Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology

(Affiliated to Pondicherry University)

Kalitheerthalkuppam, Mannadipet Commune, Pondicherry 605107.

EET55- MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION

QUESTION BANK

UNIT I
PART-A QUESTIONS
1. State the difference between accuracy and precision of a measurement.
2. For the following given data, x1 = 49.7, x2 = 50 .1, x3 = 50.3, x4=49.6, X5 = 49.7. Calculate
the standard deviation.
3. What are absolute instruments?
4. What are loading effects?
5. Define Static Error.
6. What are the three categories of systematic error?
7. Define: (a) Arithmetic mean, (b) Standard deviation.
8. The expected value of the voltage across a resistor is 80 V. However, the measurement gives a
value of 79 V. calculate (a) absolute error, (b) relative accuracy.
9. What are the static characteristics of measurement system?
10. What is meant by active instrument? Give an example.
11. List the desirable and undesirable static characteristics of instruments.
12. Define the term threshold.
13. Define accuracy.
14. What are the types of standards?
15. Define the term accuracy and precision.
16. What is the significance of calibration?
PART-B QUESTIONS
1. (a) Explain the static and dynamic characteristics of measuring instruments.
(b) Describe the phenomenon of hysteresis in measurement system.
2. Explain the following errors in measurements with suitable examples:
(a) Gross error (b) systematic errors (c) random error.
3. Show the functional blocks of a generalized instrumentation system through a neat sketch.
Also explain their function in details.
4. A circuit was tuned for resonance by eight different students, and the values of resonant
frequency in KHZ were recorded as 532,548,543,535,546,531,543 and 536. Calculate (a) the
arithmetic mean, (b) deviation from the mean, (c) average deviation, and (d) standard
deviation.
5. Explain the different errors in measurement system.
Prepared by D.BALAJI AP/EEE
6. With neat diagram explain the functional elements of an instrument.
7. Explain the classification of measuring instruments. Also explain the functional elements of
an instrument.
8. In a survey of owners of a certain model of car, the following figures are for average petrol
consumption were reported.
25.5 30.3 31.1 29.6 32.4 39.4 28.9 30.0 33.3 31.4 29.5 30.5 31.7 33.0 29.2 Calculate
mean value, median value, standard deviation and the variance.
9. Draw the generalized functional block diagram of an instrumentation system. Explain the
significance of each block. Discuss the functional block diagram for pressure measurement
using Bourdon tube.
10. What are the different errors encountered in measurements? Explain with examples and the
measures taken to minimize these errors.
UNIT II
PART-A QUESTIONS
1. Write down the main sources of errors in moving coil instruments.
2. Compare the induction type and dynamometer type watt meters.
3. What are the errors caused in wattmeter?
4. What is burden of instrument transformer?
5. What are the main types of instruments used as ammeters and voltmeters?
6. Mention the advantages of instrument transformers.
7. How is the current range of PMMC instrument extended with help of shunts?
8. Why is the secondary winding of current transformer always short circuited?
9. What are the different effects used in producing deflection torque in an analog instruments?
10. Write the significance of synchroscope?
11. What are the errors in wattmeter?
12. Why the secondary of Current transformer should be short circuited?
13. List the advantages of moving coil instrument.
14. Compare Ammeter and Voltmeter construction.

PART-B QUESTIONS
1. With help of neat diagram, describe the construction and working of
(a) Attraction type and (b) Replusion type moving iron instruments.
2. Explain the special feature incorporated in an electrodynamometer type of wattmeter so that
it can be used for low power factor applications.
3. Describe how high currents and voltages are measured with the help of instrument
transformers.
4. Explain the construction and working of PMMC instrument. Compare it with MI instrument.
5. With a neat sketch explain the construction and working of single phase energy meter. With
the neat diagram explain the construction and operation of permanent magnet moving coil
instruments. Derive the expression for the torque.

Prepared by D.BALAJI AP/EEE

6. Explain the operation of single phase energy meter.
7. Describe the constructional details and working of AC type instrument. Derive the equation
for deflection under ac operation if the meter is spring controlled.
8. (a) Explain the connection diagram of instrument transformers.
(b) Describe the working principle of Western type frequency meter.

UNIT III
PART-A QUESTIONS
1. What is the criterion for balance of wheat stone bridge?
2. Mention the various tests that are used for testing ferro-magnetic materials.
3. What are the detectors commonly used for ac bridges?
4. What is the necessity of providing earth screen in high voltage Schering bridge?
5. Write the various detectors commonly used for AC bridges
6. What conditions must be satisfied to make an AC bridge balance?
7. Write the demerits of wheat stone bridge.
8. Obtain the condition for balance in Wheatstone bridge.
9. What is the role of ballistic galvanometer in determination of BH curve of magnetic
material?
10. Write the demerits of Wheat stone bridge.
11. State the limitations of Wheatstone bridge.
12. Draw the vector diagram of Wiens bridge.

PART-B QUESTIONS
1. (a) What are the difficulties encountered in the measurement of high resistance.
(b) Describe the working of DeSautys bridge for measurement of capacitance and draw the
phasor diagram for this bridge
2. Explain how Wiens bridge can be used for measurement of capacitance and draw the
parameters.
3. Explain the Maxwells bridge circuit. Derive its balance equation. State its merits and
limitation.
4. Explain the Wheatstone bridge circuit. Derive its balance equation. State its merits and
limitation.
5. An AC bridge has the following constants
Arm AB - Capacitor of 0.5F in parallel with 1K resistance.
Arm AD - resistance of 2K
Arm BC capacitor of 0.5F
Arm CD unknown capacitor Cx and Rx in series Frequency 1Khz. Determine the
unknown capacitance and dissipation factor.
6. Explain how Wiens bridge can be used for experimental determination of frequency. Derive
the expression for frequency in terms of bridge parameters.

Prepared by D.BALAJI AP/EEE

7. Explain the operation of Kelvins double bridge and obtain the expression for unknown
resistance.
8. Derive the balance equation for the Maxwells inductance bridge and Draw its phasor
diagram.
UNIT IV
PART-A QUESTIONS
1. Write any two advantages of using LEDs in electronic displays.
2. What do you mean by multipoint recorders?
3. What are the advantages of LED display?
4. What are data loggers?
5. What are the different methods of magnetic tape recording?
6. What are the different components of CRT?
7. What is the difference between an indicator and a recorder?
8. What is the difference between LED and LCD?
9. Distinguish the functional difference between Strip chart recorder and X-Y recorder?
10. What is the operating principle of LCD display?
11. Write the application on X-Y recorders.
12. What are the basic components of a tape recorder?
13. What are the different materials used in LED?
14. What is X_Y recorder?

PART-B QUESTIONS
1. Explain with a neat diagram a method of realizing a seven segment numeric display using
LEDs.
2. Draw the block diagram of a data logger and explain the function of each block.
3. Briefly discuss the use of LED and LCD as display devices in instrumentation. Comment on
their relative merits and demerits.
4. (a) Discuss with a neat diagram, a method of realizing a 7 segment numeric display using
LEDs.
(b) Write a note on dot matrix display.
5. Explain the basic components of magnetic tape recorder and discuss the frequency modulation
recording technique.
6. Explain the PDM recording method. Write its merits and demerits.
7. Explain the operation and types of LED write its merits and demerits. Explain the operation of
magnetic tape recorder.
8. Explain various types of LCD. List out its advantages and disadvantages.
UNIT V
PART-A QUESTIONS
1. Mention the advantages of electrical transducers.
2. What is the difference between active and passive transducers?

Prepared by D.BALAJI AP/EEE

3. Write the principle of thermocouple.
4. What is piezo electric effect and state some of the piezo electric materials?
5. Give the disadvantages of LVDT.
6. Define thermistor.
7. Write the advantages of using platinum RTDs?
8. What are the drawbacks associated with capacitive transducers?
9. What is piezoelectric effect? What is the principle of inductive type transducers?
10. Define Gauge Factor for strain gauges.
11. What are the main parts of transducer?
12. What do you mean by transducer?
13. List out application of LVDT.

PART-B QUESTIONS
1. Describe the principle of operation of a pressure transducer employing each of the following
principles: (a) Inductive transducer (b) Capacitive transducer.
2. Explain the construction and working of magnetic flow meter. Write the advantages and
disadvantages of magnetic flow meter.
3. Write short notes on
(a) Piezo electric Transducers.
(b) Strain gauges.
4. With neat schematic diagram, explain construction and working of Electromagnetic flow
meter
5. Explain the construction and working LVDT. Write its merits and demerits.
6. Explain basic principle of resistive and inductive transducer.
7. (a) Describe the principle of RTD and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
(b)Explain the constructional features of Bourdon tube type pressure transducer.
8. Explain how can the capacitive transducers and piezo electric transducer be used for pressure
measurement.

Prepared by D.BALAJI AP/EEE