DEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS&COMMUNICATIONENGINEERING

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EC6702OPTICALCOMMUNICATIONANDNETWORKS
QUESTIONBANK
IVYEARVIISEM
ACDEMICYEAR:20162017ODDSEMESTER



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SUBJECT :EC6702OPTICALCOMMUNICATIONANDNETWORKS

SEM/YEAR:VII/IVyearB.E.

OBJECTIVES:
Tofacilitatetheknowledgeaboutopticalfibersourcesandtransmissiontechniques
ToEnrichtheideaofopticalfibernetworksalgorithmsuchasSONET/SDHandoptical
CDMA.
Toexplorethetrendsofopticalfibermeasurementsystems.

UNITIINTRODUCTIONTOOPTICALFIBERS 9
EvolutionoffiberopticsystemElementofanOpticalFiberTransmissionlinkTotalinternal
reflectionAcceptanceangleNumericalapertureSkewraysRayOpticsOpticalFiberModes
and Configurations Mode theory of Circular Wave guides Overview of ModesKey Modal
conceptsLinearlyPolarizedModesSingleModeFibersGradedIndexfiberstructure.

UNITIISIGNALDEGRADATIONOPTICALFIBERS 9
AttenuationAbsorptionlosses,Scatteringlosses,BendingLosses,CoreandCladdinglosses,
Signal Distortion in Optical Wave guidesInformation Capacity determination Group Delay
MaterialDispersion,WaveguideDispersion,SignaldistortioninSMfibersPolarizationMode
dispersion, Intermodal dispersion, Pulse Broadening in GI fibersMode Coupling Design
OptimizationofSMfibersRIprofileandcutoffwavelength.

UNITIIIFIBEROPTICALSOURCESANDCOUPLING 9
Direct and indirect Band gap materialsLED structures Light source materials Quantum
efficiencyandLEDpower,ModulationofaLED,lasersDiodesModesandThresholdcondition
Rate equationsExternal Quantum efficiency Resonant frequencies Laser Diodes,
Temperatureeffects,IntroductiontoQuantumlaser,FiberamplifiersPowerLaunchingand
coupling, Lencing schemes, Fiber to Fiber joints, Fiber splicingSignal to Noise ratio ,
Detectorresponsetime.

UNITIVFIBEROPTICRECEIVERANDMEASUREMENTS 9
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Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources Receiver Configuration
Probability of Error Quantum limit.Fiber Attenuation measurements Dispersion
measurements Fiber Refractive index profile measurements Fiber cut off Wave length
MeasurementsFiberNumericalApertureMeasurementsFiberdiametermeasurements.

UNITVOPTICALNETWORKSANDSYSTEMTRANSMISSION 9
Basic Networks SONET / SDH Broadcast and select WDM Networks Wavelength
Routed Networks Non linear effects on Network performance Link Power budget Rise
time budget Noise Effects on System PerformanceOperational Principles of WDM
Performance of WDM + EDFA system Solutions Optical CDMA Ultra High Capacity
Networks.

TOTAL:45PERIODS

OUTCOMES:
Uponcompletionofthecourse,studentswillbeableto:

Discussthevariousopticalfibermodes,configurationsandvarioussignaldegradation
factors
associatedwithopticalfiber.
Explainthevariousopticalsourcesandopticaldetectorsandtheiruseintheoptical
communicationsystem.
Analyzethedigitaltransmissionanditsassociatedparametersonsystemperformance.

TEXTBOOKS:
1.GerdKeiser,"OpticalFiberCommunication"McGrawHillInternational,4thEdition.,2010.
2.JohnM.Senior,OpticalFiberCommunication,SecondEdition,PearsonEducation,2007.

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UNITIINTRODUCTIONTOOPTICALFIBERS 9
EvolutionoffiberopticsystemElementofanOpticalFiberTransmissionlinkTotalinternal
reflectionAcceptance angle Numerical aperture Skew rays Ray OpticsOptical Fiber Modes and
Configurations Mode theory of Circular Wave guides Overview of ModesKey Modal concepts
LinearlyPolarizedModesSingleModeFibersGradedIndexfiberstructure.
PARTA

Q.No BT Domain
Questions
Level
1. Defineattenuationconstantofafiber. BTL1 Remembering
2. Definenumericalapertureofastepindexfiber BTL1 Remembering
3. Definecriticalangle BTL1 Remembering
4. Whatistotalinternalreflectioninafiber? BTL1 Remembering
5. StateSnellslaw BTL1 Remembering
6. Whatisalinearlypolarizedmode? BTL1 Remembering
7. Statethenecessityofcladdingforanopticalfiber. BTL2 Understanding

8. Relatethemodefielddiameterandspotsize BTL2 Understanding

9. Outlineanyfouradvantagesofanopticalcommunicationsystem BTL2 Understanding
10. WhatismeantbyConicalHalfangle? BTL2 Understanding
11. RelateaformulaforthenormalizedfrequencyandNA.Hence,find BTL3 Applying
theNumericalapertureforastepindexfiberthathasnormalized
frequencyV=26.6ata1300nmwavelengthandcoreradiusof
25m.
12. Applytheraytransmissiontheorytofindthecriticalincidentangle BTL3 Applying
foraglassrodofrefractiveindex1.5,surroundedbyair.
13. Withtheknowledgeofthetotalinternalreflection,calculatethe BTL3 Applying
criticalangleofincidencebetweentwosubstanceswithdifferent
refractiveindiceswheren1=1.5andn2=1.46.
14. Sortoutthefundamentalparameterofasinglemodefiber BTL4 Analyzing
15. Listouttheadvantagesofthemultimodefiber. BTL4 Analyzing
16. DistinguishStepindexfibersandgradedindexfiber BTL4 Analyzing

17. Evaluatethecriticalanglewiththerelativerefractiveindex BTL5 Evaluating

differenceof1%foranopticalfiber.Giventhecorerefractiveindex

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is1.46.

18. Determinethecutoffwavelengthofasinglemodefiberwithcore BTL5 Evaluating

radiusof4mand=0.003.
19. Therefractiveindexesofthecoreandcladdingofasilicafiberare BTL6 Creating
1.48and1.46respectively.Findtheacceptanceangleforthefiber.
Proposeasuggestiontoincreasetheacceptanceangleofoptical
fiber.
20. Formulatethenormalizedfrequencyat820nmforastepindex BTL6 Creating
fiberhavinga25mradius.Therefractiveindexesofthecladding
andthecoreare1.45and1.47respectively.Solvetofindthe
numberofmodesthatpropagateinthisfiberat820nm?
PARTB

1. (i).Statehowmodefielddiameterisrelatedtothesinglemodefiber. BTL1 Remembering

Whatarethepropagationmodesinthem?(8)
(ii)Drawaneatdiagramandexplaintheraytheorybehindthe
opticalfibercommunicationwithaspecialmentionaboutthetotal
internalreflection,AcceptanceangleandNumericalaperture.(8)
2. (i)Whatisnumericalapertureofanopticalfiber?Deducean BTL1 Remembering
expressionforthesame.(10)
(ii)Writeanoteonstepindexfiber(6)
3. (i)Definenormalizedfrequencyforanopticalfiberandexplainits
use.(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)Drawtheblockdiagramofaopticalfiberlinktransmissionand
explainthedifferentcomponents(8)

4. (i)WhatisNumericalApertureofafiber?Deduceanexpressionfor
thesamewithneatfigureshowingallthedetails.(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)Drawandexplaintherefractiveindexprofileandray
transmissioninmultimodestepindex&singlemodestepindex
fibers.(8)
5. (i)Explainabouttransmissionoflightthroughgradedindexfiber BTL2 Understanding
withneatdiagrams.(8)
(ii)Showthatlinearlypolarizedmodesinopticalfibersisrelatedto
theVnumberbyobtainingproperequationsandexpressions.(8)
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6. (i)ExplainthephenomenonoftotalinternalreflectionusingSnell's BTL2 Understanding
lawwithfiguresandcalculations.(10)
(ii)Classifyfibersandexplainthem.(6)
7. (i)Showthatnumericalapertureisdependentontherefractive
indicesofcoreandcladdingthroughproperderivation.(10)
(ii)Explaintheadvantagesofopticalcommunicationtechnology(6) BTL2 Understanding

8. (i)ApplythebasicMaxwellsequationtoderivethemodeequations
forthecircularfibre.(10)
Withthederivedresultsforasinglemodestepindexfiber,estimate BTL3 Applying
theshortestwavelengthoflightwhichallowssinglemodeoperation
whentherelativerefractiveindexdifferenceforthefiberis1%.The
corediameteris7mandcorerefractiveindexis1.49.(6)
9. (i)ChoosethepropercoresizeandcladdingrefractiveindexforaSi
fiberusingproperequations.Thesilicacorerefractiveindexis
1.458,v=75andNA=0.3andisoperatedat820nm.Calculatethe BTL3 Applying
totalnumberofmodesenteringthisfiber.(10)
(ii)Identifytheproperangleofincidencesothatthetotalinternal
reflectiontakesplacewithintheopticalfiber.(6)
10. (i)CalculateNAofsilicafiberwithitscorerefractiveindex(n1)of BTL4 Analyzing
1.48andcladdingrefractiveindexof1.46.Analyzeandfindoutwhat

shouldbethenewvalueofn1inordertochangetheNAto0.23.
(12)

(ii)Distinguishstepindexfromgradedindexfibers.(4)
11. Comparetheopticallinkwiththatofthesatellitelink(4) BTL4 Analyzing
Explainthedifferencesbetweenmeridionalandskewrays.Indetail
discussabouttheskewrays.(12)
12. (i)Explaintheraypropagationintoanddownanopticalfibrecable. BTL4 Analyzing
Alsoderivetheexpressionfortheacceptanceangle.(10)
(ii)Contrasttheadvantageanddisadvantageofstepindex,graded
index,singlemodepropagationandmultimodepropagation.(6)
13. Determinethefractionofaverageopticalpowerresidinginthe BTL5 Evaluating
claddingofastepindexfiberhavingcoreradiusof25m.Thefiber
operatesat1300nmandhasanumericalapertureof0.22. (8)

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(ii)Afiberhascoreradiusof25mm,corerefractiveindexof1.48
andrelativerefractiveindexdifference()is0.01.Iftheoperating
wavelengthis0.84mm,findthevalueofnormalizedfrequencyand
thenumberofguidedmodes.Evaluatethenumberofguidedmodes
ifisreducedto0.003.(8)
14. (i)Astepindexfiberhasacorediameterof7mandcorerefractive BTL6 Creating
indexof1.49.Estimatetheshortestwavelengthoflightwhichallows
singlemodeofoperationwhentherelativerefractiveindex
differenceforthefiberis1%.(6)
(ii)Supposethatanincomingrayfromalightsourceisnotwithin
theacceptanceanglelimits.Whatwillhappentothelighttobe
transmitted?Suggestapropersolutionsothatthewholeof
informationtobetransmittedisproperlythroughthefiber.(10)

UNITIISIGNALDEGRADATIONOPTICALFIBERS 9
Attenuation Absorption losses, Scattering losses, Bending Losses, Core and Cladding losses, Signal
Distortion in Optical Wave guidesInformation Capacity determination Group DelayMaterial
Dispersion, Wave guide Dispersion, Signal distortion in SM fibersPolarization Mode dispersion,
Intermodaldispersion,PulseBroadeninginGIfibersModeCouplingDesignOptimizationofSMfibers
RIprofileandcutoffwavelength.
PARTA
Q. Questions BT Domain
No Level
1. Definechromaticdispersion&whatarethecausesforthesame? BTL1 Remembering

2. WhatisModeCoupling? BTL1 Remembering

3. Definedispersionflattening. BTL1 Remembering
4. WhatismeantbyStimulatedRamanScattering? BTL1 Remembering
5. Statesignalattenuation. BTL1 Remembering
6. Whatarebendinglosses?Nameitstypes. BTL1 Remembering
7. Outlinethemostimportantnonlineareffectsofopticalfiber BTL2 Understanding
communication.
8. Discussthesignificanceofgroupvelocity. BTL2 Understanding
9. Givethemeasureofinformationcapacityinopticalwaveguide BTL2 Understanding
10. Classifythefiberlosseswhicharegivenperunitdistance. BTL2 Understanding

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11. Constructanexpressionfortheeffectivenumberofmodesguided BTL3 Applying
byacurvedmultimodefiberofradius'a'.
12. Identifythecauseofscatteringloss. BTL3 Applying

13. StatetheimpactofRayleighscattering. BTL3 Applying

14. Inspecttheeffectsofdispersioninmultimodefibers. BTL4 Analysing

15. Comparematerialandwaveguidedispersion. BTL4 Analysing

16. Listthefactorsthatcauseintrinsicjointlossesinafiber. BTL4 Analysing

17. Expressgroupdelayinopticalfiber. BTL5 Evaluating

18. Afiberhasanattenuationof0.5dB/Kmat1500nm.If0.5mWof BTL5 Evaluating
opticalpowerisinitiallylaunchedintothefiber,estimateisthe
powerlevelinafter25km?
19. Whatcouldbedonetominimizethepulsebroadening? BTL6 Creating
20. Acontinuous12Kmslongopticalfiberlinkhasalossof1.5dB/Km. BTL6 Creating
Proposeapropersolutiontofindtheminimumopticalpowerthat
mustbelaunchedintothefibertomaintaintheopticalpowerlevel
of0.3wattatthereceivingend?
PARTB
1. (i) What do you mean by pulse broadening? Explain its effect on BTL1 Remembering
informationcarryingcapacityofafiber.(10)
(ii)Whatarethelossorsignalattenuationmechanismsinafiber.
Explain.(6)
2. (i)Whatismeantbycriticalbendingradiusofopticalfibers?Explain BTL1 Remembering
(8)

(ii) Define signal distortion? How does Signal distortion in single

modefibers?

3. (i)Describethelinearscatteringlossesinopticalfibers.(8) BTL1 Remembering

(ii)Howawaveguidedispersionaffectstheperformanceofthe
transmissioninanopticalfiber?Explain(8)
4. (i)Showthattheintermodaldispersionthatoccursinamultimode BTL1 Remembering
stepindexfibercausessignaldegradationinfibres.
(8)
(ii)Whatisdispersioninfibers?Whatarethecausesandtypesof
fiberdispersionloss.(8)

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5. (i)Showthatthematerialdispersionisinverselyrelatedtothe BTL2 Understanding

lengthofthefiber.(8)
(ii)Explain(a)intramodaland(b)intermodaldispersion.(8)

6. (i)Illustratethemodalnoiseduetointermodaldispersionthat BTL2 Understanding
occursinamultimodefibers.(8)
(ii)Explainhowthebandwidthofanopticalfiberisaffected.(8)
7. Withdiagramderivetheexpressionforintramodaldispersion.(8)
Explainhowtherefractiveindexprofileandcutoffwavelengthofa
singlemodefiberaffectstheperformanceasinglemodefiber.(8) BTL2 Understanding

8. (i) Identify how the attenuation is encountered in optical fiber
communication due to: (a) Bending (b)Scattering (c) Absorption
(12) BTL3 Applying
(ii)Solvethemaximumtransmissiondistanceforafiberlinkwith
anattenuationof0.2dB/Kmifthepowerlaunchedin1mWandthe
receiversensitivityis50V.Calculatetheattenuationforanother
linkwithsameparametersanddistanceof26Kms.
(4)
9. (i) Solve the maximum bitrate for the fiber link of 5kms. The
numericalapertureis0.25andtherefractiveindexis1.48.(6)
(ii)Withtheknowledgeondispersion,explainthefollowingin BTL3 Applying
singlemodefiber:modebirefringenceandbeatlength.(10)
10. (i) Analyse and present how the refractive index profile and the BTL4 Analyzing
cutoffwavelengthaffectsthedesignofasinglemodefiber.(8)
(ii)Explainthemodecouplingthatoccursinamultimodestepindex
fibers.(8)
11. (i)Examinetheeffectsofnonlinearscatteringlossesinopticalfiber. BTL4 Analyzing
(10)
(ii)Bringoutthedifferencesbetweenintermodalandintramodal
dispersion.(6)

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12. Analysehowtheimportantconstituentatomsofasilicafiberaffects BTL4 Analyzing
thetransmissionoflightthroughopticalfiber.(8)
Listouttheeffectsofthehydroxylionsandtransientimpurities.(8)

13. (i) Based on the behavior of the optical fiber, bring out the design BTL5 Evaluating
optimizationofasinglemodefiber.(8)
(ii)ExplainhowasignaldistortionoccursinOpticalwaveguides.
(8)
14. (i) Discuss about the intermodal dispersion that occurs in a BTL6 Creating
multimodegradedindexfiber.(8)
(ii)Imagineascenariowheretheenergyfromthelighttravelling
throughthecoreistransferredtothecladding.Presenttheconcept
behindthistojustifythatitleadstotheattenuationofthelight
signal.(8)

UNITIIIFIBEROPTICALSOURCESANDCOUPLING 9
DirectandindirectBandgapmaterialsLEDstructuresLightsourcematerialsQuantumefficiencyand
LED power, Modulation of a LED, lasers DiodesModes and Threshold condition Rate equations
ExternalQuantumefficiencyResonantfrequenciesLaserDiodes,Temperatureeffects,Introductionto
Quantum laser, Fiber amplifiers Power Launching and coupling, Lensing schemes, Fiber to Fiber
joints,FibersplicingSignaltoNoiseratio,Detectorresponsetime.
PARTA
Q.N Questions BT Domain
o Level
1. DefineinternalquantumefficiencyofLEDandLaser. BTL1 Remembering
2. WhatismeantbymechanicalSplice? BTL1 Remembering

3. StatethedrawbacksofAvalanchephotodiode. BTL1 Remembering

4. Writeanyfourfactorswhichaffectthepowerlaunchedintothe BTL1 Remembering
fiber.

5. Whatissplicing? BTL1 Remembering

6. Definequantumefficiencyandresponsivityforaphotodiode. BTL1 Remembering
7. SummarizetheadvantageofPINdiodewithAPDdiode. BTL2 Understanding
8. DefineResponsivity BTL2 Understanding
9. Givetheexpressionforfibertofibercouplingefficiency BTL2 Understanding
10. Whatistherelationbetweenpowerlaunchingandwavelength. BTL2 Understanding
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11. CalculatebandgapenergyforanLEDtoemit850nm BTL3 Applying
12. Classifythedifferentnoisespresentintheavalanchephotodiode? BTL3 Applying
13. Computeavalanchemultiplicationnoise BTL3 Applying
14. WritetwodifferencesbetweenLEDandLASERdiode. BTL4 Analyzing
15. Examinedarkcurrentnoise BTL4 Analyzing
16. Categorizethetypesofmechanicalmisalignment. BTL4 Analyzing
17. Determinethedifferentfactorsthatdeterminetheresponsetime BTL5 Evaluating
ofphotodetector?
18. Evaluatethelensingschemestoimproveopticalsourcetofiber BTL5 Evaluating
couplingefficiency.
19. Constuctmechanicalsplicinginopticalfiber. BTL6 Creating
20. Elaborateonfibertofibercouplingloss BTL6 Creating
PARTB
1. i)Whataredirectbandgapandindirectband,gap BTL1 Remembering
semiconductors?(8)
(ii)DescribetheoperationofLED?(8) BTL1 Remembering

2. Writeshortnoteon
Fiberconnectors BTL1 Remembering
Splicesandcouplers.
3. Withneatsketch,explaintheworkingofalightemittingdiode.(8) BTL4 Analyzing
Derivetheexpressionforthequantumeffiencyofadoublehetro BTL3 Applying
structureLED.(8)

4. (i)Whatarethepossiblenoisesourcesthatcontributethe BTL1 Remembering
photodetectornoise?(8)
(ii)Whatismeantbydetectorresponsetime?Explain.(8) BTL1 Remembering

5. (i)Determinetheinternalquantumefficiencyandinternalpower BTL5 Evaluating

level.(8) Evaluating
(ii)Iftherefractiveindexofthelightsourcematerialisn=3.5. BTL5
Findthepoweremittedfromthedevice.(8)
6. DrawandcompareLEDandInjectionLaserDiodestructures.(16) BTL2 Understanding
7. Elaborateindetailaboutfibersplicing(10) BTL6 Creating
Whataretheprimaryrequirementsofagoodfiberconnector BTL1 Remembering
design?(6)
8. Developtheoperationofainjectionlaser.(10) BTL6 Creating
ComparetheopticalsourcesLEDandILD.(6) BTL4 Analyzing
9. Classifythethreetypesoffibermisalignmentthatcontributeto BTL3 Applying
insertionlossatanopticalfiberjoint.(8) Analyzing
Outlinethemajorcategoriesofmultiportfiberopticcoupler.(8) BTL4

10. Summarizecoupledcavitysemiconductorlasersandtunable BTL2 Understanding

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semiconductorlasers.(8)
BTL2 Understanding
DrawandExplainthestructureofFabryPerotresonatorcavityfor
aLaserdiode.DeriveLaserdioderateequation.(8)

11. Withdiagram,explainsurfaceandedgeemittersofLED BTL4 Analyzing

Understanding
structures.(8)

DrawthestructuresandelectricfieldsinAPDandexplainits
BTL2
working.(8)

12. Explain the various fiber alignment and joint losses with BTL4 Analyzing
diagram.(8) Remembering
Writenotesonfibersplicesandconnectors. (8) BTL1
13. Analyzethefrontendopticalamplifiersandexplain.(8) BTL4 Analyzing
Constructpowerlaunchingandcouplinginopticalfiberamplifiers BTL3 Applying
(8)

14. ExplainindetailaboutsourcetoFiberpowerlaunching. (8) BTL2 Understanding

Applying
Illustratethethreefactorsthatdecidestheresponsetimeof BTL3
photodiodes.Explainthemindetailwithneatsketches.(8)

UNITIV FIBEROPTICRECEIVERANDMEASUREMENTS
Fundamentalreceiveroperation,Preamplifiers,ErrorsourcesReceiverConfigurationProbabilityof
Error Quantum limit.Fiber Attenuation measurements Dispersion measurements Fiber Refractive
index profile measurements Fiber cut off Wave length Measurements Fiber Numerical Aperture
MeasurementsFiberdiametermeasurements.
PARTA
Q.N Questions BT Domain
o Level
1. Listtheadvantagesofusingtransimpedancefrontendreceiver BTL1 Remembering
configuration.
2. StatetheSignificanceofmaintainingthefibreouterdiameter BTL1 Remembering
constant
3. Definebiterrorrate. BTL1 Remembering
4. Writeanytwoadvantagesoftransimpedanceamplifiers. BTL1 Remembering
5. Adigitalfiberopticlinkoperatingat1310nm,requiresamaximum BTL1 Remembering
BERof108.Identifytheaveragephotonsperpulse.
6. Thephotodetectoroutputinacutbackattenuationsetupis3.3V BTL1 Remembering
atthefarendofthefiber.Aftercuttingthefiberatthenearend,5m
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fromthefarend,photodetectoroutputreadwas9.2V.Recitethe
attenuationofthefiberindB/Km?
7. Generalizetheerrorsourcesofreceiver. BTL2 Understanding
8. Givemainideaaboutquantumlimit. BTL2 Understanding
9. Expressdarkcurrent. BTL2 Understanding
10. Summarizethedifferentmethodsformeasuringrefractiveindex BTL2 Understanding
profile.
11. JustifytheUseofsiliconispreferredtomakeopticalreceivers. BTL3 Applying
12. InterpretModalNoiseandModepartitionNoise BTL3 Applying
13. Calculatethemeanof(1/f)noisecornerfrequency BTL3 Applying
14. Pointouttheadvantagesofpreamplifiers. BTL4 Analyzing
15. Categorizethetypesofpreamplifiers? BTL4 Analyzing
16. Examinethestandardfibermeasurementtechniques? BTL4 Analyzing
17. DetermineBendattenuation BTL5 Evaluating
18. Whytheattenuationlimitcurveslopestowardstotheright? BTL5 Evaluating
19. Developthemeasurestoavoidmodalnoise. BTL6 Creating
20. Proposetherangeofsystemmargininlinkpowerbudget. BTL6 Creating
PARTB
1. Drawtheblockdiagramoffundamentalopticalreceiver.Write BTL1 Remembering
abouteachblock.
2. Withdiagramsdescribethefollowing:
(i)MeasurementofNAofafiber(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)Measurementofrefractiveindexprofile.(8)
3. Explaininbrieftheblocksandtheirfunctionsofanoptical BTL1 Remembering
receiverwithschematicdiagrams.
4. (i)Adigitalfiberopticlinkoperatingat850nmrequiresa BTL1 Remembering
maximumBERof10^9.Citethequantumlimitintermsofthe
quantumefficiencyofthedetectorandtheenergyoftheincident
photon.(8)
(ii)Definetheattenuationanddispersionmeasurementsindetail.
(8)
5. (i)Explainanytwotypesofpreamplifiersusedinareceiver(12)
(ii)EstimatethetermsQuantumlimitandProbabilityofErrorwith BTL2 Understanding
respecttoareceiverwithtypicalvalues(4)
6. (i)GivemainideaaboutInsertionLossmethodusedfor
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attenuationmeasurement.(8) BTL2 Understanding
(ii)ExpressthetechniqueusedinFrequencyDomainintermodal
Dispersionmeasurement.(8)
7. (i)Listthevarioustypesofpreamplifiersavailableforoptical
networksanditssignificanceinopticalnetworks.(8) BTL2 Understanding
(ii)Explainanythreeofthemwiththeircircuitdiagrams.(8)
8. Demonstratethefollowingindetail:
(i)Fibrerefractiveindexprofilemeasurement.(8) BTL3 Applying
(ii)Fibrecutoffwavelengthmeasurement(8)
9. Constructtheopticalreceiveroperationanditsperformancewith BTL3 Applying
neatdiagram
10. (i)Examinethedispersionandnumericalaperturemeasurements BTL4 Analyzing
offibre.
11. (i)Explainindetailaboutthefrontendopticalamplifiers.(8) BTL4 Analyzing
(ii)Considering the probability distributions for received logic 0
and 1 signal pulses,derive the expressions for BER and error
function.(8)
12. Analyzethefollowing: BTL4 Analyzing
(i)Fibrerefractiveindexprofilemeasurement.(8)
(ii)Fibrecutoffwavelengthmeasurement.(8)
13. Evaluatetheerrorsourcesoffundamentalreceiveroperations. BTL5 Evaluating
Discusstheperformanceofdigitalreceiverbydefiningthe
probabilityoferror
14. (a)DeveloptheschematicsofpinphotodiodeandAPDandexplain. BTL6 Creating
(8)
(b)Designthefundamentalreceiveroperationinoptical
communication.(8)

UNITV OPTICALNETWORKSANDSYSTEMTRANSMISSION
Basic Networks SONET / SDH Broadcast and select WDM Networks Wavelength Routed
Networks Non linear effects on Network performance Link Power budget Rise time budget Noise
EffectsonSystemPerformanceOperationalPrinciplesofWDMPerformanceofWDM+EDFAsystem
SolitonsOpticalCDMAUltraHighCapacityNetworks.
PARTA

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Q.No Questions BT Domain
Level
1. StatetheconceptofWDM. BTL1 Remembering
2. Definesoliton BTL1 Remembering
3. WhatisSONET BTL1 Remembering
4. SummarizethetransmissionbitrateofthebasicSONETframe BTL1 Remembering
inMbps
5. OutlineinterchannelcrosstalkthatoccursinaWDMsystem BTL1 Remembering
6. Writeaboutbroadcastandselectnetwork? BTL1 Remembering
7. ListthebenefitsofSONEToverPDHnetworks. BTL2 Understanding
8. Givethesignificanceofsolitons. BTL2 Understanding
9. IllustratetheproblemsassociatedwithPDHnetworks? BTL2 Understanding
10. ExpressthevariousSONET/SDHlayers. BTL2 Understanding
11. DemonstrateamodelofEDFA BTL3 Applying
12. ReportaboutChirping BTL3 Applying
13. Demonstratethedifferencebetweenfundamentalandhigher BTL3 Applying
ordersoliton.
14. Analyzethecrossphasemodulation BTL4 Analyzing
15. Analyzehowthespecklepatterncanform. BTL4 Analyzing
16. ClassifytheimportantfeaturesoftimeslottedopticalTDM BTL4 Analyzing
network.
17. JustifythefeaturesinDWDM BTL5 Evaluating
18. Concludetheadvantagesofusingsolitonsignalsthroughfiber. BTL5 Evaluating
19. DevelopthebasicperformanceoftheWDM BTL6 Creating
20. Proposethethreetopologiesusedforfiberopticnetwork BTL6 Creating
PARTB
1. DrawtheblockdiagramofOTDR.Citeaboutthemeasurementof BTL1 Remembering
anytwofiberopticmeasurementwiththis.(16)
2. Describethefollowing:
(i)WDMnetworks(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)Ultrahighcapacitynetworks(8)
3. (i)DefineandexplaintheprincipleofWDMnetworks(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)Statethenonlineareffectsonopticalnetworkperformance.(8)
4. (i)Outlinethefeaturesofultrahighcapacitynetworks(8) BTL1 Remembering
(ii)IdentifytheOTDRanditsapplications(8)
5. (i)GeneralizefourfiberBLSRringinaSONET.Explainthe BTL2 Understanding
reconfigurationofthesameduringnodeorfiberfailure.(8)

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(ii)Restatebroadcastandselectmultihopnetwork.Explain.
(8)
6. (i)Explainthefollowingrequirementsforthedesignofan BTL2 Understanding
opticallyamplifiedWDMlink:(8)
(1)LinkBandwidth
(2)OpticalpowerrequirementsforaspecificBER.
(ii)Paraphrasenotesonsolitons.(8)
7. (i)GivemainideaaboutSA/SAprotocolandmodifiedSA/SA BTL2 Understanding
protocolofbroadcastandselectnetworks.(8)
(ii)Expressthenonlineareffectsonnetworkperformance(8)
8. (i)ModeltheLayeredarchitectureofSONET/SDHwithneat BTL3 Applying
diagram.(8)
(ii)IllustratethedetailednotesonopticalCDMAandits
applications.(8)
9. DemonstrateSONETlayersandframestructurewith BTL3 Applying
diagram.(16)
10 Withsuitableexample,analyzetheconditionsandconstraintsin
theformulationandsolutionofroutingandwavelength BTL4 Analyzing
assignmentprobleminanoptimalway.(8)
AnalyzethefeaturesofSolitons(8)
11 Findouttheconceptsofmediaaccesscontrolprotocolsin
broadcastandselectnetworks.Explain(16) BTL4 Analyzing
12 (i)Groupthenonlineareffectsonnetworkperformanceindetail.
(8) BTL4 Analyzing
(ii)InspectthebasicsofopticalCDMAsystems.(8)
13 Deducethebasicframestructureandnetworkarchitectureof BTL5 Evaluating
SONET.(16)
14 Proposethesalientfeatureofsolitonsusingrelevantexpressions BTL6 Creating
anddiagrams(8)
DevelopatheoryonthenoiseEffectsonSystemPerformance(8)
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