn chng ti, chng ti nh xin li
nhng v .

V tn ngi, chng ti lp hai bng, mt bng cho cc ngi khng phi l mn sinh Khng t,
mt bng ring cho cc mn sinh.

Chng ti phi phn bit bn loi v mn sinh:

1- bi Khng t xt mn sinh;

2- bi mn sinh xt Khng;

3- bi chp ngn hnh mt s mn sinh c ting;

4- nhng bi khc ch nhc ti tn mn sinh thi (loi ny nhiu nht).

Nhng vy cng l chng ti d kim.

Sau cng, cui sch, chng ti thm mt bng na: nhng cu thng dn; gm c mt s bi
c chm ngn ca Khng t hoc nhng cu thnh ng Nhiu ln mun kim nhng thnh
ng nh n c tri tn, qu do bt cp, d trc bo on, nhn nng hong o, phi o
hong nhn v.v u m ngi phi lt coi tng thin mt, tn c gi cha chc tm c, v
vy ti gom gp nhng cu cho vo mt bng ring. Bng ny ch c vi trang gip ti rt
nhiu.

Nhng bng phn loi k trn phi dng lu ri mi thy khuyt im, cn phi sa i, sp li,
b tc. Nu sau ny cn th gi, ti s lm cng vic .

-----------------
NXB Vn Ho in nm 1994. (BT).

NXB Vn Ho in nm 1993 (in ln th t). (BT).

Hin (Ebook ngun chp sai thnh Hiu): mt mn sinh ca Khng t, h Nguyn (), tn
Hin (), t l T T (). (Goldfish).

Nguyn vn: . (Goldfish).

oan Mc T (): ch T ny v ba ch T sau, ebook ngun u chp l t.

V sau, nhng ch in sai, nu bit, ti cng sa li, nhng khi rm, ti ch ghi ch thch
nu thy cn. (Goldfish).

ni nm 436 trc Ty lch. (Goldfish).

Nhng ch mu , in m nh XIII.11 ny l nhng ch ti ng sai, s kim tra sau.

(Goldfish).

Th Tiu nh, thin Ng hnh k d. (Goldfish).

Nguyn vn: . Ch d, ebook ngun chp sai thnh du. (Goldfish).

Hai bi ny trng my ch sau y: Ch trung tn, v hu bt nh k gi, qu tc vt n ci

(,,). (Goldfish).

Hai bi ny trng cu: T vit: Bt ti k v, bt mu k chnh

(). (Goldfish).

Ebook ngun chp l thin XIV, ti sa li thnh thin XIX (tc thin T Trng).
(Goldfish).

Nguyn vn: . Ch "tt", ebook ngun chp l

bnh. Goldfish).

Ebook ngun chp l: cho ch k ch cha m hai cch trn, ch k ch con). (Goldfish).

Nhim Cu: tc Nhim Hu ni trn. ng h Nhim, tn Cu, t Hu. (Goldfish).

Thi Chin Quc (403-221) trc Cng nguyn.

Thin Hc nhi, tc thin I, bt u bng my ch T vit: Hc nhi thi tp chi

(); thin Ung d, tc thin VI, bt u bng my ch T vit: Ung d kh
s nam din (); thin T hn, tc thin IX, bt u bng my ch T
hn ngn li d mnh d nhn (). (Goldfish).

Nguyn vn ch Hn: . (Goldfish).

Nguyn Thin Th, trong sch dn, cng gom hai bi lm mt. (Goldfish).

Ch nhn ny do ti ghi thm, trong ebook ngun ch c mt du ngoc kp! (Goldfish).

DCH V CH THCH
THIN I

HC NHI

I.1

T vit: Hc nhi thi tp chi, bt dic duyt h? Hu bng t vin phng lai, bt dic lc h,
nhn bt tri nhi bt un, bt dic qun t h?

Dch.- Khng t ni: Hc m mi bui tp, chng cng thch ? (Khi hc tn ti ri) c bn
(cng ch hng) xa nghe ting m tm li ( bn v o l vi nhau) chng cng vui ?
Nhng nu khng ai bit ti mnh m mnh khng hn gin th chng cng qun t ?.

I.2

Hu t vit: K vi nhn d hiu nhi hiu phm thng gi tin h. Bt hiu phm thng nhi
hiu tc lon gi, v chi hu d. Qun t v bn, bn lp nhi o sinh. Hiu d gi, k vi nhn
chi bn d.

Dch. Hu t ni: Lm ngi, c nt hiu, th ai dm xc phm b trn. Khng thch xc

phm b trn m thch lm lon th cha tng c. Ngi qun t chm ch vo vic gc, gc m
vng th o c sinh ra. Hiu, l ci gc ca c nhn y chng?
Ch thch. Hu t, h Hu, tn Nhc, ngi nc L, hc tr Khng t, c bn hc knh
mn.

Ch qun t y nn hiu lm ngi cm quyn, nh vy bi ny l li khuyn hng ngi tr

dn; nhng cng c th hiu l ngi c o c.

I.3

T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tin h nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ni nng kho lo, nt mt gi b nim n, hng ngi t c lng
nhn.

I.4

Tng t vit: Ng nht tam tnh ng thn: V nhn mu nhi bt trung h? D bng hu giao nhi
bt tn h? Truyn bt cp h?

Dch. Tng tni: Mi ngy ti t xt ba vic: Lm vic g cho ai, c ht lng khng? Giao
thip vi bn b, c thnh tn khng? Thy dy cho iu g, c hc tp (cho nhun) khng?
I.5

T vit: o thin thng chi quc, knh s nhi tn, tit dng nhi i nhn, s dn d thi.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Tr mt nc (ch hu khng ln khng nh) c ngn c xe th phi thn
trng trong vic m thnh tht vi dn, khng lng ph l yu dn, khin dn lm vic, phi hp
thi (khi dn rnh vic nng).

I.6

T vit: t nhp tc hiu, xut tc , cn nhi tn, phim i chng nhi thn nhn; hnh hu
d lc tc d hc vn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Con em (thanh nin) trong nh th hiu, tho vi cha m, ra ngoi th
knh nhng bc huynh trng, thn trng li ni m thnh thc, yu khp mi ngi m gn
gi ngi nhn c; lm c th vy ri m cn d sc th s hc vn (tc hc Thi, Th, L,
Nhc, Dch).

I.7

T H vit: Hin hin d sc, s ph mu nng kit k lc, s qun nng tr k thn, d bng hu
giao, ngn nhi hu tn, tuy vit v hc, ng tt v chi hc h.

I.8

T vit: Qun t bt trng tc bt uy, hc tc bt c; ch trung tn, v hu bt nh k gi, qu

tc vt n ci.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng trang trng th khng uy nghi, hc tt khng vng
(khng t l); chuyn ch vo s trung tn, khng kt bn vi ngi khng (trung tn) nh mnh;
c li th ch ngi sa i.

I.9

Tng T vit: Thn chung truy vin, dn c qui hu h.

Dch. Tng t ni: Thn trng trong tang l cha m, truy nim v t t t tin xa, th c ca
dn s thun hu.

I.10

T Cm vn T Cng vit: Phu t ch th bang d, tt vn k chnh, cu chi d, c d chi

d.

T Cng vit: Phu t n, lng, cung, kim, nhng d c chi. Phu t chi cu chi d, k ch d
h nhn chi cu chi d?

Dch. T Cm hi T Cng: Thy mnh (y tr Khng t) ti nc no cng c nghe

chnh s nc , nh vy l thy cu nghe hay l nh cm quyn t bo cho bit?

T Cng p: Thy mnh c thi n ho, lng thin, cung thun, tit kim, khim tn, nh
vy m ngi ta bo cho bit. Vy cch cu nghe ca thy mnh hoc gi c ch khng ging
cch cu nghe ca ngi khc chng?

I.11

T vit: Ph ti, quan k ch; ph mt, quan k hnh; tam nin v ci ph chi o, kh v hiu
h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cha cn th xt ch hng ca ngi, cha mt ri th xt hnh vi ca

ngi, ba nm sau m khng thay i khun php (tt p) ca cha th c th gi l c hiu.

Ch thch. Nguyn vn ch dng ch o. Chng ti ngh gi o th phi tt p, c tt p

th con mi nn gi ng; h ba nm ht tang m cn gi c th tt s gi c hoi. Cn iu
khng thin ca cha th khng th gi l o c, c th sa i lin.

C nhn c ngi hiu khc: d cha sinh tin c lm g tri o th ngi con c hiu cng
khng n sa i ngay, m i ht tang cha .

I.12

Hu t vit: L chi dng, ha vi qu. Tin vng chi o t vi m, tiu i do chi. Hu s bt

hnh, tri ha nhi ha, bt d l tit chi, dic bt kh hnh d.
Dch. Hu t ni: Cng dng ca l nghi, qu nht l iu ho (cho thch hp, cho ho hp).
Php tr nc ca tin vng nh m hon m, vic ln vic nh u theo l c. Tuy nhin, c
iu ny (tin vng) khng lm: bit cng dng ca l l ho, m ch trng ho (kh), khng
dng l tit ch (th s phng ng). l vic khng nn lm.

Ch thch. bi ny cng nh cu ho nhi bt lu (ho m khng phng tng) trong Trung

dung.

I.13

Hu t vit: Tn cn ngha, ngn kh phc d. Cung cn l, vin s nhc d. Nhn bt tht k

thn, dic kh tn d.

Dch. Hu t ni: Li c hn phi hp ngha th mi gi c. Cung knh phi hp l th

mi trnh c nhc. Thn cn vi ngi ng cho mnh thn cn (tc ngi c c nhn) th
ngi mnh c th tn knh c (hoc nng nh ngi ng cho mnh thn cn ngi c
c nhn th ngi c th lm ch mnh c).

Ch thch. Ch nhn y c th hiu l thn cn hay nng nh. Ch tn c th hiu l knh

m coi l ch mnh.

I.14

T vit: Qun t, thc v cu bo, c v cu an, mn s nhi thn ngn, tu hu o nhi

chnh yn, kh v hiu hc d d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t n khng cu c y , khng cu c yn vui,

lm vic sing nng m thn trng li ni, tm ngi o c (th gio) sa mnh; nh vy c
th gi l ngi ham hc.

Ch thch. - Thc v cu bo, c v cu an: khng hiu theo ngha tng ch. Khng t mun
ni: nn thn trng n s sa mnh hn ci n ci .

I.15

T Cng vit: Bn nhi v sim, ph nhi v kiu, h nh?

T vit: Kh d; v nhc bn nhi lc, ph nhi hiu l gi d.

T Cng vit: Thi vn: Nh thit nh tha, nh trc nh ma - K t chi v d?.

T vit: T d, thy kh d ngn Thi d h, co ch vng nhi tri lai gi.

Dch. T Cng hi: Ngho m khng nnh, giu m khng kiu, hng ngi ra sao?

Khng t p: Kh y; nhng cha bng ngho m vui, giu m thch gi l.

T Cng tha: Kinh Thi c cu: Nh ct sng b, nh gia ng voi, nh o ngc p, nh
mi qu. ngha nh vy chng?

Khng t khen: T, nh anh mi ng cho ta ging Kinh Thi cho. V bo cho iu trc m
anh hiu c iu sau.

I.16

T vit: Bt hon nhn chi bt k tri, hon bt tri nhn d.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng lo ngi khng bit mnh, ch lo mnh khng bit ngi.

Ch thch. Lo mnh khng bit ngi l lo khng bit ngi no hin theo, ngi xu
trnh. Nn so snh bt hon nhn chi bt k tri trong bi ny vi nhn bt tri nhi bt un
trong bi u.

-----------------------
I.1: Trong ebook ngun ch 1 (s Rp - ch s th t ca bi), tin vic tm kim, ti ghi
thm I. (s La M - ch s th t ca chng); cc bi sau cng vy. (Goldfish).

Bng: c sch hiu l hc tr xa li xin hc, v cu ny ngha nh li Mnh t: c k

anh ti trong thin h dy d, l mt trong ba ci vui ca ngi qun t.
Nh vy cu u: Hc nhi thi tp tr thi hc bt ym (hc khng chn); cu sau tr
thi gio nhn bt quyn (dy ngi khng mi) ca Khng t.
C ba giai on hc trong bi ny l: hc thnh k (cu u), ri ti thnh nhn (cu nh), sau
cng thnh c (cu cui).
Chng ti cho hiu nh vy l hi g p. Nn hiu theo Chu Hi nh chng ti dch trn.

Qun t: mi u tr hng qu tc cm quyn, tr dn. Tiu nhn l dn thng. (coi cun Khng
t chng VII). Khng t cho rng ngi cm quyn phi c c, do m qun t cn c
ngha l ngi c c d cm quyn, hay khng (nh trong bi ny). Ch tiu nhn cng vy, c
hai ngha: dn thng, hoc ngi cm quyn thiu c. c Lun ng, chng ta phi tu ch
m hiu theo ngha ny hay ngha khc.

Tng t, h Tng, tn Sm, t l T D, ngi nc L, hc tr nh tui nht ca Khng t,

km Khng t 46 tui, sau dy chu ni ca Khng t l Khng Cp (T T), ng rt c hiu;
thn ph l Tng Tch cng l hc tr ca Khng t.

Phim: Trn mng c bn chp l phim (), c bn chp l phm (). (Goldfish).

T H h Bc, tn Thng, hc tr ca Khng t, nh hn thy 44 tui, khng r qu qun

u, v gi lm thy Ngu Vn Hu.
 Ch [], a s hc gi c l dch, ngha l i, v ging l: tn trng ngi hin m i lng
hiu sc i (Chu Hi), hoc: em lng hiu sc i lm tn trng ngi hin (Khng An Quc).
Nham S C c l d, ging l coi thng. Hai cch u c c. Chng ti theo h Nham v
nh vy l hai (tn trng ngi hin v coi thng sc p) i nhau.
Nhng c iu thc mc: khuyn coi thng sc p, iu c lin quan g ti o th cha m,
th vua, v giao thip vi bn b? Trn T Phm v Tng Tng Phng ging: Hin hin d sc
l ni v o v chng (chng i vi v, nn trng c ca v m coi thng sc p); o v
chng ng u nhn lun nn T H a ln trc, ri mi ni n o cha con, vua ti, bn
b. Ging nh vy cng c l. Nhng chng ti vn tn nghi. [Ch t trong du ngoc ng
l do ti ghi thm, v sau, nu cn, ti cng ghi nh vy nhng s khng ch thch. (Goldfish)].

Bi 7 ny, trong ebook ngun khng c phn dch. (Goldfish).

T Cm, h Trn, tn Cang, cng l hc tr ca Khng t, coi bi XVI.13.

T Cng, h oan Mc, tn T, ngi nc V, l hc tr ca Khng t

THIN II

VI CHNH

II.1

T vit: Vi chnh d c, th nh bc thn, c k s nhi chng tinh cng chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Lm chnh tr (tr dn) m dng c ( cm ho dn) th nh sao bc

u mt ni m cc ngi sao khc hng v c (tc: thin h theo v).

Ch thch. y l ch trng v vi ca Khng: khng phi dng hnh php, trnh c mi

phin phc, chng c mi bin ng.

II.2

T vit: Thi tam bch, nht ngn d t chi, vit: T v t.

Dch. Khng t ni: Kinh Thi c ba trm thin, mt li bao qut tt c, l t tng thun
chnh.

Ch thch. Kinh Thi c 311 thin nhng su thin ch c tn m mt li, cn li l 305 thin;
ni l 300 l s chn.

Trnh t cho rng ch t khng c ngha l tri vi chnh, m c ngha tri vi thnh thc: li
no trong Kinh Thi cng t ng s thc, c thnh thc mi cm c ngi. Nhiu nh theo
cch hiu ca Trnh t v trong Kinh Thi c nhiu bi t tnh luyn i ca trai gi, sao c th bo
l v t l thun chnh c.

C ngi ngh: nhng bi ca dao t tnh trai gi yu nhau, bt k dn tc no cng rt nhiu.

Khng t san nh Kinh Thi, tt b i mt s; v nhng bi gi li, c th ng cho l v
hi: tnh trong t nhin, chnh ng.

ng khng qu nghim khc nh cc nh nho thi sau chng? Thuyt ny c ngi cho l sai:
Khng t khng h san Kinh Thi, ng gi ; v t v t l thi ca ta nn c khi c Kinh
Thi. Nhng theo nguyn vn th Khng t xt v Kinh Thi ch khng xt v cch c Kinh Thi.

II.3

T vit: o chi d chnh, t chi d hnh, dn min nhi v s. o chi d c, t chi d l, hu s

th cch.

Dch. Khng t ni: Dng chnh lnh dt dn dn, dng hnh pht bt dn vo khun
php, dn trnh khi ti nhng khng bit h thn. Dng o c dt dn dn, dng l gio
t dn vo khun php, dn bit h thn m li theo ng chnh.

Ch thch. - Ch t c th hiu l t chnh, hoc nht lut nh nhau. Vo khun php din
c hai . Ch cch, c ngi ging l ch, n (t c mc thin). Li c bi ging l
thun phc.

Bi ny b tc bi 1 trn.

II.4

T vit: Ng thp hu ng nhi ch hc; tam thp nhi lp; t thp nhi bt hoc; ng thp nhi tri
thin mnh; lc thp nhi nh thun; tht thp nhi tng tm s dc, bt du c.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta mi lm tui ch vo vic hc (o); ba mi tui bit t lp (tc

khc k phc l, c theo iu l m lm); bn mi tui khng nghi hoc na (tc c tr c, nn
hiu r ba c nhn, l, ngha); nm mi tui bit mnh tri (bit c vic no sc ngi lm
c, vic no khng lm c); su mi tui bit theo mnh tri (ch nh y khng c
ngha l tai, m c ngha l d = ); by mi tui theo lng mun ca mnh m khng vt ra
ngoi khun kh o l (khng phi suy ngh, gng sc m hnh ng t nhin, hp o l).

Ch thch. - C ngi hiu lp l t mnh bit theo chnh o; chng ti theo nhng cu lp
l (Thin Thi B, bi 8), bt tri l v d lp (Thin Nghiu vit, bi 3) m dch nh trn.
Thin mnh c ngi hiu l lut tri, s bin ho, din tin trong v tr. Nh thun, hu ht
cc sch u ging l: tai thun, tc nghe ai ni th hiu c ngay ngi ngh g, mun ni
g, c g.

II.5

Mnh t vn hiu. T vit: v vi.

Phn Tr ng, t co chi vit: Mnh tn vn hiu ng, ng i vit: v vi. Phn Tr vit: H
v d? T vit: Sinh, s chi d l; t, tng chi d l, t chi d l.
Dch. Mnh t hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Khng tri.

(Mt hm) Phn Tr nh xe (cho Khng t). Khng t bo: Mnh Tn hi ta v o hiu, ta
p: khng tri. Phn Tr hi: Thy p nh vy ngha l g? Khng t p: Cha m
sng th phng s cho hp l, mt ri th tng tng cho hp l, cng t cho hp l.

Ch thch. Mnh t, h Trng Tn, tn H K, l mt i phu nc L. Theo T truyn th

Mnh Hi t, cha Mnh t, trc khi cht, dn t phi li Khng t xin hc l. Mnh Tn
cng l Mnh t. Phn Tr, h Phn, tn Tu, t T Tr, hc tr Khng t.

II.6

Mnh V B vn hiu. T vit: Ph mu duy k tt chi u.

Dch. Mnh V B hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Cha m ch lo cho con b bnh tt.

Ch thch. Bi ny c nhiu cch hiu. Hiu nh chng ti dch th ch k ch con ci. C th

Mnh V B, tn l Tr, con Mnh t, chi bi qu , khng gi gn sc kho, khin cha m
lo, nn Khng t khuyn vy. Ai lm cha m cng lo nht cho con khi chng au m.

C ngi ging hi khc: ngi con c hiu th thn trng trong mi vic, khng lm g cho cha
m phi lo; duy c bnh tt l khng phng c, cho nn ch lo mnh c bnh tt, khin cha
m bun.

Li c thuyt cho ch k ch cha m. Ngi con m lo cha m bnh tt (ht sc sn sc sc kho

ca cha m) l ngi con c hiu.

II.7

T Du vn hiu. T vit: Kim chi hiu gi, th v nng dng. Ch khuyn m giai nng hu
dng, bt knh h d bit h?.

Dch. T Du hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Ngy nay ngi ta hiu l c th nui cha m,

nhng n ch, nga kia, ngi ta cng nui, nu khng knh cha m th c khc g?

Ch thch. T Du, h Ngn, tn Yn, hc tr Khng t.

C ngi cho hiu nh trn th li Khng t gay gt qu, so snh vic nui cha m (ca hng con
c hiu) vi vic nui ch nga; cho nn bo hai ch khuyn m ch bn con bt hiu khng
knh cha m. Ti ngh Khng t tnh tnh n ho, c mng bn th ch gi l bt nhn, ch
khng tn nhn n bo h l ch nga.

Li c thuyt hiu l: loi vt nh ch nga cng bit nui cha m chng. iu khng ng:
ch, nga khi ln ri, khng nhn ra cha m na, hoc nhn c th cng khng h nui cha
m.

Mt thuyt na: ch gi nh, nga ch nng, nh vy l ch, nga cng nui ngi, nhng
chng khng bit cung knh; ngi nui cha m m khng cung knh th khc g ch nga nui
ch. Cng p na.

II.8

T H vn hiu. T vit: Sc nan. Hu s, t phc k lao, hu tu thc, tin sinh son, tng
th d vi hiu h?

Dch. T H hi v o hiu. Khng t p: Kh ch gi c nt mt vui v. Khi cha c

vic, con phi kh nhc ( gip cha), hoc khi c cm ru, mi cha n ung, nh vy l hiu
chng?

Ch thch. Ch sc trong bi tr nt mt ca con. T H cng trc, nn Khng t khuyn nh

vy. Nhng c ngi cho l nt mt ca cha m: con phi lm sao cho cha m lc no cng vui
v.

II.9

T vit: Ng d Hi ngn chung nht, bt vi nh ngu. Thoi nhi tnh k t, dic tc d pht. Hi,
d bt ngu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta vi (Nhan ) Hi ni (v o) sut ngy, anh y khng hi vn ta iu

g c, c v nh ngu n. Nhng khi anh y lui v, ta xt k i t ca anh y th thy cng pht
huy c li ta ging. Anh Hi khng phi l ngu.

Ch thch. Nhan Hi, t T Uyn, ngi nc L, hc tr ca Khng t, cht trc thy, nm

32 tui.

II.10

T vit: Th k s d, quan k s do, st k s an, nhn yn su tai? Nhn yn su tai?

Dch. Khng t ni: Xem vic lm ca mt ngi, tm hiu v l g h lm vic y, xt xem h

(lm vic ) c an tm (hay vui v) khng, nh vy ngi ta cn giu mnh sao c?

II.11

T vit: n c nhi tri tn, kh d vi s h.

Dch. Khng t ni: n li nhng iu c m bit c iu mi (hoc: n li iu mnh

bit m thm iu mi) nh vy c th lm thy c.

II.12

T vit: Qun t bt kh.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng phi l mt dng (ngha l ch dng vo c
mt vic, m phi hiu rng, bit nhiu, lm c nhiu vic).

II.13

T Cng vn qun t. T vit: Tin hnh k ngn, nhi hu tng chi.

Dch. T Cng hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Lm trc iu mnh mun ni ri hy

ni sau.

II.14

T vit: Qun t chu nhi bt t, tiu nhn t nhi bt chu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t thn vi mi ngi m khng kt ng v t li; tiu nhn
kt ng v t li m khng thn vi mi ngi.

II.15

T vit: Hc nhi bt t tc vng, t nhi bt hc tc i.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hc m khng suy ngh th m ti (khng hiu c g, qu tin sch),
suy ngh m khng hc th nguy hi (hao tm lc).

Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: suy ngh m khng hc th nghi hoc, khng bit th no l phi
tri.

II.16

T vit: Cng h d oan, t hi d d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Chuyn tm nghin cu nhng cc oan th c hi.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu khc: cng l cng kch, d ngha l [] (ch): cng kch nhng ci
cc oan th ngn c hi.

Li c ngi cho d oan tr t thuyt. C th nh vy, nhng chc chn l Khng t khng m
ch hc thuyt Dng Chu, Mc ch, v thi ng hc thuyt cha xut hin.

C ngi bo d oan cng nh lng oan trong bi IX.7 l hai mt ca vn . Xt c hai mt,
ri chit trung th ngn c hi.

Chng ti hiu d oan l khng trung chnh, nn dch nh trn.

II.17

T vit: Do, hi nh tri chi h! Tri chi vi tri chi, bt tri vi bt tri, th tri d.
Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Do, ta dy cho anh th no l bit ny. Bit iu g th nhn l
bit, khng bit th nhn khng bit, nh vy l bit.

Ch thch. Do l tn, h l Trng. Trng Do t l T L, ngi nc L, hc tr Khng t, c

sc mnh, gii chnh tr, km Khng t mi tui.

II.18

T Trng hc can lc. T vit: a vn, khuyt nghi, thn ngn k d, tc qu vu. a kin,
khuyt i, thn hnh k d, tc qu hi. Ngn qu vu, hnh qu hi, lc ti k trung h.

Dch. T Trng mun hc lm quan, c bng lc. Khng t bo: Nghe nhiu, iu g cn
nghi th , ng ni, nhng iu cn li (tin c) th khi ni, phi thn trng, nh vy s t
li. Thy nhiu, iu g cha yn lng (hoc cn nghi ng) th khi lm phi thn trng, nh vy
t phi n nn. Li ni t li lm, vic lm t n nn; bng lc t nhin trong (ngha l t
nhin s c).

Ch thch. T Trng, h Chuyn Tn, tn S, hc tr Khng t.

II.19

Ai cng vn vit: H vi tc dn phc? Khng t i vit: C trc, th ch ung, tc dn phc.

C ung th ch trc, tc dn bt phc.

Dch. Vua Ai cng hi: Lm th no th dn phc tng?

Khng t p: c ngi ngay thng ln trn hng ngi cong queo th dn phc tng, c
ngi cong queo ln trn ngi ngay thng th dn khng phc tng.

Ch thch. Ai cng l vua nc L, con nh cng, ln ngi nm -494. Bi ny c th hiu hai

cch: ch th l b, ch ch l ht thy, nh vy c trc th ch ung ngha l: Dng ngi
ngay thng, b ht nhng ngi cong queo.

Chng ti hiu theo Triu Thng (Lun ng dch ch Hu Lin xut bn): th l t ln, ch l
hai ch chi hp li (nh t nh = anh y ca ta, hoc t Smog = Smoke + fog ca Anh) m dch
nh trn. Triu Thng cho rng hiu nh vy mi hp vi cu c trc th ch ung, nng s
ung gi trc trong bi 20 thin XII (Nhan Uyn): c c ngi ngay thng ln trn ngi
cong queo th ngi cong queo cng t rt i, nu khng t sa mnh, khng cn phi ui ht
bn h i.

II.20

Qu Khang t vn: S dn knh, trung d khuyn, nh chi h?

T vit: Lm chi d trang tc knh, hiu t tc trung, c thin nhi gio bt nng tc khuyn.
Dch. Qu Khang t hi: Mun cho dn cung knh, trung thnh v khuyn nhau lm iu
thin, th lm cch no?

Khng t p: X vi dn m nghim trang th dn cung knh. Hiu thun (vi cha m), t i
(vi ngi di) th dn trung thnh. Ct nhc ngi tt, dy d ngi khng tt th dn khuyn
nhau lm iu thin.

Ch thch. Qu Khang t, h Qu Tn, tn Ph, l mt i phu ca L.

II.21

Hoc v Khng t vit: T h bt vi chnh.

T vit: Th vn: Hiu h duy hiu, hu vu huynh . Thi hu chnh, th dic vi chnh, h
k vi vi chnh?

Dch. C ngi hi Khng t: Ti sao ng khng tng chnh (ra lm quan).

Khng t p: Kinh Th c cu: Hiu thun a, hiu thun vi cha m, thn i a, thn i vi
anh em. Thi hnh cu ni m cm ho c hng ngi cm quyn, th cng l tng chnh,
sao c tham gia chnh s mi l tng chnh?

Ch thch. Chng ti dch nh trn theo cch chm cu ca mt s hc gi ngy nay: Triu
Thng trong sch dn, v Thm Tri Phng trong Lun ng c bn Khi Minh th cc
xut bn. Hai nh cho Hiu h duy hiu l ch trong Kinh Th ca tng c hiu, cng nh
my ch l h l trong L K l li ca tng l. Cn bn ch Thi hu chnh l li ca Khng
t, nu l li ca Kinh Th th khng dng ch m dng ch vu nh cu trn.

Cc hc gi thi trc chm cu khc: T vit: Th vn hiu h? Duy hiu, hu vu huynh ,

thi hu chnh. Th dic vi chnh H cho Th vn hiu h l li Khng t, m thi hu
chnh l li trong Kinh Th, v dch l:

Khng t p: C bit Kinh Th ni v o hiu chng? Cho c hiu vi cha m, ho thun

vi anh em, thi hnh cho c chnh sch. y cng l lm vic chnh tr; ti sao c phi tng chnh
mi l lm vic chnh tr?.

Chm cu cch no th ngha cng khng thay i. Khng t mun ni: ng khng ra lm
quan nhng dy ngi ta hiu , v ngi ta nghe ng, khi cm quyn m thi hnh hnh hiu
, th nc s tr, nh vy cng l ng gip vo vic chnh s, gip nc ri.

II.22

T vit: Nhn nhi v tn, bt tri k kh d. i xa v ngh, tiu xa v ngt, k h d hnh chi
tai?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi m khng c tn th khng hiu sao thnh ngi c (hoc lm
nn vic c). Cng nh xe ln khng c n ngh (n g ngang buc tru); xe nh khng
c n ngt (n g cong buc nga) lm sao m i c?.

II.23

T Trng vn: Thp th, kh tri d?.

T vit: n nhn H l, s tn ch kh tri d. Chu nhn n l, s tn ch kh tri d. K hoc

k Chu gi, tuy bch th, kh tri d.

Dch. T Trng hi: Mi i (sau ny) c th bit c khng?

Khng t p: Nh n theo l ca nh H, thm bt ci g, ta c th bit c. Nh Chu

theo l ca nh n, thm bt ci g, ta c th bit c. Sau ny hoc c nh no ni nh
Chu, d c trm i cng c th bit c.

Ch thch. Ch th (i) y nn hiu l triu i, ch khng phi l i ngi. Ch l c

ngha rng: in chng, ch , nghi thc, tp tc. Khng t mun ni s din ho ca lch s
theo lut nhn qu, do m xt vic i trc c th bit c vic i sau. Nh H (2205-
1767); nh Thng sau i tn l n (1766-1122); nh Chu (1122-274), ba triu i ni nhau,
gi l tam i.

II.24

T vit: Phi k qu, nhi t chi, sim d. Kin ngha bt vi, v dng d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng phi t tin mnh khut m mnh t th l nnh b; thy vic
ngha m khng lm l khng c dng.

---------------------
Trnh t: tc Trnh iu, l mt danh Nho thi nh Tng. (Goldfish).

Trn trang , c ngi bo Phng Hu Lan, trong Tn Nguyn o, cng cho rng ch nh
() ngha l d (), v cu lc thp nhi nh thun () nn hiu l lc thp nhi
d thun (). (Goldfish).

Tt: Trong phn Gii thiu, ch tng ng chp l bnh (chc chp lm). (Goldfish).

D: Trn mng c bn chp l d (), c bn chp l k (). (Goldfish).

Nh: Nguyn vn ch Hn l , y c l nh v c ngha nh ch (nh). (Goldfish).

ni: ch () = chi () + (). (Goldfish).

Khuyn: c bn chp l khuyn (), c bn chp l cn (). (Goldfish).

Kinh Th c nhiu bn, cha r bn no.

Cu Nh Chu theo l ca nh n, thm bt ci g, ta c th bit c l do ti ghi thm.

(Goldfish).

Qu l ngi cht.

THIN III

BT DT
III.1

Khng t v Qu th bt dt v nh: Th kh nhn d, thc bt kh nhn d.

Dch. Khng t bn v vic Qu Th dng v bt dt (ca thin t) i snh (h Qu), bo:

Vic nhn tm lm c th vic g m khng nhn tm lm c?.

Ch thch. Bi ny nhiu bn c chm cu nh sau: Khng t v Qu th: Bt dt v nh,

th kh nhn d, ngha l Khng t bo Qu th: V bt dt i snh (nh ng), vic ng
nhn tm lm c. Thi qui nh: thin t mi dng v bt dt: tm hng ngi, mi
hng tm ngi; ch hu th lc dt: 6 hng, mi hng 6 ngi; khanh, i phu th t dt: 4 hng,
mi hng 4 ngi; s th nh dt: 2 hng, mi hng 2 ngi. Qu th y c l l Qu Tn Hon t,
ch l mt i phu nc L, khng dng v t dt, m dng v bt dt l dng cng l thin t,
tri php.

III.2

Tam gia gi d Ung trit. T vit: Tng duy tch cng, thin t mc mc, h th tam gia chi
ng?.

Dch. Ba nh i phu (nc L: Mnh Tn, Thc Tn, Qu Tn) cho ht Ung (mt thin trong
Chu tng Kinh Thi) khi dp t l i. Khng t ni: (Hai cu trong th Ung : ) tr t l
vua cc ch hu, thin t (lm ch t) th rt nghim tc, ht trong ba i snh ba nh th
cn ngha g na?.

Ch thch. Theo l, khi thin t t tn miu, th cc ch hu tr t, v cho ht th Ung m

dp t l. Khng t ch ba nh , tim l ca thin t, th Ung ht trong nhng trng hp
ho v ngha.

III.3

T vit: Nhn nhi bt nhn, nh l h? Nhn nhi bt nhn, nh nhc h?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi khng c c nhn th l m lm g? Ngi khng c c nhn th
nhc m lm g?.

Ch thch. Khng t cho c nhn l gc ca l nhc.

III.4

Lm Phng vn l chi bn. T vit: i tai vn! L, d k xa d, ninh kim; tang d k d d,

ninh thch.

Dch. Lm Phng hi v gc ca l. Khng t p: Cu hi quan trng y! L m qu xa

x th kim c cn hn; tang m qu ch trng nghi tit th thng st cn hn.

Ch thch. Khng r Lm Phng l ai.

III.5

T vit: Di ch chi hu qun, bt nh ch H chi v d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cc nc Di, ch ( chung quanh Trung Quc, lc hu) d c vua cng
khng bng cc nc Hoa H (Trung Quc) khng c vua (v Hoa H c l nghi).

Ch thch. Chu Hi cho hai ch bt nh l khng ging; v ngha khc hn: Khng t c
than th cc nc ch hu hi khng cho thin t nh Chu khng ra g, thnh th Trung Quc
cng nh khng c vua. Hai theo hai cch u c c. Phi bit trong hon cnh no, Khng t
ni cu th mi r ng mun ni g.

III.6

Qu th l Thi Sn. T v Nhim Hu vit: Nh pht nng cu d? i vit: Bt nng. T

vit: h! Tng v Thi Sn bt nh Lm Phng h?.

Dch. H Qu t l ni Thi Sn. Khng t hi Nhim Hu (lm quan t ca h Qu): Anh

khng ngn c sao? Nhim Hu p: Khng ngn c. Khng t ni: Than i! Vy l
cho rng ni Thi Sn khng bng Lm Phng sao?.

Ch thch. Ni Thi Sn nc L. Theo l th ch vua L mi t thn ni , Qu th mt i

phu, li t l tim l.

Thn ni Thi Sn tt khng hng t l ca Qu th, v nu hng th chng ho ra thn khng

bng Lm Phng sao? (Lm Phng l ngi hiu l - coi bi 4 trn).

Nhim Hu, h Nhim, tn Cu, hc tr Khng t.

III.7

T vit: Qun t v s tranh, tt d x h? p nhng nhi thng, h nhi m, k tranh d qun

t.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng ganh ua vi ai, nu c th ch trong lc bn

chng? Vi nhng ri mi bc ln, khi lui xung th mi ngi kia ung ru. Ganh ua nhau
nh vy mi l qun t.

III.8

T H vn vit: Xo tiu thin h, m mc phn h, t d vi huyn h h v d? T vit: Hi

s hu t. Vit: L hu h? - Vit: Khi d gi Thng d! Thy kh d ngn Thi d h.

Dch. T H ni: (Kinh Thi ni: ) ming xinh chm chm ci, mt p long lanh sng, trn
nn trng v mu sc s ngha l th no?. Khng t p: C sn nn trng ri sau mi v.
T H (li hi): (Ngha l) l phi sau (nhn) chng? Khng t ni: Anh Thng pht
khi c ta, nh anh mi c th ging Kinh Thi cho c.

Ch thch. Khng t khen T H nghe mt bit hai.

III.9

T vit: H l, ng nng ngn chi, K bt tc trng d; n l, ng nng ngn chi, Tng bt tc

trng d; vn hin bt tc, c d. Tc, tc ng nng trng chi h.

Dch. Khng t ni: L ch nh H, ta c th ni c, nhng nc K khng lm chng;

l ch nh n, ta c th ni c, nhng nc Tng khng lm chng, v vn kin v ngi
hin hai nc khng . Nu th ta c th chng minh li ta ni c.

Ch thch. Nc K l hu du ca nh H, nc Tng l hu du nh n. Vn hin: Vn l

vn kin, hin l hin ti.

Nn coi li bi 23 thin II. Khng t trong bi bo nh n theo l ca nh H, thm bt g

ng bit c. Trong bi ny ng bo ng bit nhng ng th dn chng c v khng vn
kin v hin ti.

III.10

T vit: (c sch c l du), t k qun nhi vng gi, ng bt dc quan chi h.

Dch. Khng t ni: T , t lc rt ru xung t tr i, ta khng mun xem na.

Ch thch. T l mt t ln i xa, nm nm mt ln, lm tn miu nh vua. C sch ni

rt ru xung t l dng thn, ri mi by bi v t tin t. Khng t khng mun xem
vic by bi v v vua L Vn cng by bi v sai, khng hp l, t bi v Hi cng trn bi
v Mn cng. Hi cng l anh ca Mn cng, git Mn cng cp ngi. Vn cng l con Hi
cng cho nn t cha trn Mn cng. Khng t cho Mn cng mi thc l vua, Hi cng th qun
tim v, phi t bi v ca Mn cng ln trn.
 III.11

Hoc vn chi thuyt. T vit: Bt tri d. Tri k thuyt chi thin h d, k nh th ch h?

Ch k chng.

Dch. C ngi hi v thuyt t . Khng t p: Khng bit. Nu bit thuyt y, th vic tr

thin h cng nh trong ci ny chng? Ngi va ni va ch vo bn tay.

Ch thch. Khng t ch trng dng l tr thin h. T l mt t quan trng, nu hiu

c n (bit c l) th tr thin h rt d. ng ni khng hiu thuyt t , c th v khng
mun vch li ca vua L khi lm t chng?

III.12

T nh ti, t thn nh thn ti.

T vit: Ng bt d t, nh bt t.

Dch. T t tin nh t tin trc mt, t thn nh thn trc mt.

Khng t ni: Khi ta (v l g) khng ch thn ng t (m mn ngi thay)tuy c t y, vn

(n hn) nh cha t.

III.13

Vng Tn Gi vn vit: D k m o, ninh m To; h v d?. T vit: Bt nhin -

Hoch ti thin, v s o d.

Dch. Vng Tn Gi (mt i phu cm quyn V) hi: Tc ng c cu: Nnh thn o, th

nnh thn To cn hn, cu y c ngha g? Khng t p: Khng phi vy. Mc ti vi tri
th cu o u cng v ch.

Ch thch. Thn o l thn trong nh, thn To l thn trong bp. Thn To thp hn thn o
nhng coi vic bp nc, n ung, nn quan trng hn.

C ngi cho rng Vng Tn Gi ni bng by: Thn o ch V Linh cng, thn To ch nng
Nam T v Di T H, nhng ngi V Linh cng yu. Khng t nh mun c dng V th
ly lng V Linh cng khng bng ly lng Nam T v Di T H. Khng c tuyt mt cch
kho lo. ng c theo o tri, ngay thng, chng cn ly lng ai c.

III.14

T vit: Chu gim nh i, c c h vn tai! Ng tng Chu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nh Chu chm chc l ch ca hai triu i trc (H, n) nn vn v
rc r bit bao! Ta theo Chu.
 III.15

T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit: Thc v Tru nhn chi t tri l h, nhp thi miu,
mi s vn . T vn chi, vit: Th l d.

Dch. Khng t vo thi miu, thy vic g cng hi. C k bo: Ai bo con ngi t Tru
(qu hng ca Khng t L) y bit l. (Nu bit th sao) vo thi miu, thy g cng hi.

Khng t hay c bo: Nh vy l l y.

Ch thch. V thi miu th Chu cng L, m hi tng cht cho bit k, l thi knh
cn, l l. Khng xu h hi ngi, cng l l (khim tn) na.

III.16

T vit: X bt ch b, v lc bt ng khoa, c chi o d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bn (ct trng ch) khng ct xuyn qua tm da, v sc khng u nhau
(ngha l khng phi sc), o xa nh vy.

III.17

T Cng dc kh Co (thi xa c l cc) sc chi khi (c ngi c l h) dng. T vit: T

d, nh i k dng, ng i k l.

Dch. T Cng mun b vic dng cu trong l Co sc. Khng t bo: T, anh tic con cu,
ta tic cuc l.

Ch thch. i Chu, vo thu hay ng mi nm, thin t ban lch nm sau cho ch hu, vua
ch hu ct vo trong t miu, nm sau mi m ra coi; c ngy sc (mng mt) mi thng git
mt con cu cng t tin. L l l Co sc.

L xong ri, vua mi hp triu. Vua L b l t lu, khng ti t miu lm l m c khi

ngy mng mt cng khng hp triu na; nhng ngi ta vn git mt con cu dng t
miu. T Cng mun b hnh thc i, Khng t mun gi li ngi ta ng qun l.

III.18

T vit: S qun tn l, nhn d vi sim d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Th vua ht l th ngi ta cho l nnh.

Ch thch. Khng t than v thi i thi coi vua khng ra g.

III.19

nh cng vn: Qun s thn, thn s qun, nh chi h? Khng t i vit: Qun s thn d l,
thn s qun d trung.

Dch. (Vua L l) nh cng hi: Vua khin b ti, b ti th vua, phi nh th no?. Khng
t p: Vua khin b ti phi gi l, b ti th vua phi trung (ht lng).

III.20

T vit: Th cu lc nhi bt dm, ai nhi bt thng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Thin Th cu trong Kinh Thi, vui m khng qu mc, bun m khng
thng tn (Ngha l vui bun u trng tit, va phi).

Ch thch. Ch dm y c ngi hiu l dm ng nh ngy nay; thi xa, h qu mc th

u gi l dm.

Thin Th cu u Kinh Thi vinh mt ngi qun t tm mt ngi thc n ci, tm cha
c th c mong, khng ng c; tm c ri th hng cnh cm st ho hp.

III.21

Ai cng vn x T Ng. T Ng i vit: H hu th d tng, n nhn d b, Chu nhn d lt,

vit: s dn chin lt.

T vn chi, vit: Thnh s bt thuyt, toi s bt gin, k vng bt cu.

Dch. (Vua L) Ai cng hi T Ng v vic lp n x. T Ng p: Nh H trng cy tng

n x, nh n trng cy b, nh Chu trng cy lt, l c khin dn phi s hi.

Ch thch. T Ng, tn D, hc tr Khng t.

III.22

T vit: Qun Trng chi kh tiu tai!

Hoc vit: Qun Trng kim h? - Vit: Qun th hu tam qui, quan s bt nhip, yn c
kim?

- Nhin tc Qun Trng tri l h? - Vit: Bang qun th tc mn, Qun th dic th tc mn.
Bang qun vi lng qun chi hiu hu phn im; Qun th dic hu phn im. Qun th nhi tri
l, thc bt tri l?

Dch. Khng t ni: Kh lng ca Qun Trng nh nhen thay! C ngi hi: Qun Trng
tit kin khng? Khng t p: H Qun thu thu tam qui khng cho gia thn no kim
nhip nhiu vic, sao gi l tit kim c?

- Th Qun Trng c bit l khng? p: Vua T dng bnh phong che ca, Qun Trng
cng dng bnh phong che ca: vua T khi khon i hai vua nc ngoi, dng ci phn im.
Qun Trng m bit l th ai m khng bit l?.

III.23

T ng L thi s nhc vit: Nhc k kh tri d: thy tc, hp nh d, tng chi, thun nh d,
kiu nh d, dch nh d, d thnh.

Dch. Khng t ni v nhc l vi nhc quan nc L: C th bit c php tu nhc: mi

u, cc m thanh phn khi nhit lit; ri ti khc phng th cc m thanh thun nhin iu
ho, r rng, li lin tc nhau, nh vy l thnh khc nhc.

III.24

Nghi phong nhn thnh kin, vit: Qun t chi ch t d, ng v thng bt c kin d. Tng
gi kin chi.

Xut vit: Nh tam t h hon tng h? Thin h chi v o d cu h, thin tng d phu t vi
mc c.

Dch. Vin quan phong nhn (gi bin cng) p Nghi (ca V) xin c yt kin Khng t,
bo: Bc qun t (tc c o c) no ti y, khng c ai m ti khng c yt kin. Hc
tr theo hu Khng t thng bo vi thy ri dt v.

Vin quan , (yt kin ri) ra bo: My thy ng lo phu t mt chc. Thin h v o (tc
lon) lu ri, Tri s dng phu t lm ci m g ( tuyn dng gio ho).

III.25

T v Thiu: Tn m h, hu tn thin d, v V: Tn m h, v tn thin d.

Dch. Khng t khen nhc Thiu: Cc hay li cc tt lnh, khen nhc V: Cc hay, nhng
cha cc tt lnh.

Ch thch. Thiu l nhc ca vua Thun, V l nhc ca V vng nh Chu. Thun ni vua
Nghiu, lm cho thin h thnh tr; V vng dit Tr cu dn, cng hai ng ngang nhau;
nhng Thun c Nghiu truyn ngi, V phi nh dp thin h mi c ngi. Khng t cho
nh vy l c ca V khng bng ca Thun. M l hay v thanh iu; thin l xt v ni dung.
Bi ny t rng Khng t khng a dng v lc, khng a cch mng, d l chnh ng. ng
thch truyn ngi cho ngi hin hn l cho con.

III.26

T vit: C thng bt khoan, vi l bt knh, lm tang bt ai, ng h d quan chi tai.

Dch. Khng t ni: bc trn m khng khoan hng, lm l m khng nghim tc, gp vic
tang m khng bi thng, hng ngi nh vy cn c g cho ta xt na?.
-----------------
Lm Phng: Theo li ch gii trn trang th Lm Phng () l ngi nc L thi Xun
Thu, hc tr ca Khng t. (Goldfish).

V: Nguyn vn ch Hn l , y c l v v c ngha nh ch (v). (Goldfish).

Nh: Nguyn vn ch Hn l (xem ch thch trong bi II.19 trn). (Goldfish).

Thng: Thng l tn ca T H, Khng t gi hc tr bng tn (tng t nh trong bi I.15:

Khng t gi T Cng l T; trong bi II.17: gi T L l Do). (Goldfish).

Hai cu ny trong thin Thc nhn, V phong.

Cu cui cng ny khng bit u.

Chng ti thm ch nhn l theo trong bi III.3.

Cu ny l li mn sinh chp thi ca Khng t khi t, ch khng phi l li ca Khng t.

Lm Ng ng hiu l nu ta khng ch ht vo.

on sau y l do ti chp thm: T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit: Thc v Tru
nhn chi t tri l h, nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Nguyn vn ch Hn:
(Ch
y c l thi v c ngha nh ch . (Goldfish).

Th cu: Nhiu bn trn mng chp l Quan th (). C ngi gi thin bt u bng cu:
Quan quan th cu () l thin Quan th. (Goldfish).

on ny, ebook ngun khng c li dch. (Goldfish).

n x th thn t, bn n trng mt th cy no hp vi kh hu, a cht, v vy mi

thi trng mt loi cy. (Cng c thuyt cho rng bi v th thn mi thi lm bng mt th g
c bit: g tng, bch hay lt).

Nh Chu trng cy lt, ch lt ny vi ch lt l run s c nh nhau, dng thay nhau c.

T Ng nhn , ging by nh trn, khin Ai cng ho ra hiu st.
Khng t ch T Ng ni by, nhng vic qua ri, khng trch na, v c khuyn T Ng
ln sau phi thn trng trong li ni.

Qun Trng, tn Di Ng, lm tng quc T Hon cng thi Xun Thu, c ti, lm cho T
thnh mt nc giu mnh, b ch ch hu. Khng t ch Qun Trng khng c hoi bo vin
i, ch thc hnh c b o thi.
Tam qui: c rt nhiu thuyt, u kh tin. Cc sch thng ging l i tam qui, ct i c tc
l giu lm, xa x lm. Triu Thng cho tam qui l thu ch. Thu ch t trc u np v kho
nh nc. T Hon cng t khi lm b, thng cng Qun Trng, cho thu thu ch, cho nn
Qun Trng giu lm, ho xa x. Chng ti tm theo thuyt y.

Phn im: ci k p bng t, khi cc ch hu ung ru xong, t chn ln . Thi ch

c vua ch hu mi dng tc mn (bnh phong che ca) v phn im. Qun Trng dng hai
ci l tim v, tri l, v vy m Khng t ch l khng bit l, kh lng nh nhen.

Thi: nguyn vn: ch Hn l . (xem ch thch trong bi III.16 trn).

THIN IV

L NHN
IV.1

T vit: L nhn vi m. Trch bt x nhn, yn c tr?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Lng no c c nhn, l ni y tt. Chn ch m khng la chn ni

c c nhn, th sao gi l sng sut c.

IV.2

T vit: Bt nhn gi, bt kh d cu x c, bt kh d trng x lc. Nhn gi an nhn, tr gi

li nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi khng c c nhn th khng th lu trong cnh khn cng,
cng khng th lu trong cnh hoan lc. Ngi c c nhn vui lng lm iu nhn, ngi
thng minh sng sut bit rng c nhn c li cho mnh v cho ngi nn lm iu nhn.

Ch thch. Ch an nhn v ch li nhn y, ngha cng nh an nhi hnh chi, li nhi hnh
chi trong sch Trung dung.

IV.3

T vit: Duy nhn gi nng hiu nhn, nng nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ch c ngi c nhn mi bit yu ngi, ght ngi (mt cch cng
tm, chnh ng).

IV.4

T vit: Cu ch nhn h, v c d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nu quyt ch thc hnh c nhn th khng lm iu c.

 IV.5

T vit: Ph d qu, th nhn chi s dc d, bt d k o c chi, bt x d. Bn d tin, th

nhn chi s d, bt d k o c chi, bt kh d. Qun t kh nhn, h thnh danh? Qun t,
v chung thc chi gian vi nhn, tho th tt th, in bi tt th.

Dch. Khng t ni: Giu v sang, ngi ta ai cng mun, nhng chng phi o m c
giu sang th ngi qun t chng thm. Ngho v hn, ngi ta ai cng ght, nhng chng li
o m phi ngho th ngi qun t chng b.

- Ngi qun t m b c nhn th lm sao c gi l qun t?

- Ngi qun t d trong ba n (mt thi gian ngn) cng khng lm tri iu nhn, d trong
lc v vng cng theo iu nhn.

IV.6

T vit: Ng v kin hiu nhn gi, bt nhn gi. Hiu nhn gi, v d thng chi; bt nhn
gi, k vi nhn h, bt s bt nhn gi gia h k thn. Hu nng nht nht dng k lc nhn h?
Ng v kin lc bt tc gi. Ci hu chi h, ng v chi kin d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cha thy ai tht ham iu nhn v ai tht ght iu bt nhn, Ngi
tht ham iu nhn th khng cho iu g hn iu nhn; ngi tht ght iu bt nhn th khi
lm iu nhn khng cho iu bt nhn vng vo mnh. C ai trn ngy tn lc lm iu
nhn chng? Ta cha thy ai khng sc lm iu nhn c. Hoc c chng m ta cha thy.

IV.7

T vit: Nhn chi qu d, cc k ng. Quan qu, t tri nhn h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Li ca mt ngi thuc v tng loi. Xt mt ngi phm nhng li
no, c th bit ngi c c nhn hay khng.

Ch thch. Th d: ngi c c nhn, thng mc li qu hu, qu thng ngi; ngi thiu

c nhn thng ngc li, qu bc, qu tn nhn.

C ngi cho rng ch nhn [] trong t tri nhn h nn sa l [] (ngi) v ging l: bit
c hng ngi no, nh vy d hiu hn, nhng ngha tm thng.

IV.8

T vit: Triu vn o, tch t kh h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Sng c nghe o l, ti cht cng c (khng hn).

IV.9
T vit: S ch o nhi s c y c thc gi, v tc d ngh d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi no ch vo o m thn v ci n ci mc th cha th em

o bn c.

IV.10

T vit: Qun t chi thin h d, v thch (c sch c l ch) d, v mc d, ngha chi d

t.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cch x s ca ngi qun t khng nht nh phi nh vy mi c,

khng nht nh nh kia l khng c, c hp ngha th lm.

Ch thch. Thi l v kh, v bt kh.

IV.11

T vit: Qun t hoi c, tiu nhn hoi th, qun t hoi hnh, tiu nhn hoi hu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ngh lm sao cho o c tng tin, k tiu nhn ngh lm
sao cho i sng c yn n; ngi qun t ngh lm sao khi tri vi php nc, k tiu nhn
ngh lm sao c n hu ngi khc.

IV.12

T vit: Phng li nhi hnh, a on.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hng ng m theo li th gy nhiu on (Ngi on mnh m mnh

cng on ngi).

IV.13

T vit: Nng d l nhng vi quc h h hu? Bt nng d l nhng vi quc, nh l h?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bit dng l nhng tr nc th c kh g u? Nu khng dng l

nhng tr nc th d c l ch tt cng nh khng?.

IV.14

T vit: Bt hon v v, hon s d lp. Bt hon mc k tri, cu vi kh tri d.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng lo khng c chc v, ch lo khng ti c nhn chc v.

ng lo khng ai bit mnh, ch mong sao mnh c ti c cho ngi ta bit n.

IV.15
T vit: Sm h! Ng o nht d qun chi. Tng t vit: Duy. T xut, mn nhn vn vit:
H v d? Tng t vit: Phu t chi o, trung th nhi d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Sm ny! o ca ta ch c mt l m thng sut c. Tng t tha:

D.

Khng t ra ri, cc mn sinh khc hi Tng t: Thy mun ni g vy? Tng t p: o

ca thy ch c trung, th m thi.

IV.16

T vit: Qun t d ngha, tiu nhn d li.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hiu r v ngha, k tiu nhn hiu r v li.

Ch thch. Hiu r ngha l thch ngha. Hiu r li nn thch li. C sch bn thm: V tiu
nhn hiu r v li, thch li, cho nn ngi qun t (tr dn) ring v mnh th khng nn ni v
li, nhng phi xt ci li ca tiu nhn (dn) m lm li cho h.

IV.17

T vit: Kin hin, t t yn; kin bt hin nhi ni t tnh d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Thy ngi hin th mong lm sao bng ngi; thy ngi bt hin th
phi t xt mnh (c mc tt ca ngi khng).

IV.18

T vit: S ph mu ki gin, kin ch bt tng, hu knh bt vi; lao nhi bt on.

Dch. Khng t ni: Th cha m, nn nh nh khuyn can, nu thy cha m khng theo
mnh th vn cung knh m khng xc phm cha m; tuy kh nhc, lo bun, nhng khng c
on hn.

IV.19

T vit: Ph mu ti, bt vin du. Du tt hu phng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cha m cn th con khng nn i chi xa. Nu i th phi c ni nht
nh.

IV.20

T vit: Tam nin v ci ph chi o, kh v hiu h. (Bi ny trng vi na di bi I.11,

nn khng dch li).
 IV.21

T vit: Ph mu chi nin, bt kh bt tri d: nht tc d h, nht tc d c.

Dch. Khng t ni: Tui ca cha m, khng th khng bit: mt l mng (v cha m sng
lu), mt l lo (v cha m gi yu).

IV.22

T vit: C gi ngn chi bt xut, s cung chi bt i d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi xa thn trng li ni, s s xu h nu ni m lm khng c.

IV.23

T vit: D c tht chi gi tin h.

Dch. Khng t ni: t c ngi bit t tit ch m phm li.

Ch thch. C th hiu l: Ngi no bit t ch (khng phng tng) th t khi phm ti.

IV.24

T vit: Qun t nt ngn, nhi mn hnh.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t chm chp (thn trng) v li ni, m mau mn v vic
lm.

IV.25

T vit: c bt c, tt hu ln.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi c c th khng c c, tt c ngi ng o kt bn vi mnh

nh u th c lng ging .

IV.26

T Du vit: S qun sc, t nhc h; bng hu sc, t s h.

Dch. T Du ni: Th vua m can gin nhiu ln qu th s b nhc, chi bn m can gin
nhiu ln qu th bn s xa mnh.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu sc l thn mt qu; v bi ny nh trong cu: Qun t chi

giao m nh thu: ngi qun t lnh nht nh nc l trong s giao thip, khng v vp qu.

Li c ngi hiu sc l khoe cng lao (!)

-------------------
Bt d k o c ch c th hiu l khng ng c m c, khng ng b m b.
C sch chm cu: bt d k o, c chi bt x d bt d k o, c chi bt x d, ngha
i khi cng nh vy.

Tiu nhn hoi th (): C l c Nguyn Hin L cho ch th, tng t vi cch gii
thch trn trang , c ngha l an dt chi x . C ngi hiu th l a li, cng
c ngi hiu th l hng th. (Goldfish).

Trung l lm ht sc mnh; th l suy lng mnh m bit lng ngi, mnh khng mun iu g
th ngi cng khng mun iu .
[Trong cun Khng t, c Nguyn Hin L bo: nhn [tc c nhn] c hai phn: tch cc v
tiu cc. Tch cc l k dc lp nhi nhp nhn, k dc t nhi t nhn ( l c trung, yu
ngi, ht lng vi ngi); tiu cc l k s bt dc vt thi nhn (y l c th. Ch th
gm ch nh trn, ch tm di [tc ], ngha l suy lng mnh m bit c lng ngi,
mnh mun ci g th ngi cng mun ci , vy nn lm cho ngi nhng ci m mnh mun
v ng lm cho ngi nhng i m mnh khng mun). Nhn l trung, th, tc l o i vi
ngi, nhng ng thi cng l o i vi mnh na: k dc lp, k dc t; mnh phi mun lp
thn, thnh cng th mi c th gip ngi lp thn, thnh cng c. Nhn va l tu thn va l
i nhn, va l x k va l tip vt. (Goldfish)].

THIN V

CNG D TRNG
V.1

T v Cng D Trng: Kh th d. Tuy ti luy tit chi trung, phi k ti d. D k t th chi.

T v Nam Dung: Bang hu o bt ph; bang v o min hnh lc. D k huynh chi t th
chi.

Dch. Khng t khen Cng D Trng: C th g con gi cho tr y. Tuy b t, nhng khng
phi ti ca n. Ri em con gi g cho.

Khng t khen Nam Dung: Nc c o (chnh tr tt) tr y tt c dng; nc m v o

(chnh tr xu, hn m) th khng b hnh pht. Ri em con gi ca anh g cho.

V.2

T v T Tin: Qun t ti nhc nhn; L v qun t gi, t yn th t?.

Dch. Khng t khen T Tin: Qun t thay T Tin! Nc L m khng c ngi qun t th
tr y lm sao c c phm cch nh vy.
 V.3

T Cng vn vit: T d h nh? T vit: Nh, kh d. Vit: H kh d? Vit: H lin

d.

Dch. T Cng hi: Cn T (tn T Cng) con nh th no?

Khng t p: Anh nh mt dng.

Li hi: Th dng no?

p: Nh ci h lin (Mt th lin p, qu dng ng xi cng).

Ch thch. Thy Khng t khen T Tin, T Cng cng mun c thy khen nn hi nh
vy, Khng t p: Nh mt dng, ni T Cng ch dng vo c mt vic, cha c
vo hng a ti. (kh coi II.12). T Cng chc hi tht vng li hi na. Khng t an i: Tuy l
mt dng nhng l mt dng qu.

V.4

Hoc vit: Ung d nhn nhi bt nnh. T vit: Yn dng nnh? Ng nhn d khu cp, l tng
nhn. Bt tri k nhn, yn dng nnh?

Dch. C ngi bo vi Khng t: Thy Ung l ngi nhn nhng khng c ti n ni.
Khng t p: Cn g phi dng ti n ni? Ung i vi ngi, m kho bin lun, thng b
ngi ta bit thi. Ta khng bit anh y c c nhn khng, nhng cn g phi dng ti n ni.

V.5

T s Tt iu Khai s. i vit: Ng t chi v nng tn. T duyt.

Dch. Khng t bo Tt iu Khai ra lm quan. Tt iu Khai p: Con cha tin mnh c

th lm quan c. Khng t vui lng.

V.6

T vit: o bt hnh, tha phu ph hi, tng ng gi, k Do d? T L vn chi h. T vit:

Do d, hiu dng qu ng, v s th ti.

Dch. Khng t ni: o ca ta khng thi hnh c, ta s ci b vt bin (i nc ngoi,

c th tr Triu Tin) ngi theo ta c l l anh Do chng? T L nghe vy mng. Khng t ni
tip: Anh Do hiu Dng hn ta, nhng ta cha c ti liu (g) lm b.

Ch thch. Ch ti (l ti liu), c nh ngh ch ti ngha l tit ch, chn la, (ch T L hiu
dng nhng khng sng sut) hoc l: khng bit xt on, khng hiu rng Khng t ch mun
ni a, ch u c b Trung Quc m i.
Li c nh bo ch ti chnh l tai v Khng t ch T L l hiu dng, nhng v dng. Cch
hiu sai. T L l mt hc tr gii, (coi bi di y), khng l g Khng t ch nh vy.

V.7

Mnh V B vn: T L nhn h?. T vit: Bt tri d. Hu vn. T vit: Do d, thin thng
chi quc kh s tr k ph; bt tri k nhn d.

- Cu d h nh?. T vit: Cu d, thin tht chi p, bch thng chi gia, kh s vi chi t d;
bt tri k nhn d?

- Xch d h nh? T vit: Xch d, thc i lp triu, kh s d tn khch ngn d; bt tri

k nhn d.

Dch. Mnh V B hi: Thy T L phi l ngi nhn khng. Khng t p: Khng
bit. Li hi na, Khng t bo: Anh Do c th iu khin qun i mt nc c ngn binh
xa; cn nhn hay khng th khng bit.

- Thy Cu l ngi th no? Khng t p: Anh Cu c th lm quan t cai tr mt p c

ngn nh hoc mt thi p (ca mt qu tc) c trm binh xa; cn nhn hay khng th khng
bit.

- Thy Xch l ngi th no? Khng t p: Anh Xch c th tht ai (bn l phc) ng
triu nh tip i tn khch; cn nhn hay khng th khng bit.

V.8

T v T Cng vit: Nh d Hi d, thc d? i vit: T d h cm vng Hi, Hi d, vn

nht d tri thp, T d, vn nht d tri nh.

T vit: Pht nh d. Ng d nh pht nh d.

Dch. Khng t hi T Cng: Anh vi anh Hi, ai hn? T Cng p: T con u dm

c nh anh Hi. Anh y nghe mt bit mi, con nghe mt ch bit hai. Khng t bo:
Phi, anh khng bng. Ta ng vi anh rng anh khng bng anh Hi.

Ch thch. Cu cui Hn nho hiu l: ta vi anh u khng bng anh Hi v bo Khng t

mun an i T Cng ng bun. Nh vy th ch d l lin t ch khng phi ng t. Kh bit
c thuyt no l ng.

V.9

T D tr tm. T vit: H mc bt kh iu d, phn th chi tng bt kh d. d d h

tru?

T vit: Thy ng nhn d, thnh k ngn nhi tn k hnh; kim ng nhn d, thnh k ngn
nhi quan k hnh. D d ci th.

Dch. T D ng ngy, Khng t bo: G mc khng th chm khc c, vch bng t d

khng th trt c? i vi tr D, cn trch lm g?

Ri Khng t li ni: Mi u, i vi ngi, ta nghe li ni m tin vic lm, nay i vi ngi

ta nghe li ni m cn phi xem vic lm na. V tr D m ta thay i nh vy.

Ch thch. Khng t ch T D (T Ng) trong bi III.21.

V.10

T vit: Ng v kin cng gi. Hoc i vit: Thn Trnh. T vit: Trnh d dc, yn c
cng.

Dch. Khng t bo: Ta cha thy ngi no cng cng. C ngi ni: C Thn
Trnh. Khng t p: Thn Trnh nhiu th dc sao gi l cng cng c.

Ch thch. Ngi cng cng th t ch c m bt khut. Ngi th dc nhiu qu kh t

ch v bt khut c.

Thn Trnh l hc tr Khng t.

V.11

T Cng vit: Ng bt dc nhn chi gia ch ng d. Ng dic dc v gia ch nhn. T vit:

T d, Phi nh s cp d.

Dch. T Cng ni: iu g (xu) ti khng mun ngi ta lm cho ti th ti cng khng
mun lm cho mnh.

Khng t bo: T, anh khng c nh vy u.

Ch thch. Cu ca T Cng ngha y nh cu: K s bt dc, vt thi nhn. Theo c cu

y l c c nhn.

V.12

T Cng vit: Phu t chi vn chng, kh c nhi vn d, phu t chi ngn tnh d thin o, bt
kh c nhi vn d.

Dch. T Cng ni: Cng trnh nghin cu v vn ha (nh Thi, Th, L, Nhc) ca thy (tc
Khng t) th chng ta c nghe, cn quan nim v thin tnh v o tri ca thy th chng ta
khng c nghe.
Ch thch. Danh t vn chng thi khc vi thi nay, m tr nhng in tch c. C
ngi hiu: vn chng l o c, vn t.

V.13

T L hu vn, v chi nng hnh, duy khng hu vn.

Dch. T L nghe c iu g m cha kp thi hnh c th s c nghe thm iu khc.

Ch thch. Cu ny chc ca mn sinh nhn nh v T L.

V.14

T Cng vn vit: Khng Vn T h d v chi Vn d?

T vit: Mn nhi hiu hc, bt s h vn, th d v chi Vn d.

Dch. T Cng hi: ng Khng Vn t sao c t cho tn thu l Vn? Khng t p:

Thng minh m li hiu hc khng thn hi ngi km mnh, v vy c t tn thu l Vn.

V.15

T v T Sn: Hu qun t chi o t yn, k hnh k d cung, k s thng d knh, k dng

dn d hu, k s dn d ngha.

Dch. Khng t khen T Sn: ng y c bn iu hp vi o ngi qun t: gi mnh th

khim cung, th vua th knh cn, nui dn th c n hu, sai dn th hp tnh l (hp ngha).

V.16

T vit: n Bnh Trng thin d nhn giao, cu nhi knh chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: n Bnh Trng kho c x vi bn, lu ngy m vn tn knh bn.

V.17

T vit: Tang Vn Trng c thi, sn tit to chuyt, h nh k tr d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Tang Vn Trng lm nh cho con thi (mt con ra ln dng
bi), u ct khc hnh ni, x nh v rong ru, sao c gi l ngi tr (sng sut).

Ch thch. Ch thin t mi ct nh v dng nhng trang sc nh vy trong thi miu nui

ra thi, Tang Vn Trng l mt i phu m hnh ng nh thin t l tri l. Cn mt l na:
Tang xa hoa qu, li m tn, tng trng con thi nh vy th n s ph h cho mnh, qu l bt
tr.
Tang Vn T, h Tang Tn, tn Thn, l mt i phu nc L.

V.18

T Trng vn vit: Lnh don T Vn, tam s vi lnh don, v h sc; tam d chi, v un sc.
Cu lnh don chi chnh, tt d co tn lnh don. H nh?

T vit: Trung h. Vit: Nhn h h? Vit: V tri. Yn c nhn?

- Thi T th T qun, Trn Vn t hu m thp thng, kh nhi vi chi. Ch tha bang, tc vit:
Do ng i phu Thi t d - Vi chi. Chi nht bang, tc hu vit: Do ng i phu Thi t d
Vi chi - h nh.

T vit: Thanh h. Vit: Nhn h h?. Vit: V tri. Yn c nhn?.

Dch. T Trng hi: Quan lnh don (t tng nc S) T Vn ba ln lm lnh don m

khng mng, ba ln b bi chc m khng on hn, li em vic c bn giao cho quan lnh don
mi. Ngi nh th ra sao?

Khng t p: Trung thc y. Li hi: C phi l ngi nhn khng? p: Cha bit.
C g chc gi l ngi nhn.

- (T Trng hi thm): Thi t git vua T. Trn Vn t c mi c xe (mi c xe c bn

nga) b m i. n mt nc khc bo: Quan i phu chp chnh y cng khng hn quan
i phu Thi t nc ta, ri li b i. Ti mt nc khc, li bo: Quan i phu chp chnh
y cng khng hn quan i phu Thi t nc ta, ri li b i. Ngi nh th ra sao?

Khng t p: Trong sch y. Li hi: C phi l ngi nhn khng? p: Cha bit.
C g chc gi c l ngi nhn.

V.19

Qu Vn t tam t nhi hu hnh. T vn chi vit: Ti t kh h.

Dch. (Quan i phu nc L l) Qu Vn t (gp vic g cng) suy ngh ba ln ri mi hnh

ng. Khng t nghe c bo: Hai ln thi cng ri.

V.20

T vit: Ninh V t, bang hu o tc tr, bang v o tc ngu. K tr kh cp d, k ngu bt kh

cp d.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng Ninh V t (i phu nc V), khi nc c o (chnh tr tt) th t

ra l ngi tr; kho nc v o (chnh tr xu) th lm ra v ngu. Ci tr ca ng, ta theo kp,
ci ngu ca ng, ta khng theo kp.
 V.21

T ti Trn vit: Quy d, qui d? Ng ng chi tiu t cung gin, ph nhin thnh chng, bt
tri s d ti chi.

Dch. Khng t nc Trn bo: V thi, v thi! Mn sinh qu hng ta c tr ln nhng

khng thn trng (nng ni) c vn thi r rng, nhng khng khng bit t ch ti mnh.

Ch thch. Lc ny Khng t chn ngn v khng thi hnh c o trong thin h, m li gp

nhiu iu chng may, nn mun tr v L, ch bo, hng dn thanh nin theo o trung
chnh, sa li cung gin ca h.

V.22

T vit: B Di, Thc T bt nim cu c, on th dng hi.

Dch. Khng t ni: B Di v Thc T khng nh iu xu ca ngi, nn t on ai.

Ch thch. B Di v Thc T u l con vua C Trc, khng chu nhn ngi vua, b i n;
sau gip vua Vn vng lm ngi c c. Nhng khi V vng (con Vn vng) em qun
ng Tr nh Thng, hai ng khng can c, vo n trong ni Th Dng, chu cht i.
Coi truyn trong b S K ca T M Thin.

On th dng hi cc ngi hiu l: t ngi on hai ng y. Nhng bi VII.14 Khng t c ni:

cu nhn c nhn, hu h on? (hai ng y) cu nhn th c nhn, cn on ci g? V
vy chng ti dch l nn t on ai, ch khng dch l t b ngi ta on.

V.23

T vit: Thc v Vi Sinh Cao trc? Hoc kht yn, kht ch k ln nhi d chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ai bo Vi Sinh Cao l ngay thng? C ngi n xin dm, ng xin ca
hng xm m cho

V.24

T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tc cung, T Khu Minh s chi, Khu dic s chi. Nc on nhi hu
k nhn,T Khu Minh s chi, Khu dic s chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ni nng kho lo, nt mt gi b nim n, thi qu cung knh, ng
T Khu Minh ly vy lm xu h, Khu ny cng lu vy lm xu h. Giu lng on m b
ngoi lm b thn thin vi ngi, ng T Khu Minh ly vy lm xu h, Khu ny cng lu
vy lm xu h.

V.25

Nhan Uyn, Qu L th. T vit: Hp cc ngn nh ch?

T L vit: Nguyn xa m, y khinh cu, d bng hu cng, t chi nhi v hm.

Nhan Uyn vit: Nguyn v pht thin, v thi lao.

T L vit: Nguyn vn t chi ch.

T vit: Lo gi an chi, bng hu tn chi, thiu gi hoi chi.

Dch. Nhan Uyn v Qu L theo hu. Khng t bo: Sao khng k ch hng ca cc anh
cho ta nghe?

T L tha: Con mong c xe, nga, o lng cu nh cc bn cng hng, d c h nt, con
cng khng hn.

Nhan Uyn tha: Con khng mun khoe iu hay, k cng lao ca con.

T L tha: Xin thy cho chng con bit ch thy.

Khng t p: Ta mun cc ngi gi c an vui, cc bn b tin ln nhau, cc tr em c

sn sc v v (nh vy l mun truyn o, ci to x hi).

Hoc: Ta mun cc ngi gi yn lng ni ta, cc bn b tin cy ni ta, cc ngi tr c an

i ni ta (nh vy l mun mnh gi c o hiu thun vi ngi gi, o thnh tn vi bn,
thi n vi ngi tr).

V.26

T vit: D h h, ng v kin nng, kin k qu nhi ni t tng gi d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ht ri (hoc qu ri), ta cha thy ngi no thy li ca mnh m t
trch mnh c.

V.27

T vit: Thp tht chi p, tt hu trung tn nh khu gi yn, bt nh Khu chi hiu hc d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Trong mt p mi nh, tt c ngi trung tn nh Khu, nhng khng
c ai ham hc nh Khu ny.

-------------------
Nam Dung (S k ca T M Thin chp l Nam Cung Qut, h Nam Cung, t l T Dung) l
hc tr Khng t. Coi thm bi XI.5.

Cng D Trng, h Cng D, tn Trng, t l T Trng, ngi T, hc tr Khng t.

T Tin, h Mt, tn l Bt T, t l T Tin, hc tr Khng t.

Ung l tn, Nhim l h, t l Trng Cung, hc tr Khng t.

Bn Hn tng ng vi bn ch ti, ti, ti v tai trn c l l: , , v

(theo ). (Goldfish).

Ph chnh ngha l thu rung nui binh, ri sau dng ch binh lnh.

Mnh V B chnh l Mnh V B trong bi II.6. (Goldfish).

Xch l tn, Cng Ty l h, T Hoa l t; cng gi l Cng Ty Hoa, ngi L, hc tr Khng

t c v uy nghi.

Cu ny trong bi XII.2 sau. (Goldfish).

Khng Vn t l mt i phu nc V, tn Ng, Vn l tn thu, tc tn t cho ngi cht,

theo hnh vi ca ngi lc cn sng.

T Sn tn l Cng Tn Kiu, mt i phu c ti c ca nc Trnh (sinh trc Khng t t

nm), cm quyn nc Trnh 22 nm.

n Bnh Trng, h n, tn Anh, t l Trng, tn thu l Bnh, lm mt i phu c ti c ca

nc T.
C ngi bo ch chi [] cui bi tr n Bnh Trng: lu ngy m vn c bn knh n.
Thuyt t ngi theo.

Thi t tn l Tr, i phu nc T, git T Trang cng. Trn Vn t tn l Tu V cng lm i

phu nc T.

Phng Hu Lan trong Trung Quc trit hc s c ch tri [] l tr v ging Trn Vn t, cha
l ngi tr (sao c l ngi nhn).

Vi Sinh Cao l ngi nc L. Dm l vt thng dng, c th cho, khng c th thi, h tt

phi xin ca ngi khc cho, nh vy khng t nhin, cu c ting tt, nn Khng t ch.
C ngi cho rng chnh l Vi Sinh Cao, con ngi trng ch tn n ni hn vi mt ngi con
gi di cu, ngi khng ti, nc thu triu dng ln, Vi c m cht ct cu m chu
cht! Thuyt e khng ng.

T Khu Minh lm quan Thi s (chp s) nc L. S k ca T M Thin cho ng l tc gi

b T truyn v Quc ng, thuyt cha ng tin, v theo nay th T Khu Minh hoc sinh
trc hoc ng thi vi Khng t, m T truyn vit thi Chin Quc, sau khi Khng t mt.

Lm Ng ng hiu l: ta mun ngi tr yu ngi ln (?).

THIN VI
 UNG D

VI.1

T vit : Ung d kh s nam din.

Trng Cung vn T Tang B t. T vit: Kh d, gin.

Trng Cung vit: C knh nhi hnh gin, d lm k dn, bt dic kh h? C gin nhi hnh gin,
v ni i gin h. T vit: Ung chi ngn nhin.

Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Cung c th lm vua c.

Trng Cung (tc Nhim Ung) hi T Tang B t ra sao. Khng t p: Cng c (hoc cng
kh), gin d. Trng Cung bo: T mnh th cung knh, m gin d trong vic tr dn, chng
phi l gin d trong vic tr dn, chng l tt ? Nu t mnh th gin d (xu xo) m gin d
trong vic tr dn, chng phi l gin d thi qu sao? Khng t bo: Anh Ung ni phi .

VI.2

Ai Cng vn: t thc vi hiu hc? Khng t i vit: Hu Nhan Hi gi hiu hc, bt
thin n, bt nh qu; bt hnh on mnh t h, kim d tc v, v vn hiu hc gi d.

Dch. Vua L Ai cng hi: Hc tr ca thy, ai l ngi hiu hc? Khng t p: C Nhan
Hi l ngi hiu hc, khng gin ly, khng phm mt li no ti hai ln; chng may mt
sm ri, nay khng c ngi no nh vy na, ti khng nghe ni c ai hiu hc c.

Ch thch. Chng ta : hiu hc theo Khng t l ham sa mnh, hc o.

VI.3

T Hoa s T, Nhim t vi k mu thnh tc.

T vit: D chi ph. Thnh ch. Vit: D chi du. Nhim t d chi tc ng bnh. T vit:
Xch chi thch T d, tha ph m, y khinh cu. Ng vn chi d: Qun t chu cp bt k ph.

Nguyn T vi chi t. D chi tc cu bch. T. T vit: V! D d nh ln l, hng ng h?

Dch. T Hoa i s nc T, Nhim Hu xin cp la cho m T Hoa. Khng t bo: Cp cho

mt ph (6 u 4 thng). Nhim Hu xin thm, Khng t bo: Cho mt du (16 u). Nhim
t cp cho mt bnh (16 hc, mi hc l 10 u). Khng t bo: Anh Xch i sang T, ci
nga mp, mc o cu nh ( ni giu sang). Ta nghe ni: Ngi qun t chu cp cho k ngho
ch khng lm giu thm cho ngi giu.

Nguyn T lm quan T. Khng t pht cho chn trm (hc hay u, khng r). Nguyn T t
chi. Khng t ni: ng! Sao khng em la cp cho nhng ngi ngho trong lng xm,
lng ging?.

VI.4

T v Trng Cung vit: L ngu chi t, tuynh (hoc tinh) th gic, tuy dc vt dng, sn xuyn
k x ch?

Dch. Khng t ni v Trng Cung: Con ca con b lang lng m sng ngay ngn; d
ngi ta khng mun dng n lm vt cng t (v ch n l con ca b lang) nhng thn ni
sng u c b n (m khng hng).

VI.5

T vit: Hi d, k tm tam nguyt bt vi nhn, k d tc nht nguyt ch yn nhi d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Hi (Nhan Uyn), lng ba thng khng la o nhn, cn cc anh
khc, mt ngy, mt thng l cng.

VI.6

Qu Khang t vn: Trng Do kh s tng chnh d d? T vit: Do d qu, tng chnh h

h hu? Vit: T d, kh s tng chnh d d? Vit: T d t, tng chnh h h hu?.
Vit: Cu d, kh s tng chnh d d?. Vit: Cu d ngh, tng chnh h h hu?.

Dch. Qu Khang t hi: Thy Trng Do (T L) c th tng s chnh tr (tc lm quan i

phu) c khng? Khng t p: Trng Do l ngi quyt on, tng s chnh tr c g m
khng c?. Hi: Thy T (T Cng) c th tng s chnh tr c khng?. Khng t p:
T thng hiu s l, tng s chnh tr c g m khng c?. Hi: Thy Cu (Nhim Hu) c
th tng s chnh tr c khng?. p: Cu ti ngh, tng s chnh tr c g m khng
c?.

VI.7

Qu Th s Mn T Khin vi Ph (hoc B) t. Mn T Khin vit: Thin vi ng t yn. Nh

hu phc ng gi, tc ng tt ti Vn thng h.

Dch. H Qu sai Mn T Khin lm quan t t Ph. Mn T Khin ni vi s gi: ng kho

t chi dm cho ti. Nu triu ti ln na th ti s ln b phi Bc sng Vn (tc trn qua
T).

VI.8

B Ngu hu tt, T vn chi, t d chp k th, vit: V chi, mnh h ph? T nhn d nhi hu
t tt d!.
Dch. B Ngu au, Khng t li thm, ng ngoi ca s, nm tay B Ngu, bo: V l! Do
mnh tri chng? Con ngi nh vy m b bnh !.

VI.9

T vit: Hin tai, Hi d! Nht an t, nht biu m, ti lu hng, nhn bt kham k u. Hi d

bt ci k lc. Hin tai, Hi d!.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hin thay, anh Hi. Mt gi cm, mt bu nc, trong ng hm, ngi
khc u su khng chu ni cnh khn kh . Anh Hi th khng i nim vui. Hin thay, anh
Hi!.

VI.10

Nhim Cu vit: Phi bt duyt t chi o, lc bt tc d. T vit: Lc bt tc gi, trung o

nhi ph, kim nh hoch.

Dch. Nhim Cu tha: Khng phi con khng thch o ca thy, ch ti sc con khng
(khng theo kp). Khng t bo: Nu sc khng th na ng b d; cn anh th t vch
gii hn khng tin na.

VI.11

T v T H vit: Nh vi qun t nho, v vi tiu nhn nho.

Dch. Khng t bo T H: Anh nn lm nh nho qun t, khng nn lm nh nho tiu

nhn.

Ch thch. Theo sch Thuyt vn th nho c trc Khng t t lu v mi u tr cc

thut s, ti thi Khng t tr i, mi tr nhng ngi tr thc chun b ra lm quan; t sau
Khng t tr i, mi tr nhng ngi theo o Khng. Khng t khuyn T H ng nn lm
mt nh nho (ngi tr thc) ch c ti ngh m thi, m nn lm mt nh nho qun t, c o
c: T H gii v vn hc, Khng t mun cho T H c c o c cao na.

VI.12

T Du vi V Thnh t. T vit: Nh c nhn yn nh h? Vit: Hu am i Dit Minh gi,

hnh bt do knh, phi cng s, v thng ch Yn chi tht d.

Dch. T Du lm chc t p V Thnh. (t cng nh trng, cm u mt c quan hay cai tr

mt ni). Khng t hi: Anh tm c ngi no tt cha. T Du p: C am i Dit
Minh; ngi y khng theo ng tt, khng v vic cng th khng n nh Yn con.

VI.13

T vit: Mnh Chi Phn bt pht. Bn nhi in, tng nhp mn, sch k m, vit: Phi cm
hu d, m bt tin d.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng Mnh Ch Phn khng khoe cng. Khi thua chy, ng li sau
qun. Lc sp vo thnh, ng qut con nga, bo: Khng phi ti dm li sau, ch v con
nga khng chy mau c.

VI.14

T vit: Bt hu Chc chi nnh nhi hu Tng triu chi m, nan h min kim chi th h

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng c ti kho ni (nnh nt) ca Chc m c dung nhan p
ca cng t Triu nc Tng th kh trnh c ho thi ny.

VI.15

T vit: Thy nng xut bt do h? H mc do t o d?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ai ra khi nh m khng qua ca? Th th ti sao khng theo chnh
o?.

Ch thch. Ai ra khi nh cng do ca, ngha l do ng chnh, (ch khng tro tng chng
hn), vy m trong vic c x lp thn th ngi ta li khng theo chnh o, m theo li tt.

VI.16

T vit: Cht thng vn tc d; vn thng cht tc s; vn cht bn bn, nhin hu qun t.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cht phc thng vn nh th l ngi nh qu ma, vn nh thng cht
phc th l ngi chp s (gi vic vn th), vn v cht u nhau mi l ngi qun t.

VI.17

T vit: Nhn chi sinh d trc, vng chi sinh d hnh nhi min.

Dch. Khng t ni: L sng l phi ngay thng, chng ngay thng m sng th may mn khi
cht y thi.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu: Bn tnh con ngi l ngay thng

VI.18

T vit: Tri chi gi bt nh hiu chi gi; hiu chi gi bt nh lc chi gi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bit (o l) khng bng thch n; thch n khng bng vui lm theo n
(hoc coi n l mt th vui).
 VI.19

T vit: Trung nhn d thng kh d ng thng d; trung nhn d h bt kh d ng thng

d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi c t cht t bc trung tr ln th c th ging o l cao xa cho

c, t bc trung tr xung, khng th ging o l cao xa cho c

VI.20

Phn Tr vn tr. T vit: V nhn chi ngha, knh qu thn nhi vin chi, kh v tr h. Vn nhn.
Vit: Nhn gi tin nan nhi hu hoch, kh v nhn h.

Dch. Phn Tr hi th no l tr (sng sut). Khng t p: Chuyn tm lm vic ngha gip

ngi, knh trng qu thn nhng trnh xa, nh vy c th gi l tr. Li hi th no l nhn.
p: Ngi c c nhn phi chu kh nhc lm lng ri sau mi lm c kt qu, nh
vy c th gi l c nhn.

VI.21

T vit: Tr gi nho thy, nhn gi nho sn. Tr gi ng, nhn gi tnh. Tr gi lc, nhn gi
th.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi tr thch nc, ngi nhn thch ni. Ngi tr th hot ng,
ngi nhn th trm tnh, ngi tr vui sng, ngi nhn sng lu.

VI.22

T vit: T nht bin, ch L, L nht bin ch o.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nc T m thay i (chnh tr v gio ho) mt bc th n trnh

nc L; nc L thay i mt bc th t c o (ca tin vng t c vng o).

Ch thch. T theo b o, t thi T Hon cng, gp v mu li, tuy cng nhng gio ho
km ri; L tuy nhc, nhng cn trng l gio, trng tn ngha; nu thay i mt bc th s tht
tt.

VI.23

T vit: C bt c, c tai! C tai.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ci c m khng c cnh gc th sao gi l ci c! Sao gi l ci c!.

VI.24

T Ng vn vit: Nhn gi, tuy co chi vit: Tnh hu nhn yn, k tng chi d? T vit: H
vi k nhin d? Qun t kh th d, bt kh hm d, kh thi d, bt kh vng d.

Dch. T Ng hi: Ngi c c nhn nghe bo: C ngi t xung ging th c nhy
xung vt m cht theo khng? Khng t p: Sao li lm nh vy? Ngi qun t c th li
ging xem (ri tm cch cu) ch khng th cho ngi ta hm hi mnh (hoc: ch khng t
hm hi mnh); c th b gt mt cch hp l, ch khng th b gt mt cch v k.

VI.25

T vit: Qun t bc hc vn, c chi d l, dic kh d pht bn h ph! .

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hc rng v Thi Thu, t c thc bng l (qui tc, nghi
thc, k lut tinh thn) nh vy c th khng tri vi o l.

VI.26

T kin Nam t, T L bt duyt. Phu t th chi vit: D s ph gi, thin ym chi, thin ym
chi!.

Dch. Khng t v cho nng Nam t, T L khng bng lng. Khng t th: Ta c lm g
tri th tri b ta, tri b ta!.

Ch thch. Khng t hi n nc V - V vua V Linh cng l Nam t c ting dm ng,

mi ng ti gp mt, ng theo l, khng th t chi. T L ly lm xu h. Vic ny chp
trong S k ca T M Thin. Nhng nhiu hc gi khng hiu ti sao Khng t phi th c
nh vy, v a ra vi ba cch hiu khc nhau u gng c. (Coi Lun ng nh thp ging).

VI.27

T vit: Trung dung chi vi c d, k ch h h! Dn tin cu h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Trung dung l c cc p vy. T lu ri, ngi ta t c c .

Ch thch. C ngi dch cu sau l t ngi gi c c lu.

VI.28

T Cng vit: Nh hu bc th dn nhi nng t chng, h nh? Kh v nhn h? T vit: H

s nhn! Tt d thnh h! Nghiu, Thun k do bnh ch! Ph nhn gi, k dc lp nhi lp
nhn, k dc t nhi t nhn. Nng cn th th, kh v nhn chi phng d d.

Dch. T Cng hi: Nu c ngi thi n cho nhn dn v cu i chng, th ngi y th

no. C th gi l ngi nhn khng? Khng t p: Sao ch gi l ngi nhn thi? Phi
gi l bc thnh ch! Vua Nghiu, Thun cng cha lm c nh vy thay. Ngi nhn, mnh
mun t lp th cng mun gip ngi thnh cng. Bit t bng ta suy ra bng ngi (mnh
mun g th gip ngi c ci ) l phng php thc hnh ca ngi nhn.
-----------------------
Cu T vit: Ung chi ngn nhin l do ti chp thm. Nguyn vn ch Hn:
. (Goldfish).

Thi , vua cha quay mt v hng Nam mi khi hp triu nn nam din c ngha l vua.

Gin y c ngha l khng dng chnh lnh phin h, t ng cn c ngha l khoan dung
na. T Tang B t gin d thi qu, c khi s sng, khng mc o, khng i m, thiu c
cung knh, uy nghi ca mt ng vua, nn Nhim Ung ch, v Khng t nhn Nhim Ung c l.
Bn ch C knh hnh gin trong bi ny tm tt t cch ng vua v chnh sch tr dn ca o
Khng.

V: nguyn vn ch Hn l (xem li ch thch trong bi III.5). (Goldfish).

T Hoa, tc Cng Ty Xch, coi bi V.7, hc tr Khng t.

Nhim t, tc Nhim Hu, coi bi III.6. Nguyn T h Nguyn, tn Hin, t l T D, ngi

L, hc tr Khng t. Trong truyn trn (T Hoa i s T), c l Nhim Hu l gia thn qun k
vic nh ca Qu Th, m Qu Th cm quyn L; cn Khng t lm t khng, hay t khu,
phi T Hoa i s T. Trong truyn di, Nguyn T lm gia thn ca Khng t, m Khng t
lm t khu, c quyn dng gia thn qun l vic nh cho nn c theo l m cp cho Nguyn T.
Nguyn T vn ngho m thanh lim, thy bng lc nhiu qu, t chi? Khng t khuyn c d
th pht cho ngi ngho. Hai truyn trn cho ta bit cch dng tin ca Khng t; chu cp th
cho ngi ngho ch khng cho ngi giu; pht lng th theo l nh nc.

C sch chp l ng (nm).

Trng Cung, tc Nhim Ung l ngi hin, nhng cha hn h li lm vic c. Khng t v Trng
Cung vi con b lang: Khng nn v li lm ca cha m khng dng con.

L ngu: c sch ging l b cy, thi ngi ta khng dng b cy m b nui ring cng
qu thn.

Mn T Khin, tn Tn l hc tr Khng t, ch h Qu tim l, lon chnh, khng chu lm

quan cho h Qu. Ph l p ca h Qu. Vn l con sng ranh gii gia T v L.

B Ngu, h Nhim, tn Canh, ngi L, mt hc tr c c hnh ca Khng t. Cc hc gi

thi xa cho ch tt l c tt v bo B Ngu b bnh ci, nhng khng c chng c g c.
Khng t ng ngoi ca s m khng v nh, Chu Hi ging nh vy: Theo L, ngi bnh
nm ca s pha Bc, vua ti thm th ri sang ca s pha Nam, vua nhn sang pha Nam
m hi thm (vua th nam din coi ch thch bi VI.1). Nh B Ngu mun dng l y t
lng tn knh Khng t. Khng t khng nhn, nn khng v nh, ch l mt cch ging (Coi
cch Khng t (au) nm tip vua khi vua li thm, bi X.13). C th Khng t mi ti, cha kp
v, thy B Ngu nm , hi thm lin.

Ch [], nhiu sch c l vong, ging l: cht mt!, khng qua khi c. Chng ti theo
cch c l iang [?] ca Lu Bo Nam, do Triu Thng dn trong Lun ng dch ch.

Cu T nhn d nhi hu t tt d! () nhiu bn ch Hn trn mng

chp hai ln. (Goldfish).

V Thnh: mt p nh ca nc L. am i Dit Minh: h am i, tn Dit Minh, t T V,

ngi p V Thnh (theo ). (Goldfish).

Mnh Chi Phn, tn Trc, t Phn, mt i phu nc L. Trong mt trn T nh L, L thua.

Cng ca Mnh Chi Phn l li pha sau, ngn qun T truy kch qun L.

Chc l vin quan coi tn miu (chc) nc V, tn . Cng t Triu nc Tng lc

lm quan i phu V. Khng t than thi i a nnh.

Nhn (): Nhiu bn chp l dn (), cng c bn chp c dn ln nhn: .

(Goldfish).

C vn l ci bnh ng ru c cnh gc, ti i Khng t ngi ta bin i n, b gc cnh

i, nhng vn gi tn c. Khng t ch trch thi ng thi hu danh v thc, nht l chnh tr.

Ch nhn [] ny nn sa l ch nhn [] (l ngi). Cu cui trong bi ngha cng nh cu:

Qun t kh thi d k phng, nn vng d phi k o ca Mnh t. Ch khi [] l gt mt
cch hp l, ch vng [] l gt mt cch v l. Nhng c ngi ging vng [] l ngu mui
v dch l: ngi qun t khng th ngu mui lm iu v l. C th T Ng thy Khng t gp
cu i qu m hi n thn, nn hi nh vy Khng t ngh li m phng. [Cu Ch
nhn [] ny nn sa l ch nhn [] (l ngi) l gii thch ch nhn trong cu Tnh
hu nhn yn (). (Goldfish)].

THIN VII

THUT NHI

VII.1

T vit: Thut nhi bt tc, tn nhi hiu c, thit b ng Lo Bnh.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta truyn thut (o ca c nhn) m khng sng tc, tin v thch (kinh
in ca) c (nhn); ta trm v vi ng Lo Bnh ca ta.

Ch thch. Chu Hi bo Lo Bnh l mt i phu thi Thng. C ngi bo Lo Bnh l Lo

am (Lo t). Ngi khc li bo Lo Bnh l Bnh T, sng by trm tui, b ti vua Nghiu.
Trnh Huyn bo Lo Bnh l hai ngi: Lo am v Bnh T. Khng thuyt no tin c c.
S thc cha bit l ai.
 VII.2

T vit: Mc nhi ch chi, hc nhi bt ym, hi nhn bt quyn, h hu ng tai!.

Dch. Khng t ni: Trm mc suy ngh ri ghi vo lng, hc khng chn, dy ngi khng
mi, ngoi ra ta c ci g khc u? (c ngi dch l: ba c c ni ta chng?).

VII.3

T vit: c chi bt tu, hc chi bt ging, vn ngha bt nng t, bt thin bt nng ci, th ng
u d.

Dch. Khng t ni: o c khng sa tin, hc vn chng ging tp, nghe c iu ngha
m khng lm theo, c li m khng sa i, l nhng mi lo ca ta.

VII.4

T chi yn c, thn thn nh d, th th nh d.

Dch. Khng t lc nhn c th oan trang, thn thi ho vui.

VII.5

T vit: Thm h ng suy d! Cu h, ng bt phc mng kin Chu Cng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta suy lm ri! T lu khng cn mng thy ng Chu Cng.

VII.6

T vit: Ch o, c c, y nhn, du ngh.

Dch. Khng t ni: tm ch vo o, gi gn c hnh, nng theo iu nhn, vui v lc

ngh (tc l, nhc, x, ng, th vit ch, s - ton php).

VII.7

T vit: T hnh thc tu d thng, ng v thng v hi yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ai dng l xin hc th t mt b nem tr ln, ta cha tng (ch l t)
m khng dy.

VII.8

T vit: Bt phn bt khi, bt ph bt pht. C nht ngung, bt d tam ngung phn, tc bt phc
d.

Dch. Khng t ni: K no khng pht phn tm hiu th ta khng m (ging cho); khng
rng t kin (mun ni m khng c) th ta khng khai pht cho. Ta vn cho mt gc ri m
khng t suy ngh tm ra ba gc kia, th ta khng dy cho na.

VII.9

T thc hu tang gi chi trc, v thng bo d.T th nht khc tc bt ca.

Dch. Khng t n vi ngi tang th (bun m) khng n no. Ngy no Khng t (i iu m)

khc th ngy khng n ca.

VII.10

T v Nhan Uyn vit: Dng chi tc hnh, x chi tc tng, duy ng d nh hu th ph! T L
vit: T hnh tam qun, tc thy d. T vit: Bo h bng h, t nhi v hi gi, ng bt d
d. Tt d lm s nhi c, hiu mu nhi thnh gi d.

Dch. Khng t bo Nhan Uyn: C ai dng th ta em o ra thi hnh, khng dng th thu
tng (gi) o l (c ngi dch l n vi o l), ch thy v anh c nh vy thi! T L
hi: Nu thy thng lnh tam qun th thy la ai gip ? Khng t p: Tay khng m bt
cp, khng m li qua sng, cht khng tic thn, k y ta khng cho theo gip ta. Nht nh l
bit k no lm s m bit lo s, thn trng, kho mu tnh ri mi quyt nh (hoc thnh
cng).

VII.11

T vit: Ph nhi kh cu d, tuy chp tin chi s, ng dic vi chi; nh bt kh cu, tng ng s
hiu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ph qui m c th cu c th d lm k cm roi nh xe hu ngi

(cng vic ti tin), ta cng lm, ph qu m khng th cu c, th ta c theo s thch ca ta.

VII.12

T chi s thn: trai, chin, tt.

Dch. Khng t thn trong nhng khi trai gii, chin tranh v bnh tt.

VII.13

T ti T vn thiu, tam nguyt bt tri nhc v, vit: Bt vi nhc chi ch t d.

Dch. Khng t khi T, nghe nhc Thiu, ba thng lin khng bit mi tht, bo: Khng ng
nhc tc ng ti ta c nh vy. (c ngi dch: khng ng vua Thun lm c khc
nhc tn thin, tn m nh vy).

Ch thch. V nhc Thiu, coi bi III.25.

 VII.14

Nhim Hu vit: Phu t vi V qun h? T cng vit: Nc, ng tng vn chi. Nhp vit:
B Di, Thc T, h nhn d. Vit: C chi hin nhn d. Vit: On h? Vit: Cu nhn nhi
c nhn, hu h on? Xut vit: Phu t bt v d.

Dch. Nhim Hu hi: Thy ta c thin v vi vua T khng? T Cng p: , ti cng c

hi thy vic . Ri v hi Khng t: Tha thy, B Di v Thc T l ngi nh th no?
p: L ngi hin xa. Li hi: Hai ng y c on hn g khng?. p: Cu nhn c
nhn th cn on hn g na? T Cng tr ra bo Nhim Hu: Thy khng thin v vi vua V
u.

Ch thch. Khng t lc nc V, m vua V l V Xut cng bt hiu, cp ngi cha

trong khi cha t lon ra nc ngoi; ri khi cha v, em qun ta c cha. Nhim Hu v T Cng
nghi Khng t c nh bnh vc vua V, cho nn T Cng em vic B Di, Thc T hi d
Khng t. B Di, Thc T (coi bi V.22) l hai anh em rut, con vua C Trc, cui i
Thng, u i Chu. B Di l anh c, Thc T l em t. Vua C Trc yu Thc T, lp di mnh
cho Thc T ni ngi. Triu nh theo di mnh, lp Thc T, Thc T khng chu, nhng li
cho cho B Di cho phi l. B Di cng khng chu, bo c tun theo lnh cha. Khng ai chu
nhn ri trn c vo ni, triu nh phi lp ngi con gia. Vy hai ngi ly ngha lm
trng, tri hn vi vua V. Khng t khen h tc th l ch vua V ri; cho nn T Cng bo
Nhim Hu: Thy khng thin v vi vua V u. Coi li nhn xt v ngha v ngh thut
bi ny trong C vn Trung Quc ca ti, tr.20-21 (Tao n 1966). B Di, Thc T cn c
coi l nhn v l dm can V vng (nh Chu) ng nh nh n (dit vua Tr).

VII.15

T vit: Phn s t, m thy, khc qung nhi chm chi, nhc dic ti k trung h. Bt ngha nhi
ph th qu, ng nh ph vn.

Dch. Khng t ni: n go xu, ung nc l, co cnh tay m gi u, trong cnh cng
c ci vui. Lm iu bt ngha m c giu sang th ta coi nh my ni.

VII.16

T vit: Gia ng s nin, ng thp d hc Dch, kh d v i qu h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cho ta sng thm t nm na, ti nm chc tui nghin cu Dch ( bit
l tin thoi) th c th khng lm li ln.

Ch thch. Khng t ni cu chc vo khong ngoi 40 tui. Nhng c ngi bo hai ch

ng thp [] chnh l ch tt [] chp lm, ch dch [] chnh l ch dic [] (cng),
v chm cu nh sau: Gia ng s nin tt d hc, dic kh d v i qu h, dch l: Cho ta
sng thm t nm na hc th cng c th khng lm li ln.

VII.17
T s nh ngn, Thi, Th, chp l, giai nh ngn d.

Dch. Khng t cng c lc dng ngn ng tiu chun (ca triu nh nh Chu); khi c Thi,
Th v lm l, u dng ngn ng tiu chun.

Ch thch. Thi , ngn ng dng triu nh nh Chu l ngn ng tiu chun, ph thng cho
mi nc (cng nh ting Bc Kinh ngy nay dng cho c nc Trung Hoa, cho nn gi l ting
ph thng). Khng t ngy thng dng ngn ng ca L, nhng khi c Thi, Th v lm l th
dng ngn ng ca Chu.

C ngi hiu khc hn: nh ngn l ging lun v dch l: Khng t hay ging v Kinh Thi,
Kinh Th v gi l.

VII.18

Dip cng vn Khng t T L, t l bt i. T vit: Nh h bt vit: k vi nhn d, pht

phn vong thc , lc d vong u, bt tri lo chi tng ch vn nh.

Dch. Dip cng (i phu nc S, h Thm, tn Ch Lng, hi lm quan lnh huyn

Dip, t xng cn l cng) hi T L v Khng t, T L khng p. Khng t bo: Sao anh
khng bo: y lm ngi pht phn c sch (tm hiu o l) n qun n, khi tm c ri th
vui sng n qun mi lo bun, khng bit rng ci gi n ti ni ri, nh vy .

VII.19

T vit: Ng phi sinh nhi tri chi gi, hiu c, mn d cu chi gi d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta chng phi tri sanh ra bit o l, ta a thch vn ho c m

sing nng tm hc.

VII.20

T bt ng: qui, lc, lon, thn.

Dch. Khng t khng ni v (4 ci ny): qui d, dng lc, phn lon, qu thn.

VII.21

T vit: Tam nhn hnh, tt hu ng s yn: trch k thin gi nhi tng chi, k bt thin gi nhi
ci chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ba ngi cng i (ta vi hai ngi na) tt c ngi lm thy ta: la ci
hay ca ngi ny m hc, xt ci quy ca ngi kia m t sa mnh.

Ch thch. C ngi cho ch tam (ba) y tr mt s khng nht nh: vi ba hoc hn cng
c.
 VII.22

T vit: Thin sinh c d, Hon Khi k nh d h?

Dch. Khng t ni: Tri cho ta c phm c, Hon Khi lm g c ta?.

Ch thch. Vic ny, T M Thin chp trong S k: Khng t qua nc Tng cng vi t
tp v l di mt gc cy ln. Quan t m nc Tng l Hon Khi (khng hiu v l g)
mun git ng, cho n cy . Khng t (thng thng) i. t bo: Mnh i mau ln,
Khng t p: Tri cho ta phm c. Coi li bn trong cun Khng t.

VII.23

T vit: Nh tam t d ng vi n h? Ng v n h nh. Ng v hnh nhi bt d nh tam t gi,

th Khu d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cc tr ng rng ta c iu g giu cc tr chng? Ta chng c iu g

giu c. Ta khng lm iu g m chng cho cc tr hay. Khu ny nh vy .

VII.24

T d t gio: vn, hnh, trung, tn.

Dch. Khng t dy hc tr v: vn (in tch, vn hin), hnh (hnh vi, thc hnh) ln trung
(tn tm), tn. C th c l hnh (c hnh).

VII.25

T vit: Thnh nhn, ng bt c nhi kin chi h, c kin qun t gi, t kh h. T vit:
Thin nhn, ng bt c nhi kin chi h, c kin hu hng gi, t kh h .V nhi vi hu, h nhi
vi doanh, c nhi vi thi, nan h hu hng h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bc thnh nhn, ta cha c thy, thy c bc qun t cng kh
ri. Khng t ni: Bc thin nhn, ta cha c thy, thy ngi tit tho khng thay i
cng kh ri. Khng c m bo l c, rng m bo l y, thiu m bo l d (c ngi dch l
tn tin m bo l rng ri), nh vy kh bo l tit tho khng thay i c.

VII.26

T vit: T iu nhi bt vng, dc bt x tc.

Dch. Khng t cu th khng dng li, bn th khng bn chim ang ng.

VII.27

T vit: Ci hu bt tri nhi tc chi gi, ng v th d. a vn, trch k thin gi nhi tng chi, a
kin nhi ch chi, tri chi th d.
Dch. Khng t ni: C nhng k khng bit m lm cn, ta khng nh vy. Nghe nhiu, chn
iu phi lm theo, thy nhiu m ghi nh, nh vy m bit c, bit nh vy ch l hng th
(km hng sinh ra bit).

Ch thch. Tri (chi th d) c ngi c l tr. E lm v thin XVI Qu th, bi 9 c cu: Sinh
nhi tri chi, thng d; hc nhi tri chi, th d; m thin VII, bi 19, Khng t cng ni: Ng phi
sinh nhi tri chi gi; r rng Khng t nhn l hng hc nhi tri chi, tc hng th chi.

VII.28

H hng nan d ngn. ng t kin, mn sinh hoc. T vit: D k tin d, bt d k thoi d,

duy h thm? Nhn khit k d tin, d k khit d, bt bo k vng d.

Dch. Ngi lng H (c ting l c nghch) kh ging iu phi cho h nghe c; mt thanh
nin lng li yt kin ( xin hc); Khng t tip, t phn vn nghi hoc. Khng t bo:
Ngi ta tin b th mnh tn thnh, thoi b th khng tn thnh, h tt phi (nghim khc)
thi qu. Ngi ta t tinh khit m mong c tin b, th ta tn thnh lng tinh khit ca h
(by gi) ch khng ng v (hoc k ti) d vng ca h. (C ngi dch l khng bo lnh
v d vng ca h. Lm Ng ng li hiu l v hnh ng sau ny ca h).

VII.29

T vit: Nhn vin h tai? Ng dc nhn, t nhn ch h.

Dch. Khng t ni: iu nhn, u c xa g? Ta mun n th n n.

VII. 30

Trn t bi vn: Chiu cng tri l h? Khng t vit: Tri l. Khng t thoi p Vu M K nhi
tin chi, vit: Ng vn qun t bt ng, qun t dic ng h? Qun th Ng, vi ng tnh, v
chi Ng Mnh t. Qun nhi tri l, thc bt tri l? Vu M K d co. T vit: Khu d hnh, cu
hu qu, nhn tt tri chi.

Dch. Quan t bi (coi b hnh) nc Trn hi: Vua Chiu cng (nc L) c bit l khng?
Khng t p: Bit l. Khng t lui ra ri, quan t bi vi Vu M K (hc tr Khng t) mi
tin ln, hi: Ti nghe ni ngi qun t khng thin v, t ra qun t cng thin v sao? Vua
L ci con gi nc Ng, cng h vi mnh, gi tri ra l Ng Mnh t. Vua Chiu cng m
bit l th ai m khng bit l? Vu M K thut li vi Khng t. Khng t ni: Khu ny may
mn, c li g th mi ngi u bit.

VII. 31

T d nhn ca nhi thin, tt s phn chi, nhi hu ho chi.

Dch. Khng t ht vi ai, thy ngi y ht hay th bo ngi ht li mnh cng ht.
 VII. 32

T vit: Vn, mc ng do nhn d; cung hnh qun t, tc ng v chi hu c.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hc v hc thut, sch v th ho chng ta cng bng ngi; cn lm

ngi qun t th ta cha c.

VII. 33

T vit: Nhc thnh d nhn, tc ng khi th? c vi chi bt ym, hi nhn bt quyn, tc kh
v vn nh d h. Cng Ty Hoa vit: Chnh duy t bt nng hc d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Lm c bc thnh vi nhn th ta u dm. Bt qu ta hc lm (thnh,

nhn) m khng chn, dy ngi m khng mt, ch c th gi c nh vy m thi. Cng Ty
Hoa tha: chnh l iu chng con khng hc c.

VII. 34

T tt bnh, T L thnh o. T vit: Hu ch? T L i vit: Hu chi, Ly vit: o nh

thng h thn chi. T vit: Khu chi o cu h.

Dch. Khng t au nng, T L xin php cu o. Khng t ni: C l y chng? T L

p: Tha c, sch Lu (sch chp cc bi cu o) c cu: V ng m cu o vi thn trn
tri di t. Khng t ni: Khu ny cu o t lu ri. ( ni n phi o th chng cn
cu o).

VII. 35

T vit: Xa tc bt tn, kim tc c, d k bt tn d, ninh c.

Dch. Khng t ni: Xa x th d ho ra kiu ngo, kim phc th d ho ra qu ma. Th chu

ting qu ma cn hn l kiu ngo.

VII. 36

T vit: Qun t thn ng ng, tiu nhn trng thch thch.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t th thn nhin vui v, k tiu nhn th lo lng u su.

VII. 37

T n nhi l, uy nhi bt mnh, cung nhi an.

Dch. Khng t n ho m nghim trang, oai v m khng d dn, cung knh m th thi.

----------------------
Th th: cc bn trn mng chp l: . Ch , Thiu Ch c l yu. (Goldfish).

Chu Cng tn l n, l con vua Chu Vn vng, em vua Chu V vng. Khi V vng cht,
ng ph t Thnh vng (con V vng), gip nh Chu thnh tr, nh l, nhac. Khng t rt
phc Chu Cng, vn mong c a v ca Chu Cng hnh o nh Chu Cng, nn thng
mng thy Chu Cng.

T L hiu dng, rt tn tu vi thy (coi bi V.6) thy khen Nhan Hi, cng mun thy nhc
ti mnh, nn hi nh trn. Khng t ch l hiu dng, nng ny, khng bit thn trng, hng
vic.

C l l: chn khng m li qua sng hoc khng dng thuyn m li qua sng. (Goldfish).

ni ch c th c l hnh hoc hnh. (Goldfish).

Theo l nh Chu, ngi cng h khng c ci g nhau. Ng Mnh t ngha l tiu th ln

nc Ng. ng l phi gi l Ng C, Ng l tn nc, C l tn h. Ngi con gi cng h
C vi vua L (?). Cch c x ca Khng t ng phc, khng th ch vua mnh trc mt vin
quan nc ngoi v nhn li v mnh. Li p Vu Nh K nh nhn lm sao.

Th: cc bn trn mng chp l: . Ch , Thiu Chu c l cm. (Goldfish).

THIN VIII

THI B

VIII.1

T vit: Thi B, k kh v ch c d d h. Tam d thin h nhng, dn v c nhi xng yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng Thi B ng gi l ngi c rt cao. My ln nhng thin h

(mt cch rt kn o) khin dn khng bit m ca tng.

VIII.2

T vit: Cung nhi v l tc lao, thn nhi v l tc t, dng nhi v l tc lon, trc nhi v l tc
gio.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cung knh m khng bit l (ngha l khng thch hp, va phi) th kh
nhc, cn thn m khng bit l th nht nht, dng cm m khng bit l th lon ng, ngay
thng m khng bit l th gt gao, mt lng ngi.

Qun t c thn tc dn hng nhn; c cu bt di tc dn bt du.

Dch. Ngi qun t (cm quyn) gi trn o vi ngi thn th dn pht khi lng nhn i;
khng b ngi c th dn khng bc bo.

VIII.3

Tng t hu tt, triu mn t vit: Khi d tc, Khi d th. Thi vn: Chin chin cng
cng nh lm thm uyn, nh l bc bng. Nhi kim nhi hu, ng tri min ph, tiu t.

Dch. Tng t b bnh nng (kh qua), cho gi cc t ti, bo: D chn ta ra xem, d tay
ta ra xem. Kinh Thi c cu: Phi nm np chm chm, nh i xung vc su, nh i trn lp
bng mng. T nay v sau, ta mi bit thot khi hnh lc, cc tr.

Ch thch. Thot khi hnh lc, khng b cht chn, cht tay, m gi c trn thn th cha m
sinh ra, khng lm nhc cha m, nh vy l c hiu (coi li bn ca ti trong cun Khng t -
chng IV).

VIII.4

Tng T hu tt, Mnh Knh t vn chi. Tng T ngn vit: iu chi tng t, k minh d ai;
nhn chi tng t, k ngn d thin. Qun t s qu h o gi tam: ng dong mo, t vin bo
mn h; chnh nhan sc, t cn tn tiu; xut t kh, t vin b bi h. Bin u chi s, tc hu t
tn.

Dch. Tng t au nng, Mnh Knh t (i phu nc L) n thm. Tng t bo: Con chim
sp cht, ct ting ku bi ai, ngi ta sp cht, tht ra li thin. Ngi qun t (cm quyn)
trong o giao thip, qu trng ba iu: c ch dung mo ng nn th bo, ngo mn; nt mt
nghim tc, thnh tn; li ni ng nn th b, tri l. Cn vic sp t cc cng t th c vin
chc chm nom. (mnh khi quan tm ti).

VIII.5

Tng T vit: D nng vn bt nng, d a vn qu; hu nhc v, thc nhc h; phm nhi
bt hiu, tch gi ng hu thng tng s t h.

Dch. Tng t ni: Mnh gii m i hi ngi d, bit nhiu hi ngi bit t, mnh c ti c
m ta nh khng, y m ta trng rng, b xc phm m chng xc phm li, ngy xa bn
ta thng theo c vy.

Ch thch. C th Tng t khen bn c l Nhan Uyn.

VIII.6

Tng T vit: Kh d thc lc xch chi c, kh d k bch l chi mnh, lm i tit, nhi bt kh
ot d; qun t nhn d, qun t nhn d.

Dch. Tng t ni: Mt i thn c th giao ph cho mt hong t m ci cao su thc

(khong su gang tay, mi tui), c th giao vn mnh mt nc trm dm, trong khi nguy bin
m gi trn tit tho, ngi nh vy c phi l qun t khng? Hn l qun t ri.

VIII.7

Tng T vit: S bt kh d bt hong ngh, nhim trng nhi o vin. Nhn d vi k nhim, bt
dic trng h? T nhi hu d, bt dic vin h?.

Dch. Tng t ni: K s khng th khng cng cng, quyt tm, l v nhim v nng m
ng xa. Nhim v l lm iu nhn, nh vy chng nng sao? Lm cho n cht mi thi, nh
vy ng chng xa sao?.

VIII.8

T vit: Hng Thi, lp L, thnh Nhc.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hc Thi phn khi, hc L lp thn, hon thnh s hc bng
Nhc.

Ch thch. Nhc c cng dng iu ho tnh tnh v ho mnh vi ngi.

VIII.9

T vit: Dn kh s do chi, bt kh s tri chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Dn chng, c th khin h theo (iu no ), ch khng th ging cho
h hiu c.

Ch thch. Coi li bn ca chng ti trong cun Khng t. C ngi chm cu: Dn kh, s do
chi; bt kh s tri ngha l dn no kh th khin cho noi theo; dn no khng kh th khin cho
phi bit.

VIII.10

T vit: Hiu dng, tt bn, lon d. Nhn nhi bt nhn, tt chi d thm, lon d.

Dch. Khng t ni: K hiu dng m li ght cnh ngho kh th s lm lon. Ngi bt
nhn m b ght b thi qu th s ni lon.

VIII.11

T vit: Nh hu Chu cng chi ti chi m, s kiu th ln, k d bt tc quan d d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nh c ti nng tt p nh Chu cng, m c tnh ku ngo, bin ln, th
nhng ti c g khc cng khng xt na.

VIII.12
T vit: Tam nin hc, bt ch cc, bt d c d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hc ba nm m khng c cu bng lc, d c my ngi?.

VIII.13

T vit: c tn hiu hc, th t thin o, nguy bang bt nhp, lon bang bt c. Thin h hu
o tc hin, v o tc n. Bang hu o, bn th tin yn, s d; bang v o, ph th qu yn,
s d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Vng tin o m ham hc, gi o ti cht. Nc nguy ng vo, nc
lon khng . Thin h chnh tr tt th ra lm quan, chnh tr hc m th n. Nc nh c
chnh tr tt m mnh ngho hn th ng xu h, nc nh chnh tr hc m m mnh ph qu th
ng xu h.

VIII.14

T vit: Bt ti k v, bt mu k chnh.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng chc v no th ng mu tnh vic ca chc v .

VIII.15

T vit: S Ch chi thy, Quan th chi lon, dng dng h doanh nh tai!.

Dch. Khng t ni: Quan thi s Ch (nhc trng) khi mi tu nhc (c sch dch l khi
mi nhm chc), on ng hp tu kt thc Quan th p v vui tai thay!.

VIII.16

T vit: Cung nhi bt trc, ng nhi bt nguyn, khng khng nhi bt tn, ng bt tri chi h.

Dch. Khng t ni: K cung vng m khng ngay thng; ngy th m khng trung hu, bt
ti (hoc di dt) m khng th tn, ta khng bit hng ngi ra sao! (c ch l b i).

VIII.17

T vit: Hc nh bt cp, do khng tht chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Hc th (phi gng sc) nh s khng kp, hc c iu g ri th s

qun mt.

VIII.18

T vit: Nguy nguy h, Thun, V chi hu thin h d, nhi bt d yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Vi vi thay, ng Thun v ng V c thin h (lm vua) m chng
ly lm vui (chng hng vinh hoa ph qu).

Ch thch. C ngi hiu l c thin h m khng do mnh cu mong ( ni hai ng u

c nhng ngi). Li c thuyt: c thin h m v vi (chng lm g c) v c hin
thn gip sc tr dn cho.

VIII.19

T vit: i tai, Nghiu, Thun chi vi qun d. Nguy nguy h, duy thin vi i, duy Nghiu tc
chi. ng ng h, dn v nng danh yn. Nguy nguy h, k hu thnh cng d. Hon h, k hu
vn chng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ln thay, s nghip lm vua ca ng Nghiu, ng Thun. Vi vi thay,

ch c tri l v i, v ch c vua Nghiu l theo c tri. Lng lng thay, dn chng khng
tm c li no khen cho ng (c nghip) ca ng. Vi vi thay, s thnh cng ca ng.
Rc r thay, l nhc v ch ca ng.

VIII.20

Thun hu thn ng nhn nhi thin h tr. V vng vit: D hu lon thn thp nhn. Khng
t vit: Ti nan, bt k nhin h? ng, Ngu chi t, t vi thnh. Hu ph nhn yn, cu nhn
nhi d. - Tam phn thin h hu k nh, d phc s n. Chu chi c, k kh v ch c d d h.

Dch. ng Thun c nm hin thn m thin h thnh tr. ng V vng (nh Chu) ni: Ta c
mi i thn tr thin h. Khng t ni: (Ngi ta thng bo) kh kim c nhn ti. Li
chng ng ? So vi i ng (vua Nghiu), i Ngu (vua Thun) th i ny (Vn vng,
V vng nh Chu) nhn ti nhiu hn, nhng trong s c mt ngi n b, thnh th ch
cn chn ngi thi. Vua Vn vng (cha V vng) c hai phn ba thin h theo mnh m
vn thn phc nh n. c ca nh Chu nh vy, c th ni l cc cao.

Ch thch. Nm v hin thn ca vua Thun l: V, Tc, Tit, Cao Dao, B ch.- Mi v hin
thn ca V vng l: Chu cng, Triu cng, Khng Thng, Tt cng, Vinh cng, Thi in,
Honh Yu, Tn Nghi Sanh, Nam Cung Qut v b p Khng, v V vng. Lon thn y
c ngha l b ti gii tr lon.

VIII.21

T vit: V, ng v gin nhin h. Ph m thc nhi tr hiu h qu thn, c y phc nhi tr m h

pht min, ti cung tht nhi tn lc h cu hc. V, ng v gin nhin h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta chng ch vua V (nh H) vo u c c. ng n ung m bc

m cng t qu thn rt trng hu; n mc xu x m khi cng t, l phc rt p;cung tht nh
hp m tn lc sa sang ngi lch (m ch cng vic ca V). Vua V, ta chng ch vo u
c c.

Ch thch. Pht v min l o v m khi t.

-----------------
Ch tam ny, c ngi hiu l quyt tm. Khng nn hiu l ba. Thi B l con trng ca Chu
Thi vng. Thi vng mun truyn ngi cho con t l Qu Lch v Qu Lch c mt ngi con
trai tn l Xng ci ti c, nh vy Qu Lch cht th Xng s lm vua. Thi B hiu cha, r
ngi em k l Trng Ung ra khi nc, v phng Nam. Trong khi y Thi vng truyn ngi
cho Qu Lch ri Qu Lch truyn ngi cho Xng, tc vua Vn vng, sau vua Vn vng
truyn ngi cho V vng, V vng dit Tr nh Thng m dng thin h nh Chu.

Hc: cc bn trn mng chp l: (Thiu Chu c l tut). (Goldfish).

THIN IX

T HN

IX.1

T hn ngn li d mnh d nhn.

Dch. Khng t t ni ti li, vi mnh v o nhn.

Ch thch. Chu Hi hiu nh Trnh t v dn li ca Trnh: Tnh ti li th hi ngha, l ca

mnh huyn vi, m o nhn rng ln, nn Khng t t ni n. Nhng nhiu ngi thc mc
iu ny: Trong Lun ng Khng t ni v li n su ln, v mnh mi ln, v nhn c trm
ln, sao bo t ni v nhn c?

1. C ngi ging: ch ngn (ni) y khng phi l li Khng t ni trong khi dy hc (dy
th ng ni rt nhiu v nhn c trm ch); m l t ngn, c ngha l li ng ni trong i
sng hng ngy, trong khi x s, hoc li ng ni v ng, ng t xt ti li, v ng ch theo ngha;
t ni ti thin mnh v ng ch trng sa i x hi l vic khng th lm c m ng vn
lm (tri k bt kh vi nhi chi), chnh T Cng cng bo khng c nghe ng ni v o tri (bi
V.12); cn ng t ni ti nhn, ngha l ng khng t cho mnh l nhn m cng t khen ai l
nhn.

2. V ng trong Trung Quc trit hc i cng (Thng v n qun) v Triu Thng (sch
dn) ging khc: Khng t t ni v nhn trong dy hc, nhng v mn coi c nhn l quan
trng, nn ln no thy ni ti cng ghi , v vy m trong Lun ng chng ta mi thy nhiu.
Hai thuyt trn c th tm chp nhn c. Ngoi ra cn nhng thuyt ny na:

3. Ch d y phi hiu l km vi. Khng t t ni li km vi mnh, vi nhn.

4. Ch d c ngha l ri n. Khng t t ni ti li, ri n mnh (ni n mnh nhiu hn li)

sau cng n nhn (ni n nhn nhiu hn c).

5. Ch d c ngha l hp vi. Khng t t ni rng li hp vi mnh, vi nhn, m cho rng li

thng tri vi mnh, vi nhn. C ngi chm cu sau ch li, v dch l: m theo (d) mnh
tri theo iu nhn. Ch d dng nh trong cu: Ng d im (Ta mun theo anh im,
mun nh anh im) trong bi XI.25.

6. Li c ngi bo ch hn y phi c l hin, ngha l r rng, Khng t ni minh bch v

li, mnh v nhn. Sai. Khng t c ni g minh bch v li, v nhn u.

IX.2

t hng ng nhn vit: i tai Khng t! Bc hc nhi v s thnh danh. T vn chi, v mn

t vit: Ng h chp. Chp ng h? Chp x h? Ng chp ng h.

Dch. C ngi trong ng t Hng (thi 500 nh l mt ng cng nh lng xm) bo:
ng Khng t tht l v i! Hc vn qung bc, nhng chng chuyn v mt mn g c.
Khng t nghe c, ni vi cc t: Ta chuyn v mn no y? Mn nh xe, hay mn bn
cung? Ta s chuyn v mn nh xe.

Ch thch. nh xe cng l mt trong lc ngh, nhng chuyn nh xe cho ngi l ngh thp
hn nht. Khng t ni a vi mn sinh nh vy v trong bi XIII.4 ng ch Phn Tr nh
nhen khi xin ng dy cho ngh nng, (ngh ny cao hn ngh nh xe).

IX.3

T vit: Ma min, l d, kim d thun, kim, ng tng chng. Bi H, l d, kim bi h thng,

thi d; tuy vi chng, ng tng h.

Dch. Khng t ni: i m gai l theo l xa, nay dng m t r hn (v tn cng hn),
nn ta theo s ng. B ti bi yt vua th mi u ng di thm m bi, (ri ln trn thm
ri li bi na), l l xa; ngy nay ln n trn thm ri mi bi, nh vy l kiu mn; cho
nn tuy tri vi s ng, ta vn bi t di thm.

IX.4

T tuyt t, v , v tt, v c, v ng.

Dch. Khng t b hn bn tt ny: v l xt vic g th khng em ring (hoc t dc)

ca mnh vo m c theo l phi; v tt, tc khng quyt rng iu 1 tt ng, vic tt
lm c; v c, tc khng c chp; v ng, tc qun mnh i, khng cho ci ta lm m m
(hoc khng ch k m phi ch cng v t).

Ch thch. C nh bn thm: v l tr, v tt l ngha, v c l l, v ng l nhn. ng.

IX.5

T y Khung, vit: Vn vng k mt, vn bt ti t h! Thin chi tng tng t vn d, hu

t gi bt c d t vn d. Thin chi v tng t vn d, Khung nhn k nh d h?
Dch. Khng t b vy thnh Khung (nc V), bo: Vua Vn vng mt ri, l nhc, ch
ca ng chng truyn li cho ta sao! Tri m mun hu dit vn ha th ngi sau u
c tha hng vn ha ; Tri m cha mun hu dit vn ha th ngi t Khung lm
g c ta?.

Ch thch. Chuyn ny chp trong S k ca T M Thin. Ngi t Khung ght Dng H

(Lun ng gi l Dng Ho), gia thn h Qu, thy tng mo Khng t ging Dng H nn
mun hm hi; khi h bit l lm th xin li v th ng ra.

IX.6

Thi t vn T Cng, vit: Phu t thnh gi d? H k a nng d? T Cng vit: C thin

tng chi tng thnh, hu a nng d. T vn chi, vit: Thi t tri ng h? Ng thiu d tin,
c a nng b s. Qun t a h tai? Bt a d. Lao vit: T vn: Ng bt th, c ngh.

Dch. Mt quan thi t hi Khng t: Phu t (tc Khng t) phi l thnh chng? Sao m a
ti th? T Cng p: Tri rng ri mun cho ngi lm thnh nhn, li cho ngi nhiu
ti. Khng t nghe c, bo: Quan thi t bit ta chng? Ta hi nh ngho hn nn hc
c nhiu ngh b lu. Ngi qun t c cn bit nhiu ngh khng? Khng cn. Lao bo:
Thy ta c ln ni: Ta v khng c dng (c lm quan) cho nn hc c nhiu ngh.

Ch thch. Lao l hc tr Khng t, khng bit h g.

IX.7

T vit: Ng hu tri h tai? V tri d. Hu b phu vn ng, khng khng nh d, ng khu k

lng oan nhi kit yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta c bit rng khng? Khng. C ngi nh qu no li hi ta, ta vn

khng bit g c, nhng ta hi u ui (hoc mt phi mt tri) mi nghi ng ca ngi , (do
m hiu c) m ging gii ht cho.

IX.8

T vit: Phng iu bt ch, h bt xut , ng d h ph!

Dch. Chim phng chng n, bc chng hin trn sng Hong H, ta ht hi vng ri!.

Ch thch. Ngi Trung Hoa tin phng l mt linh iu, vua Thun c ngi ta dng mt
con, ri ti i Vn vng c chim phng ht ni K. Bc l bc c hnh bt qui; thi
Phc Hi, c con long m i n trn lng, hin trn sng Hong H. l nhng im thnh
nhn xut hin. Khng t khng thy hai vt , cho rng thnh vng khng ra i v o ca
ng khng th thi hnh c.

IX.9

T kin t thi gi, min y thng gi d c gi, kin chi, tuy thiu, tt tc, qu chi tt x.
Dch. Khng t thy ngi bn s gai ( tang), ngi bn l phc vi ngi m, th nhng
ngi d nh tui, ng cng ng dy; i qua mt nhng ngi y th ng ro bc.

IX.10

Nhan Uyn v nhin thn vit: Ngng chi di cao, ton chi di kin, chim chi ti tin, ht yn
ti hu. Phu t tun tun nhin thin d nhn. Bc ng d vn, c ng d l, dc bi bt nng. K
kit ng ti, nh hu s lp trc nh, tuy dc tng chi, mt do d d.

Dch. Nhan Uyn bi ngi khen: o (thy ta) cng ngng ln trng cng thy cao, cng c
cng cng, mi thy trc mt, bng hin sau lng. Thy tun t m kho dn d ngi.
Thy dng th tch m m rng tri thc ta, dng l tit c thc hnh vi ta, d ta c mun thi
cng khng c. Ta tn dng nng lc m c h vn thy c ci g cao ln sng sng pha
trc, ta mun theo ln ti cng m khng sao theo cho ni.

IX.11

T tt bnh. T L s mn nhn vi thn. Bnh gin. Vit: Cu h tai, Do chi hnh tr d. V

thn nhi vi hu thn. Ng thy khi? Khi thin h? Th d d k t thn chi th d, v ninh t
nh tam t chi th h? Th d tng bt c i tng, d t o l h?.

Dch. Khng t au nng. T L bo anh em ng mn lm gia thn (h tang nu Khng t

mn phn). Khi bnh gim, Khng t (mi hay truyn ) bo: Lu ri, anh Do lm chuyn la
di ! Nay ta khng c gia thn m lm nh c gia thn. Nh vy l di ai, di Tri chng? V
li, ta cht trong tay gia thn, u bng cht trong tay cc tr? V li, khng c i tng,
chng hn cht dc ng dc x ?

IX.12

T Cng vit: Hu m ngc t, un c nhi tng ch? Cu thin c nhi c ch? T vit: C
chi tai, c chi tai, ng i c gi d.

Dch. T Cng ni: C vin ngc p y, nn b vo hp m ct i chng? Hay cu c

thng nhn tt m bn i? Khng t p: Bn i ch, bn i ch! Ta i c thng nhn
y.

IX.13

T dc c cu di. Hoc vit: Lu, nh chi h? T vit: Qun t c chi, h lu chi hu?

Dch. Khng t (chn ngn) mun qua cc dn tc km vn minh min ng. C ngi bo:
Cc ni b lu, lm sao c? ng p: Ngi qun t li (gio ho h) th cn g b
lu na?

IX.14
T vit: Ng t V phn L, nhin hu nhc chnh Nh, Tng cc c k s.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta t V tr v L, ri mi nh chnh li nhc, m nhc Nh v Tng

c din tu ng m lut.

Ch thch. Hi ny Khng t trn 69 tui. Nh, Tng l nhng loi thi trong Kinh Thi, m cng
l nhng nhc iu. C ngi hiu l Khng t sp t li nhng thin Nh, Tng trong Kinh
Thi, hoc nh li trong trng hp no nn tu nhng nhc Nh, Tng.

IX.15

T vit: Xut tc s cng khanh, nhp tc s ph huynh, tang s bt cm bt min, bt vi tu

khn, h hu ng tai?

Dch. Khng t ni: Ra lm quan th th bc cng khanh (cc i thn chp chnh), nh th
th cha m, vic tang khng dm khng lm trn l, khng cho ru lm lon tnh, bn iu
ta lm c iu no khng?

IX.16

T ti xuyn thng vit: Th gi nh t ph, bt x tr d.

Dch. Khng t ng trn b sng, ni: Nc chy i hoi, ngy m khng ngng.

Ch thch. C th hiu l thi gian tri i hoi, ng nn b l; hoc: o tri, vn vt bin ho

hoi.

IX.17

T vit: Ng v kin hiu c nhi hiu sc gi d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cha thy ai hiu c bng hiu sc.

IX.18

T vit: Th nh vi sn, v thnh nht qu, ch, ng ch d. Th nh bnh a, tuy phc nht qu,
tin, ng tin d.

Dch. Khng t ni: V nh p ni, ch cn thiu mt st na l ngng, l ti ta mun ngng

vy. V nh ti trn t bng, tuy mi xung mt st, m tip tc na, li ti ta mun tip
tc vy.

IX.19

T vit: Ng chi nhi bt na gi, k Hi d d?

Dch. Khng t ni: Ging dy cho m thi hnh khng tr nhc, th ch c anh Nhan Hi
chng?

IX.20

T v Nhan Uyn vit: Tch h! Ng kin k tin d, v kin k ch d.

Dch. Khng t ni v Nhan Uyn: Tic thay (v Nhan Uyn yu)! Ta ch thy anh y tin
(trn ng o l) m cha h thy ngng.

IX.21

T vit: Miu nhi bt t gi, hu h ph! T nhi bt thc gi, hu h ph!.

Dch. Khng t ni: La mc ln m chng tr bng, c nh vy ri! Tr bng m khng

thnh ht, cng c nh vy ri!

IX.22

T vit: Hu sinh kh y, yn tri lai gi chi bt nh kim d? T thp, ng thp nhi v vn yn,
t dic bt tc y d d.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng s bn tr, bit u sau ny h chng hn mnh by gi? Nhng
khi h bn chc, nm chc tui m khng c cht danh vng g, th chng ng s na.

IX.23

T vit: Php ng chi ngn, nng v tng h? Ci chi vi qu. Tn d chi ngn, nng v duyt
h? Dch chi vi qu. Duyt nhi bt dch, tng nhi bt ci, ng mt nh chi h d d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi ta ly li phi nghim chnh rn mnh th lm sao khng nghe cho
c? Nhng nghe t sa i mi l qu. Ngi ta ly li knh thun tn thnh mnh, th lm
sao m khng vui lng c? Nhng nghe ri m suy xt ngi ta c hm g (ngha l li khen
c ng khng) th mi l qu. Vui lng m khng suy xt, nghe m khng sa mnh, hng ngi
ta chng bit dy cch no na.

IX.24

Bi ny trng vi bi I.8.

IX.25

T vit: Tam qun kh ot soi d, tht phu bt kh ot ch d.

Dch. Khng t ni: C th (dng sc mnh) bt c mt v nguyn soi, ch ch hng ca

mt thng dn th khng (dng sc mnh m) ot ni.
 IX.26

T vit: Y t un bo, d y h hc gi lp, nhi bt s gi, k Do d d! Bt ch bt cu, h dng

bt tang? T L chung thn tng chi. T vit: Th o d, h tc d tang.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bn o bng vi c ng chung vi ngi bn o bo bng da con chn

(h), con lc m khng xu h, l anh Do chng?. Chng k, chng tham cu, lm vic
g (trong hon cnh no) m chng tt?. T L ngm hoi cu . Khng t bo: Ci i o
, g m gi l (hon ton) tt?.

IX.27

T vit: Tu hn, nhin hu tri tng bch chi hu iu d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ti ma ng lnh lo, mi bit loi tng, bch cn cnh l.

IX.28

T vit: Tr gi bt hoc, nhn gi bt u, dng gi bt c.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi tr th khng m hoc, ngi nhn th khng lo, ngi dng th
khng s.

IX.29

T vit: Kh d cng hc, v kh d thch o; kh d thch o, v kh d lp; kh d lp, v

kh d quyn.

Dch. Khng t ni: C hng ngi mnh c th cng hc vi h, m v tt c th cng i

vo chnh o vi h; c th cng i vo chnh o vi h, m v tt c th ng vng trong
chnh o vi h; c th ng vng trong chnh o vi h, m v tt c th theo php quyn
bin vi h.

IX.30

ng l chi hoa, thin k phin nhi. Khi bt nh ti, tht th vin nhi. T vit: V chi t d,
ph h vin chi hu.

Dch. Nhng o hoa trn cy ng l, nghing ng, lung lay. Ti h chng nh em sao?
Ngt ni ti xa qu (khng ti c). Khng t c bn cu v bo: Nh vy l cha
tht l tng nh, (nu tht l tng nh) th c ngi g xa?.

---------------------
Vi: nguyn vn ch Hn l . C bn chp l (vin). (Goldfish).

Ph: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; c bn chp l (h). (Goldfish).

Khng hiu: ci g lu? C sch ging l: ta m man lu nh. C th hiu ch l li trch T
L. T L ln tui hn v, v qu thy m xng v .

Theo l thi , h lm i phu th c gia thn, cai qun mi vic trong nh. C hi Khng t
lm i phu, c gia thn, nhng hi ny khng cn lm i phu na. T L mun dng l i
phu chn ct thy nn bo anh em ng mn lm gia thn. Bi ny cm ng, li trch rt
ng, tuy nghim m nhiu tnh cm, t cch thanh cao.

on m lm nh c gia thn cht dc ng dc x ? l do ti tm ghi thm, ebook

ngun khng c. (Goldfish).

Ch c [] ny c ngi c l gi: cu c gi m bn.

Tin: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; c bn chp l (vng). (Goldfish).

Bn ch th nh bnh a c ngi dch l: V nh lp mt vc su cho thnh t bng.

Hiu cch no th i bi ny cng l khuyn ta ng b l cng vic hc tp m cng trc
mt ht; thnh hay bi ch ti ta m thi. Nhng hiu nh chng ti dch th s so snh c mnh
hn: cng l vic p ni, gn thnh cng ri b, vi vic mi bt u m vng ch tip tc, l do
ta ht. a v d lp vc su vo y, hi long i.

Nguyn vn bi IX.24 ny l: T vit: Ch trung tn, v hu bt nh k gi, qu tc vt ci;

nguyn vn bi I.8, di hn: T vit: Qun t bt trng tc bt uy, hc tc bt c; ch trung tn,
v hu bt nh k gi, qu tc vt n ci. (Goldfish).

Con lc l mt loi ging con chn. o lm bng da con chn v con lc va nh va m, nn

rt qu.

C nhiu bn chia bi ny ra lm hai, ti y l ht bi trn. Nhng ngha l hai on lin quan

vi nhau, nn gom lm mt.

Cu ny trong Kinh Thi, V phong, thin Hng tr. Ch ( k) chng ti phin m l ch, c
ngi c l k. C nh cho rng Khng t dn cu khen T L. Nh vy c v Khng t
mu thun: chnh ng dn cu , sao di li bo: C g (hon ton) tt?. Cho nn chng ti
on T L nh Kinh Thi, t ph rng mnh theo ng li khuyn trong Kinh Thi, nn
ngm hoi. Khng t thy vy, nn lng t ph xung.

Trong Kinh Thi hin nay lu hnh khng c bn cu th . Hai cu u th hng, (nhn thy
hoa ng l m c hng), ngha khng lin quan g ti hai cu sau. Khng t mun khuyn
ngi hc o: nu thc ham o th khng ngi kh.

THIN X

HNG NG
 X.1

Khng t hng ng, tun tun nh d, t bt nng ngn gi; k ti tn miu, triu nh, bin
bin ngn, duy cn nh.

Dch. Khng t lng xm th cung thun, ta nh khng bit n ni; ti tn miu, triu
nh th bin lun rnh r m rt cn thn.

X.2

Triu, d h i phu ngn, khn khn nh d; d thng i phu ngn, ngn ngn nh d. Qun
ti, thc tch nh d, d d nh d.

Dch. Khng t ni: triu nh, ni vi cc quan h i phu th ho nh vui v; ni vi cc

quan thng i phu th nghim tc, chnh trc. Khi vua lm triu th ng cung knh, c v nh
khng an tm, khng mt v uy nghi.

Ch thch. Thin ny nhiu t c: tun tun, bin bin, khn khn, ngn ngn, d d mi
sch ging mi khc. i khi chng ti theo Chu Hi.

X.3

Qun triu s tn, sc bt nh d, tc quc (hoc gic) nh d. p s d lp, t hu th, y tin

hu xim nh d. X tin, dc nh d. Tn thoi, tt phc mnh vit: Tn bt c h.

Dch. Khi vua (L) triu ng tip khch (nc ngoi) th ng bin sc, chn bc run run,
khch cng ng vi ng th ng chp tay vi ngi bn t, ngi bn hu; vt trc, vt sau
ca o phiu ng khi ng ci, ngng, ng ro bc tin ti (c sch dch l khi a khch vo,
ng i mau), hai cnh tay a ra thng nh cnh chim. Khch lui ri, ng tt vo tu vi vua:
Khch khng quay u li ( i ri).

X.4

Nhp cng mn, cc cung nh d, nh bt dung. Lp bt trung mn, hnh bt l vc. Qu v, sc

bt nh d, tc quc nh d, k ngn t bt tc gi. Nhip t thng ng, cc cung nh d, bnh
kh t bt tc gi. Xut ging nht ng, snh nhan sc, di di nh d. Mt giai, x tin, x dc
nh d, phc k v, tc tch nh d.

Dch. Khi v ca ln ca triu nh, ng khom khom nh ca thp qu. ng khng ng

gia ca, khi i, khng dn ln ngch ca. i ngang qua ngai vua (ngai trng), ng bin sc,
chn bc run run, ni chng ra li. Khi ng vn o bc ln thm, ng khom khom, nn hi nh
nn th. Khi lui, bc xung mt bc, sc mt ng li ho hon vui v. Xung n bc cui, ng
i mau, hai cnh tay a thng ra nh cnh chim. Tr v ch c th ng li cung knh, c v nh
khng yn tm.

X.5
Chp khu, cc cung nh d, nh bt thng, thng nh p, h nh th, bt nh chin sc, tc
sc sc nh hu tun. Hng l, hu dong sc, t ch (hoc tnh) du du nh d.

Dch. Khi i s nc ngoi, cm th ngc khu th ng khom khom nh bng chng ni, a
ngc ln ti u nh vi cho, h xung ti ngc nh trao cho ai. ng bin sc nh s st, chn
ren rn bc tng bc nh noi theo mt vt g. Khi dng l vt, th dng mo n ho. (L xong
ri) ly t cch t nhn yt kin vua quan nc ngoi th v mt thoi mi, vui v.

X.6

Qun t bt d cm tru sc, hng t bt d vi tit phc. ng th, chn hi khch, tt biu nhi
xut chi. Truy y cao cu, t y ngh cu, hong y h cu. Tit cu trng, on hu du. Tt hu
tm y, trng nht thn hu bn. H lc chi hu d c. Kh tang, v s bt bi. Phi duy thng,
tt si chi, cao cu, huyn quan, bt d iu. Ct nguyt, tt triu phc nhi triu .

Dch. Ngi qun t (tr Khng t) khng dng trang sc (y phc) mu cm v mu

tru (c hai mu u xanh m pha mu hng, mu tru ti hn v u ging mu huyn,
mu ca l phc, v vy nn trnh dng trang sc); y phc thng ngy khng dng mu
hng v mu ta (v ging vi mu (xch), khng phi chnh sc). Ma nc, bn o n bng
vi mng ngoi o lt. Ma rt, mc o en ngoi vi o lng ngh (hu con, lng trng)
trong; hoc o di vng ngoi vi o lng chn mu vng trong. o lng tuy di, nhng tay
o bn phi ngn hn bn tri ( d lm vic). Phi c o ng (mm nh) di gp ri thn
ngi. C nm ngi bng da con chn, con lc dy. Ci b tang phc ri, th nhng lt vt
dt vo dy lng. Khng phi l l phc, th qun ct ngn bt i. i iu tang, khng bn o
lng d en, khng i m en. Ngy nguyn n (nguyn vn l ct nguyt, c ngi dch l
ngy mng mt mi thng), mc tro phc chu vua.

X.7

Trai, tt hu minh y, b, tt bin thc, c tt thin ta.

Dch. Lc trai gii, tt dng o tinh khit, bng vi, tt i thc n, i ch .

X.8

T bt ym tinh, khoi bt ym t. T nhi i, ng ni nhi nhc bi bt thc. Sc c bt thc, x

c bt thc. Tht nhm bt thc, bt thi bt thc. Ct bt chnh bt thc, bt c k tng bt
thc. Nhc tuy a, bt s thng t kh. Duy tu v lng, bt cp lon. C tu, th b, bt thc.
Bt trit khng thc. Bt a thc. T cng, bt tc nhc. T nguyt bt xut tam nht, xut
tam nht, bt thc chi h. Thc bt ng, tm bt ngn. Tuy s t, thi canh, tt t, tt trai nh d.

Dch. Cm cng trng tinh cng tt, (cng thch), gi thi cn nh cng tt. Cm hm v thiu,
c n m tht nho th khng n. (Thc n m) sc bin, h ri, khng n; mi hi cng
khng n. (C sch dch l nhng vt tri ma). Ct khng ngay ngn (hoc khng ng cch),
khng n. Nc chm khng thch hp, khng n. D c tht, (Khng t) cng n t tht hn cm.
Duy c ru l khng hn ch, nhng khng ung ti say. Ru bn ca hng, khng ung,
tht mua ch, khng n. Ba no cng n gng. Khng n ti qu no. T cng miu ri,
c phn tht th ng phn pht ngay, khng cch m. (V tht t vo bui sng th lm vo
hm trc, nu cch m na, qua ngy hm sau l ba ngy, tht i i). Tht cng t tin,
khng qu ba ngy, qu ba ngy th khng n. Khi n, khng m lun, khi ng khng ni
chuyn. Tuy l cm th, canh rau, m trc khi n cng cung knh cng vi nh lc trai gii.

X.9

Tch bt chnh bt ta.

Dch. Chiu tri khng ngay, khng ngi.

X.10

Hng nhn m tu, trng gi xut, t xut h. Hng nhn na, triu phc nhi lp tc giai.

Dch. D tic vi ngi lng, ng i cc ng lo chng gy bc ra ri mi ra. Trong lng

lm l na (l tng n dch) ng bn triu phc ng trn thm pha ng m d l.

X.11

Vn nhn tha bang, ti bi nhi tng chi. Khang t qu dc, bi nhi th chi. Vit: Khu v t,
bt cm thng.

Dch. Nhn ai hi thm bn nc ngoi th khi tin hnh, ng vai hai vi. (mt: vi ngi
ng nhn, hai: vi bn xa). (Qu) Khang t tng thuc ung, ng vi, nhn, ri ni vi ngi
em thuc: Khu ti cha hiu tnh cht ca thuc ny, khng dm ung.

X.12

Khi phn. T thoi triu, vit: Thng nhn h?, bt vn m.

Dch. Chung nga chy. Khng t triu v, hi: C ai b thng khng?, ch khng hi
nga.

X.13

Qun t thc, tt chnh tch tin thng chi. Qun t tinh, tt thc nhi tin chi. Qun t sinh, tt
sc chi. Th thc qun, qun t, tin phn. Tt, qun th chi, ng th, gia triu phc, thn.
Qun mnh triu, bt s gi hnh h.

Dch. Vua ban cho thc n nu chn l ln ngi gia chiu m nm trc. Vua ban cho tht
ti th cho nu chn, cng t tin ri mi n. Vua ban cho ng vt cn sng th nui. Hu cm
vua, khi vua rt ru vi t tin, ng nm th thc n trc, nh mnh c trch nhim sn sc
mn n. ng au, vua n thm th ng quay u v hng ng, p triu phc, t chic ai
(thc lng) ln mnh. Vua c lnh vi, ng khng i thng xe m i b ngay.
Ch thch.- Thi , trong nh th ly hng ty lm trng, ng quay mt v hng ng, tc
vua quay mt v hng ty m hi thm ng.

X.14

(Bi ny trng vi bi III.15, nn khng dch li).

X.15

Bng hu t, v s qui, vit: ng tn. Bng hu chi qu, tuy xa m, phi t nhc, bt bi

Dch.- Bn b mt m khng c ngi thn thch lo cho, th ng bo: em v nh ti tm

lim. Bn b tng vt g nu khng phi l tht t, th d l vt qu nh xe, nga, ng cng
khng vi khi nhn.

X.16

Tm bt thi, c bt dung. Kin t thi gi, tuy hip, tt bin, kin min gi d c gi, tuy tit tt
d mo. Hng phc gi, thc chi. Thc ph bn gi. Hu thnh son, tt bin sc nhi tc. Tn li,
phong lit, tt bin.

Dch.- Ng th khng nm nga dui tay chn nh ngi cht. nh, khng c dung nghi (nh
triu), m rt t nhin. Thy ngi mc tang, d quen bit, cng i sc din (t v thng
xt). Thy ngi i mo l v ngi m, tuy thng gp, cng t ra l mo. Ngi xe, thy ngi
i a ma, ng vn vo cy ngang trc xe m ci u cho; thy ngi mang bn quc gia
v s h khu, ng cng lm nh vy. Khi thy (ch nhn dn) tic ln (i mnh) ng i sc
(t v cm ng) ng dy cm t. Khi sm to gi ln, ng bin sc.

X.17

Thng xa, tt chnh lp, chp tuy. Xa trung bt ni c, bt tt ngn, bt thn ch.

Dch.- Khi ln xe th ng ngay ngn, ri nm ly si dy bc ln. Ngi xe, khng quay u

li, khng ni nhanh v khng ch tr.

X.18

Sc t c h, tng nhi hu tp. Vit: Sn lng th tr, thi tai, thi tai! T L cng chi, tam
khu nhi tc.

Dch.- Con chim thy ngi, kinh s bay i (c ngi ging l: thy ngi c v d tn, nn bay
i); n ling my vng (xem chng) ri mi xung. (Khng t) ni: Con tr mi u trn cu
Sn cc kia, bit thi c lm, bit thi c lm! T l chp tay hng v n, n ku ba ting bay
i.

----------------------
Tru: nguyn vn ch Hn l (Thiu Chu c l tu). (Goldfish).

Cu Tt hu tm y, trng nht thn hu bn l do ti ghi thm, nguyn vn ch Hn:

. (Goldfish).

Ct nguyt: ebook ngun chp l: tt. (Goldfish).

Tt t (), c bn chp l qua t (). (Goldfish).

Ebook ngun chp: Vn nh tha bang. (Goldfish).

Theo Nguyn Thin Th th ng th () c ngha l: day u pha ng, mt ng ca

s Bc (). Cch hiu c v hp vi li ging ca Chu Hi: Theo L, ngi bnh nm ca
s pha Bc, vua ti thm th ri sang ca s pha Nam, vua nhn sang pha Nam m hi thm
(theo ch thch trong bi VI.8), v li ging trn trang . (Goldfish).

Nguyn vn bi III.18: T nhp thi miu, mi s vn. Hoc vit: Thc v Tru nhn chi t tri
l h, nhp thi miu, mi s vn. T vn chi, vit: Th l d. Bi X.14 ny ch c cu: Nhp
thi miu, mi s vn. (Goldfish).

Ch dung [] ny, c nh bo l ch khch [], ngha l khng khch kh, m rt t nhin.

Cng: Cc trang ch Hn trn mng chp l (Thiu Chu c l cng, hoc cung), trong
c vi trang bo ch c ngha l cng (ngha l chp tay). (Goldfish).

THIN XI

TIN TIN

XI.1

T vit: Tin tin l nhc, d nhn d; hu tin l nhc, qun t d. Nh dng chi, tc ng
tng tin tin.

Dch.- Khng t ni: V l nhc, ngi i xa b ngi i nay coi l qu ma; v l nhc,
ngi i xa c ngi i nay khen l qun t (ton thin). Dng l nhc th ta theo ngi
xa.

Ch thch. Chng ti theo cch hiu ca Trnh t v Chu t m dch nh trn. Tin tin tr
ngi u i Chu, thi theo Khng t nhc c vn ln cht (tc nh ni dung ln hnh thc
tt). Hu tin tr ngi thi Chu suy, nhc trng vn hn cht. Ngi thi Khng t thch
vn hn cht, nn cho l nhc ngy xa l qu ma, m khen l nhc i sau p . Khng t
ngc li, thch vn hn cht, nn theo l nhc ca ngi xa. C thuyt cho rng tin tin tr
ngi hc l nhc ri mi lm quan, tc hng bnh dn, nh a s cc mn sinh ca Khng.
Hu tin, tr gii qu tc do c quyn m lm quan sm, ri sau mi hc l nhc. Khng t
c dng nhn ti th dng hng trn (bnh dn) tc k s, ch khng dng hng di (qu tc).
Hai ch dng chi [] thuyt ny hiu l dng ngi, ch khng phi dng l nhc nh Trnh,
Chu gii thch. Thuyt ny mi m, cng chp nhn c.

XI.2

T vit: Tng ng Trn, Thi gi, giai bt cp mn d. c hnh: Nhan Uyn, Mn T

Khin, Nhim B Ngu, Trng Cung; ngn ng: T Ng, T Cng; chnh s: Nhim Hu, Qu
L; vn hc: T Du, T H.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Nhng mn sinh theo ta (chu khn) nc Trn, nc Thi, nay khng
cn hc ta na. c Hnh (ng khen nht) c Nhan Uyn, Mn T Khin, Nhim B Ngu,
Trng Cung; gii n ni, t lnh c T Ng, T Cng; gii v chnh tr c Nhim Hu, Qu L;
gii v vn hc c T Du, T H.

Ch thch. on sau t c hnh khng phi l li Khng t. Mi mn sinh k trong

on cha chc u theo Khng t qua Trn v Thi.

XI.3

T vit: Hi d, phi tr ng gi d, ng ngn v s bt duyt.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Anh Hi khng gip ta c iu g, li ging no ca ta, anh y cng
thch. ( ni Nhan Hi khng nghi hoc, cht vn g c, khng gi thm g cho Khng t c).

XI.4

T vit: Hiu tai Mn T Khin! Nhn bt gian k ph mu, cn chi ngn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Anh Mn T Khin tht l hiu thun! Cha m, anh em trong nh u
khen anh hiu thun m ngi ngoi cng nhn vy l ng.

XI.5

Nam Dung tam phc Bch Khu. Khng t d k huynh chi t th chi.

Dch.- Nam Dung a c i c li th Bch Khu. Khng t em con gi anh mnh g cho.

Ch thch. Th Bch Khu trong thin i nh, Kinh Thi, i bo: Ci vt trong ngc Khu
trng, c th mi b i, ch im xu trong li ni, khng th cha c. Khng t khen Nam
Dung bit gi gn li ni. Coi thm bi V.1.

XI.6

Qu Khang t vn: t thc vi hiu hc? Khng t i vit: Hu Nhan hi gi hiu hc, bt
hnh on mnh t h, kim d tc v.

Ch thch. Bi ny nh ht bi VI.2, ch khc bi VI.2 chp l Ai cng hi, v c thm my

ch bt n, bt nh qu sau: Hu Hi gi hiu hc, v my ch: v vn hiu hc d
cui bi. V vy khng cn phi dch li.

XI.7

Nhan Uyn t, Nhan L thnh t chi xa d vi chi quch. T vit: Ti bt ti, dic cc ngn k t
d. L d t hu quan nhi v quch. Ng bt hnh d vi chi quch. D ng tng i phu chi
hu, bt kh hnh d.

Dch.- Nhan Uyn cht, Nhan L (cha Nhan Uyn, m cng l hc tr Khng t) xin chic xe
ca Khng t bn m mua quch chn con. ng bo: N c ti hay bt ti th cng ch l
con thi. Con rut ca ta l L (t l B Ng) cht, cng ch dng quan ( trong) m khng dng
quch cho n ( ngoi). Khng l ta i b, bn xe i m mua quch cho n (Nhan Uyn). Ta
theo sau hng i phu, nn khng l i b.

Ch thch. Khng t c hi lm i phu nc L, lc ny khng lm quan na, nhng vn gi

hm i phu. Ni theo sau hng i phu l ni nhn.

XI.8

Nhan Uyn t, T vit: Y thin tng d, thin tng d!.

Dch.- Nhan Uyn cht. Khng t than: i! Tri hi ta, tri hi ta!.

XI.9

Nhan Uyn t. T khc chi ng. Tng gi vit: T ng h. Vit: Hu ng h? Phi ph

nhn chi vi ng nhi thy v?.

Dch.- Nhan Uyn cht. Khng t khc thm thit. Ngi ( t) theo sau, tha: Thy bi ai thi
qu!. Khng t ni: Bi ai thi qu ? Ta chng v con ngi bi ai th v ai?.

XI.10

Nhan Uyn t, mn nhn dc hu tng chi. T vit: Bt kh. Mn nhn hu tng chi. T vit:
Hi d th d do ph d, d bt c th do t d. Phi ng d, phu nh tam t d.

Dch.- Nhan Uyn cht, mn nhn mun mai tng trng hu. Khng t bo: Khng nn.
Nhng mn nhn vn mai tng trng hu. Khng t bo: Hi coi ta nh cha, m ta khng coi
n nh con c. khng phi ti ta, m ti cc tr y.

Ch thch. Cc sch u ch thch: theo l th tu gia nh ngho giu m mai tng trng hu
hay khng. Nhan Hi nh ngho, m chn ct trng hu l tri l. ng coi Nhan Hi nh con,
chn Nhan Hi nh chn B Ng (coi bi 7) nhng khng tin can thip, cho mn sinh nghe
li Nhan L (cha Nhan Hi) lm vic tri l .

XI.11

Qu L vn s qu thn. T vit: V nng s nhn, yn nng s qu?. Vit: Cm vn t. Vit:

V tri sinh, yn tri t.

Dch.- Qu L hi o th qu thn. Khng t p: Cha bit o th ngi, sao bit c o

th qu thn? Li hi: Con xin mo mui hi v s cht. p: S sng cn cha bit, sao
bit c s cht?.

XI.12

Mn T (Khin) th trc, ngn ngn nh d; T L hng hng nh d; Nhim Hu, T Cng

khn khn nh d. T lc: Nhc Do d, bt c k t nhin.

Dch.- Mn T (Khin) ng hu bn, v mt cung knh, chnh trc; T L c v cng ngh;

Nhim Hu v T Cng c v n ho. Khng t vui v (v mn sinh no cng c t cch c).
(Nhng ng ni): Anh Do (T L) e s bt c k t.

Ch thch. T L hay cy sc mnh ca mnh nn ng khuyn phi phng. Sau T L cht

mt cch v ngha trong mt v bo lon nc V.

XI.13

L nhn vi Trng ph. Mn T Khin vit: Nhng cu qun, nh chi h? H tt ci tc? T

vit: Ph nhn bt ngn, ngn tt hu trng.

Dch.- Nc L nh ct kho Trng ph mi. Mn T Khin bo: Dng ci kho c m tu b

li, khng c sao? H tt phi ct ci mi (cho ph cng, ca). Khng t khen: Cn ngi
t ni, nhng h ni th trng.

XI.14

T vit: Do chi st h vi Khu chi mn?. Mn nhn bt knh T L. T vit: Do d, thng

ng h, v nhp tht d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ting n st ca anh Do sao li ni ln nh Khu ny? ( ni ng

khng a ging n st pht ca T L). V vy m mn sinh coi thng T L. Khng t gii
rng: Hc vn ca anh Do vo hng ln n thm ri, m cha vo ni tht y thi (ngha l
kh lm, ch cha tinh vi thi). Nhng c ngi li hiu: Anh Do ch mi gy n ngoi thm
ch khng phi trong nh (!), coi nhp tht bi 19.

XI.15

T Cng vn: S d Thng d thc hin?. T vit: S d qu, Thng d bt cp. Vit:
Nhin tc S d d?. T vit: Qu do bt cp.

Dch.- T Cng hi: Anh S (T Trng) v anh Thng (T H) ai hn?. Khng t p: S

thi qu m Thng bt cp. Li hi: Nh vy l anh S hn?. p: Thi qu cng nh
bt cp.

XI.16

Qu th ph Chu cng, nhi Cu d vi chi t lim nhi ph ch chi. T vit: Phi ng d, tiu
t minh c nhi cng chi kh d.

Dch.- H Qu giu hn ng Chu cng, th m Cu (Nhim Hu lm gia thn h Qu) cn thu

thu bp cht dn, lm giu thm cho. Khng t ni: N khng phi l mn ca ta na, cc
con nn ni ting (hoc ha nhau) m cng kch n i.

XI.17

Si d ngu, Sm d l, S d tch, Do d ngn.

Dch.- (Cao) Si (T Cao) ngu, Sm (Tng t) tr n, S (T Trng) thin lch, Do (T L)

th lu.

Ch thch. Cu ny cng l li ca Khng t.

XI.18

T vit: Hi d k th h, l khng. T bt th mnh, nhi ha thc yn, c tc l trng.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Anh Hi gn t c o chng, thng ngho i? Anh T (T Cng)

khng an bn lc o m i bun bn, on iu chi thng trng.

Ch thch. Ba ch bt th mnh cc sch ging l: Khng xin php nh nc bun bn.

(Thi bun bn phi xin php quan s ti).

XI.19

T Trng vn thin nhn chi o. T vit: Bt tin tch, dic bt nhp tht.

Dch.- T Trng hi nh th no l ngi thin. Khng t p: Bm tnh tt chng phi hc

tp theo c nhn m cng tt, nhng khng t c mc tinh vi ca h.

Ch thch. C ngi ging: Ngi thin khng ho mnh vi k c, xu xa (bt tin tch) nhng
v khng hc nn khng thng t, khng bit quyn bin.

XI.20

T vit: Lun c th d, qun t gi h? Sc trang gi h?.

Dch.- Khng t ni: m lun th knh cn, ngi nh vy thc l qun t chng? Hay ch
l b ngoi trang trng thi?.

XI.21

T L vn: Vn t hnh ch?. T vit: Hu ph huynh ti, nh chi h k vn t hnh chi?.

Nhim Hu vn: Vn t hnh ch?. T vit: Vn t hnh chi. Cng Ty Hoa vit: Do d
vn: Vn t hnh ch?, T vit: Hu ph huynh ti; Cu d vn: Vn t hnh ch?, T
vit: Vn t hnh chi. Xch d hoc, cm vn?. T vit: Cu d thoi, c tin chi; Do d
kim nhn, c thoi chi.

Dch.- T L hi: Nghe (iu phi) ri th thi hnh lin sao? Khng t p: Cn cha, anh
(phi hi kin cha, anh) sao c th nghe ri lm lin c. Nhim Hu hi: Nghe (iu
phi) ri thi hnh lin sao? Khng t p: Nghe ri th lm lin i. Cng Ty Hoa hi: Anh
Do hi: Nghe ri thi hnh lin sao?, Thy p: Cn cha, anh; anh Cu hi: Nghe ri
thi hnh lin sao?, Thy p: Nghe ri th lm lin i. Xch con cha hiu, xin thy ging
cho. Khng t p: Bn tnh anh Cu khng tin th nn ta phi thc cho tin ti; cn anh
Do, bn tnh dng mnh mun hn ngi nn ta phi ko li li.

XI.22

T y Khung, Nhan Uyn hu. T vit: Ng d nh vi t h. Vit: T ti, Hi h cm t.

Dch.- Khng t b vy thnh Khung (coi bi IX.15), Nhan Uyn lc pha sau. (Ti khi thy
tr gp nhau), Khng t bo: Thy ng anh cht ri ch!. Nhan Uyn p: Thy cn sng,
con u dm cht.

XI.23

Qu t Nhin vn: Trng Do, Nhim Cu kh v i thn d?. T vit: Ng d t vi d chi vn,
tng Do d Cu chi vn. S v i thn gi, d o s qun, bt kh tc ch. Kim Do d Cu d,
kh v c thn h. Vit: Nhin tc tng chi gi d?. T vit: Th ph d qun, dic bt tng
d.

Dch.- Qu t Nhin (mt ngi trong h Qu L) hi: Trng Do v Nhim Cu c th gi l

i thn c khng? Khng t p: Ti tng ng hi v ai kia, khng ng ng hi v anh
Do v anh Cu. Gi l i thn th c theo o l m th vua, khng thi hnh o l c th t
chc. Nhng anh Do v anh Cu c th gi l b ti thng (cho s lm vic thi). Li
hi: Nhng hai ng y cng thun tng vua ch? Khng t p: Nu l git cha, git vua th
h khng theo u.

Ch thch. Lc T L v Nhim Cu lm gia thn cho h Qu.

XI.24

T L s T Cao vi Ph t. T vit: Tc ph nhn chi t. T L vit: Hu dn nhn yn, hu

x tc yn, h tt c th nhin hu vi hc?. T vit: Th c ph nnh gi.

Dch.- T L (lm gia thn h Qu), tin c T Cao lm quan T t Ph. Khng t trch: Nh
vy l lm hi con ngi (v T Cao cha hc c bao, cha lm quan c). T L bo:
(Lm chc t th) c nhn dn tr, c thn x (t ai), tc (ma mng) th, ( l hc),
h tt phi c sch ri mi gi l hc?. Khng t ni: V th m ta ght nhng li li khu
(cng l t bin h).

XI.25

T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu, Cng Ty Hoa th ta. T vit: D ng nht nht trng h nh,
v ng d d. C tc vit: Bt ng tri d. Nh hoc tri nh, tc h d tai? T L sut nh nhi
i vit: Thin thng chi quc, nhip h i quc chi gian, gia chi d s l, nhn chi d c cn,
Do d vi chi, b (hoc t) cp tam nin, kh s hu dng, th tri phng d. Phu t thn chi.
Cu, nh h nh?. i vit: Phng lc tht thp, nh ng lc thp, Cu d vi chi, b cp tam
nin, kh s tc dn. Nh k l nhc, d s qun t. Xch, nh h nh?. i vit: Phi vit nng
chi, nguyn hc yn. Tn miu chi s, nh hi ng, oan chng ph, nguyn vi tiu tng
yn. im, nh h nh?. C st hi, khanh nh, x st nhi tc, i vit: D h tam t gi chi
son. T vit: H thng h? Xch cc ngn k ch d. Vit: M xun gi, xun phc k
thnh, qun gi ng lc nhn, ng t lc tht nhn, dc h Nghi, phong h V Vu, vnh nhi
qui. Phu t v nhin thn vit: Ng d im d. Tam t gi xut, Tng Tch hu. Tng Tch
vit: Ph tam t gi chi ngn h nh?. T vit: Dic cc ngn k ch d d h!. Vit: Phu t
h thn Do d?. Vit: Vi quc d l, k ngn bt nhng, th c thn chi. Vit: Vi quc d l,
k ngn bt phng, th c thn chi- Duy Cu tc phi bang d d? An kin phng lc tht
thp nh ng lc thp, nhi phi bang d gi! - Duy Xch tc phi bang d d? - Tn miu hi
ng, phi ch hu nhi h? Xch d vi chi tiu, thc nng vi chi i?.

Dch.- T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu v Cng Ty Hoa ngi hu. Khng t bo: Cc anh cho
rng ta c ln hn cc anh mt ngy m ngi, nhng ng ngi g c. nh, cc anh thng
ni: Chng ai bit ta. Nu c ngi bit th cc anh em ti g ra dng. T L vi vng p:
V nh mt nc c mt ngn c xe, b p gia hai nc ln, li c thm nn chin tranh, nhn
dn chng i kh; Do ti m cm quyn nc y th va y ba nm c th khin cho dn
chng dng cm m bit o l na. Khng t mm ci. Ri hi: Cu, cn anh th no?
p: Nh c mt nc vung vc, su by chc dm hoc nm su chc dm, Cu ti cm
quyn nc y th va y ba nm c th khin cho dn chng c no . Cn v l nhc th
xin i bc qun t. Xch, cn anh th no?. p: V l nhc ti khng phi gii, nhng
xin c hc. Trong vic t t tn miu hoc trong hi ngh cc ch hu, Xch ti mc o l
huyn oan, i m chng ph m xin lm mt tiu tng.- im, cn anh th no?. Lc
Tng Tch gy n st va ngt, t n xung keng! m ng dy p: Ch ca ti
khc hn vi ba anh . Khng t bo: Hi g? Cng l ai ny t ch ca mnh ra m thi.
Tha: Nh by gi l cui thng xun, y phc ma xun may xong, nm su ngi va tui
i mi vi su by ng t dt nhau i tm sng Nghi ri ln hng mt nn V Vu va i
va ht, ko nhau v nh. Khng t trm ngm mt cht ri than: Ta cng mun nh im
vy. Ba mn sinh i ri, Tng Tch li hi: Thy ngh sao v li ni ca ba anh kia?. p:
Cng u l cho bit ch mnh vy thi. Hi: Nhng ti sao nghe anh Do ni, thy li mm
ci. p: Ngi tr nc phi theo l, anh Do khng bit nhn nhng, nn ta mm ci.
Li hi: Li anh Cu ni chng phi l vic nc sao?. p: Mt a phng vung vc su
by chc dm hay nm su chc dm, chng phi l mt quc gia th l g?. Li hi: Th th
anh Xch chng phi l vic tr nc sao?. Vic tn miu v vic hi ngh chng phi l vic
ch hu l g? Anh Xch khim tn xin d lm tiu tng, vy ch ai lm i tng?.

-----------------------
on thch vn hn cht, nn theo l nhc ca ngi xa. C thuyt cho rng tin tin tr
l do ti tm chp thm. Xin ni thm l, theo thuyt , hai ch d nhn () tr gii bnh
dn, hai ch qun t () tr gii qu tc cm quyn. (Tham kho: ). (Goldfish).

Ch mn nhn v ch mn nhn sau, ebook ngun chp l mn sinh. (Goldfish).

Hoc (): c bn chp l cm (). (Goldfish).

on Thy p: Cn cha, anh; anh Cu hi: Nghe ri thi hnh lin sao? l do ti ghi
thm. (Goldfish).

on sau y l do ti chp thm: Tng Tch hu. Tng Tch vit: Ph tam t gi chi ngn h
nh?. T vit: Dic cc ngn k ch d d h!. Vit: Phu t h thn Do d?. Vit: Vi quc
d l. (Goldfish).

Li ni nhn. Trong s mn , Tng Tch (cha Tng Sm) chc khng nh ti hn Khng
t bao nhiu.

Tc mt nc ch hu trung bnh khng vo hng nh.

Tc mt ch hu nh.

Mt chc quan nh coi vic l.

Nguyn vn: K thnh, c sch ging l mc xong.

Nguyn vn: qun gi, ngha l ngi lm l i m (l gia quan): thanh nin ti 20 tui th
lm l .

Sng Nghi L - V Vu l mt ci n t, cao trng, mt m.

on: p: Ngi tr nc phi theo l, anh Do khng bit nhng nhng, nn ta mm ci

l do ti tm ghi thm. (Goldfish).

Tng Tch c cho Nhim Cu v Cng Ty Hoa cng khng khim tn v mun tr nc.
Nhng Khng t ch thi ca T L, ch khng ch ch hng ca ai c, mc d ng thch
ch hng ca Tng Tch hn. Bi ny l bi di nht m cng l mt bi hay nht trong Lun
ng. Chng ti ph bnh trong cun C vn Trung Quc trang 24-25. Tao n xut bn
1966).
 THIN XII

NHAN UYN
XII.1

Nhan Uyn vn nhn. T vit: Khc k phc l vi nhn. Nht nht khc k phc l, thin h qui
nhn yn. Vi nhn do k, nhi do nhn h tai? Nhan Uyn vit: Thnh vn k mc. T vit:
Phi l vt th, phi l vt thnh, phi l vt ngn, phi l vt ng. Nhan Uyn vit: Hi tuy bt
mn, thnh s t ng h.

Dch.- Nhan Uyn hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Khc k (ch thng t dc) m tr v l (o

l) th l nhn. Mt ngy khc k tr v l, th khp thin h s khen c nhn ca mnh (c sch
ging l s b mnh cm ho m theo c nhn). Lm iu nhn l do mnh, ch u c do
ngi? Nhan Uyn hi tip: Xin thy ch cho con nhng iu mc ( thc hnh). Khng t
bo: Ci g khng hp l th ng nhn, khng hp l th ng nghe, khng hp l th ng ni,
khng hp l th ng lm. Nhan Uyn tha: Hi con tuy khng minh mn cng xin theo li
thy dy.

Ch thch. Nhn l rt cng tm, hnh ng theo o l, theo ngha, cho nn khc k phc l l
nhn.

XII.2

Trng Cung vn nhn. T vit: Xut mn nh kin i tn, s dn nh tha i t. K s bt

dc, vt thi nhn. Ti bang v on, ti gia v on. Trng Cung vit: Ung tuy bt mn, thnh
s t ng h.

Dch.- Trng Cung hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Ra khi ca th (phi nghim trang) nh

gp khch qu; sai khin dn th phi thn trng nh trong mt cuc l ln, ci g mnh khng
mun th ng lm cho ngi. Trong nc khng ai on mnh, trong nh mt i phu khng
ai on mnh. Trng Cung tha: Ung con tuy khng minh mn cng xin theo li thy.

XII.3

T M Ngu vn nhn. T vit: Nhn gi, k ngn d nhn. Vit: K ngn d nhn, t v chi
nhn h h? T vit: Vi chi nan, ngn chi c v nhn h?.

Dch.- T M Ngu hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Ngi c c nhn th bit nhn li. Li

hi: Bit nhn li m thnh ngi c c nhn ?. p: Lm th kh, (ni th d), vy chng
nn nhn khi mnh mun ni sao?.

Ch thch. T M Ngu, h T M, tn Canh, t T Ngu, ngi nc Tng, hc tr Khng

t, c tnh hay ni v nng ny, cho nn Khng t khuyn nh vy. l cch tu bnh m ra
toa.

XII.4
T M Ngu vn qun t. T vit: Qun t bt u bt c. Vit: Bt u bt c, t v chi qun
t h h?. T vit: Ni tnh bt cu, ph h u h c.

Dch.- T M Ngu hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Ngi qun t th khng lo, khng

s. Li hi: Khng lo, khng s m thnh ngi qun t . p: T xt mnh khng c
iu g ng xu h th cn s ni g?

XII.5

T M Ngu u vit: Nhn giai hu huynh , ng c v. T H vit: Thng vn chi h:

T sinh hu mnh, ph qu ti thin. Qun t knh nhi v tht, d nhn cung nhi hu l. T hi
chi ni giai huynh d. Qun t h hon h v huynh d.

Dch.- T M Ngu ru r bo: Ai cng c anh em, duy c ti l khng?. T H bo:

Thng ti nghe ni: Sng cht c s, ph qu do tri. Ngi qun t nghim tc m khng
tht th, giao thip vi ai m cung cn m l . Nh vy th ngi trong bn b u l anh em
ca mnh. Ngi qun t lo g khng c anh em.

Ch thch. C sch bo cu: T sinh hu mnh, ph qu ti thin l li ca Khng t nn

dch: Thng ti nghe thy ni Thi xa ngi Trung Hoa cho rng nc h bn bn l bin
bao vy, cho nn gi Trung Hoa l hi ni, ngoi quc l hi ngoi.

XII.6

T Trng vn minh. T vit: Tm nhun chi trm, phu th chi t, bt hnh yn, kh v minh d
d h. Tm nhun chi trm, phu th chi t, bt hnh yn, kh v vin d d h.

Dch.- T Trng hi th no l sng sut. Khng t p: Nhng li gim pha thm nhun mi
ngy mt cht, nhng li vu co nh m vo da tht, nhng li nu khng tc ng g n ta
th c th gi l sng sut. Nhng li gim pha thm nhun mi ngy mt cht, nhng li vu co
nh m vo da tht, nhng li nu khng tc ng g n ta th c th gi l bit nhn xa.

XII.7

T Cng vn chnh. T vit: Tc thc, tc binh, dn tn chi h. T Cng vit: Tt bt c d

nhi kh, t tam gi h tin? Vit: Kh binh. T Cng vit : Tt bt c d nhi kh, t nh
gi h tin? Vit: Kh thc, t c giai hu t, dn v tn bt lp.

Dch.- T Cng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Lng thc cho , binh b cho , dn tin
chnh quyn. T Cng hi: Trong ba iu , nu bt c d phi b mt, th b iu no
trc? p: Binh b. T Cng li hi: Trong hai iu cn li, nu bt c d phi b mt
na, th b iu no trc? p: B lng thc. T xa vn c ngi cht, nu dn khng tin
chnh quyn th chnh quyn phi .

XII.8
Cc T Thnh vit: Qun t cht nhi d h, h d vn vi? T Cng vit: Tch h! Phu t chi
thuyt qun t d. T bt cp thit. Vn do cht d, cht do vn d. H bo chi quch do khuyn
dng chi quch .

Dch.- Cc T Thnh (mt i phu nc V) bo: Ngi qun t ch ci cht tt l , cn chi

ti vn?. T Cng ni: Tic thay ngi lun v qun t (lm ln) nh vy. Mt li tht ra, bn
nga ui khng kp. Vn cng nh cht, cht cng nh vn (quan trng nh nhau). Da cp da
beo m co lp lng i th cng nh da ch da cu vy thi. (Ngha l cht (da) m khng c
vn (lng) th km gi tr).

Ch thch. Sch Thuyt vn dch ngha quch [] l da co lng ri, v vy m nhiu nh

hiu nh chng ti dch. Nhng c ngi bo quch ch c ngha l da, d cn lng hay co ri,
v hiu li T Cng nh sau: vn v cht quan trng nh nhau, vn nh da con cp con beo, cht
nh da con ch con cu, my th da u hu dng c. T bt cp thit T [] vn c
ngha l xe thng bn con nga.

XII.9

Ai cng vn Hu Nhc vit: Nin c, dng bt tc, nh chi h? Hu Nhc i vit: Hp

trit h? Vit: Nh, ng do bt tc, nh chi h k trit d. i vit: B tnh tc, qun thc d
bt tc? B tnh bt tc, qun thc d tc?.

Dch.- Vua (L) Ai cng hi Hu Nhc: Nm nay mt ma, thu khng tiu lm sao by
gi? Hu Nhc p: Sao khng thu thu theo php trit (tc mi phn thu mt)? Bo:
Mi phn thu hai cn khng tiu, hung h cn thu theo php trit. p: Trm h no
th lm sao nh vua thiu c? Trm h thiu thn th lm sao nh vua c? (C ngi
dch l: Dn no th vua thiu thn vi ai?...).

XII.10

T Trng vn sng c, bin hoc. T vit: Ch trung tn, t ngha, sng c d. i chi, dc k
sinh, chi dc k t, k dc k sinh, hu dc k t, th hoc d.

Dch.- T Trng hi th no l tn sng c hnh v khng m hoc. Khng t p: Ly

trung tn thnh thc lm ch, iu g khng hp ngha th sa i, nh vy l tn sng c hnh.
Khi yu th mun ngi ta sng, khi ght th mun ngi ta cht, nh vy l m hoc.

Ch thch. Cui bi ny cn hai cu Thnh bt d ph, dic k d d trong Kinh Thi, Tiu
Nh, thin Ng hnh kd dn lm vo y, nn cc sch u b.

XII.11

T Cnh cng vn chnh Khng t. Khng t i vit: Qun qun, thn thn, ph ph, t t.
Cng vit: Thin tai! Tn nh qun bt qun, thn bt thn, ph bt ph, t bt t, tuy hu tc,
ng c nhi thc ch.
Dch.- T Cnh cng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Vua lm ht o vua, b ti ht o b
ti, cha ht o cha, con ht o con. Cnh cng khen: Hay tht! Nu vua khng ra vua, b
ti khng ra b ti, cha khng ra cha, con khng ra con, th du c la, ta chc g n c?.

XII.12

T vit: Phin ngn kh d chit ngc gi, k Do d d?. T L v tc nc.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ch nghe li ging ca mt bn m c th phn quyt c vic kin tng
(hoc vic quan), l anh Do chng? T L ha iu g th lm ngay.

Ch thch. Mun phn quyt vic kin tng th ai cng phi nghe li trnh by ca hai bn. Ti
sao T L ch nghe mt bn m phn quyt c? Ngi vit bi ny, sau khi chp li Khng t,
ging: V T L gi ch tn, cm ho c mi ngi, nn khng ai ni di vi ng, khai vi
ng iu g, tt phi ng, v vy ng khng phi nghe li trnh by ca pha bn kia na. Cn
mt cch hiu khc na: Phin ngn khng phi l T L nghe li trnh by ca mt bn, m
l T L ch ni ra na li, cha ht cu, ngi ta tin phc ri, vic gii quyt xong ri.

XII.13

T vit: Thnh tng, ng do nhn d; tt d, s v tng h?.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Xt kin th ta cng nh ngi khc thi; phi lm sao (dy dn phi bit
ngha v nhng nhn) cho dn khng kin nhau (th mi lm ch!).

XII.14

T Trng vn chnh. T vit: C chi v quyn, hnh chi d trung.

Dch.- T trng hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Gi chc v th khng mt, khng chn,
chp hnh chnh lnh th trung thnh.

XII.15

Bi ny trng vi bi VI.25.

XII.16

T vit: Qun t thnh nhn chi m, bt thnh nhn chi c. Tiu nhn phn th.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t gip ngi lm vic thin, khng gip ngi lm iu c
(gip ngi thnh ngi tt, khng gip ngi thnh xu). Tiu nhn tri li.

XII.17

Qu Khang t vn chnh Khng t. Khng t i vit: Chnh gi, chnh d. T sut d chnh,
thc cm bt chnh.

Dch.- Qu Khang t hi Khng t v chnh tr. Khng t p: Chnh tr l chnh nh (ngay

thng). ng lnh o dn mt chnh sch chnh nh th ai dm khng chnh nh.

XII.18

Qu Khang t hon o, vn Khng t. Khng t i vit: Cu t chi bt dc, tuy thng chi
bt thit.

Dch.- Qu Khang t lo nn trm cp, hi cch tr. Khng t p: Nu ng khng c lng

tham, d c thng h, h cng khng trm cp.

XII.19

Qu Khang t vn chnh Khng t, vit: Nh st v o d tu hu o, h nh. Khng t

i vit: T vi chnh yn dng st? T dc thin nhi dn thin h. Qun t chi c phong, tiu
nhn chi c tho. Tho thng chi phong tt yn.

Dch.- Qu Khang t hi Khng t v php tr dn: Git k v o (c c) cho k khc

thnh hu o (lng thin) chng? Khng t p: ng tr dn cn g phi dng bin php
git ngi? ng mun thin th dn s ha thin. c hnh ca ngi qun t (ngi tr dn)
nh gi, m c hnh ca dn nh c. Gi thi th c tt rp xung.

XII.20

T Trng vn: S h nh t kh v chi t h? T vit: H tai, nh s v t gi. T Trng

i vit: Ti bang tt vn, ti gia tt vn. T vit: Th vn d, phi t d. Ph t d gi, cht
trc nhi hiu ngha, st ngn nhi quan sc, l d h nhn, ti bang tt t, ti gia tt t. Ph vn
d gi, sc th nhn nhi hnh vi, c chi bt nghi, ti bang tt vn, ti gia tt vn.

Dch.- T Trng hi: K s (k lm quan) nh th no th c th gi l t? Khng t hi li:

Theo anh, t l th no? T Trng p: Lm quan mt nc c ting tm, lm gia thn
cho mt nc c ting tm. Khng t bo: Nh vy l ting tm ch khng phi t. Ngi
t th cht phc chnh trc m thch lm iu ngha, bit xt li ni, quan st nt mt ca ngi
khc (m hiu tm h), bit suy ngh khim nhng di ngi: nh vy lm quan mt nc
s t, lm gia thn cho mt i phu s t. Cn ngi c ting tm th b ngoi lm b
nhn c m hnh vi tri nhn c, th m vn tin chc rng mnh nhn c. Nh vy lm quan
mt nc s c ting tm, lm gia thn mt i phu s c ting tm.

XII.21

Phn Tr tng du V Vu chi h, vit: Cm vn sng c, tu thc, bin hoc. T vit: Thin
tai vn! Tin s, hu c, phi sng c d? Nht triu chi phn, vong k thn d cp k thn, phi
hoc d?

Dch.- Phn Tr tn b vi Khng t chn n V Vu, tha: Con xin hi thy th no l tn

sng c hnh, tr ci xu trong lng, khng m hoc? Khng t p: Cu hi hay! Lm
iu lnh trc ri mi lm kt qu, nh vy khng phi l tn sng c hnh sao? T trch
li ca mnh, m khng trch li ca ngi, nh vy khng phi l tr ci xu trong lng sao?
Trong mt lc tc gin m qun mt mnh i, lin lu cha m, nh vy khng phi l m hoc
sao?

XII.22

Phn Tr vn nhn. T vit: i nhn. Vn tr. T vit: Tri nhn. Phn Tr v t. T vit: C
trc th ch ung, nng s ung gi trc. Phn Tr thoi kin T H, vit: Hng d, ng kin
phu t nhi vn tr. T vit: C trc th ch ung, nng s ung gi trc, h v d? T H
vit: Ph tai ngn h! Thun hu thin h, tuyn chng, c Cao Dao, bt nhn gi vin h.
Thang hu thin h, tuyn chng, c Y Don, bt nhn gi vin h.

Dch.- Phn Tr hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Yu ngi. Hi v c tr, p: Bit

ngi. Phn Tr cha hiu r, Khng t ging thm: bt ngi chnh trc ln trn ngi
cong queo th c th khin cho ngi cong queo ho ra chnh trc. Phn Tr lui ra, kim T H
hi: Mi ri, ti v yt kin thy, hi v tr. Thy bo: bt ngi chnh trc ln trn ngi
cong queo th c th khin cho ngi cong queo ho ra chnh trc. Nh vy ngha l sao?. T
H p: Li thy hm sc lm. ng Thun khi c thin h (ln ngi thin t) tuyn chn trong
dn chng m bt ng Cao Dao, m nhng k bt nhn u xa lnh. ng Thang khi c thin
h, tuyn chn trong dn chng m bt ng Y Don, m nhng k bt nhn u xa lnh.

Ch thch. Cao Dao l hin thn vua Thun. Y Don l hin thn vua Thang.

XII.23

T Cng vn hu. T vit: Trung co nhi thin o chi, bt kh tc ch, v t nhc yn.

Dch.- T Cng hi v cch c x vi bn b. Khng t p: (Bn c li) th trung thnh bo

bn v kho lo khuyn rn, bn b khng nghe th thi ng ni na mang nhc.

XII.24

Tng T vit: Qun t d vn hi hu, d hu ph nhn.

Dch.- Tng T ni: Ngi qun t dng vn chng hp bn, dng bn gip nhau tin
ln c nhn.

--------------------
Trng Cung tc Nhim Ung c Khng t khen l c th lm vua c.

Bi ny cng nh bi XII.20 ni v chnh tr. Ch gia [] ny khng phi l nh ca Trng

Cung m l nh ca mt i phu. Cc i phu thi nh ba h Mnh, Thc, Qu L c p
ring, c thnh tr, qun i ring, gn nh c mt triu nh ring, quan li ca h l gia thn
ca h. V p ca h gn nh mt nc nh trong mt nc ln hn l L. (Bi VI.1) Khng t
ging v nhn theo phng din chnh tr. Nhn y l knh cn, thy trng, ngh ti dn.
 Cc: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Ch ny trong Trang T v Nam Hoa Kinh, thin Tiu Dao
Du, c Nguyn Hin L c l Cch (ng Cch) v ch gii: ch cc l gai y c l cch;
cn c Nguyn Duy Cn th c l Cc. (Goldfish).

T (), c bn chp l (). (Goldfish).

Cu ny cng nh cu tin nan nhi hu hoch trong bi VI.20. Nn so snh bi ny vi bi

XII.10.

THIN XIII

T L
XIII.1

T L vn chnh. T vit: Tin chi, lao chi. Thnh ch. Vit: V quyn.

Dch.- T L hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Phi lm trc nhng cng vic ca dn, phi
kh nhc v dn. T L xin thy ging thm. ng ni: Lm khng bit mt.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: Phi lm trc cng vic thin lm gng cho dn. C ngi
bo ch [] c l lo, v dch: phi v v an i dn.

XIII.2

Trng Cung vi Qu th t, vn chnh. T vit: Tin hu ti, x tiu qu, c hin ti. Vit: Yn
tri hin ti nhi c chi?. Vit: C nh s tri. Nh s bt tri, nhn k x ch?.

Dch.- Trng Cung lm quan t cho h Qu, hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: ch thn thng
sut cc vin hu ti (cc vin chc di quyn quan t), tha nhng li nh ca h, bt nhng
ngi hin ti. Trng Cung li hi: Lm sao bit c ngi hin ti m bt?. p: C
bt nhng ngi anh bit, cn nhng ngi anh khng bit th ngi khc l no b h (m
khng gii thiu)?.

XIII.3

T L vit: V qun i t nhi vi chnh, t tng h tin? T vit: Tt d chnh danh h?. T
L vit: Hu th tai, t chi vu d, h k chnh. T vit: D tai, Do d! Qun t k s bt tri,
ci khuyt nh d. Danh bt chnh tc ngn bt thun, ngn bt thun tc s bt thnh, s bt
thnh tc l nhc bt hng, l nhc bt hng tc hnh pht bt trng, hnh pht bt trng, tc dn
v s th th tc. C qun t danh chi tt kh ngn d; ngn chi tt kh hnh d. Qun t k
ngn, v s cu nhi d h.

Dch.- T L hi: Nu vua V m gi thy li m nh thy coi chnh s th thy lm vic g

trc? Khng t p: Tt phi chnh danh trc ht chng?.
T L ni: Vy ? Li thy vu khot ri. Sao li phi chnh danh?. Khng t ni: Do, anh
tht th thin. Ngi qun t c iu g khng bit th khng ni by. Nu danh (hiu) khng
chnh (xc) th li ni khng thun l (v danh hiu khng hp thc t); li ni khng thun th s
vic khng thnh; s vic khng thnh th l nhc, ch khng kin lp c; l nhc, ch
khng kin lp c th hnh pht khng trng; hnh pht khng trng th dn u bit t tay
chn vo u (khng bit lm th no cho phi). Cho nn ngi qun t dng ci danh g th
tt ni ra c (ni phi thun l); ni iu g th tt phi lm c. i vi li ni, ngi
qun t khng th cu th c.

Ch thch. Thi vua V l Xut Cng Trip, chng c vi cha. (cha Trip l Khoi Qu
chng Nam T - m Khoi Qu v dm lon; m Trip li c Nam T a ln lm vua c
Khoi Qu). Nh vy l cha khng ra cha, con khng ra con, vua khng ra vua, ti khng ra ti,
danh khng chnh. Khng t mun ni rng, vic u tin phi xin thin t nh Chu lp mt
cng t khc lm vua V, cho danh chnh ngn thun ri nc mi yn.

XIII.4

Phn Tr thnh hc gi. T vit: Ng bt nh lo nng. Thnh hc vi ph. Vit: Ng bt nh

lo ph.

Phn Tr xut. T vit: Tiu nhn tai, Phn Tu d! Thng hiu l, tc dn mc cm bt knh;
thng hiu ngha, tc dn mc cm bt phc; thng hiu tn, tc dn mc cm bt dng tnh.
Ph nh th, tc t phng chi dn cng ph k t nhi ch h, yn dng gi?.

Dch.- Phn Tr xin hc lm rung. Khng t bo: Ta khng bng mt nng dn gi. Li xin
hc lm vn. Khng t bo: Ta khng bng mt ngi lm vn gi.

Phn Tr ra ri, Khng t ni: Phn Tu (tc Phn Tr) b lu thay! Ngi trn ham iu l th
dn khng dm khng knh; ngi trn ham lm iu ngha th dn khng dm khng phc tng;
ngi trn ham c thnh tn th dn khng dm khng trung trc. c nh vy th dn bn
phng s chu, cng con m ti, h tt phi hc lm rung.

XIII.5

T vit: Tng thi tam bch, th chi d chnh, bt t; s t phng, bt nng chuyn i. Tuy
a, dic h d vi?.

Dch. Khng t ni: c ba trm thin Kinh Thi, giao cho vic chnh tr m lm khng nn;
sai i s bn phng m khng bit ng i, nh vy c nhiu lm g?.

XIII.6

T vit: K thn chnh, bt lnh nhi hnh; k thn bt chnh, tuy lnh bt tng.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Mnh m chnh ng (ngay thng, ng hong), d khng ra lnh, dn
cng theo; mnh khng chnh ng, tuy ra lnh, dn cng chng theo.
 XIII.7

T vit: L V chi chnh, huynh d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Chnh tr ca nc L v nc V ging nhau nh anh em.

Ch thch. Vua L l hu du ca Chu Cng, vua V l hu du ca Khang Thc, m Chu

Cng v Khang Thc l anh em rut, Nhng chng ta khng bit Khng t mun ch hai nc
L, V thi ng l suy lon nh nhau (nc V thi qu suy); hay mun khen hai nc y
cn gi c truyn thng c, v vn ha, c hi vng ci thin c, v vy m ng trc sau
nm ln ti V, mun gip V? C theo bi VI.22 ng khen L, th bi ny cng c th ng khen
na.

XIII.8

T v V cng t Kinh thin c tht. Thy hu, vit: Cu hp h. Thiu hu, vit: Cu hon
h. Ph hu, vit: Cu m h.

Dch.- Khng t khen cng t Kinh nc V l kho tnh vic nh (kim tin thi tc). Khi mi c
ca ci, cng t Kinh bo: Tm cho l c ca ri; khi tng ln mt cht, bo: Tm ri;
khi giu c, bo: K nh tt p qu ri.

XIII.9

T thch V, Nhim Hu bc. T vit: Th h tai!. Nhim Hu vit: K th h, hu h gia

yn?. Vit: Ph chi. Vit: K ph h, hu h gia yn?. Vit: Gio chi.

Dch.- Khng t ti nc V, Nhim Hu nh xe. Khng t ni: Dn ng nh?. Nhim Hu

hi: ng dn ri th (nh cm quyn) phi lm g thm na?. p: Lm cho dn giu.
Hi: Dn giu ri, phi lm g thm na?. p: Gio ho dn.

XIII.10

T vit: Cu hu dng ng gi, c nguyt nhi d kh d, tam nin hu thnh.

Dch.- Khng t ni: C ai dng ta (cm quc chnh) th mt nm cng k kh, ba nm s

thnh cng.

XIII.11

T vit: Thin nhn vi bang bch nin, dic kh d thng tn kh st h. Thnh tai th ngn d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: C nhn c cu: Nu c ngi thin lin tc tr nc trong sut mt
trm nm th c th khin k tn bo thun phc m b hnh pht chm git. Li y rt ng.

XIII.12
T vit : Nh hu vng gi, tt th nhi hu nhn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Nh c bc thnh nhn lm thin t th phi mt mt i (30 nm) th mi

ngi mi c nhn o c.

XIII.13

T vit: Cu chnh k thn h, tng chnh h h hu? Bt nng chnh k thn, nh chnh nhn
h?.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Nu gi thn mnh cho oan chnh th tng s chnh tr c g kh? Khng
gi thn mnh cho oan chnh th lm sao sa cho ngi khc oan chnh c?.

Ch thch. Bi ny ngha nh bi XIII.

XIII.14

Nhim T thoi triu, T vit: H n d? i vit: Hu chnh. T vit: K s d. Nh hu

chnh, tuy bt ng d, ng k d vn chi.
Dch.- Nhim t triu nh (triu nh ring ca h Qu) v. Khng t hi: Sao v tr vy?.
C vic quyt chnh. Khng t ni: Ta ng ch l gia s (ca h Qu). Nu vic quc chnh
th tuy ta khng ti chc, tt cng c d nghe.

XIII.15

nh cng vn: Nht ngn nhi kh d hng bang, hu ch?. Khng t i vit: Ngn bt kh
d nhc th k c d. Nhn chi ngn vit: Vi qun nan, vi thn bt d. Nh tri vi qun chi nan
d, bt c h nht ngn nhi hng bang h. Vit: Nht ngn nhi tng bang, hu ch?. Khng
t i vit: Ngn bt kh d nhc th k c d. Nhn chi ngn vit: D v lc h vi qun, duy
k ngn, nhi mc d vi d. Nh k thin, nhi mc chi vi d, bt dic thin h? Nh bt thin nhi
mc chi vi d, bt c h nht ngn nhi tng bang h?.

Dch.- Vua nh cng nc L hi: Mt li ni c th lm cho nc nh hng thnh, c vy

sao? Khng t p: Li ni khng hn c tc ng c nh vy, c th gn c vy. (V
d) ngi i ni: Lm vua kh, lm b ti khng d. Nu bit lm vua kh (m phi ht sc
cn thn) th mt li ni c h chng lm cho nc nh hng thnh c y ?. Vua nh
cng li ni: Mt li ni c th lm cho mt nc, c vy khng?. Khng t p: Li ni
khng hn c tc ng c nh vy, c th gn c vy. (V d) ngi i ni: Ta lm vua
chng c g vui c, ngoi ci vui ny, ta ni ra khng ai dm tri li ta. Vua ni li phi m
khng ai dm tri li th chng hay lm sao? Nhng nu vua ni iu quy m khng ai dm tri
li th c h mt li ni chng lm cho mt nc y ?.

XIII.16

Dip cng vn chnh. T vit: Cn gi duyt, vin gi lai.

Dch.- Quan lnh don huyn Dip (nc S) hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: Phi lm sao
cho ngi gn vui lng, ngi xa qui phc.

XIII.17

T H vi C Ph t, vn chnh. T vit: V dc tc, v kin tiu li. Dc tc tc bt t. Kin

tiu li tc i s bt thnh.

Dch.- T H lm quan t p C Ph, hi v php tr dn. Khng t p: ng mun mau

thnh, ng ch nhn ci li nh. Mun mau thnh th khng t mc ch, ch nhn ci li nh
th vic ln khng thnh.

XIII.18

Dip cng ng Khng t vit: Ng ng hu Trc Cung gi, k ph nhng ng nhi t chng
chi. Khng t vit: Ng ng chi trc gi d th. Ph v t n, t v ph n, trc ti k trung
h.

Dch.- Quan lnh don huyn Dip ni vi Khng t: Lng ti c mt ngi ngay thng tn l
Trc Cung, cha bt trm cu, con i t co. Khng t ni: Ngi ngay thng lng ti khc
vy. Cha giu ti cho con, con giu ti cho cha, s ngay thng ch .

XIII.19

Phn Tr vn nhn. T vit: C x cung, chp s knh, d nhn trung. Tuy chi di ch, bt kh
kh d.

Dch.- Phn Tr hi v c nhn. Khng t p: Khi nhn c phi nghim cung, khi lm vic
phi nghim trang, cn thn, giao thip vi ai phi trung thc. D ti nc di dch cha cha
khai ho, cng khng th b ba iu y.

XIII.20

T Cng vn vit: H nh t kh v chi s h?. T vit: Hnh k hu s, s t phng, bt

phc qun mnh, kh v s h. Vit: Cm vn k th. Vit: Tn tc xng hiu yn, hng
ng xng yn. Vit: Cm vn k th. Vit: Ngn tt tn, hnh tt qu, khanh khanh nhin
tiu nhn tai! c dic kh d vi th h. Vit: Kim chi tng chnh gi h nh?. T vit: Y!
u sao chi nhn, h tc ton d.

Dch.- T Cng hi: Th no ng gi l k s (k ra lm quan). Khng t p: Hnh vi

ca mnh th bit h thn (khng lm iu xu); i bn phng th khng lm nhc mnh vua;
nh vy c th gi l k s. Li hi: Xin thy cho hng thp hn na. Khng t ni: H
hng khen l hiu, lng xm khen l . Li hi: Xin thy cho hng thp hn na. Khng t
ni: Li ni nht nh phi tn thc, hnh vi nht nh phi qu quyt (khng xt xem l c nn
khng), nh vy tuy sc cnh, c chp, hp hi, nhng cng ng l k s bc thp. Li hi:
Nhng ngi tng chnh hin nay ra sao?. Khng t ni: i! Hng ngi kh nh nhen
nh ci u, ci sao (mt phn nm hay mt na ci u) y, ng k g!.
 XIII.21

T vit: Bt c trung hng nhi d chi, tt d cung quyn h! Cung gi tin th, quyn gi
hu s bt vi d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Khng c hng ngi trung chnh (theo trung o) truyn o (hoc
giao thip) th tm hng ngi cung phng hoc cn hu gi tit tho vy. Ngi cung
phng c tinh thn tin th, ngi cn hu gi tit tho th khng chu lm iu xu.

XIII.22

T vit: Nam nhn hu ngn vit: Nhn nhi v hng, bt kh d tc vu y. Thin ph! Bt
hng k c, hoc tha chi tu. T vit: Bt chim nhi d h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi phng Nam c cu: Ngi no khng c hng tm (tm tnh hay
thay i) th khng th lm thy cng, thy thuc c. Li phi lm! Qu Hng (trong
Kinh Dch, ho 3), c cu: Khng gi c c hng (m hay thay i tm , tho th) th
thng b h thn. Khng t ni: (Cu c khuyn ngi no khng c c hng tm th)
ng nn coi qu l hn.

XIII.23

T vit: Qun t ha nhi bt ng, tiu nhn ng nhi bt ha.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ho hp nhng khng a dua, k tiu nhn a dua m khng
ho hp.

Ch thch. Ch Ho [] (ho hp) c ngha l a kin ca mnh ra, gp vi kin ca

ngi bn bc vi nhau ri tin ti s thng nht. ng [] l: ph ho vi ngi, ngi
ni sao mnh cng ni theo, ch khng dm a kin ca mnh ra cng nhau bn bc. C
ngi hiu khc: Ngi qun t giao tip vi ngi th gi nim ho lc nhng chng ng tnh
trong vic quy, k tiu nhn giao tip vi ngi th ng tnh trong vic quy nhng chng gi
nim ho lc. Hiu nh vy cng c l, nhng ngha khng su sc nh trn. Chng ta li nn
ch : ngy nay t ng ho nhi bt ng thng dng mt ngha hi khc: ch trng (chng
hn v chnh tr, tn gio) ca mnh vi ngi khc nhau th mnh cng khng kch ngi,
vn tm cch hp tc vi ngi c, vn ho vi ngi (v hai bn cng theo ui mt mc
ch c) m vn khng thay i ch trng ca mnh (bt ng).

XIII.24

T Cng vn vit: Hng nhn giai hiu chi, h nh?. T vit: V kh d. - Hng nhn
giai chi, h nh? T vit: V kh d, bt nh hng nhn chi thin gi hiu chi, k bt thin
gi chi.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Mi ngi trong lng u a, ngi ra sao?. Khng t p: Cha
hn l ngi tt. (Li hi): Mi ngi trong lng u ght, ngi ra sao?. Khng t p:
Cha hn l ngi xu. Khng bng ngi m tt trong lng u a, nhng ngi xu trong
lng u ght.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu: Mi ngi trong lng, ta u a, hoc mi mnh trong lng ta u
ght, khng bng la nhng ngi tt trong lng m a, nhng ngi xu trong lng m ght.
Cch hiu ny v l: ght mi ngi trong lng th vi ai? Khng th c trng hp c.

XIII.25

T vit: Qun t d s nhi nan duyt d. Duyt chi bt d o, bt duyt d; cp k s nhn d,

kh chi. Tiu nhn nan s nhi d duyt d. Duyt chi tuy bt d o duyt d; cp k s nhn d,
cu b yn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t d phng s m kh lm cho vui lng. Khng dng chnh
o ly lng h th h khng vui lng; n khi sai khin ngi th h tu theo ti nng mi
ngi m giao vic. K tiu nhn kh phng s m d lm vui lng. Khng dng chnh o
ly lng h, h cng vui lng; n khi sai khin ngi th h trch b cu ton.

XIII.26

T vit: Qun t thi nhi bt kiu, tiu nhn kiu nhi bt thi.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t th thi m khng kiu cng, k tiu nhn kiu cng m
khng th thi.

XIII.27

T vit: cng ngh, mc nt, cn nhn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Cng cng, qu cm, cht phc, n ni chm chp th gn vi c
nhn.

XIII.28

T L vn vit: H nh t kh v chi s h. T vit: Thit thit, t t, di di nh d, kh v s h.

Bng hu thit thit, t t , huynh di di.

Dch.- T L hi: Th no th c th gi l k s?. Khng t p: Thit tha khuyn nh, v

ho vui, th c th gi l k s. Bn b th thit tha khuyn nh nhau, anh em th ho vui vi
nhau.

Ch thch. K s trong bi XIII.20 l k s ra lm quan. K s trong bi ny c th cha ra lm

quan.

XIII.29

T vit: Thin nhn gio dn tht nin, dic kh d tc nhung h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Bc thin nhn (ngi cm quyn tt) dy dn by nm th c th dng
dn vo vic chin u c.

XIII.30

T vit: D bt gio dn chin, th v kh chi.

Dch.- Khng t ni: a dn khng c dy d ra nh gic, tc l b dn.

Ch thch. Trong hai bi cui ny, ch gio [] c ngha l dy dn v chin thut, canh
nng, nht l o lm ngi, lm dn na, cho nn mi lu ti by nm. Dn c bit yu ngi
thn, hi sinh cho ngi trn th mi hng hi chin u; c bit lm rung khi khng phi giao
chin th mi t tc c, khng thiu thn (thi dng chnh sch ng binh nng). Mt nh
vn , Alberto Moravia, trong cun La Rvolution culturelle de Mao (Flammarion 1968) hiu
khc hn: Phi dy dn by nm cho dn bm sinh hiu ho thnh hiu chin, vn hin lnh
thnh tn bo, ri mi cho dn ra chin u c. Tht l bi nh Khng t.

-----------------
Thng (): c bn chp l dng (). (Goldfish).

Bi ny chc l ca mn sinh Nhim Hu chp, nn gi l Nhim t ch khng gi l Nhim.

Nhim Hu lc lm quan t cho h Qu, m h Qu chuyn quyn, khng em vic quc
chnh (vic quan trng trong nc) bn triu nh L, m em bn ring vi gia thn ca mnh.
C sch ging: chnh l vic quan trng, cn s l vic chp hnh hng ngy.

Lc ny Khng t khng cm quyn nc L nhng lm chc i phu th c quyn d

nghe vic quan trng trong nc.

p C Ph thuc nc L. (Goldfish).

Trc Cung, l anh Cung ngay thng (Cung l tn). C sch cho trc cung ch c ngha l ngi
ngay thng.

Ch chng [] hi xa ch c ngha t co (theo Thuyt vn); ngy nay mi c ngha l lm

chng. Khng t khuyn cha phi nhn t, con phi hiu; con t co cha l bt hiu, cho nn ng
cho l khng ngay thng, khng hp o.

on t Ngn tt tn n cui bi, ti ln lt ghi thm my ch nhin tiu nhn, chi

tng v nhn, h vo cc ch m ebook ngun chp ba du chm:Ngn tt tn, hnh tt qu,
khanh khanh tai! c dic kh d vi th h. Vit: Kim chnh gi h nh?. T vit: Y!
u sao chi tc ton d. (Goldfish).

Hng: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; ebook ngun chp l hnh. (Goldfish).

 Cu: Bt hng k c, hoc tha chi tu trong Kinh Dch, c Nguyn Hin L dch nh sau:
Khng thng gi c ci c ca mnh, c khi b xu h. (Goldfish).

Chng ti thy cu ny kh hiu, tm dch theo Triu Thng v on v tm hay thay i th

coi qu ri cng khng tin, m ri s gp vic h thn. C ngi dch l: Khng t ni: Ti
ngi ta khng chim nghim n li ni y thi. C ngi li hiu l: Ngi qun t i vi
Kinh Dch nu nghin ngm li chim nghim th bit c rng thiu c hng, tt s phi h
thn. Vy s d khng c c hng, lm vic m khng c c hng, ch v khng xem li chim
nghim m thi.

THIN XIV

HIN VN
XIV.1

Hin vn s. T vit: Bang hu o, cc; bang v o, cc, s d.- Khc, pht, on, dc, bt
hnh yn, kh d vi nhn h. T vit: Kh d vi nan h, nhn tc ng bt tri d.

Dch.- Hin hi th no l iu xu h. Khng t p: Nc c o (chnh tr tt) th c th

lm quan c; nc v o (chnh tr xu) m lm quan th xu h. (Hin li hi): Hiu
thng, khoe khoang, on hn, tham dc, nhng vic khng lm, th c th gi l nhn c
ch? Khng t p: Nh vy l lm c nhng vic kh, cn nhn hay khng th ta cha
bit.

XIV.2

T vit: S nhi hoi c, bt tc d vi s h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: K s no m ngh n vic cho c an dt, th cha phi l k s.

XIV.3

T vit: Bang hu o, nguy ngn nguy hnh; bang v o, nguy hnh ngn tn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Nc c o (chnh tr tt), ngn ng chnh trc, hnh vi chnh trc;
nc v o th hnh vi chnh trc, ngn ng khim tn.

Ch thch. Ch [], c ngi c l hnh, ngha cng i khi nh vy.

XIV.4

T vit: Hu c gi tt hu ngn, hu ngn gi bt tt hu c. Nhn gi tt hu dng, dng

gi bt tt hu nhn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi c c th tt c li ni hay, ngi c li ni hay cha hn c

c. Ngi nhn tt dng cm, ngi dng cm cha hn c c nhn.
 XIV.5

Nam Cung Qut vn Khng t vit: Ngh thin x, Ngo (hay Nghiu) ng chu, cu bt c
k t nhin. V, Tc cung gi nhi hu thin h. Phu t bt p. Nam Cung Qut xut. T vit:
Qun t tai nhc nhn! Thng c tai nhc nhn!

Dch.- Nam Cung Qut hi Khng t: Ngh bn gii, Ngo dng thuyn m xung st (thu
chin), ri u bt c k t. ng V, ng Tc u cy la m sau c thin h. Khng t khng
p. Nam Cung Qut ra ri, ng bo: Ngi y tht qun t, ngi y tht bit trng o
c!.

Ch thch. Ngh l vua nc Hu Cng, bn cung gii, dit vua H Hu Tng m cp ngi;
sau b b ti l Hn Trc git cp. Ngo l con ca Hn Trc gii thu chin (c sch ging
ng chu l y c thuyn trn cn Chng ti theo ch thch ca Triu Thng), sau b vua
Thiu Khang nh H git. ng V c cng dp nn nc lt, c vua Thun nhng ngi cho.
ng Tc t gieo la ging, dy dn cy cy, l thu t ca nh Chu cho nn cng gi l c thin
h. Nam Cung Qut c ch cc vua ng thi khng trng c m ch trng v lc, nn
Khng t khng tin tr li.

XIV.6

T vit: Qun t nhi bt nhn gi hu h ph! V hu tiu nhn nhi nhn gi d.

XIV.7

T vit: i chi, nng vt lao h? Trung yn, nng vt hi h?.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Yu ai m khng dy ngi chu kh nhc ? Trung vi ai m khng

khuyn ngi theo iu chnh ?.

XIV.8

T vit: Vi mnh, Ti Thm tho sang chi, Th Thc tho lun chi, hnh nhn T V tu sc chi,
ng L T Sn nhun sc chi.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Khi (nc Trnh) lm t lnh ngoi giao th giao T Thm khi tho, Th
Khc tho lun thm, quan coi vic i s l T V sa cha, T Sn ng L nhun sc li.

XIV.9

Hoc vn T Sn. T vit: Hu nhn d. Vn T Ty. Vit: B tai! B tai!. Vn Qun Trng.
Vit: Nhn d. ot B Th Bin p tam bch phn s t, mt x, v on ngn.

Dch.- C ngi hi v T. Khng t p: Mt ngi nhn t, yu dn. Hi v T Ty. p:

Con ngi y! con ngi y! (c ch). Hi v Qun Trng. p: Mt ngi c bit (cc
sch ging l mt ngi c cng ln vi nc T). Vua (Hon Cng) nc T ly p Bin gm
ba trm h ca B Th thng cho ng y, B Th (ho ngho) phi n ung m bc, vy m ti
cht khng h on hn.

Ch thch. Cc sch xa ch thch T Ty l mt lnh don ca nc S; nhng cc nh gn

y cho l mt i phu nc Trnh ni chc T Sn, khi T Sn cht. Thuyt sau c phn ng.
V ngi hi chc c mun so snh ba v tng quc: Qun Trng tng quc nc T, hai
ngi kia l tng quc nc Trnh.

XIV.10

T vit: Bn nhi v on, nan; ph nhi v kiu, d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngho m khng on hn, iu kh; giu m khng kiu cng, d
hn.

XIV.11

T vit: Mnh Cng Xc vi Triu, Ngy lo tc u, bt kh d vi ng,Tit i phu.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Mnh Cng Xc lm gia thn cho h Triu, h Ngu th rt tt, lm i
phu nc ng, nc Tit th khng c.

Ch thch. Triu v Ngu l hai i phu nc Tn. Tit, ng l hai nc nh thi . Khng
t cho Mnh Cng Xc l c c m thiu ti.

XIV.12

T L vn thnh nhn. T vit: Nhc Tang V Trng chi tr, Cng Xc chi bt dc, Bin
Trang t chi dng, Nhim Cu chi ngh, vn chi d l nhc, dic kh d vi thnh nhn h. Vit:
Kim chi thnh nhn gi, h tt nhin? Kin li t ngha, kin nguy th mnh, cu yu bt vong
bnh sinh chi ngn, dic kh d vi thnh nhn h?.

Dch.- Khng t ni: T L hi th no l ngi hon ton. Khng t p: Thng minh sng
sut nh Tang V Trng, khng tham lam m lim khit nh (Mnh) Cng Xc, dng cm nh
Trang t p Bin, ti ngh nh Nhim Cu, li hc thm l ngha, thy nguy th khng tic tnh
mnh, c hn vi ai t lu m vn khng qun, nh th cng c th thnh ngi hon ton
c.

Ch thch. Tang V Trng l con ca Tang Vn Trng trong bi V.17. Trang t l dng s
nc L.

XIV.13

T vn Cng Thc Vn T Cng Minh Gi vit: Tn h? Phu t bt ngn, bt tiu, bt th

h?. Cng Minh C i vit: D co gi qu d. Phu t thi nhin hu ngn, nhn bt ym k
ngn, lc nhin hu tiu, nhn bt ym k tiu, ngha nhin hu th, nhn bt ym k th. T vit:
K nhin? Khi k nhin h?.
Dch.- Khng t hi Cng Minh Gi (ngi V) v Cng Thc Vn T (mt i phu nc V):
C thc l Cng Thc Vn T khng ni, khng ci, khng nhn vt tng, phi khng?
Cng Minh Gi p: Ngi no ni vy l qu ng. ng Cng Thc Vn T khi ng ni mi
ni nn ngi ta nghe m khng chn; c vui mi ci nn ngi ta thy ci m khng chn;
ng nhn vt g th mi nhn nn ngi ta thy ng nhn m khng ch. Khng t ni: Tht
vy ? C th tht nh vy c ?.

XIV.14

T vit: Tang V Trng d Phng cu vi hu L, tuy vit bt yu qun, ng bt tn d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Tang V Trng ly p Phng xin vua L cho con chu mnh lm ch
p , tuy l ni l khng yu sch vua, ta cng khng tin.

XIV.15

T vit: Tn Vn Cng quyt nhi bt chnh, Hon cng chnh nhi bt quyt.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Tn Vn Cng xo quyt m khng chnh i; T Hon Cng chnh i
m khng xo quyt.

Ch thch. Tn Vn Cng v T Hon Cng u l nhng B i Xun Thu.

XIV.16

T L vit: Hon Cng st cng t C, Triu Ht t chi, Qun Trng bt t. Vit: V nhn
h?. T vit: Hon Cng cu hp ch hu, bt d binh xa, Qun Trng chi lc d. Nh k
nhn, nh k nhn?.

Dch.- T L bo: (T) Hon Cng git cng t C, Thiu Ht cht theo cng t C, Qun
Trng th khng. Ri li ni: Nh vy Qun Trng cha ng gi l nhn chng? Khng t
ni: Hon Cng chn ln hp ch hu m khng phi dng v lc uy hip h, l ti sc ca
Qun Trng. Nhn c ca ng y , nhn c ca ng y .

Ch thch. Thiu Ht v Qun Trng u th cng t C, em T Ho Cng. Cng t C b

Hon Cng git v tranh quyn vi mnh. Thiu Ht cht theo cha. Qun Trng khng cht
theo cha, li cn lm tng quc gip cho Hon Cng na. V vy T L ch l bt nhn.
Khng t cho vic cht theo cha l ci tit tho nh, m khen Qun Trng khng dng v
lc m dn c yn n, nhn c ca ca Qun Trng . Quan nim trung qun ca ng
rng ri ch khng hp hi nh i sau. Gip dn gip nc, iu quan trng hn gi tit vi
vua. Cu hp ch hu: chn ln hp ch hu; thc ra l mi mt ln, c l ch cu []
(chn) nn sa l ch c [] (kt hp) th phi hn. Cu cui c ngi dch l: Ai m nhn c
c bng ng y.

XIV.17

T Cng vit: Qun Trng phi nhn gi d? Hon Cng st cng t C, bt nng t, hu tng
chi?. T vit: Qun Trng tng Hon Cng, b ch hu, nht khung thin h, dn o vu
kim th k t. Vi Qun Trng, ng k b pht, t nhm h. Khi nhc tht phu, tht ph chi vi
lng d, t kinh cu c nhi mc chi tri d?.

Dch.- T Cng bo: Qun Trng khng phi l ngi nhn chng? Hon Cng git cng t
C, Qun Trng khng cht theo m cn lm tng quc cho Hon Cng. Khng t ni:
Qun Trng gip Hon Cng, khin Hon Cng lm b (lnh t) cc ch hu, thin h qui v
mt mi, nhn dn n nay cn mang n ng. Nu khng c ng th chng ta ngy nay phi gic
tc, mc o c vt bn tri (nh Di, ch) ri. ng h phi nh bn tht phu, tht ph tm
thng, t treo c ni ngi, rnh m chng ai bit ti ?.

XIV.18

Cng Thc Vn T chi thn i phu Son, d Vn t ng thng ch cng. T vn chi, vit:
Kh d vi vn h.

Dch.- i phu Son l gia thn ca Cng Thc Vn t, nh Vn t tin c m cng Vn t c

thng lm i phu triu nh. Khng t hay tin , bo: (Cng Thc Vn t) ng c t
tn thu l Vn.

XIV.19

T ngn V Linh Cng chi v o d. Khang T vit: Ph nh th, h nhi bt tng?. Khng t
vit: Trng Thc Ng tr tn khch, Chc tr tn miu, Vng Tn Gi tr qun l. Ph nh
th, h k tng?.

Dch.- Khng t ni v chuyn vua V Linh Cng l ngi v o. Khang t hi: Nh vy sao
khng mt ngi vua?. Khng t p: C Trng Thc Ng coi vic ngoi giao, Ch coi
vic t t, Vng Tn Gi coi vic qun. Dng ngi nh vy, sao mt ngi c?.

Ch thch. Khang t l Qu Khang t, i phu nc L.

XIV.20

T vit: K ngn chi bt tc tc vi chi d nan.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ni khoc lc m khng thn th kh lm c nh li mnh ni.

XIV.21

Trn Thnh t th Gin Cng. Khng t mc dc nhi triu, co Ai Cng vit: Trn Hng th k
qun, thnh tho chi?. Cng vit: Co ph tam t!. Khng T vit: D ng tng i phu chi
hu, bt cm bt co d. Qun vit: Co phu tam t gi!. Chi tam t co bt kh. Khng t
vit: D ng tng i phu chi hu, bt cm bt co d.

Dch.- Trn Thnh t (tn Hng, i phu nc T) git Gin Cng (vua T). Khng t ( v tr
s L) tm gi ri vo triu tu vi L Ai Cng: Trn Hng git vua, xin xut binh hi ti
hn. Ai Cng ni: ng nn ni vi ba nh (tc ba quyn thn Mnh Tn, Thc Tn, Qu
Tn). Khng t ra i, ni: V ti i sau hng i phu nn khng dm tu vic y vi vua. Vua
bo nn ni vi ba nh. i ni vi ba nh, khng ai chu. Khng t i v ni: V ti theo sau
hng i phu, nn khng dm khng bo co vic y.

XIV.22

T L vn s qun. T vit: Vt khi d, nhi phm chi.

Dch.- T L hi v vic th vua. Khng t p: Khng nn la gt vua, nhng khng ngi xc

phm vua (m phi gim can gin).

XIV.23

T vit: Qun t thng t, tiu nhn h t.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hng ln cao (o c) m mong t ti; k tiu nhn
hng xung thp (ti li) m mong t c.

XIV.24

T vit: C chi hc gi v k, kim chi hc gi v nhn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi xa hc v mnh, ngi i nay hc v ngi (ngha l cho ngi ta
bit ti mnh).

XIV.25

C B Ngc s nhn Khng t. Khng t d chi ta nhi vn yn, vit: Phu t h vi?. i
vit: Phu t dc qu k qu nhi v nng d. S gi xut, T vit: S h! s h!.

Dch.- C B Ngc (i phu nc V, tui cao, c ln, khi Khng t ti V, thng nh ng

y) sai ngi li thm Khng t. Khng t mi ngi ngi, ri hi: C phu t lc ny lm
g?. Ngi p: Phu t mun bt lm li i m cha c. Khi ngi ra v, Khng t
khen: Ngi i s gii! ngi i s gii!.

XIV.26

T vit: Bt ti k v, bt mu k chnh. (on ny trng vi bi VIII.14, khng dch li). Tng

t vit: Qun t t bt xut k v.

Dch.- Tng t ni: Ngi qun t ngh ngi trong chc v ca mnh.

Ch thch. Cu ny c ngha nh cu trn nn sp chung mt bi.

XIV.27
T vit: Qun t s k ngn nhi qu k hnh.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t thn rng ni nhiu m lm t.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu rng: Ngi qun t h thn, rt r v li ni m c gng gi, c

sc v vic lm.

XIV.28

T vit: Qun t o gi tam, ng v nng yn: nhn gi bt u, tr gi bt hoc, dng gi bt

c . T Cng vit: Phu t t o d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: o ngi qun t gm c ba m ta cha lm c: ngi nhn khng lo

bun, ngi tr khng nghi hoc, ngi dng khng s hi. T Cng ni: Thy t ni khim
nh vy y. (Thy ni v thy y).

XIV.29

T Cng phng nhn. T vit: T d, hin h tai? Ph ng tc bt h.

Dch.- T Cng hay so snh ngi ny vi ngi khc. Khng t ni: Anh T gii th ? Ta th
khng rnh so snh ngi.

XIV.30

T vit: Bt hon nhn chi bt k tri, hon k bt nng d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: ng lo khng ai bit mnh, ch lo mnh khng c ti c ngi ta bit
n.

--------------------
Hin, tc Nguyn Hin, t T T, hc tr ca Khng t. (Goldfish).

Cu ny trong ebook ngun khng c li dch. (Goldfish).

Ch ny ti chp theo bi ng trn trang (bi ny cn nu mt thuyt na l ch cu c

ngha l con s cc ln: cu gi s chi cc ); cn T in Thiu Chu th chp
l: (T in ny ging ch cu nh sau: () Mt m l cu hp, nh Hon Cng
cu hp ch hu vua Hon Cng t hp cc ch hu, cng ngha vi ch c
). (Goldfish).

ni Qun Trng c cng chng Di, ch. Coi tiu s Qun Trng trong Gng danh nhn
ca chng ti xut bn nm 1959.

Xem li bi V.14. (Goldfish).

 XIV.31

T vit: Bt nghch tr, bt c bt tn, c dic tin gic gi, th hin h!.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Khng tin liu rng ngi ta gt mnh, ng c on ngi ta khng tin
mnh, nhng khi gp nhng ngi nh vy, mnh bit c ngay, nh vy l hin y!.

XIV.32

Vi Sinh Mu v Khng t vit: Khu h vi th th th gi d? V ni vi nnh h? Khng t vit:

Phi cm vi nnh d, tt c d.

Dch.- Vi Sinh Mu ni vi Khng t: Ny Khu, sao ng khng yn m c lng xng i du

thuyt nh vy? ng mun t ci khu ti ca mnh chng?. Khng t p: Ti khng dm t
khu ti, ch ght hng ngi ngoan c thi.

XIV.33

T vit: K bt xng k lc, xng k c d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi ta khen con nga k khng phi v n c sc m v n thun
lng.

XIV.34

Hoc vit: D c bo on, h nh?. T vit: H d bo c? D trc bo on, d c bo

c.

Dch.- C ngi ni: Ly c m bo on, nn khng?. Khng t p: Th th ly g bo

c? C chnh trc m bo on, v ly c m bo c (ly n hu p n hu).

XIV.35

T vit: Mc ng tri d ph!. T Cng vit: H vi k mc tri t d?. T vit: Bt on thin,

bt vu nhn, h hc nhi thng t, tri ng gi k thin h!.

Dch.- Khng t than: Khng c ai hiu ta c!. T Cng hi: Sao thy li than khng ai hiu
thy?. Khng t p: Ta khng on tri, khng trch ngi, hc t vic thp l nhn s m
t ln ti thin l. Hiu ta ch c tri chng?.

Ch thch. Theo S k ca T M Thin th Khng t than nh vy sau khi xy ra vic bt c

con ln, ng bit rng o ng khng dng c.

XIV.36

Cng B Liu t T L Qu Tn. T Phc Cnh B d co vit: Phu t c hu hoc ch

Cng B Liu, ng lc do nng t ch th triu. T vit: o chi tng hnh d d, mnh d;
o chi tng ph d d, mnh d. Cng B Liu k nh mnh h!.

Dch.- Cng B Liu (mt i phu nc L) gim pha T L vi Qu Tn (quyn thn ca L).
T Phc Cnh B ni vi Khng t: Phu t (tc Qu Tn) nghi ng T L v li gim pha ca
Cng B Liu. Ti c sc (bin oan cho T L) lm cho Cng B Liu b git cht, b bu
thy ch hoc triu nh. Khng t ni: o (ti) m thi hnh c l do mnh tri, hay b
b ph cng do mnh tri. Cng B Liu lm sao i c mnh tri?.

Ch thch. T L gip Qu Tn thi hnh o ca Khng.

XIV.37

T vit: Hin gi t th, k th t a, k th t sc, k th t ngn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Bc hin nhn trnh i m n, hng thp hn trnh nc lon m qua
nc khc, hng thp hn na trnh nhng k khng c l , hng cui trnh nhng li ni
khng hp mnh.

Ch thch. Khng t tuy ni theo th t trc sau, nhng khng c phn bit cao thp, ch l
tu cnh ng m thi. Nh cu bang v o tc n l trng hp th nht; cu lon bang bt
c l trng hp th nh; cu l mo suy bt kh chi trong Mnh t - Co t h - l trng
hp th ba; trng hp cui cng nh khi T Cnh Cng bo vi Khng t rng mnh gi ri,
khng thi hnh c chnh sch ca Khng t v Khng t b i bi XVIII.3 sau.

XIV.38

T vit: Tc gi tht nhn h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: (Nc L c) by ngi hnh ng nh vy ri (tc i n).

Ch thch. Bi ny ni tip vi bi trn. C ngi ging tc [] l ng dy (b i n)

Khng r by ngi l ai, mi thuyt mt khc.

XIV.39

T L tc Thch Mn. Thn mn vit: H t? T L vit: T Khng th. Vit: Th tri k

bt kh nhi vi chi gi d?.

Dch.- T L ngh m Thch mn ( ngoi thnh nc L). Ngi m ca thnh bui sng
hi: ng u n y?. T L p: T nh h Khng n. Ngi ni: C phi ci
ng bit khng th lm c m vn c lm khng?.

XIV.40

T kch khnh V, hu h qu nhi qu khng th chi mn gi, vit: Hu tm tai, kch khnh
h. K nhi vit: B tai! Khanh khanh h! Mc k tri d, t d nhi d h. Thm tc l, thin tc
kh. T vit: Qu tai! Mt chi nn h.
Dch.- Khng t ang nh ci ci khnh (bng ) nc V, c ngi vc st c i qua ca,
bo: C ho thay, ngi nh khnh !. Ri ngi y li ni: B lu thay! Ting khnh
lanh lnh y! Ngi ta khng bit mnh th thi, i cho xong. (Kinh Thi, Bi phong c cu):
Li nc su th c o, li nc cn th vn o ln. Khng t nghe c bo: ngi ta
kin quyt tht! Ta cng chng ci ngi lm g.

Ch thch. Nhiu sch cho ch [] c l nan v ging cu cui nh sau: Qu tht l ngi
qun i (hoc: Qu tht nh vy ?). Mun nh th th khng kh g; hoc: Ngi y qu
quyt, gt gng thay! chng ngh n nhn tm th o th i sng c kh g?.

XIV.41

T Trng vit: Th vn: Cao tn lng m, tam nin bt ngn. H v d?. T vit: H tt
Cao Tn? C chi nhn giai nhin. Qun hong, bch quan tng k, d thnh trng t, tam nin.

Dch.- T Trng hi: Kinh Th c cu: ng Cao Tn tang, ci nh tang, ba nm khng

ni n vic nc. Th ngha l sao?. Khng t p: No ring g vua Cao Tn, ngi xa
u nh vy c. Vua c mt, trm quan u lo chc v ca mnh di lnh ca t tng, nh vy
ba nm (trong khi vua mi c tang).

Ch thch. Coi vic ng Vn Cng tang cho cha theo o Nho, trong Mnh t - ng Vn
Cng thng, bi 2).

XIV.42

T vit: Thng hiu l tc dn d s d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi trn ham l ngha th dn d sai khin.

XIV.43

T L vn qun t, T vit: Tu k d knh - Vit: Nh t nhi d h?. Vit: Tu k d an nhn.

Vit: Nh t nhi d h?. Vit: Tu k d an bch tnh. Tu k d an bch tnh, Nghiu Thun k
do bnh ch?.

Dch.- T L hi th no l qun t. Khng t p: Sa mnh thnh knh cn. T L li hi:

Ch c vy thi ?. Khng t p: Sa mnh cho ngi khc c yn tr. Li hi: Ch c
vy thi ?. p: Sa mnh cho trm h yn tr. Sa mnh m trm h yn tr, du Nghiu,
Thun e cng kh lm c thay.

XIV.44

Nguyn nhng di s. T vit: u nhi bt tn , trng nhi v thut yn, lo nhi bt t, th vi

tc. D trng khu k hnh.

Dch.- Nguyn Nhng (mt bn gi ca Khng t) ngi xoc chn ra i Khng t. Khng t
ni: Hi nh anh khng bit knh thun ngi ln; ln ln khng lm c g ng khen; gi
ri m khng cht. Nh vy ch bo hi ngi ta thi. Ni ri ly gy g vo ng chn ca
Nguyn Nhng.

Ch thch. Nguyn Nhng l con ngi phng tng, b c l php.

XIV.45

Khuyt ng ng, t tng mnh. Hoc vn chi vit: ch gi d?. T vit: Ng kin k c
v d, kin k d tin sinh tnh hnh d. Phi cu ch gi d, dc tc thnh gi d.

Dch.- Mt a tr lng Khuyt c Khng t sai trong vic truyn t li ng, mi khi c
khch kha. C ngi hi: Thng b hc tn ch ?. Khng t p: Ti thy n ngi
cng ch vi ngi ln. Nh vy l n khng tin b ln ln, m mun mau thnh ngi ln, nn
ti sai n vy cho n bit l php.

---------------------
Vi Sinh Mu: mt n s nc L. (Goldfish).

T: nguyn vn ch Hn ca bn ch t ny (Thiu Chu c l tch). Theo trang th

ch ng vi ch (c l t). (Goldfish).

Kh: nguyn vn ch Hn l , ch ny Thiu Chu c l yt. (Goldfish).

THIN XV

V LINH CNG
XV.1

V Linh Cng vn trn Khng t. Khng t i vit: Tr u chi s, tc thng vn chi h,

qun l chi s, v chi hc d. Minh nht toi hnh. Ti Trn tuyt lng, tng gi bnh, mc
nng hng. T L un hin, vit: Qun t dic hu cng h?. T vit: Qun t c cng, tiu
nhn cng t lm h.

Dch. Vua V Linh Cng hi Khng t v chin trn. Khng t p: V vic t t, l kh th ti

tng nghe c, cn v qun l th ti cha hc. Sng hm sau, ng ri nc V. nc
Trn ng b ht lng, cc mn sinh theo hu b bnh, khng ngi dy c. T L ut hn, hi
ng: Ngi qun t cng c khi cng khn ?. Khng t p: Ngi qun t c khi cng
khn cng l l c nhin (hoc: ngi qun t c khi khn cng th c gi t cch ca mnh); k
tiu nhn khn cng th phng tng, lm cng.

Ch thch. Khng hiu ti sao hai vic trn cc sch u sp chung vo mt bi. So snh bi
ny vi bi IV.15 [?].
 XV.2

T vit: T d, nh d d vi a hc nhi ch chi gi d?. i vit: Nhin. Phi d?. Vit: Phi
d, d nht d qun chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Anh T, anh cho ta hc nhiu m nh ht chng?. T Cng p:

Vng. Khng phi vy sao?. Khng t ni: Khng phi vy, ta tm mt iu cn bn m khi
qut, thng sut c.

Ch thch. C ngi bo ch qun [] y c ngha l lm, tp. Nht d qun chi l ghi
nh iu tai nghe ri ly thc tin (tc qun) lm cn bn. Thuyt ny kh tin c.

XV.3

T vit: Do, tri c gi tin h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Anh Do (T L) ngi bit o c (ngha l) t lm.

XV.4

T vit: V vi nhi tr gi, k Thun d d! Ph h vi tai? Cung k chnh Nam din nhi d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng lm g m thin h bnh tr, l vua Thun y chng? Ch knh
cn, oan chnh quay mt v phng Nam (ngi trn ngai) th thi. (Nh kho gio ho v c
b ti hin).

XV.5

T Trng vn hnh. T vit: Ngn trung tn, hnh c knh, tuy Man, Mch chi bang, hnh h.
Ngn bt trung tn, hnh bt c knh, tuy chu l, hnh h tai? Lp, tc kin k tham tin d,
ti d tc kin k hnh d, ph nhin hu hnh. T trng th ch thn.

Dch. T Trng hi lm cch no i u cng trt lt. Khng t p: Li ni trung thc,

ng tin, hnh vi phi thn thit, knh cn, nh vy d n nc Man, nc Mch (cc nc lc
hu phng Nam, phng Bc) cng trt lt. Li ni khng trung thc, ng tin, hnh vi
khng thn thit, knh cn, th d trong lng, trong chu (mt chu gm 2500 nh) ca mnh
cng lm sao trt lt c? Khi ng, thy ci ta mi ni nh trc mt; khi ngi xe, thy n
da trn ci ch. Phi nh vy ri mi trt lt. T Trng chp ngay vo dy ai.

XV.6

T vit: Trc tai, S Ng! Bang hu o nh th, bang v o nh th. Qun t tai, C B
Ngc! Bang hu o tc s, bang v o tc kh quyn nhi hoi chi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngay thng nh ng S Ng, nc c o, ng thng nh mi tn, nc

v o ng cng thng nh mi tn. Qun t thay ng C B Ngc! Nc c o th lm quan,
nc v o th lui v n (dch tng ch l thu ci ti ca mnh m ct i).
Ch thch. S Ng l mt i phu ca nc V. C B Ngc cng l mt i phu ca nc
V, coi bi XIV.25.

XV.7

T vit: Kh d ngn, nhi bt d chi ngn, tht nhn; bt kh d ngn nhi d chi ngn, tht
ngn. Tr gi bt tht nhn, dic bt tht ngn.

Dch. Khng t ni: ng ni chuyn vi ai m khng ni, l mt mt ngi (tt). Khng

ng ni chuyn vi ai m ni, l ph li. Ngi sng sut khng b mt ngi, cng khng ph
li.

XV.8

T vit: Ch s, nhn nhn, v cu sinh d hi nhn, hu st thn d thnh nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi s c ch v ngi c c nhn khng cu sng m lm hi iu

nhn, m c khi hi sinh tnh mng thnh iu nhn.

XV.9

T Cng vn vi nhn. T vit: Cng dc thin k s, tt tin li k kh. C th bang d, s k i

phu chi hin gi, hu k s chi nhn gi.

Dch. T Cng hi v s tu dng c nhn. Khng t p: Ngi th mun lm vic cho

kho th trc ht phi c dng tt. (Cng vy, mun tu dng c nhn, cn c thy, bn).
nc no th tm ng i phu no hin m th, tm ngi nhn m lm bn.

XV.10

Nhan Uyn vn vi bang. T vit: Hnh H chi thi, tha n chi l, phc Chu chi min, nhc tc
Thiu V. Phng Trnh thanh, vin nnh nhn. Trnh thanh dm, nnh nhn i.

Dch. Nhan Uyn hi v php tr nc. Khng t p: Theo lch nh H, ngi xe nh n, i

m min nh Chu, nhc th theo nhc Thiu v V. Cm ging ht nc Trnh, xa k nnh. Ging
ht nc Trnh dm, k nnh nguy him.

XV.11

T vit: Nhn v vin l tt hu cn u.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng lo xa th tt c ci bun gn.

XV.12

T vit: D h h, ng v kin hiu c nh hiu sc gi d.

(Bi ny trng vi bi IX.17, ch thm ba ch: D h h ngha l: Thi i ht mong ri)

XV.13

T vit: Tang Vn Trng, k thit v gi chi? Tri Liu H Hu chi hin nhi bt d v d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Tang Vn Trng trm chc v chng? (Khng xng, khng lm
trn chc v). Bit ng Liu H Hu l ngi hin m khng tin c ng y ng triu nh vi
mnh.

Ch thch. Liu H Hu, ngi L, h Trin, tn Hoch, x Liu H, c nhn c.

XV.14

T vit: Cung t hu nhi bc trch nhn, tc vin on h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Trch mnh th nghim, trch ngi th nh, nh vy trnh c on.
(Ngi khng on mnh m mnh cng khng on ngi).

XV.15

T vit: Bt vit: Nh chi h, nh chi h gi, ng mt nh chi h d d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi no khng t hi: Lm sao y, lm sao y? th ta chng bit
phi i x vi ngi lm sao (chng c cch no ch bo cho ngi c).

XV.16

T vit: Qun c chung nht, ngn bt cp ngha, hiu hnh tiu tu, nan h tai!.

Dch. Khng t ni: Tm t vi nhau sut ngy, khng bn v o l m thch lm nhng iu

khn vt, tht l kh s c (hoc l kh tin c).

XV.17

T vit: Qun t ngha d vi cht, l d hnh chi, tn d xut chi, tn d thnh chi, qun t tai!.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t ly ngha lm gc, theo l m lm, ni nng khim tn,
nh thnh tn m nn vic, nh vy tht l ngi qun t.

XV.18

T vit: Qun t bnh v nng yn, bt bnh nhn chi bt k tri d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t bun v mnh khng c ti nng ch khng bun v ngi
ta khng bit mnh.
 XV.19

T vit: Qun t tt mt th nhi danh bt xng yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t hn rng ti cht m khng ai bit ting mnh. (Khng
lm g ngi ta khen mnh).

XV.20

T vit: Qun t cu ch k, tiu nhn cu ch nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t cu mnh, k tiu nhn cu ngi.

XV.21

T vit: Qun t cng nhi bt tranh, qun nhi bt ng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t nghim trang gi lp trng m khng tranh vi ai, ho
hp (cng tc) vi mi ngi m khng b ng.

XV.22

T vit: Qun t bt d ngn c nhn, bt d nhn ph ngn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t khng v li ni phi ca mt ngi m c ngi

(v cn xt c hnh ca ngi na), khng v phm hnh ca ngi m khng nghe li ni
phi ca ngi .

XV.23

T Cng vn vit: Hu nht ngn, nhi kh d chung thn hnh chi gi h?. T vit: K th h!
K s bt dc, vt thi nhn.

Dch. T Cng hi C mt ch no sut i lm theo c khng?. Khng t p: C l

l ch th chng? Ci g mnh khng mun th ng lm cho ngi.

XV.24

T vit: Ng chi nhn d, thy hy, thy d? (C ngi c l d). Nh hu s d gi, k hu

s th h. T dn d, tam i chi s d trc o nhi hnh d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta i vi ngi c ch ai, khen ai (qu ng) u? Khen ai th ta

nghim trc (xem ngi c tt khng), cn ch ngi i nay th ta c theo o thng
ca ba i (H, Thng, Chu).

XV.25
T vit: Ng do cp s chi khuyt vn d, hu m gi, t nhn tha chi. Kim v h ph.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta cn c thy (i xa) trong sch s b trng ch tn nghi, v

ngi c nga cho ngi khc mn ci ( hun luyn gim cho), ngy nay khng cn thy
nhng vic y na.

XV.26

T vit: Xo ngn lon c. Tiu bt nhn tc lon i mu.

Dch. Khng t ni: Li ni kho th lm bi hoi o c. Vic nh khng nhn c th lm

hng mu ln.

XV.27

T vit: Chng chi, tt st yn; chng hiu chi, tt st yn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Mt ngi b mi ngi ght th ta phi xt xem c tht ng ght
khng; c mi ngi a, ta cng phi xt xem c ng a khng?.

XV.28

T vit: Nhn nng hong o, phi o hong nhn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi ta c th lm cho o rng ln ln, o khng lm cho con ngi
rng ln c.

Ch thch. mun ni: con ngi ch ng, lm cho o sng thm, rng thm c; nu con
ngi b ng, c c chp, gi ng o th o ch lm cho con ngi ho hp hi thi. Trch
nhim ngi ch khng phi o.

XV.29

T vit: Qu nhi bt ci, th v qu h!.

Dch. Khng t ni: C li m khng sa, nh vy mi tht l c li!.

XV.30

T vit: Ng thng chung nht bt thc, chung d bt tm, d t, v ch, bt nh hc d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta c ln sut ngy khng n, trn m khng ng, suy ngh nhng
v ch, khng bng hc.

XV.31
T vit: Qun t mu o bt mu thc. Canh d, ni ti k trung h. Hc d, lc ti k trung h.
Qun t u o bt u bn.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t mu cu t o, ch khng mu cu chuyn n. Cy

rung (vn mu cu vic n) m c khi gp nm mt ma, khng c n; cn hc o (vn
khng phi mu cu vic n) nhng c lc c bng lc. Ngi qun t lo khng t o ch
khng lo ngho.

XV.32

T vit: Tr cp chi, nhn bt nng th chi, tuy c chi, tt tht chi. Tr cp chi, nhn nng th
chi, bt trang d l chi, tc dn bt knh. Tr cp chi, nhn nng th chi, trang d l chi, ng chi
bt d l, v thin d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ti tr tr dn (c ngi hiu l bit mi l) m khng bit

dng c nhn gi dn, th mt dn. Ti tr tr dn, bit dng nhn ngha gi dn, m
i i vi dn khng trang nghim th dn khng knh. Ti tr tr dn, bit dng nhn c
gi dn, bit trang nghim i i vi dn, m khng bit dng l c v dn theo th cha hon
ton tt.

Ch thch. Bi ny ni v cch tr dn: phi c ti tr, c c nhn, thi trang nghim, gio
ho bng l.

XV.33

T vit: Qun t bt kh tiu tri, nhi kh i th d. Tiu nhn bt kh i th nhi kh tiu tri
d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c th khng bit vic nh nht, nhng c th m ng
c vic ln; k tiu nhn khng th m ng c vic ln, nhng c th bit c vic nh
nht.

Ch thch. C ngi hiu l: Ly vic nh nht m xt th khng bit c ti cn ca ngi

qun t, nhng ngi qun t c th m ng c vic ln; k tiu nhn khng m ng
c vic ln, nhng ly vic nh nht m xt th bit c ti cn ca h.

XV.34

T vit: Dn chi nhn d, thm thy ha. Thy ha ng kin o nhi t gi h, v kin o
nhn nhi t gi d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nhn dn i vi o nhn, coi o nhn cn thit hn nc la. M

(nc la cn c khi nguy him) c ngi sa xung nc, dm vo la m cht, (ch o
nhn tuyt nhin khng nguy him), cha thy ai theo o nhn m cht.

XV.35
T vit: ng nhn, bt nhng s.

Dch. Khng t ni: Lm iu nhn th du thnh mnh, mnh cng khng nhng.

Ch thch. Nhn l iu ai cng nn lm, ht sc m lm, khng c s tranh chp, m cng

khng c s nhng nhau.

XV.36

T vit: Qun t trinh, nhi bt lng.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ngi qun t gi vng chnh ngha, khng c chp iu tn nh nht.

XV.37

T vit: S qun, knh k s nhi hu k thc.

Dch. Khng t ni: Th vua th phi cn trng trong cng vic ri sau mi ngh n bng
lc.

XV.38

T vit: Hu gio v loi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bt lun hng ngi no (giu ngho, sang hn, thng minh, n n)
ta cng dy.

Ch thch. C ngi dch: K thin hay c, ta cng dy Hiu nh vy ngha qu hp.

XV.39

T vit: o bt ng, bt tng vi mu.

Dch. Khng t ni: o (hay ch th) khng ging nhau, th khng mu tnh vi nhau
c.

XV.40

T vit: T t nhi d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: Li ct din t th thi.

XV.41

S Min hin. Cp giai, T vit: Giai d. Cp tch, T vit: Tch d. Giai ta, T co chi
vit: M ti t, m ti t. S Min xut. T Trng vn vit: D s ngn chi o d?. T
vit: Nhin. C tng s chi o d.

Dch. Nhc s (m) tn Min n thm. Bc gn n thm, Khng t ni: y l thm.

Bc gn ti chiu, Khng t ni: y l chiu. Mi ngi u ngi ri, Khng t ni vi
nhc s: ng m ngi kia, ng m ngi kia. Nhc s ra v ri, T Trng hi: Php ni vi
nhc s nh vy phi khng?. Khng t p: Phi. l php gip, dt dn nhc s (m
lo).

------------------
Ch v [] y l iu ma. C sch cho l ch Thun [] in nhm v ging l nhc Thiu
ca vua Thun. C sch li bo ch v dng nh ch v [], v ging l nhc v (ca V
vng nh Chu). Lch nh H ly thng dn lm thng ging nh ngy nay; lch nh n ly
thng su (tc thng chp m lch ngy nay); nh Chu ly thng t (tc thng 11 ngy nay) lm
thng ging. Theo lch nh H th tin cho nh nng hn. Xe nh n kin c, khng hoa m nh
xe nh Chu. M min nh Chu p hn.

C l ebook ngun chp thiu thiu ch Ngi (Ngi khng lo xa). (Goldfish).

Chi: cc bn trn mng chp l d (). (Goldfish).

V: nguyn vn ch Hn l ; nhiu bn chp l lp (). Theo trang th hai ch v v

lp l ng t. (Goldfish).

Ch o ny v ch o sau, trong ebook ngun u chp l o c. Ti theo cun

Khng t m b hai ch c i. (Goldfish).

Ebook ngun khng c hai ch d t. (Goldfish).

Ch hng chp lm thnh ch th chng? (Goldfish).

THIN XVI

QU TH
XVI.1

Qu th tng pht Chuyn Du. Nhim Hu, Qu L kin Khng t vit: Qu th tng hu s
Chuyn Du. Khng t vit: Cu, v ni nh th qu d? Ph Chuyn Du, tch gi tin vng
d vi ng Mng ch, th ti bang vc chi trung h, th x tc chi thn d. H d pht vi? Nhim
Hu vit: Phu t dc chi, ng nh thn gi giai bt dc d. Khng t vit: Cu, Chu Nhm
hu ngn vit: Trn lc tu lit, bt nng gi ch. Nguy nhi bt tr, in nhi bt ph, tc tng
yn dng b tng h. Th nh ngn qu h, h t xut hp, qui ngc hy c trung, th thy
chi qu d?. Nhim Hu vit: Kim ph Chuyn Du, c nhi cn Ph, kim bt th, hu th tt
vi t tn u. Khng t vit: Cu, qun t tt ph x vit dc chi nhi tt vi chi t. Khu d, vn
hu quc hu gia gi, bt hon qu, nhi hon bt qun, bt hon bn, nhi hon bt an. Ci qun
v bn, ha v qu, an v khuynh. Ph nh th, c vin nhn bt phc, tc tu vn c d lai chi.
L lai chi, tc an chi. Kim Do d Cu d, tng phu t, vin nhn bt phc nhi bt nng lai d
bang phn bng li tch nhi bt nng th d, nhi mu ng can qua bang ni. Ng khng Qu
Tn chi u, bt ti Chuyn Du, nhi ti tiu tng chi ni d.

Dch.- H Qu sp nh Chuyn Du (mt nc ph dung ca nc L, tc mt nc nh ph

thuc vo L). Nhim Hu v Qu L (tc T L) vo yt kin Khng t, tha: H Qu sp
nh Chuyn Du. Khng t ni: Cu (Nhim Hu), l ci li ca anh chng? Nc
Chuyn Du, tin vng (nh Chu) lm ch t ni ng Mng, m li trong khu vc nc
nh, vy l b ti ca x tc, sao li em qun nh ngi ta. Nhim Hu tha: Thy Qu
(Tn) mun vy, ch hai chng con l gia thn khng mun. Khng t mng: S thn Chu
Nhm hi xa bo: Tn lc lm chc v mnh, nu khng c th nn t chc i. Nc nguy
bin m khng bit bo v, nc nghing ng m khng bit chng , th ai dng mnh gip
lm g? V li, anh ni by ri, (th hi) con h, con tru rng (hoc con t ngu) x ci, mai
ra v ngc qu b nt trong rng th thuc v ai. Nhim Hu tha: Nc Chuyn Du
thnh quch kin c m li gn p Ph (ca h Qu). Nay h Qu khng chim ly th s thnh
mi lo cho con chu i sau. Khng t ni: Ny Cu, ngi qun t rt ght k vin l ny l
khc bin h cho lng tham ca mnh. Khu ny, nghe ni ngi c nc c nh (tc p
phong ca i phu) khng lo ngho thiu m lo s phn phi khng qun bnh, khng lo t dn
m lo x tc khng yn. Phn phi qun bnh th dn khng ngho; ho thun th dn s khng
t, x tc yn n th chnh quyn khng nghing . Nh vy m ngi xa khng phc th sa
vn c ngi ta n vi mnh, h n vi mnh ri lm sao cho h c yn n. Nay anh Do
(T L) v anh Cu gip phu t h Qu, ngi xa khng phc m khng bit lm cho ngi ta
n vi mnh, nc chia r la tan m khng bit bo v, li tnh gy chin trong nc, ta e
rng mi lo con chu h Qu khng phi nc Chuyn Du u m ngay sau bc bnh phong
(tc ngay trong nh) y.

Ch thch. Bi ny chng ti dch trong cun Nh gio h Khng (Co Thm, 1972), nay dch
li. Coi li ph bnh vn tt ca chng ti trong Nh gio h Khng, tr.63.

XVI.2

Khng T vit: Thin h hu o, tc l nhc, chinh pht t thin t xut; thin h v o, tc l

nhc, chinh pht t ch hu xut. T ch hu xut, ci thp th hi bt tht h. T i phu xut,
ng th hi bt tht h; bi thn chp quc mnh, tam th hi bt tht h. Thin h hu o, tc
chnh bt ti i phu! Thin h hu o, tc th nhn bt ngh.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Thin h c o (chnh tr tt) th thin t nh l nhc, ra lnh chinh
pht; thin h v o (chnh tr xu) th vua ch hu nh l nhc, ra lnh chinh pht. Ch hu
quyt nh, ra lnh th c khong mi i, t khi khng mt nc. i phu quyt nh, ra
lnh th c khong nm i, t khi khng mt nc; gia thn nm quc chnh th c khong
ba i, t khi khng mt nc. Thin h c o th chnh quyn khng trong tay i phu. Thin
h c o th dn thng khng bn ring vic nc.

XVI.3

T vit: Lc chi kh cng tht ng th h, chnh i i phu t th h, c phu Tam Hon chi t
tn vi h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Quyn ban tc lc khng thuc v cng tht (nh vua nc L) nm
i ri, quc chnh trong tay i phu bn i ri, nn con chu Tam Hon suy vi ri.

Ch thch. Tam Hon tr Qu th, Mnh th, Thc th: ba h u l hu du ca L Hon Cng,
cho nn gi l Tam Hon.

XVI.4

Khng t vit: ch gi tam hu, tn gi tam hu. Hu trc, hu lng, hu a vn, ch h. Hu

bin tch, hu thin nhu, hu bin nnh, tn h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: C ba hng bn c ch, ba hng bn c hi. Bn chnh trc, bn thnh
tn, bn bit nhiu l c ch. Bn n mnh, bn kho nnh mnh, bn khng c thc hc l bn
c hi.

XVI.5

Khng t vit: ch gi tam nho, tn gi tam nho. Nho tit, l, nhc, nho o nhn chi thin,
nho a hin hu, ch h. Nho kiu lc, nho dt du, nho yn lc, tn h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: C ba s a thch c ch, c ba s a thch c hi. Thch dng l nhc
iu tit i sng, thch khen ch hay ca ngi, thch c nhiu bn hin, ba ci c ch. Thch
kiu sa, dm lc, thch ng phng t, thch yn tic vui chi, ba ci c hi.

XVI.6

Khng t vit: Th qun t hu tam khin; ngn v cp chi nhi ngn, v chi to; ngn cp chi
nhi bt ngn, v chi n; v kin nhan sc nhi ngn, v chi c.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Hu chuyn ngi qun t d mc ba li ny: cha n lc mnh ni

ni, gi l nng ny; n lc mnh ni m khng ni, gi l giu gim; cha nhn thy sc mt
m ni, gi l m qung.

XVI.7

T vit: Qun t hu tam gii: thiu chi thi, huyt kh v nh, gii chi ti sc; cp k trng d,
huyt kh phng cng, gii chi ti u; cp k lo d, huyt kh k suy, gii chi ti c.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c ba iu rn: Khi cn tr kh huyt cha nh (thn th
cha pht trin ), nn rn v sc dc; tui trng nin, kh huyt cng cng, nn rn v
tranh u; v gi, kh huyt suy, nn rn v tnh tham.

XVI.8

T vit: Qun t hu tam y: y thin mnh, y i nhn, y thnh nhn chi ngn. Tiu nhn
bt tri thin mnh nhi bt y d, hip i nhn, v thnh nhn chi ngn.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c ba iu s: s mnh tri, s bc i nhn, s li ni

ca thnh nhn. K tiu nhn khng bit mnh tri nn khng s, khinh nhn i nhn, giu ct
li ni ca thnh nhn.

XVI.9

T vit: Sinh nhi tri chi gi, thng d; hc nhi tri chi gi, th d; khn nhi hc chi, hu k th
d. Khn nhi bt hc, dn t vi h h.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Sinh ra m bit l bc trn; hc ri mi bit, l bc th; gp cnh

khn nn ri mi chu hc, li cn thp hn na. Thp nht l gp cnh khn nn ri m vn
khng chu hc.

Ch thch. - Ch khn [], c ngi dch l dt; chng ti ngh nn hiu l gp cnh khn nn,
chng hn khi tht bi ri, m vn khng chu hc trnh tht bi sau th mi l ngu nht.

XVI.10

T vit: Qun t hu cu t: th t minh, thnh t thng, sc t n, mo t cung, ngn t trung,

s t knh, nghi t vn, phn t nan, kin c t ngha.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Ngi qun t c chn iu xt nt: Khi trng th ch thy cho minh
bch, khi nghe th lng tai nghe nghe cho r, sc mt th gi cho n ho, din mo th gi cho
oan trang, li ni th gi cho trung thc, lm th gi cho knh cn, c iu nghi hoc th hi
han, khi gin th ngh ti hu qu tai hi s xy ra, thy mi li th ngh n iu ngha.

XVI.11

T vit: Kin thin nh bt cp, kin bt thin nhi thm thang; ng kin k nhn h, ng vn k
ng h. n c d cu k ch, hnh ngha d t k o; ng vn k ng h, v kin k nhn d.

Dch.- Khng t ni: Thy vic thin th vi vng nh ui theo khng kp, thy vic bt thin
th nh nhng tay vo nc si (s m lnh); ta thy ngi nh vy, nghe thy li ni nh
vy. n mong gi c ch ca mnh, lm vic ngha t c o ca mnh; ta nghe
thy li ni nh vy, m cha thy ai nh vy.

XVI.12

Cnh cng hu m thin t, t chi nht, dn v c nhi xng yn. B Di, Thc T ng vu Th
Dng chi h, dn o vu kim xng chi. [K t chi v d?] .

Dch.- T Cnh Cng c bn ngn con nga, khi cht khng c c g cho ngi dn khen. B
Di, Thc T cht i ni Th Dng, dn dn nay cn khen. [L mun ni nh vy ?]
Ch thch. Cu cui t trong du [..] ng ch v, ng rng: hoc bi khc, t lm v y,
hoc thiu mt vi cu g trn .

XVI.13

Trn Cang vn B Ng vit: T dic hu d vn h?. i vit: V d. Thng c lp. L xu

nhi qu nh. Vit: Hc Thi h?. i vit: V d. Bt hc Thi v d ngn. L thoi nhi
hc Thi. Tha nht, hu c lp, L xu nhi qu nh. Vit: Hc l h?. i vit: V d. - Bt
hc l, v d lp. L thoi nhi hc L. Vn t nh gi. Trn Cang thoi nhi h vit: Vn nht
c tam: vn Thi, vn L, hu vn qun t vin k t d.

Dch.- Trn Cang hi B Ng: Anh c nghe thy dy iu g l khng?. B Ng p: Cha.

C ln cha ti ng mt mnh, L ti i nhanh qua sn. Cha ti hi: Hc kinh Thi cha?. Ti
p cha. Cha ti bo: Khng hc kinh Thi th khng bit ni nng ra sao. L ti lui v hc
kinh Thi. Hm khc, cha ti ng mt mnh, L ti i nhanh qua sn. Cha ti hi: Hc kinh L
cha?. Ti tha cha, cha ti bo: Khng hc kinh L th khng bit cch i ng i (c
ngi dch l: khng bit dch thn). L ti lui v hc kinh L. Ti ch nghe c hai iu .
Trn Cang lui ra, mng rng: Hi mt iu m bit c ba: phi hc kinh Thi, phi hc kinh
L, li bit rng ngi qun t khng hay gn con (c ngi dch l: i vi con cng nh i
vi hc tr, khng khc g nhau).

Ch thch. Trn Cang, t l T Cm, (coi bi I.10).

XVI.14

Bang qun t chi th, qun xng chi vit phu nhn, phu nhn t xng vit tiu ng; bang nhn
xng chi vit qun phu nhn, xng ch d bang vit qu tiu qun; d bang nhn xng chi dic
vit qun phu nhn.

Dch.- V vua ch hu, vua ch hu gi l phu nhn; phu nhn t xng l tiu ng; ngi
trong nc gi b l phu nhn ca vua; ni vi ngi nc khc th gi l qu tiu nhn (qu
l ting khim tn, tiu qun l vua nh, tc v vua); ngi nc khc cng gi l phu nhn ca
vua.

Ch thch. Bi ny nh bi 12 trn, c phn chc l li Khng t, khng hiu v sao mt my

ch vit, u bi.

T: nguyn vn ch Hn l . Ch ny Thiu Chu c l hu. (Goldfish).

C ngi bo nn sa ch qu thnh ch bn.

Ch bn ny nn sa lm ch qu nh vy mi hp vi qun v bn sau. Rt c l. Chng

ti s dch theo nh vy.

Thi nc L chia lm bn phn, h Qu chim hai phn; h Mnh v Thc, mi h chim

mt phn, nay h Qu mun chim c nc Chuyn Du v phn mnh.

Chng ti theo hai ch thch trn, mc du nguyn vn vn nh c.

Ch bin ny v ch bin sau, nguyn vn ch Hn l (ch ny Thiu Chu c l

tin). (Goldfish).

Cn xem li ba ch ng phng t. (Goldfish).

Hai cu ny, ebook ngun chp l: Lui v hc kinh L. Ti ch nghe c iu . Ti tm

sa li nh trn. (Goldfish).

THIN XVII

DNG HO
XVII.1

Dng Ha dc kin Khng t, Khng t bt kin; qui Khng t n. Khng t thi k v d nhi
vng bi chi. Ng ch . V Khng t vit: Lai, d d nh ngn. Vit: Hoi k bo nhi m k
bang, kh v nhn h?. Vit: Bt kh. Hiu tng s nhi cc tht th, kh v tr h?. Vit: Bt
kh. Nht nguyt th h, tu bt ng d. Khng t vit: Nc. Ng tng s h.

Dch. Dng Ho mun gp Khng t, nhng Khng t khng n thm y, nn y biu Khng
t mt con heo sa (luc chn). Khng t rnh lc Dng Ho i vng, li nh y t n. Khng
ng trn ng v gp y. Y gi Khng t: Li y, ti mun ni chuyn vi ng. Ri ni:
Giu ti c qu bu m khng cu nc ang m lon, c th gi l ngi nhn c
khng? (Khng t lm thinh). Dng Ho ni tip: Khng gi l nhn c. Mun ra lm
quan m nhiu ln b l c hi, c th gi l tr c khng? (Khng t li lm thinh). Dng
Ho li ni tip: Khng gi l tr c. Ngy thng tri qua, tui chng i ta. Khng t ni:
Vng. Ti s ra lm quan.

XVII.2

T vit: Tnh tng cn d, tp tng vin d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Bn tnh con ngi gn ging nhau, do tp nhim mi khc xa nhau.

XVII.3

T vit: Duy thng tri d h ngu bt di.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ch c bc thng tr v k h ngu l khng thay i.

Ch thch. Bi ny tip bi trn. Bc thng tr tc bc sinh nhi tri chi, cn k h ngu tc

hng khn nhi bt hc trong bi XVI.9.
 XVII.4

T chi V thnh, vn huyn ca chi thanh. Phu t hon nh nhi tiu vit: Ct k yn dng ngu
ao?. T Du i vit: Tch gi, Yn d vn ch phu t vit: Qun t hc o tc i nhn, tiu
nhn hc o tc d s d. T vit: Nh tam t, Yn chi ngn th d. Tin ngn h chi nh.

Dch. Khng t ti V Thnh (ni T Du lm quan t), nghe ting ht n. ng mm ci bo:

M g cn chi n dao m b?. T Du tha: Ngy trc, Yn con nghe thy dy: Ngi
qun t hc o (l nhc) th yu ngi, k tiu nhn hc o th d sai khin. Khng t ni:
Ny cc tr, li anh Yn ng, li ta mi ni ch l a thi.

Ch thch. T Du theo li thy dy, dng l nhc gio ho v tr dn. Khng t tic rng V
Thnh nh qu, T Du c th tr mt ci ln hn nhiu.

XVII.5

Cng Sn Pht Nhiu d Ph bn, triu, t dc vng. T L bt duyt, vit: Mt chi d d, h tt

Cng Sn dn chi chi d?. T vit: Ph triu ng gi, nhi khi tai? Nh hu dng ng gi,
ng k vi ng Chu h?.

Dch. Cng Sn Pht Nhiu (gia thn h Qu, lm t tng t Ph) chim c t Ph lm phn
(h Qu), cho ngi mi Khng t, ng mun ti. T L khng vui lng, bo: Khng c ni no
hnh o th thi, h tt phi n vi h Cng Sn?. Khng t ni: Ngi ta vi ta, hn c
dng ta. Nu dng ta th ta s phc hng o nh Chu phng ng.

Ch thch. H Qu ln vua L. Cng Sn Pht Nhiu phn h Qu. Khng t mong c th

thuyt Pht Nhiu lp li uy quyn ca vua L, khin cho theo o nh Chu. Nhng sau ng
nghe li T L, khng i. Vic ny chp trong S k ca T M Thin, nhng khng chp trong
T Truyn cho nn Lng Khi Siu cho l khng ng tin. Theo S k th hi ny Khng t 50
tui.

XVII.6

T Trng vn nhn Khng t. Khng t vit: Nng hnh ng gi thin h, vi nhn h

Thnh vn chi. Vit: Cung, khoan, tn, mn, hu. Cung tc bt v, khoan tc c chng, tn tc
nhn nhim yn, mn tc hu cng, hu tc tc d s nhn.

Dch. T Trng hi Khng t v o ngi. Khng t p: Lm c nm c trong thin

h th gi l nhn. T Trng ni: Xin thy cho con bit nm c y. Khng t p: Cung,
khoan, tn, mn, hu. Cung knh th khng b khinh nhn, khoan hu th c lng mi ngi,
thnh tn th c ngi tn nhim, cn mn th thnh cng, t hu th s dng c ngi.

XVII.7

Bt Ht triu, t dc vng. T l vit: Tch gi Do d vn ch phu t vit: Thn k thn vi

bt thin gi, qun t bt nhp d. Bt Ht d Trung Mu bn, t chi vng d, nh chi h?. T
vit: Nhin, hu th ngn d. Bt vit kin h, ma nhi bt ln? Bt vit bch h nit nhi bt
truy? Ng khi bo qua d tai? Yn nng h nhi bt thc?.

Dch. Bt Ht mi, Khng t mun qua. Trc kia Do con nghe thy dy: Ngi qun t
khng vo ng vi k no gy iu bt thin. Bt Ht chim t Trung Mu lm phn m thy
mun qua vi y th sao phi l?. Khng t ni: ng, ta c ni vy. Nhng ta chng tng ni
rng ci g cng rn th mi cng khng mn sao? Ta chng tng ni rng ci g thc trng th
nhum cng khng en sao? Ta u phi tri bu kh ngi ta treo m khng n c ?.

Ch thch. Bt Ht (c ngi c l Pht Ht), l gia thn ca Phm Trng Hnh, mt i phu
nc Tn, v lm chc t Trung Mu. Ngi cm quyn nc Tn l Triu Gin t nh Phm
Trng Hnh; Bt Ht chim Trung Mu lm phn. T L s Khng t qua gip Bt Ht th s
danh, nn Khng t tr li nh vy. Nhng ri ng cng khng i. Bi ny cng nh bi 5
trn, Lng Khi Siu cho l khng ng tin.

XVII.8

T vit: Do d, nh vn lc ngn lc t h h?. i vit: V d C, ng ng nh. Hiu

nhn bt hiu hc, k t d ngu. Hiu tr bt hiu hc, k t d ng. Hiu tn bt hiu hc, k t d
tc. Hiu trc bt hiu hc, k t d gio. Hiu dng bt hiu hc, k t d lon. Hiu cng bt
hiu hc, k t d cung.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ny Do (T L), anh c nghe ni n su c v su u che lp

khng? T L p: Tha cha Ngi , ta ni cho nghe. Ham c nhn m khng ham
hc th b s che lp l ngu mui; ham c tr m khng ham hc th b s che lp l s phng
ng; ham c tn m khng ham hc th b s che lp l b tn hi; ham ngay thng m khng
ham hc th b s che lp l gt gao, mt lng ngi; ham cng cng m khng ham hc th
b s che lp l s cung bo.

XVII.9

T vit: Tiu t, h mc hc, ph Thi? Thi kh d hng, kh d quan, kh d qun, kh d on.

Nh chi s ph, vin chi s qun, a thc iu th tho mc chi danh.

Dch. Khng t ni: Cc tr sao khng hc Kinh Thi? Kinh Thi c th khin ngi ta phn
chn, c th khin ngi ta quan st phong tc, c th khin ngi ta hp qun, c th khin
ngi ta phng thch chnh tr ng thi. Gn th bit o th cha, xa th bit o th vua, li
bit c nhiu tn chim mung c cy.

XVII.10

T v B Ng vit: Nh vi Chu Nam, Chiu Nam h h? Nhn nhi bt vi Chu Nam, Chiu Nam,
k do chnh tng din nhi lp d d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng t bo B Ng: Con hc Chu Nam, Chiu Nam cha? Ngi
no khng hc Chu Nam, Chiu Nam th khng khc ng quay mt st vo tng.

Ch thch. Chu Nam, Chiu Nam l hai thin u trong Kinh Thi ch cch tu thn, t gia.
 XVII.11

T vit: L vn, l vn, ngc bch vn h tai? Nhc vn, nhc vn, chung c vn h tai?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ni v l, v l, u ch c ngc v la? Ni v nhc, v nhc, u phi

ch c chung v trng.

Ch thch. Khng t ch nh cm quyn ng thi ch ch trng ti hnh thc ca l, nhc.

XVII.12

T vit: Sc l nhi ni nhm, th ch tiu nhn, k do xuyn du chi o d d?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Sc mt uy nghim m trong lng nhu nhc (k gi di) th v nh k

tiu nhn m li cn (t hn na) nh k khot vch tro tng na.

XVII.13

T vit: Hng nguyn, c chi tc d.

Dch. Khng t ni: K hng nguyn (gi o c, lm b cao thng, chiu i c

mi ngi trong lng khen) l k lm hi o c.

XVII.14

T vit: o thnh nhi thuyt, c chi kh d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Nghe ngi ta n ngoi ng ri i u cng loan truyn l b mt

c hnh ca mnh.

Ch thch. Tc nh hng ngi ta gi l ngi l i mp.

XVII.15

T vit: B phu kh d s qun d d tai? K v c chi d, hon c chi. K c chi, hon tht
chi. Cu hon tht chi, v s bt ch h.

Dch. Khng t ni: K b lu c th th vua c khng? Khi cha c chc v bng lc

th lo cho c. c ri li lo mt. lo mt th khng c vic g xu m khng lm.

XVII.16

T vit: C gi dn hu tam tt, kim d hoc th chi v d. C chi cung d t, kim chi cung
d ng. C chi cng d lim, kim chi cng d phn l. C chi ngu d trc, kim chi ngu d tr nhi
d h.

Dch. Khng t ni: i xa, ngi ta thng c ba tt, nay hoc gi khng c na. i xa
ngi cung th khng cu n tiu tit, nay cung th phng ng. i xa ngi gi mnh rt
nghim th lim chnh, nay ngi gi mnh rt nghim th d gin. i xa ngi ngu th ngay
thng, nay ngu th ch di tr thi.

XVII.17

Bi ny trng vi bi I.3

XVII.18

T vit: t chi ot chu d, Trnh thanh chi lon nh nhc d, li khu chi phc bang gia
gi.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ght mu ta cp mt sc , ght nhc nc Trnh lm lon chnh

nhc, ght k bm mp lm nghing nc nh.

XVII.19

T vit: D dc v ngn. T Cng vit: T nh bt ngn, tc tiu t h thut yn?. T vit:

Thin h ngn tai? T thi hnh yn, vn vt sinh yn, thin h ngn tai?.

Dch. Khng t ni: Ta khng mun ni g c. T Cng hi: Thy khng ni th bn chng
con c g truyn thut li cho i sau?. (C sch dch l: chng con sao c truyn thut?
Hoc: chng con noi theo vo u?) Khng T ni: Tri c ni g u? Bn ma qua li, vn
vt sinh trng, Tri c ni g u?.

XVII.20

Nh Bi dc kin Khng t. Khng t t d tt. Tng mnh gi xut h, th sc nhi ca, s chi
vn chi.

Dch. Nh B (ngi nc L, trc c hc Khng T) mun yt kin Khng T. ng t chi,

ly c l au. Ngi ng sai ra p, mi ra ti ca, ng cm ngay cy n st gy v ht, (c )
cho Nh B nghe thy.

Ch thch. Khng hiu v l g ng khng mun tip Nh B.

XVII.21

T Ng vn tam nin chi tang: K d cu h! Qun t tam nin bt vi l, l tt hoi, tam nin bt
vi nhc, nhc tt bng. Cu cc k mt, tn cc k thng, ton toi ci ha, k kh d h. T vit:
Thc ph o, y ph cm nh an h?. Vit: An! Nh an tc vi chi! Ph qun t chi c
tang, thc ch bt cam, vn nhc bt lc, c x bt an, c bt vi d. Kim nh an, tc vi chi. T
Ng xut. T vit: D chi bt nhn d. T sinh tam nin, nhin hu min ph mu chi hoi.
Ph tam nin chi tang, thin h chi thng tang d. D d hu tam nin chi i k ph mu h?.

Dch. T Ng hi v php tang cha m ba nm, bo: Mt nm cng lu ri. Ngi qun
t ( tang) ba nm khng hc tp l, l nghi tt phi nt, ba nm khng tu nhc, m nhc
tt tht truyn. ( mt nm) la c n ht, la mi chn, cy di cy e ly la di ht
mt ht mt vng (Mi ma di mt loi cy ly la, ht bn ma l ht mt vng), tang
mt nm l c ri. Khng T ni: (Cha ht ba nm) m n cm go thm, mc o gm th
tr c yn lng khng?. T Ng p: Yn. Khng T ni: Yn lng th c lm! Ngi qun
t c tang, n ngon khng bit mi, nghe nhc khng thy vui, nh ca mnh khng thy
yn n (thi ct mt nh xu gn m c tang), cho nn khng lm nh vy (khng n
go ngon, mc o tt). Nu tr thy yn lng, th c lm!. T Ng ra ri, Khng T ni: D
l a bt nhn? a tr sinh ra, sau ba nm cha m mi thi bng b, (cho nn) tang ba
nm l l ph bin trong thin h. D n c cha m bng b ba nm hay khng? (C sch
dch l: D n c yu thng cha m c ba nm hay khng?).

XVII.22

T vit: Bo thc chung nht v s dng tm, nan h tai! Bt hu bc dch gi h? Vi chi, do
hin h d.

Dch. Khng T ni: n n sut ngy m chng dng tm vo vic g th kh nn ngi lm.
Sao khng nh c i? nh c cn hn khng.

Ch thch. Bc dch [] c ngi dch l nh bc, nh c. Thc ra bc [] thi cng

ch l mt tr chi nh vy c.

XVII.23

T L vit: Qun t thng dng h?. T vit: Qun t ngha d vi thng, qun t hu dng
nhi v ngha vi lon, tiu nhn hu dng nhi v ngha vi o.

Dch. T L hi: Ngi qun t c trng dng khng?. Khng T p: Ngi qun t
trng ngha l hn ht. Ngi qun t ch dng cm m khng hp ngha l th lm lon; k tiu
nhn ch dng cm m khng hp ngha l th lm trm cp.

XVII.24

T Cng vit: Qun t dic hu h?. T vit: Hu . xng nhn chi c gi, c h lu
nhi sn thng gi, dng nhi v l gi, qu cm nhi trt gi. Vit: T d dic hu h?.
kiu d vi tr gi, bt tn d vi dng gi, kit d vi trc gi.

Dch. T Cng hi: Ngi qun t c ght ai khng?. Khng T p: C. Ght ngi ni
iu xu ca k khc, ght k di m hu bng ngi trn, ght k dng m v l, ght ngi
qu cm m c chp. Khng T hi li T Cng: T, anh c ght ai khng?. (T Cng
tha): Con ght k n cp sng kin ca ngi khc m t cho l mnh tm ra (hoc t cho l
khn), ght k khng khim tn m t cho l dng, ght k bi mc vic ring ca ngi m t
cho l ngay thng.

XVII.25
T vit: Duy n t d tiu nhn vi nan dng d. Cn chi tc bt tn, vin chi tc on.

Dch. Khng T ni: Ch hng t thip v ti t l kh c x vi h. Thn cn vi h th h

nhn, xa cch h th h on.

XVII.26

T vit: Nin t thp nhi kin yn, k chung d d.

Dch. Khng T ni: Bn chc tui m (hnh vi xu xa) ai cng ght th ht hi vng ri.

---------------------
Dng Ho, c sch gi l Dng H, v Ho v H pht thanh hi ging nhau, l gia thn ca
h Qu, c ln bt giam Qu Hon t chuyn quyn nc L. Y cho em heo sa biu Khng
t l c bt Khng t n nh y t n. Bn ch dc kin Khng t c th dch l: Mun
Khng t n yt kin mnh.

Ch ny c sch chm cu khc, cho bt kh (khng gi l nhn c) l li p ca Khng

t. Ri t Hiu tng s (mun ta lm quan) mi l li ca Dng Ho. Cu di cng vy.
Ti chm cu nh trn, cho l li Dng Ho t p lm ni bt tnh hch dch, nng ny ca
Dng Ho v thi bnh tnh, t tn, cng quyt ca Khng t.

Ebook ngun khng c cu: hu tc tc d s nhn. (Goldfish).

on sau y ti theo cun Khng t m ghi thm, ebook ngun khng c: th mi cng khng
mn sao? Ta chng tng ni rng. (Goldfish).

Ngha cng nh cu trc nhi v l tc gio, bi VIII.2.

C ngi cho ch tiu t y tr chu ni Khng t, tc Khng Cp, (T T), nhng theo
truyn thuyt Khng Cp l hc tr ca Tng T.

Chiu Nam: cc bn ch Hn trn mng chp l , Wikipedia ting Vit phin m l Thiu
Nam (). Ch , trong XVII.5 trn c c l triu, T in Thiu Chu cng c l
triu. (Goldfish).

Nguyn vn bi I.3 v XVII.7 u l: T vit: Xo ngn, lnh sc, tin h nhn. C bn Lun
ng b bi XVII.7 (ly bi XVIII.8 lm bi XVII.7) m khng cho bit l do. (Goldfish).

Vn vt (), c bn chp l bch vt (). (Goldfish).

Sc: (nguyn vn ch Hn l ), ebook ngun chp l cm. (Goldfish).

THIN XVIII
 VI T
XVIII.1

Vi t kh chi, C t vi chi n, T Can gin nhi t. Khng t vit: n hu tam nhn yn.

Dch. Vi t b i. C t phi lm n l, T Can cht v can vua (Tr). Khng T ni: Nh n

c ba ng y l ngi nhn.

Ch thch. Vua Tr tn c v hoang dm. Vi t l anh vua Tr, thy vy b nc m i bo

tn dng h. C t v T Can u l ch vua Tr, u can Tr, Tr b t C t v bt lm n l.
C t gi in m sng kh nhc; cn T Can th b Tr git, moi tim. Hnh vi ca ba ngi
khc nhau, nhng u nhm mt mc ch l lm cho nc yn, cho dn khi kh, cho nn
Khng t khen l nhn.

XVIII.2

Liu H Hu vi s s, tam trut. Nhn vit: T v kh d kh h?. Vit: Trc o nhi s nhn,
yn vng nhi bt trut? Ung o nhi s nhn, h tt kh ph mu chi bang.

Dch. Liu H Hu lm php quan, ba ln b bim. C ngi bo: Sao ng cha i qua nc
khc?. Liu H Hu p: Dng o chnh trc m th ngi th i nc no cng b bim?
Dng o cong queo m th ngi th h tt phi b t quc?.

XVIII.3

T Cnh Cng i Khng T, vit: Nhc Qu th tc ng bt nng. D Qu, Mnh chi gian i
chi. Vit: Ng lo h, bt nng dng d. Khng t hnh.

Dch. T Cnh Cng ni v cch i i vi Khng T: Ta khng th i Khng T nh vua

L i h Qu (i l thng khanh), c th i ng y vo bc gia h Qu v h Mnh (h
Mnh l h khanh). (Mi nh vy, b triu thn phn i, nn Cnh Cng t lu sau li ni):
Ta gi ri, khng th dng Khng T c. Khng T bn i.

Ch thch. Theo S k ca T M Thin th lc Khng t ngoi ba mi lm tui, nhn L

c ni lon, Khng t b L qua T, T Cnh Cng mun dng nhng b triu thn phn i, li
thi. V Khng t tr v L.

XVIII.4

T nhn qu n nhc, Qu Hon t th chi, tam nht bt triu, Khng t hnh.

Dch. Ngi nc T tng n nhc (ca n, v n). Qu Hon t (i phu nc L) nhn, ba

ngy khng ra triu. Khng T b i.

Ch thch. Theo S k, lc ny Khng t 56 tui, lm t khu, kim t tng nc L. Sau ng

qua V. Bi 2, Liu H Hu c li t quc; bi ny Khng t khng hnh o c th b i.
 XVIII.5

S Cung Tip D ca nhi qu Khng t vit: Phng h, phng h, h c chi suy? Vng gi
bt kh gin, lai gi do kh truy. D nhi, d nhi! Kim chi tng chnh gi i nhi!. Khng t h,
dc d chi ngn. Xu nhi t chi, bt c d chi ngn.

Dch. Tip D, ngi cung nc S i ngang chic xe ca Khng T, ht: Phng hong
i, phng hong i, c sao m suy i! Vic qua, khng th vn hi, vic cha ti, cn kp
sa i. Thi i, thi i, lm quan thi ny ch nguy him thi!. Khng T xung xe, mun ni
chuyn. Nhng Tip D ro bc trnh mt, Khng T khng ni chuyn c.

Ch thch. Tip D khng phi l tn. V ngi cung nc S i ngang qua xe ca Khng
t nn Lun ng gi nh vy. Cng nh ngi gi ca gi l Thn mn (bi XIV.39), nhng
ngi cy rung trong bi sau, gi l Trng Th, Kit Nch (Th l ch t thp c nc, Nch
l chn nhng di nc).

XVIII.6

Trng Th, Kit Nch ngu nhi canh. Khng t qu chi, s T L vn tn yn. Trng Th
vit: Ph chp d gi vi thu?. T L vit: Vi Khng Khu. Vit: Th L Khng Khu
d?. Vit: Th d. Vit: Trn tri tn h. Vn Kit Nch. Kit Nch vit: T vi thy?.
Vit: Vi Trng Do. Vit: Th L Khng Khu chi d?. i vit: Nhin. Vit: Thao
thao gi thin h giai th d, nhi thu d dch chi? Th nhi d k tng t nhn chi s d, khi nhc
tng t th chi s tai?. u nhi bt xuyt. T L hnh, d co. Phu t v nhin vit: iu th bt
kh d ng qun, ng phi t nhn chi d, nhi thu d? Thin h hu o, Khu bt d dch
d.

Dch. Trng th v Kch Nit cng cy rung. Khng T i ngang qua, sai T L li h bn
u. Trng Th hi: Ngi cm cng trn xe l ai?. T L p: L thy Khng
Khu. Hi: Phi Khng Khu nc L khng?. p: Phi. Trng Th ni: Vy th ng
y t bit bn ri m. T L li hi Kch Nit. Kch Nit hi li: Thy l ai?. T L p:
L Trng Do. Li hi: Phi hc tr ng Khng Khu nc L khng?. p: Phi. Kch
Nit ni: Khp thin h u u cng l dng nc (c) cun cun, ng Khng Khu s cng
vi ai m sa thin h? Cn thy, i theo k s trnh ngi v o (theo Khng T) sao bng
theo (ta l) k s trnh i trc?. Ni ri tip tc ba ph ln cho t bng. T L v xe k li
vi Khng T. Khng T bi ngi hi: Ngi ta khng th sng chung vi cm th; ta khng
sng chung vi ngi trong x hi th sng chung vi ai? Nu thin h thnh tr th Khu ny cn
g phi sa i na?.

XVIII.7

T L tng nhi hu, ng trng nhn, d trng h iu. T L vn vit: T kin phu t h.
Trng nhn vit: T th bt cn, ng cc bt phn, thc vi phu t?. Thc k trng nhi vn,
hin k nhi t yn. T L cng nhi lp, ch T L tc, st k vi th nhi thc chi, kin k nh t
yn. Minh nht, T L hnh d co. T vit: n gi d. S T L phn kin chi. Ch tc hnh
h. T L vit: Bt s v ngha. Trng u chi tit, bt kh ph d; qun thn chi ngha, nh chi
h k ph chi? Dc khit k thn, nhi lon i lun! Qun t chi s d, hnh k ngha d. o chi
bt hnh, d tri chi h.

Dch. T L i (theo Khng T m) lc li pha sau, gp ng gi quy gnh co c u mt

cy gy. T L hi: ng c thy thy ti khng?. ng gi p: Tay chn chng lm vic g
c, khng phn bit c nm ging la. Ai l thy ch?. Ni xong ng gi chng gy xung
t co c. T L chp tay ng (i). (Cng vic co c xong) ng gi a T L v nh ngh
m, git g lm cm i, li cho hai a con ra cho. Hm sau T L i, gp c Khng T,
k li chuyn . Khng T ni: ng gi y l mt n s, ri sai T L tr li kim. Ti ni
th ng gi i khi. T L ni (vi hai ngi con ca ng gi): Khng ra lm quan (m n) l
khng hp o ngha. Ci th t gia ngi ln v k nh khng b c (m ch ng lo
cho con ra cho T L), th sao li b ngha vua ti i? Mun cho thn mnh trong sch m (ho
ra) lm lon ci lun thng ln nht. Ngi qun t ra lm quan l lm ngha v ca mnh.
Cn o m khng thi hnh c, th bit vy ri.

XVIII.8

Dt dn: B Di, Thc T, Ngu Trng, Di Dt, Chu Trng, Liu H Hu, Thiu Lin. T vit:
Bt ging k ch, bt nhc k thn, B Di, Thc T d?. V Liu H Hu, Thiu Lin: Ging
ch, nhc thn h, ngn trng lun, hnh trng l, k t nhi d h. V Ngu Trng, Di Dt: n c,
phng ngn, thn trng thanh, ph trng quyn. Ng tc d th. V kh, v bt kh.

Dch. Bn v ngi n dt: B Di, Thc T, Ngu Trng, Di Dt, Chu Trng, Liu H Hu,
Thiu Lin, Khng T ni: Khng khut ch mnh, khng nhc thn mnh, l B Di, Thc T
chng?. Bo Liu H Hu, Thiu Lin: Chu khut ch mnh, nhc thn mnh, nhng li ni
hp ngha l, hnh vi n o (c ngi dch l hp dn), ch c vy thi. Bo Ngu Trng,
Di Dt: n, khng ni g c (chng ti theo Triu Thng, c ngi dch l n ni phng
tng), gi thn c trong sch, khng lm quan l hp quyn nghi. Ri Khng T li ni: Ta
th khc cc ng y: Chng c g nht nh phi lm, chng c g nht nh khng nn lm.

Ch thch. Chng ta Khng t khng nhn xt g v Chu Trng. B Di, Thc T, Liu
H Hu chng ta bit ri. Cn Ngu Trng, Di Dt, t ai nhc ti, khng cn bit.

XVIII.9

Thi s Ch thch T, phn Can thch S, tam phn Liu thch Thi, t phn Khuyt thch Tn,
c Phng Thc nhp H, b o V nhp Hn, thiu s Dng, kch khnh Tng nhp
Hi.

Dch. Quan thi s Ch qua T, quan phn Can qua S, quan tam phn Liu qua Thi, quan
t phn Khuyt qua Tn, ngi nh trng tn l Phng Thc vo b sng Hong H, ngi
v trng nh tn V v b sng Hn, thiu s Dng v ngi nh khnh tn l Tng v
b ng Hi.

Ch thch. Bi ny chp tn v chc (thi s, thiu s, tam phn, t phn) ca tm nhc s

L t tn ht; phn, tam phn, t phn l nhng chc quan coi v nhc mi vua dng cm
ba th hai, th ba, th t.
 XVIII.10

Chu cng v L cng vit: Qun t bt th k thn, bt s i thn on h bt d. C cu v i

c, tc bt kh d. V cu b nht nhn.

Dch. Chu Cng khuyn con l L Cng (tc B Cm, c phong t L): Ngi qun t
khng b ngi thn thch, khng cho i thn on v khng trng dng. Ngi c cu nu
khng c li ln th khng nn b. Khng cu ton trch b mt ngi no.

XVIII.11

Chu hu bt s: B t, B Qut, Trng t, Trng Ht, Thc D, Thc H, Qu Ty, Qu Oa.

Dch. Nh Chu c tm k s: B t, B Qut, Trng t, Trng Ht, Thc D, Thc H, Qu

Ty, Qu Oa.

Ch thch. Khng r tm k s l ai. Nn : tm ngi chia lm bn cp: B, Trng,

Thc, Qu, v mi cp c tn vn vi nhau: t, Qut, t, Ht v.v Do c ngi ng l
nhng cp sinh i ca mt gia nh. [V cng do thn sinh vn ho Cao B Qut ca nc ta
t cho hai ngi con u lng sinh i l: B t, B Qut; v B Qut ly tn t l Chu Thn
(b ti nh Chu) cng v vy].

----------------
Qu: cc bn ch Hn chp l , ch ny Thiu Chu c l qui. (Goldfish).

Bn ch Phng h, phng h (), trong b Trang t - Nam Hoa kinh, c

Nguyn Hin L dch l: Con phng kia, con phng kia. (Goldfish).

Trn: cc bn trn mng chp l Th (). (Goldfish).

T: ch ti ny (t nhn) v ch t sau (t th), cc bn trn mng chp l (tch). C bn

ging ch (tch) ng vi ch (t). (Goldfish).

on T L cng nhi lp kin k nh t yn l do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).

C mt bn Lun ng u i Tng in hai ch phn. T y, ngha l: (T L) tr v.

Khng t ni. Nh vy c on di l li ca Khng t ni vi T L.

Hai ch tn V do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).

Hai ch phn ny do ti chp thm. phn l v nhc s coi v vic tu nhc trong ba n
th hai. (Goldfish).

THIN XIX
 T TRNG
XIX.1

T Trng vit: S kin nguy tr mnh, kin c t ngha, t t knh, tang t ai, k kh d h.

Dch. T Trng ni: K s m thy nguy th khng tic sinh mng, thy c giu sang th
ngh n ngha l, khi t t, ngh n thnh knh, gp vic tang, ngh n st thng, nh vy l
kh ri.

XIX.2

T Trng vit: Chp c bt hong, tn o bt c, yn nng vi hu? Yn nng vi v?.

Dch. T Trng ni: Ngi gi c m khng kin cng, tin ngha l (o) m khng dc
lng, th i c h hay khng c h cng vy thi.

XIX.3

T H chi mn nhn vn giao T Trng. T Trng vit: T H vn h?. i vit: T H

vit: Kh gi d chi, k bt kh gi, c chi. T Trng vit: D h ng s vn: Qun t tn
hin nhi dong chng, gia thin nhi cng bt nng. Ng chi i hin d, nhn h s bt dung?
Ng chi bt hin d, nhn tng c ng, nh chi h, k s nhn d.

Dch. Hc tr T H hi T Trng v vic kt bn. T Trng hi: Thy T H dy nh th

no?. p: Thy T H bo: Nu l ngi kh th mnh kt bn. Khng kh th nn c
tuyt. T Trng ni: Ti nghe khc vy: Ngi qun t tn trng ngi hin m dung np
mi ngi, khen ngi lng thin m thng k bt ti. Ta l bc i hin th ai m khng
dung np c? Cn nh ta m bt hin th ngi ta c tuyt ta, ch u c tuyt c ngi?.

XIX.4

T H vit: Tuy tiu o, tt hu kh quan gi yn. Tr vin khng n, th d qun t bt vi d.

Dch. T H ni: Tuy lm ngh nh, cng ng xem xt. Nhng nu i su vo ngh th e
ho ra cu n, cho nn ngi qun t khng lm.

XIX.5

T H vit: Nht tri k s v, nguyt v vong k s nng, kh v hiu hc d d h.

Dch. T H ni: Mi ngy bit thm c iu cha bit, mi thng khng qun nhng iu
mnh bit, nh vy c th gi l ham hc.

XIX.6

T H vit: Bc hc nhi c ch, thit vn nhi cn t, nhn ti k trung h.

Dch. T H ni: Hc rng m vn gi ch hng, hi iu thit thc m ngh n vic gn
(vic thc hnh nhng iu ), o nhn trong .

XIX.7

T H vit: Bch cng c t d thnh k s, qun t hc d tr k o.

Dch. T H ni: Th trm ngh phi ti ch (ch c xng th) mi lm c vt.

(Cng vy) ngi qun t phi hc tp ri mi thy c o.

XIX.8

T H vit: Tiu nhn chi qu d tt vn.

Dch. T H ni: K tiu nhn tt dng vn sc b ngoi che li ca mnh.

XIX.9

T H vit: Qun t hu tam bin: Vng chi nghim nhin, tc chi d n, thnh k ngn d l.

Dch. T H ni: Ngi qun t c ba v bin ho: xa th c v trang trng, n gn th c

v n ho, nghe li ni thy nghim.

XIX.10

T H vit: Qun t tn nhi hu lao k dn, v tn tc d vi l k d. Tn nhi hu gin, v tn, tc d

vi bng k d.

Dch. T H ni: Ngi qun t phi c dn tin ri sau mi bt dn lm vic kh nhc

c, nu cha c dn tin th h cho l lm kh h. Phi c ngi trn tin ri mi can
ngn, nu cha c ngi trn tin th h cho l hu bng h.

XIX.11

T H vit: i c bt du nhn, tiu c xut nhp kh d.

Dch. T H ni: Khng c vt qua i tit, cn tiu tit th tu tin, trong phm vi hay
ra ngoi cng c (v khng phm n i tit).

XIX.12

T Du vit: T H chi mn nhn tiu t ng si to, ng i, tin thoi, tc kh h, c mt d,

bn chi tc v, nh chi h?. T H vn chi, vit: Y! Ngn du qu h. Qun t chi o, thc tin
truyn yn? Thc hu quyn yn? Th ch tho mc, khu d bit h. Qun t chi o, yn kh vu
d? Hu thy hu tt gi, k duy thnh nhn h?.
Dch. T Du ni: Hc tr thy T H, lm vic vy nc, qut tc, ng i, ti lui th c,
nhng ch l ci ngn, cn gc khng c, th sao hc nn c?. T H nghe vy, bo:
Ngn Du (T Du) ni sai ri. o ca ngi qun t, ci g nn dy trc? Ci g sau m
khng dy? V nh cy c, c nhiu loi khc nhau. o ca ngi qun t u c th vu hoc
c?. (giu iu chnh m dy iu ph). Bit theo th t, iu no dy trc, iu no dy
sau, ch nu cng dy mt lc c ngn ln gc th ch thnh nhn mi theo c.

XIX.13

T H vit: S nhi u tc hc, hc nhi u tc s.

Dch. T H ni: Lm quan m tha th gi, sc kho th nn hc, hc m tha th gi, sc

kho th nn lm quan.

XIX.14

T Du vit: Tang tr h ai nhi ch.

Dch. T Du ni: Tang l m (biu l) ht lng thng xt l ri.

Ch thch. C th hiu l khng nn by v lo lot, hoc khng nn thng xt n mc hu

hoi thn th.

XIX.15

T Du vit: Ng hu Trng d, vi nan nng d, nhin nhi v nhn.

Dch. T Du ni: Bn ti l T Trng (c cao) kh m gi c nh anh y, nhng

cha phi l bc nhn. (C l v tnh phng khong, thin lch, thi qu Coi cun Khng t -
chng IV).

XIX.16

Tng T vit: ng ng h Trng d. Nan d tnh vi nhn h.

Dch. Tng t ni: T Trng tht c v ng hong, nhng kh lm chung vic nhn vi
anh y c.

XIX.17

Tng T vit: Ng vn ch phu t: Nhn v hu t tr gi d, tt d thn tang h?.

Dch. Tng t ni: Ta nghe thy ta ni: Ngi ta trong cc vic khc cha biu l c ht
tnh cm t nhin, ch trong vic tang cha m l biu l c ht thi.

XIX.18
Tng T vit: Ng vn ch phu t: Mnh Trang t chi hiu d, k tha kh nng d; k bt ci
ph chi thn d ph chi chnh, th nan nng d.

Dch. Tng t ni: Ta nghe thy ta ni: ng Mnh Trang t (mt i phu nc L) c nhng
iu hiu khc m ngi ta lm c, ch c iu ny l khng thay b ti v chnh tr ca cha
l kh m lm c.

XIX.19

Mnh th s Dng Phu vi s s, vn Tng t. Tng t vit: Thng tht k o, dn tn cu

h. Nh c k tnh, tc ai cng nhi vt h.

Dch. H Mnh dng Dng Phu (mt mn sinh ca Tng t) lm php quan. Dng Phu n
hi Tng t. Tng t bo: Ngi trn b chnh o, dn chng phng tng, khng gi php
t lu ri. Nu xt c thc tnh ca ngi phm ti th nn thng xt h ch ng nn
mng (v ti minh quyt ca mnh).

XIX.20

T Cng vit: Tr chi bt thin, bt nh th chi thm d. Th d qun t c h lu, thin h chi
c giai qui yn.

Dch. T Cng ni: Nhng ti c ca vua Tr khng n ni qu lm nh ngi ta truyn. S

d ngi qun t khng mun chung vi m h lu (m mang ting) v bao nhiu ti c trong
thin h u dn v .

XIX.21

T Cng vit: Qun t chi qu d, nh nht nguyt chi thc yn: Qu d, nhn giai kin chi;
canh d nhn giai ngng chi.

Dch. T Cng ni: Ngi qun t c li th nh nht thc, nguyt thc: c li th ai cng
thy, m khi sa li th ai cng ngng vng.

XIX.22

V Cng tn Triu vn T Cng, vit: Trng Ni yn hc?. T Cng vit: Vn V chi o,

v try a, ti nhn. Hin gi ch k i gi, bt hin gi, ch k tiu gi, mc bt hu Vn V
chi o yn. Phu t yn bt hc? Nhi dic h thng s chi hu?.

Dch. Cng tn Triu (i phu nc V) hi T Cng: ng Trng Ni hc vi ai?. T Cng

p: o ca vua Vn vua V (nh Chu) cha mt, cn c ngi bo tn c. Ngi hin ghi
c nhng iu trng i, ngi bt hin nh c nhng iu nh nht, khng u khng c
o ca vua Vn vua V. Thy ti gp u m khng hc, h tt phi hc ring mt thy no?.

XIX.23
Thc tn V Thc ng i phu triu vit: T Cng hin Trng Ni. T Phc Cnh B d co
T Cng. T cng vit: Th chi cung tng. T chi tng d cp kin khuy kin tht gia chi
ho. Phu t chi tng s nhn, bt c k mn nhi nhp, bt kin tn miu chi m, bch quan chi
ph. c k mn gi hoc qu h. Phu t chi vn, bt dic nghi h?.

Dch. Thc tn V Thc (mt i phu nc L) ni vi cc quan i phu triu: ng T

Cng ti gii hn ng Trng Ni. T Phc Cnh B thut li li vi T Cng. T Cng ni:
Ly bc tng cung tht lm th d. Bc tng ca T ti cao ti vai, nn ngi ngoi thy
c nhng ci p trong nh. Bc tng ca thy ti cao my nhn (mi nhn thi by tm
thc, mi thc mt gang tay), nu khng qua ca m vo th khng thy c nhng ci p
trong tn miu, s kin trc cc in phong ph ra sao. Hoc gi t ngi qua c ca. Vy li
ca ng Thc tn V Thc khng hp ri (sai ri).

XIX.24

Thc tn V Thc hy Trng Ni. T Cng vit: V d vi d. Trng Ni bt kh hy d. Tha nhn

chi hin gi, khu lng d, do kh du d. Trng Ni nht nguyt d, v c nhi du yn. Nhn tuy
dc t tuyt, k h thng nht nguyt h? a. Kin k bt tri lng d.

Dch. Thc tn V Thc ch Trng Ni. T Cng ni: ng nn lm vy. Thy Trng Ni
khng th hu bng c. Ti c ca ngi khc cao nh ci g, ci ng, cn c th qua c.
Ngi ta d mun t cch tuyt (m hu bng) th c hi g cho mt tri, mt trng u! Ch t
rng mnh khng bit lng cao thp m thi.

XIX.25

Trn T Cm v T Cng vit: T vi cung d? Trng Ni khi hin t h?. T Cng vit:
Qun t nht ngn d vi tr, nht ngn d vi bt tr, ngn bt kh bt thn d. Phu t chi bt kh
cp d, do thin chi bt kh giai nhi thng d. Phu t chi c bang gia gi, s v lp chi t lp,
o chi k hnh, tuy chi t lai, ng chi t ha. K sinh d vinh, k t d ai, nh chi h k kh cp
d?.

Dch. Trn T Cm (Trn Cang) ni vi T Cng: Anh khim cung y thi. Thy Trng Ni
lm sao ti c hn anh c?. T Cng bo: Ngi qun t ni ra mt li m ngi ta cho
mnh l khn, hay khng khn, cho nn khng th khng thn trng li ni. Thy chng ta khng
ai b kp c, cng nh tri khng th bt thang m ln c. Nu thy chng ta c cm
quyn mt nc hay mt nh (p ca i phu), th nh ngi xa ni, gy dng cho dn, dn s
t lp, dt dn dn, dn s bit ng m i, v yn dn, dn s qui ph, c v dn, dn s hip
lc vi nhau. Khi sng c mi ngi tn knh. Khi cht c mi ngi thng xt. Ai c th
b kp vi thy chng ta c?.

------------------
Ch hong [] mt s hc gi gn y cho l ngha nh ch cng [] ngy nay.
 Theo trong th c () c ngha l tit (): i c l i tit, tiu c l tiu tit; nhn
() c ngha l hn (). (Goldfish).

Ch quyn [] y tc ch quyn trong Hi nhn bt quyn. C ngi dch khc: n

sau m dy cho n mt mi.

Ngn tc nh vy nc, qut tc... gc tc nh chnh tm thnh mun ni: Dy o l

ngay cho tr hoc cho nhng k km thng minh th h khng theo c. i ca T H l dy
hc phi c tun t, tu theo trnh ca mi ngi. C ngi hiu l: Ging ngn m bit n
gc, ch bc thnh nhn mi c nh th. Li c ngi hiu l: o thnh nhn c ch nn
dy trc, c ch nn dy sau, ta chng nn tun t m dy sao?. Bi ny ngha khng c g
cao xa m li khng minh bch, mi ngi hiu mi khc.

THIN XX

NGHIU VIT
XX.1

Nghiu vit: T! Nh Thun, thin chi lch s ti nh cung, don chp k trung. T hi khn
cng, thin lc vnh chung. Thun dic d mnh V.

Vit: D tiu t L, cm dng huyn mu, cm chiu co vu hong hong hu : Hu ti bt

cm x. thn bt t, gin ti tm. Trm cung hu ti, v d vn phng; vn phng hu
ti, ti ti trm cung.

Chu hu i li, thin nhn th ph. Tuy hu chu thn, bt nh nhn nhn. Bch tnh hu qu, ti
d nht nhn.

Cn quyn lng, thm php , tu ph quan, t phng chi chnh hnh yn. Hng dit quc, tu
ph quan, k tuyt th, c dt dn, thin h chi dn qui tm yn. S trng: Dn, thc, tang, t.
Khoan tc c chng, tn tc dn nhim yn, mn tc hu cng, cng tc duyt.

Dch. (Khi nhng ngi cho ng Thun) vua Nghiu bo: Hi ng Thun, mnh tri tun
hon, nay ngi vua v ng; ng nn thnh thc gi o trung chnh. Nu dn trong bn b khn
cng, th lc tri (ban cho ng) s mt hn y. (V sau) vua Thun li truyn nhng li cho
vua V.

Ch thch. Vua Nghiu, nh o ng: 2356-2255; vua Thun, nh Hu Ngu: 2255-2205;

vua V: 2205-2197, sng lp nh H, (cho nn cng gi ng l H V). Sau, nh H suy, b ch
hu ng L nh ui, ln ngi, hiu l Thnh Thang (1766-1753), lp nh Thng (cng gi l
nh n: 1766-1122). Chng ta nhn thy cu u c vn: cung, trung, cng, chung; chc vit kh
tr vo gi thi Chin Quc.
 *

(Khi ln ngi c sch ging l nhn mt ln o v) vua Thnh Thang co vi Tri: a tiu
t (con nh) ny tn l L, mo mui dng con b c en t, mo mui co bch vi Thng
ch tn ch cao rng: K c ti (c sch bo y m ch vua Kit), tiu t khng dm tha.
Nhng k b ti ca Thng ai thin, ai c, tiu t khng dm giu, v lng Thng r
ri. Bn thn trm

(Sau khi V vng dit Tr) nh Chu c tri thng ln, nn c nhiu ngi thin. (V nhng
ngi ny c V vng phong lm vua ch hu). Khi phong T Thi cng) V vng bo:
Tuy c ngi thn thch rt gn, cng khng bng c ngi nhn c. Trm h c li, u ti
mt mnh ta (khng bit gio ho).

(V vng) nh li cn thn ci cn v o lng, ch nh php , khng phc li nhng

quan chc b (vua Tr) bi b, chnh lnh trong thin h c thi hnh. ng phc hng
nhng nc ch hu b dit, cho ngi ni tip nhng dng h b tuyt, bt nhng
ngi n dt c ti c nn nhn dn khp ni qui phc. ng coi trng nhng vic ny nht:
Thng dn, lng thc, tang l, t t. ng khoan hu nn c lng ngi, thnh thc nn
c trm h tn nhim, cn mn nn thnh cng, cng bnh nn mi ngi vui v.

Ch thch. Bi ny c th l ca Khng t, ngi sau chp li, thiu lin lc m on cui c

my cu: Khoan tc c chng, tn c dn nhim, mn tc hu cng trng vi bi XVII.6.

XX.2

T Trng vn Khng T vit: H nh, t kh d tng chnh h. T vit: Tn ng m, bnh

t c, t kh d tng chnh h. T trng vit: H v ng m?. T vit: Qun t hu nhi bt
ph, lao nhi bt on, dc nhi bt tham, thi nhi bt kiu, uy nhi bt mnh. T Trng vit: H
v hu nhi bt ph?. T vit: Nhn dn chi s li nhi li chi, t bt dic hu nhi bt ph h?
Trch kh lao nhi lao chi, hu thy on? Dc nhn nhi c nhn, hu yn tham? Qun t v
chng qu, v tiu i, v cm mn, t bt dic thi nhi bt kiu h? Qun t chnh k y quan,
tn k chim th, nghim nhin nhn vng nhi uy chi, t bt dic uy nhi bt mnh h?. T
Trng vit: H v t c?. T vit: Bt gio nhi st, v chi ngc; bt gii th thnh, v chi
bo; mn lnh tr k, v chi tc; do chi d nhn d, xut np chi ln, v chi hu ti.

Dch. T Trng hi Khng t: Th no th c th tng chnh (gnh vic c) c?.

Khng t p: Phi trng nm iu tt, tr bn iu xu th c th tng chnh c. T
Trng hi: Th no l nm iu tt?. Khng t p: Ngi qun t ban n hu cho dn m
khng hao tn, khin dn lm vic kh nhc m dn khng on, c lng mun m dn khng
tham, th thi m khng kiu cng, uy nghim m khng d tn. T Trng hi: Th no m
ban n hu cho dn m khng hao tn?.... Khng t p: Nhn ci li ca dn m lm li cho
dn (chng hn dn min ni, min bin ci li ca ni, ca bin, khuch trng nhng li
cho dn) th chng phi l ban n hu cho dn m khng hao tn ? Chn vic phi lm v
lc no ng lm m khin cho dn lm, nh vy th ai on? Mun c iu nhn m c iu
nhn th cn g m tham? Ngi qun t i vi dn, chng k l m ng hay t, ngi ln
hay ngi nh (c ngi dch l chng k vic ln hay vic nh), khng dm khinh thng, tr
bing, nh vy chng phi l th thi m khng kiu cng ? Ngi qun t m o chnh t,
nhn ng oan chnh, dng mo trang trng, ai trng thy cng knh s, nh vy chng phi uy
nghim m khng d tn ?. T Trng hi: Th no l bn iu xu?. Khng t p:
Khng gio ho dn, dn phm ti ri git, nh vy l tn ngc; khng ct t, rn bo
trc m mun c thnh tch, nh vy l hung bo; khi ra lnh th khng bo l cp bch ri t
nhin bt dn phi lm xong trong mt k hn gp, nh vy l hi dn; khi cho dn ci g m so
o bn xn vi dn, nh vy l c thi nh nhen ca mt vin chc thp (hu ti)

XX.3

T vit: Bt tri mnh, v d vi qun t d; bt tri l, v d lp d; bt tri ngn, v d tri nhn d.

Dch. Khng t ni: Khng bit mnh tri th khng phi l ngi qun t; khng bit l th
khng bit cch i ng i (hoc khng bit lp thn trong chnh o); khng bit phn bit
li ni ca ngi th khng hiu ngi.

------------------
Thi xa, dang hn g cng xng l trm; t thi Tn Thu Hong, ch vua mi c t xng l
trm. Ri nh Thng suy, vua Tr bo ngc, b ch hu l Pht dit m ln ngi, lp nh
Chu, (1122-256 hoc 221), hiu V vng.
[on c nguyn vn l: Trm cung hu ti, v d vn phng; vn phng hu ti, ti ti trm
cung, li dch trong ebook ngun ch c ba ch: Bn thn trm. Xin tm b sung: () c ti,
khng phi ca dn; mun dn m c ti, ti l ti trm (vng tr dn). (Goldfish).

Cu u ny c ngi hiu l: V vng em ca cng pht cho dn, nhng ngi thin c
thng nhiu, nn ho ra giu c. Hiu nh vy cng c l, nhng khng lin tip vi my cu
sau bng hiu nh chng ti dch.

T Thi cng, tc Khng T Nha. (Goldfish).

C sch chm cu: S trng dn, thc, tang, t v dch l: ch trng n vic ca dn nh
lng thc, tang l, t t.

PH LC

Gm cc bng phn loi, hai bng nhn danh, a danh v mt bng nhng cu thng dn.

KHNG T

I SNG

II.4. (Lp ch hc). 19. Bn v chnh tr vi Ai cng.

III.21. Ni v vic lp n x. 23. Bn v nhc vi nhc trng nc L.

V.21 Mun v L hng dn thanh nin.

VI.26. V yt kin Nam t V.

VII.13. Hc nhc Thiu. 14. Khng v vua V. - 16. Hc Dch. 17. Dng ngn ng tiu chun
ca Chu. 18. Dip cng hi T L v Khng t. - 22. Tng, Hon Khi mun hi.

IX.5. B vy t Khung (c mnh tri).

IX.6. Hi tr lm nhiu ngh. 8. Chn v chim phng khng hin. Th tri. 13. Chn,
mun i Cu Di.- 14. V L nh chnh nhc. 17. Phn nn ngi ta trng sc hn c.

XI. 2. Trn, Thi. 7, 8, 9. 10. (Nhan Hi cht). 12. on T L bt c k t.- 22. Gp

Nhan Hi Khung.

XII.11. T Cnh cng vn chnh. - 17, 18, 19. Bn v chnh tr vi Qu Khang t.

XIII.3. V, ni v chnh danh. - V, ni v th, ph, gio. 16. Dip cng vn chnh. 18.
Dip cng hi v con t co cha.

XIV.5 Khng ch vua nc mnh . 19. Bn v chnh tr vi Qu Khang t. - 21. ngh nh

lon thn Trn Thnh t T. - Thch Mn. 40. nh khnh V.

XV.1. V Linh cng hi v chin Tuyt Lng Trn. 41. i vi nhc s m.

XVI.13. Dy B Ng.

XVI.1. Dng Ho d khng c. 5. Mun ti vi Pht Nhiu. 7. Mun ti vi Bt Ht.

10. Dy B Ng. 20. Khng tip Nh B.

XVIII.3. T Cnh cng khng dng. 4. B L qua V v on n nhc. 5. Gp S Cung.

6. Gp Trng Th, Kit Nch. 7. Gp trng nhn.

LI SNG

C thin X. Bi 1-5 sinh hot triu nh. Bi 6 - 9, 13 sinh hot nh. 8 n, 6 mc, 16 .
Bi 10 sinh hot lng xm. Bi 11, 15 bn b. Bi 17 khi ngi xe. Bi 12 chung nga
chy.

NHN CCH, TNH TNH (coi c hai mc trn i sng, Li sng v mc di Dy hc).

I.10. n, lng, cung, kim.

III.13. T nh ti. 14. Khng nnh. 15. Hi l thi miu. 18. Tn l vi vua. 25. Khng
a v lc, cch mng.

V.25. Ch hng (lo gi an chi). 27. Trung tn, ham hc.

VI.8. i vi hc tr (B Ngu). 24. Nhn v tr. 26. Gp Nam t.

VII.2, 3. Dy khng mi, dy khng chn. 4. Khi nhn c, vui v. 9. Vi ngi c tang. -
10. Khng bo h bng h. 11, 25. Khng ham ph qu. 12. Thn trng: trai, chin, tt. 13.
Thch nhc Thiu. 18. Hc qun gi. 20. Khng ni v qui, lc, lon, thn. 21. Tam nhn
hnh. 22. Bnh tnh, tin mnh.- 23. Khng giu hc tr. 26. Khi cu, bn. 28. Khoan dung,
qun d vng xu ca ngi. 31. Ht. 32. Nhn.- 34. Khng cu o. 37. n, uy, cung.

IX.2. Ni a: chuyn ngh nh xe. 3. Trng l, tu thi.- 4. Tuyt t. 5. Tin mnh. 6.

Nhn. 9. i vi ngi c tang, ngi m. Trch T L mun tng mnh nh i phu.

DY HC

VII.7. Dy mi hng ngi. 28. Khng xt d vng xu. 2, 33. Hi nhn bt quyn.

XV.38. Hu gio v loi.

CCH DY

II.11. n c tri tn.

VI.10. Thc hc tr tin. 11. Ch trng o c. 12. Theo di hnh vi hc tr. 19. Tu
hng ngi cao thp.

VII.8. Bt suy ngh (c nht ngung). 20. Khng ging qui, lc, lon, thn. - 23. Khng giu
gim g c.

IX.1. t ni li, mnh, nhn. Tun t dn d. 23. Sa tt, suy xt.

XIV.45. Dy tr l php (lng Khuyt).

XV.15. Bt suy ngh (nh chi h).

XVII.19. D dc v ngn (coi thm li T H XIV.12). i chng h dc nh ging v hiu

(IV), v nhn (XII), nht l bi XI.21 (vn t hnh ch).

KHNG T T XT MNH

II.4. Mi tui 15, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70.

V.27. Ham hc.

VII.1. Thut nhi bt tc, hiu c. 2.. Hc bt ym, hi nhn bt quyn. - 3. Lo hc, hnh, tu
thn. 5. Than th v sc suy, khng mng thy Chu cng. 18. Hc qun gi. Phi sinh nhi tri
chi. 22. Tri cho c c.
IX.6. Ng thiu tin.

XIII.10. Cu hu dng ng.

XIV.28. Cha c o qun t. 32. Ght ngi ngoan c. 35. Bt on thin, bt vu nhn,
ch tri bit mnh.

XVIII.8. V kh v bt kh.

KHNG T XT NGI XA V NGI NG THI

III.22. Qun Trng. V.14. Khng Vn t (bt s h vn). 15. T Sn. 16. n Bnh Trng.
17. Tang Vn Trng nui ra bi. T Vn, Trn Vn t. 19. Qu Vn t. 20. Ninh V t.
22. B Di, Thc T. 23. Vi Sinh Cao.- 24. T Khu Minh.

VI.4 (ngi ng thi a nnh), 15. (khng theo chnh o)- 13. Mnh Chi Phn. 22. Xt T,
L. 23. C bt c.

VIII.1. Thi B. 12. (ngi ta hc v bng lc). 18. Thun, V. 19. Thun, Nghiu. 20.
Thun, Vn vng, V vng. 21. V (H).

IX.17 (Ngi ta hiu sc hn hiu c).

XIII.7. Xt V, L.

XIX.9. Qun Trng, T Sn, T Ty. 11, 12. Mnh Cng Xc. 12, 14. Tang V Trng,
Trang t. 13. Cng Thc Vn t. 15. Tn Vn cng, T Hon cng. 16, 17. Qun Trng.
19. V Linh cng v o m bit dng ngi nn khng mt nc. 21. Trn Thnh t. 26.
Khen mt s gi. 44. Nguyn Nhng.

XV.3. t ngi bit o c. 13. Tang Vn Trng, Liu H Hu. 25. Ngi nay km xa.

XVI.11. Than thi th.

XVI.12. Ch T Cnh cng.

XVII.2. Tnh tng cn. 3. Thng tr, h ngu. 16. C gi dn hu tam tt. 25. Tiu nhn
v n b.

XVIII.1. Vi t, C t, T Can. 8. Cc n s, B Di, Thc T

NGI NG THI XT KHNG T (Khng k li mn sinh xt s ghi trong mc sau).

III.24. (Nghi Phong nhn: cho Khng t l mc c)

IX.2. (t Hng ng: ch Khng t l bc hc m v thnh danh).

IX.6. (Mt vin thi t: khen l thnh, a nng).

XIV.32. (ch Khng t mun t khu ti). 39. (Ngi gi ca ch l bit khng lm c m
vn lm). 40. (Ngi vc st V ch l khng thc thi, khi Khng t nh khnh V).

XVIII.5. (S Cung: khng thc thi). 6. (Trng Th, Kit Nch: khng thc thi). 7.
(Trng nhn ch l chng lm g c, khng bit nm ging la).

XIV.23, 24 (Thc tn V Thc ch Khng t km T Cng. T Cng p). 25. Trn T Cm

cho Khng t khng hn T Cng.

MN SINH KHNG T

Li ni Khng t xt mn sinh, gch di - Li mn sinh xt Khng t, t trong du ngoc.

Chm ngn ca mn sinh t ring cui v c du * trc. Cn nhng bi khc c nhc ti
mn sinh th in nh thng. Tn h mn sinh sp theo th t a, b, c Nhng tn t thng dng,
in ch hoa cho d kim.

B Ngu (coi Nhim Canh).

Bc Thng - T H II.8; III.8; VI.11; XI.12, 15 XII.22, XIII.17.

* (chm ngn). I.7; XII.5 XIX. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.

Cao Si T CAO - XI.17, 24.

Cng D Trng T TRNG - V.1 (con r).

Cng Ty Xch T HOA V.7; VI.3; XI.21, 25.

Chuyn Tn S T TRNG II.18, 23; XI.15, 17, 19; XII.6, 10, 20; XIV.5 XX.2.

* XIX.1, 2, 3.

oan Mc T - T CNG (I.10), I.15; V.3, 8, 11, 14; VI.6, 28; VII.14; IX.12, (6); XI.2, 12,
15, 18. bun bn. XII.6, 7, 8, 23; XIII.20, 24; XIV.17, (28), 29, 35; XV.2, 9, 23; XVII.19, 24;
(XIX.22, 23, 24, 25).

* XIV.20, 21.

Hu Nhc, HU T - XII.9 (p Ai cng v thu thu).

* I.1, 12, 13.

Khng L B NG (con Khng t) XI.17; XVI.13; XVI.10.

Lao (khng bit h) IX.6.

Mn Tn MN T KHIN VI.7; XI.2, 4, 12, 13.

Mt Bt T - T TIN - V.2.

Nam Dung Nam Cung Qut chu r - T DUNG V.1; XI.5; XIV.5.

Nguyn Hin Nguyn T T T VI.3; XIV.1.

Ngn Yn T DU II.7; VI.12; XVII.4 dng dao m b m m g.

* IV.26, XIX.12, 14, 15.

Nhan Hi NHAN UYN, T UYN II.9; V.8, 25; VI.2, 5, 9 mt bu nc VII.10; IX.19,
20; XI.2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 18, 22; (IX.10); XV.10.

Nhan L - XI.7.

Nhim Canh B NGU (ci) VI.8; XI.2.

Nhim Cu NHIM HU, NHIM T - III.6; V.7; VI.3, 6, 10; VII.14; XI.2, 12, 16, ui
Nhim Hu 21, 23, 35; XIII.9, 14; XIV.12; XVI.1.

Nhim Ung TRNG CUNG V.4 bt ninh; VI.1, 4, kh nam din XI.2; XII.2; XIII.2.

Nh B - XVII.20.

Phn Tu Phn Tr T TR II.5 vn hiu. XII.21, 22. sng c XIII.4, 10. i Di ch.

Tng Tch IM - XI.25.

Tng Sm T D, TNG T - IV.15; XI.17; XIX.18.

* I.4, 9; VIII.3, 4, 5, 6, 7; XII.24; XIV.26 XIX.16, 17, 19.

Tt iu Khai V.5.

T D T NG III.21; V.9 ng ngy. VI.24; XI.2 n ni gii XVII.21 tang.

T M Canh T NGU XII.3, 4, 5.

Trn Cang T CM I.10; XVI.13 (XIX.25).

Trng Do T L - QU L - II.17; V.6, 7, 13, 25; VI. 6, 26; VII.10; IX.11, 26, bn o xu.
X.18; XI.2, 11, 12, 14, 17, 21, 23, 34, 25; XII.12; XIII.1, 3; XIV.12, 16, 36, 39, 43; VI.1; XV.5,
7, 23; XVIII.6, 7.

HC V TU DNG

Nn coi thm li ca mt s mn sinh : T H, T Trng, Tng t, T Cng v.v trn.

Mc ch Thi XVII.2 tnh tng cn, tp tng vin.

Hc v mnh I.1, 16; IV.14; XIV.30 bt hon mc k tri.

Khng cu lc VII.12; XIV.24; XV.31.

Hc o VII.3 tu c XII.10, 21 sng c, bt hoc, IV.9, VIII.13 ch o, gi o. XIVII.8

lc t - hc cn cho mi c, nhng nn nh: XV.28 nhn nng hong o.

Hc sa mnh I.8, I.4 xt mnh (li Tng Sm), IX.23, XV.29, V.26 t trch mnh. XIV.10
qun t hu cu t.

Vui hc I.1 hc nhi thi cp chi, bt dic duyt h. I.14 hiu hc IV.8 triu vn hc. I.8 vui
o cn hn thch o.

Cch hc

Nht qun: IV.15, XV.2 tng hp ly mt mi.

Suy ngh: II.15 hc nhi bt t VII.8 c nht ngung. XV.15 nh chi h, 30 suy ngh khng bng
hc. IX.4 tuyt t - IX.7 tm hiu vn . II.17 tri chi vi tri chi. II.11 n c tri tn. I.15 co vng
tri lai.

Gng sc: VIII.17 hc nh bt cp. IX.18, 30 kin tm nh p ni.

Hc mi ngi: IV.17 hc ngi hin. VII.21 tam nhn hnh. V.14 bt s h vn. IV.25 c bt
c. (coi thm li T H XIX. 4, 5).

Hc g?

Hc o, vn, ngh I.6, VII.6, VII.24, VI.25 bc vn VI.16 vn ngang cht XII.8 (li T
Cng) III.16 hc bn XIII.4 khng dy nng.

Vn th c:

Thi II.2 t v t VIII.8 hng thi. XIII.5 tng thi tam bch. XVI.13 bt hc thi v d ngn
XVII.9 kh d hng, 10.
(Nhng bi dn Thi: I.14 nh thit nh tha. III.3 th Ung, III.8 xo tiu thin h, III.20 Quan th,
VIII.1 chin chin cng cng nh lm thm uyn. IX.26 bt ch bt cu IX. 30 ng l chi
hoa. X.15 th Bch Khu XIV.40 thm tc l, thin tc kh), I.12 l ho (Hu Nhc), II.5
hiu vi l.

L, nhc: III.24 nhc l. III.25 nhc Thiu, nhc V. VI.25 c chi d l. VIII.12 l vi cung,
dng, trc. IX.3 thu thi. VIII.8 lp l, thnh nhc. IX.14 nh, tng. XVI.13 bt hc l v d
lp. III.4, XVII.11 khng trng hnh thc. XVII. 18 ght Trnh thanh.

Tang, t: I.9 thn chung truy vin (Tng t) II.24 phi k qu nhi t chi. III.10, 11, 12 t nh ti.
III.1 V Bt dt. III.6 t L. III.10, 11, 12 t . II.21 n X. VI.2 l phi tu thi. XI.7, 10
tng. XI.11 yn nng s qu. XIV.41 vua c tang. XIV.42 l - XVII.21 tang ba nm. XIX.14, 17
tang, tng (Tng t).

Th: XIV.41 (dn kinh Th).

Dch: VII.16 gia ng s nin XIII.22 (dn qu Hng).

Khng ging v qui, lc, lon, thn VII.20, tnh, thin mng V.12, qu, sinh t XI.11.

CC C

Nhn III.3 gc ca l nhc IV.6 ngi yu nhn. VI.20 tin nan hu hoch VI.21 k dc lp;
IV.6, VII.29 mun nhn th c nhn IX.28 nhn gi bt u XII.22 i nhn. IV.5 khng lc
no qun nhn. I.2 hiu l gc ca nhn (li Hu Nhc). XII.2, XV.23 k s bt dc XII.3,
XIII.19 cung, knh, trung. XIII.27 gn c c nhn. IX.28 nhn, tr, dng. XII.1 nhn vi l.
XIV.1 khng chc l nhn XIV.4 nhn vi dng XV.8 st thn d thnh nhn XV.9, 34, 35
XVII.6 nm c thnh nhn XIX.6 (li T H). VI.24 nhn gi nho sn VI.24 nhn gi
kh thi, bt kh vng d.

Ngha, li IV.10, 16. VII.15 ph qu nh ph vn IV.12 li sinh on. IX.1 t hn ngn li.
XIII.17 tiu li. XVII.23 ngha, dng.

Tr IV.2 ngi nhn, ngi tr V.17 bt tr. V.20 bang hu o VI.20 tr l nhn; Knh nhi
vin chi VI.21 tr gi nho thu. IX.28 nhn tr dng. XII.22 tri nhn.

Dng II.24 v dng. IX.25 gi vng ch IX.27 gi t cch: tu hn, tng bch hu iu IX.28
nhn tr dng XIV.4 dng vi nhn XVII.23 dng, ngha.

Trung tn, thnh I.4 (li Tng t). I.8 qun t ch trung tn. I.1 (li Hu Nhc). II.22 tn. V.24
khng thnh thc. VII.24. VIII.16 ngi bt tn. VII.12 (T L tn). XV.36 tiu tn. XVII.12, 13
(hng nguyn). XIX.10.

Ngn hnh I.3, V.24 xo ngn I.24 thn ngn II.13, 18. IV.22, 24 thn ngn, mn hnh. V.19
tam t nhi hu hnh? XI.20. XIII.3 danh chnh, ngn thun. XIII.15 nht ngn kh d hng bang.
XIV.3 knh. XIV.4 ngn v c. XIV.27 ngn hnh. XV.5, XV.7 tht ngn, tht nhn, XV.26,
XV.40 t t nhi d. XVI.6 ni vi vua. XVII.14.

Hiu I.2 gc ca nhn (li Hu Nhc). I.11. II.5 hiu vi l. II.6 con au cha m lo. II.7 hiu
= knh. II.8 hiu = ho. IV.18 can cha m. IV.20 khi cha m cn, mt. IV.19 con i xa. IV.21 bit
tui cha m. VIII.4 gi trn thn th (li Tng Sm). XIII.18 hiu vi trc. XIX.18 Mnh Trang
t c hiu.

Trung th IV.15 nht qun. Ba ln ni ti th: V.11, XII.2 v XV.23 u: k s bt dc

Trung dung, trung chnh II.16 cng h d oan. VI.1 th no l qu gin? VI.27 trung dung. IX.3,
29 tu thi XI.15 qu do bt cp. XIII.21 khng trung chnh: cung, quyn.

Cc c khc I.4 thc v cu bo. IV.23 t tit ch - V.10 cng cng VI.17 trc VII.25
hng, thnh thc. VII.35 kim pht. IX.29 quyn bin XIII.32 hng tm. XIII.23 ho nhi bt
ng. XIII.26 th thi, nhn. XIV.1 khng khc, pht, on, dc. XVI.4 ba hng bn tt, - 5 ba
iu thch, 6 ba li v ni, 7 ba iu rn, 8 ba iu s. (coi thm mc Qun t).

-------------------
Ng sai. (Goldfish).

Ng sai. (Goldfish),

Ng sai. (Goldfish).

Cc bi di, trong ebook ngun khng c bi no c gch di. (Goldfish).

Thit ngh hai bi I.12 v II.5 nn sp chung vi cc bi ni v l v nhc di th phi hn.

(Goldfish).

Nn k thm bi XV.10: Khng t ch trng cm Trnh thanh v Trnh thanh dm. (Goldfish).

Bi II.21 cng c dn kinh Th (ni v o hiu). (Goldfish).

X TH

i vi tri, qu thn, mnh tri. (coi thm L).

V.12 (t ni thin o). VI.20 (knh nhi vin chi).

VII.22, IX.5 (tin mnh tri). IX.11 (bt khi thin) XI.11 (nng s nhn). XII.5 (t sinh hu
mnh) XIV.36 (mnh). XVII.19 (thin h ngn tai).

i vi cha m, anh em (coi hiu ).

Coi thm li T H I.7 i vi vua (li T H).

i vi vua I.7 (li T H) III.18 (tn l). III.19 (trung), IV.26 (can gin), XIV.22 (vt khi d,
nhi phm chi) XV.37 (th vua).

La bn v i vi bn I.7 (li T H). IV.26 (can gin) V.16 (cu nhi knh chi). IX.29 (bn
hc o). XII.23 (can rn). XII.24 (d vn hi hu). XIII.28 (bn b thit tha khuyn nhau).
XV.39 (o bt ng). XV.4 (ba hng bn tt). XIX.3 (la bn). XIX.20 (li T Cng: khng
chung vi m h lu).

i vi mi ngi IV.6 (yu ngi nhn). VI.3 (chu cp, tr lng). VI.4 (dng ngi). VIII.10
(ng ght ngi qu). XII.5 (t hi giai huynh ). XIII.25 (i vi qun t, tiu nhn). XIV.7
(yu, trung). XIV.31 (khng on trc ngi ta xu). XIV.34 (d trc bo on) XV.24 (trch
nhim). XV.27 (mi ngi yu, ght). XV.41 (nhc s m) XVII.18 (ght k b, mp).
XVII.24 (qun t ght nhng hng ngi no). XVII.25 (i vi n b v tiu nhn). XIII.19
(i vi Di, Dch).

C xt ngi I.3 (xo ngn lnh sc, t nhn). II.10 (xt vic lm). III.26 (ngi xu: khng
khoan hng, nghim tc, c tang khng bun). IV.7 (xt ngi bng li). V.9 (nghe li ni ri
xt vic). VIII.10 (k lon). VIII.11 (kiu, ln). VIII.16 (nhng ngi b i). IX.22 (hu sinh kh
u). IX.29 (bn hc tp). XI.20 (coi chng b ngoi). XIII.24 (mi ngi trong lng u a).
XV.16, 24 (khen ch ai).

Xut x IV.1 (la ch c nhn). V.1, 2, 20, VIII.13, XIV.1, 3 (bang hu o). VIII.14 (bt
ti k v). XIV.37 ( n). XVIII.3 (b vua m i).

i vi ph qu I.15 (ngho nn vui, giu nn c l). IV.5 (phi hp vi nhau). XIV.16 (ngho
khng on, giu khng kiu), XV.3 (bt u bn). VII.15 (khng ham ph qu ph qu nh ph
vn).

CC HNG NGI

Thnh

VI.28 (Nghiu, Thun). VII.25 (Thnh, qun t, thin nhn, hu hng). VIII.18 (Thun, V).
IX.6 (Khng t khng nhn l thnh) XVI.9 (sinh nhi tri chi).

Nhn

VI.21 (nhn gi nho sn). VI.28 (k dc lp). XVI.9, 16, 17 (Qun Trng). VI.5 (Nhan Hi gn
c nhn).

Ngi hon ton (thnh nhn) XIV.12.

Thin (bm sinh tt) XI.19 XIII.11, 29.

Hin VI.9 (Nhan Hi).

S IV.9 (ch o). VIII.7 (li Tng t - nhim v k s). XII.20 (th no l t s?) XIII.20 (ba
hng s) XIII.28, XIX.1.

Qun t (hoc km vi tiu nhn)

I.1 (khng bun v ngi ta khng bit mnh) I.2 (v gc). I.8 (trung tn, sa li) I.14 (thc
v cu bo). II.12 (bt kh). II.13 (ngn hnh) II.14 (chu nhi bt t). III.7 (v s tranh, tt d x
h). IV.5 (qun t vi nhn). IV.10 (v thch, v mc, ch theo ngha) IV.24 (ngn hnh). V.5
(T Tin) V.14 (T Sn) VI.11 (nho qun t). VI.16 (vn ngang cht) VI.24 (kh thi, bt
kh vng). VI.25 (vn, l). VII.36 (thn ng ng). XI.20 (c knh khi bn lun, cha l
qun t). XII.4 (cung, knh, l). XII.8 (vn v cht). XII.16 (thnh nhn chi m). XII.19 (qun t
chi c phong). XIII.3 (khng bit th b trng) XIII.23 (ho nhi bt ng). XIII.25 (d s nhi
nan duyt). XIII.26 (thi nhi bt kiu). XIV.23 (thng t). XIV.27 (s k ngn nhi qu k hnh).
XIV.28 (bt u, bt hoc, bt c). XIV.43 (tu k). XV.1 (c cng) XV.17 (ngha d vi cht).
XV.18 (bnh v nng yn) XV.21 (cng nhi bt tranh). XV.22 (bt d ngn c nhn) XV.31
(bt u bn). XV.33 (kh i th). XV.36 (trinh nhi bt lng). XVI.7, 8 (hu tam u). XVI.10
(hu cu t). XX.2 (hu nhi bt ph). XX.3 (tri mnh, tri l, tri ngn).

Hng nguyn XVII.13.

Tiu nhn XVII.15 (v s bt ch). XVII.22 (n no sut ngy m khng dng tm).

Tiu nhn v n b XVII.25 (nan dng). XVII.26 (40 tui m ai cng ght).

Coi thm cc bi XIX.7, 8, 9, 19, 21 T H v T Cng bn v qun t, tiu nhn.

CHNH TR

T tng chnh tr ri rc trong khp cc thin, lm ra ht th rm lm, nn y chng ti

ch la nhng bi chnh. Nn coi nhng li Khng t p cc nh cm quyn, cc mn sinh, coi
i sng ca ng v c nhng li gio hun ca ng na.

Chnh sch Ci cch. III.14 Ng tng Chu. XVII.5 Phc hng Chu nhng IX.3 tu thi. XV.10
lch H, xe n, m Chu. II.23 bch th kh tri. III.25 khng thch cch mng, trng nhc Thiu
hn nhc V. VII.20 ght sc mnh. - Lo cho dn sng yn vui, xa qui ph XIII.16. Ph, th,
gio XIII.9. Thc, binh, tn XII.7. Chin u XIII.29, 30. Dy dn XV.1. - t can thip vo i
sng ca dn: VI.1 hnh gin. I.5 s dn d thi. XV.4 v vi nhi tr. Knh vua nhng khng
trung qun hp hi XIV.22 XIV.16, 17 khen Qun Trng c h nh khng tn Chu. Cc ng
thnh (Nghiu, Thun, V, V) VIII.18, 19, 20, 21, XX.1. - Cc t tng gii: Qun Trng, T
Sn

c tr - II.1 sao Bc u. II.21 hiu . XV.34 nhn. Chnh danh - VI.23 c bt c. XII.11 qun
qun. XIII.19 qun t chi c phong. Trng l hn trng hnh php II.3, 23, III.19. IV.13,
XV.19, XII.13 tt d s v tng h. IV.42, XV.10 nhc Thiu. XVI.12 l nhc, XVII.4 T Du
dng nhc.
Dng ngi - VI.4 Trng Cung. XI.1 tin tin l nhc. II.19 trc XI.23, 24 i thn. XII.22
bt ngi tt. XIII.2, XIV.19 b ti tt. XVIII.10 Chu Cng khuyn B Cm.

T cch ngi tr dn (coi thm mc Qun t). Phi hc mi tr dn c XI.24. Lm gng,

dy dn XII.17, 18, 19. XIII.6, 13. VIII.2 (hiu tho). XIII.1 tin chi lao chi. VI.1 c knh hnh
gin III.19 l vi b ti. V.15 knh, hu, ngha. XII.2 nhn, XII.11 qun nhn XII.18 khng
tham. I.5 knh, tn, dng. II.18 ngn hnh. XII.14 v quyn. XIII.4 l, ngha, tn. XX.2 ng m, t
c. XV.32 tr, nhn, l. VIII.14 bt ti k v. XV.37 th vua. XVI.2 khng ln vua. Tr nc phi
bao lu? XIII.10 (3 nm), XIII.12 (30 nm, XIII.111 (100 nm).

----------------
Ng sai. (Goldfish).

Ng sai. (Goldfish).

TN NGI TN T TN TRIU I

d kim, chng ti gom tt c cc tn t v cho in ng cui mc A, B, C chng ti b

bt mt s tn khng quan trng, chng hn tn tm k s i Chu trong bi XVIII.11 Tn cc
triu i c du * trc. Tn cc mn sinh ca Khng t lp mt bn ring trn, y
khng chp li.

A.

Ai cng (L) II.9 chnh tr, III.21, VI.2, XII.9, XIV.21.

n Bnh Trng V.16.

* n II.23. III.9, 21, VIII.20, XV.10.

B.

B Cm XVIII.10

B Di, Thc T V.22, VII.14, XVI.12, XVIII.8.

(Bt s: tm k s i Chu: XVIII.11).

(Bt nhc s nc L: XVIII.9).

Bt Ht XVII.7

Bin XIV.12

C.
Cao Dao XII.22.

Cnh cng (T) XII.11 vn chnh, XVI.12 khng ng khen, XVIII.3.

Cng B Liu XVI.36.

Cng Minh Gi XIV.13.

Cng thc Vn t XIV.13, 18 (khen).

Cng Sn Pht Nhiu (coi Pht Nhiu).

Cng tn Triu (V) XIX.22.

C t XVIII.1.

C (cng t) XIV.16, 17.

C B Ngc XIV.25.

Cc T Thnh XII.8.

C Ph XIII.17.

CH.

Ch (nhc s) VIII.15, XVIII.9.

Chu cng VII.5 (mng), VIII.11, XI.16, XVIII.10.

Chu Nhm (s thn) XVI.1.

Chu Trng XVIII.8

Chc VI.14, XIV.19.

Chuyn Du XVI.1.

* Chu II.23, III.14, 21, VIII.20, XV.10.

D.

Di Dt XVIII.8.

Dip cng XIII.16, 18.

Dng Ho XVII.1.

Di, ch III.5, IX.13.

am i Dit Minh VI.12.

nh cng (L) III.19, XIII.15.

ng XIV.11.

* ng VIII.20.

G.

Gin cng (T) XIV.21.

H.

Hon cng (T) XIV.15, 16, 17.

Hon Khi VII.22.

Hoa H III.5.

H (lng) VII.28.

H IX.8.

* H (nh H) II.23, III.9, 21, XV.10.

K.

Kit Nch XVIII.6.

Khng Vn t V.14.

K III.9.

Khung IX.5 ngi Khung lm g c ta. XI.22.

Khuyt (lng) XIV.45.

L.
Lm Phng III.4, 6.

Liu H Hu XV.13, XVIII.2, 8.

Linh cng (V) XV.1.

L cng (con Chu cng) tc B Cm XVIII.10.

L V.2, VI.22, IX.14, XIII.7.

M.

Mnh Cng Xc XIV.11.

Mnh Chi Phn VI.13.

Mnh Knh t VIII.5

Mnh Trang t XIX.18.

Mnh V B II.6, V.7.

Mnh t II.5.

Min (nhc s) m XV.41.

N.

Nam t VI.26.

Ninh V t V.20.

NG.

Ngo XIV.5.

Ngh XIV.5.

Nghi Phong nhn III.24.

Nghiu VI.28, VIII.19, XX.1.

Ngu Trng XVIII.8.

Ngu XIV.11.
Nguyn Nhng XIV.44.

Nghi (p) III.24.

* Ngu XIII.20

PH.

Pht Nhiu XVII.5.

Q.

Qun Trng III.22, XIV.9, 16, 17.

Qu Khang t II.20, VI.6, XI.6, 16, XII.17, 18, 19 vn chnh, XIV.19.

Qu th (Qu Tn) III.1, 2, 6, VI.7, XVI.1, XVIII.3.

Qu t Nhin XI.23.

Qu Vn t V.19 tam t nhi hu hnh.

Qu Hon t XVIII.4.

S.

Son XIV.18.

S cung XVIII.5.

S Ng XV.6.

T.

Tam gia hay Tam Hon (ba h Mnh, Qu, Thc ca L) III.2, XVI.3.

T Khu Minh V.24.

Tang V Trng XIV.12, 14.

Tc XIV.5.

T Thm XIV.8.

T Can XVIII.1.
Tng Triu (cng t) VI.14.

T Phc Cnh B XIV.36, XIX.23.

T Sn V.15 hu, XIV.8, 9 ngoi giao, hu.

T Tang B t VI.1.

T Ty XIV.9.

T Vn V.18.

T V XIV.8.

T VI.22, VII.13, XVIII.3, 4.

Tit XIV.11.

Tng III.9.

TH.

Thang XII.22, XX.11.

Th, Thc XIV.8.

Thiu Lin XVIII.8.

Thiu Ht XIV.16.

Thi t V.18.

Thun VI.28, VIII.18, 19, 20, XII.22, XV.4, XX.1.

Thc tn V Thc XIX.23, 24.

Thc T (coi B Di).

Thc Th III.2.

Thch mn XIV.39.

Thi Sn III.6.

TR.
Trang t ( p Bin) XIV.12.

Trn Thnh t (tn Hng) XIV.21.

Trn Vn t V,18.

Triu (h) XIV.11.

Trng Thc Ng XIV.19.

Trc Cung XIII.18.

Trng Th XVIII.6.

Trn V.21, XI.2, XV.1.

Tru (p) III.15.

Trnh XIV.8 ngoi giao.

Trung Mu XVII.7.

V.

Vn cng (Tn) XIV.15.

Vn vng VIII.20, IX.15.

Vi Sinh Cao V.23.

Vi Sinh Mu XIV.32.

Vi t XVIII.1.

V vng (Chu) VIII.20, XX.1.

V (H) VIII.18, 21, XIV.5, XX.1.

Vng tn Gi III.13, XIV.19.

V VII.14, IX.14, XIII.3, 7, 9, XIV.19, 40, XV.1.

V Thnh VI.12.

V Vu XI.25, XII.21.
Y.

Y Don XII.22.

-------------------
Ebook ngun khng in ng, ti tm sa li. (Goldfish).

S 15 ny do ti ghi thm. (Goldfish).

Ebook ngun chp l: XX.22, 23. (Goldfish).

NHNG CU THNG DN

I.

1. Hu bng t vin phng lai

3. xo ngn lnh sc.

4. nht nht tam tnh ng thn.

14. thc v cu bo

16. bt hon nhn chi bt k tri.

II.

1. vi chnh d c, th nh Bc thn

2. t v t

3. thp ng ch hc

11. n c tri tn

12. qun t bt kh

15. hc nhi bt t tc vng

17. Tri chi vi tri chi

24. kin ngha bt vi, v dng d.

III.

1. th kh nhn, thc bt kh nhn (bt dt)

4. l d k xa ninh kim.

7. qun t v s tranh, tt d x h.

12. t nh ti.

13. hoch ti thin, v s cu o.

14. Ng tng Chu.

21. K vng bt cu.

IV.

8. triu vn o, tch t kh h.

14. bt hon mc tri k.

15. ng o nht d qun chi.

16. qun t d ngha.

19. ph mu ti, bt vin du.

25. c bt c, tt hu ln.

V.

9. h mc bt kh iu d.

14. bt s h vn.

19. tam t nhi hu hnh? Ti t kh h.

25. lo gi an chi.

VI.

19. trung nhn d h thng kh h ng thng.

20. knh nhi vin chi.

21. tr gi nho thu

23. c bt c
28. k dc lp nhi lp nhn nng cn th th.

VII.

1. thut nhi bt tc.

8. c nht ngung bt d tam ngung phn.

11. tng ng s hiu.

15. ph qu nh ph vn.

16. gia ng s nin

18. bt tri lo chi tng ch.

19. sinh nhi tri chi.

21. tam nhn hnh tt hu ng s.

34. Khu chi o d cu d h.

36. qun t thn ng ng.

VIII.

4. nhn chi tng t, k ngn d thin.

9. dn kh s do chi.

13. nguy bang bt nhp bang v o ph th qu yn s d.

14. bt ti k v bt mu k chnh.

IX.

4. T tuyt t: v , v tt, v c, v ng.

12. cu thin gi nhi c ch.

13. h lu chi hu.

16. th gi nh t ph.

17. v kin hiu c nh hiu sc.

22. hu sinh kh u.

25. tht phu bt kh ot ch.

27. tri tng bch chi hu iu.

XI.

11. v nng s nhn yn nng s qu.

14. thng ng, v nhp tht

15. qu do bt cp.

XII.

2. k s bt dc, vt thi nhn.

5. t sinh hu mnh t hi chi ni giai huynh .

7. dn v tn bt lp.

8. t bt cp thit (nh: nht ngn k xut t m nan truy).

9. bch tn bt tc, qun thc d tc?

13. tt d s v tng h.

24. d vn hu hi, d hu ph nhn.

XIII.

3. danh chnh ngn thun.

15. nht ngn kh d hng bang.

17. dc tc bt t, kin tiu li

23. ho nhi bt ng.

XIV.

33. k bt xng k lc, xng k c d.

39. tri k bt kh vi nhi vi chi.

XV.

1. qun t c cng.

2. v vi nhi tr.

7. tht nhn tht ngn.

8. st thn d thnh nhn.

11. v vin l tt hu cn u.

19. tt mt th nhi danh bt xng.

23. k s bt dc.

26. tiu bt nhn tt lon i mu.

28. nhn nng hong o

38. hu gio v loi.

39. o bt ng bt tng vi mu.

40. t t nhi d h.

XVI.

1. bt hon qu nhi hon bt qun dc chi nhi tt vi chi t.

7. lo gii chi ti c.

9. sinh nhi tri chi.

13. bt hc Thi v d ngn.

XVII.

1. nht nguyt th h, tu bt ng d.

2. tnh tng cn, tp tng vin.

3. thng tr, h ngu bt di.

4. ct k, yn dng ngu ao.

14. v s bt ch.

19. thin h ngn tai.

25. n t nan dng.

XVIII.

7. o chi bt hnh d tri chi h.

8. v kh v bt kh.

10. v cu b.

XIX.

20. qun t c h lu.

25. qun t nht ngn d vi tr.

XX.

1. don chp k trung; vn phng hu ti, ti ti trm cung.

2. hu nhi bt ph, lao nhi bt on. Bt gio nhi st, v chi ngc.

i li: Cu () Bt gio nhi st, v chi ngc trn, theo ebook ngun, l cu cui cun
Lun ng ca c Nguyn Hin L.

Trong phn gii thiu, c Nguyn Hin L bo:

Trong cun C vn Trung Quc (Tao n -1966), chng ti gii thiu ba bi:

I.1 Hc nhi thi tp chi

VII.14 Phu t v V qun h?

XI.25 Khng t hi v ch hng ca mt s mn sinh.

tin tham kho, di ti xin chp trn tit Lun ng trong cun C vn Trung Quc (cc bn
c th xem bi Ta ca cun ny trong tp 8 bi ta c - ti ti trang ).

Goldfish

LUN NG
 (Trch C Vn Trung Quc)

Vn hc Trung Hoa ti thi Xun Thu v Chin Quc pht trin rc r, m v s lng v s
phong ph th tn vn ln hn th.

Mi u tn vn chia lm hai phn: lun thuyt v s truyn. Phn lun thuyt cng gi l phn
tn vn ca ch t, gm ton nhng tc phm trit hc, c gi tr rt ln v t tng, i khi c
v ngh thut na.

Tc phm u tin l b Lun ng, do mn ca Khng t ghi chp nhng li dy bo ca thy

m son thnh. N m ng cho th ng lc i sau.

Chng ti khng chp li tiu s ca Khng t (551-479 trc TL) v c gi u bit c ri, ch
xin gii thiu t im c sc trong b Lun ng.

C l mn ca Khng t mi ln nghe c mt li no ca thy, thy quan trng th ghi li

lin, ri khi ngi mt mi gom gp li ch khng sp t theo mc, cho nn ta khng thy c
mt th t no c v h thng t tng; nhng s ghi chp rt ch xc, v cc c gi i
sau u cho rng ch c b l pht biu c ng hc thuyt ca ngi. Tuy nhin hnh nh
cng c vi ch do ngi i sau vit thm, chng hn nh thin Hng ng.

Ni dung ca Lun ng rt l phong ph; bao qut c trit hc, chnh tr, vn hc, gio dc,
tuy l vn k s m c tnh cch ngh lun; tng th n ho, thm thu m hm sc; ging th
nghim trang m vn thn mt, t nhin, ng l li tr chuyn gia thy tr.

Vn rt c: mt phn v thi phi khc vo th tre, rt bt tin, nn li ghi chp cn tht gn,
nhiu ch ta phi suy ngh mi tm thy mch lc t tng. Chng hn on u sch:

Hc nhi thi tp chi, bt dic duyt h? Hu bng t vin phng lai, bt dic lc h? Nhn
bt tri nhi bt un, bt dic qun t h?.

Mun cho r v ngha th chng ta phi dch ra nh vy:

Hc m mi bui mi tp, cng chng tho thch ? Khi hc tn ti ri, c nhng bn cng
ch hng vi mnh, xa nghe ting mnh m tm li bn bc vi nhau v o l, khuyn
khch ln nhau, sa i ln nhau, chng cng vui v ? Nhng nu khng ai bit ti mnh, th
mnh cng khng hn gin, (v mnh hc cu o ch khng phi cu danh), nh vy mi
l qun t.

Ta thy ngha ca ba cu lin lc cht ch vi nhau v sp theo th t t nhin, cu u vch

bc u ca ngi hc o; cu th nh xt v nhng ngi tin kha kh trn ng o; cu
cui xt v nhng ngi t mt trnh rt cao trong s tu dng.

i loi vn trong Lun ng thm trm nh vy, cng suy cng thy hng th. Ngoi ra li c
nhng on c ging phng thch nh on Qu L hi v qu thn (chng Tin Tin); nhng
cu nhiu th v nh: Tu hn nhin hu tri tng bch chi hu iu d, nhng cu cm xc
trin min nh: Th gi nh t ph, bt x tr d!.

Tm li, v hai phng din t tng v ngh thut, Lun ng c mi thi cng nhn l mt
tc phm bt h lm v vang cho dn tc Trung Quc.

Di y chng ti s gii thiu hai on, mt on cc k hm sc; mt on t tnh tnh, ch

hng cc nhn vt mt cch rt linh ng, i sau kh c ai vit hn c.

Nhim Hu vit: Phu t v V qun h? T cng vit: Nc, ng tng vn chi. Nhp vit:
B Di, Thc T, h nhn d. Vit: C chi hin nhn d. Vit: On h? Vit: Cu nhn
nhi c nhn, hu h on? Xut vit: Phu t bt v d.

Khng t lc ng nc V m vua nc V bt hiu, cp ngi ca cha trong khi cha t

lon ra nc ngoi; ri khi cha v, em qun ra c cha. Nhim Hu v T Cng, hai mn ca
Khng t, nghi thy c bnh vc vua V chng, cho nn Nhim Hu hi T Cng: Thy c v
vua V khng? v T Cng p: , chnh ti cng nh hi thy v vic y.

Ri T Cng vo hi. Nhng khng hi thng v vic vua V, nh vy Khng t s kh tr li;

theo o l th khng th no bnh vc vua V c, m theo php x th, ng lm khch
V th khng th bi xch vua V; cho nn T Cng em vic B Di, Thc T ra hi.

B Di, Thc T l hai anh em rut, con vua nc C Trc cui i Thng, u i Chu. B
Di l anh c, Thc T l em t. Vua C Trc yu Thc T, lp di ngn cho Thc T ni ngi.
Quc dn theo di mnh, lp Thc T, Thc T khng chu, nhng li B Di cho phi l. B Di
cng khng chu, nhng li cho Thc T tun lnh cha. Khng ai chu nhn ri trn c vo
ni, quc dn phi lp ngi con gia.

Vy hai ngi ly ngha lm trng, tri hn vi vua V. Nu Khng t khen B Di, Thc T,
tc th l ch vua V ri. T Cng ngh vy ri v hi:

- Tha thy, B Di, Thc T l ngi ra sao?

p:

- L ngi hin i xa.

T Cng cha hiu r, hi thm:

- Hai ng y sau khi nhng ngi, trn vo ni, c n hn g khng?

p:
- Hai ng y cu c vn ch nhn v qu nhin lm c iu nhn th cn n hn g na?

Thy thy khen B Di, Thc T, bit rng tt ch vua V, T Cng tr ra p Nhim Hu:

- Khng, thy chng v vua V u.

Qu nhin, sau thy tr Khng t b nc V m i.

Dch st ra th nh vy:

Nhim Hu hi: Thy chng ta c v vua V khng?. T Cng p: , ti cng c hi thy

v vic . Ri v hi Khng t: Tha thy, B Di, Thc T l ngi ra sao?. p: L
ngi hin i xa. Li hi: Hai ng y c n hn g khng?. p: Cu nhn m c
nhn th cn n hn g na?. T Cng tr ra bo Nhim Hu: Thy khng v vua V u.

Ph bnh on y, Phan Bi Chu vit:

Bi ny chng nhng o l hay m bt php nh chp sch li cc k tinh diu. Cu ng u

l: Phu t v V qun h?, cu di l: Phu t bt v d m chnh khong gia khng mt
ch no dy dng g n V qun c. Mt bn hi, mt bn tr li, rt l t ngoi ting
ni.

(Khng hc ng Anh Minh xut bn)

on di y di hn m cng l on chng ti thch nht trong Lun ng, v phng din

vn hc.

'

T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu, Cng Ty Hoa th ta. T vit: D ng nht nht trng h nh,
v ng d d. C tc vit: Bt ng tri d. Nh hoc tri nh, tc h d tai?.

T L sut nh nhi i vit: Thin thng chi quc, nhip h i quc chi gian, gia chi d s l,
nhn chi d c cn, Do d vi chi, b cp tam nin, kh s hu dng, th tri phng d.
Phu t sn chi. Cu, nh h nh?.

i vit: Phng lc tht thp, nh ng lc thp, Cu d vi chi, b cp tam nin, kh s tc dn.

Nh k l nhc d s qun t.

- Xch, nh h nh?.

i vit: Phi vit nng chi, nguyn hc yn. Tn miu chi s, nh hi ng, oan, chng ph,
nguyn vi tiu tng yn.

- im, nh h nh?.

C st hy, khanh nh, x st nhi tc, i vit: D h tam t gi chi son.

T vit: H thng h? Dic cc ngn k ch d.

Vit: M xun gi, xun phc k thnh, qun gi ng lc nhn, ng t lc tht nhn, dc h
Nghi, phong h V Vu, vnh nhi quy.

Phu t v nhin thn vit: Ng d im d.

DCH NGHA

T L, Tng Tch, Nhim Hu v Cng Ty Hoa ngi hu ngi. Ngi bo: Cc anh cho rng ta
c ln hn cc anh mt ngy m ngi, nhng ng ngi g c. nh, cc anh thng ni:
Chng ai bit ta. Nu c ngi bit th cc anh em ti nng g ra dng?.

T L vi vng p: V nh mt nc c mt ngn c xe, b p gia hai nc, li thm c nn

chin tranh, nhn dn chng i kh; Do ti m cm quyn chnh tr nc y th va y ba
nm, c th khin cho dn chng dng cm m li bit o l na.

Ngi mm ci. Ri hi: Cu, cn anh th th no?

p: Nh c mt nc vung vc su, by chc dm hoc nm su chc dm, Cu ti cm

quyn chnh tr nc y th va y ba nm c th khin cho dn chng c no . Cn v l
nhc th xin i bc qun t.

- Xch, cn anh th th no?.

p: V l nhc, ti khng phi gii song xin c hc. Trong vic t t tn miu, hay trong
hi ngh ca cc ch hu, Xch ti mc o l huyn oan, i m chng ph m xin lm mt
tiu tng.

- im, cn anh th th no?.

Lc Tng Tch gy n st va ngt, t n xung, nghe reng mt ting, m ng dy, p:

Ch ca ti khc hn vi ba anh .

Ngi bo: Hi g? Cng l ai ny t ch ca mnh ra m thi.

Tha rng: Nh by gi l thng cui xun, y phc ma xun may xong, nm su ngi va
tui i mi, vi su by ng t dt nhau i tm sng Nghi ri ln hng mt nn V Vu,
va i va ht, ko nhau v nh.

Khng t ngm mt cht ri than: Ta cng mun nh im vy.

- Ch c mt trang giy m t r tnh tnh, ch hng cng s tu dng ca nm nhn vt, li vn

cho thy mt cnh tri xun, c sui trong gi mt, ting n ting ht.

Tnh tnh Khng t ho nh m thn mt: ch mm ci ch khng trch T L. c b Lun

ng ta c cm tng nh lc no ngi cng au u lo vic nhn qun, ti on ny ta mi thy
ngi cng c lc a cnh thanh nhn, v nh vy ta cng mn ngi; ngi rt gn chng ta, khng
cc oan nh Mc T hay Trang T , t ti ci mc qun bnh trong tm hn, t c ci
o trung dung trong php x th.

T L c ch lm mt v tng, tnh tnh nng ny l phi (hai ch sut nh rt c ngha), li

l t ph, nn Khng t nghe xong mm ci.

Nhim Cu mun lm mt nh kinh t, cn Cng Ty Hoa mun lm mt nh l nhc, u nhn

hn T L.

Tc gi ch trng nht vo on t Tng Tch: ung dung m l . T u cu chuyn, Tng Tch

vn khoan thai bm nh cy n, nghe thy hi mi t cy n xung, (hai ch khanh nh tht
linh ng), ri ng dy p, nhng khng p ngay cu hi, cn ro n trc : Ch ca con
khc ba anh . Li l ca Tng li vn hoa: cnh dt nhau i tm v hng mt, nh mt bc
ho vui ti m sng sa. Ci vui , duy bc t quan mi bit hng, nn chnh Khng t
cng biu ng tnh, ri lin tng n i bn ba ca mnh m hi bun.

Phan Bi Chu, trong Khng hc ng, phn tch ngha trit hc ca on ; chng ti
khng ng hn vi C, nhng cng xin chp li di y v li ging ca c c ch mi m.
C vit:

Hc gi c chng () ny, ngm ngh cho su, thit c th v. Ch thy T L lm mt nh

tri binh; ch thy Nhim Cu lm mt nh l ti; ch thy Cng Ty Hoa lm mt nh l nhc,
thy l chm v ng thc dng, c Khng t h khng phi ly lm hay u! Nhng v sao
ngi biu ng tnh vi thy Tng Tch? M ch thy Tng im c g l u! V sao c Thnh
li ni rng: Ng d im d?.

Ct ngha bi ny in nh bi hc trit l. Ni rng mt xun gi l theo v l t nhin ca

tri; Qun gi ng lc nhn, ng t lc tht nhn l theo v li t nhin ca ngi; dc h
Nghi, phong h V Vu l theo li t nhin ca t. Dc ri phong, phong ri vnh, vnh ri quy,
ch l thun theo ci l t nhin m pht trin tinh thn khoi lc ca mnh. Ch nghe trn li ni,
tht l bnh thng, m d tm cho n t tinh thn, thi bo rng tm l in nh tri t, cng
khng phi qu ng, nn c Khng t ch biu ng tnh vi thy Tng im.

C Phan sut i hy sinh chin u cho t do v bnh ng trong i cch mng cng nh trong
vic tr tc, tht ng cho ta khm phc.

--------------------
Tng Tch l cha ca Tng Sm (Tng t), c hai u l ngi hin, ni ting nht l Tng Sm.

Li ni nhn. Trong s mn , Tng Tch chc khng nh tui hn Khng t bao nhiu.

ni: c ti m khng c dng.

Cc ch hu thi ch c php c ngn c chin xa; Thin T mi c c vn c.

Tc Nhim Hu.

Tc l mt nc rt nh.

Ngha l bc ti gii hn mnh.

Tc Cng Ty Hoa.

o Huyn oan l l phc rng, di, mu huyn; chng ph l m l ca s v i phu. (Phan

Bi Chu cho oan l m min ca vua ch hu v dch l: c ngi i m min, i m
chng ph th Xch ti xin lm mt tiu tng).

Tng l chc quan nh coi vic l. Tiu tng l mt v tng nh.

Tc Tng Tch.

Nguyn vn: qun gi, ngha l ngi ti tui lm l i m (l gia quan): thanh nin ti 20 tui
th lm l .

ng t l a tr con.

Nghi l tn mt con sng L - V Vu l mt ci n t, ni cao, trng nn mt m.

Cc post trn cn kh nhiu li. Ti ang c li v sa cha thm trc khi lm ebook dng
.prc. Trong khi ch i, xin mi cc bn c on sau y trong cun Nh gio h Khng
(ti chp li t trang ).

tm kim mt bi trong cun Lun ng tng ng vi bi trong cun Nh gio h Khng

(v d bi Thut nhi 30), chng ta nn i tn chng thnh s th t ca chng (tc, theo
v d trn, thnh: VII.30) v trong ebook Lun ng, trc tn mi bi ti ghi thm s th t
ca chng theo bng k sau y:
I. Hc nhi, II. Vi chnh, III. Bt dt, IV. L nhn, V. Cng D Trng, VI. Ung d, VII. Thut nhi,
VIII. Thi B, IX. T hn, X. Hng ng, XI. Tin tin, XII. Nhan Uyn, XIII. T L, XIV. Hin
vn, XV. V Linh Cng, XVI. Qu th, XVII. Dng Ho, XVII. Vi t, XIX. T Trng, XX.
Nghiu vit.

Cn s th t ca bi c th ln hn hay nh hn mt cht v trong cun Lun ng, c thin c

Nguyn Hin L chia bi li. (Goldfish).

NH GIO H KHNG
Tc gi: Nguyn Hin L

()

ng khim tn li t nh. Vua Chiu Cng nc L ci mt thiu n nc Ng cng h, nh

vy l tri l. Quan t bi (cng nh thng th b hnh) c ch Chiu Cng, hi Khng t:

- Vua Chiu Cng bit l khng?

ng p:

- Bit.

Ri lui vo nh trong.

Quan t bi li gn Vu M K, mt mn ca Khng t, bo:

- Ti nghe ni ngi qun t khng thin v; th ra ngi qun t [tr Khng t] cng thin v ?

Vu M K em li y k li vi thy, Khng t ch p:

- Khu ny tht may mn; nu c li iu g th mi ngi u bit (Thut nhi 30).

ng cng bit rng vua Chiu Cng lm mt vic tri l, nhng khng n ch vua ca mnh
trc mt ngi khc; sn lng nhn li trch ca quan t bi, ch khng ci, m cn t mang
n quan t bi vch li ca mnh na. Phi l bc i hin mi c thi nh vy c.

T cch ca ng tht cao hn chng ta nhiu qu, m ng li gn gi vi chng ta, rt t nhin,

gin d, ght bn xo ngn lnh sc, ni th ct ngi ta hiu mnh l , (t t nhi d h),
khng mu m t chut. Trong mt on sau, chng ta s thy li sng gin d, thn mt ca ng
vi cc mn sinh.

ng lc quan, vui tnh. Mt hm Dip Cng hi T L v ng. T L khng bit p sao, v

tha li vi ng. ng bo : Ti sao anh khng p nh vy: Thy ti l mt ngi ham tm hiu
iu g th qun n, vui o m qun cc ni bun, khng thy tui gi n ti? (Thut nhi 18).
ng c tnh thng ca con ngi nn rt gn chng ta. Khi mt ngi h Dip bo ng: Bn
ti hoc xm ti c nhng ngi ngay thng rt mc: h cha n cp cu th con khai tht,
ng p: Bn ti hoc xm ti ngi ngay thng c x khc vy: cha che li cho con, con
che li cho cha, nh vy l ngay thng. (T L - 18).

Mt ln khc ng mng Nguyn Nhng, mt ngi quen t lu: Hi tr khng bit knh ngi
trn, ln ln chng lm c iu g ng khen; gi m chng cht i cho ri, nh vy sng ch
ph hoi thi, ri ng cm gy g vo ng chn ca Nguyn Nhng. (Hin vn 46). R l c
ch, ngn ng ca nhng ng gi ta thng thy chung quanh ta; ng u c v trnh trng nh
cc c nho tng.

Hai truyn di y cho ta thy, nu cn, ng cng bit dng th on.

Nh Bi c mt li g nng, mun yt kin ng, ng t chi, sai ngi ra bo rng ng au khng

tip c. Ngi ny va mi bc ra, ng cm cy n st ln, va n va ca, ch cho Nh
Bi bit. (Dng Ho 19).

Ln khc, Dng Ho, mt k gian thn m ng vn ght, mun ng n thm hn, nhng ng
khng n. Hn bn sai gia nhn em tng mt con heo luc. Theo l, ng phi n cm n,
nhng ng rnh lc Dng Ho khng c nh mi ti. (Dng Ho 1).

ng c tm hn ngh s, hi nc T, ham m hc nhc Thiu ti ni lun ba thng khng bit

mi tht, v bo: Tht khng ng nhc ca vua Thun li tn thin tn m n th!. (Thut nhi
13).

Nh mi ngh s, ng rt a cm: nh ngi c tang th bun ru, n khng bao gi no; ngy
no i iu ai th hm khng n ca. (Thut nhi 9) Khi Nhan Hi (mn c ng yu
nht) cht, ng khc nc n, ti ni cc ngi chung quanh phi ngc nhin.

D thng nht l bc vn th s biu ta tng rt mc o mo, li c tinh thn hi hc hn

ht thy cc trit gia khc i Xun Thu v Chin Quc.

Trong i ng bn ba khp cc nc ch hu, c ln mn tht vng qu, ng bo: Thy tr

mnh chng phi tru, cp m lang thang trong ng hoang nh vy. o ca thy sai chng?
Sao m mnh phi gp cnh ?

Ln khc, thy tr lc nhau. T Cng i tm ng. Mt ngi dn thy ng, bo T Cng: Ti

mi thy mt ngi ng ca ng, trn nh vua Nghiu, c nh c ng Cao Dao, thp ngi
nh vua V (?), coi c v thm hi nh con ch hoang vy. Khi thy tr gp nhau ri, T Cng
k li li , Khng t mm ci bo: Ngi t hnh dng ca ta khng bit c ng khng,
nhng ci v thm hi nh con ch hoang th ng lm.

Thy tr ng vn thng thn mt ni a vi nhau nh vy. Mt hm ng bo Nhan Hi (?):

Nu anh giu c th thy mun lm qun gia cho anh.
Ln khc ng bo: Nu mun lm giu m c th lm tn cm roi nh xe hu ngi ta, ta
cng lm. (Thut nhi 11).

c Lun ng, thnh thong gp nhng bi ng t ma hoc ni a vi mn nh vy, chng

ta mm ci, tng ng nh ng thi vi chng ta, trong m ngi chung quanh ta, khng
c cht g cch bit vi ta c.

Tm li ng va l mt hc gi, mt trit nhn, va l mt ngh s gin d, t nhin.

-----------------
Nh Bi: ch Hn l , trong cun Lun ng, bi XVII.20, c Nguyn Hin L phin m l
Nh B. (Goldfish).

Coi ch thch sau. [Trong cun Khng t c on: Theo T M Thin () Khng t ku T
L li bo: Kinh Thi c cu: Chng phi con t ngu, chng phi con h m lang thang ng
vng (ng ngh ti cnh ca thy tr lc ). o ca ta sai chng, m sao ta phi gp cnh
ny?. (Goldfish).

Xin so snh vi on sau y trong cun Khng t: Trong khi ng ng mt mnh ca ng,
c ngi trong thy, i bo cho T Cng: ca ng, c mt ngi trn ging vua Nghiu, c
ging Cao Dao, vai ging T Sn, nhng t lng tr xung th km vua V ba tc, c v bn
khon lo lng nh con ch nh c tang. T Cng li ca ng kim thy, k li chuyn .
Khng t bo: Hnh dng ta ngi no t khng bit c ng khng, nhng bo ta ging con
ch nh c tang th ng qu. (Truyn ny khng thy chp trong Lun Ng). (Goldfish).

Ba truyn ny ti nh chng.