AutoCAD

Phn II: AutoCAD phn ba chiu

Chng III:
Gii thiu v M hnh 3d
3 tit (LT: 2, TH: 1)
3.1 C s to m hnh 3D.
Cc loi m hnh 3D:
M hnh khung dy (Wireframe).
M hnh dng mt(Sureface).
M hnh khi rn(Solid).
M hnh 1/2 chiu.
3.2 Cc h to trong bn v.
3.2.1 Cc loi h to thng dng.
Trong bn v ca Acad, nht l cc bn v ba chiu, ngi ta thng phi
dng c hai h to l : H to do Cad lp sn v cc h to do ngi v t
nh ngha ra ph tr cho bn v. Khi biu din ta c th cho biu tng ca h
trc to hin ra hoc khng hin ra trn bn v ( nht l khi ta chuyn bn v
di dng khc nh dng .BMP, dng .TIF, dng .GIF...)
A/ Cc to c sn trong CAD.
L cc h trc to tn ti khi ta m bn v CAD ra l c, hoc ta nhn
c khi vo trnh n VIEW, vo mc chn 3D-VIEWPOINT
B/ To do ngi s dng t nh ngha.
L cc h trc to nhn c khi ta s dng lnh UCS.
Lnh UCS.
+ Cng dng : To cc h trc to mi.
+ Cc mc chn chnh :
Origin : To h trc mi bng cch cho h trc hin hnh ri n mt im no
(gi nguyn hng ca ba trc ).
ZAxis : To h trc mi bng cch cho im gc ca h trc v mt im na xc
nh chiu ca trc OZ, t CAD t nh ra hai trc cn li.
3Point : To h trc mi i qua 3 im theo th t l gc mi, im xc nh chiu
ca trc OX, im th ba xc nh chiu ca trc OY, t CAD s cho phng
chiu ca trc OZ (theo quy tc bn tay phi).
OBJECT : To h trc mi trng vi h trc to quy c ca i tng c
ch ra.
View : To h trc mi song song vi mn hnh vi gc l im gc ca h trc
to hin hnh.
X : To h trc bng cch quay h trc hin hnh quanh trc OX mt gc no
theo chiu dng quy c trong UNITS ( la chn Y hay Z tng t ).
Previous : Tr li h trc to c to ra trc .
Restore : Gi mt h trc t tn n tr thnh h trc to hin hnh.
Save : Ct gi h trc to va c to ra bng mt tn no .
Del : Xo mt h trc c ghi li ra khi bn v.
? : Cho php lit k cc h trc to c t tn.

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Lnh UCSICON.
+ Cng dng : Cho php hin hoc khng hin biu tng h trc to v cho
php di gc to v v tr gc sau khi nh ngha( nu cn ch)...
+ Cc mc chn chnh :
ON : Cho php hin biu tng UCS.
OFF : Khng hin biu tng UCS.
ORIGIN : Hin h trc ti gc va t nu n ch.
NOORIGIN : Khng hin h trc ti gc va t.

3.2.2 Cc cch a to ca im vo khng gian ba chiu.

+ S dng to cc
+ S dng to cc, to tr , to cu.
+ Kt hp vi s dng cc lnh h tr cho qu trnh v.
Ch :
Khi bit chiu dng ca hai trc X v Y ta c th suy ra chiu dng ca
trc Z bng quy tc bn tay phi : Ta cho chiu dng ca trc X theo chiu ca
ngn tay ci, chiu dng ca trc Y theo chiu ca ngn tay tr, th chiu dng
ca trc Z l chiu ca ba ngn tay cn li gp vung gc v pha lng bn tay.
Cc lnh h tr cho qu trnh v : Ngoi cc lnh ta bit khi thc hin
bn v 2D nh OSNAP, ORTHOR, GRID... ta cn c th s dng cc lnh lc
im, cc lnh tnh ton da trn cc im, cc ng sn c...

3.3 Quan st m hnh ba chiu

3.3.1. Lnh to cc khung ca s tnh.
+ Tn lnh : VPORTS.
+ Cng dng : Lnh ny cho php to mt hoc nhiu khung ca s hin th m
hnh ba chiu theo cc gc nhn khc nhau ( khi kt hp vi lnh to cng nhn
VPOINT).
+ Cch thc hin : Ta c th vo thc n TILED VIEWPORTS trong thc n
VIEW v sau chn cc mc chn tng ng ca n.
Ch : Lnh ny ch cho php hin th m hnh trn cc khung khc nhau
m khi in n khng cho php in ng thi tt c hnh biu din trn cc khung.
Lnh ny ch c s dng di dng lnh h tr khi thit k m hnh ba chiu.
3.3.2. Lnh to cc im quan st.
+ Tn lnh : VPOINT
+ Cng dng : To cc im nhn ( hnh chiu) trn bn v hoc trn cc khung khi
to bng lnh VPORTS hoc bng lnh MVSETUP ...
+ Cch thc hin : Ta c th vo thc n 3D VIEWPOINT trong thc n VIEW
sau chn cc mc chn im nhn ca m hnh to.

3.3.3. Lnh to cc hnh nh.

+ Tn lnh : VIEW.
+ Cng dng : Lnh ny cho php ct gi mt kiu nhn vo m hnh to v c
th gi li nu cn.
+ Cch thc hin : Ta c th vo thc n NAME VIEWS trong thc n VIEW
sau chn cc mc chn tng ng ca hp thoi VIEW CONTROL

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3.3.4. Lnh che cc cnh khut v to bng.

a) Lnh Hide
b) Lnh Shade
c) Lnh Render

Chng IV:
M hnh dng mt v khung dy
08 tit (LT: 3, TH: 5)

4.1. M hnh dng khung dy 3 chiu.

4.1.1. Khi nim v nguyn tc to hnh.
Cc i tng 3D dng khung dy c to ra t cc on thng. Trong
cc i tng mt 3D (3D c s) c to theo nguyn tc to cc khung dy v
dng lnh 3Dface to cc mt tam gic v t gic. Cc mt ny lin kt li
vi nhau nn khi ph v cc m hnh dng ny bng lnh Explode ta thu c
cc mt phng v cc ng thng ring bit. Do vi cc mt ny ta ch c th
dng cc chc nng truy bt i vi cc ng thng ring bit ca cc mt nh
MIDpoint, INTersection. ENDpoint... hiu chnh cc mt c s ta dng lnh
Pedit.
C 9 i tng 3d mt : Box( mt hp ch nht ), Cone (mt nn), Dome
(mt na cu trn), Dish ( mt na cu di), Mesh ( mt li ), Pyramid ( mt
khi a din), Sphere ( mt cu ), Torus ( mt xuyn ).
4.1.2. Cc lnh c bn to m hnh dng khung dy
4.1.2.1 Lnh to a gic
+ Tn lnh : LINE.
+ Cch thc hin : Ging nh khi thc hin lnh LINE trong khng gian 2D. Ch
khc l ta c th cho c ba to X, Y, Z cho cc im ca tng on thng khi
dng to Cc.
4.1.2.2 Lnh to a tuyn 3D.
+ Tn lnh : 3DPOLY.
+ Cch thc hin : Ging nh khi thc hin lnh PLINE trong khng gian 2D. Ch
khc l ta c th cho c ba to X, Y, Z cho cc im ca tng phn on khi
dng to Cc v ta khng th v cung trn trong n bng la chn ARC. Do
vy ng Polyline l mt ng bt k trong khng gian khng bt buc phi
trong mt mt phng c nh nh ng PLINE 2D.
4.1.2.3 Hiu chnh a tuyn 3D.
+ Tn lnh : PEDIT.
+ Cch thc hin : Ging nh khi thc hin lnh PEDIT trong khng gian 2D. Ch
khc l ta c th cho c ba to X, Y, Z cho cc im ca tng on thng khi
dng to Cc.

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4.2. M hnh dng mt 3 chiu.
4.2.1. Khi nim v nguyn tc to hnh.

4.2.2. Cc lnh c bn to m hnh dng mt

4.2.2.1 Lnh nng cao.
+ Tn lnh : ELEVATION (ELEV).
+ Cng dng : Lnh ny cho php v cc i tng mi nng ln mt cao no
sau khi pht lnh.
+ Cch thc hin : Thng g tt tn lnh l ELEV; Sau khi pht lnh xong ta phi
cho nng cao ca cc i tng sp v so vi i tng v ( tr li la chn :
New Curent Elevation), tip theo ta cho dy ca cc i tng sp v ( tr li
la chn : New Curent Thickness).
4.2.2.2 Lnh to dy
+ Tn lnh : THICKNESS.
+ Cng dng : Lnh ny cho php v cc i tng mi c mt dy no theo
phng OZ sau khi pht lnh.
+ Cch thc hin :
( thng kt hp thc hin vi lnh nng cao, sau khi pht lnh ELEV ).
4.2.2.3 Lnh to mt 3D.
Lnh 3DFace to cc mt 3D c 4 hoc 3 cnh, 4 nh mt t gic c th khng
cng nm trn cng mt phng. Thng thng cc mt 4 cnh to bi lnh
3Dface l mt phng.
+ Tn lnh : 3DFACE.
+ Cch thc hin : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta cho cc im chnh l cc nh ca b
mt 3D ( tr li cc dng nhc : First Point, Second Point, Third Point .....). Mun
kt thc vic to cc nh ta nhn phm Enter).
khng xut hin mt cnh ca mt trc khi to cnh ti dng nhc
ta a la chn I (Invisible) v t bin Splframe = 0. Tuy nhin sau khi to
bi 3Dface ta c th che khut cnh bng lnh Edge (s dng lnh Appload gi
mt chng trnh ng dng vit bng ngn ng AUTOLISP tn l Edge.lsp c
trong ng dn ngm nh C:\ACAD R14\SUPPORT \EDGE.LSP a lnh
Edge vo bn v).
lm xut hin cc cnh ca mt b che khut ta t bin SPLFRAME = 1
v thc hin lnh Regen.
4.2.2.4 Cc i tng dng mt 3D c bn.
+ Tn lnh : 3D.
+ Cc mc chn : y Cad a ra mt s b mt c bn; Khi v ta ch vic gi
tn v cho cc thng s cn thit v chng.
a) Mt hp ch nht.
+ Tn lnh : AI_BOX.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta phi tr li cc mc chn ca
CAD.
Corner of box: ( chn im gc ca hp )
Length: ( chiu di hp, tng ng vi khong cch theo trc X)
Cube<Width>:( chiu rng theo trc Y, la chn Cube to hp vung)

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Hight:( chiu cao theo trc Z cho bng cch chn hai im hoc cho tr s
dng)
Rotation angne about Zaxis: ( gc quay so vi trc song song vi trc Z v i qua
im Corner of box).
b) Mt nn.
+ Tn lnh : AI_CONE.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta phi tr li cc la chn :
Center point: ( tm ca vng trn y nn ).
Diameter/Radius of Base: ( bn knh vng trn y ).
Diameter/Radius of top: ( bn knh vng nh mt nn ct; Nu gi tr ny l 0
th ta c mt nn, nu bng bn knh vng trn y th ta c mt tr ).
Height :( chiu cao theo trc Z cho bng cch chn hai im hoc cho tr s
dng)
Number of segmelts <16> ( s on ni hai mt nh v y ).
S cc mt phng to nn mt nn ph thuc vo gi tr Number of
segmelts. Mt nn do cc mt tam gic to nn. Mt nn ct v tr trn l do cc
mt t gic phng to nn.

c) Mt na cu di.
+ Tn lnh : AI_DISH.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc mc :
Center of Dish: ( tm ca mt cu )
Diameter/< Radius > : Bn knh (hoc ng knh) ca mt cu.
Number of longitudinal segmelts < 16 >: ( cho s ng kinh tuyn)
Number of latitudinal segments <8 >: ( cho s cc ng v tuyn)

d) Mt na cu trn.
+ Tn lnh : AI_DOME.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Ging lnh to na cu di DISH.
e) Mt li.
+ Tn lnh : AI_MESH.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : to mt li 3 P4
chiu ny cn xc nh 4 nh v cho M, N ca P3
li ( gi tr M, N nm trong khong 2 256).
First corner:( chn im gc P1 ca li)
Second corner:( chn im gc P2 ca li)
Third corner:( chn im gc P3 ca li)
Fourth corner:( chn im gc P4 ca li)
P2
Mesh M Size:( s mt li nm theo cnh P1
P1_P2)
Mesh N Size:( s mt li nm theo cnh P1_P4)
f) Mt a din.
+ Tn lnh : AI_PYRAMID.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc la chn :
First Base point: ( im th nht ca y)

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Second Base point: ( im th hai ca y)
Thirt Base point: ( im th ba ca y)
Tetrahedron/< Fourth base point >: ( cho im th 4 to y l t gic phng,
nu chn T th y l tam gic)
Ridge/Top/< Apex point >: Ngm nh ta cho to nh P a din.
Nu nh l mt cnh (Ridge) : phi xc nh cnh nh hai im. Nu nh l mt
a gic ( top) ta phi xc nh 3 hoc 4 im ca a gic thuc nh.
First ridge point: ( im th nht ca cnh - nh)
Second ridge point: ( im th 2 ca cnh - nh)
......
Third top point: ( im th 3 ca mt nh)
Fourth top point: ( im th 4 ca mt nh)
T cc m hnh trn ta nhn thy mt hp ch nht l trng hp c bit ca
Pyramid khi mt y v mt nh ca Pyramid l hai hnh ch nht bng nhau v
c cc mt bn vung gc vi mt y.
g) Mt cu.
+ Tn lnh : AI_SPHERE.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc la chn :
Center of Sphere : ( tm ca mt cu )
Diameter/<Radius>: ( bn knh mt cu hoc chn D cho ng knh )
Number of longitudinal segments <16>: ( cho s ng kinh tuyn )
Number of Latitudinal segments<16>: ( cho s cc ng v tuyn)
h) Mt xuyn.
+ Tn lnh : AI_TORUS.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc la chn :
Center of torus: ( tm ca mt xuyn )
Diameter /<Radius> of torus: ( bn knh mt vng xuyn ngoi )
Diameter /<Radius> of tube : ( bn knh ca ng)
Segments aroumd tube circumference <16>: ( s cc phn on trn mt ng)
Segments aroumd torus circumference <16>: ( s cc phn on theo chu vi mt
xuyn )
i) Mt nm.
+ Tn lnh : AI_WEDGE.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc mc chn :
Corner of wedge: ( to im gc mt y ca nm )
Length: ( chiu di nm theo trc X )
Width:( chiu rng nm theo trc Y )
Height :( chiu cao nm theo trc Z )
Rotation angle about Z axis: ( gc quay xung quanh trc song song vi trc Z v
trc ny i qua im Corner of wedge )
Ti dng nhc trn nu nhn Enter th xut hin dng nhc:
< Rotation angle >/ Reference: Ngm nh nhp gi tr gc quay hoc cho
gc tham chiu (Reference).
Wedge ch l trng hp c bit ca Pyramid : Khi mt y l hnh ch
nht, mt nh l mt ng thng ( Ridge) v mt bn vung gc vi mt y.
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4.2.3 Mt li a gic.
Bao ph vt th khung bi cc mt lin kt, cc mt ny c th l mt
phng t gic hoc tam gic. Cc mt phng lin kt biu din gn ng cc mt
cong ca vt th v c gi l vt th cho di dng mt li a gic (3D
polygon meshs). Ta c th hiu chnh li a gic ny bng lnh Pedit. Mt
li c th thay i nh cc bin h thng SURFTAB1, SURFTAB2. Cc lnh
to li a gic bao gm: Edgesurf, Revsurf, Rulesurf, Tabsurf, 3Dmesh v
Pface.
4.2.3.1 Lnh to mt kiu tm thm.
+ Tn lnh : EDGESURF.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Trc khi pht lnh ta phi v 4 cnh ca mt l cc on
thng hoc cung trn, cc nh phi ni tip nhau. Sau khi pht lnh xong ta chn
bn cnh theo th t : Select Edge 1, Select Edge 2, Select Edge 3, Select Edge
4;
+ Ch : cnh th nht v th hai s xc nh s nt ( nh) ca li.
4.2.3.2 Lnh to mt kiu trn xoay.
+ Tn lnh : REVSURF.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Trc khi pht lnh ta phi v ng sinh (l on thng,
cung trn hoc ng Polyline) v trc ca b mt trn xoay s to ra .
Sau khi pht lnh xong ta chn ng sinh (la chn : Select Path Curve), sau
chn trc ca n (la chn : Select Axis Of Revolution), tip theo ta chn gc xut
pht (la chn : Start Angle) v cui cng l gc quay to hnh (la chn :
Included Angle...).
+ Ch : chiu dng ca gc quay ph thuc lnh Units.
4.2.3.3 Lnh to mt kiu mi ngi.
+ Tn lnh : RULESURF.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Trc khi pht lnh ta v hai ng c s ca b mt s to
ra n (l ng thng, cung trn ...). Sau khi pht lnh xong ta chn hai ng c
s . (bin mt li mc nh l SURFTAB1 = 6, c th thay i)
4.2.3.4 Lnh to mt tr.
+ Tn lnh : TABSURF.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Trc khi pht lnh ta phi v ng chun v hng
ng sinh ca b mt tr cn to.
Sau khi pht lnh xong ta chn ng chun (la chn : Select Path Curve), sau
n hng ca ng sinh (la chn : Select Direction Vector ).
4.2.3.5 Lnh to mt kiu li a gic ba chiu.
+ Tn lnh : 3DMESH.
+ Cng dng : To mt li a gic ba chiu bng cch cho s nh theo cc
hng M, N v to mi nh. S nh li nm trong khong t 2 - 256.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : Sau khi pht lnh xong ta phi cho s nh theo phng
OX (la chn Mesh M Size : S nh theo hng M), s nh theo hng OY (la
chn Mesh N Size : S nh theo hng N). Tip theo ta phi cho to ca cc
nh tng ng ca li :
Vertex (0,0): ( to nh 0,0)

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Vertex (0,1): ( to nh 0,1)
.............
Vertex (0,N-1): ( to nh 0,N-1)
Vertex (1,0): ( to nh 1,0)
.............
Vertex (M-1,N-1): ( to nh M-1,N-1)
4.2.3.6 Lnh to mt gm cc li kiu a gic phng.
+ Tn lnh : PFACE.
+ Cch thc hin lnh : ( ging lnh SOLID ca Acad R12, thay v ta t c mt
mt ta s c mt mt li a gic phng).

4.2.3.7 Lnh hiu chnh mt li a gic.

+ Tn lnh : PEDIT.
+ Cch thc hin :
Sau khi pht lnh xong ta tr li cc mc chn :
Select Polyline: ( chn mt li cn hiu chnh)
Edit vertex/ Smooth surface/Desmooth/Mclose/Nclose/Undo/Exit<X>:
Cc la chn:
Smooth Surface : Lm trn a tuyn; Hnh dng mt trn ph thuc vo bin
SURFTYPE. Nu bin ny = 5 ta c li l cc ng bc hai, = 6 ta c
ng bc ba v =8 ta c mt li l cc ng cong Bezier. lm xut
hin khung khi lm trn mt li ta nh bin SPLFRAME = 1. mn ca
li c nh bi cc bin SURFU, SURFV.
Desmooth : Chuyn mt trn thnh mt li a gic
Mclose v Nclose ( Mopen hoc Nopen) : ng kn (m) li theo hng M
hoc N
Undo : Hu b la chn va thc hin .
Exit : Thot ra khi lnh Pedit.
Edit Vertex: chuyn sang ch hiu chnh cc im li, khi p E xut hin
du gch cho X ti mt nh v dng nhc:
Next/Previous/Left/Right/Up/Down/Move/Regen/Exit<N>:
Cc la chn Next,Previous,Left,Right,Up,Down : Dng di chuyn cc nh
cn hiu chnh. La chn Move dng ri mt nh n v tr mi.

4.3 Nhm lnh hiu chnh c bn cc i tng 3 chiu.

4.3.1. Lnh quay i tng 3 chiu.
+ Tn lnh : ROTATE3D.
+ Cc mc chn :
2Point: Trc quay i qua 2 im.
Entity : Trc quay l i tng 2D.
Last : Trc quay l i tng va c chn lm trc quay trc .
View : Trc quay l ng thng vung gc vi mn hnh v i qua mt im m
ta s chn sau .
Xaxis, Yaxis, Zaxis : Trc quay l trc song song vi trc OX, OY hoc OZ v i
qua mt im m ta s chn sau .

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4.3.2. Lnh ly i xng i tng 3 chiu.

+ Tn lnh : MIRROR3D.
+ Cch thc hin : Ging nh lnh ly i xng cho cc i tng 2D. Nhng n
l dng i xng qua mt phng nn c nhiu mc chn hn.
+ Cc mc chn :
3Point : Mt phng qua 3 im.
XY, YZ, XZ : Mt phng song song vi mt phng XOY, YOZ, XOZ v i qua
mt im m ta s chn sau .
Zaxis : Mt phng vung gc vi trc OZ, m trc OZ ny i qua hai im do ta
chn.

4.3.3. Lnh to mng 3 chiu.

+ Tn lnh : 3DARRAY.
+ Cch thc hin : Ging nh lnh to mng cho cc i tng 2D. Nhng n l
dng to mng ba chiu nn c nhiu mc chn hn. C th khi chn mng kiu
xp thnh hng, ct ta cn phi cho thm s lp cha cc mng 2D . Khi to
mng xp theo kiu phn b theo kiu quay xung quanh mt tm ta phi cho trc
quay (qua 2 im) thay v cho tm quay (qua 1 im).

4.3.4. Sp xp cc i tng 3 chiu.

+ Tn lnh : ALIGN.
+ Cch thc hin : Thc cht lnh ny cho php di v quay cc i tng 3D n
cc v tr thch hp.
Sau khi pht lnh xong ta phi chn cc i tng cn phi sp xp li. Sau ta
phi cho 3 cp im cn thit cho vic xp xp l im trn i tng cn xp xp
li v tr (Source Point : im ngun) v im m n s ri n ( Destination Point :
im ch).
4.4 Nhm lnh h tr khi thit k m hnh 3 chiu.
4.4.1. Khi nim khng gian m hnh v khng gian giy v
Khi ta v ra mt i tng ba chiu, ta c th quan st n trong cc ca s
khc nhau v vi cc im quan st khc nhau. Trong khng gian m hnh ta c
th to c nhiu ca s quan st, nhng khi in th CAD ch cho php in trn
mt ca s hin hnh. iu ta mong mun l ta in c tt c nhng phn ta chn
trn mn hnh vi cc la chn khc nhau... iu ny ch c c khi ta chuyn
sang ch v trn giy hay khng gian giy v ging nh phn mm son tho
vn bn trong WINWORD. Khi chuyn c sang ch ny ta c th to c
nhiu khung ca s v cc khung ny c t vi cc im nhn khc nhau v c
bit n c th cc v tr bt k ( cc khung c th chng ln nhau), khi in ta
chn c cc phn cn in trong tt c cc la chn ca lnh PLOTTER hay
PRINTER ging nh khi in cc i tng 2D. c bit l khi ta chuyn sang
khng gian giy v, nu thy cn phi sa i trn khng gian m hnh (trong 3D)
ta li chuyn hn sang c khng gian m hnh thit k li (nh lnh
TILEMODE)...Nhng ta ang trong khng gian giy v, mun thit k thm hay
chnh sa cc i tng 2D th ta ch cn dng lnh chuyn tm thi (lnh

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MSpace) m khng cn phi chuyn hn sang khng gian m hnh (lnh
TILEMODE).
4.4.1.1 Lnh chuyn phng thc to khng gian m hnh v khng gian giy
v.
+ Tn lnh : TILEMODE.
+ Cc mc chn :
OFF (0) : Chuyn sang khng gian m hnh 3D.
ON (1) : Chuyn sang khng gian giy v.
4.4.1.2 Lnh chuyn khng gian m hnh 2D v khng gian giy v khi ang
khng gian giy v ( bin TILEMODE=1).
+ Tn lnh : MSPACE, PSPACE.
+ Ch thc hin :
Lnh MSPACE : Cho php chuyn t khng gian giy v sang khng gian m hnh
to cc i tng 2D.
Lnh PSPACE : Cho php chuyn t khng gian m hnh 2D tr thnh khng gian
giy v.

4.4.2. To khung ca s ng.

+ Tn lnh : MVIEW.
+ Cc mc chn :
Lnh ny cho php to cc khung ca s ng, n ch c thc hin khi
chuyn sang khng gian giy v.
Cc mc chn lc ny ging ht lnh VPORTS khi ang trong khng gian m
hnh. Nhng ta c th pht lnh ny nhiu ln to nhiu khung ca s chng ln
nhau nh cc i tng v. Ta c th thc hin nhanh bng cch vo thc n
VIEW vo mc chn FLOATING VIEWPORTS...
Lnh Mview ch thc hin trong khng gian phng khi bin TILEMODE =
0, dng to cc khung ca s ng nm v tr bt k v chng c th xp
chng ln nhau.
Sau khi pht lnh xong ta chn cc mc :
ON/OFF/Hideplot/Fit//2/3/4/Restore/<First point>:
Cc la chn:
<First point > nh im gc th nht p1 xc nh kch thc khung ca s, sau
khi chn xong im ny s xut hin tip dng nhc :
Other coner : nh im i din ca khung ca s.
ON/OFF : M /tt cc i tng trong khung ca s (vports).
Hideplot : Khng hin cc nt khut ca m hnh trn khung ca s, c th b
nt nhiu khung ca s khi in, cc mc chn ca mc chn H:
ON/OFF : t ch t ng cho vic m, tt cc nt khut ca m hnh trong
khung ca s khi in c chn.
Select object : chn khung ca s no cn che cc nt khut cc m hnh.
Fit : To mt khung ca s c kch thc va kht vi vng ho
Horizontal/Vertical : Chn khung ca s cn che cc nt khut, cc m hnh.
Fit/<First corner>: Nu chn Fit th 2 khung ca s s tra kht mn hnh ho
vi t l thch hp cho tng khung ca s. Hoc ta c th nh kch thc cc

Bin son: B mn KTMT-Khoa CNTT Trang 78