You are on page 1of 4

Solutions to Waves

Level 1

1. B
f = 1/(200 10-9) = 5.0 106 Hz

2. A
After 0.50 s, the wave would have travelled 1.50 m, which is 2 wavelengths. Hence the same
shape as
before.

3. C
Radius is 200 mm. Therefore at 1 second, the wave would have hit the circumference and would
be
travelling inward 50 mm from the circumference.

4. C
of a period later shift the wave way to the left. At its amplitude, the air molecule is
momentarily
at rest.

5. B

6. A
Q is at extreme position, hence momentarily at rest. Draw the waveform at the next instant in time
to
find the direction of motion of P.

7. B
Energy is proportional to the square of the amplitude. At an amplitude of 2A the energy is 4E. Since
the
area is halved the energy intercepted is (4E).

8. B
At 4.0 m, Intensity = 50.0/(44.02).
Power detected = intensity Area = 50.0/(44.02) x 0.85 x (10-2)2 = 2.1x10-5 W.

9. B
Intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source.
Intensity at 1.0 m/Intensity at 3.2 m = (3.2/1.0)2
Since intensity is also proportional to the square of the amplitude,
Intensity at 1.0 m/Intensity at 3.2 m = (Amplitude at 1.0 m/Amplitude at 3.2 m)2
Amplitude at 1.0 m = (3.2/1.0) 32 = 102 m

10. A
Wavelength of X-rays ~ 10-10 m (atomic size)
Wavelength of -rays ~ cm = 10-2 m

11. A
Min f = 3.0 x 108/700nm = 4.3 x 1014 Hz

1
12. D

From the direction of the arrows, it is obvious that D is a position of rarefaction.

13. D
v = /T = p/(2/3q)

14. B
Wavelength = 6 40 = 240 cm
V = f = 300 x 2.4 = 720 m s-1

15. A
As wave reaches P, P will follow the shape of the travelling wave, which is the shape of the y-t
graph.

16. B
The 2 waves differ by a phase difference of /2 T/4. Hence wavelength is 4x and speed =
4x/4z.

17. C
The smaller the angle between the two polarizers the more light will pass through. If the polarizers
are
oriented at right angles to each other then no light will emerge.

18. (a) c f
c 3.0 108
f
3.0
1.0 10 Hz
8

T = 1.0 x 10-8 s

(b) (i) Point P is at a wave crest and Point Q is at a wave trough at t = 0.0 s. Hence the phase
difference is rad.
(ii) No change.
(c) 2 1
I r and I A A r
2

A rQ
hence P
AQ rP
rQ 7.5
AP AQ 5.0 102 6.3 102 V m-1
rP 6.0

2
(d) Point Q is at a wave trough at t = 0.0 s. Hence at t = 7.5 10-9 s, which is three-quarter of a period
later, since of the wave would have passed, the magnitude of the electric field will be back at 0.

19. Displacement/ m

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time / ms

Level 2

1. D
8.0 10 11
At the eye, intensity 1.6 10 6 W m -2
0.50 10 4
To find power of source, 1.6 10- 6 P
4 (10000)2

2. A
Wavelength = 4/3 2.4 = 3.2 m
Distance between P and Q = 3.8 m = 1.1875 wavelengths
Phase difference = 0.1875 2 = 1.2 rad

3. C
When electromagnetic waves enter a region of different refractive index, the speed and
wavelength
change. The direction also changes (refraction) if the incident angle is oblique. The frequency
remains
unchanged, however.

180 phase
change

reflection

3
4. C
Let I1 and I2 be the intensities of the received radio signal when the angle from vertical are 1 and 2
respectively.
1
Required: I2 I1 ---(1)
2
Since intensity (amplitude)2, and the amplitude of radio signal received by the antenna is given
by
A Ao cos , equation (1) gives:
1
( Ao cos 2 ) 2 ( Ao cos 1 ) 2 , where Ao = amplitude of original radio wave.
2
1
cos 2 cos 1
2
This condition will be satisfied if 1 = 45o and 2 = 60o.

5. C
Intensity I = P/[4(8)2]
At double the source power, Intensity = I = 2P/[4x2]
Equate I to I, r = 2 8.

6. C
Draw in the direction of the particles adjacent to both P and Q. Since the wave is moving to the
right,
the direction of movement of P(a rarefaction) follows the direction of particle to the left of P earlier
on.
Similarly, the direction of movement of Q (a compression) follows the direction of particle to the left
of Q
earlier on.

7. (c) Intensity = P point source/surface A = Ptarget/Atarget


Intensity at target = P/(4d2)
Power intercepted by target = SP/(4d2)
Fraction of power reflected by target = kSP/(4d2)
Intensity of reflected pulse at transmitter = [kSP/(4d2)]/ (4d2) = PkS/(162d4)

(i) Energy = 2 MW 3 s
(ii) Intensity = 2 106/(4500002)
(iii) Intensity = 2 106/(162500004)

The answer would be larger because much more energy would be intercepted by the target.

You might also like