Electronic

FEBRUARY 2013
PRODUCTS
No-nonsense tools for the busy EE

Also In This Issue...

MEMS sensors
Low-cost enclosures
Energy-saving Forum

p35

A Hearst Business Publication electronicproducts.com

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 CONTENTS Vol. 55, No. 9 FEBRUARY 2013

24
Packaging 11 46
PRODUCT
Getting the enclosure OUTLOOK UPDATE
you need faster, for The next-gen Relays &
less money ultracapacitor switches

COVER STORY DEPARTMENTS

WIRELESS/NETWORKING SPECIAL
6 viewpoint:

35 Our annual look at issues facing engineers

designing wireless/networking products
8
Sensing danger

Product of the year Story

36 Camera Serial Interface (CSI-2) sensors in
embedded designs
Behind the Story:
Digital power without the digital bus

38 Wireless technologies for the smart car

11 OUTLOOK (Technology News)
The next-gen ultracapacitor
40 Three easy industrial network applications Photons made indistinguishable by
quantum frequency conversion
43 Developing Bluetooth low energy
appcessories
QED may not be QED

FEATURES 22 Product Trends:

Applications in Industrial/Automation Electronics
14 Industry Exclusive
The FIRST program for young people
46 Product Update:

18 Sensors & Transducers

Measuring gas flow with MEMS sensors
Relays & switches

NEW PRODUCTS
24 Packaging, Cabinets & Enclosures
Getting the enclosure you need faster, for 48 Components & Subassemblies
less money 49 Integrated Circuits

28 Energy-Saving Forum 50 Test & Measurement

ENERGy-SAvING INITATIvE SERIES 53 Power Sources

56 Optoelectronics
32 The next level in low-power
microcontroller design
57 Packaging & Interconnections
Current analysis tools help optimize low-power
system design

whats ONLINE... electronicproducts.com

Cover Photograph Digital imagery by Don Wilber.

Java technology for embedded systems Researchers create robot that throws up to
IS2T help prevent winter vomiting disease
From the Education Center: Mathematical breakthrough could lead to actual
How NXP and Cherrys battery-less, wireless switch works teleportation
Secure mobile app replaces your house key Low cost brings 3D printing home
Affordable luggage tracker keeps bags from being lost New mobile app reads emails aloud

Want to see what the Editors are thinking? www.electronicproducts.com/ElectronicProductsBlogs.aspx

Electronic Products Magazine (USPS 539490) (ISSN 0013-4953)Published monthly by Hearst Business Communications Inc./UTP Division, 50 Charles Lindbergh Blvd., Suite 100, Uniondale, NY 11553. Pe-
riodicals postage paid Garden City, NY and additional mailing offices. Electronic Products is distributed at no charge to qualified persons actively engaged in the authorization, recommendation or specifica-
tion of electronic components, instruments, materials, systems and subsystems. The publisher reserves the right to reject any subscription on the basis of information submitted in order to comply with audit
regulations. Paid subscriptions available: U.S. subscriber rate $65 per year, 2 years $110. Single issue, $6.00. Information contained herein is subject to change without notice. No responsibility is assumed by
the publisher for its accuracy or completeness.
Postmaster: Send address changes to Electronic Products, PO Box 3012, Northbrook, Il 60065-3012. Phone 847-559-7317
2013 by Hearst Business Communications Inc./UTP Division. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Publications Mail Agreement Number 40012807. Return Undeliverable Canadian Addresses to: Station A PO Box 12, Windsor, ON N9A 6J5

4 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

VIEWPOINT

Sensing danger
How to make schools safe havens for learning,
where adults and children know
there is no threat of sudden, life-altering violence.

O
ne of the saddest statements about the Newtown curacy, high sensing range, and low cost.
tragedy is that it was not the first time such By deploying a wireless network of such
a thing had happened. According to the devices around schools, the sudden
Web site stoptheshooting.org -- created by arrival of metallic objects of a
Alex Algard in 2009 to commemorate certain size, ones that might
the victims of the Columbine pose a threat, could be detect-
shooting -- there have been 386 ed. Sensor-location informa-
school shootings since 1992 tion could then be used to
and, in most cases, both the quickly train security cameras
shooters and the victims have on the source, to determine
been under 19 years of age. whether there was any reason
While it may be possible for further action. Creating such
to ban future access to cer- an early-warning system would
tain types of weapons and give people a chance to prepare for
ammunition clips, there are any real threat -- to go into
already a huge number of multi- lockdown and alert proper au-
round, rapid-fire weapons in thorities -- before any harm
homes across the nation. Indeed, in comes to anyone.
the immediate aftermath of the Con- Perhaps this ad hoc design
necticut slaughter, with the prospect of isnt ideal for a school security sys-
new government regulation in the off- tem, but as engineers, we do have the
ing, single-day sales of such guns hit a new peak. Its ability to create practical systems to protect such institu-
likely that these legally owned armaments will be around tions. Its something we owe our country and our kids.
for some time to come. It is fitting for U.S. citizens to have Richard Comerford
a long and serious public dialogue about gun control,
mental health services, violence and the media, and pa-
rental responsibilities and liabilities.
But we cannot wait for the outcome of such discus- EdItoRS NotE
sions to protect the well-being of school children and
teachers. We need to make sure that schools are safe ha-
vens for learning, where both adults and children know
Electronic Products
there is no threat of sudden, life-altering violence. From Introduces QR Codes
what Ive seen, I believe that advances in magnetometer New for 2013, weve added QR Codes to all of our prod-
and other sensing technology make it possible today to uct sections with a Buy Now option available. Use
set up unobtrusive ways to detect and pinpoint the pres- your QR Code Reader smartphone app to scan the
ence of weaponry near and within the grounds of our product and go instantly to our huge online inventory
schools. of electronic and engineering products at EEM.com,
Take, for example, a device like the MC3316xMT mag- where you can buy or browse products instantly!
netometer from MEMSIC, a 2012 Product of the Year rec- John Filippelli
ognized by Electronic Products for its small size, high ac-

 ELECtRoNIC PRodUCtS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

 www.mouser.com
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Mouser and Mouser Electronics are registered trademarks of Mouser Electronics, Inc. Other products, logos, and company names mentioned herein, may be trademarks of their respective owners.
 PRODUCT OF THE YEAR
Electronic
products
The STory Behind The STory
EDITORIAL STAFF
516-227-1300 FAX: 516-227-1901

Digital power without the

Content Operations Director Bryan DeLuca
516-227-1379 bdeluca@hearst.com

Managing Editor John Filippelli

516-227-1381 jfilippelli@hearst.com

Senior Editor Paul OShea

digital bus
O
941-359-8684 poshea@hearst.com
ver the past several years, low them to achieve their end goal.
Editor Christina Nickolas
516-227-1459 cnickolas@hearst.com
CUI has run into many in- Ease of use was a key driver of the
stances with customers who NSM2P design, and the PV3012s cy-
Technical Editor Jim Harrison
415-456-1404 jpharrison@hearst.com
needed/wanted the value proposi- cle-by-cycle auto-compensation was
tion of digital power, but didnt have key to the design choice. The ability to
Editor Richard Comerford
516-227-1433 rcomerford@hearst.com the necessary resources to imple- provide a customer with a plug-and-
ment such a shift and/or they didnt work module without any effort need-
Contributing Editors Michael Kawa
Steve Evanczuk want to deal with the communica- ed for compensation was critical.
tion bus associated with digital pow- The second focus for ease of use
Chief Copy Editor Leonard Schiefer
er. Typically, these customers were was access to the power management
Custom Media Editor Missy Harris
most concerned with one or two crit- and fault response features. The CUI
Online Researcher and Editor Jeffrey Bausch ical power rails and they were OK module incorporates a simple three-
Associate Editor Nicolette Emmino with the existing performance of pin I2C header that allows the cus-
Editorial Assistants/Interns Chidinma Nwosu
their traditional analog solutions. tomer to use a CUI USB-to-I2C don-
Melissa Sue Sorrells Galley CUI had been provid-
Art Director Don Wilber ing digital power design
on a custom basis for
Artist Estelle Zagaria
some time and was con-
Group Production Manager Thomas Young
tinually asked about the
Client Services Accounts Manager Amy Fischer standardization of this
Client Services Coordinators Marisa Giordano concept. Early in 2012 the
KellyAnne Zarcone company decided to de-
Audience Development Director Carolyn Giroux fine and design a product
that could help customers
Subscriber Service 1-866-813-3752 wanting to make the leap
into digital but that had
Group Publisher Steve Cholas
Electronics Group
limited resources needed
to commit to the digital
Director of Online Sales Robert McIntosh
and Operations design effort. The Novum team: (left to right) top row Doug Lefferts,
The result was the Roy Stai; 2nd row John Sellers, Ryan Gibson; 3rd row
Published by
NSM2P, the industrys Don Li, Ron Stull; Bottom row Bruce Rose, Jeff Smoot,
Hearst Business Communications, Inc. Mark Adams
UTP Division first self-compensating
A Unit of The Hearst Corporation point-of-load dc/dc module family gle and the CUI Power GUI to make
50 Charles Lindbergh Blvd.,
that needs no digital bus communi- the necessary adaptations in timing
Suite 100 Uniondale, NY 11553 cation. This product allows CUIs and ramp rates, as well as fault re-
TEL: (516) 227-1300 FAX: (516) 227-1901 customers the access to the highest- sponse management.
Robert D. Wilbanks performance, highest-density digital During development, the NSM2P
Treasurer
power module on the market with- allows the customer to access and
Catherine Bostron out the necessities of full digital im- dynamically change the necessary
Secretary
plementation across their design. requirements from their design via
William Barron
Vice President, Publishing Director, In order to achieve a no-bus mod- the I2C header, but when the module
Electronics Group ule concept, CUI had to make the is shipped to the customer for pro-
Adriana Marzovilla most critical decision of choosing a duction the I2C header is removed
Business Manager controller that would allow the flex- and is shipped preprogrammed.
ibility of design and the features/ With that in mind, one of the key
THE HEARST CORPORATION
technology that would allow for a features in the module is the ability
George R. Hearst, Jr.
Chairman self-contained optimum perfor- to store up to eight individual con-
mance module. Having worked with figurations. Thus CUI can ship a
Frank A. Bennack, Jr.
Vice Chairman & Chief Executive Officer several controller companies, CUI single part number to the customer
HEARST BUSINESS MEDIA
engineers decided that the technol- that in essence is eight unique con-
Richard P. Malloch ogy and benefits in the PV3012 con- figurations.
President & Group Head
troller from Powervation would al- Paul OShea
Robert D. Wilbanks
Group Controller

 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

ANALOG
INTEGRATION
ISNT FOR
EVERYONE

2013 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. All rights reserved. Maxim Integrated and the Maxim
Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc., in the United States and other
jurisdictions throughout the world.
The best inductor Now in a handy
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OUTLOOK News about Products...
The next-gen ultracapacitor
Energy when and where you need it
E
lectrical double-layer capacitors or ultracapacitors
can provide high power by delivering energy quick-
ly and recharge in seconds compared to hours for
other technologies. They can withstand cold tempera-
tures, shocks, and vibrations; and they can be charged
and discharged hundreds of thousands of times before
they wear out. They also contain earth-abundant and
nontoxic materials, so they are much easier on the envi-
ronment than today's batteries are. However, ultracapac-
itors have a serious drawback they have low energy-
storage capacity. At an equivalent size, an ultracapacitor
can store only about 5% as much energy as a lithium-ion
battery.
It is this need for improved
energy storage in ultracaps that
has pushed innovators such as
MIT researchers to come up
with a design that not only de-
livers energy quickly and can
be recharged in seconds, but
also has a long lifespan. The re-
searchers, who had funding
from the Ford-MIT Alliance,
looked at the design of a nano- A carbon-nanotube-coated chip for ultracapacitor design
tube-enhanced ultracapacitor
that has an electrode plate at the top and bottom with
carbon nanotubes attached vertically. A liquid electro-
lyte fills the space between the plates, and a porous sepa-
rator down the middle keeps the plates from electrically
shorting.
A voltage across the two plates induces an excess of
negative charge (electrons) on the top plate and an ex-
cess of positive charge (the absence of electrons) on the
bottom one. As a result, the nanotubes are coated by
ions of the opposite charge. When the two plates are
connected by an external loop of wire, electrons will
Photons made indistinguishable by
quantum frequency conversion
R
esearchers at NIST Center for Nanoscale Science
and Technology were able to make photons emit-
ted by quantum dots at different frequencies iden-
tical to each other by shifting their frequencies to
match. This promises the beginning of making solid-
state, single photon sources, including quantum dots,
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS
Product Technology... Product Applications
flow through that external circuit from the negative to
the positive electrode, powering an electricity-consum-
ing device along the way. Over time, both plates will
lose their charge, and the positive and negative ions will
break away and mix back into the electrolyte.
The MIT team performed detailed simulation studies
that showed that the nanotube-enhanced ultracapacitor
should be able to store more ions than conventional ac-
tivated-carbon ones can, thereby achieving higher en-
ergy storage. After testing many materials the research-
ers found a combination that worked a layer of
tungsten, then a thin layer of aluminum as the conduc-
tor, and finally a top layer of
iron oxide, the catalyst for the
process.
The MIT research team
founded a startup company,
FastCAP Systems, to commer-
cialize the nanotube-enhanced
capacitor along with systems to
enable its practical implementa-
tion. FastCAP, unveiled a car-
bon nanotube coated chip for
ultracapacitors, creating a novel
version that can store twice as
much energy and deliver seven to 15 times as much pow-
er as a conventional device can. Equipped with carbon-
nanotube-coated electrodes, the new ultracapacitor uses
low-cost, domestically abundant materials and a manu-
facturing process similar to those by the solar industry.
New technologies enabled by the new ultracapacitor in-
clude a new hybrid electric vehicle that combines fuel ef-
ficiency with high performance and dramatically lower
cost. Further information can be found at www.fastcapsys
tems.com.
Paul OShea
more useful light sources for photonic quantum infor-
mation science.
The reason why quantum dot sources are so impor-
tant is because of their high brightness, stability, and
amenability to scalable fabrication technology. However
due to frequency variations arising from nonuniform de-
www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 11
OUTLOOK
vice fabrication it has limited their usefulness.
In the past researcher have focused on tuning the
sources themselves, by inducing strain or by varying the
electrical and optical fields
surrounding the structures.
With the new approach the
team was able to manipulate
the photons after they are
generated, rather than alter-
ing the sources.
For their test, the research-
ers used photons emitted
from a semiconductor quan-
tum dot at two different fre-
quencies which are deter- The quantum frequency conversion method uses two pump lasers
whose frequency difference is matched to the difference between
mined by two of the dots the two input photon streams, causing the new photons from a
different energy states. They nonlinear crystal to be emitted at exactly the same frequency
were able to show that the (Courtesy of NIST).
photons can be converted to the same frequency, or col-
or, using quantum frequency conversion, a process in
which each a single photon stream is combined with
light from a much stronger pump laser in a nonlinear
crystal which outputs photons at a frequency that is the
sum of the two inputs.
As shown in the image above, two pump lasers are
used, with the frequency difference between them set to
QED may not be QED
R
ecent experiments done by a team of physicists at
the Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) facility at the Na-
tional Institute of Standards and Tech-
nology (see photo) indicate that the theory of
quantum electrodynamics (QED) seen as a
cornerstone of modern physics, explaining
the behavior of electrons orbiting atomic nu-
clei may require reformulation. Ironically,
the term QED (from the Latin quod erat
demonstrandum, which was to be demon-
strated) is typically used to signal that a
mathematical proof is complete; in this case,
it seems further proof is required.
The NIST Electron Beam Ion Trap seen here was used
to experiment with highly charged titanium ions.
The results indicated that the ions behaved in ways
inconsistent with quantum electrodynamics
(QED) theory.
The experiments were conducted at NIST
using wavelength dispersive spectroscopy
from the University of Melbourne to obtain
precision diffraction profiles of highly
charged atoms. The tests indicate that QED
theory as currently formulated may not pro-
vide a complete picture of reality. According to a paper
published in Physical Review Letters, the team from NIST
(Gaithersburg, MD), Australian Synchrotron and The Uni-
versity of Melbourne, (Australia), and the University of
12 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
match the difference between the two input photon
streams, causing the new photons to be at exactly the
same frequency. The team used an interference measure-
ment to confirm that the fre-
quency-converted photons
have become identical. Be-
cause this method uses rela-
tively large nonlinear crys-
tals for frequency conversion,
future work will focus on
implementing the conver-
sion method in smaller and
more scalable device archi-
tectures. This research is re-
ported in the October 5,
2012 issue of Physical Review
Letters [Two-photon inter-
ference using background-
free quantum frequency conversion of single photons
emitted by an InAs quantum dot, S. Ates, I. Agha, A.
Gulinatti, I. Rech, M. T. Rakher, A. Badolato, and K.
Srinivasan, Physical Review Letters 109, 147405 (2012)]
and also reported in the November issue of Physics To-
day. For additional information, contact Kartik Sriniva-
san at 301-975-5938.
Christina Nickolas
Debrecen (Hungary) measured the strongest resonant
transition in helium-like titanium (Ti20+).
NIST physicist John Gillaspy, a member of
the research team, explains: If 20 of titani-
ums 22 electrons are removed, it becomes a
highly charged ion that looks in many ways
like a helium atom that has been shrunk to a
tenth its original size. Ironically, in this un-
usual state, the effects of QED are magnified,
so we can explore them in more detail.
QED predicts that when an electron orbit-
ing the nucleus collides with a passing par-
ticle, the electron gains energy and moves to
a higher energy state, then decays back to its
original state, emitting a photon of a charac-
teristic frequency (color). The NIST team
found that when electrons in Ti20+ are ex-
cited in this fashion, the ion gives off pho-
tons that are noticeably different in color
than QED predicts.
Gillaspy hopes the teams finding will
stimulate others to measure the emitted
photons with even greater accuracy. Cur-
rently, the NIST team is preparing to release
the results of measurements of other colors
of light emitted from the exotic atoms that bolster the ini-
tial findings. For further information, contact John Gil-
laspy at 301-975-3236, or e-mail john.gillaspy@nist.gov.
Richard Comerford
FEBRUARY 2013
 Change Batteries in 2018
IBATTERY = 3.8A
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just 1.8A when in Burst Mode operation. Its 10mA low noise LDO adds just 1.0A of quiescent current and can be powered
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Output Current (A) , LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology, the Linear logo and Burst
Mode are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
 Industry
Exclusive
More about the FIRST
programs for young people
BY JIM HARRISON
Paul says the satisfaction that comes from working

A
s you, hopefully, have seen from our article in De- with a student on practical applications is definitely worth
cember, Electronic Products Magazine is enamored the effort. When you see the kid light up about a real-
with the group called FIRST. Our nation is facing a world application they can solve, its extremely gratifying
dearth of engineers, scientists, inventors, and technolo- he said. He said the teams routinely change from having
gists. High school students are just not very interested in 20% of them interested in going to college to 80%.
science and engineering. I guess it He suggests that if you want to join pick an existing
has become old hat. team with others that have some experience its just a
Recognizing this lot easier that way. His team meets for two hours a night,
dilemma over 20 two nights a week. But when the project gets going, and
years ago was the students want to win their contest vs other local
Mr. Dean Ka- teams, they spend a lot of other nights and weekends.
men, and in his And then, if they go to the finals in St. Louis, theres use
passion and determination to help young people discover of vacation time and other commitments. The team at
the excitement and rewards of science and technology he Hilltop has twenty student members and four mentors,
started FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science two of which are teachers.
and Technology). His vi-
sion is To transform our
culture by creating a
world where science and
technology are celebrat-
ed and where young
people dream of becom-
ing science and technol-
ogy leaders. FIRST pro-
grams in grade, junior,
and high schools involve
students in after-school
projects in robotics.
The key to this suc-
cessful organization is
their volunteer mentors
engineers and scien-
tists that give their time
to advise the school
teams. I decided to find
a real-live mentor to in-
terview and managed to
track down Paul Koniar-
ski, an electronics engi-
Paul and the Hilltop High team. Paul is seen here at the center, fourth from the right.
neer at Qualcomm and
mentor at Hilltop High School in Chula Vista, CA. Paul noted that there were times when it was midnight
Pauls been involved with FIRST since 2007, when he and the kids were right there, completely involved, and
mentored the grade school version (FIRST Lego League) at you just cant walk away. So be forewarned.
his sons 5th and 6th grade classes. He then followed his To check it out, go to this website, which will give you
son into the middle school and then high school ver- the e-mail address of your local contact: www.usfirst.org/
sions. His son is now a junior and still on a FIRST team. regional-contacts.

14 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

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 Engineering
Distribution
The Best Place to Find Help in Creating
Low-Power, Energy-Efficient Designs
S
BY MURRAY ince it is cheaper and better for the
SLOVICK environment to save energy in electronic
circuitry than to generate more of it in
power plants, it would seem prudent that energy efficiency
be considered in any embedded design activity. To reduce
power consumption without sacrificing performance
requires choosing a combination of the right chips, software
and development tools.
Power consumption in a given device is highly depen-
dent on many factors, including the semiconductor process
that is used to make the device, operating temperature (there
is much higher leakage currents at higher temperatures),
operating frequency, level of activity, and operating voltage.
For many of these factors, power con-
sumption can be reduced through in-
telligent design if the engineer has
the proper information on the perfor-
mance of the device and the require-
ments of a particular application.
The power budget used to select
MCUs, for instance, is usually set by
the system-level parameters and be-
Power consumption stages of a typical MCU. (Illustration
gins with a thorough definition of courtesy of Silicon Laboratories)
the parts intended mission, the ac-
tivities it will perform, and the desired service lifetime. But
choosing a low-power MCU can be a time-consuming and
difficult task. Even engineers with years of experience may
have difficulty establishing a power budget if they rely
solely on information from a single suppliers website since
a vendor will only provide data on its own brand parts. So to
do a proper comparison requires visiting a number of differ-
ent sites, which can consume plenty of time. A better idea is
to use a single site such as Mousers new Low Power applica-
tion training site, where you can gather the necessary
parameters on a wide range of MCUs in one place.
Whether or not you collect data from one or multiple
sites, there are a few things you should note. Many data-
sheets provide power consumption numbers for the micro-
controller without peripherals running. The additional
current drawn by the peripherals can be significant.
Consider current consumed by an analog-to-digital con-
verter (ADC), which can vary across sampling speeds and
* Optimizing Low Power Embedded Systems. Sachin Gupta and Madhan Kumar, Cypress Semiconductor
Low Power Technology
)L[[LYLULYN`LMJPLUJ`LX\HSZSVUNLYIH[[LY`SPML
;OL5L^LZ[7YVK\J[ZMVY@V\Y5L^LZ[+LZPNUZ
16 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
In Partnership with
operating modes, so the engineer must look through the
datasheet for the mode most appropriate to a given applica-
tion. Also, internal voltage references are often provided
with microcontrollers. These references are used in ADCs as
well as comparators and other analog circuits. Often, the
current consumed by the voltage reference is not included
in the current specifications for the peripheral in use. Simi-
larly, digital interface peripherals such as UART, I2C, and
SPI consume battery energy, too.
In general, the power consumption of an MCU is de-
fined by power consumed in its different operating modes,
typically active and standby (variously called sleep, hiber-
nate, etc.) for the CPU and on-chip peripherals, and taking
into account the power consumed
to transition from one mode to
another*. Written as an equation,
Total power consumed = Active
mode power + Standby (sleep)
mode power + Wake-up power.
Once these numbers have been
derived, a system designer can then
factor in the applications duty
cycles the amount of time the
application expects to spend in
standby, active, and wake-up modes to calculate an over-
all average power consumption number.
Another important tool in determining power consump-
tion can be found in an MCUs development kit, which can
reliably measure a prototypes current consumption, and may
provide supporting software tools that can clearly show the
correlation between the current being consumed and the
code thats running. The performance of the code you are
planning to run cannot be overlooked; poorly written code
itself may turn the unit into a power-hungry application, off-
setting the advantages offered by a power-stingy device.
With designing for low power at the forefront of many
engineers minds, Mousers Low Power application training
site enables engineers to take a system-wide approach to
power budget development and implementation. They can
also use it to quickly review new products and technologies,
get details on a specific application, or access a complete
library of low-power design resources.
ADVERTISEMENT
FEBRUARY 2013
 Engineering In Partnership with

Distribution
Saving a (Battery) Life
By Mouser Electronics, www.mouser.com, (800) 346-6873 only does it need to contain the latest in low-power
advancements, trends, and supporting product

C
ameras integrated into mobile phones used to be a information, the site needs to let engineers access
selling point. Now, theyre just a standard feature in information in as few clicks as possible. The one
even the most basic model. The same can be said for component engineers have in short supply is time,
many of the features now standard on shares Kevin Hess, Mouser Vice
most smartphones. At the same time President of Technical Marketing.
that the demand for performance
continues to rise, the expectation for New low-power advancements
power usage is that it continues to Recent game-changing developments
shrink. seen at Mouser are the new low current
The need for increased battery life 32-bit embedded microcontrollers
and lower energy consumption is (MCUs) that are steadily replacing former
leading designers to search for the 8-bit applications. The end-result is a
latest power-saving solutions. To richer-featured product with greater
gain a clearer view of the new efficiency at familiar price points. A key
technological advancements shaping player for innovative solutions has been
the energy-efficient future, we looked NXP Semiconductors, a company whose
to Mouser Electronics, a leading scalable MCU series is well positioned in
global semiconductor and electronic the world of green solutions.
components distributor that works NXPs long-term strategic relationship
with design engineers and buyers. with ARM allows early access to next-
Known for its rapid introduction of generation IP. This has led to the
the latest products and advanced phenomenal flexibility of the LPC800,
technologies for prototype development, the company is which includes a switch matrix that enables engineers
keenly positioned as a foremost design-fulfillment distributor to assign lean on-chip peripherals
inspiring a new generation of energy-friendly solutions. to any pin with a single line of
code or click-in configuration.
Delivering more Additionally, this solution
with less provides thoughtful features
One way that Mouser is such as decoupling the SPI
helping design engineers and processor clocks so the
tap into better energy SPI can obtain data at
efficiency is with their speeds independent of the
Low Power application CPU clock. NXP has further
training site. Engineers challenged the status quo in power
looking to stay within management with an I2C bus that allows the
ever-lower power budgets LPC800 to wait at near-zero power consumption without
can quickly review new products and technologies, get a system clock, and wake up upon a simple address match.
details on a specific application, or access a library of cutting- NXPs innovative line of MCUs finds energy savings in
edge, low power design resources. creative ways.
Much of todays advanced design solutions require
more than a list of part numbers in stock. The web To learn more about Low Power Technology, visit
experience also needs to be an informative one. Not www.mouser.com/low_power.
ADVERTISEMENT

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 17

 Sensors & Transducers

Measuring gas flow with

MEMS sensors
Having proven their worth for accelerometer applications,
MEMS sensors are also tackling gas-flow measurement
BY YONGYAO CAI Broad application limited number of suppliers. A huge
Director of Engineering The need for gas-flow measurement application is in accurately measur-
MEMSIC is wide-spread. In the medical mar- ing natural gas in the residential
www.memsic.com ket, gas-flow measurements are criti- market.

L
ike piezoresistive, piezoelectric, cal in anesthesia delivery, chroma- Recently a number of companies
and capacitive sensing tech- tography, sleep apnea, spirometers, have entered the market with MEMS
niques devices, sensors based and ventilators. In the industrial sec- mass gas-flow thermal sensors that
on thermal microelectromechanical tor, gas-flow measurement is needed are less costly and feature decent to
systems (MEMS) have enabled mo- for heating, ventilating and cooling good levels of performance. Howev-
tion sensing in acceler- er, the principles em-
ometers. These thermal ployed to realize these
sensors are less expen- sensors differ widely,
sive, more reliable, more and affect one or more
accurate, and smaller important performance
than competitive ap- parameters such as size,
proaches. Even though cost, dynamic range,
capacitive accelerome- flow rates, and suscepti-
ters can be manufac- bility to vibration.
tured on a MEMS pro- Not all thermal flow
cess, they suffer from meters are alike. Some
much lower shock sur- thermal flow meters may
vivability and reliability achieve accuracy levels
than thermal MEMS of 1%. However others
types, as do piezoresis- have accuracies in the 3
tive accelerometers. to 5% range. A compari-
Moreover, capacitive son of MEMS thermal
MEMS accelerometers flow-meter technologies
feature higher offset tem- with other technologies
perature coefficients, illustrates that MEMS
higher offset drifts, high- thermal gas-flow tech-
er levels of hysteresis, are nology is superior in six
relatively more costly, key areas: accuracy, dy-
and are generally larger namic measurement
in package size. range, size, cost, power
Thus thermal MEMS dissipation, and rugged-
sensors have clearly ness (see Table).
proven their worth for There are several dif-
accelerometer applica- Fig. 1: The MFA1100R thermal gas-flow sensor module integrates the sensing ferent thermal flow-me-
element with on-chip signal-processing and software on a monolithic CMOS
tions. However, the prin- process. ter technologies. Some
ciple of thermal sensing measure the speed of the
can also be used for gas-flow mea- (HVAC) systems and fume hoods. gas flow as heat that is added to the
surements. The MEMSIC MFA1100R Analytical instruments, fuel cells flow stream disperses and are also
gas-flow sensor' (Fig. 1) uses the same and turbines also rely on accurate known as thermal dispersion flow
thermal principle of operation as and rapid gas-flow measurements. meters. Others measure the tempera-
MEMSIC's thermal accelerometer, Such capabilities have been commer- ture difference between a heated
providing much the same proven cially available in the last few years, sensor and the ambient flow stream.
benefits over other types of gas-flow but until now have been relatively Thermal mass flow meters have
senosrs. costly, bulky, and available from a several major advantages. They're

18 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBURARY 2013

 SPaCERS aNd STaNdOffS

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Theres a keystone in every great invention Follow, THink & Learn at:
 Sensors & Transducers
relatively inexpensive and can mea-
sure the flow of some low-pressure
gases that are not dense enough for
Coriolis meters to measure. Both of
these advantages give thermal flow
meters their own unique niche in
gas-flow measurement. They also al-
low for the monitoring of a one or
more of the thermal characteristics
(temperature, thermal conductivity,
and /or specific heat) of a gaseous
media to define the mass flow rate.
But they have limitations, namely
most of the gases they can measure
accurately must be fairly clean and
non-corrosive.
Underlying technologies
Let's examine several of the major
types of gas-flow meter technologies
currently being employed. The most
common is the diaphragm/bellows
type of meter used in residential lo-
cations and is over 100 years old. It
measures the volume of the gas used.
However, it is highly affected by tem-
perature, pressure and humidity lev-
els and heating-value compensation
is required to measure the actual
amount and value of the gas moving
through the meter.
A Coriolis gas-flow meter consists
of one or more pipes with longitudi-
nally or axially displaced section(s)
that are excited to vibrate at resonant
frequency. When the gas within the
displaced section is at rest, both the
upstream and downstream portion
of the displaced section will vibrate
in phase with each other. The fre-
quency of this vibration is deter-
mined by the overall density of the
20 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBURARY 2013
pipe (including its contents). This al-
lows the meter to measure the flow-
ing density of the gas in real time.
Once the gas begins to flow, how-
ever, the Coriolis effect comes into
play. This effect implies a relation-
ship between the phase difference in
the vibration of the upstream and
downstream sections and the mass
flow rate of the fluid contained by
the pipe.
Coriolis meters have a high initial
cost. Furthermore, they become ex-
pensive and unwieldy in line sizes
above 4 inches although more re-
cently line sizes have increased up to
12 to 14 inches.
A thermistor, also known as a hot-
wire anemometer, is basically a resis-
tor thermometer or a temperature-
sensitive resistor. Thermistors are
fragile devices and are susceptible to
breakage and dirt. This makes them
unsuitable for gas-flow temperature
measurements.
Ultrasonic flow meters sense gas
flow by operating on two basic prin-
ciples: transit time or time-of-flight
and Doppler shift. The former type
is the most common.
In the time-of-flight configura-
tion, a pair of transmitters/detectors
is placed at a distance apart inside
the gas flow channel, close to the
channel wall in most cases. The time
difference between the signal trans-
mitted from up- to down-stream and
the one from down- to up-stream is
proportional to the gas flow rate.
With the Doppler shift principle,
an ultrasonic signal is transmitted
across the flow channel and is de-
flected by the particles inside the
flow stream. The measured Doppler

frequency shift is proportional to
the flow speed of the particles that
are traveling at the same speed along
with the flow stream.
Multipath ultrasonic sensing is
often used for natural gas flow mea-
surement where multiple pairs of ul-
trasonic transducers are used in the
same gas pipeline. Data obtained
from these transducers is averaged to
enhance measurement accuracy.
Ultrasonic gas flow sensing is com-
paratively costly. It also requires use
of temperature and pressure sensors
to compensate for environmental
temperature and pressure changes.
Into the vortex
A vortex-shedding flow meter makes
use of a physical principle involving
the formation of vortex swirls (vorti-
ces) downstream of an obstruction
placed in a flowing stream. This is a
bluff body that's called a shedder
bar.
Vortex flow meters are extremely
versatile for measuring gases, liquids
and steam. They're also reliable since
they have no moving parts and fea-
ture relatively high accuracy. How-
ever, the presence of a bluff body in
the stream of the gas or liquid flow
may cause some drop in pressure of
the medium being measured.
Gas flow measurements can also
be made using the turbine flow me-
ter, also known as an axial turbine
meter. It translates the mechanical
action of the turbine rotating in the
gas flow around an axis into a user-
readable rate of flow. The turbine
tends to have all the flow traveling
around it.
The advantage of this type of
measurement is higher flow rates
and less pressure loss than other ap-
proaches. Their disadvantage is that
they are less accurate at low flow
rates.
Another common gas-flow mea-
surement meter is a rotameter, part
of a class called variable area meters.
It measures the flow rate of liquid or
gas in a closed tube. Flow rate is mea-
sured by allowing the cross-sectional
area the fluid travels through to vary,
causing some measurable effect.
Several types of flow meters that
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
Measuring gas flow with MEMS sensors
rely on Bernoulli's principle, either
by measuring the differential pres-
sure within a constriction, or by
measuring static and stagnation
pressures to derive the dynamic pres-
sure. These include the Venturi me-
ter, the orifice plate the Dall tube,
the Pitot tube and a multi-hole pres-
sure probe.
Digital trends
In summary, the trend in gas-flow
measurement technology is being
helped by monolithic IC develop-
ments, particularly thermal-flow
MEMS, enabling smaller, faster and
cheaper flow sensors. This in turn is
making sensor gas flow meters more
modular and easier to interface with
computers and transmission facili-
ties, thus keeping up with a more
efficient and modern digital world.
Thermal MEMS gas-flow tech-
nology is proving its mettle in
meeting residential, commercial,
and industrial measurement needs.
They're making their application
more affordable, more flexible, and
easier to use.
FEBURARY 2013 21

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The PRoC-UI single-chip solution integrates a
wireless radio with touch-sensing circuitry for
wireless mice, trackpads, remote controls,
presenter tools, and other Human Interface
Devices (HIDs). The device combines a 2.4-
GHz proprietary WirelessUSB-NL radio with
CapSense and TrueTouch capacitive touch
technologies.
Cypress Semiconductor
www.ccypress.com
(COVER OPTION)
The XMC4500 32-bit microcontroller uses a
120-MHz Cortex-M4 core and has up to 1
MByte of flash and 160 Kbytes of RAM. It
features four 500-ns 12-bit A/D converters
and two 12-bit D/A converters. The chip
targets industrial applications with four delta
sigma demodulators, six capture/compare
units, and two positioning interface modules.
Infineon Technologies
www.infineon.com
Working in close collaboration with NXP,
element14 offers the LPC4357-EVB multimedia
evaluation kit with ARM Cortex processors. The
kit is a high-performance solution for
developing DSP and MCU applications within a
single architecture and development
$99
environment and it costs only $98. The kits
LPC4357 MCU is based on an ARM Cortex-M4
with an ARM Cortex-M0 coprocessor. The
Cortex-M4 microcontroller provides high-
performance DSP features such as single-cycle
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saturating arithmetic, and a floating-point unit.
The Cortex-M0 coprocessor offloads many of
the data movement and I/O-handling duties.
N U M B E R element14
www.element14.com
www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013
T
o find the latest information
about industrial automation,
we searched out opinions of
some industry leaders. I posed three
questions:
1. Are there any new trends in
electronics for industrial automa-
tion that stand out to you right
now?
Dr. Stephan Zizala, head of indus-
trial and multimarket microcon-
trollers at Infineon Technologies,
tells us that There is a large push
around design for energy efficiency.
This includes applications such as
inverters in renewable systems, and
an overall push to improve the effi-
ciency of motor-drives. A second
high profile area is networked con-
trol of systems. Third, the require-
ments for product reliability, such as
extended temperature range opera-
tion, and long product lifetime be-
fore obsolescence, continue to grow.
Finally, we see that the performance/
price evolution of devices based on
widely used 32-bit cores is broaden-
ing the total addressable market for
this class of microcontroller.
Ross Fosler, applications engineer
with Cypress Semiconductor, says
When it comes to industrial auto-
mation, an important area of focus is
power control and standby effi-
ciency is critical and the ability to
report energy usage is critical.
2. What is the emphasis for the
design engineer in this area right
now, from what you can see?
Mike Ulch, supplier account man-
ager at Newark / element14 says, En-
gineers are doing more with less sup-
port, while facing tighter-than-ever
time to market pressures. As a result,
they depend more and more on con-
solidated tools and support systems.
Weve seen the use of our own propri-
etary search and knowledge tool
the Knode go up considerably on
our element14 community.
Ross Fosler adds that in terms of
 Insight into current product
developments

power control, dynamic efficiency is

critical. The industry has focused on
static efficiency for a while; however,
efficiency under conditions where
the system is changing is becoming
far more of a focus. And the chal-
lenge is significant; systems need to
be smarter and more flexible to
adapt. our pSoC programmable SoC
is well suited for this trend.
3. Are there any new components
that are making a difference in in-
dustrial automation right now?
Stephan Zizala is seeing traction
around the Infineon XMC microcon-
troller family, which addresses the
dual challenge of system hardware
configuration and software complex-
ity with a new approach to program-
ming. He says the two XMC device
families feature fast embedded flash
and operation at up to 125 C. EEs ap-
preciate application-specific periph-
erals including inverter control and
real-time control for the XMC4000,
and items for lower-end applications
such as LED lighting and power sup-
plies for the XMC1000. Addressing
complexity, design engineers are now
using an FpGA-like approach to com-
bine different hardware peripherals.
For example, working in a graphical
environment, with our DAVE 3 devel-
opment tools, engineers build up the
complete application, map it auto-
matically to the microcontroller hard-
ware resources and then generate C-
code.
Mike Ulch says, in general, com-
ponents that are smaller, low power,
and smart are providing real value
and real savings. Also, communica-
tion systems that allow many tradi-
tionally hard-wired components to
be part of a network are in demand.
An example is Eatons SmartWire-DT
panel wiring solution that lets engi-
neers do away with traditional wir-
ing, saving labor and time.
Ross Fosler says he suspects new
control innovations are making a
difference more than new compo-
nents are. Two exceptions are the
introduction of silicon carbide (SiC)
diodes and the newer GaN FETs.
These devices are likely to introduce
another step in performance.both
efficiency and size, says Ross.
Jim Harrison

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 23

 Packaging, Cabinets & Enclosures
Getting the
enclosure you
need faster,
for less money
Following a few simple tips helps designers
get their products to market on budget with
the exact enclosure their design requires
BY JOSIAH HAAS
Vice President of Sales
Bud Industries
www.budind.com
W
hat distinguishes a simple
metal or plastic box from a
functional electronic en-
closure? Most often, its the modifi-
cations necessary to allow access to
the interior, stabilize and protect its
contents, and present the appropri-
ate appearance. Enclosures typically
The NEMA enclosures shown here exhibit a wide variety of cutouts and modifications that let
the products they protect work in the way the designer intended.
need a minimum of one cutout for a
power cable and often many other
modifications, which can include
holes, cutouts, tappings, gaskets,
pre-assembly, and finishing.
For many design engineers,
specifying enclosure modifications
24 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013
is the final step in the design cycle,
with time-to-market pressure lead-
ing many to demand 1 to 2 weeks
delivery rather than the 4 to 6
weeks common in the past.
Although enclosure suppliers
can typically turn around modifi-
cations in up to 6 weeks, the most
efficient ones can complete simple
modifications in as few as five days
with no charge for expediting.
With a little planning and coordi-
nation with the right supplier,
product designers can get their cre-
ations to market faster with exactly
the enclosure their design requires.
Here are a few tips that can speed
and simplify the enclosure modifi-
cation process:
 Getting the enclosure you need faster, for less money

Identify needs Modifications precisely in relation to the PCB

Identify your enclosure modification
needs as you create your product de-
sign. If you figure out your enclosure
requirements early, youll often be
able to take advantage of a stock en-
closure, which will cost substantially
less and require far less lead time
than a custom one.
For example, with extra planning
time, you have the flexibility to re-
position the mounting screws on the
PCB to line up with a stock enclo-
sures mounting bosses, or you might
select taller keys to accommodate a
standard boxs depth.
Make sure you know where the cut-
outs need to be and what tolerances
are acceptable. Some components,
such as a switch, may be connected
to the PCB with a flexible cable, in
which case the exact position of the
cutout is not critical.
However, with a component like
a data port thats mounted on the
PCB, the cutout must be positioned
mounting bosses. Tolerances de-
pend on the precision of the equip-
ment used, so ask the supplier of
your components to verify the prod-
ucts tolerances so that the enclo-
sure supplier provides a turn-key
modification for you.
Remember that two holes can be
within tolerance and still not fit your
design. If one hole is offset slightly

Make sure you know

where the cutouts
need to be....with a
component like a data
port thats mounted
on the PCB, the
cutout must be
positioned precisely
in relation to the PCB
mounting bosses.
Enclosure suppliers can easily mill
out a mounting boss or card guide
thats in the way or add tapped in-
serts to increase the stand-off to al-
low mounting the PCB closer to the
front of the enclosure.

Selection
Find a supplier with a wide selection
of sizes in the enclosure style you
prefer. Standard sizes are almost al-
ways less costly than custom ones. If
you select the right enclosure, some
modifications may not be necessary.
For example, a polycarbonate en-
closure with a clear lid eliminates
the need for cutouts for LEDs and
displays. On the other hand, sheet
metal boxes are formed by bending
metal, so the additional cost for a
custom dimension may be within
your budget, while a custom plastic
enclosure entails significant mold-
ing charges and long lead times.
Look for suppliers who have in-
vested in tooling, can produce modi-
fications rapidly, and are equipped
to accept customer CAD files.

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 25

 Packaging, Cabinets & Enclosures
to the left and the other is offset
slightly to the right, the combined
distance may be significant. Inform
your supplier which cut has the most
critical tolerance so the other cuts
can be made in relation to it.
Other considerations you should
keep in mind to streamline your
modification order are:
Mounting. Are internal or ex-
ternal mounting provisions re-
quired? Your supplier may be able
to add tapped holes or preassem-
ble mounting brackets.
Grounding. Will certain areas
The World Was or enclosure components need to
be masked for continuity? Are
Created in 6 Days. ground points or studs needed?
Suppliers can address these needs
Bud Can Modify for you.
Draft angles. Cast boxes typi-
Enclosures in 5. cally have a 1 to 2 degree taper,
which enables the casting to be
removed from the mold. This
angle may affect mounted com-
ponents, and should be taken
into consideration when making
modifications.
Wall thickness. Some compo-
nents have minimum wall thick-
ness that that they can mount to
or maximum wall thicknesses
that they can mount through.
Your next creation shouldnt have Services
to wait. Bud can make simple Take advantage of services that you
modifications to most enclosures would otherwise have to perform in
in only five days, at no extra cost. house. Most enclosure suppliers offer
Standard products ship even faster, pre-assembly of enclosure compo-
nents, including cable glands and
with same-day shipping on more
mounting brackets. Most will also
than 2,300 different models. apply decals and custom labels for
easy shipment to your customers.
Enclosures The same is true of racks and cab-
Right Now, inets. Rather than assembling cus-
Right Price. tom components in house, it can
save production time to order them
pre-assembled. Locations of access
panels, custom shelves, fans, vents,
lock hasps, power strips, casters and
levelers must be carefully specified.
If a component needs special EMI
protection, then the supplier can
mount a die-cast aluminum box on
the rack.
Consider how a custom color
could help differentiate your product
in the marketplace, which could give
you an edge in markets where com-
peting products all appear similar.
www.budind.com/83
Many suppliers offer enclosures with
440-946-3200 a powder-coat finish.
26 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013
In-house or vendor
Carefully weigh the pros and cons of
making enclosure modifications in
house. The break-even quantity for
saving money by making modifica-
tions yourself is around 50-100 pieces,
but it also depends on the type of
modification you need and the capa-
bilities you have in house. If all you
need is a drill press, its probably do-
able, but if you also have to pull a
worker off the shipping dock to run it,
make sure to factor in the cost of not
shipping for a few hours or the cost of
overtime. Other modifications, such
as silk-screening or painting, require
equipment you probably dont own.
Many OEMs who consider han-
If [an OEM]
absolutely must do
modifications in house,
they should plan for
a certain amount
of scrap. On some
projects, the cost of
modifications at the
supplier will be just a
fraction of the cost
of scrapping an
enclosure.
dling modifications in house dont
know they shouldnt use the same
drill bit for metal, plastic, and fiber-
glass, and theyre unaware of the
torque speed required to cut a polycar-
bonate box without cracking it. There-
fore, if they absolutely must do modi-
fications in house, they should plan
for a certain amount of scrap. On some
projects, the cost of modifications at
the supplier will be just a fraction of
the cost of scrapping an enclosure.
Heres whats involved in working
with an enclosure supplier to handle
the modification process. First,
download or request a DXF or STEP
file, which may be available on the
manufacturers website. Then import
the file into your CAD software and
indicate where the modifications
should be located. The supplier will
work from your file. The vendor will
then use its expertise to verify your
 Getting the enclosure you need faster, for less money

design and ensure that it will per-

How Do I?
form as anticipated.
Having the enclosure manufac-
turer make the modifications is usu-
ally the most economical decision.
Order in the largest quantity that Looking to lower your costs while finding the perfect
makes sense to minimize cost. On an enclosure? Try these Authors Tips:
automated milling machine, the run
time is only 30 to 60 seconds per en- Evaluate your enclosure requirements during
closure; setting up the machine takes your design, with an eye toward stock enclosures.
the majority of time. Robotic equip-
ment can modify multiple box sides Choose a supplier with a broad range of product
with only one setup. Although job offerings of the type youll need.
shops may be more cost competitive
on shorter runs with just one setup, Carefully determine the modifications youll
OEMs will incur extra freight costs
and shipping time, and must deal
need and how your design will impact their
with multiple suppliers. implimentation.
Dont wait Take maximum advantage of sevices offered by
Enclosures are part of the design enclosure manufacturers.
and should not be left as an after-
thought. Once product designers Evaluate the real cost of making modifications in-
discover the ways that their suppli- house, particularly scrap costs.
ers can modify a stock enclosure,
they have the freedom to focus on Make decisions as early as possible.
more critical parts of their jobs, re-
duce costs, and get products to
Richard Comerford
market faster.

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95-140 & 85-265VAC
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ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 27


Forum on Energy Saving
BY JIM HARRISON
F
or this months forum on energy
savings, which is always a hot
topic, we asked five experts for
their perspectives on three topics.
1. In the past 6 months, or so, have
you seen any new designs that have
a significant energy-saving factor to
them?
Larry Spaziani (Executive Director
Business Development, International Rec-
tifier): Not only for the last 6 months
but for the last 3 years, designs by our
customers in the server and commu-
nications segments, in particular, have
been emphasizing higher and higher
efficiency driven by the requests
from their customers. Weve been see-
ing the following trends more recently
28 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
technology
roundtable
regarding efficiency: performance of their systems.
Higher efficiency at three power Digital bus capability on lower
points: Low load (10%), peak effi- and lower output current point-
ciency and full load of-load dc/dc converters. Where-
(90-100%). This is as in the past, system engineers
because more and monitored just high-current de-
more SoCs have vices, theyre now monitoring all
operating modes their devices to as low as 3 A over
that vary from en- the entire board. At IR, we con-
ergy-savings stand- tinue to improve reporting accu-
by modes to high- racy and add PMBus features on
performance turbo our entire portfolio to meet and
modes. exceed these needs.
Higher accuracy in Eric Hardt (Application Engineer, IXYS):
reporting current and power to There are several perspectives on ways
the system. System engineers are designers look at the complete system
using very accurate feedback from level solutions very early in the design
the power management devices where historically each specialized
like IRs digital power manage- team focuses on a component. This is
ment devices to control the exact especially true in power semiconduc-
FEBRUARY 2013
 Energy Saving Forum

tor packaging technology. Semicon- Subscriber Frank Neu (Project Engi- Eric Hardt: I would say that not all
ductor companies are coming up with neer at Verlex) has not worked with motor controls are at the highest state
power MOSFETs any designs recently where energy of efficiency. A distinction between
and IGBTs in low- saving was a priority. motor and motor control has to be
profile, compact, 2. How would you characterize the made as well.
and more energy current state of high efficiency Example: Some BLDC motor ap-
efficient packages. motor control? Are almost all new plications have to meet very stringent
There are also peo- motors and controllers now sold of BOM requirements such as in the au-
ple thinking about the high efficiency type? Do you tomotive and telecommunication in-
alternative-energy think they can they be made more dustry. These motors can range from
sources for aiding efficient at a reasonable cost? single phase to 3-phase with efficien-
design efficiency
in designs and for
capturing and reuse of otherwise wast-
ed energy.
Guido Remmerie (Director, Industrial
ASSPs, ON Semiconductor): Since the
Light+Building event in Germany
earlier in 2012, we have seen the
KNX standard (for building automa-
tion) become more visible and its ap-
plication is becoming more wide-
spread. There is more interest in
building automation and the related
energy savings,
along with the in-
creased comfort.
There is also an
increased offering
of enabling prod-
ucts on the mar-
ket. Several silicon
suppliers now of-
fer KNX modems
for twisted pair
while in the past it was a Siemens-
only party. Several other companies
have developed KNX SW stacks, and
also microcontroller builders are use-
ing the new transceivers as enablers
for their CPUs in this market.
Electronic Products subscriber John
Massa (Datadog Systems, Hayward, CA)
works with energy-saving systems all
the time. He is currently working on
LED street light retro fit systems and
the converter de-
sign is getting
greater than 90%
efficiency from
120/220/270-Vac
input to the LED
assembly. Ther-
mal design is an
important factor
here and John
cautions that
some street lamp systems out there
do not have the thermal part of the
design optimized and this will great-
ly effect longevity.

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 29

technology
roundtable
cies ranging from 20% (single phase)
to less than 60% (three phase), and
even sophisticated motor control al-
gorithms such as sinusoidal control
(sinusoidal PWM, field-oriented con-
trol) will not be able to increase their
efficiency, unless more sophisticated
electro-dynamic motor designs are
chosen.
However, using sophisticated mo-
tor control algorithm in conjunction
with inferior electro-magnetic BLDC
designs may contribute to higher
motor driver component lifetime
(ball-bearing and electrolytic capaci-
tors) and less electrical noise. This
too is not always feasible because so-
phisticated motor control algorithms
require MCUs with higher clock rates
and more memory resources, which
may be too expensive.
In higher-profit-margin products
such as white goods and heavy in-
dustry, motors of higher quality can
be used, such as ACIM brushless and
permanent magnet synchronous
motors. They are typically driven
with advanced motor control algo-
rithms, as previously noted, and are
using more powerful MCUs as well.
Guido Remmerie: For sub-100-W
motors, BLDC motors are being used
more and more. Sensorless position
control has become commonplace.
There is still room for improvement
at the level of the motor controllers

Ecient POWER
and the algorithms used. This area
should not require a major cost in-

SOLUTIONS
crease.
John Massa: Motor control is gotten

from the wall to the point of load

TM much more efficient in recent years.
What needs to happen now is for the
drive electronics to get smaller, more
compact, easier to install. The FETs
and IGBTs are available with lower
on-resistance so the end use can get a
more reasonable return on their in-
vestment and that makes every-
one happy.
Frank Neu: Ive been working with
small motors, and we dont see much
improved efficiency there. These
10 W~468 W motors dont take a lot of energy in
the first place.
3. Are design engineers very energy
Digital Power Modules
aware right now. Is it a high prior-
Intermediate Bus l Point of Load
ity, and if so are they energy careful
out of concern for the environment
or for other reasons?
Larry Spaziani: Every engineer,
0.25 W~600 W component engineer, and purchas-
ing agent involved with higher-per-
Dc-Dc Converters formance systems such as network-
Board Mount l Chassis Mount ing, datacomm, telecomm, and
servers is fully aware of energy
performance. It has become part of
the designers DNA over the last 12
to 24 months, as higher-efficiency
1 W~2400 W systems are required. Some reasons
are as follows:
Ac-Dc Power Supplies With the explosion of wireless
bandwidth, every aspect of data
Open Frame l Chassis Mount l External
storage and networking is having
exponential growth. However,
every inch of space has been
filled over the last several years to
meet the demanding needs, and
With a continuous focus on eciency, density, and system optimization, the new problem is how to ex-
we keep our customers on the leading-edge of the power curve. pand without expanding
space. The easiest answer is to re-
place outdated inefficient equip-
ment with newer technology that
realizes both higher density and
lower power.
www.cui.com/power

30 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013


Total cost of ownership (power
requirements and electricity
costs) are being monitored, or
even passed down to end custom-
ers by cloud computer services
and data centers. Engineers are
crafting systems that can assure
their end customers that (a) the
new equipment reaches state-of-
the-art efficiency levels and (b)
the on-board monitoring pro-
vides extremely accurate power
reporting (to bill clients, or moni-
tor and adjust system perfor-
mance).
Guido Remmerie: Energy awareness
at the designer level is mainly driven
by the specification imposed by the
market, which is in turn driven by
the need to operate on batteries and
increase the battery life, or operate
without batteries altogether. An ex-
ample is the ZigBee GP (Green Pow-
er) profile intended for operation
without batteries, just using the en-
ergy provided by physical actuation
while pushing a button without in-
termediate storage or accumulation.
This and similar initiatives enable a
Our GRN Series is Growing!
, {xE, -ii*i-
Medical>`Industrial>V>
{x7>"\ 7>-}i"\ n7>"\
x{x Size Size x Size
n Peak Efficiency Peak Efficiency
< Watt No-Load Input Power < Watt No-Load Input Power
EN 60601-1 & EN 60950-1 Safety EN 60601-1 & EN 60950-1 Safety
-i>,>` `iVU>iJ`iV
7i >i]*
n 570-824-4666U>\xn{{n{
new way of operation and comfort,
but at the same time fuel low-energy
developments.
Eric Hardt: The demand for more ef-
ficient motor control has risen in the
last two decades, and engineering ef-
ficiency awareness is driven largely
by government regulation and cus-
Are design
engineers very
energy aware
right now. Is
energy a high
priority?
tomer demand trying to satisfy mar-
kets regulated by these requirements.
Some industry applications have to
meet certain efficiency benchmarks
and many motor control engineers
are in the process of adapting to
, n-ii*i-
Medical>`Industrial>V>
n7>-}i"\
x{x Size
n Peak Efficiency
< Watt No-Load Input Power
EN 60601-1 & EN 60950-1 Safety
ipdpower.com
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS
Energy Saving Forum
those requirements by implement-
ing and learning about more sophis-
ticated control algorithms.
Not only are design engineers
very energy aware nowadays, but
they are also placing a higher priori-
ty on designing lighter power con-
version systems. Weight reduction
in power systems translates into re-
duced greenhouse gas emissions in
the production, shipping, and use of
power products. Lighter products use
fewer materials, require less energy
to ship, and result in less heavy sys-
tems a critical desired feature in
the automotive, transportation, and
portable electronic industries.
John Massa: Yes. Engineers I talk
with are very interested in anything
that will help them save energy.
They do this because its part of
their job and also they feel a profes-
sional responsibility to do the right
thing.
Frank Neu: Theres been lots of talk
about global warming, but a lot of us
engineers arent so sure of the origins
of this problem. We still always like to
save power in our designs.
n Peak Efficiency
< Watt No-Load Input Power
EN 60601-1 & EN 60950-1 Safety

VVii`
www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 31
EnErgy-saving
InItIatIve an electronic products special series

The next level in low-power

microcontroller design
Current analysis tools help optimize
low-power system design
BY JASON TOLLEFSON snapshot as the code is executed. now, you have a link
Senior Product Marketing Engineer between consumption and execution.
Microchip Technology One example of a number of such tools that you can
www.microchip.com find now is the MPLaB rEaL iCE Power Monitor from

Y
ouve done your homework and selected a great Microchip, which is used in conjunction with the MPLaB
low-power MCU. The sleep current is incredibly rEaL iCE in-circuit emulator (see Fig. 1).
low, the run current is great, but somehow you are all of the current-analysis tools on the market provide
not meeting the application lifetime needs of your bat- measurement and a graphical history of current values.
tery-powered design. you need to take current savings to However there are notable differences when it comes to
the next level. the resolution of the current mea-
selecting a low-power MCU surement and the level of integra-
has never been easier. Many tion to the related iDE.
vendors now offer MCUs that Power Monitor is a single-board
focus on low power. They in- solution that is integrated into the
clude an arsenal of new low- MPLaB X iDE, and features a mea-
power modes, ready to wage surement range of of 200 na to 1
war on your power problems. a. The tool is fast, with a sampling
However, once you have select- rate of 1 MHz, so short current
ed your MCU, you are present- bursts can be detected. The Power
ed with an open array of choic- Monitor also features current
es for implementation. you threshold break points, allowing
need to know the impact of pe- you to quickly identify high-cur-
ripherals on power consump- rent-consuming code.
tion: Can i leave an a/D con- The current and voltage are dis-
verter on all the time and played within the iDE window as
sample continuously, or must i shown in Fig. 2.
implement a sampling meth-
odology? should i shut down Achieving the next level:
the CPU core while sending Fig. 1: Microchip Technologys MPLAB REAL ICE emulator
with Power Monitor attached.
An example
data out the UarT? should i in low-power applications, there is
implement a wait loop with a While instruction, or some a lot of time spent waiting for something to happen. The
other type of software structure? Without visibility into applications remain in sleep for long periods of time, then
these types of tradeoffs, it will be hard to answer these ques- awake and execute the code. in sleep, there is often a tim-
tions and even harder to improve your battery life. er that must expire to awaken the MCU. in run, we often
To get to the next level, MCU selection is no longer wait in a simple While (1) loop until an a/D or UarT fin-
sufficient; you must understand the impact of your soft- ishes its operation.
ware on current consumption. Current-measurement probes can be used to evaluate
ways for improving upon the current consumed, by al-
Help getting there lowing us to shed light on inefficient software.
Current-analysis tools are beginning to come out that can This was very evident when Microchip was character-
guide you to the next level. The plain old ammeter does izing run current on one of our newer MCUs, called the
not provide all real-time information needed. instead, it PiC24FJ128ga310. This MCU had internal flash improve-
gives an average current. a current-analysis tools advan- ments that should have reduced run current by nearly
tage is tying current consumption directly back to soft- half. But, at first, the design team did not see the expected
ware, and capturing a historical current consumption improvements.

32 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

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uc k Features
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THE POWER MANAGEMENT LEADER
EnErgy-saving Low-power MCU design
InItIatIve
while(1)
}
This setup resulted in a Power analyzer reading of 230 a
running at 1 MHz, which did not match with the expected
result. The team realized that this type of software imple-
mentation did not take advantage of the MCUs architec-
tural improvements. Their next code looked like this:
int main(void)
{
//Set ports to outputs
void config_ports(void)
//Gate off all peripherals eliminating switching current
void PMD_on(void)
//Nop();
//Endless loop to measure Run current
while(1)
Fig. 2: MPLAB X IDE with its integrated power monitor graph. {

The code was very simple and looked like this: }

}
int main(void) By simply commenting out the nop (), this aligned the
{ memory fetch to the flash size and the measured power
//Set ports to outputs was cut to 150 a a reduction of 35%.
void config_ports(void) next, the team added repeat () instructions followed
//Gate off all peripherals eliminating switching current by nop() instructions to the loop, resulting in further re-
void PMD_on(void) ductions to the run currentachieving 95 a. a 58% re-
Nop(); duction, all dependent upon software coding style, as
//Endless loop to measure Run current measured by the Power Monitor.

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34 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

Elect ronic
February 2013

products
electronicproducts.com

Wireless/
Networking
Special
Camera Serial
Interface sensors
in embedded
designs 36

Wireless
technologies
for the
smart car 38

Three easy
network
applications 40

Developing
Bluetooth
low energy
appcessories 43
 special
Wireless/NetWorkiNg

Camera Serial Interface (CSI-2)

sensors in embedded designs
Microcontroller designs can make use of a
CSI-2 image sensor connection
BY TED MARENA practical data rate limit for a CSI-2 in- be connected directly to a CSI-2 image
Director of Solutions Marketing terface is less than 1 Gbit/s, but often sensor like an AP can. For these de-
Lattice Semiconductor it is less than 700 Mbits/s. For exam- signs an external bridge is needed (see
www.latticesemi.com/csi2bridge ple, a high-definition 1080p60 video Fig. 2).
signal would be transmitted with four A low-density FPGA is an ideal

T
he majority of cameras in high-
volume consumer products,
such as smartphones and tab-
lets, use MIPI (Mobile In-
dustry Processor Interface)-
based sensors. The most
commonly used interface
for this type of image sensor
is the CSI-2 specification
(Camera Serial Interface).
CSI-2 consists of a unique
physical bus that contains a
differential clock and from
one to four differential data
lanes. This interface is called Figure 1: A CSI-2 sensor interface
a D-PHY. What makes the
D-PHY unique is that it can
change on the
fly from differ-
ential, to single-
ended signaling.
High Speed (HS)
mode is differen-
tial, and single-
ended mode is
called low power Figure 2. CSI-2 to CMOS Parallel Block Diagram
(LP). A high-per-
formance video from a CSI-2 image
sensor will use the HS differential
data mode.
The CSI-2 HS interface operates
electrically as a SLVS (scalable-low-
voltage-signaling) standard device
with a 200-mV common-mode volt-
age. The clock is DDR source synchro-
nous, and the number of data lanes
for a CSI-2 interface can vary from
one to four lanes. Each data lane
transmits 8-bit serial data. The higher
the image sensor resolution and frame
rate, the more data lanes, and higher
speed for each, will be required. The
differential data lanes, each running
up to about 500 Mbits/s. Figure 1
shows a typical block diagram.
In many of these applications the
CSI-2 image sensor would be config-
ured at power up and set to transmit
the frames in HS mode continuously.
This is free-running clock mode or
fixed high-speed mode.
The challenge for these non-con-
sumer-based camera designs is that
most do not use an applications pro-
cessor, instead they may have an im-
age signal processor (ISP) or a micro-
controller without a CSI-2 interface.
They may use a traditional CMOS bus
for their camera interface. MCUs with
a parallel CMOS interface bus cannot
component for this bridge design,
and reference designs are available
for this method. For example, the
Lattice MachXO2 FPGA has a
bank of configurable differen-
tial I/Os that can be leveraged
to support the CSI-2 HS inter-
face. If the end application
can use the CSI-2 image sensor
in free-running clock mode,
then the implementation is
straightforward with a seam-
less connection between the
devices. If both HS and LP
modes need to be supported,
then the MachXO2 FPGA can
support this with external dis-
crete components
and additional I/O
pins. From one to
four data lanes are
supported with data
rates of up to 750
Mbits/s.
The 1200 LUT
density of the this
FPGA can create a
two-lane CSI-2 to parallel bridge to
support the free-running clock mode.
To support 1080p30 resolution, the
device would consume 66 mW and
require no external components. If
the image sensor is used in both LP
and HS mode, then the power con-
sumption when in LP mode would be
30 mW. Overall, the FPGA density
size and power will be dependent on
the number of CSI-2 data lanes, the
resolution, and how many modes are
needed. This FPGA solution allows a
user to configure a CSI-2 interface for
specific requirements.

36 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

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Wireless/NetWorkiNg
Wireless technologies
for the smart car
The importance of improving safety and the overall driving
BY YUJI NAKANISHI
Strategic Marketing Manager
Murata Americas
www.murata.com
T
he 2013 fleet of new vehicles
differs in design, passenger ca-
pacity, and driving abili-
ties, yet all of the vehicles come
with technologies that make
them smart. Sensors for safety,
fuel economy, and comfort, not
to mention a wide variety of
wireless communications op-
tions, are becoming more ubiqui-
tous in vehicles of all makes and
models. What is even more excit-
ing is what smart-car technology
will look like 10 years down the
road. Car-to-car and even car-to-
infrastructure communication,
known as V2X, will be in future
vehicles. Much of this current
and futuristic technology is owed to
advancements in automotive-grade
components, which aid automakers
in their pursuit of smarter cars.
Taking a closer look at current au-
tomotive wireless communications is
easy, as it has become a larger part of
most drivers experience. Bluetooth
capability, for hands-free dialing, Wi-
Fi, and cell phone connectivity (think
OnStar) are included in many vehi-
cles option packages. Now some auto
manufacturers use the drivers smart-
phone to provide wireless communi-
cation, eliminating the need to inte-
grate cell function into their own
systems.
Wireless communications doesnt
just refer to the ability to sync a
phone to the car. RF technology pro-
vides important safety and fuel econ-
omy capabilities. For example, radar
is used for adaptive cruise control
and forward crash avoidance. Ultra-
38 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
special
sonic sensing provides back sonar
(also known as rear obstacle detec-
tion) and automatic parking. For fuel
economy and reduced emissions,
real-time traffic information, through
cloud communication to the naviga-
tion system, helps avoid traffic con-
gestion. Thus, wireless communica-
tion has grown to mean more than
just an on-board GPS.
Innovations in fuel economy, en-
tertainment, and comfort will con-
tinue to advance, but 10 years from
now, cars will have more wireless
communication systems that focus
on safety. There are international in-
field trials and approximately 3,000
vehicles currently being tested in
Ann Arbor, MI, for vehicle-to-vehicle
(V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure
(V2I). This V2X capability will help
prevent accidents and even aid emer-
gency responders in reaching their
destination without having to fight
through traffic and congestion. The
U.S. Department of Transportations
Connected Vehicle program is ex-
pected to consider making this type
of technology standard. Looking
even further ahead, cars could ulti-
mately have Auto Drive capabilities
FEBRUARY 2013
by using a cloud connection and var-
ious sensors.
Automotive-grade
components
None of these features would be pos-
sible without the use of automotive-
grade components. To be
clear, much of the technolo-
gy behind the wireless com-
munications mentioned
above can be used in con-
sumer electronics. For use in
automotive applications,
though, the same compo-
nents found in televisions
and mobile devices must
meet much stricter automo-
tive standards. An automo-
tive environment is harsher
compared to the consumer
one, with higher tempera-
tures, longer heat cycles,
more intense vibrations and shocks,
as well as humidity. The guts of wire-
less communications in automotive
applications must be more robust in
order to properly function.
Another difference between auto-
motive grade and consumer grade is
the product life span. People easily
replace phones, laptops, televisions,
and other consumer products every
few years, either because the product
no longer works or because they want
to upgrade to a newer model. How-
ever, cars and trucks are not so easily
or inexpensively replaced. Given
that, the technology inside automo-
tive equipment needs to last much
longer.
Despite the challenges automotive
wireless communications present,
the importance of improving safety
and the over-all driving experience
will continue to push forward inno-
vative technologies.
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Wireless/NetWorkiNg
Three easy industrial
network applications
802.15.4 wireless is a proven and accepted technology that works
BY TODD HANSON
Director of Wireless Solutions
Honeywell Sensing and Control
http://sensing.honeywell.com
I
ndustrial wireless networks are be-
coming very popular due to proven
wireless technology, especially
802.15.4, which can cost effectively
handle a wide range of sensing, con-
trol, and management functions. The
move from wired to wireless networks
in industrial, manufacturing, and
warehousing applications is to reduce
costs, improve uptime, save energy,
Since 1974
Thick & Thin Film Resistors
RCI Series & TPI Series
special
and improve workplace safety.
Installation costs are cut by elimi-
nating many wiring expenses and ca-
ble-routing problems, while placing
fewer restrictions on the location and
placement of equipment. And wireless
can reduce related costs for items like
conduits and connectors. Another im-
portant factor is the speed of installa-
tion, particularly for factory floors that
need to reconfigure their manufactur-
ing and assembly lines quickly and ef-
ficiently. In wireless implementations,
plant managers simply move the as-
sembly machines to new locations and
Al N Power Resistors & Terminations
N-Series
turn on the wireless network, eliminat-
ing the need to re-route cables or deal
with new data cables.
Wireless to control and
manage energy usage
Large manufacturing plants, especially
in the automotive industry, often have
numerous large doors that, if left open
when not in use, can result in a waste
of energy in heating and air condition-
ing. A wireless switch or position sen-
sor on a door that communicates to a
local server and then to the web en-
ables easy moni-
toring of the open/
close status of these
doors using an app
for the smartphone
or other web-con-
nected device (see
Fig. 1).
Fig. 1: Wireless
networks connected
to the web can be
monitored via a
smartphone.
Wireless for industrial safety
Most industrial plants and facilities
use a combination of safety showers
and eye washes for chemical exposure
hazards. Having a notification system
that informs plant management or
EMS personnel that an emergency has
occurred, is a rising requirement with-
in these plants and is being reviewed
by governing bodies as a pending reg-
5

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/+
 5
+1#-
/&*$.
/+

 ulation.
5
+(#-*!#.
/+
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%-!/#-&4#"
/+
4 These showers and eye baths can be
5
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/+
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  located indoors or out, often in loca-
5
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/+
 5
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/+
 tions where it would be cost prohibi-
5
+
+),(&*/
&!'#(
--&#-
#-)&*(. 5
+("#-
,+23
+-
&-# +*"
#-)&*(. tive to run a data cable. Wireless also
5
&((&+*.
&*
/+!' 5

##'.
2
#"
&)#! allows these safety showers and alarm
switches to be easily moved and repo-
sitioned.
Many current safety showers use an
in-line flow switch that activates auto-

40 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

 No other oscilloscope can touch it.
But you can.

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 special Three easy industrial network applications
Wireless/NetWorkiNg

matically. These are often dif- Most users prefer to in- Industrial wireless for airport
ficult to maintain and are sub- stall the switch so that security
ject to failure and costly to an alarm is sent auto- Airport hangars are often located a dis-
replace. It is simple and cost ef- matically upon actua- tance away from their associated offic-
fective to use a wireless system tion. In other cases, a es or security checkpoints. The chal-
to replace them (see Fig. 2). simple manual wireless lenge is to monitor the status of these
push button switch can doors, especially the small cutout doors
Fig. 2: Honeywells battery-operated
Wireless Operator Interface (WOI) can be send a true alarm to that are used for personnel access when
used for a safety shower or eye wash basin alert. plant management. the main door is closed (see Fig. 3). If
the large hangar door rolls up while
the pocket door is open, it can result in
expensive damage. And with the need
for increased security awareness, being
able to monitor and track access to air-
craft is critical.

Fig. 3: Switches mounted on the small

hangar access door provide security.

In addition to solving the problem

of installing and maintaining long ca-
ble runs underneath the pavement,
the hangar doors cause extensive mov-
ing and flexing of cables that often re-
sults in breakage. Using battery-pow-
ered wireless sensors, there is no need
for either data or power cables.
Additional security is provided by
the networks ongoing self-reporting
ensuring that the connections are se-
cure and that battery power is ade-
quate.

Wireless helps prevent truck-

stop thieves
Wireless networks are being installed
in truck stops across the nation to help
monitor remote diesel and gas pumps
in order to prevent theft. Some truck
drivers and operators have learned
how to open the pumps and then set
them so that they can pump fuel into
their vehicles without it registering on
the stations controllers or cash regis-
ters. By attaching wireless sensors on
the pumps that send an alarm to the
office, the station operators know
when a pump has been opened and
can take corrective action.
Installing a wireless 802.15.4 net-
work is much less expensive than a
hard-wired solution and only takes a
few hours to set up and install.

42 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

 special
Wireless/NetWorkiNg

Developing Bluetooth low

energy appcessories
What you need to know and what are the challenges when
creating an appcessory design for a smartphone
BY JARLE BOE energy) standard or a smartphone wireless sensors for an unlimited
System Applications Manager accessory designed to run an app or number of potential applications. Just
Low Power RF appcessory. like the launch of the iPhone created
Texas Instruments Traditionally, Bluetooth has been a new ecosystem of app developers
www.ti.com used for streaming audio. With the with creative ideas, the launch of

L
ike most smartphone owners, I
have a dream to make my own
app. And like most app dream-
ers, I have discovered that most of
the apps are already invented. But
now, thanks to low-power and low-
cost MEMs sensors, I have the chance
to develop a new type of app with
the Bluetooth Smart (Bluetooth low
Bluetooth low energy extension as part
of the Bluetooth v4.0 specification, ap-
plications can operate for years on a
single coin cell battery at the expense
of lower data bandwidth between the
accessory and the phone.
Bluetooth low energy fosters the
creativity of app developers to collect
real world sensor data from advanced
more Bluetooth low energy-enabled
smartphones opens up a world of new
app opportunities. However, there is
still a challenge in that app-
cessory design requires a combination
of skills and knowledge, including
sensors, RF, hardware design, embed-
ded firmware, and smartphone app
development.

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 43

 special
Wireless/NetWorkiNg
Sensor design
In the last few years, an amazing
number of advanced low-cost
MEMS sensors with digital inter-
face and very low power consump-
tion have been released. In creating
the SensorTag development kit, our
goal was to make a Bluetooth low
energy device with the maximum
number of sensors while achieving
years of battery life on a single coin
cell battery.
As shown in Fig. 1, we ended up
with six sensors chosen for their
very low sleep current and digital
I2C sensor interface. Each of the sen-
sors has separate enable signals and
the sensor reading intervals are pro-
grammable to be optimized for vari-
ous applications.
Hardware and RF
design
You can make your own RF
design if you are experienced.
If not, I recommend using a
reference design. Do copy ev-
erything in the RF design ac-
curately; use the same board-
layer buildup and thickness.
Keep the same dimensions
and distance between compo-
nents, and be prepared to Fig. 2: The SensorTag user interface on an IPad.
make a few spins of the board
until the design is final.
Note that products contain-
ing Bluetooth radios require
radio certification from the
FCC (U.S.), IC (Canada), and
ETSI (Europe) to be sold in
each region. FCC/ETSI/IC test-
ing and paperwork normally
require six weeks and cost
$20,000 to $25,000. These
three radio certifications will
normally cover all the regula-
tory requirements needed to
sell the device worldwide, but
additional certifications may
be required.
Fig. 3: The complete SensorTag product, including concept
For low-volume production drawings and iPad app
designs, the use of an RF mod-
ule is recommended for further sim-
plification. There are numerous Blue-
tooth low energy modules on the
market. A collection of Bluetooth low
energy modules can be found here:
www.ti.com/ep0213-1. An additional
benefit to using a module provider is
that most of the time modules are al-
ready certified for worldwide use.
44 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
However, you should make certain
the module you are using is already
certified by the certification authori-
ties in the region you plan to sell
your device.
Embedded firmware
development
There are two
types of Blue-
tooth low en-
ergy ICs on
the market to-
day. A net-
work proces- Fig. 1: TI SensorTag block diagram with power numbers.
sor is a
standalone Bluetooth low energy de-
vice that includes the software stack
and radio in a single device. This al-
lows you to use your own MCU and
interface to the Bluetooth low energy
device through a serial interface like
UART or SPI. The second option is to
use a flash-based SoC (system-on-
chip) with MCU, flash memory, and
radio on the same device as the ap-
plications. This approach gives the
lowest power consumption and cost,
FEBRUARY 2013
and other advantages including:
The application and
stack firmware can be up-
graded from the smartphone
app.
Available flash memory
space can be used for data
storage to allow use of the
Bluetooth accessory as a dat-
alogger in offline mode
when it is not connected to
the smartphone. For exam-
ple, a heart rate monitor can
store data while you are run-
ning and load the data to
your smartphone when you
come home.
Reduced cost since the
PCB is smaller and you need
less components as there is
no need for an external
MCU.
Bluetooth low energy firm-
ware is based on a Bluetooth
low energy software stack.
There are several stacks on the
market both paid and for free.
To ensure compliance and in-
teroperability, the software
stack should be Bluetooth low
energy certified.
Smartphone app
development
For most developers of embedded
hardware and software, the world of
smartphone app development is a
step too far. Fortunately, there are
very good tools with Apples Xcode
development environment, but the
level of knowledge required to build
your own app can still be high. To
 Developing Bluetooth low energy appcessories

easily get started with a simple Xcode The pleasure of seeing the results an embedded design.
source project that shows how to of a wireless embedded product If you want to test out your own
connect and pair Bluetooth low en- through an iPad app cant be ex- Bluetooth low energy appcessory,
ergy accessories and collect sensor plained. Instead of navigating cum- the complete design files for this
data, see www.ti.com/ep0213-2 and bersome menus on a small product project can be downloaded at: www.
Figs. 2 and 3. display it is gratifying to use engi- ti.com/ep0213-4. The source code for
neering skills to create smart touch both the embedded firmware and
_App_on_App_store interfaces that allow the display of app sample project can be down-
Additionally, there other tools that all the hidden gems and features of loaded at www.ti.com/ep0213-5.
make it even easier to write apps for
Bluetooth low energy appcessories.
Any engineer that has learned BASIC
in school can write (or cut and paste)
applications using techBASIC avail-
able from Byte Works, www.byte
works.us. This program includes BA-
SIC code examples to interface to
Bluetooth low energy sensors and
provide advanced mathematic func-
tions and graphical presentation of
the data. They also supply tools that
convert your BASIC code to Xcode
format for publishing your app on
App store.

Certifications
After completing your hardware de- Temperature
sign, firmware programming, and
app development, it is time to lean Variable Attenuators
back and wait for your app to be
approved. To submit apps to the App
TVAs from the recognized leader in high reliability resistive
store you must be a member of the
Apple App developer program, which components offer:
costs $99 a year. When your app is s #ASESIZEvXvXv
submitted the first time, you should
expect a two- to four-week cycle
s #HOICEOFTHREETEMPERATURECOEFlCIENTOFATTENUATION4#!
time for Apple approval. You can VALUES   
track current approval times on this s !TTENUATIONVALUESFROM D"
web site: http://reviewtimes.shinydevel
opment.com/. s 0LANARDESIGNWITHSOLDERABLEORWIREBONDABLETERMINATIONS
Any Bluetooth products must s ,OWERSIGNALDISTORTIONPHASECHANGEANDINTERMODULATION
pass Bluetooth end product certifi- COMPAREDWITHACTIVECIRCUITTEMPERATURECOMPENSATION
cation testing and you must be a
member of Bluetooth SIG organiza-
tion, which is free at the Adaptor
When the mission is critical, choose
level. All certified Bluetooth end State of the Art.
products are listed on the Bluetooth
product directory for free, giving
your appcessory some great promo-
tion: www.bluetooth.com/Pages/Prod
uct-Directory.aspx.
State of the Art, Inc.
Bluetooth end product test time 2%3)34)6%02/$5#43
is normally four weeks, and typical
cost for certification is approximate- Made in the USA.
ly $3K. However, this fee is waived
for designs that strictly follow a
Bluetooth certified reference design
(HW and SW), such as TIs Sensor-
Tag. For more information about
certification, check out www.ti.com/
ep0213-3.

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 45

ep page master 50i.indd 1 1/8/13 3:28:32 PM
PROduCT
UPDATE
Interlock switch provides
integration options
The dS series interlock switch provides latching or momen-
tary actions to deliver a variety of integration options, in-
cluding typical applications as a detection switch or a circuit
interrupt in harsh environments.
These single- or double-pole double-
throw switches are RoHS compliant
and made of halogen-free material.
The dS interlock pushbutton switch
has rugged copper alloy, silver-plated
common terminals and F5-rated, gold-
plated-over-silver alloy contacts. The
dielectric strength of the dS switch is
measured at 1,500 V (50 to 60 Hz at sea level) and insulated
at 100 m (minimum) with initial contact resistance rated
at 30 m. (Contact company for pricing available now.)
C&K Components
www.ck-components.com
Snap-in keylock switches
ideal for space-saving apps
Offering a behind-panel di-
mension of 0.089 in. and pan-
el cutout dimensions of 0.039
to 0.079 in., the SK series of
snap-in keylock switches of-
fers secure mounting and is
ideal for designs requiring
space-saving, minimum-security switching. The series hous-
ing and bushing are made of high-insulating, glass-fiber-re-
inforced polyester capable of withstanding 15 kV of electro-
static discharge, thus providing superior antistatic
protection.
In addition, these devices are offered with solder lug and
0.071 in quick connect for simple installation. Wire harness
customization options are also available upon request, fur-
ther simplifying setup.
In addition, the SK keylock has a high dielectric strength
of 500 V between contacts and case and a mechanical life
rated at 30,000 operations minimum, while electrical life is
at 10,000 operations minimum. Rated at 0.4 VA max at 25 V
ac/dc, the SK Series also has an operating temperature range
of 40 through positive 185F.(Contact company for pricing
and availability.)
NKK Switches
www.nkkswitches.com
Relays target automotive,
marine apps
The R51 weatherproof relays feature shrouded 0.250-in.
quick-connect terminals and are perfect for use in automo-
46 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
tive, marine, tractor, lawn mower, rec-
reational vehicles, golf carts and more.
Features include SPST-NO and SPdT
contact arrangements, 12- and 24-Vdc
coil voltages, and 50-A current rating.
In addition, the devices provide a
mechanical life of 10,000,000 opera-
tions (18,000 operations/hr) and an
electrical life of 100,000 operations (1,200 operations/hr).
Operating temperature is 40 to 125C. (Contact company
for price and availability.)
NTE Electronics
www.nteinc.com
Metal pushbutton switch
features ceramic actuator
The MSM CS metal pushbutton switch features a patented
highly durable ceramic actuator. The ceramic material is re-
sistant to scratches, abrasions, impact, and chemicals. It is
also hypoallergenic to the touch. The ceramic actuator al-
lows for fully transparent backlighting
in red, green, or blue, as well as a newly
introduced bright white.
The part has a low profile of 1.7 mm,
with an impact rating of IK07. It is rated
IP69K for seal protection against liquids
and common chemical agents. The mi-
croswitch is uL, CSA and ENEC approved.
different switch configurations are offered over a range
of 30 Vdc to 250 Vac. Current rating ranges from 0.1 to 10 A,
depending on switching voltage. The MSM CS is available in
19 and 22 mm mounting diameters and is equipped with
quick connect terminals.
The non-illuminated version offers a translucent actuat-
ing surface. Black lettering can be applied directly onto the
ceramic material. Negative lettering to produce an inverse
effect is also an option. (Contact company for pricing
available now.)
Schurter
www.schurterinc.com/new_switches
Split-image switch suits
instrumentation panels
Ideal for for high-density in-
strumentation panels and dis-
play areas in a compact foot-
print, the SW44863 split-image
switch series feature SMT
LEds on a built in PCB. Push-
button lenses feature hidden legend lenses with multiple
color options for backlighting.
Switch ratings are 0.1 A resistive, 0.05 A inductive at 30
Vdc or 125 Vac. Other features of the SW44863 include an
operating pressure of 32 oz. ( 5 oz), switch travel of 0.030
FEBRUARY 2013

in, weight of less than one ounce, and a rated life of 100,000
minimum actuations. Interconnect with PC pins to mount
directly to the PCB. The part is SPST circuitry, one normally
open circuit, momentary snap feel, and legends can be cus-
tomized to panel requirements. The new switches can be
provided with two or four LEds for split light segments.
($39.90 ea/1,000 7 to 8 weeks ARO.)
Electro-Mech Component
www.electromechcomp.com
Relays & switches
W, and a coil voltage of 5 Vdc.
The relay features gold-plated leads for improved sol-
derability, with a standardized dual-in-line pin layout (2
mm raster). No external activation electronics are re-
quired. It is RoHS compliant and can perform millions of
reliable operations. It is also available with parallel activa-
tion electronics. (Contact company for pricing avail-
able now)
Standex-Meder Electronics
www.standexmeder.com

Relay series
targets
automotive
The A17 series is a ro-
bust automotive relay
in a small package.
Noted for its high cur-

Update Your Designs!

rent/in-rush capabili-
ties, the relay offers
plug-in styling with maximum cur-
rent rating of 20 A. This sealed relay is
single pole single throw with coil sup-
pression options of resistor or diode.
Features include a contact rating 20
A at 14 Vdc N.O, contact resistance of
Miniature Solid State Relays:
less than 50 m, an electrical life of 50mA to 2.2A, 30V to 800V, 0.15: to 100:
100k cycles, a mechanical life of 10
Mcycles, and a dielectric strength of
750 Vrms minimum coil to contact SCR AC Solid State Power Relays:
and 500 Vrms minimum contact to
contact. Insulation resistance is 100
0.2A to 5A, 400V to 800V
M minimum at 500 Vdc. Shock resis-
tance is 98 m/s2 for 11 ms and vibra- Power Solid State Relays:
tion resistance is 1.5 mm double am-
plitude 10~55 Hz. Operating and 6.5A to 332A, 60V to 1000V, 0.05: to 18:
storage temperature is 40 to 85C.
Solderability is 260C for 5 s. Weight is
13 g. The part measures 16.5 x 15.5 x
24.3 mm, and its contact material is
AgSnO2. (From $0.82, depending on
options and volume available now.) Rugged and Reliable Solid State Switching
CIT Relay & Switch
Input-to-Output Isolation up to 5000Vrms
www.citrelay.com
Generate no EMI or RFI, and Not Susceptible to EMI or RFI
Additional Features:

Reed relay Built-In Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS)

Over-Voltage, Over-Current, and Thermal Protection
comes in small Built-In Current Limiting

packages Wide Range of Load Currents, Load Voltages, and On-Resistances

Equipped with a new generation of

drivers, the RM05-8A-S PCB mount IXYS Integrated Circuits Division
reed relay module offers a 24% small- (Formerly Clare, Inc.)
er footprint than its previous genera- 78 Cherry Hill Drive
tions RM05-8A relay. Features in- Beverly, MA 01915 For more information:
clude a minimum breakdown voltage 978-524-6768 http://www.ixysic.com
of 210 Vdc, power switching up to 10

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 47

A8_ElecProd_2_06x9_5_A8.qxd 7/10/12 4:33 P

NEW Components &

PRODUCTS Subassemblies
edited by p.oshea, c.nickolas, r.comerford and j.harrison
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com
t
SurfacPe Mounn)
I
lug and
(and rm ers PV MOSFET driver
Transnfo
PROM. (Contact Sue Brocious for
ors
I duct
pricing samples available now.)
integrates turn-off Melexis
The VOM1271 isolated photovoltaic www.melexis.com
diately
g imme (PV) MOSFET driver is offered in an
Catalo om
See Pic
o s fu
ic o
ll
e le c t r
o n ic .c
s SOP-4 surface-mount package that Top-actuated pico
w w w.p features inte-
switch delivers smallest
grated turn-off
Low Profile circuitry, and a footprint
from secondary-side The KLT series of top-actuated pico

.19"ht. power supply.

Audio Transformers
Impedance Levels 10 ohms to 250k ohms,
Power Levels to 3 Watts, Frequency Response
3db 20Hz to 250Hz. All units manufactured and
tested to MIL-PRF-27. QPL Units available.
Power & EMI Inductors
Ideal for Noise, Spike and Power Filtering
Applications in Power Supplies, DC-DC
Converters and Switching Regulators
Pulse Transformers
10 Nanoseconds to 100 Microseconds.
ET Rating to 150 Volt Microsecond,
Manufactured and tested to MIL-PRF-21038.
Multiplex Data Bus
Pulse Transformers
Plug-In units meet the requirements
of QPL-MIL-PRF 21038/27.
Surface units are electrical equivalents
of QPL-MIL-PRF 21038/27.
The device is
optimized for high-side MOSFET
drivers, isolated solenoid drivers, and
custom solid-state relays (SSR), as
well as automated test equipment.
The PV MOSFET driver features
an open circuit voltage up to 8.8 V
typical and a short-circuit current up
to 47 A typical. The higher open
circuit voltage allows designers to
choose from a wider range of MOS-
FETs and the higher short-circuit
current decreases the time required
to charge the MOSFETs gate. Its opti-
cal coupling provides isolation test
voltage of 4,500 Vrms. $2.00 ea/1,000
available now.)
Vishay Intertechnology
www.vishay.com
Sensor system is a
switches features a small 1.4 mm
dome within a patented new type of
switch structure that reduces size
and is claimed by the company to
deliver the smallest footprint in the
market. The series is ideal for mobile
phones and handheld MP3 player ac-
cessories as well as any other profes-
sional devices where compact pack-
aging is of the essence.
Featuring actuation forces of 1.0,
1.6, and 2.2 N, these switches have a
30% tactile minimum and measure
2.7 x 1.85 x 0.55 mm. The halogen
free and RoHS-compliant switch is
currently in the prototype stage, and
features a 300,000-cycle lifespan
along with IP-68 rated sealing. Addi-
tional features include a maximum
power rating of 0.5 VA, maximum
voltage rating of 32 Vdc, and a tem-
perature range of 40
85C.(Contact company for pricing
to

DC-DC Converter full TPMS solution and availability)

Transformers A system in package solution for tire
Input voltages of 5V, 12V, 24V And 48V.
Standard Output Voltages to 300V (Special pressure monitoring systems (TPMS),
voltages can be supplied). Can be used as self
saturating or linear switching applications. All
the MLX91802 combines an analog
units manufactured and tested to MIL-PRF-27. pressure sensor, a low-power sensor
interface, and an
400Hz/800Hz MLX16 16-bit
Power Transformers RISC-based micro-
0.4 Watts to 150 Watts. Secondary Voltages 5V
to 300V. Units manufactured to MIL-PRF-27 controller in a com-
Grade 5, Class S (Class V, 1550C available).
pact, pressure-port-
ed, plastic SO16
ne week
tock to o package. Using
Delivery-S le quantities MLX91802 Uni-ROM firmware, the
for samp
device can be fully programmed
without writing code.
The firmware provides a complete
solution for six TPMS modes stor-
Call toll free 800-431-1064 age, parking, driving, pressure alert,
in NY call 914-738-1400 fault, and test defining the differ-
Fax 914-738-8225 ent modes features and transitions
C&K Components, Newton, MA
www.ck-components.com
Precision resistors have
TCR of 0.2 PPM/C
The models VSM
and VSMP (Z-Foil)
resistors are avail-
able in five differ-
ent sizes between
0805 and 2512 and
feature low TCR
and tight absolute tolerances. They
offer a TCR of 2.0 or 0.2 ppm/C
over the range 55 to +125C and
resistance tolerance to 0.01%.
The resistors offer load life stabil-
ity to 0.005% at 70C, thermal sta-

PICO Electronics, Inc.

143 Sparks Ave. Pelham, N.Y. 10803
E Mail: info@picoelectronics.com
www.picoelectronics.com
between them. Simple configuration
tools let users set operating behav-
iors so that the sensor can be de-
ployed in a customized TPMS mod-
ule; configuration and customer data
are stored in the sensors internal EE-
bilization time <1 s, and ESD rating
of at least to 25 kV. Resistance range
is 5 to 125 k. (From $10 each
available now.)
Wilbrecht LEDCO
www.wilbrechtledco.com

48 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

NEW Integrated Circuits
PRODUCTS edited by christinanickolas and pauloshea
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com

HIGHLIGHTS
Tiniest bipolar, beyond-
the-rails ADCs have an
internal reference
The MAX11166 and MAX11167 bi-
polar 5-V 16-bit A/D converters
are claimed to be the smallest and
the only 12-pin parts of their kind
to integrate an internal reference
with buffer all in a 9-mm2 pack-
age and saving at least 88% board
space over competing solutions.
These ICs feature Beyond-the-Rails
technology, which supports 5-V
input signal from a single positive
5-V rail.
This technology eliminates the
need for negative power supplies
and simplifies designs. At 19.5 mW,
500 ksamples/s, and 1 A in shut-
down mode, the ADCs are applica-
ble for precision measurement data
acquisition systems (DASs), indus-
trial/process control, medical in-
strumentation, and automatic test
equipment (ATE).
The MAX11166 and MAX11167
communicate using an SPI-compat-
ible serial interface at 2.5, 3, 3.3, or 5
between 3.15 and 5.25 V. The ADuM5010 monitoring applications at http://semi
Buy Now
and ADuM521x are certified for 2.5kV nar2.techonline.com/s/adi_
rms (1 minute) isolation, while the jan2313. (From $1.54 to
ADuM6010 and ADuM621x are certified $3.36 ea/1,000 avail-
for 3.75kV rms (1 minute) isolation. able now.)
Register for a webcast on isolated inter- Analog Devices
face solutions for industrial sensor and www.analog.com
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Hall
Hall Bias Circuits Timing Logic VLJQDO
V logic levels and have sample rates VSS Elements
GLUHFWLRQRIPRYHPHQW
of 500 and 250 ksamples/s, respec-
Chopper Switch

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tively.Additional specs include 92.6

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CHOP_AMP Comparator

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dB SNR, and best-in-class linearity Chopper Gain Amplifier OUTD
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of 0.5 LSB INL and 0.2 LSB DNL
7\SLFDO$SSOLFDWLRQ
typically. There will be 18-bit ex-
tended resolution versions of these 6HQVLQJ3RZHU6HDW0RWLRQ
parts which are slated for introduc-
tion in the first half of 2013. (From $.%)HDWXUHV
$16.07 ea/1,000 available now.) 'HWHFWVSKDVHGLIIHUHQFHRIERWKKRUL]RQWDODQGYHUWLFDOHOGV
Maxim Integrated 3LWFKIUHHDQGOD\RXWIUHH
www.maximintegrated.com $LUJDSGRHVQRWDIIHFWSKDVHGLIIHUHQFHDQJOH
,QGHSHQGHQWRIPDJQHWLFSROHSLWFK
Dc/dc converters
shrink footprint 75%
The ADuM5010, ADuM6010, AD-
uM521x and ADuM621x are the in-
dustrys smallest isolated dc/dc con-
verters. The devices use the proprietary
isoPower isolated dc/dc converter
technology to deliver 150mW out-
put power and iCoupler data-isola-
tion technology to reduce board space
up to 75% compared to optocoupler-
3XOVHDQGGLUHFWLRQRXWSXW)DQG'
+LJKVHQVLWLYLW\P7
2SHQGUDLQRXWSXW
2SHUDWLQJYROWDJH9WR9
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)RUPRUHLQIRUPDWLRQYLVLWRXUZHEVLWHDW
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&RQWDFWRXUWHFKQLFDOVXSSRUWVWDIIDW
based solutions. $.06(0,
The ADuM521x and ADuM621x inte- (PDLOLFLQIR#DNPFRP
grate two channels of iCoupler data iso-
lation technology. The converters pro-
vide regulated, isolated power, adjustable

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 49

NEW
PRODUCTS
Power meters have
innovative functions
For performing stand-by-power, En-
ergy Star, IEC62301, battery-charger,
and other power measurements, the
low-cost WT300 series digital power
meters offer updated and innovative
measurement functions, such as the
Auto Range feature, which optimizes
the range setting for maximum ac-
curacy measurements, and the Aver-
age Active Power function, which
makes it possible to measure power
consumption under greatly fluctuat-
ing power conditions.
The WT300 family consists of
three models: the single phase
WT310 with the capability of mea-
suring currents from 50 A to 20 A
rms, the single phase WT310HC with
current ranges from 1 to 40 A rms,
and the two element or three ele-
ment WT330 unit for split- or three-
phase circuits, which has ranges of
0.5 to 20 A rms. All models have
voltage ranges from 15 to 600 V rms.
(From $3,875 available now.)
Yokogawa Corp. of America
tmi.yokogawa.com/us
12-bit scopes provide
low-noise signal views
The Infiniium 9000 H-Series con-
sists of four high-definition oscillo-
scopes with bandwidths of 250
MHz, 500 MHz, 1 GHz, and 2 GHz.
They not
only offer
up to 12-bit
vertical res-
olution
50% more
than typi-
cal digital
scopes
but also have the industry's deepest
standard memory up to 100
Mpoints/channel. Further, the
scopes can work with the N2820A
and N2821A ac/dc current probes,
with sensitivity down to 50 uA and
5-A maximum current range.
The combination of scope and
50 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com
probe lets users view small signals
using hypersampling and linear
noise-reduction technology to pro-
vide noise levels three times lower
than 8-bit oscilloscopes. (Scopes
from $14,950; probes from $3,000
scopes available now; probes can
be ordered Feb. 1.)
Agilent Technologies
www.agilent.com/find/9000H
Instrument reads temp,
pressure for cold plates
The iFLOW-200 system assesses the
thermal and hydraulic characteris-
tics of cold plates, measuring cool-
ant temperature at
inlet and out-
let, fluid flow
rate/pressu re
drop, and sur-
face tempera-
ture. The instru-
ment can be used to
simulate a wide range of conditions
so as to optimize cold-plate perfor-
mance.
The system measures coolant
temperature from 0 to 70C with
1C accuracy and differential pres-
sure to 103,000 Pa (15 psi). Distilled
water is the reference coolant; for
test comparisons, the systems
coolingVIEW software can also cal-
culate thermal resistance and pres-
sure drop as a function of flow rate
for selected liquids. The system in-
cludes a pair of K-type thermocou-
ples for measuring temperature
changes of the coldplates surface.
($21,500 available now.)
Advanced Thermal Solutions
www.qats.com/Products/
Temperature-and-Velocity-
Measurement/Instruments/
iFLOW-200
Handheld checks both
voice and data circuits
The compact HT1000/2 handheld
test set performs the functions
needed for fast, thorough testing
during telecommunication installa-
tions. By testing both voice and data
circuits during copper-wire installa-
tions, the instrument provides a
means for certifying the physical
layer of the telephone network and
its xDSL transmission characteris-
FEBRUARY 2013
Test & Measurement
edited by richardcomerford
tics as well as the Home Phoneline
Network Alliance (HPNA) data/vid-
eo networks.
With a touch of a
button, the unit
performs many of
the 26 essential tests
between the techni-
cians central office
and the subscribers
location. An auto-
matic Super Stress
mode provide a
unique test that
provides more sensitive test results,
helping identify the most difficult
short-loop imbalances during longi-
tudinal balance testing. Dual-trace
time-domain reflectometry (TDR)
with a range of 16,000 meters is also
provided, and wideband spectrum
analysis can help identify the type of
noise affecting a circuit under test.
(From $2,250 available 7 weeks
ARO.)
Megger
www.megger.com
Portable tester
measures PIM
The PIM Master MW82119A is said
to be the first high-power, battery-
operated, portable tester for analyz-
ing passive intermodulation (PIM).
One quarter the size and half the
weight of alternative PIM testers, the
MW82119A offers patented Distance-
to-PIM (DTP) and 40-W testing. The
compact housing is suited for tough-
to-access sites,
such as remote
radio-head
(RRH) installa-
tions and in-
door distribut-
ed-antenna
systems (DAS).
Six models are available to address
major frequency ranges: upper and
lower 700 MHz bands, 850 MHz, 900
MHz, 1,800 MHz, 1,900 MHz, and
1,900/2,100 MHz. Flexible power ad-
justment capability allows a single
analyzer to conduct PIM testing on
low-power DAS systems and high-
power Macro Cells. (Contact compa-
ny for pricing available 4 to 6
weeks ARO.)
Anritsu
www.us.anritsu.com
NEW! DSA815

Spectrum Analyzer
Our new analyzer with all-digital IF technology
redefines the product category!
It's time to rethink your lab setup - because
until now there's never been a spectrum
analyzer that offered so much performance
at a price you'd normally think of for an
oscilloscope! The DSA815 Spectrum
Analyzer covers a frequency range of
9kHz to 1.5 GHz and features a compact
design and easy-to-use interface, making
it ideal for benchtop or field apps in RF
and wireless testing and production.
Measure smaller signals with our digital
IF filter that allows for smaller bandwidth
settings and reduces displayed noise
levels... and you can distinguish between
signals with a frequency difference as little
as 100 Hz. We include a wide range of
standard functions including AM/FM
demodulation and a preamplifier. And we
offer some great options including
an EMI filter and quasi-peak detector kit
and a 1.5 GHz tracking generator.
Before your next compliance test,
check out the DSA815... save one trip
to the compliance lab and it pays for itself!

Now get a Spectrum Analyzer

at oscilloscope prices
9 kHz to 1.5 GHz Frequency Range
Typical -135 dBm Displayed Average Noise Level (DANL)
Starting at
-80 dBc/Hz @10 kHz offset Phase Noise
Total Amplitude Uncertainty <1.5 dB
100 Hz Minimum Resolution Bandwidth (RBW)
1,295
$

Check out the Best Value in Analyzers,

call 877-4-RIGOL-1 or visit RigolAnalyzer.com
TRACOPOWER provides AC/DC power supplies and DC/DC converters
with increased I/O-isolation voltage based on a reinforced insulation system.
It makes the modules suitable not only for functional isolation
but also for safety critical applications.

High Isolation for Medical and

Safety Critical Applications

DC/DC Converter
THI-2M series: 2 W (non-regulated)
THB-3 series: 3 W, 2:1 input voltage range
THP-3 series: 3 W, 4:1 input voltage range
THB-6 series: 6 W, 2:1 input voltage range
THB-10 series: 10 W, 2:1 input voltage range
Fully regulated, 4000 VAC I/O-isolation (reinforced)
Rated working voltage 300 VAC
Internal filter to meet EN55022 class A
THP-3 series covers input ranges from 9 to 160 VDC
Test report according to
IEC/EN/UL 60601-1 3rd edition 2x MOOP
IEC/EN/UL 60950-1

AC/DC Power Modules

TMT series: 10 to 50 Watt
Fully encapsulated modules
Mounting on PCB, chassis or DIN-rail
Single-, dual and triple output models
Test report according to
IEC/EN/UL 60601-1 3rd edition 2x MOOP
IEC/EN/UL 60950-1
UL 508 for chassis mount models

www.tracopower.com
NEW
PRODUCTS
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com
250, 400W supplies
offer medical approvals
The MVAC series of 3 x 5in open-
frame ac/dc power supplies target in-
dustrial factory automation, com-
munications and medical equipment.
The supplies comply with the inter-
nationally recognized UL60601-1
third edition medical safety stan-
dard. The series is comprised of the
250W MVAC250, and the 400W
MVAC400 power
supplies. Both mod-
els offer an acinput
voltage range from
90 to 264 Vac with
active power factor correction and
active inrush control. Each model is
available with an output voltage of
12, 24 or 50 Vdc, as well as a 12Vdc
1A fan supply and an auxiliary
5Vdc 2A output.
The ac/dc power supplies feature an
PDUKE TECHNOLOGY, INC
$',9,6,212)32:(50$7(7(&+12/2*<&2/7'
DC to DC Converters
Power
Sources
edited by pauloshea
efficiency rating of 94% and are pack-
aged in 1U open frame format measur-
ing 5 x 3 x 1.4in. The MVAC250 de-
livers up to 170W output and the
MVAC400 up to 250W without
forced air flow. The supplies operate at
full power from 10 to +50C with a
start-up temperature down to 20C
and derated operation from 50 to
70C. (Contact compa- Buy Now
ny for price and avail-
ability.)
Murata Power
Solutions
www.murata-ps.com
Dustproof DIN rail
module provides 50 W
The HSA50 DIN rail module is a uni-
versal compact power supply with a
90 to 264Vac and 120 to 340Vdc
input range. The power module tar-
gets rough environmental condi-

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WWW.PDUKE.COM

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 53

 NEW
PRODUCTS
tions. It is available with the single
outputs of 12, 24, and 48-V. The am-
bient temperature range extends
from 25 to 70C.
The DIN rail power module mea-
sures 42 x 115 x 75 mm.
It complies with pro-
tection class II, the Low
Voltage Directive as
well as the current EN
standards for CE con-
formity. The DINrail
module is also VDE and UL/cUL, 508
approved. It features overload regula-
tion that ensures a safe start even up
to a maximum over current of up to
1.6 times of the nominal current
with decreasing output voltage.
(Contact company for price and
availability.)
MTM Power
www.mtm-power.com
Power managers
remotely monitor devices
The Minuteman RPM Series 8 and
16-port remote power managers al-
low users to remotely manage power
for connected devices such as serv-
World's first
6 Watt DC/DC-Converter
in SIP-8 Package
TMR 6 Series
Operating temperature range -40C to +70C
Wide 2:1 input voltage ranges cover 4.5 to 75 VDC
Fully regulated output voltages
3.3, 5.0, 12, 15, 5, 12, 15 VDC
1500 VDC I/O-isolation
Remote On/Off control
www.tracopower.com
POWERGATE LLC 866-588-1750 www.powergatellc.com http://www.astrodyne.com/ep113
Power Sources Unlimited 800-966-7784 www.psui.com/traco ASTRODYNE.COM/ep0213 1-800-823-8082
54 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013
ers, switches, routers, modems, secu-
rity devices, and telephone systems.
Locked-up devices can be re-set from
a desktop pc, laptop, smart phone or
tablet.
The remote power manager fea-
tures a web-based interface, allowing
the user to control power to attached
devices using any standard web
browser and a password, and can
perform a power up, power down, or
reboot. The 8-port RPMs are avail-
able in 1U horizontal or 0U vertical
mount configurations and include
an LCD display featuring a true RMS
meter that displays current device
load and are available in both 120 V
(RPM1581HVN) and 208 V (RPM-
2082HVI) versions. The 16-port 0U
vertical mount models feature an
LCD true RMS load meter, and are
available in 120 V (RPM20161VN)
and 208 V (RPM20162VI) versions.
(Contact company for price and
availability.)
Para Systems
www.minutemanups.com
LETS
CONNECT!

Power supply serves
system peripherals
Suitable for use in peripheral devices
in computing systems such as a ther-
mal printer or bar-code scanner, the
GT-21131-7224 switch mode power
supplies qualifies as a limited power
source (LPS) for ITE systems. Deliver-
ing a single output of 24 V from a
universal input, the convection-
cooled device measures 141 x 76 x 43
mm and comes in a polycarbonate
non-vented case.
The power supply includes an out-
put regulation of 5%, a line voltage
regulation of 1% at full load, and an
output ripple voltage of 1% or 50 mV
(whichever is greater). Turn-on/turn-
off overshoot is 5% maximum, with a
hold-up time of 10 ms at nominal in-
put and full load. (Contact company
for price and availability.)
GlobTek
www.globtek.com
Chassis-mount ac/dc
supply offers 25 W
The CM25 series of ac/dc switching
power supply offers 25W regulated
output power in a chassis mount case.
The terminal block and output voltage
adjustment potentiometer enable it to
be used as a power solution for many
applications.
The ac/dc power supply has an in-
put voltage range of 88 to 264 Vac. The
series offers output voltages of 5, 12,
24 and 48 Vdc, with efficiencies up to
83%. The supply offers short-circuit,
over voltage, and overload protection.
It features a metal cage type chassis-
mount case for air convection cooling,
and is rated for 3,000-Vac isolation.
($10.50/ea available now.)
ConTech
www.contech-us.com
350 W ac/dc supplies
suit industrial apps
The SHP350 series of single output
rugged 350-W ac/dc power supplies
suit industrial applications. They
feature a power density of 6.6 W/in. 3
and provide a typical efficiency of
85% in a fan-cooled unit measuring
7.0 x 3.6 x 2.1 in. They meet the SEMI
F47 Voltage Sag Immunity standard
for factory automation equipment.
The 350-W power supply series is
made up of six single output models
providing nominal output voltages
from +12 to +48 Vdc. The output is
MPD EP1301.indd 1
Power Sources
also capable of being adjusted within
10%. A remote sense facility com-
ages above 180 Vac, the power supply
has a peak power capability that can
pensates for a voltage drop of up to deliver up to 420-W output for up to
0.5 V. An auxiliary output provides 10 s. They operate from Buy Now
an always-on +5-Vdc / 0.2-A output 20 to +70C, with de-
suitable for powering memory, logic rating at +50C. ($152.10
or control functions. The supplies ac- ea/500 available now.)
cept input voltages from 85 to 264 XP Power
Vac. When operated from input volt- www.xppower.com
Looking For
Something
Smaller?
Go
Direct
At MPD youll nd a growing
selection of miniature, EN 60950
approved power supplies. These
space & cost saving supplies deliver
on performance and exibility. Call
today for free samples.
MPL-01SE
MPL-03SE 1W Output
3W Output EN 60950 Approved
Ultra-Miniature SIP Case Meets EN 55022
EN 60950 Approved IEC Safety Class II
Universal 85-264 VAC Input Universal 85-264 VAC Input
IEC Safety Class II Ultra-Miniature SIP Case
Meets EN 55022
We offer over 5,000 stan- MPM-01V
dard, DC/DC converters,
AC/DC power supplies,
1W Output
Miniature DIP Case
LED drivers, IGBT drivers EN 60950 Approved
& POL regulators. For a low -20C - +70C Operation
cost quotation, product
IEC Safety Class II
datasheets or samples,
call MPD today. Or go to: Universal 85-305 VAC Input
www.micropowerdirect.com
MicroPower Direct
We Power Your Success - For Less!
T: (781) 344-8226 F: (781) 344-8481 E: sales@micropowerdirect.com
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 55
1/9/2013 11:50:03 AM
NEW
PRODUCTS
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com
HIGHLIGHT
White, single-die LED is brightest new star
Fulfilling a promise made in the laboratory three years
ago, the XLamp XM-L2 LED delivers efficiencies up to
186 lm/W (at 1W, 25C,
5,000K) the highest of any
single-die LED commercially
available today. Driven at 10
W, a single LED can deliver a
lumen output equivalent to a
75-W incandescent bulb.
Built with SC3 silicon-car-
bide technology, the LED doubles the lm/$ figure, deliv-
ering 20% more lm/W than the previous generation.
Thus lighting manufacturers can use fewer LEDs to de-
liver better lighting systems at a lower cost.
The LED is designed to provide very high lumen out-
put at an 85C junction temperatures, suiting it for such
applications as high-bay, indoor, and outdoor lighting.
By leveraging the 5 x 5-mm footprint of previous-gen-
eration XM-L LEDs, the new LED fits users existing de-
signs without the necessity of changing optics or driv-
ers thereby shortening the fixture design cycle and
improving time-to-market. Further, as a follow-on to the
56 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
Optoelectronics
edited by richardcomerford
to XM-L, the XM-L2 requires only 3,000 hours of LM-80
data for ENERGY STAR qualification, instead of the nor-
mal 6,000 hours.
The XM-L2 LED is available in color temperatures
ranging 2,700K (warm white) to 6,200K (cool white) and
with minimum-CRI options of 80, 85, and 90, depend-
ing on color temp. The LED is UL-recognized and has a
level-4 rating. (Priced competitively with other LEDs
samples available now; prod qty in Q1.)
Cree
www.cree.com
LED arrays to foster SSL design
Presented as a platform for designing solid-
state lighting (SSL), Vero LED arrays aim
to simplify design integration and man-
ufacturing and give designers a more
flexible LED lighting solution. The
products offer three primary innova-
tions: a higher-flux-density LED array,
an increase in lm/W by up to 20% over
the companys existing LED arrays, and a
simplified assembly process that streamlines
manufacturing and improves overall system reliability.
The arrays provides application coverage with four
form factors and will initially be available with perfor-
mance ranging from 800 lm in warm white (3,000K) up
to 20,000 lm in cool white (5,000K), with multiple CCT
and CRI options, including the 97 CRI Decor product op-
tion. The arrays are compatible with a wide variety of
standard drivers and optical components. (Contact Com-
pany for pricing available Q1.)
Bridgelux
www.bridgelux.com
Ac and dc LED lamps replace halogens
Designed as replacements for traditional 75W AR111 hal-
ogen lamps, the 12.5-W Vega Series GL-AR111-V2-12 Inte-
rior LED lamps employ a patented thermal
design that helps boost heat dissipation.
The lamps have luminous effica-
cies to 86 lm/W and 80% lower
energy usage than traditional
lamps. Warm white units provide
up to 800 lm, while cool white
ones deliver up to 1,080 lm.
Each lamp provides illumination with a 28 beam.
Lamps with built-in drivers are available in versions for
12 Vac/dc, 100 to 240 Vac, triac-dimable 100 to 120 Vac,
and triac-dimable 200 to 240 Vac. Typical applications in-
clude spot, architectural, residential, commercial, retail,
accent, hallway, and cabinet lighting. (Contact Rex Lin
for pricing and availability.)
GlacialLight Div., GlacialTech
www.GlacialTech.com
FEBRUARY 2013
NEW
PRODUCTS
edited by pauloshea and richardcomerford
Find samples, buy now and more at electronicproducts.com
Connectors solve
LED bulb issues
For use in incandescent-replacement
LED bulb assemblies, the 9159-500 Se-
ries bottom-entry, card-edge connec-
tor was developed to solve space, cost,
process, and reliability issues, elimi-
nating the need
for labor-inten-
sive hand sol-
dering of wires
on PCBs in SSL
applications.
The surface-
mount board-to-board connector sys-
tem allows a perpendicular PCB to be
mated to a top-mounted main FR4 or
metal core PCB from the bottom side
using standard pick and place equip-
ment and reflow soldering. The con-
nector is available in a range of 2 to 6
positions, which allows increased
functionality, such as color control or
specific line control. Featuring dual
PCB slot widths, the connector is com-
patible with both 0.8 and 1.6-mm
PCBs, and is available with or without
a safety cap, either preassembled or
separately. Through-board height is
1.00 mm with the cap and 0.6 mm
without, to avoid interfering with light
output.
Rated for 10 mating cycles, 2 A per
contact, 250Vac/dc, and use in tem-
peratures ranging from 40C to
120C, the 2-mm pitch connector has
gold-plated beryllium-copper (BeCu)
spring contacts. The connector also
has UL1977 approval and meets the
UL94 V-0 flammability standard.
(Contact Tom Anderson for pricing
and availability.)
AVX
www.avx.com
Benchtop cold plate
cools down to 100F
The LHP-1200CAS benchtop liquid-
cooled thermoelectric cold plate sys-
tem is a cascaded cold plate system
that offers cooling capabilities down
to 100F and direct-contact cooling
down to 70C. It is designed for labo-
ratory use and can be used to cool
components, materials, chemicals,
and samples in applications within
embedded technology, test and mea-
Packaging &
Interconnections
surement, life science, and laboratory
research.
The cold plate can be
used with any of the three
cascade accessories for low
temperature cooling
or without the cascade
attachment for a larg-
er cooling surface. The
user can switch between
internal or external RTD sensors for
customized control. A programmable
temperature controller with data log-
ging software is included. A hinged
cover and RS-232 communications are
included. Universal input voltage is
standard. (Contact company for price
and availability.)
Teca
www.thermoelectric.com
Cold plate cools high-
power devices
The CP4 series liquid cold plates are
designed for heatsinkable-type resis-
tors, including the TAP600, TAP800,
TA1K0, TA2K0,
and various SOT-
227 resistor pack-
ages. They can
also be used to
remove heat
from SCRs, recti-
fiers, diodes, thyristors, and other
high-power semiconductor devices. of
cold plate four-pass heatsinks.
The cold plates are constructed
with an aluminum 6063-T5 plate
and copper tubing with a nominal
wall thickness of 0.050in. The cop-
per mounting surface of the device
features a thermal resistance of
0.43C/W. Applications include vari-
able speed drives, power supplies, ro-
botics, and motor controls. (Contact
company for price and availability.)
Ohmite Manufacturing
www.ohmite.com
SMP-type connectors
go from dc to 40 GHz
Optimized for high-frequency/high-
data-rate RF coaxial applications, SMP
Interface System 2062_ male and
2020_ female connectors are engi-
neered to securely mate and maintain
performance through 40 GHz. The
ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 57
 NEW
PRODUCTS
50- subminiature devices additionally feature a VSWR of
1.18 max at 40 GHz.
Male PCB connectors are available
in vertical-surface-mount (VSM), VSM
through-hole (for extra board reten-
tion), and in edge-mount configura-
tions. They are offered in three levels
of detent full detent, limited detent, and smooth bore
which have different engage/disengage coupling forces. Fe-
male connectors accommodate semi-rigid- or conformable-
cable diameters of 0.047 in. or 0.085/0.086 in. The connectors
come in a variety of standard gold and custom plating.
(Male, from $6.67 ea /1,000; female, from $6.75 ea /1,000
samples available now, prod qty from stock to 12 weeks.)
Bomar Interconnect Products
www.bomarinterconnect.com\SMP.htm
Smart thermal fans suit
EV charging systems
The KE732 smart-ac axial fans feature a
ball-bearing design that delivers airflow
up to 100 cfm. The smart-ac fans for
electric vehicle charging systems are
available in either 120- or 230-V.
The thermally-controlled ac-fans provide energy sav-
ings because the fans operate only at a speed necessary to
cool the EV charging system. They automatically slow
when an optimal temperature is reached. (Contact com-
One Component UV and
Heat Curable Epoxy
Polymer System UV15DC80
Low shrinkage
Dual cure system
Chemically resistant
154 Hobart Street, Hackensack, NJ 07601 USA
+1.201.343.8983mainmasterbond.com
www.masterbond.com
58 ELECTRONIC
2029AS_3.25x4.5.indd 1 PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com
12/13/12 8:37 PM 2013
pany for price and availability.)
Orion Fans/Knight Electronics Dallas
www.orionfans.com
Connector sockets support USB 3.0
Designed for USB 3.0, four new connector sockets support 5-
Gb/s SuperSpeed data transfers 10 times faster than Hi-
Speed USB 2.0. USB 3.0 is back-compatible with
2.0 and its new SuperSpeed data transfer
mode is a so-called sync-n-go technology
that minimizes wait time and optimizes
power efficiency.
The connector sockets are available in
Type A and B Standard versions (896-46-009-
90-300000 and 897-46-009-90-300000, respec-
tively) and in Micro USB horizontal- and vertical-mount ver-
sions (897-10-010-40-300002 and 897-10-010-00-300002,
respectively). Standard Type A and B units have 9 pins, are
fully shielded, and have plug-retention tabs and kinked locat-
ing legs for secure PCB retention. The 10-pin Micro USB 3.0
connectors are aimed at portable and handheld devices, and
feature a 0.66-mm pitch to reduce board space requirements.
(896-46-009-90-300000, $2.368 ea / 300; 897- Buy Now
46-009-90-300000, $2.599 ea / 320; 897-10-010-
40-300002, $1.030 ea / 1,500; 897-10-010-00-
300002, $1.184 ea / 900 available now.)
Mill-Max
www.mill-max.com/PR631
Low-profile connectors optimize SWaP
The Scorpion power/signal connector series 8.20-mm low-
profile version is designed to let users optimize size, weight,
and power (SWaP). Like other members of the series, the con-
nectors modular tool design allows for a
nearly limitless variety of customer-de-
fined contact arrangements, while the
molding process yields a one-piece insu-
lator. With a variety of modules, customers
can define connectors as wide as 101.00 mm.
The low-profile versions module options include blanks/
spacers and size 12, 20, and 22 contacts; contact current rat-
ings are 55, 12 and 3 A respectively. Standard conductivity
contacts have resistance values as low as 1 m, and high-
conductivity, 0.7 m contacts are offered. Blanks/spacers let
users separate power and signal contacts to meet creepage
and clearance design criteria.
Contact terminations include board-to-board, board-to-
cable, cable-to-cable, and panel-mount options. Additional
features/accessories include connector-housing ventilation
slots, an integral blind-mate system, an integral locking sys-
tem, float mounts, panel-mount clips, and board locks.
(Contact company for pricing and availability.)
Positronic Industries
www.positronic.com/scorpion
Recessed subracks improve
enclosure EMC
Pixus enclosures with recessed subracks within the enclo-
sure frame prevent damage to card modules, limit expo-
sure to dust, and offer additional EMI/RFI protection for
improved electromagnetic compliance (EMC). Initially for
FEBRUARY
 MMAX-132_ElectronicProducts.pdf 1 2/7/12 9:14 PM

Packaging & Interconnections

7U and 9U enclosures, the option can be recessed in vari-

ous depths according to the customers
requirements, accommodating 6U
pluggable boards with 1U to 3U of space
for various fan/airflow configurations,
or 3U pluggable boards with 4U height.
The design allows subracks and
boards to be completely protected in-
side the enclosure frame; an optional side or bottom-
hinged door allows the case to be fully enclosed or even
locked. Backplanes available include OpenVPX, Compact-
PCI/2.16, PCIe Gen2 or Gen3, VME64x, VXS, or custom.
(About $2,500, depending on volume and configuration
available now.)
Pixus Technologies
www.pixustechnologies.com

Battery holder is free of printed

circuit board
Designed to allow secure off-board
mounting of CR2032 coin-cell lithium
batteries, Snap Dragon BHSD-2032 pat-
ented battery holders offer designers the
flexibility to locate batteries anywhere
there is physical room in a product no soldering tools,
chemicals, reflow/wave processing, or circuit board is re-
quired. Units can also be board mounted if desired, with-
standing multiple 260C solder reflows.
The two standard-size (3.6 x 0.38-mm) power termi-
nals on the LCP-resin base (solder lug) can serve as male OVER 800 STYLES AND
connectors for mating with common quick-connect fe-
male terminals, or accept wire leads through holes in the
OPTIONS IN STOCK
nickel-plated phosphor-bronze/gold-flash terminals. The
CR2032 battery is installed into the cover piece, and then
Suitable for applications subject
snapped onto to the base piece to securely Buy Now
hold the battery in place. (From $0.54 ea / to high amounts of vibration
5,000 delivery normally from distributor and shock, Mill-Max pins
stock.) and receptacles are available in
Memory Protection Devices diameters from .008 (.20mm) to .250
www.batteryholders.com/snap-dragon.php
(6.35mm). Receptacles feature a 4 or 6 finger
beryllium copper or beryllium nickel contact to
Feature-rich enclosures meet ensure integrity of connection for use in the
NEMA 4X reqs harshest environments.
In-Box plastic electronic enclosures
have the design features and attention Dont see what you need? Rapid
to detail you would expect in consum-
prototyping and custom designs are
er enclosures, but have been designed
to cope with extremely demanding in- our specialty.
dustrial environments. The NEMA 4X-
rated units feature concealed mount-
ing screws, and all lids including the transparent
Polycarbonate models offer recesses for mounting
product labels or large membrane keypads.
Sixteen standard sizes are available with external di-
mensions ranging from 3.30 x 3.22 x 2.16 in. to 11.89 x
9.13 x 4.33 in. The enclosure are made of ABS (UL 94 HB)
or Polycarbonate (UL 94 V-2); ABS models are impact-
rated to IK07 (2 joules), Polycarbonate to IK08 (5 joules). www.mill-max.com/EP621
Standard color is light gray (RAL 7035). (From $18 avail-
able now.) Follow us Like us
MillMaxMfg Mill-Max Mfg. Corp.
OKW Enclosures, Bridgeville, PA
www.okwenclosures.com

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013 59

 Product mart Electronic Products Presented by the Manufacturer

Turbo Light Waterproof Led Panel Indicators Turbo Miniature Piezoelectric Alarms
Tiny (approx.1x1) LED Panel Indicators provide BRIGHT Tiny (approx.1x1) piezoelectric alarms provide LOUD output
output with super-sleek design. Available in variety of voltages with a super-sleek design. Available in variety of voltages and
and output up to 14,500 cd/m2! Rugged, tamper-proof, lo- output up to 103dB! Rugged, tamper-proof, lo-profile panel
profile panel mount design is IP68 and NEMA 4X. Available mount design is IP68 and NEMA 4X. Optional manual volume
in 5 colors and 3 brightness levels. ISO 9001:2000 registered control offers increased attenuation. ISO 9001:2000 registered
company all products made in the USA. company all products made in the USA.
Floyd Bell Inc. Floyd Bell Inc.
Tel: (614) 294-4000 Tel: (614) 294-4000
Fax: (614) 291-0823 Fax: (614) 291-0823
sales@floydbell.com sales@floydbell.com
www.floydbell.com www.floydbell.com

Ultra Loud Piezoelectric Alarms Voice-Capable Alarms Replace Ambiguous Beep

Ultra Loud selection of piezoelectric whoops, warbles, sirens, Sometimes a beep or whoop doesnt convey enough
beeps and more offers 1000Hz lower frequency than industry information.
counterparts. Available in variety of voltages and output up t

"OOPVODFS
4FSJFT
BMBSNT
GSPN
'MPZE
#FMM
QMBZ
B
QSFSFDPSEFE

to 108dB! Rugged panel mount products are IP68 and NEMA audio message or voice instructions up to ten seconds
4X when used with optional gasket. ISO 9001:2000 registered VQ
UP
E#

company all products made in the USA. t

$IPPTF
GSPN
TUBOEBSE
NFTTBHFT
i8BSOJOHw

PS
DVTUPN

NFTTBHF
QSPEVDUJPO

"OOPVODFS
4FSJFT
BMBSNT
DPNF
TUBOEBSE

Floyd Bell Inc. XJUI
RVJDL
DPOOFDU
UFSNJOBMT

Tel: (614) 294-4000 BOE
WPMUBHF
SBOHF
UP
mU
ZPVS

Fax: (614) 291-0823 BQQMJDBUJPO
sales@floydbell.com
www.floydbell.com Floyd Bell Inc.
888-FLOYD-BELL
sales@floydbell.com
www.floydbell.com

Very High Resolution, Low Distortion Lenses advertiser index

This index is provided as an additional service.
Very High-Resolution 29MM F/3.0 lens with minimal distortion and The publisher does not assume any liability for errors or omissions.
a flat field, used for measurement, machine vision and other high
Absopulse Electronics Ltd.. . . . . . . . . . 54 KOA Speer Electronics, Inc. . . . . . . . . . 23
performance applications. Custom packaging, integrated filters and
custom aperture ratios available. View outline drawing and detailed Advanced Power Solutions . . . . . . . . . 22 Linear Technology
specs. Compatible with our focusing C-Mount adaptor. 19mm Agilent Technologies, Inc. . . . Cover 2, 41
Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . Cover 4, 13
barrel, offered in a wide range of focal lengths. Design assistance Master Bond Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
AKM Semiconductor, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . 49
available for custom lens assemblies.
Master Distributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Allied Electronics Inc. . . . . . . . . . Cover 3
Universe Kogaku Lenses Astrodyne Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. . . . . . . 9
Tel: 516-624-2444 Memory Protection Devices, Inc. . . . . . 5
info@ukaoptics.com Avnet Electronic Marketing. . . . . . . . . . 3
METcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
www.ukaoptics.com/ BUD Industries,Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
new_top-29.html Caton Connector Corporation . . . . . . 27
MicroPower Direct, LLC . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Mill-Max Manufacturing Corp. . . . . . . 59
Coilcraft, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Mouser Electronics . . . . . . . . . . 7, 16, 17
CUI Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
MS Kennedy Corporation . . . . . . . . . . 42
Digi-Key Corporation . . . . . . . Cover 1, 2
National Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Equipto Electronics Corp. . . . . . . . . . . 25
Nomex Insulating Tubing & Bobbins Omega Engineering Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Floyd Bell Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20, 60
Nomex is a calendered, aramid insulation paper that, when
Pico Electronics, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
wound into an insulating tube with appropriate binders, offers GAIA Converter Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
superior high temperature resistance and high dielectric strength Pduke Technology, Inc . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
GlobTek, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cover 1, 53
in insulating tubing and bobbins. Nomex also possesses excellent Hammond Manufacturing
Precision Paper Tube Company. . . . . . 60
mechanical toughness, resilience and high mechanical strength. Company Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Rigol Technologies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Full PDF Lit available at www.pptube.com.
Hittite Microwave Corporation . . . . . . 37 RTG, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Precision Paper Tube Company Integrated Power Designs, Inc. . . . . . . 31 Stanford Research Systems, Inc. . . . . . 39
Phone: 847-537-4250
Fax: 847-537-5777 International Manufacturing State of the Art, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Services Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
sales@pptube.com TDK-Lambda Americas, Inc. . . . . . . . . 29
www.pptube.com International Rectifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
TRACOPOWER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52, 54
More Than 75 Years - The Original IXYS Corporation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Universe Kogaku (America), Inc . . . . . 60
Nomex is a registered trademark of the DuPont Co.

IXYS Integrated Circuits Division . . . . 47
Zilog Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Keystone Electronics Corp. . . . . . . . . . 19
For Reprints contact Wrights Media 877-652-5295

60 ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS www.electronicproducts.com FEBRUARY 2013

Choose Molex. Connect Innovation.

Connect your designs with innovative interconnect products by Molex

available from Allied Electronics.

Ideal for Power Applications The Perfect Fit

Mini-Fit Jr. Power Connectors Micro-Fit 3.0 Interconnects
Design flexibility for wire-to-wire Highest current in the smallest footprint
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Versatile product line meets all
Positive locking prevents application needs
accidental unmating
Prevents accidental disconnects
Multiple configuration options and mismating
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Allied Electronics, Inc 2013. Allied Electronics and the Allied Electronics logo are trademarks of Allied Electronics, Inc. An Electrocomponents Company.
5mW 18-Bit SAR Driver
10k

LTC6655

10k

VOCM
LTC6362 LTC2379-18

10k
Precision Matched
Resistors

LT5400-1
10k

Fast, Low Power Data Acquisition

Achieve high precision on a tight power budget with the LTC 6362. Designed to drive 16- and 18-bit SAR ADCs on a single
5V 1mA supply, this fully differential amplifier features 200V max VOS, input-referred voltage noise of just 3.9V/ Hz,
116dBc distortion at 1kHz, and 18-bit settling in 550ns. The LTC6362 easily scales and shifts AC- or DC-coupled signals to
the input range of the ADC. It is ideal for driving the 18-bit 1.6Msps LTC2379-18 ADC with a digital gain compression feature

that sets the full scale range to 10% to 90% of the reference voltage. For optimal system performance, the LT 5400 precision
matched resistors maintain high accuracy over temperature and common mode voltage range.

Differential SAR ADC Amps LTC6362 Driving the LTC2379-18

Info & Free Samples
0 www.linear.com/product/LTC6362
Part 10
Description VS = 5V, 0V
Number 20 1-800-4-LINEAR
VOUTDIFF = 8.9VPP
LTC6362 5mW, 18-bit settling in 550ns 30 HD2 = 116.0dBc
40 HD3 = 114.9dBc
Amplitude (dBFS)

LT6350 5V, 1.9nV/ Hz, integrated resistors 50 SFDR = 110.1dB

60 THD = 108.0dB Design
LTC6247 1mA, 180MHz GBW 70 SNR = 101.2dB Note
80 SINAD = 99.9dB
LTC6253 3.5mA, 720MHz GBW 90 DN502
100
LT6203 3.5mA, 100MHz GBW, 1.9V/ Hz
120
LT6201 165MHz GBW, 0.95nV/ Hz 130
140 www.linear.com/dn502
LT1469 90MHz GBW, 75V max VOS 150
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 , LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are
registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.
Frequency (kHz) All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.