Professional Documents
Culture Documents
com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NMEA is the acronyms stands for The National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) which is a non-
profit association of manufacturers, distributors, dealers, educational institutions, and others interested in
peripheral marine electronics occupations.
The National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) has developed a standard over 20 years ago that
defines the interface between various pieces of marine electronic equipment and navigational computers,
allowing them to talk together and share vital information.
The NMEA 0183 is a combined electrical and data specification for communication between marine
electronic devices. The NMEA 0183 standard uses a simple printable ASCII form and serial
communications protocol that defines how data is transmitted in a "sentence" from one "talker" to multiple
"listeners" at a time. The data may include information such as position, speed, depth, frequency
allocation, etc.
NMEA data is transmitted from an information source such as a GPS, echo sounder, or gyro compass
etc. These data sending devices are called “Talkers”. Equipment receiving this information such as a
chart-plotter, radar, PC or NMEA display is called a “Listener”.
The NMEA 0183 standard defines the interface speed can be adjusted on some models but the NMEA
standard is 4800 b/s (bit per second rate) with 8 bits of data, no parity, one stop bit (or more) and
none handshake. (At 4800 b/s it can only send 480 characters in one second)
NMEA output is EIA-422A but for most purposes it can consider RS-232 compatible
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 1 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Diagram shows the setting of NMEA default parameters and the NMEA Sentences
All data is transmitted in the form of sentences. Only printable ASCII characters are allowed, plus carriage
return (CR) and line feed (LF). Each sentence starts with a "$" sign and ends with <CR><LF> and can be
no longer than 80 characters.
All of the standard sentences have a two letter prefix that defines the device that uses that ’sentence
type’ and followed by a three letter sequence that defines the ’sentence contents’. (E.g. GPGGA: GP
is prefix for GPS receiver and GGA is prefix for GPS fix data).
All data fields that follow are comma-delimited. Where data is unavailable, the corresponding field would
contained NUL bytes (e.g., in "123,,456", the second field's data is unavailable).
There is a requirement for checksum at the end of some sentence. The checksum field consists of a '*'
and two hex digits representing an 8 bit exclusive OR of all characters between the '$' and '*' sentence.
(E.g. $GPGGA,123519,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,1,08,0.9,545.4,M,46.9,M,,*47)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 2 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 3 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Magellan
Magellan uses proprietary sentences to do all of their waypoint and route maintenance. They use the
MGN prefix for their sentences. $PMGNST,02.12,3,T,534,05.0,+03327,00*40
• The first character defines it is a proprietary sentences (P)
• The next three character is refer to the manufacturer ID (MGN)
• ST is status information
• 02.12 is a Version number
• 3 means 3D fix (x, y, z) or otherwise 2D (x, y)
• T is for True if it has a fix or F for False otherwise
• 534 numbers change – unknown
• 05.0 is time left on the GPS battery in hours
• +03327 numbers change (freq. compensation)
• 00 is Pseudo Random Noise (PRN)[1] number receiving current focus
• *40 checksum
1. Pseudo Random Noise (PRN) is a signal similar to noise which satisfies one or more of the standard tests for statistical
randomness.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 4 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 5 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.1 GGA – Global Positioning System Fix Data that provides Time, Position (3D location) and fix
related data for a GPS receiver.
$GPGGA,123519,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,1,08,0.9,545.4,M,46.9,M,,*47
1. Time (UT) – Fix taken at 12 hours 35 minutes and 19 seconds
2. Latituted – Latitude at 4807.038
3. Northing or Southing – Northing
4. Longitude – Longitude at 1131.000
5. Easting or Westing – Easting
6. GPS Quality Indicator: 1 – GPS fix
0 – Fix is not available 4 – Real Time Kinematic fix 8 – Simulation Mode
1 – GPS fix 5 – Float RTK fix
2 – Differential GPS fix 6 – Estimated (dead reckoning)
3 – Precise Positioning Services fix 7 – Manual Input Mode
7. Number of Satellite in View (00 to 12) – 8 satellites available
[2]
8. Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP) – 0.9
9. Antenna Altitude above / below Mean Sea Level (MSL) (Geoid) – 545.4
10. Unit of Antenna Altitude – Meters
[3]
11. Geoid Separation - 469.9 (means MSL above the ellipsoid. If negative (-) means otherwise)
12. Unit of Geoid Separation – Meters
13. Time (in Seconds) the Last DGPS Updates (Type 1 – 9) – Null means DGPS is not been used
14. DGPS Station ID number – not available
15. Checksum – total of the characters of the sentence is 47
2. Horizontal Dilution of Precision – The horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP) allows one to more precisely estimate the
accuracy of GPS horizontal (latitude/longitude) position fixes by adjusting the error estimates according to the geometry of
the satellites used.
3. Geoid Separation – the height difference between the WGS84 ellipsoid and MSL geoid
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 6 of 7
MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Jack Ruzaini (jacketphisher@yahoo.com)
BACHELOR OF GEOMATIC AND SURVEYING SCIENCE (AP220) ASSIGNMENT 3
HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYING (SUG514) NMEA
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
$GPGSA,A,3,19,28,14,18,27,22,31,39,,,,,1.7,1.0,1.3*35
1. Selection Mode – Automatic (2D or 3D) otherwise is Manual (force to operate in 2D or 3D)
2. Mode: – 3 means 3D
1 = Fix not available, 2 = 2D, 3 = 3D
st th
3. to 14. ID of 1 to 14 Satellite Used For Fix
15. PDOP in Meters – 1.7
16. HDOP in Meters – 1.0
17. VDOP in Meters – 1.3
18. Checksum – Total of characters in the sentence is 35
$GPGSV,4,1,13,02,02,213,,03,-3,000,,11,00,121,,14,13,172,05*67
4. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is a measure used in science and engineering to quantify how much a signal has been
corrupted by noise. It is defined as the ratio of signal power to the noise power corrupting the signal.
5. Decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit of measurement in acoustics and electronics
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Page 7 of 7