EXPLANATION TEXT

1. Ahlish Rahma Alfiana (02)

2. Amelia Zahrotun Nimah (03)
3. Anas Hananto Febrian (04)
4. Dhea Intan Puspita Sari (07)
5. Habib Al Hasan (12)
6. Julia Wahyu Anida (23)
7. Meylina Putri Vinata (27)
Class : XI MIA 3

Definition : Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural,

social, scientific and cultural phenomena.
Communicative Purpose : To explain the processes involved in the formation or working of
natural or socio-cultural phenomena.
Generic Structure :
General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
(Closing); atually this is not mentioned in explanation text, however,
many people think that the last of paragraph is clossing, in which it is actually part
of sequenced explanation
Flood
Flooding is a disaster which commonly happens in large and densely populated cities. In
Indonesia, the floods hit Jakarta very often and cause many victims. Then, do you know the
process of how flood happens? Pay attention to the following explanation.
The process of natural flooding is preceded by rain which falls to the surface of the earth.
Then the rain water is absorbed by the ground surface and flows to the lower place. Once that
condition happens, evaporation and the water appear to the surface of the land. Flooding can be
disastrous for humans when floods happen in an area that people live because the water carries
along objects like houses, bridges, cars, furniture and even people.
On the other hand, the process of non natural flooding is usually caused by bad habits of
humans who do not care about the environment, such as littering that can make water flow
clogged. This makes the water deposited in landfills which gradually becomes more common.
When water reservoirs can no longer hold water discharge, the water then overflows out the land
and cause flooding.

Banjir
Banjir adalah bencana yang sangat sering terjadi di kota-kota besar padat penduduk. Di
Indonesia, banjir sangat sering melanda kota Jakarta dan seringkali menelan banyak korban. Lalu,
tahukah anda bagaimana proses terjadinya banjir? Perhatikan penjelasan berikut ini.
Proses terjadinya banjir secara alamiah itu diawali dengan turunnya hujan yang jatuh ke
permukaan bumi. Kemudian air hujan tersebut masuk kepermukaan tanah dan mengalir ketempat
yang lebih rendah. Setelah itu terjadi penguapan dan air tersebut keluar kepermukaan daratan.
Banjir yang terjadi secara almiah dapat menjadi bencana bagi manusia ketika banjir melanda
tempat tinggal mereka karena air bah menyeret benda-benda seperti rumah, jembatan, perabotan,
dan bahkan manusia
Di sisi lain, proses terjadinya banjir secara non alamiah biasanya disebabkan oleh
kebiasaan buruk manusia yang tidak perduli lingkungan seperti,membuang sampah tidak pada
tempatnya sehingga menyebabkan aliran air tersumbat. Hal tersebut menyebabkan air tersebut
tertampung di tempat pembuangan yang semakin lama semakin banyak. Saat penampungan air
tak mampu lagi menahan debit air, maka air meluap keluar sehingga mengenai daratan dan
menyebabkan banjir.
Language Features
Using simple present tense
Using passive voice
Focus on natural and socio cultural phenomena
Using general and abstract nouns
Using action verbs
Using conjunctions of time and cause
Using noun phrases
Using complex sentences
Using technical language

1. Simple Present Tense : Flooding is a disaster

Passive Voice :
- flooding is usually caused by bad habits of humans
- The process of natural flooding is preceded by rain which falls to the surface of the earth
2. Conjuctive Of Time :
- Then, do you know the process of how flood happens..
- When water reservoirs can no longer hold water discharge..
- Then the rain water is absorbed
3. Conjuctive Of Cause :
- Flooding can be disastrous for humans when floods happen in an area that people live
because the water carries along
The difficult word of the text :
Disaster =bencana
Densely =padat
Preceded =didahului/mendahului
Surface =permukaan
Evaporation =penguapan
disastrous =bencana
Clogged =buntu
Landfills =tempat pembuangan sampah
Gradually =bertahap
Discharge =melaksanakan
 Reservoirs =waduk