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alter ation will give my reade rs some cutti ng away of the front plinth for the t op joint is made
notio n of the work 1 unde rtook , and will step, and for the setti ng back of the lowe r the midd le with out any difficulty. Abou t
not tax space very consi derably. The move- parts of the pillar s, which also were cut meas uring rathe of the top piece a squa re hole
men t was a very ordinary brass one with with laps to br ing their surfa ces into ! in., than r less each way, 8a.y, abou t
a quar ter-p late is cut. Roun d
pend ulum, and the case was little more than close conta ct with the styles. In p utting the edges of this hole
a box with a plint h at front and sides, in together, I ensu red firm attac hmen t of one cut, ' vithi n a rabb et or recess is
whic h ~hannels were cut to carry the bot- part to anoth er by using screws. I also used plate serve whic h a quar ter-p late lies. This
s as the wind ow for the box,
tom; the top was a fla t piece of wood glue wher ever its appli cation woul d be and, it is almo st need less to say, the light
roun ded on edge and brad ded on there was atten ded by good resul ts. throu gh it must be rend ered non-actinic.
also a. mitre d fram ed door with glass pane ls;
and the dial was print ed on zinc plate .
Altog ether , my clock was such an one as our -- -... -- - This I mana ged by mere ly pasti ng some
of the orang e-col oured pape r used by photo-
grap hers over both sides of the glass, and
Ame rican cousins send away in shipl oads. A PHOTOGRAPHIC CHANGI XG BOX. subs eque ntly oilin g it to rend er it less
The reade r may express wond er that I BY L. IVOR POOLE. opaq ue. The ~lass was then let into the
took troub le over so paltr y an artic le ; but, rabb et, which, 1t shou ld be state d, is on the
as I have said, the clock had alwa ys kept
stead y time , and t hat, I appre hend . il> as RETR-DD OSI'.E CTin: -Aov. u;TAG ES OF CBA.-..oiNO Box insid e of the lid, and not deep er than just
IE~ SIO:SS-MAT.ERIALS-STOPPl:SO LIGHT enou gh to hold the glass. I t will thus be
much as a clock, what soev er its wort h may - Wt:>D O\T-H OLES }'OR HAND S-HO LE IIN seen that this is a good deal below the lev( ~
be 'is expe cted to d o. FRO!\ T OF BOX- SLEE VES FOR HANDS A.'ID of the outsi de of the lid, and is, there fore, to
The orna ment al case whic h form s my HF-U>-H OO!tSI FOR LID, ETC.- EYES -l'IIO DE
some exten t, protected from injur y. With -
subje ct was the resul t of my delib erati on, OF USI NG Box-P REPA lUNO PLAT ES-UT ILI-
out some other covering~ it migh t seem
and when I t ook occasion to look abou t me SATION OF Box.
likel y
for some thing to guid e me, I could see no N ow that summ er is once more upon us, objec to be frequ ently oroke n, and this
exam ple in the clock make rs' wind ows to and hosts of phot ogra phic cycli sts will be All tion has some times been made to it.
I
assis t me. The inevi table marb le clocks, takin g to the road with their wiry steed s mine can say to this is that the glass in
said to be models of Pom peian relics or of and came ras, some desc riftion of a n ar- have has not once been brok en, thou gh 1
Grecian temp les1 were too gran d for me, rang emen t whic h I foun d o use may not be used the box more or less for some
and palle d by theu repet ition . I turne d then unac cepta ble to those readers of WOR K who years . Of cours e I have taken care of it,
to the neat clock s in taste fully -desi gned are riders, thou gh I can no long er call my- and protected it from roug h usag e. The
wood en cases for reli ef; but their turne d self one of them . Still, reme mber ing the glass is fixed in by tape glued both to it and
the surro undi ng wood. This, I am boun d
pilla rs and raile d galle ries did not quite g lorio us spins and occas ional inglo rious to
satis fy me. At last I took my cue from some spills, the Satu rday after noon runs with say, gaYe way once or twice, thou gh it
archi tectu ral detai l, and 1 deve loped a very their acco mpan ying teas at the famo us "Old suffic prob ably woul d not if the tape had been
ientl y wide . To prev ent mish aps of
rrrett y cottage porc h to suit my purp ose. Salis bury ," or othe r well- know n hoste lry, I this
This is show n in Fig. 1. kind , I subs eque ntly took a piece of
am one with them at heart . As I write calico, with a hole in it abou t the size
The desig n for a new case being thus how old mem ories come back : the sixte en of
arran ged, t1ie first step was the maki ng of a assembled in the "Up per Cham ber," which that in the t op, and glued it down inste ad
full-s ized draw ing ' of it. This enabled me soun ds better than "Att ic,'' of Iron mong er of the tape. This has been perfe ctly satis-
the better to conceive how to alter my old Lane , there to settl e the cycli ng affai rs of ~to ~ _
frien d's appe aranc e, and I bega n work in the natio n, or make as near an approach In each end I cut a roun d hole to admt t
earnest by demo lishin g the cons truct ion of there to as circu msta nces perm itted . Portl y, the hands. To suit me t hese holes are abou t
the old case. This oper ation was perfo rmed J!leasant Tod, ably supp orted by clear 5 in. diam eter from whic h it may be in-
old ferre d that No. 6 "kid s" don't fit me, but
with grea t care, in order that the sever ance Shep pee, with the Gene ral, "Lor d'' Algy in
of parts migh t be effected with out abras ion Darn ley, Cale donia n Craw, and other s, any case the holes shou ld be quite large
or splin ters ; and my reaso n for prese rving thou gh "lost to sight are to mem ory dear. w&o enough to admi t the hand freel y and allow
"
the parts from dama ge will, I think , be per- Then there's the Phai rson with his celeb rated of the sleeve-encompassed arms being move d
ceived, as the wisd om of such a cours e '"as song of " The Cat," N aim (I wond er if he saw, abou t. Thes e holes were cut witli a fret
appa rent to me. Wh~n I came to revie w reme mbers his first ride np ~luswell Hill the piece s remo ved being kept and
my clock's requi reme nts, I saw that the a socia ble 7), .MacC andli sli, L owe, "Sig ma," on used subs eque ntly as covers. This rende rs
same full allot ment of widt h and heig ht fo r and the rest of the cycli ng press men- ab it almost unne cessary to say that when
lengt h of pend ulum a nd unwi ndin g of sprin g ment ionin g them remm ds me of our "onl ! cutti ng them , the tiltin g table of the mach ine
were dema nded in the new case as t he old Edito r," him of the C. T. C. But y was ad_justed so as to form beve lled edges.
one had prov ided ; and when the time came on these remi nisce nces won' t do ; notofurth dwel l The thick ness of the saw make s the covet'S
for recon struc tion, my labou rs were grea tly prog ress woul d be made than er fit in rathe r t oo loosely, a fault 'vhich is
some times easil y got over, howeve~ by g luing slips of
reduc ed, as much of the old work was used happ ened at, ahem , a coun cil meet ing of
over agam. the pape r on the edaes. .tSy this mean s the
N. C. U. ; so mou nt and away , no more cove rs may be m~e to fit perfe ctly, without
The old case thus, by disin tegra tion, delay ing at "Tal ly-ho Corn er."
thorou~hly lost its ident ity, and the debris
any grea t skill in joine ry.
The chan ging box abou t to be descr ibed On the front of the box a simil ar hole,
rema inmg was exam ined as to how far the woul d be rathe r too cumb rous
to be carri ed but oval and meas uring abou t 7 in. by
fragm ents migh~ b_e adaf ted to contri~ute "ith ease on a bicycle, but on a. tricy cle
towa rds the biDld mg o the new destg n. have take n it abou t with out incon I 41 in., is cut, the piece remo ved bein17 al~o
Cer tain of the pieces, I found , were inapp lic- I do not say that it is more conv enien venie nce. utilised as a cover. Through the holes m
able ; for insta nce, the old top piece not being takin g a num ber of dark slide s t than the ends the hand s are passed to work
!arge enou ghto prov ideth eove rhang ingea ves, a ride, but on tour I have foun with one on insid e the box, while the othe r one admi ts
d it very of what is done being seen. This latte r is
1t was condemne d, and a large r piece made useful, and at home it is hard ly less
the door also was disca rded as havin g no locai when one want s to chan ge a plate so, not abso lutel y necessary, as 'vith a. litt~o
habi tatio n unde r new cond itions. Amo ng going into the dark room. with out pract ice it is quite possible to do what 1s
sund ry othe r alter ation s, the doorw ay, whic h plates have been deve loped inOn occasion want ed witho ut the assis tance of the eyes,
exten ded the whole widt h of the case, was the space is rathe r too it, thou gh thou gh gene rally it is more conv~nien~ to
confi
narro wed by first plani ng the side piece s Perh aps, to sum up its advaned for comf ort. use them . Of course, to prev ent any hght
ntage s, it may enter ing by these holes while plates are
suffi cient ly to take away rebat es that I be said that it is very easily made
foun d upon them ; I then affixe d false style s thou gh not so good as , and that being chan ged, it is neces sary to close them
some form s of with out in any war inter ferin g with free-
nrn each side piece, to bring the aper ture chan ging box, it is verr inexpother ensiv e.
o the door way with in prop er boun ds. dom of actio n. Thts may be easily mana ged
I n size, it is I ft. 2 m. long
T hese style s also form ed the back ing_for the by 10 in. deep , whic h I haveby 9 in. wide by form ing three sleeves or t?bes of _soll!e
two orna ment al pilla rs. Plan ing. tlie sides sufficient for chan ging foun d q_uite flexible mate rial, and I d oubt if anyt hmg 1s
of cours e made them narrower, conse- made of pine abou t tin. quart er-pl ates. It is more suita ble than black holla nd and the
q uently it was nece ssary to plane away the parts being faste ned togetthick , the vario us "can ary" colou red fabric sold by phot<?-
si~e piece s of the plint h to .match ; and, that The lid is hing ed on
her with screws. grap hic dealers. A layer of each of these ~s
bemg done) the recon struc tion wa.S proce eded becomes when the boxto the top, or, as it used to form the sleeves, or, to expre ss 1t
is in use, the front . differently, each sleev e is made of doub le
with . W 1th sligh t alter ation s here and To prev ent any lig ht getti ng in roun d the mate rial one being black and the other the
there, and a. trifle of humo uring , the case edges of the box at the lid, these cana ry f~bric. In..diam eter these Rleeves, at
was soon ready for the attac bmen t of orna- on the insid e with thick felt, just are lined one
men t: and I must not omit to ment ion the abov e them . By this means a projecting the end at any rate, are rathe r larger than
light t ight holes they a re to be fitted to. At the
I
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com -
Wurk-July 6, 1889.] A BL ocK P LANE AND PLANE WITH LE VER AnyusTMENT. 243
other end the size is not of so much sleeves being drawn out, that for the head is A BLOCK PLANE AND PLANE WITH
consequence, provided that those for the first pulled over the face, and then the arms LEVER ADJUSTMENT.
arms admit the hands easily, and that the passed through their respective holes. To BY A FOREMAN PATTERN M AKER.
other one fits on the operator's head, or, get the first arm through is not difficult, as
rather, on his face. This latter may require the other hand can assist, but the other is A W ORD IN SEASON-SHELL OF BLOCK PLAN.B-
some explanation, and I do not know that I more troublesome at first, though, with a PATTERNS-MKT.AL AND WOODEN Boss-Se nEW
can do better than state that the face is put little attention, it can soon be managed. -Q UALITIES OF SH OP PLANE!'I-PlN AS :F'UL
in it and looks through it, as it were throu~h Both haucls being inside the box, and the ORUAf FOR L E VER- L EVER FlTTINGS-0U'.M'lNG
a tunnel, into the interior of the box. Tne eyes looking down into it, it will be found lRON - :M.ERITS OB' WOODEN AND I RON PrJ.NitS
head sleeve passes under the chin1 over the - METAL P LATE ON SOU OF WOODEN PLANE.
that the operations of undoing flate box.,es,
ea.rs and the top of the head. To keep it in wrapping them up again, and al the move- I HAVE noticed once or twice in "Shop"
close, and also to prevent it slipping otf, the ments incidental to changing plates, can be expressions very nearly amounting to stric-
edges are bound with a piece of braid- performed with the greatest ease. I have, tures with reference to instructions given
elastic. The outer ends of the arm pieces however, found that plates were sometimes on the. methods to be followed in making
are also bound in a similar way, so that on injured by the moi::;ture of the breath, but certain tools at home, when the tools that
the hands being passed through they closely having called attention to the liability to are described may be purchased of most
grip the wrists, without, however, being so this mishap, it is not necessary to say more hardware merchants and dealers in tools.
ti~ht as to impede circulation. The elastic than that 1t can be avoided by not J:!lacing Others a~in show as much desire as others
I have on my box is about I in. wide. The the face too close to the plate. Since I evince diSinclination for papers such as I
ring or garter of elastic is, of course, smaller found ont why the plates were injured it has am now about to write, and declare that the
than the full size of the diameter of the not occurred. Naturally, owing t o the con- information that t hey derive from them is
sleeves, which are what I think ladies call fined space, the atmosphtre soon becomes alike useful and welcome. Doubtless there
"gathered ; " but this, no doubt, is part of unpleasantly warm and close, but no great is much to be said on both sides, inasmuch
the making, which will hardly be undertaken inconvenience need be incurred on this score. as some have neither time nor inclination to
by men, and any member of the gentle sex In connection with this box, I may men- do anything of the kind for themselves, and
will know how to do what is required with- tion that I found it a great convenience to others are better pleased t o use a.nythi ng that
out being told if the object is explained. In prepare the plates in pairs beforehand by has cost them both time and trouble to
my own case it was so, and I can only hope putting them together with a piece of bla.ck make better than the best of its kind that
others may be similarly fortunate, because paper bet\Yeen each. A small " dab" of can be purchased at the tool shops. I think
I am quite unequal to the t ask of explaining gum or paste on the back of each plate kept myself, however, that the t ime spent in
the mysteries of the needle. them in contact with the paper, so that in reading the article is by no means lost, nor
T he other ends of the sleeves a re fastened changing, instead of having two separate the space that is taken up by it in the
to the inside of the box with small tacks, so plates with the loose backing to manipulate, magazine to be regarded as wasted, for due
t hat when the covers are on they are not there was practically only one. I may go a comprehension of the construction of a tool
visible. The tacks should be pretty close little further, and say that, by taking this invariably leads up to better ability to use
to~ether, and it is to allow of the sleeves precaution, I have changed many plates when it. It is far from likely that every reader
bemg properly nailed down that it has been out riding in a mackintosh !egging for dark can find equal satisfaction or benefit from
stated they should be a little wider than room. An elastic garter was slipped over the perusal of every paper, but it is pos-
the holes. The length of the sleeves is not each end of this, and the f.llates changed sible to rest contented even with that which
of much consequence : in my box, those for without looking at them. This, however, may not be immediately profitable to him-
the arms are about 6 in., and that for the is only by t he way, as it has nothing what- self when he remembers their importance
head about I ft. long. ever to do with the construction of a chang- and utility to others.
To keeJ:> the lid close and the covers on when ing box, any more than the mention of other .Figs. I and 2 represent in plan and sec-
required I used nothing but small wire hooks. kinds or of portable dark rooms. tion the shell of a block plane, which is
Something neater might be adopted, but The box described will hold camera be- made either in iron or in gun metal, in
they have served their purpose, and, by sides other odds and ends, including the various sizes and under various modifica-
making them myself, I was able to get them tourist's wardrobe when on tour, provided tions. It is, however, only worth the trouble
just what I considered of a suitable size his impedimenta are not great, as they of making when not ofvery small size; use-
without any trouble. Four hooks are em- seldom need be for a few days' run, even ful dimensions would average from 6 m. to
ployed to secure each cover, and six for the though they consist of more than a corn b 8 in. in length.
lid, that is, two in front and two on each and tooth brush, and possibly a clean collar I do not show the plane complete, because
tiide. The hooks themselves are merely or two. When being carried about, the the wedge and screw are precisely like
pieces of brass wire bent, with one eud covers, which fit over the holes, hardly those shown in Fig. 3, and the same de-
forming an eye or ring, through which a allow the box to be distinguished from an scription will apply to both. The latter,
small screw nail is passed. To catch the ordinary plain one. Fig. 3, shows a very neat little plane
hook over, the "eyes" are short round- Thus our box may be made useful in with a lever adjustment for the setting of
headed screw nails. By first fastening the more ways than one, a desirable thing in the iron, and one that can be made without
lwoks, the exact position of these screws these times, when so many things are" con- much difficulty. These are to be bought in
can easily be obtained ; and if, at any time, trived a double debt to pay,'' and combina- the shops, but any one possessing a moderate
the wire does not catch properly on them, a tion tools in which one article id made to do degree of skill in metal working can make
sli~ht bend soon puts everything right. In duty for three or four are so freely offered two or three of different dimensions for
th1s respect they are, perhaps, better than as an attraction to all workers on a small home use.
hooks bought ready prepared, as these might scale. And I do not think that many will In each case construct the patterns exactly
!JOt be capable of sucli ready adjustment. be found who will quarrel with its adapta- like their castings, except, that in J."'ig. 3,
In case any one does not understand the bility on this score. the little socketed rE:cess in the piece A will
nature of these fastenings, it may be said I t is possible that some few, on reading be left to Le afterwards drilled and counter-
that the side hooks shown in page 217 of the description that has been given aboveil sunk, as also will the small holes at B
Melhuish's catalogue will do admirably, and realismg the fact that but little ski ana o. L est t he very thin sides should
the smallest size being preferable to the and labour a re required in its construction, become rammed inwards or outwards by the
larger ones. Whatever sort are used, how- and that there is nothing about it to justify moulder, plane up a temporary bridge of
ever, great care should be taken that they its introduction under some high sounding wood to just fit between the sides. This
keep the lid close down t o the box. As a name, will ask why the subject has been will preserve their parallelism, and when the
matter of fact, however, it is seldom neces- brought under consideration at all. I trustil sand is rammed sufficiently around the sides
~ary to open the lid, as anything to be put however that in this case the result wi the moulder will remove it, and complete the
1 n or taken out of the box can easily be justify the means, for it has been described work without risk of ~etting the sides away
rn.'!Sed through one or other of the sleeves. m the hope t hat it may be as useful to from their correct positions. .
When the box has been stained black inside cyclists and others as it wa.s to the writer In Fig; 2 a common wood screw is cast
it is ready for use, but, of course, the ap- when he was one of "the sixteen" ; for in the metal boss, B t to receive the circular
pearl!-nc_e 18 much i~proved by staining and though, as a lready stated, no longer a. riderl wooden boss, o, which is struck with the
vamtalnng the outinde. not the days "o' lang syne" nor "the a.ul<1 , hammer in order to release the iron. The
"I;he way of using the box may be ex- acquaintance" are forgotten. pattern of the arched 1lever, D, Fig. 3, will
plamed aa follows :-It is placed with the be cut fro~.-, hit of hard close-grained wood,
head al~ve upwa.rds1 the lid, containing the So " here's a hand mr
trusty !rien',
.And gle's a lJand o' thme, also1il(e ita ~ing. :A pattern is ~so m~de
ruby WUldow, away trom the operator. The F or a uld lo.ng syne." for the screw, E, whose liead is milled in tha
l
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com
-
244 A BLOCK PLANE A ND P LANE WITH L EVER A D'JUSTi~fENT. [Wotk-July G, lSS!>.
lathe. If made in gun metal the screw and very carefully and regularly.
head may be in one piece; if formed in 'l'hey number about five or ;a a I
were corr ect all cabi net mak ers would be stuf f will do equa lly well. Wh atever the exte ndin g near
deli ghte d with the information, but, un- thickness a groove mus t be ploughed alon a guide, on oppo ly to the back. Aga inst this
fortu nately, it is not more reliable than a the inne r sides of the runn ers, and continue~ lid bearers and s1te sides of course, both the
aood man y more opinions of the sam e type. in the sam e line along the back edge of the any side shak the draw er will slide, and
5ne who knows anyt hing abou t the subj ect bearers. Fig. 10 shows wha t is mea nt. vented. e in eith er of them be pre-
wou ld not be surp rised at the person mak ing The dmw ing is given in section, A being quir ed betw A simi lar guid e will also be re-
such a reruatk asking why a mahogany slab, the runn er or bearer, as the case may be, addi tion of aeen the two drawers, with the
6 ft. wide, could not be mad e with out a and B the thin boar d. I t will read ily be for slide on whic h they may run,
join. I would just like to ask thos e who seon that on the thin boar d bein g push ed thanitthe will be seen that the boar d is lowe1
fron t rail, and ther e is noth ing on
have such grea t faith in old work and hom e into this groove, the runn ers are whic h
thor ough seasoning, how it happ ened that firmly held agai nst the ends with out ri:'!k of Now, ther the inne r ends of the draw ers can rest,
one of the ends of the old bureau, which shifting, and that a very slig ht faste ning is part , but e are several ways of fitting this
we u.re taki ng thes e ideas from, split from necessary. When finally putt ing all the part s follow one can hard ly do bett er than
top to bottom, so latel y as a couple of years toge ther the dust boards may be fast ened to that adop ted in the old bureau.
ago. It coul d not be because the wood was the be:1rers with glue, but not to the draw er enou Firs t of all a piece some 2 in. wide, wide
unseasoned, so the expl anat ion mus t be slides, in the grooves of whic h they are free be mad gh to let the draw ers rest on it, mus t
soug ht elsewhere. It is simp ly this. The to ex pand or cont ract with out spli tting. It the dust e just so thic k that , whe n it is on
bure au had been, for some time preYiously, is not mea nt that they shou ld be loose, for boar d, its uppe r surface will be
in a cold, dam p place, which had swelled unless they are immoderatel y tigh t, any flush with that of the bear er. Another
the wood. It was removed to a room con- reasonnble degree of close fittin g will not piece, the coun terp art of thos e sepa ratin g
tinu ally warm and dry. The wood cons e- wak e them split. These boards, it may be the lid bearers from the drawers, will also
quen tly cont ract ed and cracked, the imme- state d, need not run to with in a few inches preY be requ ired to keep the drawers apar t, and
diat e cause of the crac k being a piece of of the bnck, but it mak es a bett er job for ent them from bein g stra ined towards
wood fixed across improperly, and so pre- them to go fairly close, and the su.me appl ies each othe r. Nowh bear ing in min d wha t
vent ing equa l contraction. was said abou t t e play of wood, it will
to the runners. To save unnecess ary labo ur be quit e clear that it will not do to glue
I have been indu ced to dwe ll at som e in plan ing over the whole surf ace of some- cent the
leng th on this, because it is rath er an wha t thic k but otherwis e suit able boar d to re runn er to the dust boar d, so that
imp orta nt lesso n t o be lear ned from our mak e it fit in any given groove that it may some mea us mus t b e used which, while
old bureau. Hav ing noted it, the firin g of be mos t con-renient to plough, the ed~e sufficiently efficacious in keeping the con-
the runn ers may be proceeded with in the m~ be plan ed to a bevel as show n in l'..,ig.only stru ction securely toge ther take s into ac-
11. coun t the prop ertie s of the mat erial of
grea ter confidence of increased knowledge, In anot her resp ect besides this meth od which it is formed. WelL we have all
and as the sam e principle applies in all is adv antageous. The boar d need not be that
simi lar construction, acqu aint ance with it so exac tly cut to leng th, for the bevel-shaped is desi red in the m etho d now I?roposed.
will prev ent man y errors. Perh aps it may edge acts as a wedae, and if at all Cut a tenon on one end of the piece that
ere this have dawneci on the read er that the fitted t ends to keep the slide s firmly pres fatrl y is to rest on the runn er, and a correspond-
sed
inte ntion of this article is not sole ly to teac h agai nst the ends. We have only to follow ing mor tise in the back of the upright
how a bure au may be ~nad e, but t hat useful out the reasons why the dust boar ds are divi sion (the centre one), so that whe n the
lessons in join ery may be gath ered from it. useful, so far as keep ing the slide join t is com plete, ther e shal l be just the
The same prin ciples are foun d in all good posi tion is concerned, to see that inste ad s in thickness of the runn er betw een the dust
woodwork, and those t hat are corr ect in one nails driv en in as previously suggeste of boar d and the piece whic h is teno ned. Glue
piece of furn iture are equa lly so in others. narr ow strip, say, some 2 or 3 in. d, a or nail the runn er to this piece, put the
Deta ils may, and must, vary, but the rules driv en into the runn ers at the back wide, teno n in the mortise, but not quit e up to
of cons truc tion do not. Why do I say this 1 wou ld answ er every purp ose. Now only the shou lder, and then near the back run
Sim ply to help the ama teur to devise and plan e called a " plough," used to cut groo , the a brad thro ugh the runn er into the board
cons truc t for himself with out bein g obliged of this kind , very likely is not foun d ves below it and we have all that is necessar y.
mer ely to copy or to follow min ute instruc- possession of the worker, and thou~h in the This , thou gh possibly not the most common
tions, givi ng him every deta il of wha t to do dou bted ly a most usef ul tool, it may oe un- way, is thor oug hly good ; and it has the
with out reas ons. In short, the desire is that pensed with in the pres ent case dis- grea t merit, especially to the ama teur, of
this articleh::k
wor ker to t
by those being very simple,
be educational, leadin& the who don' t care to get 1t. The cutt ina gauge, have said, that take nbesi
for himself, not simp ly to with a little man ipul atio n, will cut the sides bure
des which, it is, as I
by the maker of the old
" cram " him. Eve n shou ld he not be de- of the grooves, and the was te wood betw au. Proc eedi ng from the top row of
sirous of making, it will, at leas t, give him them may be removed by a small chis een draw ers to the bott om one, it will be seen
som e ideas how to recognise and appr ecia te is asto nish ing wha t may be done el. I t that draw er runn ers or slides mus t b e fitted
sound, relia ble work, .and to disti ngui sh of simp le t ools used with d exte rity, by the aid ther e at the ends, for the fron t bear er is
betw een that whi ch is false and that whi ch imp rove men ts may be very conv enie !for thou gh high er than the bott om boar d. Of course,
is correct. I spea k now only of construc- no means follows that they are nt, it by the slide s mus t be on a level with it, and
tive not of orna men tal deta ils, for as sound In the pres ent case the chisel necessary. it will suffice to faste n them with a touch
cons truc tion is, or oug ht to be, the primary gard ed as a plane 'vith out the woo may be re- of glue in fron t and a brad behi nd. Stric tly
cons ideration, mer ely decorative effects whic h serv es to keep the blad den stock, spea king, this oug ht t o be thro ugh a slot
mus t be left for futu re consider ation. May tive position to the piece beine in one rela- cut leng thwi se in the runn ers, for similar
I h ere say that if I omi t to mak e any poin t the same time by not allowing g cut, and at reasons to those alre ady given whe n speak-
of imp orta nce clear to novices, I shal l be thin shav ing to be rem o>ed at mor e than a ing of the prop ertie s of wood ; but prac ti-
most happ y to do wha t I can to r ectify the vent s any tear ing up. Bea ring a time pre- cally the brad driv en in t owa rds the back
defe ct l:iy answ erin g ques tion s whic h the it will be seen that the this in min d is gene rally foun d sufficient, and it is no
Edi tor may see fit to inse rt in " Shop." prop er way to hold use increasm g labo ur for the sake of theory.
the chisel is with the bevel unde rnea th,
The fact that woo d does not shri nk in and to be care ful not to dig it too
leng th is take n adva ntag e of in fixincr the the wood. Whe n the wor k far into
is fi tted up GOLD AND SIL VER ASSAYS, ETC.
thin pieces, sometimes t echnically kno~n as at this stage it will .
"du st boar ds," in such a way that they hold bear ers aro put in that thou ghbe note d if the lid BY GEOR GE EDW INSO N BONNEY.
the draw er slides firmly in thei r places. back ward s and forwards they slide
These boar ds are sometimes omi tted between vent ed from later al moveme , they are only pre- GOLD AND SILVER AssAYS IN DRY WAY -ASSAYS
drawers, and in t hat case the only way to of each, by t he ends. nts, on one side OF !IIETALS CONT AININ G SILV ER-A TOU S-
fix the slides is to run a nail on the slan t divi sion separating The small upri ght .A.TOW O WEIG HTS- T ABLE OF ATOH IO WEIGHTS.
tbrot!gh. t~eir ends into the mai n piece, nex t it is tho only thin each from the draw er IN concludin~ my last pape r on mat ters of
and 1t IS Just as well to adop t this .plan being spri ngy or strai nedg to prev ent them inte rest and unp orta nce to electro-platers, "'-
inwards~ and this I intim ated that it was imp ossib le for me
even with dust boards. This still allows is hard ly suffi
a. cert ain amount of play in the end pieces, divisions have been cien t, unless, inae ed, the to com plet e in j)ag e 202 the subj ect of .A$say-
limi ted . in exte nt, but genera.lly enough. named. Inst ead ofmad e muc h wider than ing on which I had entered. l: now resume
mak ing this und uly my notes on this process.
If the nails were driv en stra ight thro ugh wide, anot her plan will
at freq uent inte rval s the desired obje ct bett er and it is be foun d t o answ er Gold and Silver A ssay& in the dry way
would be nullified. In the specificat ion each division, andthis. Imm edia tely behi nd are mor e difficult, and they requ ire the
of exac tly the sam e thic k- use of a muffie furnace. Those manu-
. thes e dust boards are given as t in. thic k, ness, fix down with glue or screws t o the fact ured. by Thomas Flet cher , of Warrin~
but this thic kness is by no mea ns im- runn er a piece of woo
port ant, for if mor e easily obta ined t-in. port ant, but tin. or 1 in. d- wid th not im- .t on, ,pve ever y satis facti on. The sam ple
will do very well- is weighed a.s for a gold assay, and the
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com
Wotk-July 6, 1889.] SOME RUSTIC CARPENTRY.
copper or other alloy is extracted from the weights is represented by that of the com- style really suitable for garden purposes.
gold and silver by cupellation in the muftie bining weights of the elements ; thus the Our sense of good taste points out that in
furnace. The weighed sample is wrapped atom of oxygen is taken to be sixteen times our gardens all things ought to be in har-
in t welve times its weight of pure lead as ~eavy as the atom of hydrogen, and the mony with and suggestive of nature. Glass,
foil, and placed on a boneash cupel in the we1ghts of the atoms of nitrogen and oxy- metal, paint, which are shf.gestive only of
furnace. Here it is first melted with the gen as fourteen to sixteen." (Roscoe.) This the shop and of artificial e, we feel to be
pure lead, and then the molten lead is oxi- law of combining weiahts was first enun- out of place. Anything of the nature of
dised by admitting air t o the muffle. The ciated by a chemist ;;amed J ohn Dalton, o. greenhouse-whatever efforts may be made
boneash of the cu_pel absorbs the liquid lead who further based on this law the conclusion to render it ornamental-never appears to a
oxide, and with 1t the oxides of any oxi- that chemical compounds must contain their cultivated eye as otherwise than ugly; whilst
disable metals present in the sample, leaving con~tituent~ in the combining proportions, the rustic summer-house, with its wooden
on the cupel a bead of pure gold and silver. or lll mult1ples of them, and. in no inter- walls covered with natural bark, its low roof
This bead is first weighed to ascertain how m.ediate .prop?rtion. . For example-g;old of thatch, and its decorations of moss and
much of the combined metals it contains, w1ll cornbme w1th chlonne as a monochlonde fir cones, gives unmixed satisfaction. And ..
then the silver and gold is parted in acid as that is, one equivalent of gold (196'2 atoms) t his style, whilst the most desirable in which
for a gold assay, and the pure gold remain- added to one equivalent of chlorine (35'37 to work, is at the same time the least costly
ing is accurately weighed. By deducting atoms) making a molecule of the molecular and the most simple.
the weight of gold from the weight of the weight of 231'39 atoms. It will also com- In the course of these papers I hope to
bead left on the cupel.,. the weight of silver bine with chlorine as a terchloride, consist- do some service to my fellow-workers by
is ascertained, and tne sum total of gold ing of one equivalent of gold (1962 atoms) pointing out, so far as I can, what is good
and silver, deducted from the weight of to three equivalents of chlorine (35'37 x 3= taste in garden decorations of this class ; by
the sample, will show the remainder to be 106'11 atoms), making a molecule of the supplying designs, or what may furnish hints
copper or some oxidisable alloy. Boneash molecular weight 302'13 atoms. But gold to them in designing, and by giving some
cupels are small cups or crucibles made of does not combine with any other proportion little practical information with reard to
boneash damped and compressed to the of chlorine. mater1al and construction. I shall hope
requisite form and consistence in a steel Atomic Weights.-The following table of before I finish to deal with a variety of
mould, then dried and baked. Silver assays the atomic or combining weights of the summer-houses, seats, fences, and similar
in a dry way are performed in a similar more common and useful elements will show matters.
manner by cupellation in a muffle furnace. at a glance their value. There is scarcely any kind of wood which
A small portion of the silver of a sample is may come to hand in a natural state which
carried over with the oxidised metals on the TABLE OF ATOMIC W E IGHTS . is not available for rustic work, though some
cupel, and is lost. The ratio of this loss i..o; N ame. Symbol. A to111ic: Sy>ubol. .d tomic sorts lend themselves t o our purpose more
ascertained by placing a check sample made Aluminium Al.
ll'dglll.
2i'3. L ead .. . Pb. 201)'4.
lreiuht. readily than others. I n most country dis-
up with a known weight of silver and Antin1ony.. Sb. l 'NQ. Lithium . .. Li.
~- 7'01. tricts one has generally a wide choice of
copper on:a cupel in the furnace with the Arsenic . . As. uo. Magnesium l\1g. 23!H. materials, and not much more than a fire-
samples to be assayed. As the' silver in this Barium . . . Ba. 1;i8. Manganese. Mn. M8. wood price to pay for them ; some little
B ismuth . BL :noo. I Mercury. . . H~. 199'8.
sample is accurately weighed both before Boron ... . B. no. i Nickel .. Nt. 58'6. trouble has, however, to be taken to look
and after the process, the difference between Bromine. Br. 79'75. ! Nitrogen . N. 14.01. out for and to secure them, as they are not
Cadmium . Cd. 111'6. I' Osmium . . o~. 198'6.
these must represent the loss of silver during Calcium ... Ca. 39'9. Oxygen ... 0. 15'96. like sawn deals, always to be found in stock
cupellation, not only (on this but also the Carbon . C. 11'97. : Palladium . Pd. 106'2. at the timber yard, and bought at any time
other samples cupelled with it. Chlorine .. Cl. 35'37. 1 Phosphorus P . 30'96. they ma.y be wanted.
Chromium . Cr. 52'-!. Platinum .. Pt. 196'7.
.Ass.ays. or .Analysis of metals known to Cobalt . . . Co. 586. Potu.ssium . K. 39'0t. The example of rustic work shown in
contam silver may be performed in the wet Copper .. Cu. 630. Sil ver . . . . .Ag. 107'GG. Fig. 11 will look and be best if constructed
Fluorine .. F. 19'1. Silicon .. Si. 280.
way. A weighed sample, as in other assays, Gold . . . . . Au. 196'!?. I Sodium . . Na. 2'2 99. in larch only. Of all our common English
is first dissolved in dilute nitric acid, and Hydrogen. . H. 1'0. I Sulphur . S. 3198. woods this may be said to be most valuable for
the solution thus obtained is evaporated I odine .. . . I. 19'"53
...u jI 'I'.tn . . . . . . 'f n. 117'8 . rustic purposes. I ts straight growth specially
until all the free acid has been driven off. Iridium . . Ir. Ulf/. I r~mgstcn . w. lis-t o. fits it for the carrying out of decorative de-
Iron .. Fe. 5o9. Zlllc . . . . Zn. ().!g.
The residue is then dissolved in distilled signs; it is enduring, lasting longer in exposed
water in a large beaker, and to this is added Some of the rare elements are omitted situations than any other ordinary wood-
a solution of common salt as long as a pre- from this table, but may be found in heart of oak only excepted-and wearing,
cipitate is formed. When this ceases, the Roscoe's text-book of chemistry. In cal- perhaps, ten times longer than those por-
quantity of salt solution used is accurately culating the combining weights of elements, tions of the oak which are available for gar-
noted, and as this solution is mad'e up of it is usual to take round numbers instead den purposes; and it is plentiful, for larch
a known weight of salt in a. known quantity of the exact decimals, thus :-Silver, 108; plantations now abound in most districts,
of wat er, the ex!l-ct weight of salt used to gold, 191), etc. For further information, see and when they are thinned the rustic car-
precipitate all the silver in a sample can be notes on Contbining Weigl~ts, Equivalents, )enter should look out for his supply. The
ascertained to a. nicety. Knowing that the Molecular WeigMs, Valency, etc. etc. l
arch poles grown in thick plantations are
better for our purposes than such as grow
chlorine in a. salt solution combines with
silver in the proportion of 35'37 parts of singly, they taper more gradually and have
chlorine to 107'66 parts of silver, we can SOME RUSTIC CARPENTRY. fewer branches. The larcli is a most accommo-
easily calculate the weight of silver in a. BY .A.RTH UR YORKE.
dating tree, flourishing, apparently, almost as
givensa.mple of an alloy. This would seem well in an old stone quarry or a disused clay
to be a perfect method of assaying samples pit as in the richest of soils, so it is no wonder
RUSTIC CARPENTRY SPECIALLY FI'l'TRD FOR GAR \
of silver alloys, but there are sources of loss DEN PURPOS ES - WOODS SUITED TO R USTIC
that it is largely planted. The wood of
and probable errors in this as in others. It 'W ORK-LARCH-A R USTIC GARDEN EN'rRANC.E spruce and other firs which have the same
i~ not easy to ascertain exactly when enough -OAK FOR GARDEN CARPENTRY-T HREE A D- symmetrical growth may do almost as well
salt solution has been used, even when DITIONAL DESIGNS FOR RUSTIC FENCES - A for our work as regards appearance, but
clropJ?ed from a burette. The addition of a. SECOND GARDEN ARCH ON Two PILLARS they do not last like the larch.
ONLY. There are many modest gardens to which
solut10n of common salt (chloride of sodium)
to a solution of nitrate of silver throws THERE are few of those who have gardens a. fence and wicket entrance, like that shown
down the silver as a chloride, a nd leaves and who work in them who do not more or in Fi~. 11, might be found pleasing and ap-
ni~ra~ of sodium. to form in the liquid, and less dabble in some sort of garden carpentry. propnate ; and it would be cheap even
1lus 1s able to d1ssolve some of the silver Unlikeindoorwork it demands no nice skill though a professed car:Q_enter had to be en-
chloride, thus causing an unascertainable and no varied assortment of tools. Car- gaged to construct it. But it is a point in
loss. The presence of silver in the super- pentry for the garden is everybody's work, favour of my r ustic design that the owner,
natant liqu1d can always be ascertained by whence it may reasonably be inferred that if he can use a. saw and a. hammer, and likes
adding to it a. drop of a. solution of chromate what I have to say about it, by pen and such amusement, can just as well put it up
of potassium, when if any silver be present pencil, will have everrbody's attentlOn. for himself. Rustic work looks none the
it is thrown down in the form of a. blood- The description o carpentry of which I worse because the workmanship may be
red precipitate of silver chromate. shall have more especially to speak is that rough ; and I flatter myself that no great
.Atom~.-" Matter is made up of small in- known as rustic work ; that, namely, which know ledge will be needed to understand my
divisible portions which are called atoma. uses its materials in a natural state, and in designs. I have done my best to make them
Theae atoms do not all possess the same that state endeavours to make them deco- simple, and p~se to_giveful~ explanations.
weipta, but the relation between their rative. For this, as I take it, is the . only The general -view, Jflg. 11, 18 as nearly as
- ..
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com I
So~riE R usTIC CARPE NTRY. [Work-Ju ly 6, 1889.
may be drawn to a scale of ! in. to the tenons are sawn so as to make them fit best
foot the details shown in Figs. 4, 9, 3 are, to the rounded wood. But if this work is
for the sake of clearness, on a. larger scale, taken in hand by any non-professional, who
t in. to the foot, so that the exact dimen- does not feel himself equal to makin~ mor-
sions of every part ma.y be easily ascertain ed. tises, he may make a joining, which will
The a rch rises to a total height of 6 ft. 8 in. ; neither be quite so strong nor quite so well
its width from centre to centre of the side looking, by cutting each ~ ece somethin g in
pillars is 3 ft. 6 in. The pillars, exclusive of the manner indicated in Fig. 2, and d riving
t enons at their tops, show a height above a nail.
ground of 5 ft., but a nother 2 ft. is supposed I n F ig. 3 that side of the gate is shown
to be buried in the ground where it is to which the upright palings are nailed, but
rammed in with stones and earth like a gate it should be noted that on the opposite side
post. The builder will, of course, set them the dia9onal pieces, A and n, must not be
upright by a plummet, and if he takes otr made or short lengths merely goinrr from
the oark from those parts which go into the bar to bar, but must be in one length from
gas tar, he will fi nd them last longer.
I
ground, and ~ives them a good coating of t op to bottom ; they arc not for ornamen t
only, but act as braces, and are necessary to
Rustic work, in a general way, is merely giYe the gate its required strength. :
nailed together, but in the design before us In the example offencing shown in F ig. 11,
t he pillars are supposed to be mortised into
the pieces which rest on their tops, the bars
of the gate into the head and hinge tree,
and the rails of the fence into the fencing
posts. Fig. I shows how the shoulders of
Fig. 2.-Rail and Post cut to Nail. Fig. 3.-Rustic Gate. Fig. 4. -Side o! Arch.
(Scnlc, : in. to 1 ft.) (Scale, f in. to 1 tt.)
favo ur is, ho'" ever , that they are chea p; for 1 perp endi cula r if d epri ved of thes e supp orts. thus mad e are conn ecte d by trell is wor k of
een ~hell_).
!f not used for rustic work , thei r only value , T his arch in its u pver p;ut is, it will be ob- wire w~ich fills the inte rval betw ythm g 1s
JS for firewood. serv ed, stro ngly tted toge ther by the bra.ces, In a trun town garden whe re ever
with line
Our ~arch fenc e will outlast two or three c, G. This arch is on the sam e scale as prim and rectangul ar, and laid out erre d as
succe~1ve ones of oak bang les; as a safe - F ig. 11 (tin. to foot). It is the sam e wid th and rule, the iron arch may be pref
a s the one ther e give n, and 7 ft. 6 in. high . a supp ort for the roses or othe r clim bing
guar d 1t can be mad e mor e secm e, and in top.
appearan ce it will be mor e artis tic. The In Fig. 11, ever y port ion of the arch, with plan ts that are train ed to its side s and le
the very trifl ing exce ptio n of the appl e-tre e In the coun try gard en, h owe ver, the rust
arra ngem ent of the stuf f in orna men tal pat- arch will be mor e in keep ing with the
t erns. may be vari ed almm~t endl essly. surr ound ings, and harm onis e m ore
In !gs. 7, 8, and 10, three addi tion al effec tivel y with the masses of old-
d esig ns are give n (on the t-in . scale), fash ione d flow er s, long esta blish ed
and these will d oub tless sugg est still favo urite s, that h ave not yet been
mor~ vari eties t o the inge niou s read er. sent into exil e to mak e room for the
Fig. 6 is a seco nd design for an cont raste d colours of mod ern gard en-
arch, whic h may, if pref erred, be mad e ing, in whic h frag ranc e inva riab ly gives
to take t he plac e of that in Fig. 11 pla?e .to brill~ancy. Wit h thes e few
at ~n e?tr~nce . The two J?illars, by plam m stru chon s a plea sant emp loy-
whiCh 1t 1s supp orte d, mtgh t well men t is intro duce d to those of our
carr y such a gate as that in the last- read ers who enjoy gard en woo dwo rk.
nam ed diag ra m, as any extr a strai n
J OINTING UP- FOR " 'PREXTICE bein g .Perfectly_ flat there is an ang le concerning: ourselves with
,joints, not with
HANDS." at the JOint. Ver y slig ht if you like, out planes, so 1t mus t be ta.ken for gran ted that
BY DA.YID A.DAMSON. quit e perc epti ble if a straight edg e be laid the ordi nary forms of this
tool are fam iliar
acw ss. to the worker, if only by name. And here
Now let us turn to the othe r piec e whi ch plea se note _that the
PLA IN GLU ED JoiNTS. hn.s bee n join ted. But stop, you say ; for and the trym g plane,ordi nary "Ja ck" plan e
thou gh very sim ilar in
A.N YTm NG new 1 perh aps you may ask on has it bee n join ted, or is it not one sing
le appea.rance, can not be used indi scri min atel y
read ing the heading, and I hav e plea sure in piece~ No line is disc erni ble any whe re, but in prep
at once telli ng you -No . So, ther efor e, let us look closely and we shal l find tha t the arin g edges of boa rds for join ting
nor can the smo othi ng plan e be used s~
goo d peo~le who kno w a ll abo ut it, you r grain of the wood is stop ped sho rt off alon g efficient
valu able t1me nee d not be furt her take n up a cert ain ima.ginary line ; the figure seem s work. ly as the t ryin g plan e for the sam e
wit h the pres ent sub ject . I am add ressini5 abru ptly broken, not only on one side tha t a I may alm ost go the leng th of sayinrr
mys elf to novices, and not to exp erts . 1 of this line, but on both . Tha t is all; long join t cou ld not be mad e perfectly
can teac h the form er something, perhaps~ ther e is noth ing mor e to indi cate a join t, with a smo othi ng plane. Thi s s.tat eme nt
oug ht, perh aps, to be qualified a littl e, for I
but not the latt er just now ; and if. any ot and as the surf ace stan ds, as with such a am awa
thes e sho uld grud ge the spac e g1ven to ~ood-I had alm ost wri tten invisible- joint re tha t som e wor kmen can join t up
thos e who are, as it were, just feeling thei r 1t is alm ost sure to, the test of the stra ight - with the smo othi ng plan e jus t as som e y er-
way, will they, the said exp erts , kind ly edge, it may be rega rded as being an exa ct son s can wri te with the left han d, but 1t is
rem emb er thei r own earl y days, and be and perf ect fit. not usu ally done. No ; the tryi ng plan e is
generou s to thos e who do not eve n kno w the pro per one to use. I t cuts tiner than
W1th suc h nice ty and exactnes~~ in- the "Ja ck, " and its grea ter
how to join two boa rds toge ther 1 dee d, can an exp ert join er or cao inet an a.dvantage ove r the smo leng th gives it
Now , of course, as far as mer e join ing mak er wor k, tha t with som e woods the othi ng plan e in
goes, boa rds may be join ed toge ther in join t is only to be recognised by noti cing plan ina up a stra ight edge.
man y ways, the sim ples t being, perh aps, by the figure. Tru e, a.n ama teur craf tsm an W elf. with the long plan e kno wn as the
layi ng one on top of the othe r and nail ing can har dly exp ect to reac h this stan dard , tryi ng plan e the edges of the boa rd whi ch
them toge ther . This met hod is seldom, if but the nov ice will kno w wha t his aim are to be glue d mus t be got perfectly stra ight .
ever, requ ired , and i( the novice sho uld eve r sho uld be, and by a. littl e atte ntio Get one of them so first, as it will serv e us
hav e occasion to use it, the man ipul atio n the met hod of wor king he will be n to a test for the othe r. Wh ether it is perf ectl y
mus t be left to his. nati ve inge nuit y. Not bett er pos itio n to mak e a goo d join t in a straigh t or not can easily be asce rtai ned bv
to mak e a long prea mbl e and run thro ugh the man who goes abo ut it any how . than cast ing the eye alon g it, as one does whei1
L
all the join ts used in wood wor king , or us take the plai n glue d join t first of et look ing alon g a gun barrel. Irre gula ri-
from the mul tipl icit y of them , as it is com- and whe n this is con side red go on to all, ties can easily be dete cted in the leng th
mon ly cn.lled ' join ery, " let me say tha t I stro nge r and mor e serv icea ble dow elled join the of the cut, and in redu cing any rem emb er
purp ose confining mys elf to atta chin g boa rds o.s wel l as tha t form ed by plou ghin g t, tha t a fine shav ing or two will mak e all the
by thei r edges so as to obta in any requ ired t ongueing. and difference. Wh ethe r the edge is at righ t
wid th. angles with the surf aces of the wood cannot,
The plai n join t is servicea.ble eno ugh for however, be dete rmi ned by
Thi s wor k is wha t is kno wn in man y thin wood, say for anythin~ und er half -inc this mea ns, and
plac es as "jo inti ng up." I say man y places thic k, and in cert ain situat10ns for h it mus t be test ed by the squ are. For shOit
because term s are ofte n only of loca.l use of any sub stan ce. Wh en prac tica ble, mat eria l leng ths the ordi nary sho otin g boa rd will be
and an exp ress ion tha t may be perf ectl y wei l -th at is, whe n the wood is thic how eve r fou nd inva luab le, but it can not be use d with
k eno ugh - long pieces. As long and sho rt are only
und erst ood in one dist rict , may convey no the nov ice will find it safe r not to dep end
mea ning in ano ther par t of the cou ntry. plai n glue d surf aces only . Wit h thm on com para tive , I oug ht, perh aps, to say that any-
Stil l, I thin k "joi ntin g up " is sufficiently however, he mus t do so, as ther e stuff, thin g ove r thre e feet may be considered long,
und ersto::>d to war rant its bein g used to for dowels. is no room but, of course, very muc h dep end s on the
express the kin d of join t whi ch is the sub - leng th of the sho otin g boa rd. In cab inet wor k
In any form wha teve r of "joi ntin g up" a boa rd six feet in leng th wou
ject of exp lana tion, and , for aug ht I kno w to the sam e genera.! prin cipl e of \vor ld be dec ided ly
the con trar y, it may be the gen eral term all be observed, so we will beg in at king mus t called a long one, and such only requ ire to
over Eng land . Be tha t as it may , I do not ning , rem emb erin g tha t the obje the begin- be used for side boa rd tops, war dro be ends,
ct is to get etc. etc.
thin k I hav e eve r kno wn a :pra ctic al cab inet one wid e board form ed by con nec ting
mak er who did not kno w wha t was mea nt or it may be only two pieces. L seve ral, \:nt en one piec e has bee n got ready with a
by it. et us sup - perf ectl y strai~ht edge, the othe r may be
pose the plan ks are quit e in the rough. 'fhe prep ared to fit 1t, and the two
Pos sibl y som e- only those, however, first idea tha t occurs to the tyro sho uld be trie d
who hav e nev er trie d it- may fancy tha t bab ly be the nec essi ty of s"m will pro- toge ther befo re g luin g them . Wit h sho rt
any one can glue two_boa rds toge ther , and of the edges so tha t they oothing two join ts both edges sho uld be perf ectl y stra ight
may come in close and level. To try them fix one in the ben ch
that dire ctio ns may be superfluous. The re con tact with each other .
scre w with the prep ared
can be few who are not phy sica lly capa.ble But her e occu rs the que stio n- are the then take the othe r and edg e upp erm ost,
of "joi ntin g up," but the nov ice will find edg es to be plan ed, or are note if it fits
tha t he has a goo d dea l to lear n befo re he got nice and smo oth first the boa rds to be closely. If the boa rds are fai rly thic k it will
can do so sati sfac tori ly, that is to say, sati s- pos itio n as inst ruct or for the 1 Ass uming my not requ ire muc h exp erie nce to kno w by the
fact oril y to thos e who are able to dist ingu ish som e of my read ers may favo ur novice (I hop e feel whe ther the join t is a goo d one or,
betw een goo d and bad wor kma nsh ip. So the posi tion as far as any craf t they by reve rsin g rath er, whe ther both edg es are true. The
far as a few gen eral dire ctio ns can do so, I nec ted with is concerned), let me a re con- feel of prop erly wor ked edges whe n rub bed
hop e his difficulties may be dim inis hed . this mus t dep end on circ ums say tha t aga inst each othe r is not easy to exp lain in
Ver bal inst ruct ion is, however, only of use board!; whe n join ed will tanc es. If the words, but it alm ost may be describ ed as
to indicate to him how he sho uld proceed, cum bers ome to smo oth, then be too wid e and suct ion. It is almost imp erce ptib le but is
and it stan ds to r easo n if not prac tica lly they are join ed; but if the do so befo re to be dist inct ly recognised by trai ned han ds.
app lied will be usel ess. It can not give the be grea.t, say not ove r two wid th will not Thi s is allu ded to, not so much bec ause the
man ual dex teri ty, and this is not to be bett er to plan e them whe feet, it will be novice can be exp ecte d to do suc h accu rate
acq uire d with out care. n they are to- wor k, as to sho w thos e who hav e no opp or-
geth er. . tun ity of seei ng goo d cab inet wor k .in pro-
Jus t to show clearly and dist inct ly wha t Sho uld the boa
a perf ect join t is, or let me say rather, a they may be gonrds sele cted be very rou~h, .gress wha t thei r aim s sho uld be. W e are
e over befo reha nd w1th alm ost all mor e or less fam iliar with the
perfectl y fitte d join t, let us com pare two of the "Ja ck" plan e
a. differen t qua lity . In one we see the line fair wor king order. just to get them into app eara nce of thin gs whe n mad e up, but
of the j oint quit e easily. The re is no mis- necessary, and whe therThi s, how eve r, is not com para tive ly few hav e an op.Portu nity of
taki ng it for mos t of its leng th. The re is a safe ly be left to the to do so or not may seei ng work in progress, and I Wish to convey
dar k line, thic ker in some plac es than in It will also be seen disc reti on of the wor ker. to thos e who hav e not, as far as may be .
others, from end to end of the j oin. In given will in ord inar tha t wid ths of ove r tha t som e idea of the actu al man ipul atio n ol
som e places it is inte rrup ted eve ry here be requ ired , so it mayy cab inet wor k seldom mat eria l as practise d in the worksh-op.
and ther e for an inch or two , or, perh aps, defi nite rule tha t alm ost be take n as a N o.turally, it will be a very fain t reflex of
eve n mor e; all the glue seem s to hav e bee n afte r it has bee n joinwoo d is smo othe d over the actu al, but at the sam e tim e it will be
ed. bett er than noth ing, and if the deta ils seem
pres sed <?~t. The se plac es whe re ~he g!ue The "Ja ck" plane has
18 not VlSlble are the only- one s at wht ch I sup pos e tha t eve n but bee few
n refe rred to, and tedi ous rem emb er tha t in real ity the wor k
1
the j oint is thor oug h. Fur ther , on ex- men will nee d to be told tha t inte ndin g wor k- is muc n mor e so. Her e, however, I mus t
ami mng the boa rd, we find tha t inst ead of plan ing is don e ; but , in with it the coa rser pau se, and leav e furt her rem arks on this
o.ny case, we are sub ject for ano ther pap er
OUR GUIDE TO GOOD THIXGS. Fig. 3, in which the flap in the interior is shown the same shape out near its odge. To this is
' open, as well ns the nont. 'When the storing, attached another piece on which the frame itself
1 changing, or closing has been effected, the flap slides. 'fhe frames are l'llllde in many various
60.-THB CARTOOY CoLLECTOR's Fn..u1E. and front are cloSf\d and the frame pushed up- sizes, to take pictures from royal quarto (ll! in.
IT is a relief to turn for a time from the consider- wart! into its place. Its appearanc e when re- X 9in.) to atlas (33in. X 26iin.), selling respec-
ation of lathes and appliances of a more solid versed or transposed from a horizontal to a ver- tively at from 7s. 6d. to 1 17s. 6d. when sup-
character to articles that have the charm of tical position and closed is shown in Fig. 2; plied in oak.
absolute novelty, or, at all events, 61.-THB ARTIST's "SuRPms B"
newness of adaptation , such as those Box-TADLE.
which I am now permitted to illus-
trate and describe, and which are This ingenious invention enables
manufactu red and supplied by the what is apparently nothing more
"Surprise " Box-Table Company, 3, than a simple box or case with a
Xew Inn Yard {186 A), Tottenham handle for transporta tion from place
Court Road, London, \V. Although to place, and a surroundin g cincture,
the first of these is not yet in the to be turned with very little trouble
market, or. at least, was not in the and very quickly into a table clis-
market when the inventor furnished playing every convenien ce for artists'
me with particulars about it, and the work, as shown in Fig. 4. The
second, in its various forms, or, as h eight of the table when opened out
suited to various purposes, has barely for use is 27 in. ; its size, when closet.l
touched it, and is as yet but little up, that is to Blly, when in its uox
known, it is desirable, I think, to Flg. 1. form as shown at c, in Fig. 4, is 14!!
call attention to them thus early that in. X 11 t in. X 4i in. , anJ its tot.'ll
retail dealers, many of whom read J:'ig 2 w eight is 8 lbs. The artist's table
\VoJtK, may 11eize the opportunit y of - is supplied at present in two form11
mnking arrnngeme nts for ngencies for their snle, -No. 1 and No. 2. The former costs 2 10s ..
and that, if the inventor grants licences !or thoir made in oak, walnut, or mahogany , or 2 15s. if
manufactu re, makers of such goods may hasten poliehed. The httter is supplied with three trays
to secure the right of manufactu re in their respec- for pastels, and fold-over flaps for table, and is
tive localities, for, unless I am ,ery much mis- supplied at 3. Waterproo f bags to contain the
t.'lken, both the one and the other will meet with box-table when in transit are to be purcbnsetl
Fig. 3. at 3s. each. ~o more complete or portable
a large and r eady sale.
The object of the" Cartoon Collector's Frame," appru:atus can be imagined for the use of attists.
to use the words of the inventor, "is to provide a It may be bought in other sizes than that given
picture frame with a r ecess at the back, in which abova at propot-tion ate prices, and the principle
prints, etchings, drawings, etc., may be stored, to is applied in the same manner to box-tables
enable those who use it to change at pleasure the for writing, match scoring, chess and other
print on view n ext the glass, and to store such games, luncheon, and for work-box and toilet
additions as may be made to the collection from purposes, storage being provided in every case for
time to time, affording thus a continual variety all n eces...c:ary articles in connection with the pur-
of pictorial effects in the decoration of a room or pose for which each box-table is made. Suppos-
other place." This is, of course, from the home ing the box-table to be closed, as at c, all that is
or collector's point of view, but profession al men, necessary to bring it to table form is to unbur:kle
in many cases, can turn the invention to good the strap, and, holding the box 1h-mly between
account, as it would enable a dealer to keep and the feet, to lift the upper portion evenly until the
clisplay some of his stock to the best possible legs of the trellis work shown in Fig. 4, at A and
advantage . ~oain, by its aid, any architect, Flg. 1.-The Cartoon Collector's Frame : open. 11, are drawn up to the stops. Then, lifting the
designer, or artist could collect and place his Fig. 2.-Ditto: tra.nspose d and closed. Fig. 3. catch, the cross bnrs at the bottom must be
drawings and sketches, one at a time, under glass - Ditto: open. turned towards the trellis feet till the catch
for inspection, and an advertiser could drops in the slot and holds. Lastly,
make good use of it to secure di- gently press the top down till all the
versity of treatment and varied ex- feet are tight up against the bars,
position for his notices. Moreover, by . when the table will be found perfectly
a simple arrangeme nt of me<:hanism rigid. To close the box, all that is
the frame can be lowered at plea- necessary is to release the check at
sure from its place on th&wal! and the bottom and press downwa.rds,
raised again to it, and even more when the table will shut up and re-
than this, the frame can be accom- sume its original box-like form. At
modated to the picture by transposin g A, the table, when opened, is seen as
it from a horizontal to a vertical from the nont, t},le top being lifted,
position or vice vetad at will. to form nn easel. At n, it is shown
Thus, in one and the same frame as seen from behind. Within the
prints may be framed, stored, nnd
changed, and the frome itself may be
-
.' ... box are the levers by which the parts
within are elevated or depressed.
lowered, raised, and transposed at These parts come ont of the lower
i
case, and consist of an upper portion
pleasure, and these various operations
can all be carried out quickly and forming table, material case, and
easily . When closed and in position, easel, and a tray \vith divisions for
the frame, whether in a horizontal colours, brushes, dippers, etc., and n
or ,ertical position, looks just like lower portion forming a truy for the
any ordinary picture frame, a.s all palette and support for brushes, etc.,
means of movement are in no way when painting. There is a rel'css
con.;picuous, but, by merely touching in the lid in which two millboards ,
a spring under the ce.n tre of the each 13f in. X l Of in., may be
frame, it slides downward , stopping carried, with means to keep them
. from t~ucbing. Tlie lid is adju~t
in its length . The front of the -~
frame, it- will be found, is secured able to any angle, and provid(jl
by a button, and wh~n this button
c with chock rests for sketching boattl.
ill turned the front will open and fall l'ig. t.-The Artist'e "Surprise " Box-Table in J:foaition for Use, abow1Dg The bottom is furnished with a spike
forwttrd in a slanting position, thus Front (A) a.nd Back (B), and Appearance when cloBed. . to hold to the ground. When closcu.
a!fordi~ fa.cilit) for a ohan~e of the a strap is passed r ound the centre, or
P.cture. m _front or for ad?mg to the contents. F ig. 3, in addition to a complete exposure of the a metal band with lock and key is used to keep
_fh111, IJ\ Ftg._ ~ .the frame 111 shown open, but in interior, also shows the means of transpositi on, all aecure. A camp stool may be carried with
1t. proper ~1twn, and a etl\y ie shown by which which is effected by holding the aide11 or endt of the box under the atrap to complete equipment ,
tne front 111 prevented from opening beyond a the frame between the hands, and m9ving them and if it be oooliderecl deei.rable to provide means
certain ex.tf:nt. The picture hehmd the glaae IMY laterally from left to right or right to left, of obtaining aha~ and ahelter_ as well as rest,
be suppolled to have fallen forward on and with the according to the position the picture may require. an umbrella IJl&Y be .dded which may be ~lar.ed
front, and Ulen we eee that behind it i1 another Tho picture cord is attached at its ends to a bar, under the B~Jap that nrrounde the box and hold!!
Aap, between which and the back picturee may be on which are two buttons, on which a piece of tho C:Z
etool in dDJ'&DCe until .releaaed to meet
TR:a EoiTOlt.
etored. Thia a ehowc more clearly, perhap.w, in ~emicircular form movee by means of a alot of the n of i&l O'WJler.
some patenta~cnt m ight take it in band even now, P e r Contr a.-C. G. 'V. (Rar11sburul writes:-
SHOP: on po.ymcnt of the necessary fees. At present it "Although Ollly a clerk.' with t\n earnest desire to
A CORNER FOR TIIOSE WHO 'VA~T TO TALK IT. is I presume, worth nothing to you. or. rather. ' spoil wood,' us described by one of your cor-
b;ingin~C in uothing: and if i t were possible to do r espondents in 'VonK, permit me to congratu-
. .4.Lt Commun.iMtiOIIS toi/L be ncknowlrdg((/, hut .Answers "0 I would rather dispose of it for a small sum late you, despite the ctilicism which. c \en ir
cannot be given to questio11s which (10 11ot ber o~ ~~~b
jects Ua,at fairly conw withit tile 8Ct1Jie oj tile Mgu :ine.
;;,nu rcconp even the original cost of the pl\tcnt justified, might have been mnde in a less higb-
Lhan IJCI'IIIIt it to be utterly wiprotlLublc. I darcstty hnndcd and less conceited sLyle than your cor-
it mar be object ionn.blo to you to adopt t his course, 1cspondent has don e. Probably if the truth were
I.- LETTERS FROM ConRESI"O!IIDE:- ;Ts. but nftet all it. is only 11 common-sense wuy of look- known he is not in the Jirst rnnk of his craft, and,
Securing a Pate nt: My Ex~erlence.-AJA.'I: in!; at nncl dcnlinl-' with the matter. I cannot help perhaps, he will permit me to inform him that the
writes:-" H aving made up my nunrl to npply foro. you to sell yom 1-mtcnt.-.Eo.J more one knows the less he thinks he knows, and
patent, my first step was to get the Patents, De In P r aise of WoRK. - J. P. R. (Lit:el-pool) he is the more anxious to learn more. It therefore
signs, and Trade Marks Act. so as to get the fullest \\Tites :-I purchased the first copy of 'Vow.- us a follows that it is only the ignorant who fancy they
information. This can be obtained from Erre nnd matter of curiosiLy, and I wo.s so pleased with the know all. I should strongly advise rour corre-
Spottiswoodc, price Is. 104d. Ancl having learnt lucid manner in which the \'llJious articles were spondent to start a paper on th e lines he suggests,
that the Patent Office Librnrr (:?5, Southampton written. that I luwecontinued to take it weekly. Not if, as he contends, he has a bett er knowledge of tho
Buildings w. C.) is open free till ten o'clock each only so, but I bring Lhe paper u~1der the notice.of.my wants of r enders thnn a firm who are one of tho
evening, I spent several e\enings there, after I had friends whenever an opportumty occuts. It IS JUSt large~t. if not t h e In r~test. pu blishcrs in England, may
done work, searching the Index Books. to make the kind of pnper rcqmred by nmntcurs, fot it goes be, in t11e world, and who nnnuatlly issue a greatly
sure I should not be infringing u.nr existing patent, so thoroughly into details that the merest tyro' divct-sificd amount of litcmtutc. In conclusion, m&)'
examining specifications and dto. wings made out could not fail to untlcrstand and work out the in- I be allowed to make o. suggestion that will be of
by the various o.gents, and taking notes to nssist structions set down Cor his guidance. J wish you bcucfit to the amateur and professional o.like, and
me in making out my own. Hnving vroClll'ed the Jlttrticulnrly to kindly convey my personal t hnnks thnt is, thnt in tJ1e description of the manufacture
necessary form of applico.tion for pro\'i t~ionul pro- to 1\'lt'. David Adamson for his Ycry vnluublc, of an article the approxinmtc price of each part,
tection, which can be had free. at No. ll Hoom gmphic, nnd lucid articles publishecl in Nos. 2 nnd and of the w hole when finished, be given 'l"
Royal Courts of Justice, I filled them up nt my 3 of \VonK on artistic furmturc- An 0\'ermnntel.' M easurt.ng up Painters' Work.-A. H. (Edin,.
leisure, and took them back to the Royal Courts of I read the pt~per with great interest, and was so lnL1'{1h) writes:- .As an admirer and anxious reader
Justice to ~:tet them stamped, the CI)SL of wbich is struck with the s implicity of the work d escribed, of your valuable little \VOHt{, I venture to suggest
1. This gt\'es protection for nine months. I then that I determined to commence nt once and make lhnt when the series of papers on house painting
(leposited them at the Po.tent OtHcc close by. an overmnntel myself from the drawing shown in come out in your journal, rou might see your way
Huring the next few w eeks I was ke pt well sup- No. 2 of WORK. In the first place, I mar say I am to introduce o. few practical rcmmks on measuring.
plied with circulars from pt.ltent agents, offering to an amate ur, pure and s imple, ne,cr havmg earned This is a branch of the business that Yery few
~et it through for me. But as my funds would not sixpence at joiners' work in my life, with very little painters understand thoroughly. There are books
allow ot this, I was obliged to dispense wi th the ir ser- spare time. and Ycry few tools: but I tlud o. great on this s u bject, but more practical knowledgu
vices. Some I received from America nnd Canada, amount of work can be got through br an amateur w ould be s-ained from one in the trade. 'l'he reason
which I declined for the sarue reason. About a when his hco.rtisin his work. I commcnccclthe ovcr- I write thts is t hat the fJapcrs on sign writing and
fortnight after my application I rccci ''Cd o. letter mantelonApril lst,and hnd it finished and in itsplo.ce lettering are so ably wri tten that th is subJeCt, I
from the Patent Oflice objecting to the title I had on the mantclsh clf on Saturday, .1\Itty 21st. I have am sure, would be prope1ly treated; and, speaking
given o.s being of a fo.ncy nature. T he letter went only an hour or two in thecvcning, and that not every as one connected with the trade, I know U1at the
on to say, If, as appeo.rs from the description, the day, and pnrt of Snturtlo.y afternoons, in which to r emarks would be npprccio.tcd. I wish your gro.ud
invention is an improved apparntus to fncilitnte. do the work. In makin~ the o\ermantcl I htwe little paper every success."
etc. , this should be clearly stnted in the title.' I kept to the design, but vt~ricd the mcasurcmeut, so
understood by this thnt if I \\'1\uted a fancy title I that the work when finished would be the entire Enlarr;emcnt of WoaK.- F. A. c. (Br adford)
should have to register it o.s n. trade mark, and that length of the mantelshclf; in place of wood panels wrilc8 :-" I be~ to sn.y that I, n.s one of t bo renders
the only title the Patent Oft!ce would accept wo.s to the doors I hMe tltted sheet-glnss, with a shelf of 'VORK since 1ts birth, would very much like the
the one indicated in t he letter. I a ccordingly made in cnch cupboard for books. Fitted in the back pnpcr to be doubled, or e\"CU trebled; and I quite
the necessary alteration; and shortly afterwards I a1e four pieces of plo.te-glo.ss mirror: the wood- hold with '!'. J. H. ( T!owbridge), and I think that
received a notice to say my applieo.tion hnd been work tinisned with dencl black and gold, nnd var- there will be a lot of grumbling until it is made
accepted. My next step was to hire n. t~nutll work- nished. The entire cost, including tim bcr, plate- into alnJger paper (pr ice 3d.). It is nearly impos-
shop where I could work for an hour or two in the glass mirror, glass for doors, ironmongery, paint. sible to treo.t all amateur and professional work
evening. .And as my in,ention was nn article com- gold leaf nnd varnish is 35s. For which sum I fairly in t he littlo space you have allotted. I am
plete in itself, I thought I would mnke several, and ~onsidcr i ho.,c a vcr y a r tistic and handsome piece not 1-'rUDlbl~ng, beeo.use 1 m yself ho.ve had my share
advertise them. and us I sold th em use the money of furniture- so muc11 admired, tho.t nil who hMe of oats, domg mostly woodwork, fretwork, etc. J
to increase business. This appeared to be very good seen it are so struck with the originality of the wish e,ery prosperity to womr, and hope that U
in thcoty, but it was very tlilfcrcnt in prnctlce. I design that they are anxious to possess one like it. may be mnde largex."
had some circulars printed giving a fnll d esc ription lily answer is, Subscribe to 'VOHK, and commence About WoaK.- G. D. P. (Birminoham) writes :
of the apparatus, and inserted a few adYcrtisc- to mnke ono yourself.' Not only do I consider it -"Allow me to congratulate younnd the powerful
ments in suitable papers. I recehccl many replies handsome 1\nd cheap, but from the very fnct of statf n.t your command in answering us correRpon
from all parts of the country. asking po.rticulo.rs llaving mndc it oneself, cnho.nces its vo.htc in the dents in nil parts of the provinces and I must say
and name of nearest agent where it might be seen. eyes of the worker. I shall be very pleased to show on the behalf of workmen here and myself, that in
'l'he only answer I could give was that I hnd no the o\ermantcl to any subscribers to 'VOHK thnt bringing out 'WoRK in its prcsent!erfecti on it will
agent at present near them, but w ould send article mar reside in my n eighbourhood, and give any in- do us all good from o. practieo.l an monetary poinl
on receipt of cash. This w as like buring a pig in a formation they may desire, if t.hey will co.ll upon of view, and I for one have no hesitation in saying
poke, and looked so much like a swmclio that it is me any evening after seven p.m. I wish you all that 'YORK is the prcmi"r paper for any amateur Ol'
not surprising that I heard no more from them. prosperity witn your new undertaking- " ' onK: professional man to stutly; but or course you ruusl
Now and then, one more venturesome than the and trust it is, and \\ill continue to be, a financial be tired by this lime ot having so much praise senl
rest would forward the money. But they were too success." you, but in sending your answers to correspon-
far between to be of much help to me, and I found Bronze Blue.- W. B. (Lenten) writes:-" I hereby dents I cannot help but praise your inestimable
myselt gradually getting into difficulties. Fi\e send you a suggestion with reference to your ex- WORK."
Journals, including I1~vwtion, kindly ga\"e an article cellent paper wont<, which I hope you will work
m its praise-, and I received several testimonials. out. .11~xcuse rue !or taking the liberty tor sending About WoaK. - ARTISAN wTites :-"I ha\"e
'!'his gave me the hope that if I could h old out long this. But on p~e 158 in Shop' rou will find under taken in \VonK since thfl beginning, and as a prac-
enough I mi~ht succeed in the end. The months the headin~ L1tho Bronze Blue what I wish to tical man think it Ukely to prove on the whole a
flew by, and 1t became necessaty for me to send in point out. J'bnt answer is only of u se to the person vety usefnl paper for workmen of all kinds. If il
my complete speciflcati..on. I got the form in the who nsked for it. 'Would it not be as well to put the hns a fault, to my ideo., it is amateurish. Probably
same way as before (unstnmpcd), mnde out my question with all short ones, so that others may o.matcur3 bulk largely (moxo large ly, perhnrs than
drawings, and wrote a more detailed account or understand th em, and so that those who are Jn the professionals) in your circulation, but stil I holc.l
my invention, clearly stating in what I clnimed same trade m ight mnke use of them, and know that sound workshop met.t10ds of construction
protection. And as the Patent Office made no ob- what they are using them for1 Is the question ono would be much more satisfactory all round than
Jection, I received my patent in due course by post, of the blue sticking on the stone, or whnt1"-( Your some of the makc.shitts so largely adopted b y
twelve months after my first application. The suggestion, which is a useful one, ishall be followed amateur tradesmen, and sometimes ad vocatcd by
stamping of these papers cost 3, making a total as far as possible. All who answer questions are contributors to your paper . 'l'his, as I have hinted.
cost of 4 for the patent. This was th e lo.st straw. requested to show by their answer what the nature is the only fault I have to find with WonK. and I
I had secured my patent, b~t I found _myself ve_ry of the question was. H questions were put brictly1 ha,e taken the Uberty of writing you, no~ through
much in debt. Most working men wt th a fam1ly and wnt.ten on a separate piece of paper, each coulu any carping. fuult-findio~ spirit, but from a sincere
know what that means. It means a long struggle always be gi \'en before or above the answers to it. desire to assist in makmg the paper even more
l)cfore you get straight again. I gave up making, But not one correspondent in twenty observes this useful as n. workman's friend. Please do not sup-
u.ud tried to sell the pa tent. And now for the first rule, which, if universally adopted. would greatly pose in what I hll\'e said above that I am making
t 1111e I began to see the advantage of employing a facilitate matters. '!'he question asked was-" I had any reflections on t he ability of the contributors to
))Utent agent. Had I been able to do so at first he a job to work in bronze blue, and it was rather 'VoRK; on the contrary, I believe them one and all
would ho.ve been intere;~ted in trying to find a cus- inclined to take the work off the stone, and I should to be thoroughly competent teachers of the various
tomer for it. I also found that capitalists have be very much obliged if you could give me any in- crafts t11ey wr1te about, and that, sir, is just the
very little confidence in a patent that has been formation so as to prevent that occurring again ; it reason why I feel uneasy when I see talented
secured without the aid of an agent. Of course so, you would greatly oblige.''-En.] writers such as ther are s.ometimes advocating
it a man in business makes an impro"rement in a~ methods of construction whteh they know would
article that he has already_ before the public, it is Shar~ning Carving Tools.- D. D. writes:- not be tolerated in any workshop i n the country.
all very well. But my adVlce to any one without .. Notwithstandin g J. \V. B.'s remarks in puge 172 Under these circumstances I wo.s very glad to see
capital who has somethin~ new is to plnce it in the about shnrpenin~ cnning tools, the methOd ho your r emarks in this week's paper in defence of
hands of an agent to get 1t pro,isionally protected, ad,ocntes ill dec1dcdlr an amateu ri sh one, and is your review of ponderous and expensive tools. I
and place it fu the market at once, so that t he open to se,eral objections. Instead of fastening the thoroughly agree with you in all you say there, and
buyer bears the expense of patenting i t. Dut slips in a handsc1ew. n. much better way is to prnc- I say review every new ln.bour-sa.ving tool thai
should he pr!Yer f.c? act for himself. there. is noU1ing tiee the method o.doptcd by most, if not all. good comes under your notice, either large or small. or
to prevent hrm domg so. Of course, bemg in Lon- pro.cticnl carvers, who certainly would not prefer it \VORK will not be so useful as it might and ou~hl
don, I bad a greater advantage t.ho.n an[ one would unless it w ere better. TWs is the advice ot one who to be to the professional rend er. I intend nvaihng
have wllo lived in the country. Bu there are knows.'' myself shortly of the undoubted ability of your
many cbeap excursions to London which a man L esson f or L e s s on. - J. H. (Waltllam.9tOtv) sto.lf. Your ::3hop' column is a valuable privilege,
might take advantage of i and while his !rientls writes to the effect that it is easier to learn how to which I should be sorry n ot to take advantage of ;
were ai~htrseeing, he cowd spend the day at the d o anything when we 1\l'e sllow1~how to do it, than meantime I shall not trouble you further than by
Patent OJI1ce, where there is every convenience for w hen we are told how to do it. He su~gcsts that n.skingJou to review as early as you eau the new
writing out specifications. And they could be one r end er of \VonK should give a practical lesson, do veto. cutter produced by the Britannia Company
stamped and deposited at the office the same day." say, in carpentry o.ndjoincry, to another reader, in to work on circular so.ws.''-(As soon a s I have suffi-
(You have doubtless done the only thing I could ad- exchange for a practical lesson in some other trnde, cient information about the dovetail cutter, or.
vise- namely, to submit your invention to dealers in and would be glad to heo.r the _opinion of fellow- better still, ha \-e seen it, I will report on it in "Our
instruments and persons connected with the musical renders. This is the pith of J. H .'s letter, which Guide to Good Things.'' I pu t your letter into type.
profession. I ruyselt am not competent to give I am obliged to give in this way in order that all because it is helpful \'.-ith other readers. .Amateurs.
an opinion on it, for I cannot play any instrument r enders of \VonK may easily o.rr1ve at his meaning. as w ell as professionals, rend 'VonK. but the latter
myself, and know n otWng about music. Possibly -Ed. largely predominate, and it is very lar!;ely bought
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com
RQ: MELHUISH & SONS, ~
FE I l' ER LANE, L ONDON, E.C.
Prize Medal 'f'or excellen ce o'f"
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the orga nic act ion , and imp arts
NE TV L ilt"'E au rl TTIG O UR t o the D ebi lita ted Co nst itut ion .
BOO !\ '1 TES T/.1 /C}.\ "/Al.S, D<srripthc: P.rm pllld, and A.l ia, fru
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Th e M ED IC AL BA TT ER Y CO., LTD., 52 , 0x fo rd St ., Lo nd on , W .
0 Our reade rs are iwi tcJ eo call :md pcro n:~lly in~pcc l the Belts bcf.>re purch:~~in~. NOTE OtllY ADDRESS AS ABOVE. (C,,,.,;, , ,,r R ,:;:. , 1':..-.-.)
J. H.
SI~INNEl~ & CO ., EAS'l" DEltEIIA~l, N ORFOLI~,
Manufacturers and In1porters of Photographic Ap pa rat us and Fr etw or k
J H. s. cu.
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Materials.
hl\'e n.'\W b.r-.:~ Fl:! ,\rr " i:~, ~'' mmn tht it"'rt ( ,u ur
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a .. .:!f. Full l nstru! !tLns SUl'Pl ied "ith e.1ch set.
The Ecli pse Camera set.
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1. 11. S. ,'< CO keep r<l:'lb rh- in st<'ck 3bout 120, 000 E cli p s e Desi gn, 1\o. 10!1.
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gu.u. mkeJ to l\e 11\ \\ r:.:m,.: o rJcr. aa<l C omp lete F r c two rk ' Outi H, c mrri int: to-inc
St,...d I nme . .;~ :_., "' ,\ \\I J ale . .: l~ .. ~.:n.; "llh 'u:h"to..nth
N. B.-t f App arat us does not g ive satis fact ion, l''lJh: l \\ ., t. ~r ~u-.t, .&:.J h. lh:ll\t :0: ~n F'rt.!':" 'rk
a nd is retu rned un inj ured with n t hree d ays of 1 ::cc ~ "1 earn ,.,c J..uJ. u f'"';:t A>W rtcJ Pu.nc J Frl!t,
r ecei pt, we guar ante e to refu nd pu rch a s e mon ey. \'- I)J~I. J:t oJ.
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Fre.t~w Outfi: on c:u ,l. w,:h ln<-:r-:..:t:"'nc. ~ 6,-t. free.
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...e r ecehe ; t~timonial:. J:ulr. illn, try 0\l t $, fo r \\'h:l!h
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3"" S ee our cOmp!tte CA:al(\<:'\11!. 6J P1tes . quar-t~.), CC\nt.:Unm~
o( des..:ns put>lishe.l. irec: (or o >t3mp s.
the bc.st ' '.lrii't) "
.=, 133
HA RG ER BR OS ., SE TT LE . L ond on W areh ous e : 24, KIN G EDW AR D ST. , NEW GA TE ST.
M on thl y, price 4d .
C .. A .S S :E :L :L .' S T:J:~::E
AN D TH RO UG H- RO UT E GL AN CE -G UID E.
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CO LO UR S- EX:Q UI SIT E.
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"Si mp ly P e rfe ctio n." -77 re (!uu u.
Ma de in ov er lOO Co lou rs. S ol d in Tin s, 4 ! d., I s. 3d. , a nd 2s.
6d. F or Ba ths (to res ist Ho t
W ate r), l s. 6d . an d 3s. Po st fre e, 7d. , ls. 6d. , 3s. ; l s. 9d. an d 3s.
6d .
REA D Y F OR USE . A CH ILD CA .V APP LV IT.
SOLD EVER'V"VV~ERE.
A S P IN A L L 'S ENAMEL WORKS,
Tele grams- EDWARD ASPINALL, LONDON.
LO N D O N S .E .
PRI NTED Al\D P \; DLIS II E D BY CASS ELL & CO:\ IPAS Y,
COLOUR CARDS FRE E. '
LI~!I TED, LA BEL LE S .H .>'AG E, L Ol\DO l\, E.C